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Oliveira JR, Pereira JP, Branco MF, Leite LC, Patrício AI. McArdle's, a Rare Disease That Every Family Doctor Can Manage: A Case Report. Cureus 2023; 15:e50892. [PMID: 38249195 PMCID: PMC10799634 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
McArdle's disease is a rare autosomal recessive disorder that affects glycogen storage. It typically manifests in adolescence or early adulthood with presenting symptoms, such as fatigue, myalgia, exercise intolerance, and cramps, which can be easily overlooked. This case report seeks to offer a comprehensive overview of the perspective of a patient living with McArdle's disease, emphasizing the importance of treatment encouragement. The report documents the case of a 25-year-old male presenting with myalgia and fatigue exacerbated by strenuous exercise, illustrating the diagnostic challenges associated with McArdle's disease, primarily attributable to clinician unawareness. Furthermore, the case highlights the importance of adhering to lifestyle modifications to mitigate symptoms and prevent flare-ups, as well as the crucial role of the family doctor in such lifestyle maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- João R Oliveira
- Family Medicine, ACES (Agrupamento de Centros de Saúde) Gondomar, Porto, PRT
| | - João P Pereira
- Famiy Medicine, SESARAM (Serviço de Saúde da Região Autónoma da Madeira), Funchal, PRT
| | - Mariana F Branco
- Family Medicine, ACES (Agrupamento de Centros de Saúde) Gondomar, Porto, PRT
| | - Luísa C Leite
- Family Medicine, ACES (Agrupamento de Centros de Saúde) Gondomar, Porto, PRT
| | - Ana I Patrício
- Family Medicine, SESARAM (Serviço de Saúde da Região Autónoma da Madeira), Funchal, PRT
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2
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Carvalho BO, Gonçalves LPC, Mendonça PV, Pereira JP, Serra AC, Coelho JFJ. Replacing Harmful Flame Retardants with Biodegradable Starch-Based Materials in Polyethylene Formulations. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4078. [PMID: 37896321 PMCID: PMC10610673 DOI: 10.3390/polym15204078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The addition of toxic flame retardants to commercially available polymers is often required for safety reasons due to the high flammability of these materials. In this work, the preparation and incorporation of efficient biodegradable starch-based flame retardants into a low-density polyethylene (LDPE) matrix was investigated. Thermoplastic starch was first obtained by plasticizing starch with glycerol/water or glycerol/water/choline phytate to obtain TPS-G and TPS-G-CPA, respectively. Various LDPE/TPS blends were prepared by means of melt blending using polyethylene graft maleic anhydride as a compatibilizer and by varying the content of TPS and a halogenated commercial flame retardant. By replacing 38% and 76% of the harmful commercial flame retardant with safe TPS-G-CPA and TPS-G, respectively, blends with promising fire behavior were obtained, while the limiting oxygen index (LOI ≈ 28%) remained the same. The presence of choline phytate improved both the charring ability and fire retardancy of starch and resulted in a 43% reduction in fire growth index compared to the blend with commercial flame retardant only, as confirmed by means of cone calorimetry. Standard UL 94 vertical tests showed that blends containing TPS exhibited dripping behavior (rated V2), while those with commercial flame retardant were rated V0. Overall, this work demonstrates the potential of starch as a natural flame retardant that could reduce the cost and increase the safety of polymer-based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara O. Carvalho
- Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials, and Processes, Advanced Production and Intelligent Systems (ARISE), Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima-Polo II, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luís P. C. Gonçalves
- Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials, and Processes, Advanced Production and Intelligent Systems (ARISE), Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima-Polo II, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Patrícia V. Mendonça
- Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials, and Processes, Advanced Production and Intelligent Systems (ARISE), Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima-Polo II, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João P. Pereira
- Componit Lda, Estr. Real 3, 2070-621 Vila Chã de Ourique, Portugal
| | - Arménio C. Serra
- Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials, and Processes, Advanced Production and Intelligent Systems (ARISE), Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima-Polo II, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jorge F. J. Coelho
- Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials, and Processes, Advanced Production and Intelligent Systems (ARISE), Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima-Polo II, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
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Lim VY, Feng X, Miao R, Zehentmeier S, Ewing-Crystal N, Lee M, Tumanov AV, Oh JE, Iwasaki A, Wang A, Choi J, Pereira JP. Mature B cells and mesenchymal stem cells control emergency myelopoiesis. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202301924. [PMID: 36717247 PMCID: PMC9889502 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202301924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic inflammation halts lymphopoiesis and prioritizes myeloid cell production. How blood cell production switches from homeostasis to emergency myelopoiesis is incompletely understood. Here, we show that lymphotoxin-β receptor (LTβR) signaling in combination with TNF and IL-1 receptor signaling in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) down-regulates Il7 expression to shut down lymphopoiesis during systemic inflammation. LTβR signaling in MSCs also promoted CCL2 production during systemic inflammation. Pharmacological or genetic blocking of LTβR signaling in MSCs partially enabled lymphopoiesis and reduced monocyte numbers in the spleen during systemic inflammation, which correlated with reduced survival during systemic bacterial and viral infections. Interestingly, lymphotoxin-α1β2 delivered by B-lineage cells, and specifically by mature B cells, contributed to promote Il7 down-regulation and reduce MSC lymphopoietic activity. Our studies revealed an unexpected role of LTβR signaling in MSCs and identified recirculating mature B cells as an important regulator of emergency myelopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Y Lim
- Department of Immunobiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Xing Feng
- Department of Immunobiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Runfeng Miao
- Department of Immunobiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sandra Zehentmeier
- Department of Immunobiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Nathan Ewing-Crystal
- Department of Immunobiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Moonyoung Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Alexei V Tumanov
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Ji Eun Oh
- Department of Immunobiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Akiko Iwasaki
- Department of Immunobiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Andrew Wang
- Department of Immunobiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Medicine (Rheumatology), School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jungmin Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - João P Pereira
- Department of Immunobiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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4
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Zehentmeier S, Lim VY, Ma Y, Fossati J, Ito T, Jiang Y, Tumanov AV, Lee HJ, Dillinger L, Kim J, Csomos K, Walter JE, Choi J, Pereira JP. Dysregulated stem cell niches and altered lymphocyte recirculation cause B and T cell lymphopenia in WHIM syndrome. Sci Immunol 2022; 7:eabo3170. [PMID: 36149943 PMCID: PMC9614684 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abo3170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Gain-of-function (GOF) mutations in CXCR4 cause WHIM (warts, hypogammaglobulinemia, infections, and myelokathexis) syndrome, characterized by infections, leukocyte retention in bone marrow (BM), and blood leukopenias. B lymphopenia is evident at early progenitor stages, yet why do CXCR4 GOF mutations that cause B (and T) lymphopenia remain obscure? Using a CXCR4 R334X GOF mouse model of WHIM syndrome, we showed that lymphopoiesis is reduced because of a dysregulated mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transcriptome characterized by a switch from an adipogenic to an osteolineage-prone program with limited lymphopoietic activity. We identify lymphotoxin beta receptor (LTβR) as a critical pathway promoting interleukin-7 (IL-7) down-regulation in MSCs. Blocking LTβR or CXCR4 signaling restored IL-7 production and B cell development in WHIM mice. LTβR blocking also increased production of IL-7 and B cell activating factor (BAFF) in secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs), increasing B and T cell numbers in the periphery. These studies revealed that LTβR signaling in BM MSCs and SLO stromal cells limits the lymphocyte compartment size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Zehentmeier
- Department of Immunobiology and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Vivian Y Lim
- Department of Immunobiology and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yifan Ma
- Department of Immunobiology and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Julia Fossati
- Department of Immunobiology and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Takeshi Ito
- Department of Immunobiology and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yawen Jiang
- Department of Immunobiology and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Alexei V Tumanov
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Ho-Joon Lee
- Department of Genetics and Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lukas Dillinger
- X4 Pharmaceuticals Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
- X4 Pharmaceuticals Inc., Vienna, Austria
| | - Jihyun Kim
- BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Krisztian Csomos
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jolan E Walter
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
- Division Allergy and Immunology, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL, USA
| | - Jungmin Choi
- Department of Genetics and Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, USA
- BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - João P Pereira
- Department of Immunobiology and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, USA
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5
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Miao R, Chun H, Feng X, Gomes AC, Choi J, Pereira JP. Competition between hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells controls hematopoietic stem cell compartment size. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4611. [PMID: 35941168 PMCID: PMC9360400 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32228-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular competition for limiting hematopoietic factors is a physiologically regulated but poorly understood process. Here, we studied this phenomenon by hampering hematopoietic progenitor access to Leptin receptor+ mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSPCs) and endothelial cells (ECs). We show that HSC numbers increase by 2-fold when multipotent and lineage-restricted progenitors fail to respond to CXCL12 produced by MSPCs and ECs. HSCs are qualitatively normal, and HSC expansion only occurs when early hematopoietic progenitors but not differentiated hematopoietic cells lack CXCR4. Furthermore, the MSPC and EC transcriptomic heterogeneity is stable, suggesting that it is impervious to major changes in hematopoietic progenitor interactions. Instead, HSC expansion correlates with increased availability of membrane-bound stem cell factor (mSCF) on MSPCs and ECs presumably due to reduced consumption by cKit-expressing hematopoietic progenitors. These studies suggest that an intricate homeostatic balance between HSCs and proximal hematopoietic progenitors is regulated by cell competition for limited amounts of mSCF. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) rely on a combination of paracrine signals produced by their niche, including SCF. Here the authors show that HSCs and hematopoietic progenitors compete for limited amounts of membrane-bound SCF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runfeng Miao
- Department of Immunobiology and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Harim Chun
- BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Xing Feng
- Department of Immunobiology and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Ana Cordeiro Gomes
- Department of Immunobiology and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA.,i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jungmin Choi
- BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA.
| | - João P Pereira
- Department of Immunobiology and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA.
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6
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Drzewiecki K, Choi J, Brancale J, Leney-Greene MA, Sari S, Dalgiç B, Ünlüsoy Aksu A, Evirgen Şahin G, Ozen A, Baris S, Karakoc-Aydiner E, Jain D, Kleiner D, Schmalz M, Radhakrishnan K, Zhang J, Hoebe K, Su HC, Pereira JP, Lenardo MJ, Lifton RP, Vilarinho S. GIMAP5 maintains liver endothelial cell homeostasis and prevents portal hypertension. J Exp Med 2021; 218:212076. [PMID: 33956074 PMCID: PMC8105721 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20201745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Portal hypertension is a major contributor to decompensation and death from liver disease, a global health problem. Here, we demonstrate homozygous damaging mutations in GIMAP5, a small organellar GTPase, in four families with unexplained portal hypertension. We show that GIMAP5 is expressed in hepatic endothelial cells and that its loss in both humans and mice results in capillarization of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs); this effect is also seen when GIMAP5 is selectively deleted in endothelial cells. Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis in a GIMAP5-deficient mouse model reveals replacement of LSECs with capillarized endothelial cells, a reduction of macrovascular hepatic endothelial cells, and places GIMAP5 upstream of GATA4, a transcription factor required for LSEC specification. Thus, GIMAP5 is a critical regulator of liver endothelial cell homeostasis and, when absent, produces portal hypertension. These findings provide new insight into the pathogenesis of portal hypertension, a major contributor to morbidity and mortality from liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaela Drzewiecki
- Department of Internal Medicine (Digestive Diseases), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Jungmin Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Joseph Brancale
- Department of Internal Medicine (Digestive Diseases), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Michael A Leney-Greene
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, and Clinical Genomics Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Sinan Sari
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Buket Dalgiç
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aysel Ünlüsoy Aksu
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Health Sciences, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Child Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gülseren Evirgen Şahin
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Health Sciences, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Child Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Ozen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Marmara University School of Medicine, The Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Safa Baris
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Marmara University School of Medicine, The Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif Karakoc-Aydiner
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Marmara University School of Medicine, The Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dhanpat Jain
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - David Kleiner
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Michael Schmalz
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Cleveland Clinic Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH
| | - Kadakkal Radhakrishnan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Cleveland Clinic Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH
| | - Junhui Zhang
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | | | - Helen C Su
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, and Clinical Genomics Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - João P Pereira
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Michael J Lenardo
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, and Clinical Genomics Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Richard P Lifton
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Laboratory of Human Genetics and Genomics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Sílvia Vilarinho
- Department of Internal Medicine (Digestive Diseases), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
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Miao R, Lim VY, Kothapalli N, Ma Y, Fossati J, Zehentmeier S, Sun R, Pereira JP. Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niches and Signals Controlling Immune Cell Development and Maintenance of Immunological Memory. Front Immunol 2020; 11:600127. [PMID: 33324418 PMCID: PMC7726109 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.600127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies over the last couple of decades have shown that hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are critically dependent on cytokines such as Stem Cell Factor and other signals provided by bone marrow niches comprising of mesenchymal stem and progenitor cells (MSPCs) and endothelial cells (ECs). Because of their critical roles in HSC maintenance the niches formed by MSPCs and ECs are commonly referred to as HSC niches. For the most part, the signals required for HSC maintenance act in a short-range manner, which imposes the necessity for directional and positional cues in order for HSCs to localize and be retained properly in stem cell niches. The chemokine CXCL12 and its Gαi protein coupled receptor CXCR4, besides promoting HSC quiescence directly, also play instrumental roles in enabling HSCs to access bone marrow stem cell niches. Recent studies have revealed, however, that HSC niches also provide a constellation of hematopoietic cytokines that are critical for the production of most, if not all, blood cell types. Some hematopoietic cytokines, namely IL-7 and IL-15 produced by HSC niches, are not only required for lymphopoiesis but are also essential for memory T cell maintenance. Consequently, hematopoietic progenitors and differentiated immune cells, such as memory T cell subsets, also depend on the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis for migration into bone marrow and interactions with MSPCs and ECs. Similarly, subsets of antibody-secreting plasma cells also reside in close association with CXCL12-producing MSPCs in the bone marrow and require the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis for survival and long-term maintenance. Collectively, these studies demonstrate a broad range of key physiological roles, spanning blood cell production and maintenance of immunological memory, that are orchestrated by stem cell niches through a common and simple mechanism: CXCL12/CXCR4-mediated cell recruitment followed by receipt of a maintenance and/or instructive signal. A fundamental flaw of this type of cellular organization is revealed by myeloid and lymphoid leukemias, which target stem cell niches and induce profound transcriptomic changes that result in reduced hematopoietic activity and altered mesenchymal cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runfeng Miao
- Department of Immunobiology and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Vivian Y Lim
- Department of Immunobiology and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Neeharika Kothapalli
- Department of Immunobiology and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Yifan Ma
- Department of Immunobiology and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Julia Fossati
- Department of Immunobiology and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Sandra Zehentmeier
- Department of Immunobiology and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Ruifeng Sun
- Department of Immunobiology and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - João P Pereira
- Department of Immunobiology and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
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8
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Miao R, Pereira JP. Should I Stay or Should I Flow: HSCs Are on the Move! Cell Stem Cell 2020; 27:189-190. [PMID: 32763177 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2020.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell biologists have been yearning to visualize hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in live animals since Kiel et al. (2005) first visualized them in bone cavities. With two recent papers from Christodoulou et al. (2020) and Upadhaya et al. (2020), we can all now see how HSCs behave in their niches!
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Affiliation(s)
- Runfeng Miao
- Department of Immunobiology and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - João P Pereira
- Department of Immunobiology and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06519, USA.
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9
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Zehentmeier S, Pereira JP. Cell circuits and niches controlling B cell development. Immunol Rev 2020; 289:142-157. [PMID: 30977190 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Studies over the last decade uncovered overlapping niches for hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), multipotent progenitor cells, common lymphoid progenitors, and early B cell progenitors. HSC and lymphoid niches are predominantly composed by mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs) and by a small subset of endothelial cells. Niche cells create specialized microenvironments through the concomitant production of short-range acting cell-fate determining cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-7 and stem cell factor and the potent chemoattractant C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12. This type of cellular organization allows for the cross-talk between hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells with niche cells, such that niche cell activity can be regulated by the quality and quantity of hematopoietic progenitors being produced. For example, preleukemic B cell progenitors and preB acute lymphoblastic leukemias interact directly with MPCs, and downregulate IL-7 expression and the production of non-leukemic lymphoid cells. In this review, we discuss a novel model of B cell development that is centered on cellular circuits formed between B cell progenitors and lymphopoietic niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Zehentmeier
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - João P Pereira
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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10
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Fistonich C, Zehentmeier S, Bednarski JJ, Miao R, Schjerven H, Sleckman BP, Pereira JP. Cell circuits between B cell progenitors and IL-7 + mesenchymal progenitor cells control B cell development. J Exp Med 2018; 215:2586-2599. [PMID: 30158115 PMCID: PMC6170173 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20180778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
B cell development is characterized by well-defined transitions. Fistonich et al. demonstrate that two distinct cell circuits formed between proB, preB, and IL-7+ cells regulate the size and quality of B cell progenitors and control B cell development. B cell progenitors require paracrine signals such as interleukin-7 (IL-7) provided by bone marrow stromal cells for proliferation and survival. Yet, how B cells regulate access to these signals in vivo remains unclear. Here we show that proB and IL-7+ cells form a cell circuit wired by IL-7R signaling, which controls CXCR4 and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) expression and restricts proB cell movement due to increased adhesion to IL-7+CXCL12Hi cells. PreBCR signaling breaks this circuit by switching the preB cell behavior into a fast-moving and lower-adhesion state via increased CXCR4 and reduced FAK/α4β1 expression. This behavioral change reduces preB cell exposure to IL-7, thereby attenuating IL-7R signaling in vivo. Remarkably, IL-7 production is downregulated by signals provided by preB cells with unrepaired double-stranded DNA breaks and by preB acute lymphoblastic leukemic cells. Combined, these studies revealed that distinct cell circuits control the quality and homeostasis of B cell progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Fistonich
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Sandra Zehentmeier
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Jeffrey J Bednarski
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Runfeng Miao
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Hilde Schjerven
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Barry P Sleckman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - João P Pereira
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
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11
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Emgård J, Kammoun H, García-Cassani B, Chesné J, Parigi SM, Jacob JM, Cheng HW, Evren E, Das S, Czarnewski P, Sleiers N, Melo-Gonzalez F, Kvedaraite E, Svensson M, Scandella E, Hepworth MR, Huber S, Ludewig B, Peduto L, Villablanca EJ, Veiga-Fernandes H, Pereira JP, Flavell RA, Willinger T. Oxysterol Sensing through the Receptor GPR183 Promotes the Lymphoid-Tissue-Inducing Function of Innate Lymphoid Cells and Colonic Inflammation. Immunity 2018; 48:120-132.e8. [PMID: 29343433 PMCID: PMC5772175 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2017.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) sense environmental signals and are critical for tissue integrity in the intestine. Yet, which signals are sensed and what receptors control ILC3 function remain poorly understood. Here, we show that ILC3s with a lymphoid-tissue-inducer (LTi) phenotype expressed G-protein-coupled receptor 183 (GPR183) and migrated to its oxysterol ligand 7α,25-hydroxycholesterol (7α,25-OHC). In mice lacking Gpr183 or 7α,25-OHC, ILC3s failed to localize to cryptopatches (CPs) and isolated lymphoid follicles (ILFs). Gpr183 deficiency in ILC3s caused a defect in CP and ILF formation in the colon, but not in the small intestine. Localized oxysterol production by fibroblastic stromal cells provided an essential signal for colonic lymphoid tissue development, and inflammation-induced increased oxysterol production caused colitis through GPR183-mediated cell recruitment. Our findings show that GPR183 promotes lymphoid organ development and indicate that oxysterol-GPR183-dependent positioning within tissues controls ILC3 activity and intestinal homeostasis. ILC3s sense cholesterol metabolites (oxysterols) through the receptor GPR183 GPR183 and its ligand 7α,25-OHC promote ILC3 migration to CPs and ILFs GPR183 and 7α,25-OHC are critical for CP and ILF formation in the colon GPR183 controls inflammatory tissue remodeling during immune-mediated colitis
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Emgård
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hana Kammoun
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Julie Chesné
- Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, 1400-038 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sara M Parigi
- Immunology & Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jean-Marie Jacob
- Unité Stroma, Inflammation & Tissue Repair, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, France; INSERM U1224, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Hung-Wei Cheng
- Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, 9007 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Elza Evren
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Srustidhar Das
- Immunology & Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paulo Czarnewski
- Immunology & Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Natalie Sleiers
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Felipe Melo-Gonzalez
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Egle Kvedaraite
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mattias Svensson
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elke Scandella
- Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, 9007 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Matthew R Hepworth
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Samuel Huber
- I. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Burkhard Ludewig
- Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, 9007 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Lucie Peduto
- Unité Stroma, Inflammation & Tissue Repair, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, France; INSERM U1224, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Eduardo J Villablanca
- Immunology & Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - João P Pereira
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Richard A Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute.
| | - Tim Willinger
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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12
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Lim VY, Zehentmeier S, Fistonich C, Pereira JP. A Chemoattractant-Guided Walk Through Lymphopoiesis: From Hematopoietic Stem Cells to Mature B Lymphocytes. Adv Immunol 2017; 134:47-88. [PMID: 28413023 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
B lymphocytes develop from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in specialized bone marrow niches composed of rare mesenchymal lineage stem/progenitor cells (MSPCs) and sinusoidal endothelial cells. These niches are defined by function and location: MSPCs are mostly perisinusoidal cells that together with a small subset of sinusoidal endothelial cells express stem cell factor, interleukin-7 (IL-7), IL-15, and the highest amounts of CXCL12 in bone marrow. Though rare, MSPCs are morphologically heterogeneous, highly reticular, and form a vast cellular network in the bone marrow parenchyma capable of interacting with large numbers of hematopoietic cells. HSCs, downstream multipotent progenitor cells, and common lymphoid progenitor cells utilize CXCR4 to fine-tune access to critical short-range growth factors provided by MSPCs for their long-term maintenance and/or multilineage differentiation. In later stages, developing B lymphocytes use CXCR4 to navigate the bone marrow parenchyma, and predominantly cannabinoid receptor-2 for positioning within bone marrow sinusoids, prior to being released into peripheral blood circulation. In the final stages of differentiation, transitional B cells migrate to the spleen where they preferentially undergo further rounds of differentiation until selection into the mature B cell pool occurs. This bottleneck purges up to 97% of all developing B cells in a peripheral selection process that is heavily controlled not only by the intensity of BCR signaling and access to BAFF but also by the proper functioning of the B cell motility machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Y Lim
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | | | - Chris Fistonich
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - João P Pereira
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
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13
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Zhu M, Sun BH, Saar K, Simpson C, Troiano N, Dallas SL, Tiede-Lewis LM, Nevius E, Pereira JP, Weinstein RS, Tommasini SM, Insogna KL. Deletion of Rac in Mature Osteoclasts Causes Osteopetrosis, an Age-Dependent Change in Osteoclast Number, and a Reduced Number of Osteoblasts In Vivo. J Bone Miner Res 2016; 31:864-73. [PMID: 26496249 PMCID: PMC4826801 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Rac1 and Rac2 are thought to have important roles in osteoclasts. Therefore, mice with deletion of both Rac1 and Rac2 in mature osteoclasts (DKO) were generated by crossing Rac1(flox/flox) mice with mice expressing Cre in the cathepsin K locus and then mating these animals with Rac2(-/-) mice. DKO mice had markedly impaired tooth eruption. Bone mineral density (BMD) was increased 21% to 33% in 4- to 6-week-old DKO mice at all sites when measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and serum cross-linked C-telopeptide (CTx) was reduced by 52%. The amount of metaphyseal trabecular bone was markedly increased in DKO mice, but the cortices were very thin. Spinal trabecular bone mass was increased. Histomorphometry revealed significant reductions in both osteoclast and osteoblast number and function in 4- to 6-week-old DKO animals. In 14- to 16-week-old animals, osteoclast number was increased, although bone density was further increased. DKO osteoclasts had severely impaired actin ring formation, an impaired ability to generate acid, and reduced resorptive activity in vitro. In addition, their life span ex vivo was reduced. DKO osteoblasts expressed normal differentiation markers except for the expression of osterix, which was reduced. The DKO osteoblasts mineralized normally in vitro, indicating that the in vivo defect in osteoblast function was not cell autonomous. Confocal imaging demonstrated focal disruption of the osteocytic dendritic network in DKO cortical bone. Despite these changes, DKO animals had a normal response to treatment with once-daily parathyroid hormone (PTH). We conclude that Rac1 and Rac2 have critical roles in skeletal metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Zhu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ben-hua Sun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Katarzyna Saar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Christine Simpson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Nancy Troiano
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sarah L Dallas
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - LeAnn M Tiede-Lewis
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Erin Nevius
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - João P Pereira
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Robert S Weinstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and the Central Arkansas Veterans Health Care System, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Steven M Tommasini
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Karl L Insogna
- Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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14
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Tomiyama MPO, Werle CH, Milanez GP, Nóbrega DB, Pereira JP, Calarga AP, Flores F, Brocchi M. Salmonella enterica Typhimurium fljBA operon stability: implications regarding the origin of Salmonella enterica I 4,[5],12:i:. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:19057-65. [PMID: 26782556 DOI: 10.4238/2015.december.29.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Salmonella enterica subsp enterica serovar 4,5,12:i:- has been responsible for many recent Salmonella outbreaks worldwide. Several studies indicate that this serovar originated from S. enterica subsp enterica serovar Typhimurium, by the loss of the flagellar phase II gene (fljB) and adjacent sequences. However, at least two different clones of S. enterica 4,5,12:i:- exist that differs in the molecular events responsible for fljB deletion. The aim of this study was to test the stability of the fljBA operon responsible for the flagellar phase variation under different growth conditions in order to verify if its deletion is a frequent event that could explain the origin and dissemination of this serovar. In fact, coding sequences for transposons are present near this operon and in some strains, such as S. enterica Typhimurium LT2, the Fels-2 prophage gene is inserted near this operon. The presence of mobile DNA could confer instability to this region. In order to examine this, the cat (chloramphenicol acetyltransferase) gene was inserted adjacent to the fljBA operon so that deletions involving this genomic region could be identified. After growing S. enterica chloramphenicol-resistant strains under different conditions, more than 104 colonies were tested for the loss of chloramphenicol resistance. However, none of the colonies were sensitive to chloramphenicol. These data suggest that the origin of S. enterica serovar 4,5,12:i:- from Typhimurium by fljBA deletion is not a frequent event. The origin and dissemination of 4,5,12:i:- raise several questions about the role of flagellar phase variation in virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P O Tomiyama
- Departamento de Genética, Evolução e Bioagentes, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - C H Werle
- Departamento de Genética, Evolução e Bioagentes, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - G P Milanez
- Departamento de Genética, Evolução e Bioagentes, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - D B Nóbrega
- Departamento de Genética, Evolução e Bioagentes, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - J P Pereira
- Departamento de Genética, Evolução e Bioagentes, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - A P Calarga
- Departamento de Genética, Evolução e Bioagentes, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - F Flores
- Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola, Faculdade Murialdo, Caxias do Sul, RS, Brasil
| | - M Brocchi
- Departamento de Genética, Evolução e Bioagentes, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil
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15
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Nevius E, Pinho F, Dhodapkar M, Jin H, Nadrah K, Horowitz MC, Kikuta J, Ishii M, Pereira JP. Oxysterols and EBI2 promote osteoclast precursor migration to bone surfaces and regulate bone mass homeostasis. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 2015. [DOI: 10.1083/jcb.2111oia228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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16
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Nevius E, Pinho F, Dhodapkar M, Jin H, Nadrah K, Horowitz MC, Kikuta J, Ishii M, Pereira JP. Oxysterols and EBI2 promote osteoclast precursor migration to bone surfaces and regulate bone mass homeostasis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 212:1931-46. [PMID: 26438360 PMCID: PMC4612084 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20150088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms guiding cells toward bone surfaces are generally unknown. Here, Nevius et al. show that the Gαi protein–coupled receptor EBI2 is expressed in mouse osteoclast precursors to guide these cells toward bone surfaces. Defective EBI2 signaling increased bone mass in male mice and protected female mice from age- and estrogen deficiency–induced osteoporosis. Bone surfaces attract hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells, such as osteoclasts (OCs) and osteoblasts (OBs), and are targeted by bone metastatic cancers. However, the mechanisms guiding cells toward bone surfaces are essentially unknown. Here, we show that the Gαi protein–coupled receptor (GPCR) EBI2 is expressed in mouse monocyte/OC precursors (OCPs) and its oxysterol ligand 7α,25-dihydroxycholesterol (7α,25-OHC) is secreted abundantly by OBs. Using in vitro time-lapse microscopy and intravital two-photon microscopy, we show that EBI2 enhances the development of large OCs by promoting OCP motility, thus facilitating cell–cell interactions and fusion in vitro and in vivo. EBI2 is also necessary and sufficient for guiding OCPs toward bone surfaces. Interestingly, OCPs also secrete 7α,25-OHC, which promotes autocrine EBI2 signaling and reduces OCP migration toward bone surfaces in vivo. Defective EBI2 signaling led to increased bone mass in male mice and protected female mice from age- and estrogen deficiency–induced osteoporosis. This study identifies a novel pathway involved in OCP homing to the bone surface that may have significant therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Nevius
- Department of Immunobiology and Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Flavia Pinho
- Department of Immunobiology and Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Meera Dhodapkar
- Department of Immunobiology and Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Huiyan Jin
- Department of Immunobiology and Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Kristina Nadrah
- Department of Immunobiology and Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Mark C Horowitz
- Department of Immunobiology and Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Junichi Kikuta
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Frontier Biosciences and WPI-Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masaru Ishii
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Frontier Biosciences and WPI-Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - João P Pereira
- Department of Immunobiology and Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
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17
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Abstract
Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)-3 has been suggested to regulate CXCR4 signaling in a variety of human cell lines. In mice, conditional SOCS3 inactivation in hematopoietic cells including B-lineage lymphocytes has been reported to exacerbate CXCR4-signaling and focal adhesion kinase phosphorylation, which resulted in altered immature B cell distribution in bone marrow (BM) due to sustained α4β1 integrin-mediated adhesion to the extracellular matrix. However, a recent study examining conditional SOCS3 deletion specifically in B-lineage cells failed to detect significant roles in B-lineage cell retention in BM. In this study we carefully examined the role played by SOCS3 in CXCR4 signaling in developing B cell subsets. We show that in mice conditionally deficient in SOCS3 exclusively in B cells (Socs3fl/fl Mb1cre/+) there was no detectable difference in B cell development in BM and in periphery. We show that SOCS3 deficient and sufficient immature B cell subsets are similarly distributed between BM parenchyma and sinusoids, and are equally competent at exiting BM into peripheral blood. Furthermore, we found no significant differences in CXCR4 desensitization upon ligand exposure in developing B lymphocyte subsets. Consequently, SOCS3-deficient and sufficient B-lineage cell migration towards CXCL12 in vitro was undistinguishable, and B-lineage cell amoeboid motility within BM parenchyma was also unaffected by SOCS3-deficiency. Thus we conclude that SOCS3 has no detectable influence on biological processes known to be controlled by CXCR4 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Nadrah
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States of America
| | - Thomas C. Beck
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States of America
| | - João P. Pereira
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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18
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Beck TC, Gomes AC, Cyster JG, Pereira JP. CXCR4 and a cell-extrinsic mechanism control immature B lymphocyte egress from bone marrow. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 2014. [DOI: 10.1083/jcb.2074oia214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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19
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Abstract
Joao Pereira and colleagues at Yale University show that B cell egress from bone marrow is a passive process, similar to that of red blood cells. Immature B cells that approached bone marrow sinusoids decreased their expression of CXCR4 and rounded up, allowing them to be passively swept away. Leukocyte residence in lymphoid organs is controlled by a balance between retention and egress-promoting chemoattractants sensed by pertussis toxin (PTX)–sensitive Gαi protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs). Here, we use two-photon intravital microscopy to show that immature B cell retention within bone marrow (BM) was strictly dependent on amoeboid motility mediated by CXCR4 and CXCL12 and by α4β1 integrin–mediated adhesion to VCAM-1. However, B lineage cell egress from BM is independent of PTX-sensitive GPCR signaling. B lineage cells expressing PTX rapidly exited BM even though their motility within BM parenchyma was significantly reduced. Our experiments reveal that when immature B cells are near BM sinusoids their motility is reduced, their morphology is predominantly rounded, and cells reverse transmigrate across sinusoidal endothelium in a largely nonamoeboid manner. Immature B cell egress from BM was dependent on a twofold CXCR4 down-regulation that was antagonized by antigen-induced BCR signaling. This passive mode of cell egress from BM also contributes significantly to the export of other hematopoietic cells, including granulocytes, monocytes, and NK cells, and is reminiscent of erythrocyte egress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas C Beck
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Ana Cordeiro Gomes
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Jason G Cyster
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - João P Pereira
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
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20
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Willinger T, Ferguson SM, Pereira JP, De Camilli P, Flavell RA. Dynamin 2–dependent endocytosis is required for sustained S1PR1 signaling. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 2014. [DOI: 10.1083/jcb.2047oia57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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21
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Abstract
The endocytosis regulator dynamin 2 is required for the regulation of S1PR1 internalization and continued S1PR1 signaling in low S1P environments. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor 1 (S1PR1) is critical for lymphocyte egress from lymphoid organs. Lymphocytes encounter low S1P concentrations near exit sites before transmigration, yet S1PR1 signaling is rapidly terminated after exposure to S1P. How lymphocytes maintain S1PR1 signaling in a low S1P environment near egress sites is unknown. Here we identify dynamin 2, an essential component of endocytosis, as a novel regulator of T cell egress. Mice with T cell–specific dynamin 2 deficiency had profound lymphopenia and impaired egress from lymphoid organs. Dynamin 2 deficiency caused impaired egress through regulation of S1PR1 signaling, and transgenic S1PR1 overexpression rescued egress in dynamin 2 knockout mice. In low S1P concentrations, dynamin 2 was essential for S1PR1 internalization, which enabled continuous S1PR1 signaling and promoted egress from both thymus and lymph nodes. In contrast, dynamin 2–deficient cells were only capable of a pulse of S1PR1 signaling, which was insufficient for egress. Our results suggest a possible mechanism by which T lymphocytes positioned at exit portals sense low S1P concentrations, promoting their egress into circulatory fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Willinger
- Department of Immunobiology, 2 Department of Cell Biology, 3 Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, and Repair, and 4 Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
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22
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Kelly LM, Pereira JP, Yi T, Xu Y, Cyster JG. EBI2 guides serial movements of activated B cells and ligand activity is detectable in lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues. J Immunol 2011; 187:3026-32. [PMID: 21844396 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1101262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
EBV-induced gene 2 (EBI2) was recently shown to direct the delayed movement of activated B cells to interfollicular and outer follicular regions of secondary lymphoid organs and to be required for mounting a normal T-dependent Ab response. In this study, we show that EBI2 promotes an early wave of Ag-activated B cell migration to the outer follicle in mice. Later, when B cells have moved to the T zone in a CCR7-dependent manner, EBI2 helps distribute the cells along the B zone-T zone boundary. Subsequent EBI2-dependent movement to the outer follicle coincides with CCR7 downregulation and is promoted by CD40 engagement. Using a bioassay, we identify a proteinase K-resistant, hydrophobic EBI2 ligand activity in lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues. Production of EBI2 ligand activity by a cell line is sensitive to statins, suggesting production in a 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase-dependent manner. CD40-activated B cells show sustained EBI2-dependent responsiveness to the bioactivity. These findings establish a role for EBI2 in helping control B cell position at multiple stages during the Ab response and they suggest that EBI2 responds to a broadly distributed lipid ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Kelly
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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23
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Hannedouche S, Zhang J, Yi T, Shen W, Nguyen D, Pereira JP, Guerini D, Baumgarten BU, Roggo S, Wen B, Knochenmuss R, Noël S, Gessier F, Kelly LM, Vanek M, Laurent S, Preuss I, Miault C, Christen I, Karuna R, Li W, Koo DI, Suply T, Schmedt C, Peters EC, Falchetto R, Katopodis A, Spanka C, Roy MO, Detheux M, Chen YA, Schultz PG, Cho CY, Seuwen K, Cyster JG, Sailer AW. Oxysterols direct immune cell migration via EBI2. Nature 2011; 475:524-7. [PMID: 21796212 PMCID: PMC4297623 DOI: 10.1038/nature10280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 337] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 06/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus-induced gene 2 (EBI2, also known as GPR183) is a G-protein-coupled receptor that is required for humoral immune responses; polymorphisms in the receptor have been associated with inflammatory autoimmune diseases. The natural ligand for EBI2 has been unknown. Here we describe the identification of 7α,25-dihydroxycholesterol (also called 7α,25-OHC or 5-cholesten-3β,7α,25-triol) as a potent and selective agonist of EBI2. Functional activation of human EBI2 by 7α,25-OHC and closely related oxysterols was verified by monitoring second messenger readouts and saturable, high-affinity radioligand binding. Furthermore, we find that 7α,25-OHC and closely related oxysterols act as chemoattractants for immune cells expressing EBI2 by directing cell migration in vitro and in vivo. A critical enzyme required for the generation of 7α,25-OHC is cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (CH25H). Similar to EBI2 receptor knockout mice, mice deficient in CH25H fail to position activated B cells within the spleen to the outer follicle and mount a reduced plasma cell response after an immune challenge. This demonstrates that CH25H generates EBI2 biological activity in vivo and indicates that the EBI2-oxysterol signalling pathway has an important role in the adaptive immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juan Zhang
- Analytical Sciences; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tangsheng Yi
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Weijun Shen
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Deborah Nguyen
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - João P. Pereira
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Danilo Guerini
- Autoimmunity, Transplantation and Inflammation; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Birgit U. Baumgarten
- Developmental and Molecular Pathways; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Silvio Roggo
- Global Discovery Chemistry; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ben Wen
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Richard Knochenmuss
- Analytical Sciences; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Francois Gessier
- Global Discovery Chemistry; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lisa M. Kelly
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mirka Vanek
- Developmental and Molecular Pathways; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephane Laurent
- Developmental and Molecular Pathways; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Inga Preuss
- Developmental and Molecular Pathways; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Charlotte Miault
- Global Discovery Chemistry; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Christen
- Analytical Sciences; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ratna Karuna
- Analytical Sciences; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wei Li
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Dong-In Koo
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Thomas Suply
- Developmental and Molecular Pathways; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Schmedt
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Eric C. Peters
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Rocco Falchetto
- Analytical Sciences; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Katopodis
- Autoimmunity, Transplantation and Inflammation; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Carsten Spanka
- Global Discovery Chemistry; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Yu Alice Chen
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Peter G. Schultz
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Charles Y. Cho
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Klaus Seuwen
- Developmental and Molecular Pathways; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jason G. Cyster
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Andreas W. Sailer
- Developmental and Molecular Pathways; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
- Corresponding author: Andreas W. Sailer, Ph. D. Developmental & Molecular Pathways Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research Forum 1, Novartis Campus, WSJ-355.4.025.8 4056 Basel, Switzerland Phone: +41 79 5500941 Fax: +41 61 6968714
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Santos AO, Pereira JP, Pedroso de Lima MC, Simões S, Moreira JN. In vitro modulation of Bcl-2 levels in small cell lung cancer cells: effects on cell viability. Braz J Med Biol Res 2010; 43:1001-9. [PMID: 20922271 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2010007500099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2010] [Accepted: 09/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive disease, representing 15% of all cases of lung cancer, has high metastatic potential and low prognosis that urgently demands the development of novel therapeutic approaches. One of the proposed approaches has been the down-regulation of BCL2, with poorly clarified and controversial therapeutic value regarding SCLC. The use of anti-BCL2 small interfering RNA (siRNA) in SCLC has never been reported. The aim of the present study was to select and test the in vitro efficacy of anti-BCL2 siRNA sequences against the protein and mRNA levels of SCLC cells, and their effects on cytotoxicity and chemosensitization. Two anti-BCL2 siRNAs and the anti-BCL2 G3139 oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) were evaluated in SCLC cells by the simultaneous determination of Bcl-2 and viability using a flow cytometry method recently developed by us in addition to Western blot, real-time reverse-transcription PCR, and cell growth after single and combined treatment with cisplatin. In contrast to previous reports about the use of ODN, a heterogeneous and up to 80% sequence-specific Bcl-2 protein knockdown was observed in the SW2, H2171 and H69 SCLC cell lines, although without significant sequence-specific reduction of cell viability, cell growth, or sensitization to cisplatin. Our results question previous data generated with antisense ODN and supporting the present concept of the therapeutic interest in BCL2 silencing per se in SCLC, and support the growing notion of the necessity of a multitargeting molecular approach for the treatment of cancer.
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Pappu R, Schwab SR, Cornelissen I, Pereira JP, Regard JB, Xu Y, Camerer E, Zheng YW, Huang Y, Cyster JG, Coughlin SR. Promotion of lymphocyte egress into blood and lymph by distinct sources of sphingosine-1-phosphate. Science 2007; 316:295-8. [PMID: 17363629 DOI: 10.1126/science.1139221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 712] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lymphocytes require sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor-1 to exit lymphoid organs, but the source(s) of extracellular S1P and whether S1P directly promotes egress are unknown. By using mice in which the two kinases that generate S1P were conditionally ablated, we find that plasma S1P is mainly hematopoietic in origin, with erythrocytes a major contributor, whereas lymph S1P is from a distinct radiation-resistant source. Lymphocyte egress from thymus and secondary lymphoid organs was markedly reduced in kinase-deficient mice. Restoration of S1P to plasma rescued egress to blood but not lymph, and the rescue required lymphocyte expression of S1P-receptor-1. Thus, separate sources provide S1P to plasma and lymph to help lymphocytes exit the low-S1P environment of lymphoid organs. Disruption of compartmentalized S1P signaling is a plausible mechanism by which S1P-receptor-1 agonists function as immunosuppressives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajita Pappu
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, 600 16th Street S472D, San Francisco, CA 94143-2240, USA
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26
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Oliveira MS, Fraga AG, Torrado E, Castro AG, Pereira JP, Filho AL, Milanezi F, Schmitt FC, Meyers WM, Portaels F, Silva MT, Pedrosa J. Infection with Mycobacterium ulcerans induces persistent inflammatory responses in mice. Infect Immun 2005; 73:6299-310. [PMID: 16177301 PMCID: PMC1230890 DOI: 10.1128/iai.73.10.6299-6310.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Buruli ulcer (BU) is a devastating, necrotizing, tropical skin disease caused by infections with Mycobacterium ulcerans. In contrast to other mycobacterioses, BU has been associated with minimal or absent inflammation. However, here we show that in the mouse M. ulcerans induces persistent inflammatory responses with virulence-dependent patterns. Mycolactone-positive, cytotoxic strains are virulent for mice and multiply progressively, inducing both early and persistent acute inflammatory responses. The cytotoxicity of these strains leads to progressive destruction of the inflammatory infiltrates by postapoptotic secondary necrosis, generating necrotic acellular areas with extracellular bacilli released by the lysis of infected phagocytes. The necrotic areas, always surrounded by acute inflammatory infiltrates, expand through the progressive invasion of healthy tissues around the initial necrotic lesions by bacteria and by newly recruited acute inflammatory cells. Our observations show that the lack of inflammatory infiltrates in the extensive areas of necrosis seen in advanced infections results from the destruction of continuously produced inflammatory infiltrates and not from M. ulcerans-induced local or systemic immunosuppression. Whether this is the mechanism behind the predominance of minimal or absent inflammatory responses in BU biopsies remains to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martinha S Oliveira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Health Sciences (ICVS), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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27
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Abstract
Lymphocyte egress from the thymus and from peripheral lymphoid organs depends on sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor-1 and is thought to occur in response to circulatory S1P. However, the existence of an S1P gradient between lymphoid organs and blood or lymph has not been established. To further define egress requirements, we addressed why treatment with the food colorant 2-acetyl-4-tetrahydroxybutylimidazole (THI) induces lymphopenia. We found that S1P abundance in lymphoid tissues of mice is normally low but increases more than 100-fold after THI treatment and that this treatment inhibits the S1P-degrading enzyme S1P lyase. We conclude that lymphocyte egress is mediated by S1P gradients that are established by S1P lyase activity and that the lyase may represent a novel immunosuppressant drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan R Schwab
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143-0414, USA
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28
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de Souza CP, Mendes NM, Jannotti-Passos LK, Pereira JP. [The use of the shell of the cashew nut, Anacardium occidentale, as an alternative molluscacide]. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 1992; 34:459-66. [PMID: 1342111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioassays using hexanolic extracts of cashew nut shells, of Anacardium occidentale, collected in Ceará in 1972 (Sample 1) and 1987 (Sample 2) were undertaken with adult snails and egg masses of Biomphalaria glabrata, B. tenagophila and B. straminea both in the laboratory and in the field. Non extracted shells, 18.5 g, sample 1, were also tested with adult snails and egg masses of the three species. The toxicity of extract was tested with fish (Poecilia reticulata) and tadpoles. The lethal concentration, CL90, of sample 1 was from 2.0 to 2.2 ppm for adult snails of the three species. With sample 2, the CL90 was 2.0, 0.5 and 30.0 ppm for B. glabrata adults, newly hatched snails and egg mass respectively. Non extracted shells caused 40-80% mortality of adult snails, 22-35% mortality of embryos and 40-55% reduction of egg production. The hexanolic extract, sample 2, were innocuous for tadpole and fish at 2 ppm. In the field, in pools of still water treatment with 20 ppm of extract, sample 1, caused a 97.1% mortality of B. straminea and 100% mortality of B. glabrata and B. tenagophila. Using Niclosamide, at 3 ppm, 100% mortality of the three species occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- C P de Souza
- Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
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29
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Coura-Filho P, Mendes NM, de Souza CP, Pereira JP. The prolonged use of niclosamide as a molluscicide for the control of Schistosoma mansoni. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 1992; 34:427-31. [PMID: 1342106 DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46651992000500009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Applications of niclosamide at three-monthly intervals were undertaken for 14 years in foci of Biomphalaria glabrata in the water sources of Peri-Peri (Capim Branco, MG). All the residents of the area were submitted to an annual fecal examination (Kato/Katz) and those individuals eliminating Schistosoma mansoni eggs were treated with oxamniquine. A malacological survey was undertaken at three-monthly intervals by means of ten scoops with a perforated ladle each ten metres along the two banks of the ditches and streams of the region. Where snails were found, molluscicide was applied by means of dripping or aspersion using a 3 ppm aqueous suspension of niclosamide. Initially, a mean of 14.3% of snails in the region were found to be eliminating cercariae. Following the first four applications of molluscicide, this was reduced to 0.0% and maintained at about 1.5% throughout the program. Thus, there was a continued possibility of schistosomiasis transmission in the area and it was observed that the population of snails reestablished itself within three months of molluscicide application. The results obtained in this study do not encourage the continual use of niclosamide as the only method of control of schistosomiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Coura-Filho
- Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, FIOCRUZ-MS, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
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30
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Mendes NM, de Oliveira AB, Guimarães JE, Pereira JP, Katz N. [Molluscacide activity of a mixture of 6-n-alkyl salicylic acids (anacardic acid) and 2 of its complexes with copper (II) and lead (II)]. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 1990; 23:217-24. [PMID: 2133588 DOI: 10.1590/s0037-86821990000400007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The molluscicide activity of hexanic extract from Anacardium occidentale L. (cashew) nut shell, of copper (II) complex, of lead (II) complex and anacardic acid has been compared in the laboratory in an attempt to obtain better stability than anacardic acid. This was obtained from the hexanic extract of the cashew nut shell by precipitation with lead (II) hydroxide or cupric sulfate plus sodium hydroxide or (II) cupric hydroxide followed by treatment of lead (II) complex with a diluted solution of sulfuric acid. Ten products of the mixture obtained were tested on adults snails of Biomphalaria glabrata at 1 to 10 ppm. The most active products were copper (II) complex, obtained by cupric sulfate plus sodium hydroxide, and anacardic acid (sodium hydroxide) which presented activity at 4 ppm. The anacardic acid's lead content was above the limits accepted by the United States standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Mendes
- Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
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31
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Abstract
Hydrolates and essential oils of several Eucalyptus species were tested on adult snails and egg masses of Biomphalaria glabrata, and cercaria of Schistosoma mansoni. These products were obtained by vapor dragging. Eight out of 21 hydrolates presented activity on snails, nine on egg masses and three on cercaria at 1:4 dilutions. Eleven oils were active on both snails and egg masses at 20 ppm concentrations. The hydrolate of E. deanei was active both on snails, egg masses and cercaria at 1:4 dilution and its essential oil at 20 ppm.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Mendes
- Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
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32
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Consoli RA, Mendes NM, Pereira JP, Santos BDS, Lamounier MA. [Effect of several extracts derived from plants on the survival of larvae of Aedes fluviatilis (Lutz) (Diptera: Culicidae) in the laboratory]. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 1988; 83:87-93. [PMID: 3249563 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02761988000100012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The larvicidal properties of 34 plant extracts were tested against Aedes fluviatilis (Lutz) (Diptera: Culicidae) larvae, at 100, 10 and 1 ppm concentrations; 26.6% of the extracts enhanced larval mortality (alpha = 0.05) at 100 ppm (Anacardium occidentale, Agave americana, Allium sativum, Coriandrum sativum, Nerium oleander, Spatodea campanulata, Tibouchina scrobiculata and Vernonia salzmanni). Anacardic acid (A. occidentale) was effective at 10 ppm and A. sativum (crude extract) at 1 ppm.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Consoli
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
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Abstract
The molluscicide activity of aqueous (macerated and boiled), hexanic and ethylic extracts of Aristolochia brasiliensis, Caesalpinia peltophoroides, Caesalpinia pulcherrima, Delonix regia, Spathodea campanulata and Tibouchina scrobiculata was evaluated in the laboratory. The solutions obtained from those extracts were tested on adults and egg masses of Biomphalaria glabrata reared in the laboratory at 1, 10, 20, 100 and 1000 ppm concentrations. The most active of the extracts studied was D. regia flowers' (flamboyant) ethylic extracts which presented molluscicidal activity on adult snails at 20 ppm.
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Mendes NM, Pereira JP, de Souza CP, de Oliveira MDL. Ensaios preliminares em laboratório para verificar a ação moluscicida de algumas espécies da flora brasileira. Rev Saude Publica 1984; 18:348-54. [PMID: 6549415 DOI: 10.1590/s0034-89101984000500003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Estudou-se em laboratório a atividade moluscicida de 68 extratos de 23 plantas brasileiras. As soluções em água desclorada dos extratos hexânicos e etanólico, nas concentrações de 1, 10 e 100 ppm, foram testadas sobre caramujos adultos e desovas de Biomphalaria glabrata, criados em laboratório. As plantas que demonstraram ação moluscicida na concentração de 100 ppm foram: Arthemisia verlotorum Lamotte, Caesalpinia peltophoroides Benth, Cassia rugosa G.Don., Eclipta alba Hassk, Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd, Euphorbia splendens Bojer, Joannesia princeps Vell, Leonorus sibiricus L.,Macrosiphonia guaranitica Muell,Nerium oleander L., Palicourea nicotianaefolia Cham, e Schlech., Panicum maximum M., Rumex crispus L., Ruta graveolens L., e Stryphnodendron barbatiman M.
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de Souza CP, de Azevedo MDL, Rodrigues MDS, Pereira JP. [Comparative study of the susceptibility of Biomphalaria glabrata populations of Belo Horizonte (MG), to Schistosoma mansoni infection and to molluscacides]. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 1982; 24:342-8. [PMID: 7182912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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De Souza CP, Pereira JP, Rodrigues MS. [Present geographic distribution of intermediate mollusk hosts of Schistosoma mansoni in Belo horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil]. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 1981; 76:383-91. [PMID: 7348783 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02761981000400006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Procedeu-se ao levantamento malacológico do município de Belo Horizonte, MG, com o objetivo de avaliar a distribuição, densidade e taxa de infecção dos moluscos hospedeiros intermediários do Schistosoma mansoni. Foram coletadas 3.261 Biomphalaria glabrata em 1979-81, das quais 100 (3,1%) estavam infectadas com S. mansoni. Registrou-se a existência de 36 criadouros (35,0%) de B. glabrata em 102 locais pesquisados, sendo 23 na bacia hidrográfica de Pampulha e 13 na do ribeirão do Arrudas. Foram encontrados 2 criadouros de B. tenagophila e 2 de B. straminea. Registrou-se também a presenca de exemplares de Pomacea haustrum, Physa sp e Drepanotrema cimex. Compararam-se os dados obtidos atualmente com os publicados em 1967. Houve reducao de mais de 50% no número de criadouros de B.glabrata, principalmente em decorrencias da expansão e progresso da cidade. Na zona periférica a esquistossomose continua endêmica, havendo necessidade de novas obras de saneamento básico para se conseguir o controle da doença.
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Katz N, Rocha RS, Pereira JP. Schistosomiasis control in Peri-Peri (Minas Gerais, Brazil) by repeated clinical treatment and molluscicide application. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 1980; 22:85-93, 203-11. [PMID: 7455515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
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38
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Pereira JP, de Souza CP, Mendes NM. [Molluscicidal properties of the Euphorbia cotinifolia L (author's transl)]. Rev Bras Pesqui Med Biol 1978; 11:345-51. [PMID: 751112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The hexanic extract from the leaves of Euphorbia cotinifolia L. has been experimentally used as molluscicide against Biomphalaria glabrata. The extract was fractionated and the most actives fractions were those of numbers 6 and 7. The lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC90 obtained using fraction 6 against adult snails were 1,2 and 2,4 ppm; for the eggs they were 25,0 and 48,0 ppm. With fraction 7 the lethal concentrations were 1,4 and 3,4 ppm for adult snails; for newly hatched snails they were 4,8 and 8,0 ppm; for the eggs they were 13,0 and 31,0 ppm. In the field the hexanic extract was lethal for the snails in concentrations of 20 ppm in stagnant water. Fractions 6 and 7 were lethal for S. mansoni cercariae and to fish (Lebistes reticulatus) in concentrations below 10 ppm. For mice the extract did not display any toxity in concentrations of 600 mg/kg.
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Abstract
In Peri-Peri (Minas Gerais), an area endemic for Schistosoma mansoni, 591 inhabitants were examined. A coprological survey showed a prevalence of infection of 43.7%. After clinical examination 220 patients were distributed into three groups for treatment with oxamniquine; in Group 1, 19 children (2 to 15 years) were treated with a single oral dose of drug suspension around 20 mg/kg body weight; in Group 2, 47 children were treated orally with two 10 mg/kg doses with a 6- to 8-hour interval between them; in Group 3, 154 adults were treated with a single dose of about 15 mg/kg (capsules). The most frequent side effects were dizziness, drowsiness, and headache. No statistical difference in frequency of side effects was observed between Groups 1 and 2. Nevertheless, after treatment 32% of the patients in Group 1 complained of dizziness and 13% of headache, whereas in Group 2 the frequencies of these symptoms were 2% and 0%, respectively. Adults (Group 3) had a higher frequency of side effects, their chief complaints being dizziness and drowsiness. In Groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively, 73.7%, 62.2%, and 82.4% of the patients were cured. Statistical analysis did not show any difference in cure rates between children in Groups 1 and 2; however a significance was found when compared with the cure rate observed in adults, showing the drug to be more active in the latter group. In 61.8% of the 40 patients not cured a decrease of over 90% in the number of S. mansoni eggs/g feces was observed. From the data above oxamniquine seems to be an effective schistosomicidal drug suitable for use in endemic areas, although further studies are still needed.
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Krettli AU, Pereira JP, Brener Z. Comparative study of experimental infections in mice inoculated with normal and chloroquine-resistant strains of Plasmodium berghei. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 1969; 11:94-100. [PMID: 5788823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
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Paulini E, Murta CC, Pereira JP. [New studies on the deactivation of DDT on clay surfaces]. Rev Bras Malariol Doencas Trop 1966; 18:99-104. [PMID: 4294156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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