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Han H, Choi YJ, Hong H, Kim CY, Byun MK, Cho JH, Lee JH, Park JW, Doherty TA, Park HJ. Effects of chitinase-1 inhibitor in obesity-induced and -aggravated asthma in a murine model. Life Sci 2023; 334:122163. [PMID: 37890698 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Despite recent investigations on the role of chitinase in asthma, its role in obesity-induced asthma has not been evaluated. Therefore, we investigated the roles of chitin, chitinase-1, and a chitinase-1 inhibitor (compound X, CPX) in a murine model. MAIN METHODS We assigned C57BL/6 mice to the ovalbumin (OVA) model or obesity model group. In the OVA model, mice received intraperitoneal OVA twice within a 2-week interval and intranasal OVA for 3 consecutive days. Additionally, chitin was intranasally administered for 3 consecutive days, and CPX was intraperitoneally injected three times over 5 days. In the obesity model, a high-fat diet (HFD) was maintained for 13 weeks, and CPX was intraperitoneally injected eight times over 4 weeks. KEY FINDINGS In the OVA model, chitin aggravated OVA-induced airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR), increased bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cell proliferation, increased fibrosis, and increased the levels of various inflammatory cytokines (including chitinase-1, TGF-β, TNF-α, IL-1 β, IL-6, IL-4, and IL-13). CPX treatment significantly ameliorated these effects. In the obesity model, HFD significantly increased AHR, BALF cell proliferation, fibrosis, and the levels of various inflammatory cytokines. Particularly, compared to the control group, the mRNA expression of chitinase, chitinase-like molecules, and other molecules associated with inflammation and the immune system was significantly upregulated in the HFD and HFD/OVA groups. Immunofluorescence analysis also showed increased chitinase-1 expression in these groups. CPX significantly ameliorated all these effects in this model. SIGNIFICANCE This study showed that CPX can be an effective therapeutic agent in asthma, especially, obesity-induced and -aggravated asthma to protect against the progression to airway remodeling and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heejae Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yong Jun Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyerim Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chi Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Min Kwang Byun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Hwa Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Hyun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Won Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Taylor A Doherty
- Section of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hye Jung Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Section of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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2
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Ergün R, Ergün D, Özkan E, Kurt OK, Bacanli M, Körez MK. Can Serum Chitotriosidase Levels, Immune, and Oxidative Stress Parameters Be Early Diagnostic Indicators in Patients With Silicosis? J Occup Environ Med 2023; 65:e752-e758. [PMID: 37733997 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate the enzyme activity of chitotriosidase as a biomarker in early diagnosis silicosis and to investigate immune system response and oxidative stress caused by silica exposure. MATERIALS AND METHODS Silicosis patients (n = 116), exposed to silica without disease (n = 76), and healthy individuals (n = 55) were included. Serum levels of chitotriosidase, proinflammatory cytokines, oxidant-antioxidant, and immune parameters were measured. RESULTS Serum chitotriosidase enzyme levels in the silicosis group were statistically significantly higher than the exposure and control groups. Inflammatory biomarkers and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine levels were found to be statistically significantly higher in the silicosis and exposure group compared with the controls, while superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were lower. CONCLUSIONS Increased serum chitotriosidase level emerged as a biomarker that can not only distinguish silicosis from exposure and healthy controls but also indicate early pulmonary effects of silica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Recai Ergün
- From the Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Selcuk University, Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey (R.E., D.E.); Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois (E.Ö.); Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Occupational Medicine, Yedikule Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey (O.K.K.); Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Gulhane Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara, Turkey (M.B.); and Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey (M.K.K.)
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3
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Ocampo JC, Alzate JF, Barrera LF, Baena A. Tuberculosis Severity Predictive Model Using Mtb Variants and Serum Biomarkers in a Colombian Cohort of APTB Patients. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3110. [PMID: 38137331 PMCID: PMC10740695 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) that primarily affects the lungs. The severity of active pulmonary TB (APTB) is an important determinant of transmission, morbidity, mortality, disease experience, and treatment outcomes. Several publications have shown a high prevalence of disabling complications in individuals who have had severe APTB. Furthermore, certain strains of Mtb were associated with more severe disease outcomes. The use of biomarkers to predict severe APTB patients who are candidates for host-directed therapies, due to the high risk of developing post-tuberculous lung disease (PTLD), has not yet been implemented in the management of TB patients. We followed 108 individuals with APTB for 6 months using clinical tools, flow cytometry, and whole-genome sequencing (WGS). The median age of the study population was 26.5 years, and the frequency of women was 53.7%. In this study, we aimed to identify biomarkers that could help us to recognize individuals with APTB and improve our understanding of the immunopathology in these individuals. In this study, we conducted a follow-up on the treatment progress of 121 cases of APTB. The follow-up process commenced at the time of diagnosis (T0), continued with a control visit at 2 months (T2), and culminated in an exit appointment at 6 months following the completion of medical treatment (T6). People classified with severe APTB showed significantly higher levels of IL-6 (14.7 pg/mL; p < 0.05) compared to those with mild APTB (7.7 pg/mL) at T0. The AUCs for the ROC curves and the Matthews correlation coefficient values (MCC) demonstrate correlations ranging from moderate to very strong. We conducted WGS on 88 clinical isolates of Mtb, and our analysis revealed a total of 325 genes with insertions and deletions (Indels) within their coding regions when compared to the Mtb H37Rv reference genome. The pattern of association was found between serum levels of CHIT1 and the presence of Indels in Mtb isolates from patients with severe APTB. A key finding in our study was the high levels of CHIT1 in severe APTB patients. We identified a biomarker profile (IL-6, IFN-γ, IL-33, and CHIT1) that allows us to identify individuals with severe APTB, as well as the identification of a panel of polymorphisms (125) in clinical isolates of Mtb from individuals with severe APTB. Integrating these findings into a predictive model of severity would show promise for the management of APTB patients in the future, to guide host-directed therapy and reduce the prevalence of PTLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C. Ocampo
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética (GICIG), Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA), Medellín 050010, Colombia; (J.C.O.); (L.F.B.)
| | - Juan F. Alzate
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA), Medellín 050010, Colombia;
- Centro Nacional de Secuenciación Genómica (CNSG), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA), Medellín 050010, Colombia
| | - Luis F. Barrera
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética (GICIG), Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA), Medellín 050010, Colombia; (J.C.O.); (L.F.B.)
- Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA), Medellín 050010, Colombia
| | - Andres Baena
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética (GICIG), Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA), Medellín 050010, Colombia; (J.C.O.); (L.F.B.)
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA), Medellín 050010, Colombia;
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4
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Rzepka-Wrona P, Skoczyński S, Piotrowski WJ, Jassem E, Ziora D, Barczyk A. Characteristics of Interstitial Pneumonia With Autoimmune Features (IPAF): Protocol for a Multicenter Prospective Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e44802. [PMID: 37976081 PMCID: PMC10692886 DOI: 10.2196/44802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND "Interstitial lung disease" (ILD) is a broad term encompassing diseases of different backgrounds. "Interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features" (IPAF) is a recent term that implies the presence of autoimmunity. OBJECTIVE This study aims to determine the characteristics of Polish patients with IPAF, compare them with patients with other interstitial pneumonias, and search for the prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers of IPAF in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). METHODS This multicenter prospective study plans to recruit 240 participants divided into 1 study group and 2 control groups. Biological fluid samples will be collected according to Polish Respiratory Society management guidelines and stored at -80°C for further tests. Prospective 5-year observations of 60 newly diagnosed individuals are planned. The study will be divided into subsections. First, we plan to characterize Polish patients with IPAF (study group) against their peers with other ILDs (2 control groups). Control group 1 will comprise patients with idiopathic ILDs, including mainly idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and nonspecific interstitial pneumonia. Control group 2 will comprise patients with connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic sclerosis, polymyositis, dermatomyositis, Sjögren's syndrome, mixed connective tissue disease, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Radiological and functional parameters will be analyzed. Patients will be compared in terms of high-resolution computed tomography results, the 6-minute walking test performance, and pulmonary function test parameters. The diagnosis of IPAF will be reassessed on a regular basis through multidisciplinary discussion in order to determine its clinical stability. In the laboratory arm, inflammation and fibrosis pathways will be assessed. Cytokine levels (interleukin 8, transforming growth factor beta 1, chemokine C-C motif ligand [CXCL]18, CXCL1, surfactant protein [SP]-A, SP-D, Krebs von den Lungen-6 protein, and chitinase 1) will be measured in serum and BALF. A comparative analysis of serum and BALF cytokine levels will be performed in order to establish potential differences between systemic and local inflammatory pathways. In the quality of life (QoL) arm of the study, dyspnea and cough and their impact on various aspects of the QoL will be assessed. Depression and anxiety will be measured with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Modified Scale and the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire, and potential correlations with symptom prevalence will be assessed. RESULTS This study will start recruiting patients to phase 1 in October 2023. The final results will be available in 2028. We plan to publish preliminary results after 2-3 years from the start of phase 1. CONCLUSIONS This study will be a step toward a better understanding of IPAF etiopathogenesis and outcomes. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/44802.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Rzepka-Wrona
- Department of Pneumonology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Szymon Skoczyński
- Department of Lung Diseases and Tuberculosis, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Ewa Jassem
- Department of Pneumonology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Dariusz Ziora
- Department of Lung Diseases and Tuberculosis, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Adam Barczyk
- Department of Pneumonology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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5
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Amati F, Bongiovanni G, Tonutti A, Motta F, Stainer A, Mangiameli G, Aliberti S, Selmi C, De Santis M. Treatable Traits in Systemic Sclerosis. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2023; 65:251-276. [PMID: 37603199 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-023-08969-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic systemic disease within the spectrum of connective tissue diseases, specifically characterized by vascular abnormalities and inflammatory and fibrotic involvement of the skin and internal organs resulting in high morbidity and mortality. The clinical phenotype of SSc is heterogeneous, and serum autoantibodies together with the extent of skin involvement have a predictive value in the risk stratification. Current recommendations include an organ-based management according to the predominant involvement with only limited individual factors included in the treatment algorithm. Similar to what has been proposed for other chronic diseases, we hypothesize that a "treatable trait" approach based on relevant phenotypes and endotypes could address the unmet needs in SSc stratification and treatment to maximize the outcomes. We provide herein a comprehensive review and a critical discussion of the literature regarding potential treatable traits in SSc, focusing on established and candidate biomarkers, with the purpose of setting the bases for a precision medicine-based approach. The discussion, structured based on the organ involvement, allows to conjugate the pathogenetic mechanisms of tissue injury with the proposed predictors, particularly autoantibodies and other serum biomarkers. Ultimately, we are convinced that precision medicine is the ideal guide to manage a complex condition such as SSc for which available treatments are largely unsatisfactory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Amati
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Respiratory Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriele Bongiovanni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Tonutti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Motta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Stainer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Respiratory Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mangiameli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Aliberti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Respiratory Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Selmi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy.
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Maria De Santis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
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6
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Sikkema L, Ramírez-Suástegui C, Strobl DC, Gillett TE, Zappia L, Madissoon E, Markov NS, Zaragosi LE, Ji Y, Ansari M, Arguel MJ, Apperloo L, Banchero M, Bécavin C, Berg M, Chichelnitskiy E, Chung MI, Collin A, Gay ACA, Gote-Schniering J, Hooshiar Kashani B, Inecik K, Jain M, Kapellos TS, Kole TM, Leroy S, Mayr CH, Oliver AJ, von Papen M, Peter L, Taylor CJ, Walzthoeni T, Xu C, Bui LT, De Donno C, Dony L, Faiz A, Guo M, Gutierrez AJ, Heumos L, Huang N, Ibarra IL, Jackson ND, Kadur Lakshminarasimha Murthy P, Lotfollahi M, Tabib T, Talavera-López C, Travaglini KJ, Wilbrey-Clark A, Worlock KB, Yoshida M, van den Berge M, Bossé Y, Desai TJ, Eickelberg O, Kaminski N, Krasnow MA, Lafyatis R, Nikolic MZ, Powell JE, Rajagopal J, Rojas M, Rozenblatt-Rosen O, Seibold MA, Sheppard D, Shepherd DP, Sin DD, Timens W, Tsankov AM, Whitsett J, Xu Y, Banovich NE, Barbry P, Duong TE, Falk CS, Meyer KB, Kropski JA, Pe'er D, Schiller HB, Tata PR, Schultze JL, Teichmann SA, Misharin AV, Nawijn MC, Luecken MD, Theis FJ. An integrated cell atlas of the lung in health and disease. Nat Med 2023; 29:1563-1577. [PMID: 37291214 PMCID: PMC10287567 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-023-02327-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 115.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Single-cell technologies have transformed our understanding of human tissues. Yet, studies typically capture only a limited number of donors and disagree on cell type definitions. Integrating many single-cell datasets can address these limitations of individual studies and capture the variability present in the population. Here we present the integrated Human Lung Cell Atlas (HLCA), combining 49 datasets of the human respiratory system into a single atlas spanning over 2.4 million cells from 486 individuals. The HLCA presents a consensus cell type re-annotation with matching marker genes, including annotations of rare and previously undescribed cell types. Leveraging the number and diversity of individuals in the HLCA, we identify gene modules that are associated with demographic covariates such as age, sex and body mass index, as well as gene modules changing expression along the proximal-to-distal axis of the bronchial tree. Mapping new data to the HLCA enables rapid data annotation and interpretation. Using the HLCA as a reference for the study of disease, we identify shared cell states across multiple lung diseases, including SPP1+ profibrotic monocyte-derived macrophages in COVID-19, pulmonary fibrosis and lung carcinoma. Overall, the HLCA serves as an example for the development and use of large-scale, cross-dataset organ atlases within the Human Cell Atlas.
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Grants
- P50 AR080612 NIAMS NIH HHS
- R01 HL153375 NHLBI NIH HHS
- R01 HL127349 NHLBI NIH HHS
- U54 HL165443 NHLBI NIH HHS
- P01 HL107202 NHLBI NIH HHS
- U01 HL148856 NHLBI NIH HHS
- R21 HL156124 NHLBI NIH HHS
- U54 AG075931 NIA NIH HHS
- Wellcome Trust
- R01 HL146557 NHLBI NIH HHS
- R01 HL123766 NHLBI NIH HHS
- U01 HL148861 NHLBI NIH HHS
- R01 HL141852 NHLBI NIH HHS
- R01 ES034350 NIEHS NIH HHS
- UL1 TR001863 NCATS NIH HHS
- R01 HL126176 NHLBI NIH HHS
- R21 HL161760 NHLBI NIH HHS
- R01 HL145372 NHLBI NIH HHS
- P01 AG049665 NIA NIH HHS
- K12 HD105271 NICHD NIH HHS
- U19 AI135964 NIAID NIH HHS
- P30 CA008748 NCI NIH HHS
- R01 HL142568 NHLBI NIH HHS
- R01 HL153312 NHLBI NIH HHS
- U54 AG079754 NIA NIH HHS
- R56 HL157632 NHLBI NIH HHS
- R01 HL158139 NHLBI NIH HHS
- R01 HL135156 NHLBI NIH HHS
- R01 HL153045 NHLBI NIH HHS
- U54 HL145608 NHLBI NIH HHS
- P50 AR060780 NIAMS NIH HHS
- R01 HL128439 NHLBI NIH HHS
- R01 HL146519 NHLBI NIH HHS
- R01 HL117004 NHLBI NIH HHS
- R01 HL068702 NHLBI NIH HHS
- U01 HL145567 NHLBI NIH HHS
- P01 HL132821 NHLBI NIH HHS
- MR/R015635/1 Medical Research Council
- R01 MD010443 NIMHD NIH HHS
- Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, LLC Seed Network grant (CZF2019-002438) “Lung Cell Atlas 1.0” NIH 1U54HL145608-01 CZIF2022-007488 from the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative Foundation CZIF2022-007488 from the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative Foundation
- ESPOD fellowship of EMBL-EBI and Sanger Institute
- 3IA Cote d’Azur PhD program
- The Ministry of Economic Affairs and Climate Policy by means of the PPP
- EC | Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020)
- Joachim Herz Stiftung (Joachim Herz Foundation)
- P50 AR060780-06A1
- University College London, Birkbeck MRC Doctoral Training Programme
- Jikei University School of Medicine (Jikei University)
- 5R01HL14254903, 4UH3CA25513503
- R01HL127349, R01HL141852, U01HL145567 and CZI
- MRC Clinician Scientist Fellowship (MR/W00111X/1)
- Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, LLC Seed Network grant (CZF2019-002438) “Lung Cell Atlas 1.0” 2R01HL068702
- R01 HL135156, R01 MD010443, R01 HL128439, P01 HL132821, P01 HL107202, R01 HL117004, and DOD Grant W81WH-16-2-0018
- HL142568 and HL14507 from the NHLBI
- Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, LLC Seed Network grant (CZF2019-002438) “Lung Cell Atlas 1.0”, 2R01HL068702
- Wellcome (WT211276/Z/18/Z) Sanger core grant WT206194 CZIF2022-007488 from the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative Foundation
- R21HL156124, R56HL157632, and R21HL161760
- CZI, 5U01HL148856
- CZI, 5U01HL148856, R01 HL153045
- U.S. Department of Defense (United States Department of Defense)
- The National Institute of Health R01HL145372
- Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (Foundation for Medical Research in France)
- Conseil Départemental des Alpes Maritimes
- Inserm Cross-cutting Scientific Program HuDeCA 2018, ANR SAHARRA (ANR-19-CE14–0027), ANR-19-P3IA-0002–3IA, the National Infrastructure France Génomique (ANR-10-INBS-09-03), PPIA 4D-OMICS (21-ESRE-0052), and the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, LLC Seed Network grant (CZF2019-002438) “Lung Cell Atlas 1.0”.
- Wellcome Trust (Wellcome)
- Sanger core grant WT206194 Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, LLC Seed Network grant (CZF2019-002438) “Lung Cell Atlas 1.0” CZIF2022-007488 from the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative Foundation
- Doris Duke Charitable Foundation (DDCF)
- The National Institute of Health R01HL145372 Department of Defense W81XWH-19-1-0416
- The National Institute of Health R01HL146557 and R01HL153375 and funds from Chan Zuckerberg Initiative - Human Lung Cell Atlas-pilot award
- 1U54HL145608-01
- CZI Deep Visual Proteomics
- 1U54HL145608-01, U01HL148861-03
- 1) the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, LLC Seed Network grant CZF2019-002438 “Lung Cell Atlas 1.0”; 2) R01 HL153312; 3) U19 AI135964; 4) P01 AG049665
- Netherlands Lung Foundation project nos. 5.1.14.020 and 4.1.18.226, LLC Seed Network grant CZF2019-002438 “Lung Cell Atlas 1.0”
- grant number 2019-002438 from the Chan Zuckerberg Foundation, by the Helmholtz Association’s Initiative and Networking Fund through Helmholtz AI [ZT-I-PF-5-01] and by the Bavarian Ministry of Science and the Arts in the framework of the Bavarian Research Association “ForInter” (Interaction of human brain cells)
- 1 U01 HL14555-01, R01 HL123766-04
- NIH U54 AG075931, 5R01 HL146519
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Sikkema
- Department of Computational Health, Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
- TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ciro Ramírez-Suástegui
- Department of Computational Health, Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
- La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Daniel C Strobl
- Department of Computational Health, Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tessa E Gillett
- Experimental Pulmonary and Inflammatory Research, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Luke Zappia
- Department of Computational Health, Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Mathematics, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | | | - Nikolay S Markov
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Laure-Emmanuelle Zaragosi
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Côte d'Azur and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Valbonne, France
| | - Yuge Ji
- Department of Computational Health, Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
- TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Meshal Ansari
- Department of Computational Health, Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity (a member of the German Center for Lung Research) and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Marie-Jeanne Arguel
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Côte d'Azur and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Valbonne, France
| | - Leonie Apperloo
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Martin Banchero
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Christophe Bécavin
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Côte d'Azur and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Valbonne, France
| | - Marijn Berg
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Mei-I Chung
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Antoine Collin
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Côte d'Azur and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Valbonne, France
- 3IA Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Aurore C A Gay
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Janine Gote-Schniering
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity (a member of the German Center for Lung Research) and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Baharak Hooshiar Kashani
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity (a member of the German Center for Lung Research) and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Kemal Inecik
- Department of Computational Health, Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
- TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Manu Jain
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Theodore S Kapellos
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity (a member of the German Center for Lung Research) and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tessa M Kole
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sylvie Leroy
- Pulmonology Department, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OncoAge, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Christoph H Mayr
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity (a member of the German Center for Lung Research) and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Lance Peter
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Chase J Taylor
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Chuan Xu
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Linh T Bui
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Carlo De Donno
- Department of Computational Health, Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Leander Dony
- Department of Computational Health, Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
- TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Translational Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry and International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Alen Faiz
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- School of Life Sciences, Respiratory Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Minzhe Guo
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, US
| | | | - Lukas Heumos
- Department of Computational Health, Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
- TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity (a member of the German Center for Lung Research) and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ni Huang
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ignacio L Ibarra
- Department of Computational Health, Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nathan D Jackson
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Preetish Kadur Lakshminarasimha Murthy
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mohammad Lotfollahi
- Department of Computational Health, Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tracy Tabib
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Carlos Talavera-López
- Department of Computational Health, Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Klinikum der Lüdwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Kyle J Travaglini
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Kaylee B Worlock
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Masahiro Yoshida
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Maarten van den Berge
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Yohan Bossé
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Department of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tushar J Desai
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Oliver Eickelberg
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Naftali Kaminski
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mark A Krasnow
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Robert Lafyatis
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Marko Z Nikolic
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Joseph E Powell
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Cellular Genomics Futures Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jayaraj Rajagopal
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Orit Rozenblatt-Rosen
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Cellular and Tissue Genomics, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Max A Seibold
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Dean Sheppard
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Douglas P Shepherd
- Department of Physics and Center for Biological Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Don D Sin
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Wim Timens
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Alexander M Tsankov
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeffrey Whitsett
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Yan Xu
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Pascal Barbry
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Côte d'Azur and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Valbonne, France
- 3IA Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Thu Elizabeth Duong
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Christine S Falk
- Institute for Transplant Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Jonathan A Kropski
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Dana Pe'er
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Herbert B Schiller
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity (a member of the German Center for Lung Research) and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Joachim L Schultze
- Department of Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- PRECISE Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen and University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sara A Teichmann
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alexander V Misharin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Martijn C Nawijn
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Malte D Luecken
- Department of Computational Health, Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany.
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity (a member of the German Center for Lung Research) and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Fabian J Theis
- Department of Computational Health, Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany.
- TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
- Department of Mathematics, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany.
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7
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Declercq J, Hammad H, Lambrecht BN, Smole U. Chitinases and chitinase-like proteins in asthma. Semin Immunol 2023; 67:101759. [PMID: 37031560 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Despite the lack of endogenous chitin synthesis, mammalian genomes encode two enzymatically active true chitinases (chitotriosidase and acidic mammalian chitinase) and a variable number of chitinase-like proteins (CLPs) that have no enzyme activity but bind chitin. Chitinases and CLPs are prominent components of type-2 immune response-mediated respiratory diseases. However, despite extensive research into their role in allergic airway disease, there is still no agreement on whether they are mere biomarkers of disease or actual disease drivers. Functions ascribed to chitinases and CLPs include, but are not limited to host defense against chitin-containing pathogens, directly promoting inflammation, and modulating tissue remodeling and fibrosis. Here, we discuss in detail the chitin-dependent and -independent roles of chitinases and CLPs in the context of allergic airway disease, and recent advances and emerging concepts in the field that might identify opportunities for new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jozefien Declercq
- Immunoregulation Unit, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hamida Hammad
- Immunoregulation Unit, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart N Lambrecht
- Immunoregulation Unit, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Ursula Smole
- Immunoregulation Unit, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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8
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Sklepkiewicz P, Dymek B, Mlacki M, Zagozdzon A, Salamon M, Siwińska AM, Mazurkiewicz MP, de Souza Xavier Costa N, Mazur M, Mauad T, Gołębiowski A, Dzwonek K, Gołąb J, Zasłona Z. Inhibition of Macrophage-Specific CHIT1 as an Approach to Treat Airway Remodeling in Severe Asthma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054719. [PMID: 36902148 PMCID: PMC10003607 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitotriosidase (CHIT1) is an enzyme produced by macrophages that regulates their differentiation and polarization. Lung macrophages have been implicated in asthma development; therefore, we asked whether pharmacological inhibition of macrophage-specific CHIT1 would have beneficial effects in asthma, as it has been shown previously in other lung disorders. CHIT1 expression was evaluated in the lung tissues of deceased individuals with severe, uncontrolled, steroid-naïve asthma. OATD-01, a chitinase inhibitor, was tested in a 7-week-long house dust mite (HDM) murine model of chronic asthma characterized by accumulation of CHIT1-expressing macrophages. CHIT1 is a dominant chitinase activated in fibrotic areas of the lungs of individuals with fatal asthma. OATD-01 given in a therapeutic treatment regimen inhibited both inflammatory and airway remodeling features of asthma in the HDM model. These changes were accompanied by a significant and dose-dependent decrease in chitinolytic activity in BAL fluid and plasma, confirming in vivo target engagement. Both IL-13 expression and TGFβ1 levels in BAL fluid were decreased and a significant reduction in subepithelial airway fibrosis and airway wall thickness was observed. These results suggest that pharmacological chitinase inhibition offers protection against the development of fibrotic airway remodeling in severe asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Natalia de Souza Xavier Costa
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 455, Room 1150, Cerqueira Cesar, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | | | - Thais Mauad
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 455, Room 1150, Cerqueira Cesar, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | | | | | - Jakub Gołąb
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
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9
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Zhao Z, Li F, Chen W, Yang Q, Lu H, Zhang J. Discovery of aromatic 2-(3-(methylcarbamoyl) guanidino)-N-aylacetamides as highly potent chitinase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 80:117172. [PMID: 36709570 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Chitinases are important glycoside hydrolases that are closely related to bacterial pathogenesis, fungal cell wall remodelling, and insect moulting. Consequently, chitinases have become attractive targets for therapeutic drugs and pesticides. In this study, we designed and synthesised a series of novel chitinase inhibitors based on the N-methylcarbamoylguanidinyl group of the natural product argifin. The most active compound 8h showed strong inhibitory activity against the group I chitinases HsChit1, SmChiB, and OfChi-h, with IC50 values of 0.19 µM, 4.2 nM, and 25 nM, respectively. Binding mode studies revealed that the compound 8h formed π-π stacking/hydrophobic interactions at +1 or +2 subsite of chitinases. In addition, a key hydrogen bond net was formed between the pharmacophore N-methylcarbamoylguanidinyl and key residues at the -1 subsite. Together, the findings of this study provide novel insights into the development of potent small-molecule chitinase inhibitors using a combination of planar structures and N-methylcarbamoylguanidinyl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiang Zhao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection and Shenzhen Agricultural Genome Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection and Shenzhen Agricultural Genome Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.
| | - Huizhe Lu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Di Francesco AM, Verrecchia E, Manna S, Urbani A, Manna R. The chitinases as biomarkers in immune-mediate diseases. Clin Chem Lab Med 2022:cclm-2022-0767. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2022-0767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The role of chitinases has been focused as potential biomarkers in a wide number of inflammatory diseases, in monitoring active disease state, and predicting prognosis and response to therapies. The main chitinases, CHIT1 and YKL-40, are derived from 18 glycosyl hydrolases macrophage activation and play important roles in defense against chitin-containing pathogens and in food processing. Moreover, chitinases may have organ- as well as cell-specific effects in the context of infectious diseases and inflammatory disorders and able to induce tissue remodelling. The CHIT1 measurement is an easy, reproducible, reliable, and cost-effective affordable assay. The clinical use of CHIT1 for the screening of lysosomal storage disorders is quite practical, when proper cut-off values are determined for each laboratory. The potential of CHIT1 and chitinases has not been fully explored yet and future studies will produce many surprising discoveries in the immunology and allergology fields of research. However, since the presence of a null CHIT1 gene in a subpopulation would be responsible of false-negative values, the assay should be completed with the other markers such ACE and, if necessary, by genetic analysis when CHIT1 is unexpected low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Maria Di Francesco
- Periodic Fever and Rare Diseases Research Centre, Catholic University of Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy
| | - Elena Verrecchia
- Periodic Fever and Rare Diseases Research Centre, Catholic University of Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy
| | - Stefano Manna
- Periodic Fever and Rare Diseases Research Centre, Catholic University of Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy
| | - Andrea Urbani
- Institute of Internal Medicine, Policlinico A. Gemelli Foundation IRCCS , Rome , Italy
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Policlinico A. Gemelli Foundation IRCCS , Rome , Italy
| | - Raffaele Manna
- Periodic Fever and Rare Diseases Research Centre, Catholic University of Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy
- Institute of Internal Medicine, Policlinico A. Gemelli Foundation IRCCS , Rome , Italy
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11
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Lee JH, Lee CM, Lee JH, Kim MO, Park JW, Kamle S, Akosman B, Herzog EL, Peng XY, Elias JA, Lee CG. Kasugamycin Is a Novel Chitinase 1 Inhibitor with Strong Antifibrotic Effects on Pulmonary Fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2022; 67:309-319. [PMID: 35679109 PMCID: PMC9447144 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2021-0156oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a devastating lung disease with few therapeutic options. CHIT1 (chitinase 1), an 18 glycosyl hydrolase family member, contributes to the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis through the regulation of TGF-β (transforming growth factor-β) signaling and effector function. Therefore, CHIT1 is a potential therapeutic target for pulmonary fibrosis. This study aimed to identify and characterize a druggable CHIT1 inhibitor with strong antifibrotic activity and minimal toxicity for therapeutic application to pulmonary fibrosis. Extensive screening of small molecule libraries identified the aminoglycoside antibiotic kasugamycin (KSM) as a potent CHIT1 inhibitor. Elevated concentrations of CHIT1 were detected in the lungs of patients with pulmonary fibrosis. In in vivo bleomycin- and TGF-β-stimulated murine models of pulmonary fibrosis, KSM showed impressive antifibrotic effects in both preventive and therapeutic conditions. In vitro studies also demonstrated that KSM inhibits fibrotic macrophage activation, fibroblast proliferation, and myofibroblast transformation. Null mutation of TGFBRAP1 (TGF-β-associated protein 1), a recently identified CHIT1 interacting signaling molecule, phenocopied antifibrotic effects of KSM in in vivo lungs and in vitro fibroblasts responses. KSM inhibits the physical association between CHIT1 and TGFBRAP1, suggesting that the antifibrotic effect of KSM is mediated through regulation of TGFBRAP1, at least in part. These studies demonstrate that KSM is a novel CHIT1 inhibitor with a strong antifibrotic effect that can be further developed as an effective and safe therapeutic drug for pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hyun Lee
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chang-Min Lee
- Department Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and
| | - Joyce H. Lee
- Department Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and
| | - Mun-Ock Kim
- Natural Medicine Research Center, KRIBB, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea; and
| | - Jin Wook Park
- Department Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and
| | | | - Bedia Akosman
- Department Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and
| | - Erica L. Herzog
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Xue Yan Peng
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jack A. Elias
- Department Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and
- Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Chun Geun Lee
- Department Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and
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12
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Kamle S, Ma B, Lee CM, Schor G, Zhou Y, Lee CG, Elias JA. Host chitinase 3-like-1 is a universal therapeutic target for SARS-CoV-2 viral variants in COVID-19. eLife 2022; 11:e78273. [PMID: 35735790 PMCID: PMC9273216 DOI: 10.7554/elife.78273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2; SC2), which has caused a worldwide pandemic with striking morbidity and mortality. Evaluation of SC2 strains demonstrated impressive genetic variability, and many of these viral variants are now defined as variants of concern (VOC) that cause enhanced transmissibility, decreased susceptibility to antibody neutralization or therapeutics, and/or the ability to induce severe disease. Currently, the delta (δ) and omicron (ο) variants are particularly problematic based on their impressive and unprecedented transmissibility and ability to cause breakthrough infections. The delta variant also accumulates at high concentrations in host tissues and has caused waves of lethal disease. Because studies from our laboratory have demonstrated that chitinase 3-like-1 (CHI3L1) stimulates ACE2 and Spike (S) priming proteases that mediate SC2 infection, studies were undertaken to determine if interventions that target CHI3L1 are effective inhibitors of SC2 viral variant infection. Here, we demonstrate that CHI3L1 augments epithelial cell infection by pseudoviruses that express the alpha, beta, gamma, delta, or omicron S proteins and that the CHI3L1 inhibitors anti-CHI3L1 and kasugamycin inhibit epithelial cell infection by these VOC pseudovirus moieties. Thus, CHI3L1 is a universal, VOC-independent therapeutic target in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchitra Kamle
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown UniversityProvidenceUnited States
| | - Bing Ma
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown UniversityProvidenceUnited States
| | - Chang Min Lee
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown UniversityProvidenceUnited States
| | - Gail Schor
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown UniversityProvidenceUnited States
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown UniversityProvidenceUnited States
| | - Chun Geun Lee
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown UniversityProvidenceUnited States
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13
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Lee SY, Lee CM, Ma B, Kamle S, Elias JA, Zhou Y, Lee CG. Targeting Chitinase 1 and Chitinase 3-Like 1 as Novel Therapeutic Strategy of Pulmonary Fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:826471. [PMID: 35370755 PMCID: PMC8969576 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.826471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitinase 1 (CHIT1) and chitinase 3-like-1 (CHI3L1), two representative members of 18-Glycosyl hydrolases family, are significantly implicated in the pathogenesis of various human diseases characterized by inflammation and remodeling. Notably, dysregulated expression of CHIT1 and CHI3L1 was noted in the patients with pulmonary fibrosis and their levels were inversely correlated with clinical outcome of the patients. CHIT1 and CHI3L1, mainly expressed in alveolar macrophages, regulate profibrotic macrophage activation, fibroblast proliferation and myofibroblast transformation, and TGF-β signaling and effector function. Although the mechanism or the pathways that CHIT1 and CHI3L1 use to regulate pulmonary fibrosis have not been fully understood yet, these studies identify CHIT1 and CHI3L1 as significant modulators of fibroproliferative responses leading to persistent and progressive pulmonary fibrosis. These studies suggest a possibility that CHIT1 and CHI3L1 could be reasonable therapeutic targets to intervene or reverse established pulmonary fibrosis. In this review, we will discuss specific roles and regulatory mechanisms of CHIT1 and CHI3L1 in profibrotic cell and tissue responses as novel therapeutic targets of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suh-Young Lee
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, 185 Meeting St., Providence, RI, United States
- Devision of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chang-Min Lee
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, 185 Meeting St., Providence, RI, United States
| | - Bing Ma
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, 185 Meeting St., Providence, RI, United States
| | - Suchitra Kamle
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, 185 Meeting St., Providence, RI, United States
| | - Jack A. Elias
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, 185 Meeting St., Providence, RI, United States
| | - Yang Zhou
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, 185 Meeting St., Providence, RI, United States
| | - Chun Geun Lee
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, 185 Meeting St., Providence, RI, United States
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14
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Sklepkiewicz P, Dymek BA, Mlacki M, Koralewski R, Mazur M, Nejman-Gryz P, Korur S, Zagozdzon A, Rymaszewska A, von der Thüsen JH, Siwińska AM, Güner NC, Cheda Ł, Paplinska-Goryca M, Proboszcz M, van den Bosch TPP, Górska K, Golab J, Kamiński RM, Krenke R, Golebiowski A, Dzwonek K, Dobrzanski P. Inhibition of CHIT1 as a novel therapeutic approach in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 919:174792. [PMID: 35122869 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and eventually fatal lung disease with a complex etiology. Approved drugs, nintedanib and pirfenidone, modify disease progression, but IPF remains incurable and there is an urgent need for new therapies. We identified chitotriosidase (CHIT1) as new driver of fibrosis in IPF and a novel therapeutic target. We demonstrate that CHIT1 activity and expression are significantly increased in serum (3-fold) and induced sputum (4-fold) from IPF patients. In the lungs CHIT1 is expressed in a distinct subpopulation of profibrotic, disease-specific macrophages, which are only present in patients with ILDs and CHIT1 is one of the defining markers of this fibrosis-associated gene cluster. To define CHIT1 role in fibrosis, we used the therapeutic protocol of the bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis mouse model. We demonstrate that in the context of chitinase induction and the macrophage-specific expression of CHIT1, this model recapitulates lung fibrosis in ILDs. Genetic inactivation of Chit1 attenuated bleomycin-induced fibrosis (decreasing the Ashcroft scoring by 28%) and decreased expression of profibrotic factors in lung tissues. Pharmacological inhibition of chitinases by OATD-01 reduced fibrosis and soluble collagen concentration. OATD-01 exhibited anti-fibrotic activity comparable to pirfenidone resulting in the reduction of the Ashcroft score by 32% and 31%, respectively. These studies provide a preclinical proof-of-concept for the antifibrotic effects of OATD-01 and establish CHIT1 as a potential new therapeutic target for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Barbara A Dymek
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland; Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
| | | | | | | | - Patrycja Nejman-Gryz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Serdar Korur
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Jan H von der Thüsen
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Łukasz Cheda
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Paplinska-Goryca
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Proboszcz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Katarzyna Górska
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Golab
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Rafał Krenke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
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15
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Kamle S, Ma B, Lee CM, Schor G, Zhou Y, Lee CG, Elias JA. Host Chitinase 3-like-1 is a Universal Therapeutic Target for SARS-CoV-2 Viral Variants in COVID 19. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2022:2022.01.21.477274. [PMID: 35118470 PMCID: PMC8811903 DOI: 10.1101/2022.01.21.477274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
COVID 19 is the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2; SC2) which has caused a world-wide pandemic with striking morbidity and mortality. Evaluation of SC2 strains demonstrated impressive genetic variability and many of these viral variants are now defined as variants of concern (VOC) that cause enhanced transmissibility, decreased susceptibility to antibody neutralization or therapeutics and or the ability to induce severe disease. Currently, the delta (δ) and omicron (o) variants are particularly problematic based on their impressive and unprecedented transmissibility and ability to cause break through infections. The delta variant also accumulates at high concentrations in host tissues and has caused waves of lethal disease. Because studies from our laboratory have demonstrated that chitinase 3-like-1 (CHI3L1) stimulates ACE2 and Spike (S) priming proteases that mediate SC2 infection, studies were undertaken to determine if interventions that target CHI3L1 are effective inhibitors of SC2 viral variant infection. Here we demonstrate that CHI3L1 augments epithelial cell infection by pseudoviruses that express the alpha, beta, gamma, delta or omicron S proteins and that the CHI3L1 inhibitors anti-CHI3L1 and kasugamycin inhibit epithelial cell infection by these VOC pseudovirus moieties. Thus, CHI3L1 is a universal, VOC-independent therapeutic target in COVID 19.
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16
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Mazur M, Włodarczyk J, Świerczyński M, Kordek R, Grzybowski MM, Olczak J, Fichna J. The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Acidic Mammalian Chitinase Inhibitor OAT-177 in DSS-Induced Mouse Model of Colitis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042159. [PMID: 35216274 PMCID: PMC8875595 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic and relapsing gastrointestinal disorders, where a significant proportion of patients are unresponsive or lose response to traditional and currently used therapies. In the current study, we propose a new concept for anti-inflammatory treatment based on a selective acidic mammalian chitinase (AMCase) inhibitor. The functions of chitinases remain unclear, but they have been shown to be implicated in the pathology of various inflammatory disorders regarding the lung (asthma, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis) and gastrointestinal tract (IBD and colon cancer). The aim of the study is to investigate the impact of AMCase inhibitor (OAT-177) on the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced models of colitis. In the short-term therapeutic protocol, OAT-177 given intragastrically in a 30 mg/kg dose, twice daily, produced a significant (p < 0.001) anti-inflammatory effect, as shown by the macroscopic score. Additionally, OAT-177 significantly decreased TNF-α mRNA levels and MPO activity compared to DSS-only treated mice. Intraperitoneal administration of OAT-177 at a dose of 50 mg/kg caused statistically relevant reduction of the colon length. In the long-term therapeutic protocol, OAT-177 given intragastrically in a dose of 30 mg/kg, twice daily, significantly improved colon length and body weight compared to DSS-induced colitis. This is the first study proving that AMCase inhibitors may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Mazur
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (M.M.); (J.W.); (M.Ś.)
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland; (M.M.G.); (J.O.)
| | - Jakub Włodarczyk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (M.M.); (J.W.); (M.Ś.)
| | - Mikołaj Świerczyński
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (M.M.); (J.W.); (M.Ś.)
| | - Radzisław Kordek
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 251, 92-213 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Marcin M. Grzybowski
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland; (M.M.G.); (J.O.)
| | - Jacek Olczak
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland; (M.M.G.); (J.O.)
| | - Jakub Fichna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (M.M.); (J.W.); (M.Ś.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-42-272-57-07
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17
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Kim MN, Hong JY, Kim EG, Lee JW, Lee SY, Kim KW, Shim HS, Lee CG, Elias JA, Lee YJ, Sohn MH. A Novel Regulatory Role of ALCAM in the Pathogenesis of Pulmonary Fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2022; 66:415-427. [DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2020-0581oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mi Na Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, 37991, Pediatrics, Seodaemun-gu, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Jung Yeon Hong
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, 37991, Seodaemun-gu, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Eun Gyul Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Pediatrics, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Jae Woo Lee
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, 37991, Seodaemun-gu, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Soo Yeon Lee
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, 37991, Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Allergy, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Kyung Won Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Pediatrics, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Hyo Sup Shim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, 37991, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Chun Geun Lee
- Brown University, 6752, Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Jack A. Elias
- Brown University, Medicine and Biologic Science, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Yong Ju Lee
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, 37991, Pediatrics, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do , Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Myung Hyun Sohn
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, 37991, Pediatrics, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
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18
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Sager TM, Umbright CM, Mustafa GM, Roberts JR, Orandle MS, Cumpston JL, McKinney WG, Boots T, Kashon ML, Joseph P. Pulmonary toxicity and gene expression changes in response to whole-body inhalation exposure to multi-walled carbon nanotubes in rats. Inhal Toxicol 2022; 34:200-218. [PMID: 35648795 PMCID: PMC9885491 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2022.2081386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the pulmonary toxicity induced by exposure to one form of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT-7).Materials and methods: Rats were exposed, by whole-body inhalation, to air or an aerosol containing MWCNT-7 particles at target cumulative doses (concentration x time) ranging from 22.5 to 180 (mg/m3)h over a three-day (6 hours/day) period and toxicity and global gene expression profiles were determined in the lungs.Results: MWCNT-7 particles, associated with alveolar macrophages (AMs), were detected in rat lungs following the exposure. Mild to moderate lung pathological changes consisting of increased cellularity, thickening of the alveolar wall, alveolitis, fibrosis, and granuloma formation were detected. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) toxicity parameters such as lactate dehydrogenase activity, number of AMs and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), intracellular oxidant generation by phagocytes, and levels of cytokines were significantly (p < 0.05) increased in response to exposure to MWCNT-7. Global gene expression profiling identified several significantly differentially expressed genes (fold change >1.5 and FDR p value <0.05) in all the MWCNT-7 exposed rats. Bioinformatic analysis of the gene expression data identified significant enrichment of several diseases/biological function categories (for example, cancer, leukocyte migration, inflammatory response, mitosis, and movement of phagocytes) and canonical pathways (for example, kinetochore metaphase signaling pathway, granulocyte and agranulocyte adhesion and diapedesis, acute phase response, and LXR/RXR activation). The alterations in the lung toxicity parameters and gene expression changes exhibited a dose-response to the MWCNT exposure.Conclusions: Taken together, the data provided insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the pulmonary toxicity induced by inhalation exposure of rats to MWCNT-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina M. Sager
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Christina M. Umbright
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Gul Mehnaz Mustafa
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Jenny R. Roberts
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Marlene S. Orandle
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Jared L. Cumpston
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Walter G. McKinney
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Theresa Boots
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Michael L. Kashon
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Pius Joseph
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, WV, USA
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19
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Ferdinand JR, Morrison MI, Andreasson A, Charlton C, Chhatwal AK, Scott WE, Borthwick LA, Clatworthy MR, Fisher AJ. Transcriptional analysis identifies potential novel biomarkers associated with successful ex-vivo perfusion of human donor lungs. Clin Transplant 2021; 36:e14570. [PMID: 34954872 PMCID: PMC9285052 DOI: 10.1111/ctr.14570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Transplantation is an effective treatment for end‐stage lung disease, but the donor organ shortage is a major problem. Ex‐vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) of extended criteria organs enables functional assessment to facilitate clinical decision‐making around utilization, but the molecular processes occurring during EVLP, and how they differ between more or less viable lungs, remain to be determined. Methods We used RNA sequencing of lung tissue to delineate changes in gene expression occurring in 10 donor lungs undergoing EVLP and compare lungs that were deemed non‐transplantable (n = 4) to those deemed transplantable (n = 6) following perfusion. Results We found that lungs deemed unsuitable for transplantation had increased induction of innate immune pathways and lower expression of oxidative phosphorylation related genes. Furthermore, the expression of SCGB1A1, a gene encoding an anti‐inflammatory secretoglobin CC10, and other club cell genes was significantly decreased in non‐transplantable lungs, while CHIT‐1 was increased. Using a larger validation cohort (n = 17), we confirmed that the ratio of CHIT1 and SCGB1A1 protein levels in lung perfusate have potential utility to distinguish transplantable from non‐transplantable lungs (AUC .81). Conclusions Together, our data identify novel biomarkers that may assist with pre‐transplant lung assessment, as well as pathways that may be amenable to therapeutic intervention during EVLPAQ6.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Robert Ferdinand
- Molecular Immunity Unit, University of Cambridge Department of Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Anders Andreasson
- Institute of Transplantation, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Catriona Charlton
- Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, UK
| | - Alisha Kaur Chhatwal
- Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, UK
| | - William Earl Scott
- Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, UK
| | - Lee Anthony Borthwick
- Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, UK
| | - Menna Ruth Clatworthy
- Molecular Immunity Unit, University of Cambridge Department of Medicine, Cambridge, UK.,Cellular Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Andrew J Fisher
- Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, UK.,Institute of Transplantation, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
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20
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Borden ES, Adams AC, Buetow KH, Wilson MA, Bauman JE, Curiel-Lewandrowski C, Chow HHS, LaFleur BJ, Hastings KT. Shared Gene Expression and Immune Pathway Changes Associated with Progression from Nevi to Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 14:cancers14010003. [PMID: 35008167 PMCID: PMC8749980 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Melanoma is a deadly skin cancer, and the incidence of melanoma is rising. Chemoprevention, using small molecule drugs to prevent the development of cancer, is a key strategy that could reduce the burden of melanoma on society. The long-term goal of our study is to develop a gene signature biomarker of progression from nevi to melanoma. We found that a small number of genes can distinguish nevi from melanoma and identified shared genes and immune-related pathways that are associated with progression from nevi to melanoma across independent datasets. This study demonstrates (1) a novel approach to aid melanoma chemoprevention trials by using a gene signature as a surrogate endpoint and (2) the feasibility of determining a gene signature biomarker of melanoma progression. Abstract There is a need to identify molecular biomarkers of melanoma progression to assist the development of chemoprevention strategies to lower melanoma incidence. Using datasets containing gene expression for dysplastic nevi and melanoma or melanoma arising in a nevus, we performed differential gene expression analysis and regularized regression models to identify genes and pathways that were associated with progression from nevi to melanoma. A small number of genes distinguished nevi from melanoma. Differential expression of seven genes was identified between nevi and melanoma in three independent datasets. C1QB, CXCL9, CXCL10, DFNA5 (GSDME), FCGR1B, and PRAME were increased in melanoma, and SCGB1D2 was decreased in melanoma, compared to dysplastic nevi or nevi that progressed to melanoma. Further supporting an association with melanomagenesis, these genes demonstrated a linear change in expression from benign nevi to dysplastic nevi to radial growth phase melanoma to vertical growth phase melanoma. The genes associated with melanoma progression showed significant enrichment of multiple pathways related to the immune system. This study demonstrates (1) a novel application of bioinformatic approaches to aid clinical trials of melanoma chemoprevention and (2) the feasibility of determining a gene signature biomarker of melanomagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth S. Borden
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (E.S.B.); (A.C.A.)
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Phoenix, AZ 85012, USA
| | - Anngela C. Adams
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (E.S.B.); (A.C.A.)
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Phoenix, AZ 85012, USA
| | - Kenneth H. Buetow
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA; (K.H.B.); (M.A.W.)
- Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | - Melissa A. Wilson
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA; (K.H.B.); (M.A.W.)
- Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | - Julie E. Bauman
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine Tucson, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; (J.E.B.); (C.C.-L.); (H.-H.S.C.)
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Clara Curiel-Lewandrowski
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine Tucson, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; (J.E.B.); (C.C.-L.); (H.-H.S.C.)
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - H.-H. Sherry Chow
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine Tucson, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; (J.E.B.); (C.C.-L.); (H.-H.S.C.)
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | | | - Karen Taraszka Hastings
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (E.S.B.); (A.C.A.)
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Phoenix, AZ 85012, USA
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-602-827-2106
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21
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Kamle S, Ma B, He CH, Akosman B, Zhou Y, Lee CM, El-Deiry WS, Huntington K, Liang O, Machan JT, Kang MJ, Shin HJ, Mizoguchi E, Lee CG, Elias JA. Chitinase 3-like-1 is a therapeutic target that mediates the effects of aging in COVID-19. JCI Insight 2021; 6:e148749. [PMID: 34747367 PMCID: PMC8663553 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.148749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is caused by SARS-CoV-2 (SC2) and is more prevalent and severe in elderly and patients with comorbid diseases (CM). Because chitinase 3-like-1 (CHI3L1) is induced during aging and CM, the relationships between CHI3L1 and SC2 were investigated. Here, we demonstrate that CHI3L1 is a potent stimulator of the SC2 receptor angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and viral spike protein priming proteases (SPP), that ACE2 and SPP are induced during aging, and that anti-CHI3L1, kasugamycin, and inhibitors of phosphorylation abrogate these ACE2- and SPP-inductive events. Human studies also demonstrate that the levels of circulating CHI3L1 are increased in the elderly and patients with CM, where they correlate with COVID-19 severity. These studies demonstrate that CHI3L1 is a potent stimulator of ACE2 and SPP, that this induction is a major mechanism contributing to the effects of aging during SC2 infection, and that CHI3L1 co-opts the CHI3L1 axis to augment SC2 infection. CHI3L1 plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of and is an attractive therapeutic target in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bing Ma
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology
| | | | | | - Yang Zhou
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology
| | | | - Wafik S. El-Deiry
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
- Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine
- The Joint Program in Cancer Biology
- Cancer Center at Brown University, and
| | - Kelsey Huntington
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
- Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine
- The Joint Program in Cancer Biology
- Cancer Center at Brown University, and
| | - Olin Liang
- Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine
- The Joint Program in Cancer Biology
- Cancer Center at Brown University, and
| | - Jason T. Machan
- Department of Biostatistics, Lifespan Health System, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Min-Jong Kang
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Hyeon Jun Shin
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Emiko Mizoguchi
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology
- Department of Immunology, Kurume University, School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Jack A. Elias
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology
- The Joint Program in Cancer Biology
- Cancer Center at Brown University, and
- Department of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
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22
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Choi Y, Sim S, Lee DH, Lee HR, Ban GY, Shin YS, Kim YK, Park HS. Effect of TGF-β1 on eosinophils to induce cysteinyl leukotriene E4 production in aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256237. [PMID: 34437574 PMCID: PMC8389430 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cysteinyl leukotriene (cysLT) overproduction and eosinophil activation are hallmarks of aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD). However, pathogenic mechanisms of AERD remain to be clarified. Here, we aimed to find the significance of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) in association with cysteinyl leukotriene E4 (LTE4) production, leading to eosinophil degranulation. To evaluate levels of serum TGF-β1, first cohort enrolled AERD (n = 336), ATA (n = 442) patients and healthy control subjects (HCs, n = 253). In addition, second cohort recruited AERD (n = 34) and ATA (n = 25) patients to investigate a relation between levels of serum TGF-β1 and urinary LTE4. The function of TGF-β1 in LTE4 production was further demonstrated by ex vivo (human peripheral eosinophils) or in vivo (BALB/c mice) experiment. As a result, the levels of serum TGF-β1 were significantly higher in AERD patients than in ATA patients or HCs (P = .001; respectively). Moreover, levels of serum TGF-β1 and urinary LTE4 had a positive correlation (r = 0.273, P = .037). In the presence of TGF-β1, leukotriene C4 synthase (LTC4S) expression was enhanced in peripheral eosinophils to produce LTE4, which sequentially induced eosinophil degranulation via the p38 pathway. When mice were treated with TGF-β1, significantly induced eosinophilia with increased LTE4 production in the lung tissues were noted. These findings suggest that higher levels of TGF-β1 in AERD patients may contribute to LTE4 production via enhancing LTC4S expression which induces eosinophil degranulation, accelerating airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngwoo Choi
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Soyoon Sim
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Lee
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | | | - Ga-Young Ban
- Department of Pulmonology and Allergy, Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoo Seob Shin
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | | | - Hae-Sim Park
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
- * E-mail:
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23
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Liu S, Chung MP, Ley B, French S, Elicker BM, Fiorentino DF, Chung LS, Boin F, Wolters PJ. Peripheral blood leucocyte telomere length is associated with progression of interstitial lung disease in systemic sclerosis. Thorax 2021; 76:1186-1192. [PMID: 34272332 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-215918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripheral blood leucocyte telomere length (PBL-TL) is associated with outcomes in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Whether PBL-TL is associated with progression of systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD) is unknown. METHODS A retrospective observational cohort study was performed using prospectively collected data from 213 patients with SSc followed at the University of California San Francisco (UCSF) Scleroderma Center. PBL-TL was measured by quantitative PCR of DNA isolated from peripheral blood. Associations between PBL-TL and pulmonary function test trends in patients with SSc-ILD were assessed by longitudinal analysis using Generalised Linear Mixed Models. Findings were validated in a cohort of 61 patients with SSc-ILD enrolled in the Stanford University Scleroderma Center database. RESULTS Patients with UCSF SSc with ILD were found to have shorter PBL-TL compared with those without ILD (6554±671 base pairs (bp) vs 6782±698 bp, p=0.01). Shorter PBL-TL was associated with the presence of ILD (adjusted OR 2.1 per 1000 bp TL decrease, 95% CI [1.25 to 3.70], p=0.006). PBL-TL was shorter in patients with SSc-ILD lacking SSc-specific autoantibodies compared with seropositive subjects (6237±647 bp vs 6651±653 bp, p=0.004). Shorter PBL-TL was associated with increased risk for lung function deterioration with an average of 67 mL greater loss in per year for every 1000 bp decrease in PBL-TL in the combined SSc-ILD cohorts (longitudinal analysis, adjusted model: 95% CI -104 mL to -33 mL, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that telomere dysfunction may be associated with SSc-ILD progression and that PBL-TL measurement may be useful for stratifying risk for SSc-ILD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Liu
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.,Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Melody P Chung
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Brett Ley
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sarah French
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Brett M Elicker
- Division of Radiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - David F Fiorentino
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Lorinda S Chung
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Dermatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Francesco Boin
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Paul J Wolters
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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Chitinases and Chitinase-Like Proteins as Therapeutic Targets in Inflammatory Diseases, with a Special Focus on Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136966. [PMID: 34203467 PMCID: PMC8268069 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitinases belong to the evolutionarily conserved glycosyl hydrolase family 18 (GH18). They catalyze degradation of chitin to N-acetylglucosamine by hydrolysis of the β-(1-4)-glycosidic bonds. Although mammals do not synthesize chitin, they possess two enzymatically active chitinases, i.e., chitotriosidase (CHIT1) and acidic mammalian chitinase (AMCase), as well as several chitinase-like proteins (YKL-40, YKL-39, oviductin, and stabilin-interacting protein). The latter lack enzymatic activity but still display oligosaccharides-binding ability. The physiologic functions of chitinases are still unclear, but they have been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of various human fibrotic and inflammatory disorders, particularly those of the lung (idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, sarcoidosis, and asthma) and the gastrointestinal tract (inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) and colon cancer). In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about chitinases, particularly in IBDs, and demonstrate that chitinases can serve as prognostic biomarkers of disease progression. Moreover, we suggest that the inhibition of chitinase activity may be considered as a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of IBDs.
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25
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Schmitz NA, Thakare RP, Chung CS, Lee CM, Elias JA, Lee CG, LeBlanc BW. Chitotriosidase Activity Is Counterproductive in a Mouse Model of Systemic Candidiasis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:626798. [PMID: 33796101 PMCID: PMC8007879 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.626798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian cells do not produce chitin, an insoluble polymer of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc), although chitin is a structural component of the cell wall of pathogenic microorganisms such as Candida albicans. Mammalian cells, including cells of the innate immune system elaborate chitinases, including chitotriosidase (Chit1), which may play a role in the anti-fungal immune response. In the current study, using knockout mice, we determined the role of Chit1 against systemic candidiasis. Chit1-deficient mice showed significant decrease in kidney fungal burden compared to mice expressing the functional enzyme. Using in vitro anti-candidal neutrophil functional assays, the introduction of the Chit1:chitin digestion end-product, chitobiose (N-acetyl-D-glucosamine dimer, GlcNAc2), decreased fungal-induced neutrophil swarming and Candida killing in vitro. Also, a role for the lectin-like binding site on the neutrophil integrin CR3 (Mac-1, CD11b/CD18) was found through physiological competitive interference by chitobiose. Furthermore, chitobiose treatment of wild type mice during systemic candidiasis resulted in the significant increase in fungal burden in the kidney. These data suggest a counterproductive role of Chit1 in mounting an efficient anti-fungal defense against systemic candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Schmitz
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Ritesh P Thakare
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Chun-Shiang Chung
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Chang-Min Lee
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Jack A Elias
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Chun Geun Lee
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Brian W LeBlanc
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, United States
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26
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Kamle S, Ma B, He CH, Akosman B, Zhou Y, Lee CM, El-Deiry WS, Huntington K, Liang O, Machan JT, Kang MJ, Shin HJ, Mizoguchi E, Lee CG, Elias JA. Chitinase 3-like-1 is a Therapeutic Target That Mediates the Effects of Aging in COVID-19. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2021:2021.01.05.425478. [PMID: 33442679 PMCID: PMC7805436 DOI: 10.1101/2021.01.05.425478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 (SC2) virus and is more prevalent and severe in the elderly and patients with comorbid diseases (CM). Because chitinase 3-like-1 (CHI3L1) is induced during aging and CM, the relationships between CHI3L1 and SC2 were investigated. Here we demonstrate that CHI3L1 is a potent stimulator of the SC2 receptor ACE2 and viral spike protein priming proteases (SPP), that ACE2 and SPP are induced during aging and that anti-CHI3L1, kasugamycin and inhibitors of phosphorylation, abrogate these ACE2- and SPP- inductive events. Human studies also demonstrated that the levels of circulating CHI3L1 are increased in the elderly and patients with CM where they correlate with COVID-19 severity. These studies demonstrate that CHI3L1 is a potent stimulator of ACE2 and SPP; that this induction is a major mechanism contributing to the effects of aging during SC2 infection and that CHI3L1 coopts the CHI3L1 axis to augment SC2 infection. CHI3L1 plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of and is an attractive therapeutic target in COVID-19.
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27
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Madan K, Madan M, Sharma S, Paliwal S. Chitinases: Therapeutic Scaffolds for Allergy and Inflammation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 14:46-57. [PMID: 31934842 PMCID: PMC7509760 DOI: 10.2174/1872213x14666200114184054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Chitinases are the evolutionary conserved glycosidic enzymes that are characterized by their ability to cleave the naturally abundant polysaccharide chitin. The potential role of chitinases has been identified in the manifestation of various allergies and inflammatory diseases. In recent years, chitinases inhibitors are emerging as an alluring area of interest for the researchers and scientists and there is a dire need for the development of potential and safe chitinase antagonists for the prophylaxis and treatment of several diseases. Objective: The present review expedites the role of chitinases and their inhibitors in inflammation and related disorders. Methods: At first, an exhaustive survey of literature and various patents available related to chitinases were carried out. Useful information on chitinases and their inhibitor was gathered from the authentic scientific databases namely SCOPUS, EMBASE, PUBMED, GOOGLE SCHOLAR, MEDLINE, EMBASE, EBSCO, WEB OF SCIENCE, etc. This information was further analyzed and compiled up to prepare the framework of the review article. The search strategy was conducted by using queries with key terms “ chitin”, “chitinase”, “chitotrisidase”, “acidic mammalian chitinase”, “chitinase inhibitors”, “asthma” and “chitinases associated inflammatory disorders”, etc. The patents were searched using the key terms “chitinases and uses thereof”, “chitinase inhibitors”, “chitin-chitinase associated pathological disorders” etc. from www.google.com/patents, www.freepatentsonline.com, and www.scopus.com. Results: The present review provides a vision for apprehending human chitinases and their participation in several diseases. The patents available also signify the extended role and effectiveness of chitinase inhibitors in the prevention and treatment of various diseases viz. asthma, acute and chronic inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, dental diseases, neurologic diseases, metabolic diseases, liver diseases, polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, and cancer. In this regard, extensive pre-clinical and clinical investigations are required to develop some novel, potent and selective drug molecules for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases, allergies and cancers in the foreseeable future. Conclusion: In conclusion, chitinases can be used as potential biomarkers in prognosis and diagnosis of several inflammatory diseases and allergies and the design of novel chitinase inhibitors may act as key and rational scaffolds in designing some novel therapeutic agents in the treatment of variety of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirtika Madan
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan-304022, India
| | - Mansi Madan
- Dr. Ulhas Patil Medical College and Hospital, Jalgaon- 425309, Maharashtra, India
| | - Swapnil Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan-304022, India
| | - Sarvesh Paliwal
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan-304022, India
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28
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Sager TM, Umbright CM, Mustafa GM, Yanamala N, Leonard HD, McKinney WG, Kashon ML, Joseph P. Tobacco Smoke Exposure Exacerbated Crystalline Silica-Induced Lung Toxicity in Rats. Toxicol Sci 2020; 178:375-390. [PMID: 32976597 PMCID: PMC7825013 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Smoking may modify the lung response to silica exposure including cancer and silicosis. Nevertheless, the precise role of exposure to tobacco smoke (TS) on the lung response to crystalline silica (CS) exposure and the underlying mechanisms need further clarification. The objectives of the present study were to determine the role of TS on lung response to CS exposure and the underlying mechanism(s). Male Fischer 344 rats were exposed by inhalation to air, CS (15 mg/m3, 6 h/day, 5 days), TS (80 mg/m3, 3 h/day, twice weekly, 6 months), or CS (15 mg/m3, 6 h/day, 5 days) followed by TS (80 mg/m3, 3 h/day, twice weekly, 6 months). The rats were euthanized 6 months and 3 weeks following initiation of the first exposure and the lung response was assessed. Silica exposure resulted in significant lung toxicity as evidenced by lung histological changes, enhanced neutrophil infiltration, increased lactate dehydrogenase levels, enhanced oxidant production, and increased cytokine levels. The TS exposure alone had only a minimal effect on these toxicity parameters. However, the combined exposure to TS and CS exacerbated the lung response, compared with TS or CS exposure alone. Global gene expression changes in the lungs correlated with the lung toxicity severity. Bioinformatic analysis of the gene expression data demonstrated significant enrichment in functions, pathways, and networks relevant to the response to CS exposure which correlated with the lung toxicity detected. Collectively our data demonstrated an exacerbation of CS-induced lung toxicity by TS exposure and the molecular mechanisms underlying the exacerbated toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina M Sager
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia 26505
| | - Christina M Umbright
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia 26505
| | - Gul Mehnaz Mustafa
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia 26505
| | - Naveena Yanamala
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia 26505
| | - Howard D Leonard
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia 26505
| | - Walter G McKinney
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia 26505
| | - Michael L Kashon
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia 26505
| | - Pius Joseph
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia 26505
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29
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Harmsen RAG, Aam BB, Madhuprakash J, Hamre AG, Goddard-Borger ED, Withers SG, Eijsink VGH, Sørlie M. Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Chito-oligosaccharides with Alternating N-d-Acetylglucosamine and d-Glucosamine. Biochemistry 2020; 59:4581-4590. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rianne A. G. Harmsen
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, PO 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Berit Bjugan Aam
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, PO 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Jogi Madhuprakash
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, PO 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, India
| | - Anne Grethe Hamre
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, PO 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Ethan D. Goddard-Borger
- Walter & Eliza Hall, Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Colombia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Stephen G. Withers
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Colombia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Vincent G. H. Eijsink
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, PO 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Morten Sørlie
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, PO 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
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30
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Glycoside hydrolase family 18 chitinases: The known and the unknown. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 43:107553. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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31
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Koralewski R, Dymek B, Mazur M, Sklepkiewicz P, Olejniczak S, Czestkowski W, Matyszewski K, Andryianau G, Niedziejko P, Kowalski M, Gruza M, Borek B, Jedrzejczak K, Bartoszewicz A, Pluta E, Rymaszewska A, Kania M, Rejczak T, Piasecka S, Mlacki M, Mazurkiewicz M, Piotrowicz M, Salamon M, Zagozdzon A, Napiorkowska-Gromadzka A, Bartlomiejczak A, Mozga W, Dobrzański P, Dzwonek K, Golab J, Nowotny M, Olczak J, Golebiowski A. Discovery of OATD-01, a First-in-Class Chitinase Inhibitor as Potential New Therapeutics for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. J Med Chem 2020; 63:15527-15540. [PMID: 33078933 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chitotriosidase (CHIT1) and acidic mammalian chitinase (AMCase) are the enzymatically active chitinases that have been implicated in the pathology of chronic lung diseases such as asthma and interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and sarcoidosis. The clinical and preclinical data suggest that pharmacological inhibition of CHIT1 might represent a novel therapeutic approach in IPF. Structural modification of an advanced lead molecule 3 led to the identification of compound 9 (OATD-01), a highly active CHIT1 inhibitor with both an excellent PK profile in multiple species and selectivity against a panel of other off-targets. OATD-01 given orally once daily in a range of doses between 30 and 100 mg/kg showed significant antifibrotic efficacy in an animal model of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. OATD-01 is the first-in-class CHIT1 inhibitor, currently completed phase 1b of clinical trials, to be a potential treatment for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Koralewski
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Dymek
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marzena Mazur
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Sylwia Olejniczak
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Gleb Andryianau
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Niedziejko
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michal Kowalski
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz Gruza
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Borek
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karol Jedrzejczak
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Elżbieta Pluta
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Magdalena Kania
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Rejczak
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sylwia Piasecka
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michal Mlacki
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Michał Piotrowicz
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Salamon
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Aneta Bartlomiejczak
- Structural Biology Center, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Witold Mozga
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Dobrzański
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Dzwonek
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Golab
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Nielubowicza 5, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Nowotny
- Structural Biology Center, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Olczak
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Golebiowski
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
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Marden G, Wan Q, Wilks J, Nevin K, Feeney M, Wisniacki N, Trojanowski M, Bujor A, Stawski L, Trojanowska M. The role of the oncostatin M/OSM receptor β axis in activating dermal microvascular endothelial cells in systemic sclerosis. Arthritis Res Ther 2020; 22:179. [PMID: 32736577 PMCID: PMC7393919 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-020-02266-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scleroderma (SSc) is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by vascular impairment and progressive fibrosis of the skin and other organs. Oncostatin M, a member of the IL-6 family, is elevated in SSc serum and was recognized as a significant player in various stages of fibrosis. The goal of this study was to assess the contribution of the OSM/OSMRβ pathway to endothelial cell (EC) injury and activation in SSc. METHODS IHC and IF were used to assess the distribution of OSM and OSMRβ in SSc (n = 14) and healthy control (n = 7) skin biopsies. Cell culture experiments were performed in human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMECs) and included mRNA and protein analysis, and cell migration and proliferation assays. Ex vivo skin organoid culture was used to evaluate the effect of OSM on perivascular fibrosis. RESULTS OSMRβ protein was elevated in dermal ECs and in fibroblasts of SSc patients. Treatments of HDMECs with OSM or IL-6+sIL-6R have demonstrated that both cytokines similarly stimulated proinflammatory genes and genes related to endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT). OSM was more effective than IL-6+sIL-6R in inducing cell migration, while both treatments similarly induced cell proliferation. The effects of OSM were mediated via OSMRβ and STAT3, while the LIFR did not contribute to these responses. Both OSM and IL-6+sIL-6R induced profibrotic gene expression in HDMECs, as well as expansion of the perivascular PDGFRβ+ cells in the ex vivo human skin culture system. Additional studies in HDMECs showed that siRNA-mediated downregulation of FLI1 and its close homolog ERG resulted in increased expression of OSMRβ in HDMECs. CONCLUSIONS This work provides new insights into the role of the OSM/OSMRβ axis in activation/injury of dermal ECs and supports the involvement of this pathway in SSc vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Marden
- Arthritis Centre, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston University, 72 East Concord St, E-5, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Q Wan
- Arthritis Centre, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston University, 72 East Concord St, E-5, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- Department of Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - J Wilks
- Arthritis Centre, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston University, 72 East Concord St, E-5, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - K Nevin
- Immuno-Inflammation Therapeutic Area Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, UK
| | - M Feeney
- Immuno-Inflammation Therapeutic Area Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, UK
| | - N Wisniacki
- Immuno-Inflammation Therapeutic Area Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, UK
| | - M Trojanowski
- Arthritis Centre, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston University, 72 East Concord St, E-5, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - A Bujor
- Arthritis Centre, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston University, 72 East Concord St, E-5, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - L Stawski
- Arthritis Centre, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston University, 72 East Concord St, E-5, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - M Trojanowska
- Arthritis Centre, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston University, 72 East Concord St, E-5, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
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33
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Yap J, McCurdy S, Alcala M, Irei J, Garo J, Regan W, Lee BH, Kitamoto S, Boisvert WA. Expression of Chitotriosidase in Macrophages Modulates Atherosclerotic Plaque Formation in Hyperlipidemic Mice. Front Physiol 2020; 11:714. [PMID: 32655419 PMCID: PMC7324766 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine whether overexpression of the chitin degrading enzyme, chitotriosidase (CHIT1), modulates macrophage function and ameliorates atherosclerosis. Approach and Results Using a mouse model that conditionally overexpresses CHIT1 in macrophages (CHIT1-Tg) crossbred with the Ldlr -/- mouse provided us with a means to investigate the effects of CHIT1 overexpression in the context of atherosclerosis. In vitro, CHIT1 overexpression by murine macrophages enhanced protein expression of IL-4, IL-8, and G-CSF by BMDM upon stimulation with a combination of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). Phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and Akt was also down regulated when exposed to the same inflammatory stimuli. Hyperlipidemic, Ldlr -/--CHIT1-Tg (CHIT1-OE) mice were fed a high-fat diet for 12 weeks in order to study CHIT1 overexpression in atherosclerosis. Although plaque size and lesion area were not affected by CHIT1 overexpression in vivo, the content of hyaluronic acid (HA) and collagen within atherosclerotic plaques of CHIT1-OE mice was significantly greater. Localization of both ECM components was markedly different between groups. Conclusions These data demonstrate that CHIT1 alters cytokine expression and signaling pathways of classically activated macrophages. In vivo, CHIT1 modifies ECM distribution and content in atherosclerotic plaques, both of which are important therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Yap
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Sara McCurdy
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Martin Alcala
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU San Pablo, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jason Irei
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Jan Garo
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Whitney Regan
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Bog-Hieu Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Shiro Kitamoto
- Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine and Advanced Therapeutics for Cardiovascular Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - William A Boisvert
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, United States
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Khanna D, Tashkin DP, Denton CP, Renzoni EA, Desai SR, Varga J. Etiology, Risk Factors, and Biomarkers in Systemic Sclerosis with Interstitial Lung Disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020; 201:650-660. [PMID: 31841044 PMCID: PMC7068837 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201903-0563ci] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a complex, multiorgan, autoimmune disease. Lung fibrosis occurs in ∼80% of patients with SSc; 25% to 30% develop progressive interstitial lung disease (ILD). The pathogenesis of fibrosis in SSc-associated ILD (SSc-ILD) involves cellular injury, activation/differentiation of mesenchymal cells, and morphological/biological changes in epithelial/endothelial cells. Risk factors for progressive SSc-ILD include older age, male sex, degree of lung involvement on baseline high-resolution computed tomography imaging, reduced DlCO, and reduced FVC. SSc-ILD does not share the genetic risk architecture observed in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), with key risk factors yet to be identified. Presence of anti-Scl-70 antibodies and absence of anti-centromere antibodies indicate increased likelihood of progressive ILD. Elevated levels of serum Krebs von den Lungen-6 and C-reactive protein are both associated with SSc-ILD severity and predict SSc-ILD progression. A promising prognostic indicator is serum chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 18. SSc-ILD shares similarities with IPF, although clear differences exist. Histologically, a nonspecific interstitial pneumonia pattern is commonly observed in SSc-ILD, whereas IPF is defined by usual interstitial pneumonia. The course of SSc-ILD is variable, ranging from minor, stable disease to a progressive course, whereas all patients with IPF experience progression of disease. Although appropriately treated patients with SSc-ILD have better chances of stabilization and survival, a relentlessly progressive course, akin to IPF, is seen in a minority. Better understanding of cellular and molecular pathogenesis, genetic risk, and distinctive features of SSc-ILD and identification of robust prognostic biomarkers are needed for optimal disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Khanna
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Scleroderma Program, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Donald P Tashkin
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Christopher P Denton
- University College London Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elisabetta A Renzoni
- Interstitial Lung Disease Unit and.,National Institute for Health Research Clinical Research Facility, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sujal R Desai
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Radiology, Royal Brompton & Harefield National Health Services Foundation Trust Hospital, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - John Varga
- Northwestern Scleroderma Program, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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35
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Andryianau G, Kowalski M, Piotrowicz MC, Rajkiewicz AA, Dymek B, Sklepkiewicz PL, Pluta E, Stefaniak F, Czestkowski W, Olejniczak S, Mazur M, Niedziejko P, Koralewski R, Matyszewski K, Gruza M, Zagozdzon A, Salamon M, Rymaszewska A, Welzer M, Dzwonek K, Golab J, Olczak J, Bartoszewicz A, Golebiowski A. Benzoxazepine-Derived Selective, Orally Bioavailable Inhibitor of Human Acidic Mammalian Chitinase. ACS Med Chem Lett 2020; 11:1228-1235. [PMID: 32551005 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human acidic mammalian chitinase (hAMCase) is one of two true chitinases in humans, the function of which remains elusive. In addition to the defense against highly antigenic chitin and chitin-containing pathogens in the gastric and intestinal contents, AMCase has been implicated in asthma, allergic inflammation, and ocular pathologies. Potent and selective small-molecule inhibitors of this enzyme have not been identified to date. Here we describe structural modifications of compound OAT-177, a previously developed inhibitor of mouse AMCase, leading to OAT-1441, which displays high activity and selectivity toward hAMCase. Significantly reduced off-target activity toward the human ether-à-go-go-related gene (hERG) and a good pharmacokinetic profile make OAT-1441 a potential candidate for further preclinical development as well as a useful tool compound to study the physiological role of hAMCase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gleb Andryianau
- OncoArendi Therapeutics S.A., Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michal Kowalski
- OncoArendi Therapeutics S.A., Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Adam A. Rajkiewicz
- OncoArendi Therapeutics S.A., Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2C, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Dymek
- OncoArendi Therapeutics S.A., Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Elzbieta Pluta
- OncoArendi Therapeutics S.A., Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Filip Stefaniak
- OncoArendi Therapeutics S.A., Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Protein Engineering, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology in Warsaw, Ks. Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Sylwia Olejniczak
- OncoArendi Therapeutics S.A., Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marzena Mazur
- OncoArendi Therapeutics S.A., Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Niedziejko
- OncoArendi Therapeutics S.A., Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Robert Koralewski
- OncoArendi Therapeutics S.A., Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Mariusz Gruza
- OncoArendi Therapeutics S.A., Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Magdalena Salamon
- OncoArendi Therapeutics S.A., Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Mikolaj Welzer
- OncoArendi Therapeutics S.A., Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Dzwonek
- OncoArendi Therapeutics S.A., Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Golab
- OncoArendi Therapeutics S.A., Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Nielubowicza 5, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Olczak
- OncoArendi Therapeutics S.A., Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Adam Golebiowski
- OncoArendi Therapeutics S.A., Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
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36
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Distler O, Assassi S, Cottin V, Cutolo M, Danoff SK, Denton CP, Distler JHW, Hoffmann-Vold AM, Johnson SR, Müller Ladner U, Smith V, Volkmann ER, Maher TM. Predictors of progression in systemic sclerosis patients with interstitial lung disease. Eur Respir J 2020; 55:13993003.02026-2019. [PMID: 32079645 PMCID: PMC7236865 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02026-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a systemic autoimmune disease affecting multiple organ systems, including the lungs. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is the leading cause of death in SSc. There are no valid biomarkers to predict the occurrence of SSc-ILD, although auto-antibodies against anti-topoisomerase I and several inflammatory markers are candidate biomarkers that need further evaluation. Chest auscultation, presence of shortness of breath and pulmonary function testing are important diagnostic tools, but lack sensitivity to detect early ILD. Baseline screening with high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is therefore necessary to confirm an SSc-ILD diagnosis. Once diagnosed with SSc-ILD, patients' clinical courses are variable and difficult to predict, although certain patient characteristics and biomarkers are associated with disease progression. It is important to monitor patients with SSc-ILD for signs of disease progression, although there is no consensus about which diagnostic tools to use or how often monitoring should occur. In this article, we review methods used to define and predict disease progression in SSc-ILD. There is no valid definition of SSc-ILD disease progression, but we suggest that either a decline in forced vital capacity (FVC) from baseline of ≥10%, or a decline in FVC of 5–9% in association with a decline in diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide of ≥15% represents progression. An increase in the radiographic extent of ILD on HRCT imaging would also signify progression. A time period of 1–2 years is generally used for this definition, but a decline over a longer time period may also reflect clinically relevant disease progression. Lung function tests and chest imaging help predict who has SSc-associated ILD and whether it will progress. In the absence of standardised methods for doctors, we recommend a strategy that combines both lung function tests and chest imaging.http://bit.ly/2uK9ZD2
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Distler
- Dept of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Shervin Assassi
- Dept of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunogenetics, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vincent Cottin
- National Reference Center for Rare Pulmonary Diseases, Louis Pradel Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, UMR754, Lyon, France
| | - Maurizio Cutolo
- Research Laboratory, Clinical Division of Rheumatology, Dept of Internal Medicine DIMI, University of Genoa, IRCSS Polyclinic Hospital San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Sonye K Danoff
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christopher P Denton
- UCL Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - Jörg H W Distler
- Dept of Internal Medicine 3, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Sindhu R Johnson
- Toronto Scleroderma Program, Dept of Medicine, Toronto Western and Mount Sinai Hospitals, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ulf Müller Ladner
- Dept of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Campus Kerckhoff, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Vanessa Smith
- Dept of Rheumatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Dept of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Unit for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, VIB Inflammation Research Center (IRC), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Elizabeth R Volkmann
- Dept of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of California, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Toby M Maher
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.,NIHR Respiratory Clinical Research Facility, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
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37
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Chang D, Sharma L, Dela Cruz CS. Chitotriosidase: a marker and modulator of lung disease. Eur Respir Rev 2020; 29:29/156/190143. [PMID: 32350087 PMCID: PMC9488994 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0143-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitotriosidase (CHIT1) is a highly conserved and regulated chitinase secreted by activated macrophages; it is a member of the 18-glycosylase family (GH18). CHIT1 is the most prominent chitinase in humans, can cleave chitin and participates in the body's immune response and is associated with inflammation, infection, tissue damage and remodelling processes. Recently, CHIT1 has been reported to be involved in the molecular pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis, bronchial asthma, COPD and pulmonary infections, shedding new light on the role of these proteins in lung pathophysiology. The potential roles of CHIT1 in lung diseases are reviewed in this article. This is the first review of chitotriosidase in lung diseasehttp://bit.ly/2LpZUQI
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Affiliation(s)
- De Chang
- The 3rd Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Both authors contributed equally
| | - Lokesh Sharma
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Both authors contributed equally
| | - Charles S Dela Cruz
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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38
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Przysucha N, Górska K, Krenke R. Chitinases and Chitinase-Like Proteins in Obstructive Lung Diseases - Current Concepts and Potential Applications. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2020; 15:885-899. [PMID: 32368034 PMCID: PMC7185641 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s236640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitinases, enzymes that cleave chitin’s chain to low molecular weight chitooligomers, are widely distributed in nature. Mammalian chitinases belong to the 18-glycosyl-hydrolase family and can be divided into two groups: true chitinases with enzymatic activity (AMCase and chitotriosidase) and chitinase-like proteins (CLPs) molecules which can bind to chitin or chitooligosaccharides but lack enzymatic activity (eg, YKL-40). Chitinases are thought to be part of an innate immunity against chitin-containing parasites and fungal infections. Both groups of these hydrolases are lately evaluated also as chemical mediators or biomarkers involved in airway inflammation and fibrosis. The aim of this article is to present the current knowledge on the potential role of human chitinases and CLPs in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and course of obstructive lung diseases. We also assessed the potential role of chitinase and CLPs inhibitors as therapeutic targets in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Przysucha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Górska
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rafal Krenke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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39
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Deterding RR, DeBoer EM, Cidon MJ, Robinson TE, Warburton D, Deutsch GH, Young LR. Approaching Clinical Trials in Childhood Interstitial Lung Disease and Pediatric Pulmonary Fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020; 200:1219-1227. [PMID: 31322415 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201903-0544ci] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood interstitial lung disease (chILD) comprises a spectrum of rare diffuse lung disorders. chILD is heterogeneous in origin, with different disease manifestations occurring in the context of ongoing lung development. The large number of disorders in chILD, in combination with the rarity of each diagnosis, has hampered scientific and clinical progress within the field. Epidemiologic and natural history data are limited. The prognosis varies depending on the etiology, with some forms progressing to lung transplant or death. There are limited treatment options for patients with chILD. Although U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved treatments are now available for adult patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, no clinical trials have been conducted in a pediatric population using agents designed to treat lung fibrosis. This review will focus on progressive chILD disorders and on the urgent need for meaningful objective outcome measures to define, detect, and monitor fibrosis in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin R Deterding
- Section of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado.,The Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Emily M DeBoer
- Section of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado.,The Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Michal J Cidon
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Terry E Robinson
- Pulmonary Division, Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital at Stanford, Palo Alto, California
| | - David Warburton
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Gail H Deutsch
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington.,Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington; and
| | - Lisa R Young
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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40
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Sørlie M, Horn SJ, Vaaje-Kolstad G, Eijsink VG. Using chitosan to understand chitinases and the role of processivity in the degradation of recalcitrant polysaccharides. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2020.104488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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41
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Perelas A, Silver RM, Arrossi AV, Highland KB. Systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease. THE LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 2020; 8:304-320. [PMID: 32113575 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(19)30480-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis is an autoimmune connective tissue disease, which is characterised by immune dysregulation and progressive fibrosis that typically affects the skin, with variable internal organ involvement. It is a rare condition that affects mostly young and middle-aged women, resulting in disproportionate morbidity and mortality. Currently, interstitial lung disease is the most common cause of death among patients with systemic sclerosis, with a prevalence of up to 30% and a 10-year mortality of up to 40%. Interstitial lung disease is more common among African Americans and in people with the diffuse cutaneous form of systemic sclerosis or anti-topoisomerase 1 antibodies. Systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease most commonly presents with dyspnoea, cough, and a non-specific interstitial pneumonia pattern on CT scan, with a minority of cases fulfilling the criteria for usual interstitial pneumonia. The standard therapy has traditionally been combinations of immunosuppressants, particularly mycophenolate mofetil or cyclophosphamide. These immunosuppressants can be supplemented by targeted biological and antifibrotic therapies, whereas autologous haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation and lung transplantation are reserved for refractory cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apostolos Perelas
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Richard M Silver
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Andrea V Arrossi
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Bennett D, Cameli P, Lanzarone N, Carobene L, Bianchi N, Fui A, Rizzi L, Bergantini L, Cillis G, d'Alessandro M, Mazzei MA, Refini RM, Sestini P, Bargagli E, Rottoli P. Chitotriosidase: a biomarker of activity and severity in patients with sarcoidosis. Respir Res 2020; 21:6. [PMID: 31906975 PMCID: PMC6945638 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-1263-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Serum chitotriosidase is a promising biomarker that has shown high specificity and sensitivity in patients with sarcoidosis. The aim of this study was to investigate correlations between serum chitotriosidase, clinical phenotypes, disease localizations and different radiological lung involvement and to identify clinical features associated with over-expression of chitotriosidase in a large cohort of sarcoidosis patients. Methods Chitotriosidase activity was evaluated in a population of 694 consecutive patients (males 39%, age 55.8 ± 12.8 years). Clinical and respiratory functional characteristics, Clinical Outcome Scale (COS) classification, clinical phenotypes proposed by the GenPhenResA project, and radiological assessment, including CT scan, were collected. Serum sampling and clinical and functional assessments at follow-up were also included. Results Significantly higher chitotriosidase activity was observed in sarcoidosis patients than in healthy controls (p < 0.0001). Evidence of lung fibrosis with reticular abnormalities and traction bronchiectasis at High resolution CT, presence of multiple extrapulmonary sarcoid localizations and increased 24-h urinary excretion of calcium were associated with significantly higher chitotriosidase activity (p < 0.005). Patients with remitted or minimal disease had lower values of chitotriosidase than patients with persistent disease. At follow-up, patients who required an increase in steroid dose showed an increase in its activity. Conclusions Chitotriosidase is a reliable biomarker of sarcoidosis. It is increased in patients with sarcoidosis correlating with disease activity, severity and multiorgan dissemination. Steroid therapy tended to reduce chitotriosidase expression, however it responded in cases of disease relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bennett
- Respiratory Diseases and Lung Transplantation Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy.
| | - Paolo Cameli
- Respiratory Diseases and Lung Transplantation Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences & Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Nicola Lanzarone
- Respiratory Diseases and Lung Transplantation Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences & Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Loredana Carobene
- Respiratory Diseases and Lung Transplantation Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences & Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Nicola Bianchi
- Respiratory Diseases and Lung Transplantation Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Annalisa Fui
- Respiratory Diseases and Lung Transplantation Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences & Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Luigi Rizzi
- Internal Medicine Unit "C. Frugoni", Centre for Rare Diseases, University Hospital of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Laura Bergantini
- Respiratory Diseases and Lung Transplantation Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences & Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cillis
- Respiratory Diseases and Lung Transplantation Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Miriana d'Alessandro
- Respiratory Diseases and Lung Transplantation Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences & Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Mazzei
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences & Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Diagnostic Imaging Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Rosa Metella Refini
- Respiratory Diseases and Lung Transplantation Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences & Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Piersante Sestini
- Respiratory Diseases and Lung Transplantation Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences & Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Elena Bargagli
- Respiratory Diseases and Lung Transplantation Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences & Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Paola Rottoli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences & Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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Ye X, Zhang N, Jin Y, Xu B, Guo C, Wang X, Su Y, Yang Q, Song J, Yu W, Cheng P, Cheng L, Gong Y, Fu X, Sun H. Dramatically changed immune-related molecules as early diagnostic biomarkers of non-small cell lung cancer. FEBS J 2019; 287:783-799. [PMID: 31482685 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the main type of lung cancer, with a low 5-year survival rate because of the absence of effective clinical biomarkers for early diagnosis. Based on the immunosurveillance theory, we proposed that changes in the immune system are more pronounced than tumour-associated antigens during the early stage of cancer. Therefore, a new strategy was designed to screen early diagnostic biomarkers from peripheral leukocytes in early-stage NSCLCs with transcriptome sequencing. A total of 358 immune-related differentially expressed genes were identified between early-NSCLC patients and healthy individuals. Orosomucoid-1 (ORM1, a acute phase protein), the total ORM and chitotriosidase-1 (involved in degradation of chitobiose) were selected for further verification in 210 serum samples by western blotting, ELISA and nephelometry immunoassay (based on immuno-scatter turbidmetry). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis show that ORM1 and total ORM have excellent diagnostic efficacies, with area under the curve of 0.862 and 0.920, respectively, which significantly distinguished very early-NSCLC (IA) from healthy samples. Flow cytometry results showed that CD15+ neutrophils made up 73% of ORM1+ peripheral leukocytes. In mouse lung cancer model, serum ORM1, but not liver ORM1, changed significantly in the early stage of NSCLC. ORM1 expression in peripheral leukocytes was regulated by TGF-β and mediated by the TGF-β/Smad signalling pathway. Our results indicated that combined ORM and TGF-β could be a promising clinical biomarker in the diagnosis of early NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangdong Ye
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, China
| | - Ni Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanxia Jin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, China
| | - Chanyuan Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, China
| | - Xueqing Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, China
| | - Yanting Su
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, China
| | - Jiaqi Song
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, China
| | - Wenhui Yu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, China
| | - Pengfei Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan University Hospital, Wuhan University, China
| | - Liming Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongsheng Gong
- Department of Thoracic-Cardiovascular Surgery, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiangning Fu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, China
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44
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Mazur M, Dymek B, Koralewski R, Sklepkiewicz P, Olejniczak S, Mazurkiewicz M, Piotrowicz M, Salamon M, Jędrzejczak K, Zagozdzon A, Czestkowski W, Matyszewski K, Borek B, Bartoszewicz A, Pluta E, Rymaszewska A, Mozga W, Stefaniak F, Dobrzański P, Dzwonek K, Golab J, Golebiowski A, Olczak J. Development of Dual Chitinase Inhibitors as Potential New Treatment for Respiratory System Diseases. J Med Chem 2019; 62:7126-7145. [PMID: 31291098 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Acidic mammalian chitinase (AMCase) and chitotriosidase-1 (CHIT1) are two enzymatically active proteins produced by mammals capable of cleaving the glycosidic bond in chitin. Based on the clinical findings and animal model studies, involvement of chitinases has been suggested in several respiratory system diseases including asthma, COPD, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Exploration of structure-activity relationships within the series of 1-(3-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)-piperidin-4-amines, which was earlier identified as a scaffold of potent AMCase inhibitors, led us to discover highly active dual (i.e., AMCase and CHIT1) inhibitors with very good pharmacokinetic properties. Among them, compound 30 was shown to reduce the total number of cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of mice challenged with house dust mite extract after oral administration (50 mg/kg, qd). In addition, affinity toward the hERG potassium channel of compound 30 was significantly reduced when compared to the earlier reported chitinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Mazur
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA , Żwirki i Wigury 101 , 02-089 Warsaw , Poland
| | - Barbara Dymek
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA , Żwirki i Wigury 101 , 02-089 Warsaw , Poland
| | - Robert Koralewski
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA , Żwirki i Wigury 101 , 02-089 Warsaw , Poland
| | - Piotr Sklepkiewicz
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA , Żwirki i Wigury 101 , 02-089 Warsaw , Poland
| | - Sylwia Olejniczak
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA , Żwirki i Wigury 101 , 02-089 Warsaw , Poland
| | | | - Michał Piotrowicz
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA , Żwirki i Wigury 101 , 02-089 Warsaw , Poland
| | - Magdalena Salamon
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA , Żwirki i Wigury 101 , 02-089 Warsaw , Poland
| | - Karol Jędrzejczak
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA , Żwirki i Wigury 101 , 02-089 Warsaw , Poland
| | | | | | | | - Bartłomiej Borek
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA , Żwirki i Wigury 101 , 02-089 Warsaw , Poland
| | | | - Elżbieta Pluta
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA , Żwirki i Wigury 101 , 02-089 Warsaw , Poland
| | | | - Witold Mozga
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA , Żwirki i Wigury 101 , 02-089 Warsaw , Poland
| | - Filip Stefaniak
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA , Żwirki i Wigury 101 , 02-089 Warsaw , Poland.,Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Protein Engineering , International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology in Warsaw , Ks. Trojdena 4 , 02-109 Warsaw , Poland
| | - Paweł Dobrzański
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA , Żwirki i Wigury 101 , 02-089 Warsaw , Poland
| | - Karolina Dzwonek
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA , Żwirki i Wigury 101 , 02-089 Warsaw , Poland
| | - Jakub Golab
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA , Żwirki i Wigury 101 , 02-089 Warsaw , Poland.,Department of Immunology , Medical University of Warsaw , Nielubowicza 5 , 02-097 Warsaw , Poland
| | - Adam Golebiowski
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA , Żwirki i Wigury 101 , 02-089 Warsaw , Poland
| | - Jacek Olczak
- OncoArendi Therapeutics SA , Żwirki i Wigury 101 , 02-089 Warsaw , Poland
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45
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Sun Z, Wang W, Yu D, Mao Y. Differentially expressed genes between systemic sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Hereditas 2019; 156:17. [PMID: 31178673 PMCID: PMC6549285 DOI: 10.1186/s41065-019-0091-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence is accumulating to characterise the key differences between systemic sclerosis (SSc) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which are similar but distinct systemic autoimmune diseases. However, the differences at the genetic level are not yet clear. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to identify key differential genes between patients with SSc and RA. Methods The Gene Expression Omnibus database was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between SSc and RA biopsies. The DEGs were then functionally annotated using Gene Ontology (GO) terms and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways with the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) tools. A protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed with Cytoscape software. The Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) plugin was also used to evaluate the biological importance of the constructed gene modules. Results A total of 13,556 DEGs were identified between the five SSc patients and seven RA patients, including 13,465 up-regulated genes and 91 down-regulated genes. Interestingly, the most significantly enriched GO terms of up- and down-regulated genes were related to extracellular involvement and immune activity, respectively, and the top six highly enriched KEGG pathways were related to the same processes. In the PPI network, the top 10 hub nodes and top four modules harboured the most relevant genes contributing to the differences between SSc and RA, including key genes such as IL6, EGF, JUN, FGF2, BMP2, FOS, BMP4, LRRK2, CTNNB1, EP300, CD79, and CXCL13. Conclusions These genes such as IL6, EGF, JUN, FGF2, BMP2, FOS, BMP4, LRRK2, CTNNB1, EP300, CD79, and CXCL13 can serve as new targets for focused research on the distinct molecular pathogenesis of SSc and RA. Furthermore, these genes could serve as potential biomarkers for differential diagnoses or therapeutic targets for treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s41065-019-0091-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Sun
- 1Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- 1Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Degang Yu
- 2Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanqing Mao
- 2Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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46
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Fujisawa T, Hozumi H, Yasui H, Suzuki Y, Karayama M, Furuhashi K, Enomoto N, Nakamura Y, Inui N, Suda T. Clinical Significance of Serum Chitotriosidase Level in Anti-MDA5 Antibody–positive Dermatomyositis-associated Interstitial Lung Disease. J Rheumatol 2019; 46:935-942. [DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.180825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective.To assess prognostic factors of antimelanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 antibody (anti-MDA5)–positive dermatomyositis/clinically amyopathic DM–associated interstitial lung disease (DM/CADM-ILD) and evaluate the use of serum chitotriosidase, a marker for macrophage activation, as a potential biomarker in anti-MDA5-positive DM/CADM-ILD.Methods.This retrospective study included 30 patients with anti-MDA5–positive DM/CADM-ILD. The clinical characteristics and laboratory findings at the time of diagnosis were analyzed. Serum chitotriosidase levels were measured in the 30 patients, in 21 healthy controls, and in 25 patients with anti-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase antibody–positive (anti-ARS)-polymyositis (PM)/DM/CADM-ILD, and the potential of serum chitotriosidase as a prognostic biomarker in anti-MDA5–positive DM/CADM-ILD was assessed.Results.The median serum chitotriosidase level in patients with anti-MDA5–positive DM/CADM-ILD was 17.3 ng/ml, which was higher than that in healthy controls and anti-ARS–PM/DM/CADM-ILD (2.0 and 8.9 ng/ml, respectively). Of the 30 patients, 10 died of respiratory failure associated with DM/CADM-ILD deterioration. Cox hazard analysis demonstrated that higher serum chitotriosidase level and lower PaO2 value were significant predictors of a poor outcome. Using optimal cutoff levels according to receiver-operating characteristic curve analyses, chitotriosidase ≥ 23.5 ng/ml, ferritin ≥ 800 ng/ml, and Krebs von den Lungen–6 ≥ 720 U/ml were significantly associated with a poor prognosis. Serum chitotriosidase levels were negatively correlated with PaO2 and percentage predicted forced vital capacity. The survival rate was significantly poorer in patients with high chitotriosidase levels (≥ 23.5 ng/ml) than in those with low chitotriosidase levels (< 23.5 ng/ml).Conclusion.Serum chitotriosidase may be a potential biomarker for predicting a poor prognosis in patients with anti-MDA5–positive DM/CADM-ILD.
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47
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Lee CM, He CH, Park JW, Lee JH, Kamle S, Ma B, Akosman B, Cotez R, Chen E, Zhou Y, Herzog EL, Ryu C, Peng X, Rosas IO, Poli S, Bostwick CF, Choi AM, Elias JA, Lee CG. Chitinase 1 regulates pulmonary fibrosis by modulating TGF-β/SMAD7 pathway via TGFBRAP1 and FOXO3. Life Sci Alliance 2019; 2:2/3/e201900350. [PMID: 31085559 PMCID: PMC6516052 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.201900350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
TGF-β1 is a critical mediator of tissue fibrosis in health and disease whose effects are augmented by chitinase 1 (CHIT1). However, the mechanisms that CHIT1 uses to regulate TGF-β1-mediated fibrotic responses have not been defined. Here, we demonstrate that CHIT1 enhances TGF-β1-stimulated fibrotic cellular and tissue responses and TGF-β1 signaling. Importantly, we also demonstrate that these effects are mediated by the ability of CHIT1 to inhibit TGF-β1 induction of its feedback inhibitor, SMAD7. CHIT1 also interacted with TGF-β receptor associated protein 1 (TGFBRAP1) and forkhead box O3 (FOXO3) with TGFBRAP1 playing a critical role in CHIT1 enhancement of TGF-β1 signaling and effector responses and FOXO3 playing a critical role in TGF-β1 induction of SMAD7. These pathways were disease relevant because the levels of CHIT1 were increased and inversely correlated with SMAD7 in tissues from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis or scleroderma-associated interstitial lung disease. These studies demonstrate that CHIT1 regulates TGF-β1/SMAD7 axis via TGFBRAP1 and FOXO3 and highlight the importance of these pathways in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Min Lee
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Chuan-Hua He
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Jin Wook Park
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Jae Hyun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Suchita Kamle
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Bing Ma
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Bedia Akosman
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Roberto Cotez
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Emily Chen
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Yang Zhou
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Erica L Herzog
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Changwan Ryu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Xueyan Peng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Sergio Poli
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carol Feghali Bostwick
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Augustine M Choi
- Weill Cornell Medicine Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jack A Elias
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA .,Division of Medicine and Biological Sciences, Brown University, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Chun Geun Lee
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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48
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Chitotriosidase enhances TGFβ-Smad signaling and uptake of β-amyloid in N9 microglia. Neurosci Lett 2018; 687:99-103. [PMID: 30248366 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
TGFβ-Smad signaling is involved in the modulation of β-amyloid (Aβ) clearance in microglia. This signaling is impaired in the brain of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Chitotriosidase (CHIT1) is elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid and peripheral blood of AD patients, and has been reported to augment TGFβ signaling in fibroblast and T cells. In this study, we investigated the role of CHIT1 in TGFβ-Smad signaling and Aβ phagocytosis in N9 microglia. We found that CHIT1 significantly enhanced TGFβ1-induced expression of TβRI (TGFβ receptor I) and activation of Smad signaling. CHIT1 did not affect Aβ uptake in microglia by itself, but did enhance TGFβ1-induced phagocytosis of Aβ, which was blocked by pretreatment with SB431542 (TβRI inhibitor). These results indicate that CHIT1 may play a protective role in Aβ clearance by enhancing TGFβ signaling in microglia.
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49
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Hong JY, Kim M, Sol IS, Kim KW, Lee CM, Elias JA, Sohn MH, Lee CG. Chitotriosidase inhibits allergic asthmatic airways via regulation of TGF-β expression and Foxp3 + Treg cells. Allergy 2018; 73:1686-1699. [PMID: 29420850 PMCID: PMC6047905 DOI: 10.1111/all.13426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chitotriosidase (chitinase 1, Chit1), a major true chitinase in humans, is induced in childhood asthma and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a variety of inflammatory and tissue remodeling responses. However, the role and the mechanisms that underlie these contributions to the diseases have not been defined. We hypothesized that Chit1 plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma. METHODS Wild-type and Chit1-deficient mice and cells in culture were used to define the roles of Chit1 in models of allergic adaptive Th2 inflammation. In addition, the levels of sputum Chit1 were evaluated in pediatric asthma patients and compared to control. RESULTS The levels of sputum Chit1 were significantly increased in the patients with childhood asthma. Mice with Chit1 null mutation demonstrated enhanced allergic Th2 inflammatory and cytokine and IgE responses to OVA or house dust mite allergen sensitization and challenge. However, the expression levels of TGF-β1 were significantly decreased with a diminished number of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Treg) in the lungs of Chit1-/- mice compared to WT controls. In vitro, the absence of Chit1 significantly reduced TGF-β-stimulated conversion of CD4+ CD25- naïve T cells to CD4+ Foxp3+ Treg cells, suggesting Chit1 is required for optimal effect of TGF-β1 in Treg cell differentiation. CONCLUSION Chit1 plays a protective role in the pathogenesis of allergic inflammation and asthmatic airway responses via regulation of TGF-β expression and Foxp3+ Treg cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Yeon Hong
- Department of Pediatrics and Institute of Allergy, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mina Kim
- Department of Pediatrics and Institute of Allergy, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - In Suk Sol
- Department of Pediatrics and Institute of Allergy, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Won Kim
- Department of Pediatrics and Institute of Allergy, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Min Lee
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, RI., USA
| | - Jack A. Elias
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, RI., USA
| | - Myung Hyun Sohn
- Department of Pediatrics and Institute of Allergy, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chun Geun Lee
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, RI., USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
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50
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Krecak I, Gveric-Krecak V, Roncevic P, Basic-Kinda S, Gulin J, Lapic I, Fumic K, Ilic I, Horvat I, Zadro R, Holik H, Coha B, Peran N, Aurer I, Durakovic N. Serum chitotriosidase: a circulating biomarker in polycythemia vera. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 23:793-802. [PMID: 29993340 DOI: 10.1080/10245332.2018.1498157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Serum chitotriosidase activity (CHIT1) is a biomarker of macrophage activation with an important role in inflammation-induced tissue remodeling and fibrosis. Macrophages have been described to play a crucial role in regulating pathological erythropoiesis in polycythemia vera (PV). The aim of this study was to evaluate CHIT1 in patients diagnosed with Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). METHODS Using fluorometric assay, we measured CHIT1 in 28 PV, 27 essential thrombocythemia (ET), 17 primary myelofibrosis (PMF), 19 patients with secondary myelofibrosis and in 25 healthy controls. RESULTS CHIT1 was significantly higher in PV (p < .001) and post-PV myelofibrosis (MF) transformation (post-PV MF) (p = .020), but not in ET (p = .080), post-ET MF transformation (p = .086), and PMF patients (p = .287), when compared to healthy controls. CHIT1 in PV was positively correlated with hemoglobin (p = .026), hematocrit (p = .012), absolute basophil count (p = .030) and the presence of reticulin fibrosis in the bone marrow (p = .023). DISCUSSION A positive correlation between CHIT1 and these distinct laboratory PV features might imply macrophages closely related to clonal erythropoiesis as cells of CHIT1 origin. In addition, a positive association between CHIT1 and reticulin fibrosis might indicate its potential role in PV progression. CONCLUSION CHIT1 might be considered as a circulating biomarker in PV. Additional studies are needed to clarify the role of CHIT1 in promoting disease progression and bone marrow fibrosis in PV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Krecak
- a Department of Internal Medicine , General Hospital of Sibenik-Knin County , Sibenik , Croatia
| | - Velka Gveric-Krecak
- a Department of Internal Medicine , General Hospital of Sibenik-Knin County , Sibenik , Croatia
| | - Pavle Roncevic
- b Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine , University Hospital Center Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Sandra Basic-Kinda
- b Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine , University Hospital Center Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Josipa Gulin
- c Division for Laboratory Diagnostics of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Department of Laboratory Diagnostics , University Hospital Center Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Ivana Lapic
- c Division for Laboratory Diagnostics of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Department of Laboratory Diagnostics , University Hospital Center Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Ksenija Fumic
- c Division for Laboratory Diagnostics of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Department of Laboratory Diagnostics , University Hospital Center Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia.,d Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry , University of Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Ivana Ilic
- e Department of Pathology and Cytology, University Hospital Center Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia.,f School of Medicine , University of Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Ivana Horvat
- g Division for Laboratory Hematology and Coagulation, Clinical Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Center Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Renata Zadro
- d Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry , University of Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia.,g Division for Laboratory Hematology and Coagulation, Clinical Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Center Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Hrvoje Holik
- h Department of Internal medicine , "Dr. Josip Bencevic" General Hospital , Slavonski Brod , Croatia
| | - Bozena Coha
- h Department of Internal medicine , "Dr. Josip Bencevic" General Hospital , Slavonski Brod , Croatia
| | - Nena Peran
- i Department of Laboratory Diagnostics , General Hospital of Sibenik-Knin County , Sibenik , Croatia
| | - Igor Aurer
- b Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine , University Hospital Center Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia.,f School of Medicine , University of Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Nadira Durakovic
- b Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine , University Hospital Center Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia.,f School of Medicine , University of Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia
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