1
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Ryba-Stanisławowska M, Słomiński B, Myśliwiec M. Association of KLF14 rs4731702 gene polymorphism with metabolic phenotype in young patients with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024; 26:3663-3672. [PMID: 38894632 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
AIM To explore the potential association between the KLF14 rs4731702 polymorphism and metabolic syndrome traits among patients diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (T1D). METHODS The study group included 350 patients with T1D and 250 healthy control subjects. The analysis focused on the genotyping of KLF14 rs4731702 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), as well as evaluating serum concentrations of inflammatory markers, blood pressure, lipid profiles, and the quantitative status of CD4 + CD25highFOXP3+ T cells. RESULTS Patients with T1D carrying the T allele of KLF14 rs4731702 SNP had higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, as well as lower glycated haemoglobin and serum concentration of proinflammatory markers than C allele carriers. They also developed hypertension less often than carriers of the C allele. The analysis of CD4 + CD25highFOXP3+ regulatory T-cell status based on KLF14 genotype showed that, in T1D patients, those with the TT genotype had the highest frequency of these cells compared to carriers of the CC and CT genotypes. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that the T allele of the KLF14 rs4731702 SNP might confer a protective effect against the development of obesity, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and chronic inflammatory state in patients diagnosed with T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bartosz Słomiński
- Department of Medical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Myśliwiec
- Chair & Clinics of Paediatrics, Diabetology and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
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2
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Shanley M, Daher M, Dou J, Li S, Basar R, Rafei H, Dede M, Gumin J, Pantaleόn Garcίa J, Nunez Cortes AK, He S, Jones CM, Acharya S, Fowlkes NW, Xiong D, Singh S, Shaim H, Hicks SC, Liu B, Jain A, Zaman MF, Miao Q, Li Y, Uprety N, Liu E, Muniz-Feliciano L, Deyter GM, Mohanty V, Zhang P, Evans SE, Shpall EJ, Lang FF, Chen K, Rezvani K. Interleukin-21 engineering enhances NK cell activity against glioblastoma via CEBPD. Cancer Cell 2024; 42:1450-1466.e11. [PMID: 39137729 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2024.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive brain cancer with limited therapeutic options. Natural killer (NK) cells are innate immune cells with strong anti-tumor activity and may offer a promising treatment strategy for GBM. We compared the anti-GBM activity of NK cells engineered to express interleukin (IL)-15 or IL-21. Using multiple in vivo models, IL-21 NK cells were superior to IL-15 NK cells both in terms of safety and long-term anti-tumor activity, with locoregionally administered IL-15 NK cells proving toxic and ineffective at tumor control. IL-21 NK cells displayed a unique chromatin accessibility signature, with CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBP), especially CEBPD, serving as key transcription factors regulating their enhanced function. Deletion of CEBPD resulted in loss of IL-21 NK cell potency while its overexpression increased NK cell long-term cytotoxicity and metabolic fitness. These results suggest that IL-21, through C/EBP transcription factors, drives epigenetic reprogramming of NK cells, enhancing their anti-tumor efficacy against GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayra Shanley
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - May Daher
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - Jinzhuang Dou
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - Sufang Li
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - Rafet Basar
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - Hind Rafei
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - Merve Dede
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - Joy Gumin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - Jezreel Pantaleόn Garcίa
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - Ana Karen Nunez Cortes
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - Shan He
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - Corry M Jones
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - Sunil Acharya
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - Natalie W Fowlkes
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - Donghai Xiong
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - Sanjay Singh
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - Hila Shaim
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - Samantha Claire Hicks
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - Abhinav Jain
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - Mohammad Fayyad Zaman
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - Qi Miao
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - Ye Li
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - Nadima Uprety
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - Enli Liu
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - Luis Muniz-Feliciano
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - Gary M Deyter
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - Vakul Mohanty
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - Patrick Zhang
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - Scott E Evans
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Shpall
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - Frederick F Lang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - Ken Chen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - Katayoun Rezvani
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA.
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Sankaran DG, Zhu H, Maymi VI, Forlastro IM, Jiang Y, Laniewski N, Scheible KM, Rudd BD, Grimson AW. Gene Regulatory Programs that Specify Age-Related Differences during Thymocyte Development. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.14.599011. [PMID: 38948840 PMCID: PMC11212896 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.14.599011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
T cell development is fundamental to immune system establishment, yet how this development changes with age remains poorly understood. Here, we construct a transcriptional and epigenetic atlas of T cell developmental programs in neonatal and adult mice, revealing the ontogeny of divergent gene regulatory programs and their link to age-related differences in phenotype and function. Specifically, we identify a gene module that diverges with age from the earliest stages of genesis and includes programs that govern effector response and cell cycle regulation. Moreover, we reveal that neonates possess more accessible chromatin during early thymocyte development, likely establishing poised gene expression programs that manifest later in thymocyte development. Finally, we leverage this atlas, employing a CRISPR-based perturbation approach coupled with single-cell RNA sequencing as a readout to uncover a conserved transcriptional regulator, Zbtb20, that contributes to age-dependent differences in T cell development. Altogether, our study defines transcriptional and epigenetic programs that regulate age-specific differences in T cell development.
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4
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Singh MK, Rallabandi HR, Zhou XJ, Qi YY, Zhao ZZ, Gan T, Zhang H, Looger LL, Nath SK. KLF2 enhancer variant rs4808485 increases lupus risk by modulating inflammasome machinery and cellular homoeostasis. Ann Rheum Dis 2024; 83:879-888. [PMID: 38373841 PMCID: PMC11168881 DOI: 10.1136/ard-2023-224953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A recent genome-wide association study linked KLF2 as a novel Asian-specific locus for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) susceptibility. However, the underlying causal functional variant(s), cognate target gene(s) and genetic mechanisms associated with SLE risk are unknown. METHODS We used bioinformatics to prioritise likely functional variants and validated the best candidate with diverse experimental techniques, including genome editing. Gene expression was compared between healthy controls (HCs) and patients with SLE with or without lupus nephritis (LN+, LN-). RESULTS Through bioinformatics and expression quantitative trait locus analyses, we prioritised rs4808485 in active chromatin, predicted to modulate KLF2 expression. Luciferase reporter assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation-qPCR demonstrated differential allele-specific enhancer activity and binding of active histone marks (H3K27ac, H3K4me3 and H3K4me1), Pol II, CTCF, P300 and the transcription factor PARP1. Chromosome conformation capture-qPCR revealed long-range chromatin interactions between rs4808485 and the KLF2 promoter. These were directly validated by CRISPR-based genetic and epigenetic editing in Jurkat and lymphoblastoid cells. Deleting the rs4808485 enhancer in Jurkat (KO) cells disrupted NLRP3 inflammasome machinery by reducing KLF2 and increasing CASPASE1, IL-1β and GSDMD levels. Knockout cells also exhibited higher proliferation and cell-cycle progression than wild type. RNA-seq validated interplay between KLF2 and inflammasome machinery in HC, LN+ and LN-. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate how rs4808485 modulates the inflammasome and cellular homoeostasis through regulating KLF2 expression. This establishes mechanistic connections between rs4808485 and SLE susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar Singh
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Harikrishna Reddy Rallabandi
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Xu-Jie Zhou
- Renal Division, Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Qi
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhan-Zheng Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Ting Gan
- Renal Division, Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Renal Division, Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, China
| | - Loren L Looger
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Swapan K Nath
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
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5
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Sharma P, Guo A, Poudel S, Boada-Romero E, Verbist KC, Palacios G, Immadisetty K, Chen MJ, Haydar D, Mishra A, Peng J, Madan Babu M, Krenciute G, Glazer ES, Green DR. Rapid metabolic regulation of a novel arginine methylation of KCa3.1 attenuates T cell exhaustion. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.09.593421. [PMID: 38798680 PMCID: PMC11118966 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.09.593421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
T cell exhaustion is linked to persistent antigen exposure and perturbed activation events, correlating with poor disease prognosis. Tumor-mediated T cell exhaustion is well documented; however, how the nutrient-deprived tumor niche affects T cell receptor (TCR) activation is largely unclear. We show that methionine metabolism licenses optimal TCR signaling by regulating the protein arginine methylome, and limiting methionine availability during early TCR signaling promotes subsequent T cell exhaustion. We discovered a novel arginine methylation of a Ca 2+ -activated potassium transporter, KCa3.1, prevention of which results in increased Ca 2+ -mediated NFAT1 activation, NFAT1 promoter occupancy, and T cell exhaustion. Furthermore, methionine supplementation reduces nuclear NFAT1 in tumor-infiltrating T cells and augments their anti-tumor activity. These findings demonstrate metabolic regulation of T cell exhaustion determined during TCR engagement.
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6
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Li F, Zhu Y, Wang T, Tang J, Huang Y, Gu J, Mai Y, Wang M, Zhang Z, Ning J, Kang B, Wang J, Zhou T, Cui Y, Pan G. Characterization of gene regulatory networks underlying key properties in human hematopoietic stem cell ontogeny. CELL REGENERATION (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 13:9. [PMID: 38630195 PMCID: PMC11024070 DOI: 10.1186/s13619-024-00192-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Human hematopoiesis starts at early yolk sac and undergoes site- and stage-specific changes over development. The intrinsic mechanism underlying property changes in hematopoiesis ontogeny remains poorly understood. Here, we analyzed single-cell transcriptome of human primary hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) at different developmental stages, including yolk-sac (YS), AGM, fetal liver (FL), umbilical cord blood (UCB) and adult peripheral blood (PB) mobilized HSPCs. These stage-specific HSPCs display differential intrinsic properties, such as metabolism, self-renewal, differentiating potentialities etc. We then generated highly co-related gene regulatory network (GRNs) modules underlying the differential HSC key properties. Particularly, we identified GRNs and key regulators controlling lymphoid potentiality, self-renewal as well as aerobic respiration in human HSCs. Introducing selected regulators promotes key HSC functions in HSPCs derived from human pluripotent stem cells. Therefore, GRNs underlying key intrinsic properties of human HSCs provide a valuable guide to generate fully functional HSCs in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Li
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Lineage and Cell Therapy, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Yanling Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Lineage and Cell Therapy, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
- GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, GIBH-CUHK Joint Research Laboratory On Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
| | - Tianyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Lineage and Cell Therapy, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, GIBH-CUHK Joint Research Laboratory On Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Jun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuhua Huang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Lineage and Cell Therapy, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Jiaming Gu
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Lineage and Cell Therapy, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Yuchan Mai
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Lineage and Cell Therapy, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Mingquan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Lineage and Cell Therapy, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, GIBH-CUHK Joint Research Laboratory On Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Zhishuai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Lineage and Cell Therapy, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Jiaying Ning
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Lineage and Cell Therapy, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Baoqiang Kang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Lineage and Cell Therapy, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Junwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Lineage and Cell Therapy, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Tiancheng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Lineage and Cell Therapy, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Yazhou Cui
- Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan, 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Guangjin Pan
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Lineage and Cell Therapy, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
- GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, GIBH-CUHK Joint Research Laboratory On Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
- South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
- Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan, 250117, Shandong, China.
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7
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Kirchmair A, Nemati N, Lamberti G, Trefny M, Krogsdam A, Siller A, Hörtnagl P, Schumacher P, Sopper S, Sandbichler A, Zippelius A, Ghesquière B, Trajanoski Z. 13C tracer analysis reveals the landscape of metabolic checkpoints in human CD8 + T cell differentiation and exhaustion. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1267816. [PMID: 37928527 PMCID: PMC10620935 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1267816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Naïve T cells remain in an actively maintained state of quiescence until activation by antigenic signals, upon which they start to proliferate and generate effector cells to initiate a functional immune response. Metabolic reprogramming is essential to meet the biosynthetic demands of the differentiation process, and failure to do so can promote the development of hypofunctional exhausted T cells. Methods Here we used 13C metabolomics and transcriptomics to study the metabolism of CD8+ T cells in their complete course of differentiation from naïve over stem-like memory to effector cells and in exhaustion-inducing conditions. Results The quiescence of naïve T cells was evident in a profound suppression of glucose oxidation and a decreased expression of ENO1, downstream of which no glycolytic flux was detectable. Moreover, TCA cycle activity was low in naïve T cells and associated with a downregulation of SDH subunits. Upon stimulation and exit from quiescence, the initiation of cell growth and proliferation was accompanied by differential expression of metabolic enzymes and metabolic reprogramming towards aerobic glycolysis with high rates of nutrient uptake, respiration and lactate production. High flux in anabolic pathways imposed a strain on NADH homeostasis, which coincided with engagement of the proline cycle for mitochondrial redox shuttling. With acquisition of effector functions, cells increasingly relied on glycolysis as opposed to oxidative phosphorylation, which was, however, not linked to changes in mitochondrial abundance. In exhaustion, decreased effector function concurred with a reduction in mitochondrial metabolism, glycolysis and amino acid import, and an upregulation of quiescence-associated genes, TXNIP and KLF2, and the T cell suppressive metabolites succinate and itaconate. Discussion Overall, these results identify multiple metabolic features that regulate quiescence, proliferation and effector function, but also exhaustion of CD8+ T cells during differentiation. Thus, targeting these metabolic checkpoints may be a promising therapeutic strategy for both prevention of exhaustion and promotion of stemness of anti-tumor T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kirchmair
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Niloofar Nemati
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Giorgia Lamberti
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Marcel Trefny
- Department of Biomedicine, Cancer Immunology, University and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anne Krogsdam
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- NGS Core Facility, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anita Siller
- Central Institute for Blood Transfusion and Immunology, Tirol Kliniken GmbH, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Paul Hörtnagl
- Central Institute for Blood Transfusion and Immunology, Tirol Kliniken GmbH, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Petra Schumacher
- Core Facility FACS Sorting, University Clinic for Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sieghart Sopper
- Core Facility FACS Sorting, University Clinic for Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Alfred Zippelius
- Department of Biomedicine, Cancer Immunology, University and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bart Ghesquière
- Laboratory of Applied Mass Spectrometry, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Metabolomics Core Facility Leuven, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Zlatko Trajanoski
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Li Q, Li S, Li Z, Xu H, Zhang W. KLF5‑mediated expression of CARD11 promotes the progression of gastric cancer. Exp Ther Med 2023; 26:422. [PMID: 37602310 PMCID: PMC10433449 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 11 (CARD11) has been reported as functioning in multiple types of cancers. In the present study, the role and mechanism of CARD11 in gastric cancer was investigated. First, CARD11 expression in gastric cancer tissues and the association of CARD11 with overall survival were analyzed by the encyclopedia of RNA interactomes database. CARD11 expression in gastric cancer cells was detected by western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analyses. After CARD11 silencing, cell proliferation was evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine staining and flow cytometry analysis. Wound healing and Transwell assays were used to measure the capacities of cell migration and invasion. Additionally, the expression levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins and mTOR-related proteins were detected by western blot analysis. HumanTFDB predicted the binding of the transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) to the CARD11 promoter, which was confirmed by dual luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. To explore the regulatory effects between KLF5 and CARD11, KLF5 was overexpressed to perform the rescue experiments in gastric cancer cells with CARD11 silencing. Results revealed that CARD11 was highly expressed in gastric cancer and was associated with poor prognosis. CARD11 interference inhibited the proliferation of gastric cancer cells and induced cell cycle arrest. Additionally, CARD11 silencing suppressed the migration, invasion and EMT of gastric cancer cells, accompanied by upregulated E-cadherin expression and downregulated N-cadherin and vimentin expression. Moreover, the transcription factor KLF5 positively regulated the transcription of CARD11 in gastric cancer. KLF5 overexpression reversed the effects of interference of CARD11 expression in gastric cancer cells to promote their proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT. KLF5 overexpression also led to a reduction in cell cycle arrest. Finally, interference of CARD11 expression suppressed the mTOR pathway, which was activated by KLF5. In conclusion, KLF5-mediated CARD11 promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiusen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Zongxian Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Wenxian Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
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9
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Zhu J, Teng H, Zhu X, Yuan J, Zhang Q, Zou Y. Pan-cancer analysis of Krüppel-like factor 3 and its carcinogenesis in pancreatic cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1167018. [PMID: 37600783 PMCID: PMC10435259 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1167018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Krüppel-like factor 3 (KLF3) is a key transcriptional repressor, which is involved in various biological functions such as lipogenesis, erythropoiesis, and B cell development, and has become one of the current research hotspots. However, the role of KLF3 in the pan-cancer and tumor microenvironment remains unclear. Methods TCGA and GTEx databases were used to evaluate the expression difference of KLF3 in pan-cancer and normal tissues. The cBioPortal database and the GSCALite platform analyzed the genetic variation and methylation modification of KLF3. The prognostic role of KLF3 in pan-cancer was identified using Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier analysis. Correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between KLF3 expression and tumor mutation burden, microsatellite instability, and immune-related genes. The relationship between KLF3 expression and tumor immune microenvironment was calculated by ESTIMATE, EPIC, and MCPCOUNTER algorithms. TISCH and CancerSEA databases analyzed the expression distribution and function of KLF3 in the tumor microenvironment. TIDE, GDSC, and CTRP databases evaluated KLF3-predicted immunotherapy response and sensitivity to small molecule drugs. Finally, we analyzed the role of KLF3 in pancreatic cancer by in vivo and in vitro experiments. Results KLF3 was abnormally expressed in a variety of tumors, which could effectively predict the prognosis of patients, and it was most obvious in pancreatic cancer. Further experiments verified that silencing KLF3 expression inhibited pancreatic cancer progression. Functional analysis and gene set enrichment analysis found that KLF3 was involved in various immune-related pathways and tumor progression-related pathways. In addition, based on single-cell sequencing analysis, it was found that KLF3 was mainly expressed in CD4Tconv, CD8T, monocytes/macrophages, endothelial cells, and malignant cells in most of the tumor microenvironment. Finally, we assessed the value of KLF3 in predicting response to immunotherapy and predicted a series of sensitive drugs targeting KLF3. Conclusion The role of KLF3 in the tumor microenvironment of various types of tumors cannot be underestimated, and it has significant potential as a biomarker for predicting the response to immunotherapy. In particular, it plays an important role in the progression of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Zhu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hong Teng
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Medical Genetics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaojian Zhu
- Tomas Lindahl Nobel Laureate Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jingxuan Yuan
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Medical Genetics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Medical Genetics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yeqing Zou
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Medical Genetics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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10
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Zheng Y, Chen Z, Zhou B, Chen S, Chen N, Shen L. Prmt5 deficiency inhibits CD4+ T-cell Klf2/S1pr1 expression and ameliorates EAE disease. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:183. [PMID: 37533053 PMCID: PMC10398933 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02854-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (Prmt5) is the main type II methyltransferase, catalyzes protein arginine residue symmetric dimethylation, and modulates normal cellular physiology and disease progression. Prmt5 inhibition or deletion in CD4+ T cells has been reported to ameliorate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), but the detailed molecular mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. METHODS EAE was induced by administration of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG35-55) in T cells Prmt5 conditional knockout (CD4-cre-Prmt5fl/fl, Prmt5cko) and Prmt5fl/fl (WT) mice. Flow cytometry, single-cell RNA sequencing, ATAC sequencing and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay (ChIP) approaches were used to explore the detail mechanisms. RESULTS We find that Prmt5cko mice are resistant to EAE; infiltrating inflammatory CD4+ T cells in the central nervous system (CNS) are greatly reduced. However, in Prmt5cko mice, T cells in the spleen show much more proliferation and activation properties, the total number of CD4+ T cells in the spleen is not reduced, and the percentage of Rora+ CD4+ T cells is elevated. Also, CD4+ T cells express lower levels of S1pr1 and Klf2 than WT mice, which may influence pathogenic CD4+ T-cell egress from the spleen and migration to the CNS. Moreover, the single-cell ATAC sequence and ChIP assay reveal that the transcription factor Klf2 is enriched at the S1pr1 promoter and that Klf2 motif activity is reduced in Prmt5cko mice. CONCLUSIONS Our study delineates the undiscovered role of Prmt5 in T-cell biology in which Prmt5 may inhibit Klf2-S1pr1 pathway to ameliorate EAE disease. Controlling T-cell Prmt5 expression may be helpful for the treatment of autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxia Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Experimental Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zheyi Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Experimental Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingqian Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Experimental Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiyu Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Experimental Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ningdai Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Experimental Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lisong Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Experimental Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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11
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Wittner J, Schuh W. Krüppel-like factor 2: a central regulator of B cell differentiation and plasma cell homing. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1172641. [PMID: 37251374 PMCID: PMC10213221 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1172641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of B cells, their activation and terminal differentiation into antibody-producing plasma cells are characterized by alternating phases of proliferation and quiescence that are controlled by complex transcriptional networks. The spatial and anatomical organization of B cells and plasma cells inside lymphoid organs as well as their migration within lymphoid structures and between organs are prerequisites for the generation and the maintenance of humoral immune responses. Transcription factors of the Krüppel-like family are critical regulators of immune cell differentiation, activation, and migration. Here, we discuss the functional relevance of Krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) for B cell development, B cell activation, plasma cell formation and maintenance. We elaborate on KLF2-mediated regulation of B cell and plasmablast migration in the context of immune responses. Moreover, we describe the importance of KLF2 for the onset and the progression of B cell-related diseases and malignancies.
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12
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Di Zazzo E, Rienzo M, Casamassimi A, De Rosa C, Medici N, Gazzerro P, Bifulco M, Abbondanza C. Exploring the putative role of PRDM1 and PRDM2 transcripts as mediators of T lymphocyte activation. J Transl Med 2023; 21:217. [PMID: 36964555 PMCID: PMC10039509 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04066-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND T cell activation and programming from their naïve/resting state, characterized by widespread modifications in chromatin accessibility triggering extensive changes in transcriptional programs, is orchestrated by several cytokines and transcription regulators. PRDM1 and PRDM2 encode for proteins with PR/SET and zinc finger domains that control several biological processes, including cell differentiation, through epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Different transcripts leading to main protein isoforms with (PR +) or without (PR-) the PR/SET domain have been described. Although many studies have established the critical PRDM1 role in hematopoietic cell differentiation, maintenance and/or function, the single transcript contribution has not been investigated before. Otherwise, very few evidence is currently available on PRDM2. Here, we aimed to analyze the role of PRDM1 and PRDM2 different transcripts as mediators of T lymphocyte activation. METHODS We analyzed the transcription signature of the main variants from PRDM1 (BLIMP1a and BLIMP1b) and PRDM2 (RIZ1 and RIZ2) genes, in human T lymphocytes and Jurkat cells overexpressing PRDM2 cDNAs following activation through different signals. RESULTS T lymphocyte activation induced an early increase of RIZ2 and RIZ1 followed by BLIMP1b increase and finally by BLIMP1a increase. The "first" and the "second" signals shifted the balance towards the PR- forms for both genes. Interestingly, the PI3K signaling pathway modulated the RIZ1/RIZ2 ratio in favor of RIZ1 while the balance versus RIZ2 was promoted by MAPK pathway. Cytokines mediating different Jak/Stat signaling pathways (third signal) early modulated the expression of PRDM1 and PRDM2 and the relationship of their different transcripts confirming the early increase of the PR- transcripts. Different responses of T cell subpopulations were also observed. Jurkat cells showed that the acute transient RIZ2 increase promoted the balancing of PRDM1 forms towards BLIMP1b. The stable forced expression of RIZ1 or RIZ2 induced a significant variation in the expression of key transcription factors involved in T lymphocyte differentiation. The BLIMP1a/b balance shifted in favor of BLIMP1a in RIZ1-overexpressing cells and of BLIMP1b in RIZ2-overexpressing cells. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first characterization of PRDM2 in T-lymphocyte activation/differentiation and novel insights on PRDM1 and PRDM2 transcription regulation during initial activation phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Di Zazzo
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Monica Rienzo
- Department of Environmental, Biological, and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Amelia Casamassimi
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Caterina De Rosa
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola Medici
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Patrizia Gazzerro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084, Salerno, Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Maurizio Bifulco
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Ciro Abbondanza
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy.
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13
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Zagorulya M, Yim L, Morgan DM, Edwards A, Torres-Mejia E, Momin N, McCreery CV, Zamora IL, Horton BL, Fox JG, Wittrup KD, Love JC, Spranger S. Tissue-specific abundance of interferon-gamma drives regulatory T cells to restrain DC1-mediated priming of cytotoxic T cells against lung cancer. Immunity 2023; 56:386-405.e10. [PMID: 36736322 PMCID: PMC10880816 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Local environmental factors influence CD8+ T cell priming in lymph nodes (LNs). Here, we sought to understand how factors unique to the tumor-draining mediastinal LN (mLN) impact CD8+ T cell responses toward lung cancer. Type 1 conventional dendritic cells (DC1s) showed a mLN-specific failure to induce robust cytotoxic T cells responses. Using regulatory T (Treg) cell depletion strategies, we found that Treg cells suppressed DC1s in a spatially coordinated manner within tissue-specific microniches within the mLN. Treg cell suppression required MHC II-dependent contact between DC1s and Treg cells. Elevated levels of IFN-γ drove differentiation Treg cells into Th1-like effector Treg cells in the mLN. In patients with cancer, Treg cell Th1 polarization, but not CD8+/Treg cell ratios, correlated with poor responses to checkpoint blockade immunotherapy. Thus, IFN-γ in the mLN skews Treg cells to be Th1-like effector Treg cells, driving their close interaction with DC1s and subsequent suppression of cytotoxic T cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Zagorulya
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biology, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Leon Yim
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Duncan M Morgan
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Austin Edwards
- Biological Imaging Development CoLab, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Elen Torres-Mejia
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Noor Momin
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Chloe V McCreery
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Izabella L Zamora
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Brendan L Horton
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - James G Fox
- Department of Biological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Division of Comparative Medicine, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - K Dane Wittrup
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - J Christopher Love
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Stefani Spranger
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biology, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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14
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Bosselut R. A Beginner's Guide to T Cell Development. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2580:3-24. [PMID: 36374448 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2740-2_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
T lymphocytes (T cells) are essential components of the adaptive immune system; they serve multiple functions in responses to pathogens and to ensure immune homeostasis. Written for readers first entering this field of study, this chapter is a brief overview of the development of T cells in the thymus, from the entry of thymus-settling bone marrow-derived precursors to the egress of mature T cells. Surveyed topics include the differentiation and expansion of early precursors, the generation of the T cell antigen receptor repertoire, the selection of αβ T cell precursors, and their acquisition of functional competency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémy Bosselut
- Laboratory of Immune Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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15
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Pernaa N, Keskitalo S, Chowdhury I, Nissinen A, Glumoff V, Keski-Filppula R, Junttila J, Eklund KK, Santaniemi W, Siitonen S, Seppänen MRJ, Vähäsalo P, Varjosalo M, Åström P, Hautala T. Heterozygous premature termination in zinc-finger domain of Krüppel-like factor 2 gene associates with dysregulated immunity. Front Immunol 2022; 13:819929. [PMID: 36466816 PMCID: PMC9716311 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.819929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) is a transcription factor with significant roles in development, maturation, differentiation, and proliferation of several cell types. In immune cells, KLF2 regulates maturation and trafficking of lymphocytes and monocytes. KLF2 participates in regulation of the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathway. Although pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) related to KLF2 genetic variant has been suggested, genetic role of KLF2 associated with immune dysregulation has not been described. We identified a family whose members suffered from lymphopenia, autoimmunity, and malignancy. Whole exome sequencing revealed a KLF2 p.(Glu318Argfs*87) mutation disrupting the highly conserved zinc finger domain. We show a reduced amount of KLF2 protein, defective nuclear localization and altered protein-protein interactome. The phenotypically variable positive cases presented with B and T cell lymphopenia and abnormalities in B and T cell maturation including low naive T cell counts and low CD27+IgD-IgM- switched memory B cells. KLF2 target gene (CD62L) expression was affected. Although the percentage of (CD25+FOXP3+, CD25+CD127-) regulatory T cells (Treg) was high, the naive Treg cells (CD45RA+) were absent. Serum IgG1 levels were low and findings in one case were consistent with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). Transcription of NF-κβ pathway genes and p65/RelA phosphorylation were not significantly affected. Inflammasome activity, transcription of genes related with JAK/STAT pathway and interferon signature were also comparable to controls. Evidence of PAH was not found. In conclusion, KLF2 variant may be associated with familial immune dysregulation. Although the KLF2 deficient family members in our study suffered from lymphopenia, autoimmunity or malignancy, additional study cohorts are required to confirm our observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Pernaa
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Salla Keskitalo
- Molecular Systems Biology Group, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Iftekhar Chowdhury
- Molecular Systems Biology Group, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Nissinen
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Virpi Glumoff
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Riikka Keski-Filppula
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juhani Junttila
- Research Unit of Internal Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Kari K. Eklund
- Department of Rheumatology, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital and Orton Orthopedic Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Wenny Santaniemi
- Oulun University Hospital and Research Unit of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sanna Siitonen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Helsinki and HUSLAB, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikko RJ. Seppänen
- Rare Disease Center and Pediatric Research Center, Children and Adolescents; Adult Immunodeficiency Unit, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paula Vähäsalo
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Markku Varjosalo
- Molecular Systems Biology Group, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pirjo Åström
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Timo Hautala
- Infectious Diseases, Oulu University Hospital and Research Unit of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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16
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Altendorfer B, Unger MS, Poupardin R, Hoog A, Asslaber D, Gratz IK, Mrowetz H, Benedetti A, de Sousa DMB, Greil R, Egle A, Gate D, Wyss-Coray T, Aigner L. Transcriptomic Profiling Identifies CD8 + T Cells in the Brain of Aged and Alzheimer's Disease Transgenic Mice as Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 209:1272-1285. [PMID: 36165202 PMCID: PMC9515311 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral immune cell infiltration into the brain is a prominent feature in aging and various neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). As AD progresses, CD8+ T cells infiltrate into the brain parenchyma, where they tightly associate with neurons and microglia. The functional properties of CD8+ T cells in the brain are largely unknown. To gain further insights into the putative functions of CD8+ T cells in the brain, we explored and compared the transcriptomic profile of CD8+ T cells isolated from the brain and blood of transgenic AD (APPswe/PSEN1dE9, line 85 [APP-PS1]) and age-matched wild-type (WT) mice. Brain CD8+ T cells of APP-PS1 and WT animals had similar transcriptomic profiles and substantially differed from blood circulating CD8+ T cells. The gene signature of brain CD8+ T cells identified them as tissue-resident memory (Trm) T cells. Gene Ontology enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis on the significantly upregulated genes revealed overrepresentation of biological processes involved in IFN-β signaling and the response to viral infections. Furthermore, brain CD8+ T cells of APP-PS1 and aged WT mice showed similar differentially regulated genes as brain Trm CD8+ T cells in mouse models with acute virus infection, chronic parasite infection, and tumor growth. In conclusion, our profiling of brain CD8+ T cells suggests that in AD, these cells exhibit similar adaptive immune responses as in other inflammatory diseases of the CNS, potentially opening the door for immunotherapy in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Altendorfer
- Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Michael Stefan Unger
- Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Rodolphe Poupardin
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Experimental and Clinical Cell Therapy Institute, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Anna Hoog
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Experimental and Clinical Cell Therapy Institute, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Daniela Asslaber
- IIIrd Medical Department with Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oncologic Center, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Salzburg Cancer Research Institute with Laboratory of Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research and Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials, Salzburg, Austria
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Iris Karina Gratz
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Heike Mrowetz
- Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Ariane Benedetti
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Institute of Experimental Neuroregeneration, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Diana Marisa Bessa de Sousa
- Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Richard Greil
- IIIrd Medical Department with Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oncologic Center, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Salzburg Cancer Research Institute with Laboratory of Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research and Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials, Salzburg, Austria
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Alexander Egle
- IIIrd Medical Department with Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oncologic Center, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Salzburg Cancer Research Institute with Laboratory of Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research and Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials, Salzburg, Austria
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - David Gate
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Veterans Administration Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA; and
| | - Tony Wyss-Coray
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Veterans Administration Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA; and
| | - Ludwig Aigner
- Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria;
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
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17
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Immune Cells in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Heart Lung Circ 2022; 31:934-943. [PMID: 35361533 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a complex and serious cardiopulmonary disease; it is characterised by increased pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular remodelling accompanied by disordered endothelial and smooth muscle cell proliferation within pulmonary arterioles and arteries. Although recent reports have suggested that dysregulated immunity and inflammation are key players in PAH pathogenesis, their roles in PAH progression remain unclear. Intriguingly, altered host immune cell distribution, number, and polarisation within the lung arterial vasculature have been linked to disease development. This review mainly focusses on the roles of different immune cells in PAH and discusses the underlying mechanisms.
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18
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Zander R, Kasmani MY, Chen Y, Topchyan P, Shen J, Zheng S, Burns R, Ingram J, Cui C, Joshi N, Craft J, Zajac A, Cui W. Tfh-cell-derived interleukin 21 sustains effector CD8 + T cell responses during chronic viral infection. Immunity 2022; 55:475-493.e5. [PMID: 35216666 PMCID: PMC8916994 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
CD4+ T cell-derived interleukin 21 (IL-21) sustains CD8+ T cell responses during chronic viral infection, but the helper subset that confers this protection remains unclear. Here, we applied scRNA and ATAC-seq approaches to determine the heterogeneity of IL-21+CD4+ T cells during LCMV clone 13 infection. CD4+ T cells were comprised of three transcriptionally and epigenetically distinct populations: Cxcr6+ Th1 cells, Cxcr5+ Tfh cells, and a previously unrecognized Slamf6+ memory-like (Tml) subset. T cell differentiation was specifically redirected toward the Tml subset during chronic, but not acute, LCMV infection. Although this subset displayed an enhanced capacity to accumulate and some developmental plasticity, it remained largely quiescent, which may hinder its helper potential. Conversely, mixed bone marrow chimera experiments revealed that Tfh cell-derived IL-21 was critical to sustain CD8+ T cell responses and viral control. Thus, strategies that bolster IL-21+Tfh cell responses may prove effective in enhancing CD8+ T cell-mediated immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Zander
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Moujtaba Y Kasmani
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Yao Chen
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Paytsar Topchyan
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Jian Shen
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Shikan Zheng
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Robert Burns
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Jennifer Ingram
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Can Cui
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Nikhil Joshi
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Joseph Craft
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Allan Zajac
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Weiguo Cui
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
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19
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Saini A, Ghoneim HE, Lio CWJ, Collins PL, Oltz EM. Gene Regulatory Circuits in Innate and Adaptive Immune Cells. Annu Rev Immunol 2022; 40:387-411. [PMID: 35119910 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-101320-025949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cell identity and function largely rely on the programming of transcriptomes during development and differentiation. Signature gene expression programs are orchestrated by regulatory circuits consisting of cis-acting promoters and enhancers, which respond to a plethora of cues via the action of transcription factors. In turn, transcription factors direct epigenetic modifications to revise chromatin landscapes, and drive contacts between distal promoter-enhancer combinations. In immune cells, regulatory circuits for effector genes are especially complex and flexible, utilizing distinct sets of transcription factors and enhancers, depending on the cues each cell type receives during an infection, after sensing cellular damage, or upon encountering a tumor. Here, we review major players in the coordination of gene regulatory programs within innate and adaptive immune cells, as well as integrative omics approaches that can be leveraged to decipher their underlying circuitry. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Immunology, Volume 40 is April 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Saini
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity and Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; ,
| | - Hazem E Ghoneim
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity and Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; ,
| | - Chan-Wang Jerry Lio
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity and Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; ,
| | - Patrick L Collins
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity and Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; ,
| | - Eugene M Oltz
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity and Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; ,
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20
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Wittner J, Schulz SR, Steinmetz TD, Berges J, Hauke M, Channell WM, Cunningham AF, Hauser AE, Hutloff A, Mielenz D, Jäck HM, Schuh W. Krüppel-like factor 2 controls IgA plasma cell compartmentalization and IgA responses. Mucosal Immunol 2022; 15:668-682. [PMID: 35347229 PMCID: PMC9259478 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-022-00503-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) is a potent regulator of lymphocyte differentiation, activation and migration. However, its functional role in adaptive and humoral immunity remains elusive. Therefore, by using mice with a B cell-specific deletion of KLF2, we investigated plasma cell differentiation and antibody responses. We revealed that the deletion of KLF2 resulted in perturbed IgA plasma cell compartmentalization, characterized by the absence of IgA plasma cells in the bone marrow, their reductions in the spleen, the blood and the lamina propria of the colon and the small intestine, concomitant with their accumulation and retention in mesenteric lymph nodes and Peyer's patches. Most intriguingly, secretory IgA in the intestinal lumen was almost absent, dimeric serum IgA was drastically reduced and antigen-specific IgA responses to soluble Salmonella flagellin were blunted in KLF2-deficient mice. Perturbance of IgA plasma cell localization was caused by deregulation of CCR9, Integrin chains αM, α4, β7, and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors. Hence, KLF2 not only orchestrates the localization of IgA plasma cells by fine-tuning chemokine receptors and adhesion molecules but also controls IgA responses to Salmonella flagellin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Wittner
- grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Division of Molecular Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Nikolaus-Fiebiger Center, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian R. Schulz
- grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Division of Molecular Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Nikolaus-Fiebiger Center, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tobit D. Steinmetz
- grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Division of Molecular Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Nikolaus-Fiebiger Center, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Johannes Berges
- grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Division of Molecular Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Nikolaus-Fiebiger Center, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Manuela Hauke
- grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Division of Molecular Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Nikolaus-Fiebiger Center, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - William M. Channell
- grid.6572.60000 0004 1936 7486Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Adam F. Cunningham
- grid.6572.60000 0004 1936 7486Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Anja E. Hauser
- grid.6363.00000 0001 2218 4662Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany ,grid.418217.90000 0000 9323 8675Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Hutloff
- grid.412468.d0000 0004 0646 2097Institute of Immunology and Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Dirk Mielenz
- grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Division of Molecular Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Nikolaus-Fiebiger Center, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hans-Martin Jäck
- grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Division of Molecular Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Nikolaus-Fiebiger Center, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schuh
- grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Division of Molecular Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Nikolaus-Fiebiger Center, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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21
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Horton BL, Morgan DM, Momin N, Zagorulya M, Torres-Mejia E, Bhandarkar V, Wittrup KD, Love JC, Spranger S. Lack of CD8 + T cell effector differentiation during priming mediates checkpoint blockade resistance in non-small cell lung cancer. Sci Immunol 2021; 6:eabi8800. [PMID: 34714687 PMCID: PMC10786005 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abi8800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) is associated with programmed cell death ligand 1 expression that is induced by interferon-γ–producing, tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells. However, not all tumors with a CD8+ T cell infiltrate respond to ICB, and little is known about the mechanisms governing ICB resistance in T cell–infiltrated NSCLC. We used an orthotopic NSCLC mouse model to study ICB-refractory CD8+ T cell responses. Single-cell RNA sequencing of the NSCLC mouse tumors revealed that lung cancer–specific tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells exhibited clonal expansion but lacked expression of genes associated with effector and exhausted T cell responses, indicating that they underwent a differentiation program distinct from conventional T cell exhaustion. This lung cancer–specific T cell dysfunction program was established early during priming in the mediastinal lymph node and was characterized by robust proliferation but a failed up-regulation of effector and exhausted T cell characteristics. Intriguingly, CD8+ T cells from patients with NSCLC expressed an analogous gene expression program, which appeared distinct from conventional T cell exhaustion. Administration of recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IL-12 was sufficient to restore effector T cell differentiation and induce control of KP lung tumors. These findings imply that a CD8+ T cell differentiation trajectory, activated during T cell priming in the mediastinal lymph node, limits the response of CD8+ T cells to ICB and thereby may contribute to failure of ICB in a subset T cell–infiltrated NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan L. Horton
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Duncan M. Morgan
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Noor Momin
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Maria Zagorulya
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Elen Torres-Mejia
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Vidit Bhandarkar
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - K. Dane Wittrup
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - J. Christopher Love
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Stefani Spranger
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
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22
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Krüppel-like Factor 2 (KLF2) in Immune Cell Migration. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9101171. [PMID: 34696279 PMCID: PMC8539188 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9101171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2), a transcription factor of the krüppel-like family, is a key regulator of activation, differentiation, and migration processes in various cell types. In this review, we focus on the functional relevance of KLF2 in immune cell migration and homing. We summarize the key functions of KLF2 in the regulation of chemokine receptors and adhesion molecules and discuss the relevance of the KLF2-mediated control of immune cell migration in the context of immune responses, infections, and diseases.
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23
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Liu C, Ma L, Wang Y, Zhao J, Chen P, Chen X, Wang Y, Hu Y, Liu Y, Jia X, Yang Z, Yin X, Wu J, Wu S, Zheng H, Ma X, Sun X, He Y, Lin L, Fu Y, Liao K, Zhou X, Jiang S, Fu G, Tang J, Han W, Chen XL, Fan W, Hong Y, Han J, Huang X, Li BA, Xiao N, Xiao C, Fu G, Liu WH. Glycogen synthase kinase 3 drives thymocyte egress by suppressing β-catenin activation of Akt. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabg6262. [PMID: 34623920 PMCID: PMC8500522 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg6262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Molecular pathways controlling emigration of mature thymocytes from thymus to the periphery remain incompletely understood. Here, we show that T cell–specific ablation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) led to severely impaired thymic egress. In the absence of GSK3, β-catenin accumulated in the cytoplasm, where it associated with and activated Akt, leading to phosphorylation and degradation of Foxo1 and downregulation of Klf2 and S1P1 expression, thereby preventing emigration of thymocytes. A cytoplasmic membrane-localized β-catenin excluded from the nucleus promoted Akt activation, suggesting a new function of β-catenin independent of its role as a transcriptional activator. Furthermore, genetic ablation of β-catenin, retroviral expression of a dominant negative Akt mutant, and transgenic expression of a constitutively active Foxo1 restored emigration of GSK3-deficient thymocytes. Our findings establish an essential role for GSK3 in thymocyte egress and reveal a previously unidentified signaling function of β-catenin in the cytoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenfeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Lei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Yuxuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Jiayi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Pengda Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Xian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Yingxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Yanyan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Yun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Xian Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Zhanghua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Xingzhi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Jianfeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Suqin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Haiping Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Xiaohong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Xiufeng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Ying He
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Lianghua Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Yubing Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Kunyu Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Guofeng Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Jian Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Wei Han
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Xiao Lei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Wenzhu Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Yazhen Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Jiahuai Han
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Xiangyang Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Bo-An Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Nengming Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Changchun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Guo Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Wen-Hsien Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
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Genetic Predisposition to Persistent Human Papillomavirus-Infection and Virus-Induced Cancers. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9102092. [PMID: 34683414 PMCID: PMC8539927 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9102092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are the most common sexually transmitted pathogens worldwide and among the more than 200 identified HPV types, approximately 15 high risk (HR-HPV) types are oncogenic, being strongly associated with the development of cervical cancer, anogenital cancers and an increasing fraction of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). HPV-associated cervix cancer accounts for 83% of HPV-attributable cancers, and more than two-thirds of those cases occur in developing countries. Despite the high frequency of HPV infections, in most cases, the virus is cleared by the host immune response and only a small proportion of infected individuals develop persistent infections that can result in malignant transformation, indicating that other elements, including biological, genetic and environmental factors may influence the individual susceptibility to HPV-associated cancers. Previous studies have quantified that heritability, in the form of genetic variants, common in the general population, is implicated in nearly 30% of cervical cancers and a large number of studies conducted across various populations have identified genetic variants that appear to be associated with genes that predispose or protect the host to HPV infections thereby affecting individual susceptibility to HPV-associated cancers. In this article, we provide an overview of gene association studies on HPV-associated cancers with emphasis on genome-wide association study (GWAS) that have identified novel genetic factors linked to HPV infection or HPV-associated cancers.
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Paparella ML, Ferri DM, Villegas KM, Raimondi AR. Quantitative analysis of KLF4 and SOX2 expression in oral carcinomas reveals independent association with oral tongue subsite location and histological grade. Cancer Biomark 2021; 32:37-48. [PMID: 34092609 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-203086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stemness factors associated with tumorigenesis in different types of cancers have not been specifically studied in oral tongue SCC (OTSSC). Here, we aimed to quantify expression levels and distribution of KLF4 and SOX2, two relevant stemness factors, in oral SCC including OTSCC samples from different subsites. METHODS AND RESULTS We determined KLF4 and SOX2 expression levels by immunostaining 35 biopsies of OSCC. Stained wholeslide images were digitized and subjected to automatic cell detection and unbiased quantification using Qupath software. We found statistically significant reduction in KLF4 positive cells density (p= 0.024), and fraction (p= 0.022) in OTSCC from tongue borders compared with other tongue subsites. Instead, quantitative SOX2 analysis did not show differences in expression levels between OTSCC from the borders versus OTSCC developed in others subsites. Notably SOX2 expression was revealed increased in moderately and poorly differentiated OSCC compared with well differentiated ones (positive cells density p= 0.025, fraction p= 0.006). No significant correlation between KLF4 and SOX2 expression was observed, neither in OSCC nor in OTSCC. CONCLUSIONS KLF4 and SOX2 exhibit opposite expression profiles regarding subsite localization and differentiation level in OSCC. Our study prompts future OTSCC prospective studies looking for clinical prognosis to incorporate detailed subsite information in the analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Luisa Paparella
- School of Dentistry, Oral Pathology Department, Surgical Pathology Laboratory, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Dario Martin Ferri
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE-UBACONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires y Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Krissya María Villegas
- School of Dentistry, Oral Pathology Department, Surgical Pathology Laboratory, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana Rosa Raimondi
- School of Dentistry, Oral Pathology Department, Surgical Pathology Laboratory, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE-UBACONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires y Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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26
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Milner JJ, Toma C, Quon S, Omilusik K, Scharping NE, Dey A, Reina-Campos M, Nguyen H, Getzler AJ, Diao H, Yu B, Delpoux A, Yoshida TM, Li D, Qi J, Vincek A, Hedrick SM, Egawa T, Zhou MM, Crotty S, Ozato K, Pipkin ME, Goldrath AW. Bromodomain protein BRD4 directs and sustains CD8 T cell differentiation during infection. J Exp Med 2021; 218:e20202512. [PMID: 34037670 PMCID: PMC8160575 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20202512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In response to infection, pathogen-specific CD8 T cells differentiate into functionally diverse effector and memory T cell populations critical for resolving disease and providing durable immunity. Through small-molecule inhibition, RNAi studies, and induced genetic deletion, we reveal an essential role for the chromatin modifier and BET family member BRD4 in supporting the differentiation and maintenance of terminally fated effector CD8 T cells during infection. BRD4 bound diverse regulatory regions critical to effector T cell differentiation and controlled transcriptional activity of terminal effector-specific super-enhancers in vivo. Consequentially, induced deletion of Brd4 or small molecule-mediated BET inhibition impaired maintenance of a terminal effector T cell phenotype. BRD4 was also required for terminal differentiation of CD8 T cells in the tumor microenvironment in murine models, which we show has implications for immunotherapies. Taken together, these data reveal an unappreciated requirement for BRD4 in coordinating activity of cis regulatory elements to control CD8 T cell fate and lineage stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Justin Milner
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Clara Toma
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Sara Quon
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Kyla Omilusik
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Nicole E. Scharping
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Anup Dey
- Division of Developmental Biology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Miguel Reina-Campos
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Hongtuyet Nguyen
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Adam J. Getzler
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL
| | - Huitian Diao
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL
| | - Bingfei Yu
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Arnaud Delpoux
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Tomomi M. Yoshida
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Deyao Li
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jun Qi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Adam Vincek
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Stephen M. Hedrick
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Takeshi Egawa
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Ming-Ming Zhou
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Shane Crotty
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Keiko Ozato
- Division of Developmental Biology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Matthew E. Pipkin
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL
| | - Ananda W. Goldrath
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
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27
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Chen L, Huang R, Li Y, Li Y, Li Y, Liao L, He L, Zhu Z, Wang Y. Genome-wide identification, evolution of Krüppel-like factors (klfs) and their expressions during GCRV challenge in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodonidella). DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 120:104062. [PMID: 33667530 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) are a family of transcription factors containing three highly conserved tandem zinc finger structures, and each member participates in multiple physiological and pathological processes. The publication of genome sequences and the application of bioinformatics tools have led to the discovery of numerous gene families in fishes. Here, 24 klf genes were re-annotated in grass carp. Subsequently, the number of klf family members were investigated in some representative vertebrate species. Then, a series of bioinformatics analysis showed that grass carp klfs in the same subfamily had similar genome structure patterns and conserved distribution patterns of motifs, which supported their molecular evolutionary relationships. Furthermore, the mRNA expression profiles showed that 24 grass carp klfs were ubiquitously expressed in 11 different tissues, and some of them displayed tissue-enriched expression patterns. Finally, the expressions of the evolutionarily expanded klf members (klf2a, 2b, 2l, 5a, 5b, 5l, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b, 15 and 15l) during GCRV infection were also analyzed. The results suggested that grass carp klf genes with common evolutionary sources may share functional diversity and conservation. In conclusion, this study provides preliminary clues for further researches on grass carp klf members and their underlying transcriptional regulatory mechanisms during GCRV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Rong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Yangyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yangyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yongming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Lanjie Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Libo He
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zuoyan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
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A functional screen identifies transcriptional networks that regulate HIV-1 and HIV-2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2012835118. [PMID: 33836568 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2012835118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular networks involved in the regulation of HIV replication, transcription, and latency remain incompletely defined. To expand our understanding of these networks, we performed an unbiased high-throughput yeast one-hybrid screen, which identified 42 human transcription factors and 85 total protein-DNA interactions with HIV-1 and HIV-2 long terminal repeats. We investigated a subset of these transcription factors for transcriptional activity in cell-based models of infection. KLF2 and KLF3 repressed HIV-1 and HIV-2 transcription in CD4+ T cells, whereas PLAGL1 activated transcription of HIV-2 through direct protein-DNA interactions. Using computational modeling with interacting proteins, we leveraged the results from our screen to identify putative pathways that define intrinsic transcriptional networks. Overall, we used a high-throughput functional screen, computational modeling, and biochemical assays to identify and confirm several candidate transcription factors and biochemical processes that influence HIV-1 and HIV-2 transcription and latency.
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29
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Choi J, Crotty S. Bcl6-Mediated Transcriptional Regulation of Follicular Helper T cells (T FH). Trends Immunol 2021; 42:336-349. [PMID: 33663954 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Follicular helper T cells (TFH) are essential B cell-help providers in the formation of germinal centers (GCs), affinity maturation of GC B cells, differentiation of high-affinity antibody-producing plasma cells, and production of memory B cells. The transcription factor (TF) B cell lymphoma 6 (Bcl6) is at the center of gene regulation in TFH biology, including differentiation and function, but how Bcl6 does this, and what additional TFs contribute, remain complex questions. This review focuses on advances in our understanding of Bcl6-mediated gene regulation of TFH functions, and the modulation of TFH by other TFs. These advances may have important implications in deciphering how repressor TFs can regulate many immunological cell types. An improved understanding of TFH biology will likely provide insights into biomedically relevant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyong Choi
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Shane Crotty
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA, USA.
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30
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Tian Y, Zeng Z, Li X, Wang Y, Chen R, Mattijssen S, Gaidamakov S, Wu Y, Maraia RJ, Peng W, Zhu J. Transcriptome-wide stability analysis uncovers LARP4-mediated NFκB1 mRNA stabilization during T cell activation. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:8724-8739. [PMID: 32735645 PMCID: PMC7470963 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
T cell activation is a well-established model for studying cellular responses to exogenous stimulation. Motivated by our previous finding that intron retention (IR) could lead to transcript instability, in this study, we performed BruChase-Seq to experimentally monitor the expression dynamics of nascent transcripts in resting and activated CD4+ T cells. Computational modeling was then applied to quantify the stability of spliced and intron-retained transcripts on a genome-wide scale. Beyond substantiating that intron-retained transcripts were considerably less stable than spliced transcripts, we found a global stabilization of spliced mRNAs upon T cell activation, although the stability of intron-retained transcripts remained relatively constant. In addition, we identified that La-related protein 4 (LARP4), an RNA-binding protein (RBP) known to enhance mRNA stability, was involved in T cell activation-dependent mRNA stabilization. Knocking out Larp4 in mice destabilized Nfκb1 mRNAs and reduced secretion of interleukin-2 (IL2) and interferon-gamma (IFNγ), two factors critical for T cell proliferation and function. We propose that coordination between splicing regulation and mRNA stability may provide a novel paradigm to control spatiotemporal gene expression during T cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tian
- Department of Physics, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- Systems Biology Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Zhouhao Zeng
- Department of Physics, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Physics, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Yiyin Wang
- Systems Biology Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Runsen Chen
- Systems Biology Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Sandy Mattijssen
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sergei Gaidamakov
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yuzhang Wu
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Richard J Maraia
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Weiqun Peng
- Department of Physics, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Jun Zhu
- Systems Biology Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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31
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Kurd NS, He Z, Louis TL, Milner JJ, Omilusik KD, Jin W, Tsai MS, Widjaja CE, Kanbar JN, Olvera JG, Tysl T, Quezada LK, Boland BS, Huang WJ, Murre C, Goldrath AW, Yeo GW, Chang JT. Early precursors and molecular determinants of tissue-resident memory CD8 + T lymphocytes revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing. Sci Immunol 2020; 5:eaaz6894. [PMID: 32414833 PMCID: PMC7341730 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aaz6894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
During an immune response to microbial infection, CD8+ T cells give rise to distinct classes of cellular progeny that coordinately mediate clearance of the pathogen and provide long-lasting protection against reinfection, including a subset of noncirculating tissue-resident memory (TRM) cells that mediate potent protection within nonlymphoid tissues. Here, we used single-cell RNA sequencing to examine the gene expression patterns of individual CD8+ T cells in the spleen and small intestine intraepithelial lymphocyte (siIEL) compartment throughout the course of their differentiation in response to viral infection. These analyses revealed previously unknown transcriptional heterogeneity within the siIEL CD8+ T cell population at several stages of differentiation, representing functionally distinct TRM cell subsets and a subset of TRM cell precursors within the tissue early in infection. Together, these findings may inform strategies to optimize CD8+ T cell responses to protect against microbial infection and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia S Kurd
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Zhaoren He
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Division of Biologic Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tiani L Louis
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - J Justin Milner
- Division of Biologic Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kyla D Omilusik
- Division of Biologic Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Wenhao Jin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Matthew S Tsai
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Jad N Kanbar
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jocelyn G Olvera
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tiffani Tysl
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lauren K Quezada
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Brigid S Boland
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Wendy J Huang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Cornelis Murre
- Division of Biologic Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ananda W Goldrath
- Division of Biologic Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gene W Yeo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - John T Chang
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Division of Gastroenterology, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
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32
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Yan M, Liu H, Xu J, Cen X, Wang Q, Xu W, Wang W, Qiu Z, Ou J, Dong Y, Zhu P, Ren H, He F, Wang M. Expression of human Krüppel-like factor 3 in peripheral blood as a promising biomarker for acute leukemia. Cancer Med 2020; 9:2803-2811. [PMID: 32101374 PMCID: PMC7163096 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Universal gene targets are in persistent demand by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR)‐based methods in acute leukemia (AL) diagnosis and monitoring. Human Krüppel‐like factor 3 (hKLF3), a newly cloned human transcription factor, has proved to be a regulator of hematopoiesis. Methods Sanger sequencing was performed in bone marrow (BM) samples from 17 AL patients for mutations in hKLF3 coding exons. hKLF3 expression in peripheral blood (PB) and BM samples from 45 AL patients was dynamically detected by RT‐qPCR. PB samples from 31 healthy donors were tested as normal controls. Results No mutation was sequenced in hKLF3 coding exons. hKLF3 expression in PB of AL was significantly lower than that in healthy donors [0.30 (0.02‐1.07) vs 1.18 (0.62‐3.37), P < .0001]. Primary acute myeloid leukemia (AML) exhibited the least expression values compared with secondary AML and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses suggested that hKLF3 expression in PB was a good marker for AML diagnosis with an AUC of 0.99 (95% CI 0.98‐1.00) and an optimum cutoff value of 0.67 (sensitivity 93.94% and specificity 93.55%). hKLF3 expression was upregulated significantly when AML patients acquired morphological complete remission (CR), and the level of hKLF3 seemed to be higher in patients with deeper CR than in patients with minimal residual disease (MRD). Paired PB and BM samples showed highly consistent alteration in hKLF3 expression (r = .6533, P = .001). Besides, a significantly converse correlation between decreased hKLF3 expression in PB and markers for leukemic load was observed. Conclusions hKLF3 expression in PB may act as a potential marker for AL diagnosis and monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yan
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huihui Liu
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Junhui Xu
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xinan Cen
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weilin Xu
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wensheng Wang
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhixiang Qiu
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jinping Ou
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yujun Dong
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hanyun Ren
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fuchu He
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mangju Wang
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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33
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ElTanbouly MA, Zhao Y, Nowak E, Li J, Schaafsma E, Le Mercier I, Ceeraz S, Lines JL, Peng C, Carriere C, Huang X, Day M, Koehn B, Lee SW, Silva Morales M, Hogquist KA, Jameson SC, Mueller D, Rothstein J, Blazar BR, Cheng C, Noelle RJ. VISTA is a checkpoint regulator for naïve T cell quiescence and peripheral tolerance. Science 2020; 367:eaay0524. [PMID: 31949051 PMCID: PMC7391053 DOI: 10.1126/science.aay0524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Negative checkpoint regulators (NCRs) temper the T cell immune response to self-antigens and limit the development of autoimmunity. Unlike all other NCRs that are expressed on activated T lymphocytes, V-type immunoglobulin domain-containing suppressor of T cell activation (VISTA) is expressed on naïve T cells. We report an unexpected heterogeneity within the naïve T cell compartment in mice, where loss of VISTA disrupted the major quiescent naïve T cell subset and enhanced self-reactivity. Agonistic VISTA engagement increased T cell tolerance by promoting antigen-induced peripheral T cell deletion. Although a critical player in naïve T cell homeostasis, the ability of VISTA to restrain naïve T cell responses was lost under inflammatory conditions. VISTA is therefore a distinctive NCR of naïve T cells that is critical for steady-state maintenance of quiescence and peripheral tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A ElTanbouly
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Yanding Zhao
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Elizabeth Nowak
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | | | - Evelien Schaafsma
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | | | - Sabrina Ceeraz
- Immunology Discovery, Janssen Research and Development LLC, Spring House, PA, USA
| | - J Louise Lines
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Changwei Peng
- Division of Rheumatic and Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- The Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Xin Huang
- ImmuNext Corporation, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Maria Day
- ImmuNext Corporation, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Brent Koehn
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Sam W Lee
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Milagros Silva Morales
- Division of Rheumatic and Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kristin A Hogquist
- Division of Rheumatic and Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- The Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Stephen C Jameson
- Division of Rheumatic and Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- The Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Daniel Mueller
- Division of Rheumatic and Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- The Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Bruce R Blazar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Chao Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Randolph J Noelle
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA.
- ImmuNext Corporation, Lebanon, NH, USA
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Leng Z, Li Y, Zhou G, Lv X, Ai W, Li J, Hou L. Krüppel-like factor 4 regulates stemness and mesenchymal properties of colorectal cancer stem cells through the TGF-β1/Smad/snail pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:1866-1877. [PMID: 31830379 PMCID: PMC6991673 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) was closely associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition and stemness in colorectal cancer stem cells (CSCs)-enriched spheroid cells. Nonetheless, the underlying molecular mechanism is unclear. This study showed that KLF4 overexpression was accompanied with stemness and mesenchymal features in Lgr5+ CD44+ EpCAM+ colorectal CSCs. KLF4 knockdown suppressed stemness, mesenchymal features and activation of the TGF-β1 pathway, whereas enforced KLF4 overexpression activated TGF-β1, phosphorylation of Smad 2/3 and Snail expression, and restored stemness and mesenchymal phenotypes. Furthermore, TGF-β1 pathway inhibition invalidated KLF4-facilitated stemness and mesenchymal features without affecting KLF4 expression. The data from the current study are the first to demonstrate that KLF4 maintains stemness and mesenchymal properties through the TGF-β1/Smad/Snail pathway in Lgr5+ CD44+ EpCAM+ colorectal CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwei Leng
- Northeast Sichuan Acute Pancreatic Research CenterNorth Sichuan Medical CollegeSichuanChina
- Cancer Stem Cells Research CenterAffiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical CollegeSichuanChina
| | - Yong Li
- Northeast Sichuan Acute Pancreatic Research CenterNorth Sichuan Medical CollegeSichuanChina
| | - Guojun Zhou
- Northeast Sichuan Acute Pancreatic Research CenterNorth Sichuan Medical CollegeSichuanChina
| | - Xiaojiang Lv
- Northeast Sichuan Acute Pancreatic Research CenterNorth Sichuan Medical CollegeSichuanChina
| | - Walden Ai
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Health ScienceBenedict CollegeColumbiaSCUSA
| | - Jianshui Li
- Northeast Sichuan Acute Pancreatic Research CenterNorth Sichuan Medical CollegeSichuanChina
| | - Lingmi Hou
- Northeast Sichuan Acute Pancreatic Research CenterNorth Sichuan Medical CollegeSichuanChina
- Cancer Stem Cells Research CenterAffiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical CollegeSichuanChina
- Thyriod and Breast SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical CollegeSichuanChina
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Feng FM, Zhang L. Analysis of KLF5 expression and its prognostic significance in gastric cancer based on Oncomine and Kaplan-Meier Plotter. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2019; 27:734-741. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v27.i12.734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is a common malignancy of the digestive system. Most patients with advanced GC have a poor prognosis and lack of prognostic predictors.
AIM To analyze the expression of Kruppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) in GC and its correlation with patient prognosis by using Oncomie and Kaplan-Meier Plotter databases.
METHODS The data sets of KLF5 gene expression in Oncomie and Kaplan-Meier Plotter databases were collected. The differential expression of KLF5 gene in GC tissues was deeply mined. According to the median expression level of KLF5, the patients were divided into a high-expression group and low-expression group. Survival curves were drawn and log-rank test was used to compare the overall survival and disease-free survival of the two groups. Meanwhile, the clinical data of 41 patients with GC treated at our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The expression of KLF5 in the 41 patients with GC was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the relationship between the expression of KLF5 and the clinicopathological characteristics of patients was analyzed.
RESULTS A total of 424 studies on KLF5 gene expression were collected in Oncomine database, of which 35 showed differential expression of KLF5 in normal vs cancer tissues. Compared with normal tissues, 8 datasets showed that KLF5 was highly expressed in cancer tissues and 27 datasets showed low expression in cancer tissues. Cluster analysis showed that KLF5 was co-expressed with 20 genes such as ST14 and TMEM125 (co-down-regulated or up-regulated), suggesting that these co-expressed genes might be functionally related. The differential expression of KLF5 gene in GC tissues was analyzed by using 10 data sets of KLF5 expression chips from Oncomine database. Four of them indicated that the expression level of KLF5 in GC tissues was significantly increased. In the Kaplan-Meier Plotter database, two related gene chips were used to analyze the relationship between the expression of KLF5 and the prognosis of GC patients. The long-rank test showed that the overall survival and disease-free survival of patients with high expression of KLF5 were less than those of patients with low expression (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemical analysis showed that 29 (70.7%) of 41 patients with GC were KLF5 positive. There was no significant correlation between KLF5 positive expression and clinicopathological features such as gender, age, tumor stage, or tumor grade (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION The high expression of KLF5 in GC is associated with a poor prognosis, although the expression of KLF5 is not related to the clinicopathological characteristics of GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Mei Feng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tianjin Baodi District People's Hospital, Tianjin 301800, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tianjin Baodi District People's Hospital, Tianjin 301800, China
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Chokeshaiusaha K, Sananmuang T, Puthier D, Nguyen C. An innovative approach to predict immune-associated genes mutually targeted by cow and human milk microRNAs expression profiles. Vet World 2018; 11:1203-1209. [PMID: 30410222 PMCID: PMC6200572 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.1203-1209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Milk is rich in miRNAs - the endogenous small non-coding RNA responsible for gene post-transcriptional silencing. Milk miRNAs were previously evidenced to affect consumer’s immune response. While most studies relied on a few well-characterized milk miRNAs to relate their immunoregulatory roles on target genes among mammals, this study introduced a procedure to predict the target genes based on overall milk miRNA expression profiles - the miRNome data of cow and human. Materials and Methods: Cow and human milk miRNome expression datasets of cow and human milk lipids at 2, 4, and 6 months of lactation periods were preprocessed and predicted for their target genes using TargetScanHuman. Enrichment analysis was performed using target genes to extract the immune-associated gene ontology (GO) terms shared between the two species. The genes within these terms with more than 50 different miRNAs of each species targeting were selected and reviewed for their immunological functions. Results: A total of 146 and 129 miRNAs were identified in cow and human milk with several miRNAs reproduced from other previous reports. Enrichment analysis revealed nine immune-related GO terms shared between cow and human (adjusted p≤0.01). There were 14 genes related to these terms with more than 50 miRNA genes of each species targeting them. These genes were evidenced for their major roles in lymphocyte stimulation and differentiation. Conclusion: A novel procedure to determine mutual immune-associated genes targeted by milk miRNAs was demonstrated using cow and human milk miRNome data. As far as we know, this was the 1st time that milk miRNA target genes had been identified based on such cross-species approach. Hopefully, the introduced strategy should hereby facilitate a variety of cross-species miRNA studies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaj Chokeshaiusaha
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-OK, Chonburi, Thailand
| | - Thanida Sananmuang
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-OK, Chonburi, Thailand
| | - Denis Puthier
- Aix-Marseille Université, INSERM UMR 1090, TAGC, Marseille, France
| | - Catherine Nguyen
- Aix-Marseille Université, INSERM UMR 1090, TAGC, Marseille, France
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Wessels I, Maywald M, Rink L. Zinc as a Gatekeeper of Immune Function. Nutrients 2017; 9:E1286. [PMID: 29186856 PMCID: PMC5748737 DOI: 10.3390/nu9121286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 357] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
After the discovery of zinc deficiency in the 1960s, it soon became clear that zinc is essential for the function of the immune system. Zinc ions are involved in regulating intracellular signaling pathways in innate and adaptive immune cells. Zinc homeostasis is largely controlled via the expression and action of zinc "importers" (ZIP 1-14), zinc "exporters" (ZnT 1-10), and zinc-binding proteins. Anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties of zinc have long been documented, however, underlying mechanisms are still not entirely clear. Here, we report molecular mechanisms underlying the development of a pro-inflammatory phenotype during zinc deficiency. Furthermore, we describe links between altered zinc homeostasis and disease development. Consequently, the benefits of zinc supplementation for a malfunctioning immune system become clear. This article will focus on underlying mechanisms responsible for the regulation of cellular signaling by alterations in zinc homeostasis. Effects of fast zinc flux, intermediate "zinc waves", and late homeostatic zinc signals will be discriminated. Description of zinc homeostasis-related effects on the activation of key signaling molecules, as well as on epigenetic modifications, are included to emphasize the role of zinc as a gatekeeper of immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Wessels
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Martina Maywald
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Lothar Rink
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
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Resop RS, Douaisi M, Craft J, Jachimowski LCM, Blom B, Uittenbogaart CH. Sphingosine-1-phosphate/sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 signaling is required for migration of naive human T cells from the thymus to the periphery. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 138:551-557.e8. [PMID: 27056271 PMCID: PMC7007110 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.12.1339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanisms that govern the egress of mature thymocytes from the human thymus to the periphery remain understudied yet are of utmost importance to the field of basic immunology, as well as T-cell reconstitution in various immunodeficiencies. We examined the expression and function of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptors in human thymocyte egress. OBJECTIVES We aimed to determine whether S1P receptors (S1P-Rs) play a role in mature human thymocyte egress and to identify the thymocyte population or populations that express S1P-Rs and respond to S1P by migrating across a concentration gradient. METHODS Human thymocytes were exposed to S1P in Transwell plate migration assays coupled to flow cytometry to evaluate the response to S1P of thymocytes at different stages of maturation. Constitutive S1P-R expression was quantified by means of real-time PCR in sorted thymocyte subsets and flow cytometry. S1P-R1 and Kruppel-like factor 2 expression were monitored after S1P exposure by using flow cytometry and quantitative PCR. RESULTS S1P-R1 was the prevalent S1P receptor on mature human thymocytes (CD3(hi)CD27(+)CD69(-)), the population that also demonstrated the greatest response to S1P in migration assays. Pretreatment with FTY720, an S1P-R1 nonselective modulator significantly reduced migration and suggested a role for S1P-R2 in retaining thymocytes in the tissue. Lastly, surface S1P-R1 expression, as well S1PR1 and Kruppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) transcripts, were significantly decreased in mature thymocytes on exposure to S1P. CONCLUSION Mature human thymocytes rely on S1P-R1 to migrate toward S1P. Taken in the context of murine work demonstrating that S1P is required for thymocyte egress to the periphery, our data highlight a new key chemokine for human thymocyte egress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel S Resop
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif; UCLA AIDS Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Marc Douaisi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Joshua Craft
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif
| | | | - Bianca Blom
- Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christel H Uittenbogaart
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif; Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; UCLA AIDS Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, Calif; Department of Pediatrics, University of California Los Angeles, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carola G. Vinuesa
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia;
| | - Michelle A. Linterman
- Lymphocyte Signalling and Development Institute Strategic Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, United Kingdom;
| | - Di Yu
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunomodulation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Center for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia;
| | - Ian C.M. MacLennan
- School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
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Park CS, Shen Y, Lewis A, Lacorazza HD. Role of the reprogramming factor KLF4 in blood formation. J Leukoc Biol 2016; 99:673-85. [DOI: 10.1189/jlb.1ru1215-539r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Essential control of early B-cell development by Mef2 transcription factors. Blood 2015; 127:572-81. [PMID: 26660426 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-04-643270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The sequential activation of distinct developmental gene networks governs the ultimate identity of a cell, but the mechanisms involved in initiating downstream programs are incompletely understood. The pre-B-cell receptor (pre-BCR) is an important checkpoint of B-cell development and is essential for a pre-B cell to traverse into an immature B cell. Here, we show that activation of myocyte enhancer factor 2 (Mef2) transcription factors (TFs) by the pre-BCR is necessary for initiating the subsequent genetic network. We demonstrate that B-cell development is blocked at the pre-B-cell stage in mice deficient for Mef2c and Mef2d TFs and that pre-BCR signaling enhances the transcriptional activity of Mef2c/d through phosphorylation by the Erk5 mitogen-activating kinase. This activation is instrumental in inducing Krüppel-like factor 2 and several immediate early genes of the AP1 and Egr family. Finally, we show that Mef2 proteins cooperate with the products of their target genes (Irf4 and Egr2) to induce secondary waves of transcriptional regulation. Our findings uncover a novel role for Mef2c/d in coordinating the transcriptional network that promotes early B-cell development.
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Deregulated KLF4 Expression in Myeloid Leukemias Alters Cell Proliferation and Differentiation through MicroRNA and Gene Targets. Mol Cell Biol 2015; 36:559-73. [PMID: 26644403 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00712-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by increased proliferation and blocked differentiation of hematopoietic progenitors mediated, in part, by altered myeloid transcription factor expression. Decreased Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) expression has been observed in AML, but how decreased KLF4 contributes to AML pathogenesis is largely unknown. We demonstrate decreased KLF4 expression in AML patient samples with various cytogenetic aberrations, confirm that KLF4 overexpression promotes myeloid differentiation and inhibits cell proliferation in AML cell lines, and identify new targets of KLF4. We have demonstrated that microRNA 150 (miR-150) expression is decreased in AML and that reintroducing miR-150 expression induces myeloid differentiation and inhibits proliferation of AML cells. We show that KLF family DNA binding sites are necessary for miR-150 promoter activity and that KLF2 or KLF4 overexpression induces miR-150 expression. miR-150 silencing, alone or in combination with silencing of CDKN1A, a well-described KLF4 target, did not fully reverse KLF4-mediated effects. Gene expression profiling and validation identified putative KLF4-regulated genes, including decreased MYC and downstream MYC-regulated gene expression in KLF4-overexpressing cells. Our findings indicate that decreased KLF4 expression mediates antileukemic effects through regulation of gene and microRNA networks, containing miR-150, CDKN1A, and MYC, and provide mechanistic support for therapeutic strategies increasing KLF4 expression.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the relationships between Krüppel-like factors (KLF) 2 and 4, immune-activation, and subclinical vascular disease in HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART). DESIGN Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. METHODS We studied 74 HIV-infected adults on ART enrolled in a randomized clinical trial of statin therapy. KLF2 and KLF4 gene expression was measured by quantitative PCR from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) at baseline and after 24 weeks of 10 mg daily rosuvastatin or placebo. At the same time points, T-cell and monocyte activation were assessed by flow cytometry and vascular health was assessed by cardiac computed tomography and carotid ultrasound. RESULTS KLF4 expression was negatively correlated with duration of ART (r = -0.351, P = 0.004) and positively correlated with measures of immune activation: proinflammatory monocytes [CD14CD16 (r = 0.343, P = 0.003)], patrolling monocytes [CD14CD16 (r = 0.276, P = 0.017)], and activated CD8 T-lymphocytes [CD8DRCD38 (r = 0.264, P = 0.023)]. KLF2 expression was negatively correlated with subclinical atherosclerosis: mean-mean common carotid artery intima-media thickness (r = -0.231, P = 0.048), mean-max carotid artery intima-media thickness (r = -0.271, P = 0.020), and coronary artery calcium score (r = -0.254, P = 0.029). There were no statistically significant changes in KLF2/4 expression in PBMCs after 24 weeks of rosuvastatin. CONCLUSION Expression of KLF4 in PBMCs positively correlates with cellular markers of immune activation, whereas KLF2 expression negatively correlates with markers of subclinical atherosclerosis in this HIV-infected population on ART. Additional studies are needed to determine if targeted interventions might alter KLF2/4 expression to reduce inflammation and vascular risk in humans.
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Lee JY, Skon CN, Lee YJ, Oh S, Taylor JJ, Malhotra D, Jenkins MK, Rosenfeld MG, Hogquist KA, Jameson SC. The transcription factor KLF2 restrains CD4⁺ T follicular helper cell differentiation. Immunity 2015; 42:252-264. [PMID: 25692701 PMCID: PMC4409658 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2015.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are essential for efficient B cell responses, yet the factors that regulate differentiation of this CD4+ T cell subset are incompletely understood. Here we found that the KLF2 transcription factor serves to restrain Tfh cell generation. Induced KLF2 deficiency in activated CD4+ T cells led to increased Tfh cell generation and B cell priming, while KLF2 overexpression prevented Tfh cell production. KLF2 promotes expression of the trafficking receptor S1PR1, and S1PR1 downregulation is essential for efficient Tfh cell production. However, KLF2 also induced expression of the transcription factor Blimp-1, which repressed transcription factor Bcl-6 and thereby impaired Tfh cell differentiation. Furthermore, KLF2 induced expression of the transcription factors T-bet and GATA3 and enhanced Th1 differentiation. Hence, our data indicate KLF2 is pivotal for coordinating CD4+ T cell differentiation through two distinct and complementary mechanisms: via control of T cell localization, and by regulation of lineage-defining transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- June-Yong Lee
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA
| | - Cara N Skon
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA
| | - You Jeong Lee
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA
| | - Soohwan Oh
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Justin J Taylor
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA; Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA
| | - Deepali Malhotra
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA; Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA
| | - Marc K Jenkins
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA; Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA
| | - M Geoffrey Rosenfeld
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kristin A Hogquist
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA
| | - Stephen C Jameson
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA.
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Wang YH, Yang W, Yang JB, Jia YJ, Tang W, Gershwin ME, Ridgway WM, Lian ZX. Systems biologic analysis of T regulatory cells genetic pathways in murine primary biliary cirrhosis. J Autoimmun 2015; 59:26-37. [PMID: 25701076 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2015.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
CD4(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a non-redundant role in control of excessive immune responses, and defects in Tregs have been shown both in patients and murine models of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), a progressive autoimmune biliary disease. Herein, we took advantage of a murine model of PBC, the dominant negative transforming growth factor β receptor II (dnTGFβRII) mice, to assess Treg genetic defects and their functional effects in PBC. By using high-resolution microarrays with verification by PCR and protein expression, we found profound and wide-ranging differences between dnTGFβRII and normal, wild type Tregs. Critical transcription factors were down-regulated including Eos, Ahr, Klf2, Foxp1 in dnTGFβRII Tregs. Functionally, dnTGFβRII Tregs expressed an activated, pro-inflammatory phenotype with upregulation of Ccl5, Granzyme B and IFN-γ. Genetic pathway analysis suggested that the primary effect of loss of TGFβ pathway signaling was to down regulate immune regulatory processes, with a secondary upregulation of inflammatory processes. These findings provide new insights into T regulatory genetic defects; aberrations of the identified genes or genetic pathways should be investigated in human PBC Tregs. This approach which takes advantage of biologic pathway analysis illustrates the ability to identify genes/pathways that are affected both independently and dependent on abnormalities in TGFβ signaling. Such approaches will become increasingly useful in human autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Hu Wang
- Liver Immunology Laboratory, Institute of Immunology and The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
| | - Wei Yang
- Liver Immunology Laboratory, Institute of Immunology and The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
| | - Jing-Bo Yang
- Liver Immunology Laboratory, Institute of Immunology and The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
| | - Yan-Jie Jia
- Liver Immunology Laboratory, Institute of Immunology and The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
| | - Wei Tang
- Liver Immunology Laboratory, Institute of Immunology and The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
| | - M Eric Gershwin
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - William M Ridgway
- Division of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA.
| | - Zhe-Xiong Lian
- Liver Immunology Laboratory, Institute of Immunology and The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China; Innovation Center for Cell Biology, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
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Weber JP, Fuhrmann F, Feist RK, Lahmann A, Al Baz MS, Gentz LJ, Vu Van D, Mages HW, Haftmann C, Riedel R, Grün JR, Schuh W, Kroczek RA, Radbruch A, Mashreghi MF, Hutloff A. ICOS maintains the T follicular helper cell phenotype by down-regulating Krüppel-like factor 2. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 212:217-33. [PMID: 25646266 PMCID: PMC4322049 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20141432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
ICOS signaling is required for inhibition of the transcription factor Klf2, which controls expression of genes expressed by follicular T helper (Tfh) cells. When ICOS signaling is blocked, Tfh cells lose expression of characteristic Tfh genes and revert to an effector phenotype, resulting in disruption of the germinal center response. The co-stimulators ICOS (inducible T cell co-stimulator) and CD28 are both important for T follicular helper (TFH) cells, yet their individual contributions are unclear. Here, we show that each molecule plays an exclusive role at different stages of TFH cell development. While CD28 regulated early expression of the master transcription factor Bcl-6, ICOS co-stimulation was essential to maintain the phenotype by regulating the novel TFH transcription factor Klf2 via Foxo1. Klf2 directly binds to Cxcr5, Ccr7, Psgl-1, and S1pr1, and low levels of Klf2 were essential to maintain this typical TFH homing receptor pattern. Blocking ICOS resulted in relocation of fully developed TFH cells back to the T cell zone and reversion of their phenotype to non-TFH effector cells, which ultimately resulted in breakdown of the germinal center response. Our study describes for the first time the exclusive role of ICOS and its downstream signaling in the maintenance of TFH cells by controlling their anatomical localization in the B cell follicle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan P Weber
- Chronic Immune Reactions, Cell Biology, and Bioinformatics, German Rheumatism Research Centre, a Leibniz Institute, 10117 Berlin, Germany Molecular Immunology, Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Franziska Fuhrmann
- Chronic Immune Reactions, Cell Biology, and Bioinformatics, German Rheumatism Research Centre, a Leibniz Institute, 10117 Berlin, Germany Molecular Immunology, Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Randi K Feist
- Chronic Immune Reactions, Cell Biology, and Bioinformatics, German Rheumatism Research Centre, a Leibniz Institute, 10117 Berlin, Germany Molecular Immunology, Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Annette Lahmann
- Chronic Immune Reactions, Cell Biology, and Bioinformatics, German Rheumatism Research Centre, a Leibniz Institute, 10117 Berlin, Germany Molecular Immunology, Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maysun S Al Baz
- Chronic Immune Reactions, Cell Biology, and Bioinformatics, German Rheumatism Research Centre, a Leibniz Institute, 10117 Berlin, Germany Molecular Immunology, Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lea-Jean Gentz
- Chronic Immune Reactions, Cell Biology, and Bioinformatics, German Rheumatism Research Centre, a Leibniz Institute, 10117 Berlin, Germany Molecular Immunology, Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dana Vu Van
- Chronic Immune Reactions, Cell Biology, and Bioinformatics, German Rheumatism Research Centre, a Leibniz Institute, 10117 Berlin, Germany Molecular Immunology, Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans W Mages
- Molecular Immunology, Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Haftmann
- Chronic Immune Reactions, Cell Biology, and Bioinformatics, German Rheumatism Research Centre, a Leibniz Institute, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - René Riedel
- Chronic Immune Reactions, Cell Biology, and Bioinformatics, German Rheumatism Research Centre, a Leibniz Institute, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim R Grün
- Chronic Immune Reactions, Cell Biology, and Bioinformatics, German Rheumatism Research Centre, a Leibniz Institute, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schuh
- Division of Molecular Immunology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Radbruch
- Chronic Immune Reactions, Cell Biology, and Bioinformatics, German Rheumatism Research Centre, a Leibniz Institute, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mir-Farzin Mashreghi
- Chronic Immune Reactions, Cell Biology, and Bioinformatics, German Rheumatism Research Centre, a Leibniz Institute, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Hutloff
- Chronic Immune Reactions, Cell Biology, and Bioinformatics, German Rheumatism Research Centre, a Leibniz Institute, 10117 Berlin, Germany Molecular Immunology, Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany
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47
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Beck TC, Gomes AC, Cyster JG, Pereira JP. CXCR4 and a cell-extrinsic mechanism control immature B lymphocyte egress from bone marrow. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 211:2567-81. [PMID: 25403444 PMCID: PMC4267240 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20140457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Joao Pereira and colleagues at Yale University show that B cell egress from bone marrow is a passive process, similar to that of red blood cells. Immature B cells that approached bone marrow sinusoids decreased their expression of CXCR4 and rounded up, allowing them to be passively swept away. Leukocyte residence in lymphoid organs is controlled by a balance between retention and egress-promoting chemoattractants sensed by pertussis toxin (PTX)–sensitive Gαi protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs). Here, we use two-photon intravital microscopy to show that immature B cell retention within bone marrow (BM) was strictly dependent on amoeboid motility mediated by CXCR4 and CXCL12 and by α4β1 integrin–mediated adhesion to VCAM-1. However, B lineage cell egress from BM is independent of PTX-sensitive GPCR signaling. B lineage cells expressing PTX rapidly exited BM even though their motility within BM parenchyma was significantly reduced. Our experiments reveal that when immature B cells are near BM sinusoids their motility is reduced, their morphology is predominantly rounded, and cells reverse transmigrate across sinusoidal endothelium in a largely nonamoeboid manner. Immature B cell egress from BM was dependent on a twofold CXCR4 down-regulation that was antagonized by antigen-induced BCR signaling. This passive mode of cell egress from BM also contributes significantly to the export of other hematopoietic cells, including granulocytes, monocytes, and NK cells, and is reminiscent of erythrocyte egress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas C Beck
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Ana Cordeiro Gomes
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Jason G Cyster
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - João P Pereira
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
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48
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Winkelmann R, Sandrock L, Kirberg J, Jäck HM, Schuh W. KLF2--a negative regulator of pre-B cell clonal expansion and B cell activation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97953. [PMID: 24874925 PMCID: PMC4038547 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Maturation as well as antigen-dependent activation of B cells is accompanied by alternating phases of proliferation and quiescence. We and others have previously shown that Krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2), a regulator of T cell quiescence and migration, is upregulated in small resting precursor (pre)-B cells after assembly of the immature pre-B cell receptor (pre-BCR) and is downregulated upon antigen-induced proliferation of mature B cells. These findings suggest that KLF2, besides its function in maintaining follicular B cell identity, peripheral B cell homeostasis and homing of antigen-specific plasma cells to the bone marrow, also controls clonal expansion phases in the B cell lineage. Here, we demonstrate that enforced expression of KLF2 in primary pre-B cells results in a severe block of pre-BCR-induced proliferation, upregulation of the cell cycle inhibitors p21 and p27 and downregulation of c-myc. Furthermore, retroviral KLF2 transduction of primary B cells impairs LPS-induced activation, favors apoptosis and results in reduced abundance of factors, such as AID, IRF4 and BLIMP1, that control the antigen-dependent phase of B cell activation and plasma cell differentiation. Hence, we conclude that KLF2 is not only a key player in terminating pre-B cell clonal expansion but also a potent suppressor of B cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Winkelmann
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lena Sandrock
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jörg Kirberg
- Division of Immunology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Hans-Martin Jäck
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schuh
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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49
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Zajac AJ, Harrington LE. Tissue-resident T cells lose their S1P1 exit visas. Cell Mol Immunol 2014; 11:221-3. [PMID: 24561454 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2014.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Allan J Zajac
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294 United States
| | - Laurie E Harrington
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294 United States
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50
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Skon CN, Lee JY, Anderson KG, Masopust D, Hogquist KA, Jameson SC. Transcriptional downregulation of S1pr1 is required for the establishment of resident memory CD8+ T cells. Nat Immunol 2013; 14:1285-93. [PMID: 24162775 PMCID: PMC3844557 DOI: 10.1038/ni.2745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 590] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cell-mediated immunity critically depends on lymphocyte localization at sites of infection. While some memory T cells recirculate, a distinct lineage (resident memory T cells; TRM) are embedded in non-lymphoid tissues (NLTs) and mediate potent protective immunity. However, the defining transcriptional basis for TRM establishment is unknown. We report that CD8+ TRM cells lacked expression of the transcription factor KLF2 and its target gene S1pr1 (encoding sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1). Forced S1PR1 expression prevented establishment of TRM. Cytokines inducing TRM phenotype (including TGF-β, IL-33 and TNF) provoked KLF2 downregulation in a phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase (PI(3)K)–Akt-dependent pathway, suggesting environmental regulation. Hence KLF2 and S1PR1 regulation provides a switch, dictating whether CD8+ T cells commit to the recirculating or tissue resident memory populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara N Skon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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