1
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Dingjan T, Futerman AH. Fine-tuned protein-lipid interactions in biological membranes: exploration and implications of the ORMDL-ceramide negative feedback loop in the endoplasmic reticulum. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1457209. [PMID: 39170919 PMCID: PMC11335536 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1457209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Biological membranes consist of a lipid bilayer in which integral membrane proteins are embedded. Based on the compositional complexity of the lipid species found in membranes, and on their specific and selective interactions with membrane proteins, we recently suggested that membrane bilayers can be best described as "finely-tuned molecular machines." We now discuss one such set of lipid-protein interactions by describing a negative feedback mechanism operating in the de novo sphingolipid biosynthetic pathway, which occurs in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum, and describe the atomic interactions between the first enzyme in the pathway, namely serine palmitoyl transferase, and the product of the fourth enzyme in the pathway, ceramide. We explore how hydrogen-bonding and hydrophobic interactions formed between Asn13 and Phe63 in the serine palmitoyl transferase complex and ceramide can influence the ceramide content of the endoplasmic reticulum. This example of finely-tuned biochemical interactions raises intriguing mechanistic questions about how sphingolipids and their biosynthetic enzymes could have evolved, particularly in light of their metabolic co-dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamir Dingjan
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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2
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Liu T, Woodruff PG, Zhou X. Advances in non-type 2 severe asthma: from molecular insights to novel treatment strategies. Eur Respir J 2024; 64:2300826. [PMID: 38697650 PMCID: PMC11325267 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00826-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Asthma is a prevalent pulmonary disease that affects more than 300 million people worldwide and imposes a substantial economic burden. While medication can effectively control symptoms in some patients, severe asthma attacks, driven by airway inflammation induced by environmental and infectious exposures, continue to be a major cause of asthma-related mortality. Heterogeneous phenotypes of asthma include type 2 (T2) and non-T2 asthma. Non-T2 asthma is often observed in patients with severe and/or steroid-resistant asthma. This review covers the molecular mechanisms, clinical phenotypes, causes and promising treatments of non-T2 severe asthma. Specifically, we discuss the signalling pathways for non-T2 asthma including the activation of inflammasomes, interferon responses and interleukin-17 pathways, and their contributions to the subtypes, progression and severity of non-T2 asthma. Understanding the molecular mechanisms and genetic determinants underlying non-T2 asthma could form the basis for precision medicine in severe asthma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine and Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Prescott G Woodruff
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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3
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Demkova L, Bugajev V, Adamcova MK, Kuchar L, Grusanovic S, Alberich-Jorda M, Draber P, Halova I. Simultaneous deletion of ORMDL1 and ORMDL3 proteins disrupts immune cell homeostasis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1376629. [PMID: 38715613 PMCID: PMC11074395 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1376629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
ORMDL3 is a prominent member of a family of highly conserved endoplasmic reticulum resident proteins, ORMs (ORM1 and ORM2) in yeast, dORMDL in Drosophila and ORMDLs (ORMDL1, ORMDL2, and ORMDL3) in mammals. ORMDL3 mediates feedback inhibition of de novo sphingolipid synthesis. Expression levels of ORMDL3 are associated with the development of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases including asthma, systemic lupus erythematosus, type 1 diabetes mellitus and others. It has been shown that simultaneous deletions of other ORMDL family members could potentiate ORMDL3-induced phenotypes. To understand the complex function of ORMDL proteins in immunity in vivo, we analyzed mice with single or double deletions of Ormdl genes. In contrast to other single and double knockouts, simultaneous deletion of ORMDL1 and ORMDL3 proteins disrupted blood homeostasis and reduced immune cell content in peripheral blood and spleens of mice. The reduced number of splenocytes was not caused by aberrant immune cell homing. A competitive bone marrow transplantation assay showed that the development of Ormdl1-/-/Ormdl3-/- B cells was dependent on lymphocyte intrinsic factors. Highly increased sphingolipid production was observed in the spleens and bone marrow of Ormdl1-/-/Ormdl3-/- mice. Slight, yet significant, increase in some sphingolipid species was also observed in the spleens of Ormdl3-/- mice and in the bone marrow of both, Ormdl1-/- and Ormdl3-/- single knockout mice. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the physiological expression of ORMDL proteins is critical for the proper development and circulation of lymphocytes. We also show cell-type specific roles of individual ORMDL family members in the production of different sphingolipid species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Demkova
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Viktor Bugajev
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Miroslava K. Adamcova
- Laboratory of Hemato-Oncology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Ladislav Kuchar
- Research Unit for Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Srdjan Grusanovic
- Laboratory of Hemato-Oncology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Meritxell Alberich-Jorda
- Laboratory of Hemato-Oncology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Petr Draber
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Ivana Halova
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
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4
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Kilic A, Halu A, De Marzio M, Maiorino E, Duvall MG, Bruggemann TR, Rojas Quintero JJ, Chase R, Mirzakhani H, Sungur AÖ, Koepke J, Nakano T, Peh HY, Krishnamoorthy N, Abdulnour RE, Georgopoulos K, Litonjua AA, Demay M, Renz H, Levy BD, Weiss ST. Vitamin D constrains inflammation by modulating the expression of key genes on Chr17q12-21.1. eLife 2024; 12:RP89270. [PMID: 38567749 PMCID: PMC10990493 DOI: 10.7554/elife.89270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D possesses immunomodulatory functions and vitamin D deficiency has been associated with the rise in chronic inflammatory diseases, including asthma (Litonjua and Weiss, 2007). Vitamin D supplementation studies do not provide insight into the molecular genetic mechanisms of vitamin D-mediated immunoregulation. Here, we provide evidence for vitamin D regulation of two human chromosomal loci, Chr17q12-21.1 and Chr17q21.2, reliably associated with autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases. We demonstrate increased vitamin D receptor (Vdr) expression in mouse lung CD4+ Th2 cells, differential expression of Chr17q12-21.1 and Chr17q21.2 genes in Th2 cells based on vitamin D status and identify the IL-2/Stat5 pathway as a target of vitamin D signaling. Vitamin D deficiency caused severe lung inflammation after allergen challenge in mice that was prevented by long-term prenatal vitamin D supplementation. Mechanistically, vitamin D induced the expression of the Ikzf3-encoded protein Aiolos to suppress IL-2 signaling and ameliorate cytokine production in Th2 cells. These translational findings demonstrate mechanisms for the immune protective effect of vitamin D in allergic lung inflammation with a strong molecular genetic link to the regulation of both Chr17q12-21.1 and Chr17q21.2 genes and suggest further functional studies and interventional strategies for long-term prevention of asthma and other autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Kilic
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Arda Halu
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Margherita De Marzio
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public HealthBostonUnited States
| | - Enrico Maiorino
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Melody G Duvall
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Thayse Regina Bruggemann
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Joselyn J Rojas Quintero
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Robert Chase
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Hooman Mirzakhani
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Ayse Özge Sungur
- Behavioral Neuroscience, Experimental and Biological Psychology, Philipps-UniversityMarburgGermany
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Justus Liebig University GiessenGiessenGermany
| | - Janine Koepke
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Justus Liebig University GiessenGiessenGermany
| | - Taiji Nakano
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Hong Yong Peh
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Nandini Krishnamoorthy
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Raja-Elie Abdulnour
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Katia Georgopoulos
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Augusto A Litonjua
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Golisano Children’s Hospital at Strong, University of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterUnited States
| | - Marie Demay
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Harald Renz
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Molecular Diagnostics, Philipps University of Marburg and German Center for Lung Research (DZL)MarburgGermany
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Laboratory of Immunopathology Sechenov UniversityMoscowRussian Federation
| | - Bruce D Levy
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Scott T Weiss
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
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5
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Varricchi G, Brightling CE, Grainge C, Lambrecht BN, Chanez P. Airway remodelling in asthma and the epithelium: on the edge of a new era. Eur Respir J 2024; 63:2301619. [PMID: 38609094 PMCID: PMC11024394 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01619-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic, heterogeneous disease of the airways, often characterised by structural changes known collectively as airway remodelling. In response to environmental insults, including pathogens, allergens and pollutants, the epithelium can initiate remodelling via an inflammatory cascade involving a variety of mediators that have downstream effects on both structural and immune cells. These mediators include the epithelial cytokines thymic stromal lymphopoietin, interleukin (IL)-33 and IL-25, which facilitate airway remodelling through cross-talk between epithelial cells and fibroblasts, and between mast cells and airway smooth muscle cells, as well as through signalling with immune cells such as macrophages. The epithelium can also initiate airway remodelling independently of inflammation in response to the mechanical stress present during bronchoconstriction. Furthermore, genetic and epigenetic alterations to epithelial components are believed to influence remodelling. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of the roles of the epithelium and epithelial cytokines in driving airway remodelling, facilitated by developments in genetic sequencing and imaging techniques. We also explore how new and existing therapeutics that target the epithelium and epithelial cytokines could modify airway remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilda Varricchi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, WAO Center of Excellence, Naples, Italy
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council, Naples, Italy
- G. Varricchi and C.E. Brightling contributed equally
| | - Christopher E. Brightling
- Institute for Lung Health, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- G. Varricchi and C.E. Brightling contributed equally
| | - Christopher Grainge
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Bart N. Lambrecht
- Center for Inflammation Research, Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pascal Chanez
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
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6
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Zhou X, Sampath V, Nadeau KC. Effect of air pollution on asthma. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2024; 132:426-432. [PMID: 38253122 PMCID: PMC10990824 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2024.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease characterized by respiratory symptoms, variable airflow obstruction, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and airway inflammation. Exposure to air pollution has been linked to an increased risk of asthma development and exacerbation. This review aims to comprehensively summarize recent data on the impact of air pollution on asthma development and exacerbation. Specifically, we reviewed the effects of air pollution on the pathogenic pathways of asthma, including type 2 and non-type 2 inflammatory responses, and airway epithelial barrier dysfunction. Air pollution promotes the release of epithelial cytokines, driving TH2 responses, and induces oxidative stress and the production of proinflammatory cytokines. The enhanced type 2 inflammation, furthered by air pollution-induced dysfunction of the airway epithelial barrier, may be associated with the exacerbation of asthma. Disruption of the TH17/regulatory T cell balance by air pollutants is also related to asthma exacerbation. As the effects of air pollution exposure may accumulate over time, with potentially stronger impacts in the development of asthma during certain sensitive life periods, we also reviewed the effects of air pollution on asthma across the lifespan. Future research is needed to better characterize the sensitive period contributing to the development of air pollution-induced asthma and to map air pollution-associated epigenetic biomarkers contributing to the epigenetic ages onto asthma-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Zhou
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Vanitha Sampath
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kari C Nadeau
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
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7
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Weiss ST, Mirzakhani H, Carey VJ, O'Connor GT, Zeiger RS, Bacharier LB, Stokes J, Litonjua AA. Prenatal vitamin D supplementation to prevent childhood asthma: 15-year results from the Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial (VDAART). J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 153:378-388. [PMID: 37852328 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
This article provides an overview of the findings obtained from the Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial (VDAART) spanning a period of 15 years. The review covers various aspects, including the trial's rationale, study design, and initial intent-to-treat analyses, as well as an explanation of why those analyses did not achieve statistical significance. Additionally, the article delves into the post hoc results obtained from stratified intent-to-treat analyses based on maternal vitamin D baseline levels and genotype-stratified analyses. These results demonstrate a statistically significant reduction in asthma among offspring aged 3 and 6 years when comparing vitamin D supplementation (4400 IU/d) to the standard prenatal multivitamin with vitamin D (400 IU/d). Furthermore, these post hoc analyses found that vitamin D supplementation led to a decrease in total serum IgE levels and improved lung function in children compared to those whose mothers received a placebo alongside the standard prenatal multivitamin with vitamin D. Last, the article concludes with recommendations regarding the optimal dosing of vitamin D for pregnant women to prevent childhood asthma as well as suggestions for future trials in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott T Weiss
- Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
| | - Hooman Mirzakhani
- Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Vincent J Carey
- Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - George T O'Connor
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Centre, Boston Medical Centre, Boston University, Boston, Mass
| | - Robert S Zeiger
- Department of Clinical Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, Calif
| | - Leonard B Bacharier
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology and Pulmonary Medicine, Monroe Carell Jr Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Jeffrey Stokes
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology and Pulmonary Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, Mo
| | - Augusto A Litonjua
- Department of Pediatrics Golisano Children's Hospital, Pediatric Pulmonary Division, University of Rochester Medical School, Rochester, NY
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8
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Ye W, Yu Y, Zhu X, Wan W, Liu Y, Zou H, Zhu Z. A Common Functional Variant at the Enhancer of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Risk Gene ORMDL3 Regulates its Expression Through Allele-Specific JunD Binding. PHENOMICS (CHAM, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 3:485-495. [PMID: 37881318 PMCID: PMC10593690 DOI: 10.1007/s43657-023-00107-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified over 100 loci associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA); however, the functionally affected genes and the underlying molecular mechanisms contributing to these associations are often unknown. In this study, we conducted an integrative genomic analysis incorporating multiple "omics" data and identified a functional regulatory DNA variant, rs56199421, and a plausible mechanism by which it regulates the expression of a putative RA risk gene, ORMDL Sphingolipid Biosynthesis Regulator 3 (ORMDL3). The T allele of rs56199421, located in the enhancer region of ORMDL3, exhibited stronger direct binding ability than the other C allele of rs56199421 did in vitro with the transcription factor JunD and demonstrated higher transcriptional activity. Moreover, the T allele of rs56199421 is associated with elevated RA risk, and ORMDL3 expression is increased in RA patients. Thus, these findings suggest that the T allele of rs56199421 enhances JunD transcription factor binding, increases enhancer activity, and elevates the expression of the RA risk gene ORMDL3. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43657-023-00107-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Ye
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040 China
- Institute of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Yiyun Yu
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040 China
- Institute of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Xiaoxia Zhu
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040 China
- Institute of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Weiguo Wan
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040 China
- Institute of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Yun Liu
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Hejian Zou
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040 China
- Institute of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Zaihua Zhu
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040 China
- Institute of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040 China
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9
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Adrish M, Akuthota P. Approach to non-type 2 asthma. Respir Med 2023:107327. [PMID: 37307904 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2023.107327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Adrish
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Praveen Akuthota
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine & Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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10
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Brown RDR, Spiegel S. ORMDL in metabolic health and disease. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 245:108401. [PMID: 37003301 PMCID: PMC10148913 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a key risk factor for the development of metabolic disease. Bioactive sphingolipid metabolites are among the lipids increased in obesity. Obesogenic saturated fatty acids are substrates for serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) the rate-limiting step in de novo sphingolipid biosynthesis. The mammalian orosomucoid-like protein isoforms ORMDL1-3 negatively regulate SPT activity. Here we summarize evidence that dysregulation of sphingolipid metabolism and SPT activity correlates with pathogenesis of obesity. This review also discusses the current understanding of the function of SPT and ORMDL in obesity and metabolic disease. Gaps and limitations in current knowledge are highlighted together with the need to further understand how ORMDL3, which has been identified as an obesity-related gene, contributes to the pathogenesis of obesity and development of metabolic disease related to its physiological functions. Finally, we point out the needs to move this young field of research forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D R Brown
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Sarah Spiegel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA.
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11
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Feng Y, Liu X, Wang Y, Du R, Mao H. Delineating asthma according to inflammation phenotypes with a focus on paucigranulocytic asthma. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023:00029330-990000000-00572. [PMID: 37185590 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Asthma is characterized by chronic airway inflammation and airway hyper-responsiveness. However, the differences in pathophysiology and phenotypic symptomology make a diagnosis of "asthma" too broad hindering individualized treatment. Four asthmatic inflammatory phenotypes have been identified based on inflammatory cell profiles in sputum: eosinophilic, neutrophilic, paucigranulocytic, and mixed-granulocytic. Paucigranulocytic asthma may be one of the most common phenotypes in stable asthmatic patients, yet it remains much less studied than the other inflammatory phenotypes. Understanding of paucigranulocytic asthma in terms of phenotypic discrimination, distribution, stability, surrogate biomarkers, underlying pathophysiology, clinical characteristics, and current therapies is fragmented, which impedes clinical management of patients. This review brings together existing knowledge and ongoing research about asthma phenotypes, with a focus on paucigranulocytic asthma, in order to present a comprehensive picture that may clarify specific inflammatory phenotypes and thus improve clinical diagnoses and disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinhe Feng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xiaoyin Liu
- West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yubin Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Rao Du
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Hui Mao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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12
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James BN, Weigel C, Green CD, Brown RDR, Palladino END, Tharakan A, Milstien S, Proia RL, Martin RK, Spiegel S. Neutrophilia in severe asthma is reduced in Ormdl3 overexpressing mice. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22799. [PMID: 36753412 PMCID: PMC9990076 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201821r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies have linked the ORM (yeast)-like protein isoform 3 (ORMDL3) to asthma severity. Although ORMDL3 is a member of a family that negatively regulates serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) and thus biosynthesis of sphingolipids, it is still unclear whether ORMDL3 and altered sphingolipid synthesis are causally related to non-Th2 severe asthma associated with a predominant neutrophil inflammation and high interleukin-17 (IL-17) levels. Here, we examined the effects of ORMDL3 overexpression in a preclinical mouse model of allergic lung inflammation that is predominantly neutrophilic and recapitulates many of the clinical features of severe human asthma. ORMDL3 overexpression reduced lung and circulating levels of dihydrosphingosine, the product of SPT. However, the most prominent effect on sphingolipid levels was reduction of circulating S1P. The LPS/OVA challenge increased markers of Th17 inflammation with a predominant infiltration of neutrophils into the lung. A significant decrease of neutrophil infiltration was observed in the Ormdl3 transgenic mice challenged with LPS/OVA compared to the wild type and concomitant decrease in IL-17, that plays a key role in the pathogenesis of neutrophilic asthma. LPS decreased survival of murine neutrophils, which was prevented by co-treatment with S1P. Moreover, S1P potentiated LPS-induced chemotaxis of neutrophil, suggesting that S1P can regulate neutrophil survival and recruitment following LPS airway inflammation. Our findings reveal a novel connection between ORMDL3 overexpression, circulating levels of S1P, IL-17 and neutrophil recruitment into the lung, and questions the potential involvement of ORMDL3 in the pathology, leading to development of severe neutrophilic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Briana N. James
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyVirginia Commonwealth University School of MedicineRichmondVirginiaUSA
| | - Cynthia Weigel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyVirginia Commonwealth University School of MedicineRichmondVirginiaUSA
| | - Christopher D. Green
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyVirginia Commonwealth University School of MedicineRichmondVirginiaUSA
| | - Ryan D. R. Brown
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyVirginia Commonwealth University School of MedicineRichmondVirginiaUSA
| | - Elisa N. D. Palladino
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyVirginia Commonwealth University School of MedicineRichmondVirginiaUSA
| | - Anuj Tharakan
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyVirginia Commonwealth University School of MedicineRichmondVirginiaUSA
| | - Sheldon Milstien
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyVirginia Commonwealth University School of MedicineRichmondVirginiaUSA
| | - Richard L. Proia
- Genetics and Biochemistry BranchNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIHBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Rebecca K. Martin
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyVirginia Commonwealth University School of MedicineRichmondVirginiaUSA
| | - Sarah Spiegel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyVirginia Commonwealth University School of MedicineRichmondVirginiaUSA
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13
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Lee JH, Son SH, Kim NJ, Im DS. NJK14047 Suppression of the p38 MAPK Ameliorates OVA-Induced Allergic Asthma during Sensitization and Challenge Periods. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2023; 31:183-192. [PMID: 36171179 PMCID: PMC9970832 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2022.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
p38 MAPK has been implicated in the pathogenesis of asthma as well as pro-allergic Th2 cytokines, orosomucoid-like protein isoform 3 (ORMDL3), regulation of sphingolipid biosynthesis, and regulatory T cell-derived IL-35. To elucidate the role of p38 MAPK in the pathogenesis of asthma, we examined the effect of NJK14047, an inhibitor of p38 MAPK, against ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma; we administrated NJK14047 before OVA sensitization or challenge in BALB/c mice. As ORMDL3 regulation of sphingolipid biosynthesis has been implicated in childhood asthma, ORMDL3 expression and sphingolipids contents were also analyzed. NJK14047 inhibited antigen-induced degranulation of RBL-2H3 mast cells. NJK14047 administration both before OVA sensitization and challenge strongly inhibited the increase in eosinophil and lymphocyte counts in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. In addition, NJK14047 administration inhibited the increase in the levels of Th2 cytokines. Moreover, NJK14047 reduced the inflammatory score and the number of periodic acid-Schiff-stained cells in the lungs. Further, OVA-induced increase in the levels of C16:0 and C24:1 ceramides was not altered by NJK14047. These results suggest that p38 MAPK plays crucial roles in activation of dendritic and mast cells during sensitization and challenge periods, but not in ORMDL3 and sphingolipid biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Hyun Lee
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02446, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hwan Son
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02446, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Jung Kim
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02446, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Soon Im
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02446, Republic of Korea,Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02446, Republic of Korea,Corresponding Author E-mail: , Tel: +82-2-961-9377, Fax: +82-2-961-9580
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14
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Wu CC, Wang CC, Chung WY, Sheu CC, Yang YH, Cheng MY, Lai RS, Leung SY, Lin CC, Wei YF, Lin CH, Lin SH, Hsu JY, Huang WC, Tseng CC, Lai YF, Cheng MH, Chen HC, Yang CJ, Hsu SC, Su CH, Wang CJ, Liu HJ, Chen HL, Hsu YT, Hung CH, Lee CL, Huang MS, Huang SK. Environmental risks and sphingolipid signatures in adult asthma and its phenotypic clusters: a multicentre study. Thorax 2023; 78:225-232. [PMID: 35710744 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-218396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adult asthma is phenotypically heterogeneous with unclear aetiology. We aimed to evaluate the potential contribution of environmental exposure and its ensuing response to asthma and its heterogeneity. METHODS Environmental risk was evaluated by assessing the records of National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) and residence-based air pollution (particulate matter with diameter less than 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5) and PM2.5-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)), integrating biomonitoring analysis of environmental pollutants, inflammatory markers and sphingolipid metabolites in case-control populations with mass spectrometry and ELISA. Phenotypic clustering was evaluated by t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) integrating 18 clinical and demographic variables. FINDINGS In the NHIRD dataset, modest increase in the relative risk with time-lag effect for emergency (N=209 837) and outpatient visits (N=638 538) was observed with increasing levels of PM2.5 and PAHs. Biomonitoring analysis revealed a panel of metals and organic pollutants, particularly metal Ni and PAH, posing a significant risk for current asthma (ORs=1.28-3.48) and its severity, correlating with the level of oxidative stress markers, notably Nε-(hexanoyl)-lysine (r=0.108-0.311, p<0.05), but not with the accumulated levels of PM2.5 exposure. Further, levels of circulating sphingosine-1-phosphate and ceramide-1-phosphate were found to discriminate asthma (p<0.001 and p<0.05, respectively), correlating with the levels of PAH (r=0.196, p<0.01) and metal exposure (r=0.202-0.323, p<0.05), respectively, and both correlating with circulating inflammatory markers (r=0.186-0.427, p<0.01). Analysis of six phenotypic clusters and those cases with comorbid type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) revealed cluster-selective environmental risks and biosignatures. INTERPRETATION These results suggest the potential contribution of environmental factors from multiple sources, their ensuing oxidative stress and sphingolipid remodeling to adult asthma and its phenotypic heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Chien Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Branch, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chou Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Branch, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Public Health, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yu Chung
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Chyun Sheu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsin Yang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Maioli, Taiwan
| | | | - Ruay-Sheng Lai
- Division of Chest Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sum-Yee Leung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Branch, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Cheng Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Antai Medical Care Corp Antai Tian Sheng Memorial Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Feng Wei
- Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hsiung Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Recreation and Holistic Wellness, MingDao University, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Hao Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Recreation and Holistic Wellness, MingDao University, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Yuan Hsu
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chang Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Cheng Tseng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Branch, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Fa Lai
- Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Hsuan Cheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Chi Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jen Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chang Hsu
- Emergency Department, Taipei Municipal Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Emergency, Taipei Medical University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chian-Heng Su
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Jen Wang
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Maioli, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Ju Liu
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Maioli, Taiwan
| | - Hua-Ling Chen
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Maioli, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Ting Hsu
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Maioli, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsing Hung
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan .,Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chon-Lin Lee
- Department of Marine Environment and Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shyan Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan .,Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shau-Ku Huang
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Maioli, Taiwan .,Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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15
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Nowakowska J, Olechnowicz A, Langwiński W, Koteluk O, Lemańska Ż, Jóźwiak K, Kamiński K, Łosiewski W, Stegmayr J, Wagner D, Alsafadi HN, Lindstedt S, Dziuba M, Bielicka A, Graczyk Z, Szczepankiewicz A. Increased expression of ORMDL3 in allergic asthma: a case control and in vitro study. J Asthma 2023; 60:458-467. [PMID: 35321632 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2022.2056896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is the most frequent chronic disease in children. One of the most replicated genetic findings in childhood asthma is the ORMDL3 gene confirmed in several GWA studies in several pediatric populations. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to analyze ORMDL3 variants and expression in childhood asthma in the Polish population. METHODS In the study we included 416 subject, 223 asthmatic children and 193 healthy control subjects. The analysis of two SNPs (rs3744246 and rs8076131) was performed using genotyping with TaqMan probes. The methylation of the ORMDL3 promoter was examined with Methylation Sensitive HRM (MS-HRM), covering 9 CpG sites. The expression of ORMDL3 was analyzed in PBMCs from pediatric patients diagnosed with allergic asthma and primary human bronchial epithelial cells derived from healthy subjects treated with IL-13, IL-4, or co-treatment with both cytokines to model allergic airway inflammation. RESULTS We found that ORMDL3 expression was increased in allergic asthma both in PBMCs from asthmatic patients as well as in human bronchial epithelial cells stimulated with the current cytokines. We did not observe significant differences between cases and controls either in the genotype distribution of analyzed SNPs (rs3744246 and rs8076131) nor in the level of promoter methylation. CONCLUSIONS Increased ORMDL3 expression is associated with pediatric allergic asthma and upregulated in the airways upon Th2-cytokines stimulation, but further functional studies are required to fully understand its role in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Nowakowska
- Molecular and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Olechnowicz
- Molecular and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Wojciech Langwiński
- Molecular and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Oliwia Koteluk
- Molecular and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Żaneta Lemańska
- Molecular and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Kacper Jóźwiak
- Molecular and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Kacper Kamiński
- Molecular and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Wojciech Łosiewski
- Molecular and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - John Stegmayr
- Lung Bioengineering and Regeneration, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Darcy Wagner
- Lung Bioengineering and Regeneration, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hani N Alsafadi
- Lung Bioengineering and Regeneration, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sandra Lindstedt
- Lung Bioengineering and Regeneration, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria Dziuba
- Molecular and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Antonina Bielicka
- Molecular and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Graczyk
- Molecular and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Szczepankiewicz
- Molecular and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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16
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Ceramide Nanoliposomes as Potential Therapeutic Reagents for Asthma. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040591. [PMID: 36831258 PMCID: PMC9954069 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Ceramides are an emerging class of anti-inflammatory lipids, and nanoscale ceramide-delivery systems are potential therapeutic strategies for inflammatory diseases. This study investigated the therapeutic effects of ceramide nanoliposomes (CNL) on type 2 inflammation-based asthma, induced by repeated ovalbumin (OVA) challenges. Asthmatic mice intratracheally treated with ceramide-free liposomes (Ghost) displayed typical airway remodeling including mucosal accumulation and subepithelial fibrosis, whereas, in CNL-treated mice, the degree of airway remodeling was significantly decreased. Compared to the Ghost group, CNL treatment unexpectedly failed to significantly influence formation of type 2 cytokines, including IL-5 and IL-13, known to facilitate pathogenic production of airway mucus predominantly comprising MUC5AC mucin. Interestingly, CNL treatment suppressed OVA-evoked hyperplasia of MUC5AC-generating goblet cells in the airways. This suggests that CNL suppressed goblet cell hyperplasia and airway mucosal accumulation independently of type 2 cytokine formation. Mechanistically, CNL treatment suppressed cell growth and EGF-induced activation of Akt, but not ERK1/2, in a human lung epithelial cell culture system recapitulating airway goblet cell hyperplasia. Taken together, CNL is suggested to have therapeutic effects on airway remodeling in allergic asthma by targeting goblet cell hyperplasia. These findings raise the potential of ceramide-based therapies for airway diseases, such as asthma.
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17
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The airway smooth muscle sodium/calcium exchanger NCLX is critical for airway remodeling and hyperresponsiveness in asthma. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102259. [PMID: 35841929 PMCID: PMC9372629 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The structural changes of airway smooth muscle (ASM) that characterize airway remodeling (AR) are crucial to the pathogenesis of asthma. During AR, ASM cells dedifferentiate from a quiescent to a proliferative, migratory, and secretory phenotype. Calcium (Ca2+) is a ubiquitous second messenger that regulates many cellular processes, including proliferation, migration, contraction, and metabolism. Furthermore, mitochondria have emerged as major Ca2+ signaling organelles that buffer Ca2+ through uptake by the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter and extrude it through the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCLX/Slc8b1). Here, we show using mitochondrial Ca2+-sensitive dyes that NCLX only partially contributes to mitochondrial Ca2+ extrusion in ASM cells. Yet, NCLX is necessary for ASM cell proliferation and migration. Through cellular imaging, RNA-Seq, and biochemical assays, we demonstrate that NCLX regulates these processes by preventing mitochondrial Ca2+ overload and supporting store-operated Ca2+ entry, activation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II, and transcriptional and metabolic reprogramming. Using small animal respiratory mechanic measurements and immunohistochemistry, we show that smooth muscle-specific NCLX KO mice are protected against AR, fibrosis, and hyperresponsiveness in an experimental model of asthma. Our findings support NCLX as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of asthma.
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18
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Hernandez-Ramirez G, Pazos-Castro D, Gonzalez-Klein Z, Resuela-Gonzalez JL, Fernandez-Bravo S, Palacio-Garcia L, Esteban V, Garrido-Arandia M, Tome-Amat J, Diaz-Perales A. Alt a 1 Promotes Allergic Asthma In Vivo Through TLR4-Alveolar Macrophages. Front Immunol 2022; 13:877383. [PMID: 35844541 PMCID: PMC9280186 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.877383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The mold Alternaria alternata is one of the main sources of asthma exacerbation, being its major allergen, Alt a 1, indispensable for its development. The main objective of this work was to answer two main questions: 1) can Alt a 1 by itself (without any other context) induce an asthmatic profile in vivo?; and 2) Which molecular mechanisms take place during this phenomenon? To answer both questions, we have developed a mouse model of allergic asthma using only Alt a 1 for mice sensitization. We also made use of in-vitro cellular models and computational studies to support some aspects of our hypothesis. Our results showed that Alt a 1 can induce an asthmatic phenotype, promoting tissue remodeling and infiltration of CD45+ cells, especially eosinophils and macrophages (Siglec F+ and F4/80+). Also, we have found that Alt a 1 sensitization is mediated by the TLR4-macrophage axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guadalupe Hernandez-Ramirez
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (UPM –INIA/CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Pazos-Castro
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (UPM –INIA/CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biotechnology-Plant Biology, Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas (ETSIAAB), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Zulema Gonzalez-Klein
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (UPM –INIA/CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biotechnology-Plant Biology, Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas (ETSIAAB), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Resuela-Gonzalez
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (UPM –INIA/CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Fernandez-Bravo
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucia Palacio-Garcia
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanesa Esteban
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Garrido-Arandia
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (UPM –INIA/CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biotechnology-Plant Biology, Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas (ETSIAAB), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Tome-Amat
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (UPM –INIA/CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Araceli Diaz-Perales
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (UPM –INIA/CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biotechnology-Plant Biology, Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas (ETSIAAB), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Araceli Diaz-Perales,
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19
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Curtiss ML, Deshane JS. "Stick a Fork in Me; I'm Done": Epithelial Cell Expression of ORMDL Sphingolipid Biosynthesis Regulator 3 Mediates Autophagic Cell Death. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2022; 66:593-595. [PMID: 35377833 PMCID: PMC9163635 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2022-0023ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Miranda L Curtiss
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Jessy S Deshane
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, Alabama
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20
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Guo F, Hao Y, Zhang L, Croteau-Chonka DC, Thibault D, Kothari P, Li L, Levy BD, Zhou X, Raby BA. Asthma Susceptibility Gene ORMDL3 Promotes Autophagy in Human Bronchial Epithelium. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2022; 66:661-670. [PMID: 35353673 PMCID: PMC9163638 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2021-0305oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The genome-wide association study (GWAS)-identified asthma susceptibility risk alleles on chromosome 17q21 increase the expression of ORMDL3 (ORMDL sphingolipid biosynthesis regulator 3) in lung tissue. Given the importance of epithelial integrity in asthma, we hypothesized that ORMDL3 directly impacted bronchial epithelial function. To determine whether and how ORMDL3 expression impacts the bronchial epithelium, in studies using both primary human bronchial epithelial cells and human bronchial epithelial cell line, 16HBE (16HBE14o-), we assessed the impact of ORMDL3 on autophagy. Studies included: autophagosome detection by electron microscopy, RFP-GFP-LC3B to assess autophagic activity, and Western blot analysis of autophagy-related proteins. Mechanistic assessments included immunoprecipitation assays, intracellular calcium mobilization assessments, and cell viability assays. Coexpression of ORMDL3 and autophagy-related genes was measured in primary human bronchial epithelial cells derived from 44 subjects. Overexpressing ORMDL3 demonstrated increased numbers of autophagosomes and increased levels of autophagy-related proteins LC3B, ATG3, ATG7, and ATG16L1. ORMDL3 overexpression promotes autophagy and subsequent cell death by impairing intracellular calcium mobilization through interacting with SERCA2. Strong correlation was observed between expression of ORMDL3 and autophagy-related genes in patient-derived bronchial epithelial cells. Increased ORMDL3 expression induces autophagy, possibly through interacting with SERCA2, thereby inhibiting intracellular calcium influx, and induces cell death, impairing bronchial epithelial function in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Guo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and
| | - Yuan Hao
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - Li Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | | | | | | | - Lijia Li
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and
| | - Bruce D. Levy
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Benjamin A. Raby
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and
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Paucigranulocytic Asthma: Potential Pathogenetic Mechanisms, Clinical Features and Therapeutic Management. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12050850. [PMID: 35629272 PMCID: PMC9145917 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12050850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a heterogeneous disease usually characterized by chronic airway inflammation, in which several phenotypes have been described, related to the age of onset, symptoms, inflammatory characteristics and treatment response. The identification of the inflammatory phenotype in asthma is very useful, since it allows for both the recognition of the asthmatic triggering factor as well as the optimization of treatment The paucigranulocytic phenotype of asthma (PGA) is characterized by sputum eosinophil levels <1−3% and sputum neutrophil levels < 60%. The precise characteristics and the pathobiology of PGA are not fully understood, and, in some cases, it seems to represent a previous eosinophilic phenotype with a good response to anti-inflammatory treatment. However, many patients with PGA remain uncontrolled and experience asthmatic symptoms and exacerbations, irrespective of the low grade of airway inflammation. This observation leads to the hypothesis that PGA might also be either a special phenotype driven by different kinds of cells, such as macrophages or mast cells, or a non-inflammatory phenotype with a low grade of eosinophilic inflammation. In this review, we aim to describe the special characteristics of PGA and the potential therapeutic interventions that could be offered to these patients.
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22
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Weng N, Miller M, Pham AK, Komor AC, Broide DH. Single-base editing of rs12603332 on chromosome 17q21 with a cytosine base editor regulates ORMDL3 and ATF6α expression. Allergy 2022; 77:1139-1149. [PMID: 34525218 DOI: 10.1111/all.15092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic association studies have demonstrated that the SNP rs12603332 located on chromosome 17q21 is highly associated with the risk of the development of asthma. METHODS To determine whether SNP rs1260332 is functional in regulating levels of ORMDL3 expression, we used a Cytosine Base Editor (CBE) plasmid DNA or a CBE mRNA to edit the rs12603332 C risk allele to the T non-risk allele in a human lymphocyte cell line (i.e., Jurkat cells) and in primary human CD4 T cells that carry the C risk alleles. RESULTS Jurkat cells with the rs12603332 C risk allele expressed significantly higher levels of ORMDL3 mRNA, as well as the ORMDL3 regulated gene ATF6α as assessed by qPCR compared to Jurkat clones with the T non-risk allele. In primary human CD4 T cells, we edited 90 ± 3% of the rs12603332-C risk allele to the T non-risk allele and observed a reduction in ORMDL3 and ATF6α expression. Bioinformatic analysis predicted that the non-risk allele rs12603332-T could be the central element of the E-box binding motif (CANNTG) recognized by the E47 transcription factor. An EMSA assay confirmed the bioinformatics prediction demonstrating that a rs12603332-T containing probe bound to the transcription factor E47 in vitro. CONCLUSIONS SNP rs12603332 is functional in regulating the expression of ORMDL3 as well as ORMDL3 regulated gene ATF6α expression. In addition, we demonstrate the use of CBE technology in functionally interrogating asthma-associated SNPs using studies of primary human CD4 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Weng
- Department of Medicine University of California San Diego La Jolla California USA
| | - Marina Miller
- Department of Medicine University of California San Diego La Jolla California USA
| | - Alexa K. Pham
- Department of Medicine University of California San Diego La Jolla California USA
| | - Alexis C. Komor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California San Diego La Jolla California USA
| | - David H. Broide
- Department of Medicine University of California San Diego La Jolla California USA
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Chen R, Michaeloudes C, Liang Y, Bhavsar PK, Chung KF, Ip MSM, Mak JCW. ORMDL3 regulates cigarette smoke-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress in airway smooth muscle cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 149:1445-1457.e5. [PMID: 34624393 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Orosomucoid 1-like protein 3 (ORMDL3), a transmembrane protein localized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), has been genetically associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), in addition to childhood-onset asthma. However, the functional role of ORMDL3 in the pathogenesis of COPD is still unknown. OBJECTIVE Because cigarette smoke is the major risk factor for COPD, we aimed to investigate the role of ORMDL3 in cigarette smoke-induced human airway smooth muscle cell (HASMC) injury. METHODS The mRNA and protein expression of ORMDL3 was examined in HASMCs from nonsmokers and smokers without or with COPD. Knockdown of ORMDL3 in primary healthy HASMCs was performed using small interfering RNA before exposure to cigarette smoke medium (CSM) for 24 hours. Inflammatory, proliferative/apoptotic, ER stress, and mitochondrial markers were evaluated. RESULTS Elevation of ORMDL3 mRNA and protein expression was observed in HASMCs of smokers without or with COPD. CSM caused significant upregulation of ORMDL3 expression in healthy nonsmokers. ORMDL3 knockdown regulated CSM-induced inflammation, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. Silencing ORMDL3 led to reduction of CSM-induced ER stress via inhibition of unfolded protein response pathways such as activating transcription factor 6 and protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase. ORMDL3 was also involved in CSM-induced mitochondrial dysfunction via the mitochondrial fission process. CONCLUSIONS We report the induction of ORMDL3 in HASMCs after cigarette smoke exposure. ORMDL3 may mediate cigarette smoke-induced activation of unfolded protein response pathways during airway smooth muscle cell injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Charalambos Michaeloudes
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Respiratory Medicine, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital Respiratory Division, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yingmin Liang
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Respiratory Medicine, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital Respiratory Division, Shenzhen, China
| | - Pankaj K Bhavsar
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Respiratory Medicine, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital Respiratory Division, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kian Fan Chung
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Respiratory Medicine, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital Respiratory Division, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mary S M Ip
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Respiratory Medicine, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital Respiratory Division, Shenzhen, China
| | - Judith C W Mak
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Respiratory Medicine, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital Respiratory Division, Shenzhen, China; Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Training associated alterations in equine respiratory immunity using a multiomics comparative approach. Sci Rep 2022; 12:427. [PMID: 35013475 PMCID: PMC8748960 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04137-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophilic airway inflammation is highly prevalent in racehorses in training, with the term mild to moderate equine asthma (MMEA) being applied to the majority of such cases. Our proposed study is largely derived from the strong association between MMEA in racehorses and their entry into a race training program. The objectives of this study are to characterise the effect of training on the local pulmonary immune system by defining the gene and protein expression of tracheal wash (TW) derived samples from Thoroughbred racehorses prior to and following commencement of race training. Multiomics analysis detected 2138 differentially expressed genes and 260 proteins during the training period. Gene and protein sets were enriched for biological processes related to acute phase response, oxidative stress, haemopoietic processes, as well as to immune response and inflammation. This study demonstrated TW samples to represent a rich source of airway cells, protein and RNA to study airway immunity in the horse and highlighted the benefits of a multiomics methodological approach to studying the dynamics of equine airway immunity. Findings likely reflect the known associations between race-training and both airway inflammation and bleeding, offering further insight into the potential mechanisms which underpin training associated airway inflammation.
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25
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STIM1 is a core trigger of airway smooth muscle remodeling and hyperresponsiveness in asthma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:2114557118. [PMID: 34949717 PMCID: PMC8740694 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2114557118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Stromal-interacting molecule 1 (STIM1) proteins are essential for the function of store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). Using transcriptomics, metabolomics, imaging, and inducible smooth muscle–specific STIM1 knockout mice expressing genetically encoded Ca2+ sensors, we reveal a crucial function of STIM1 in airway remodeling and airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma. STIM1-mediated Ca2+ oscillations in airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells are critical for ASM remodeling through metabolic and transcriptional reprogramming and cytokine secretion, including IL-6. These effects are driven by Ca2+-dependent activation of the transcription factor isoform NFAT4 specifically in ASM. Our data provide evidence that ASM STIM1 and SOCE are central triggers of asthma manifestations and advocate for the future use of STIM1 as a molecular target in asthma therapy. Airway remodeling and airway hyperresponsiveness are central drivers of asthma severity. Airway remodeling is a structural change involving the dedifferentiation of airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells from a quiescent to a proliferative and secretory phenotype. Here, we show up-regulation of the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ sensor stromal-interacting molecule 1 (STIM1) in ASM of asthmatic mice. STIM1 is required for metabolic and transcriptional reprogramming that supports airway remodeling, including ASM proliferation, migration, secretion of cytokines and extracellular matrix, enhanced mitochondrial mass, and increased oxidative phosphorylation and glycolytic flux. Mechanistically, STIM1-mediated Ca2+ influx is critical for the activation of nuclear factor of activated T cells 4 and subsequent interleukin-6 secretion and transcription of pro-remodeling transcription factors, growth factors, surface receptors, and asthma-associated proteins. STIM1 drives airway hyperresponsiveness in asthmatic mice through enhanced frequency and amplitude of ASM cytosolic Ca2+ oscillations. Our data advocates for ASM STIM1 as a target for asthma therapy.
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Aslani MR, Amani M, Masrori N, Boskabady MH, Ebrahimi HA, Chodari L. Crocin attenuates inflammation of lung tissue in ovalbumin-sensitized mice by altering the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress markers. Biofactors 2022; 48:204-215. [PMID: 34856021 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of asthma. The present study aimed to investigate the reducing or suppressing effects of crocin in ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized mice on ER stress markers. Mice were divided into six groups (n = 5 per group) including control, OVA-sensitized (OVA), OVA-treated crocin (OVA-Cr25, OVA-Cr50, and OVA-Cr100 mg/kg), and OVA-treated dexamethasone (1 mg/kg), (OVA-Dexa) groups. Animals 5 later groups were sensitized to OVA and the treatment groups received intraperitoneally crocin/dexamethasone in the last 5 days of the model. At the end of the study, lung tissue was evaluated for airway inflammation, caspase 12 and CHOP protein levels, and expression of ER stress markers using real-time-PCR. Sensitization with OVA significantly caused airway inflammation and induction of ER stress in mice compared to the control group based on the elevated inflammatory cells and ER stress markers in the lung tissue. Treatment with crocin and dexamethasone reduced airway inflammation and suppressed ER stress markers. Interestingly, in the OVA-Cr100 group, the suppressive effects on ER stress apoptotic markers were comparable to the OVA-Dexa group. The results suggest that crocin mediates maladaptive ER stress conditions possibly by creating adaptive ER stress status and driving protein folding correctly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Aslani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Amani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Neghin Masrori
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Boskabady
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Ali Ebrahimi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Leila Chodari
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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Sasset L, Di Lorenzo A. Sphingolipid Metabolism and Signaling in Endothelial Cell Functions. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1372:87-117. [PMID: 35503177 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-0394-6_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The endothelium, inner layer of blood vessels, constitutes a metabolically active paracrine, endocrine, and autocrine organ, able to sense the neighboring environment and exert a variety of biological functions important to preserve the health of vasculature, tissues, and organs. Sphingolipids are both fundamental structural components of the eukaryotic membranes and signaling molecules regulating a variety of biological functions. Ceramide and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), bioactive sphingolipids, have emerged as important regulators of cardiovascular functions in health and disease. In this review we discuss recent insights into the role of ceramide and S1P biosynthesis and signaling in regulating endothelial cell functions, in health and diseases. We also highlight advances into the mechanisms regulating serine palmitoyltransferase, the first and rate-limiting enzyme of de novo sphingolipid biosynthesis, with an emphasis on its inhibitors, ORMDL and NOGO-B. Understanding the molecular mechanisms regulating the sphingolipid de novo biosynthesis may provide the foundation for therapeutic modulation of this pathway in a variety of conditions, including cardiovascular diseases, associated with derangement of this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Sasset
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Feil Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Annarita Di Lorenzo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Feil Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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Wasserman E, Worgall S. Perinatal origins of chronic lung disease: mechanisms-prevention-therapy-sphingolipid metabolism and the genetic and perinatal origins of childhood asthma. Mol Cell Pediatr 2021; 8:22. [PMID: 34931265 PMCID: PMC8688659 DOI: 10.1186/s40348-021-00130-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood asthma derives from complex host-environment interactions occurring in the perinatal and infant period, a critical time for lung development. Sphingolipids are bioactive molecules consistently implicated in the pathogenesis of childhood asthma. Genome wide association studies (GWAS) initially identified a link between alleles within the 17q21 asthma-susceptibility locus, childhood asthma, and overexpression of the ORMDL sphingolipid biosynthesis regulator 3 (ORMDL3), an inhibitor of de novo sphingolipid synthesis. Subsequent studies of pediatric asthma offer strong evidence that these asthma-risk alleles correlate with early-life aberrancies of sphingolipid homeostasis and asthma. Relationships between sphingolipid metabolism and asthma-related risk factors, including maternal obesity and respiratory viral infections, are currently under investigation. This review will summarize how these perinatal and early life exposures can synergize with 17q21 asthma risk alleles to exacerbate disruptions of sphingolipid homeostasis and drive asthma pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Wasserman
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, 525 East 68th Street, Box 225, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, 413 East 69th Street, 12th Floor, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Stefan Worgall
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, 525 East 68th Street, Box 225, New York, NY, 10065, USA. .,Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, 413 East 69th Street, 12th Floor, New York, NY, 10021, USA. .,Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1305 York Avenue, 13th Floor, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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Crosstalk between ORMDL3, serine palmitoyltransferase, and 5-lipoxygenase in the sphingolipid and eicosanoid metabolic pathways. J Lipid Res 2021; 62:100121. [PMID: 34560079 PMCID: PMC8527048 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2021.100121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukotrienes (LTs) and sphingolipids are critical lipid mediators participating in numerous cellular signal transduction events and developing various disorders, such as bronchial hyperactivity leading to asthma. Enzymatic reactions initiating production of these lipid mediators involve 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO)-mediated conversion of arachidonic acid to LTs and serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT)-mediated de novo synthesis of sphingolipids. Previous studies have shown that endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein ORM1-like protein 3 (ORMDL3) inhibits the activity of SPT and subsequent sphingolipid synthesis. However, the role of ORMDL3 in the synthesis of LTs is not known. In this study, we used peritoneal-derived mast cells isolated from ORMDL3 KO or control mice and examined their calcium mobilization, degranulation, NF-κB inhibitor-α phosphorylation, and TNF-α production. We found that peritoneal-derived mast cells with ORMDL3 KO exhibited increased responsiveness to antigen. Detailed lipid analysis showed that compared with WT cells, ORMDL3-deficient cells exhibited not only enhanced production of sphingolipids but also of LT signaling mediators LTB4, 6t-LTB4, LTC4, LTB5, and 6t-LTB5. The crosstalk between ORMDL3 and 5-LO metabolic pathways was supported by the finding that endogenous ORMDL3 and 5-LO are localized in similar endoplasmic reticulum domains in human mast cells and that ORMDL3 physically interacts with 5-LO. Further experiments showed that 5-LO also interacts with the long-chain 1 and long-chain 2 subunits of SPT. In agreement with these findings, 5-LO knockdown increased ceramide levels, and silencing of SPTLC1 decreased arachidonic acid metabolism to LTs to levels observed upon 5-LO knockdown. These results demonstrate functional crosstalk between the LT and sphingolipid metabolic pathways, leading to the production of lipid signaling mediators.
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Alobaidi A, Alsamarai A, Alsamarai MA. Inflammation in Asthma Pathogenesis: Role of T cells, Macrophages, Epithelial Cells and Type 2 Inflammation. Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem 2021; 20:317-332. [PMID: 34544350 DOI: 10.2174/1871523020666210920100707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic disease with abnormal inflammatory and immunological responses. The disease initiated by antigens in subjects with genetic susceptibility. However, environmental factors play a role in the initiation and exacerbation of asthma attack. Asthma is T helper 2 (Th2)-cell-mediated disease. Recent studies indicated that asthma is not a single disease entity, but it is with multiple phenotypes and endotypes. The pathophysiological changes in asthma included a series of subsequent continuous vicious circle of cellular activation contributed to induction of chemokines and cytokines that potentiate inflammation. The heterogeneity of asthma influenced the treatment response. The asthma pathogenesis driven by varied set of cells such as eosinophils, basophils, neutrophils, mast cells, macrophages, epithelial cells and T cells. In this review the role of T cells, macrophage, and epithelial cells are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Alobaidi
- Kirkuk University College of Veterinary Medicine, Kirkuk. Iraq
| | - Abdulghani Alsamarai
- Aalborg Academy College of Medicine [AACOM], Denmark. Tikrit University College of Medicine, [TUCOM], Tikrit. Iraq
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Ogi K, Takabayashi T, Tomita K, Sakashita M, Morikawa T, Ninomiya T, Okamoto M, Narita N, Fujieda S. ORMDL3 overexpression facilitates FcεRI-mediated transcription of proinflammatory cytokines and thapsigargin-mediated PERK phosphorylation in RBL-2H3 cells. IMMUNITY INFLAMMATION AND DISEASE 2021; 9:1394-1405. [PMID: 34288557 PMCID: PMC8589398 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The chromosomal region 17q21 harbors the human orosomucoid‐like 3 (ORMDL3) gene and has been linked to asthma and other inflammatory diseases. ORMDL3 is involved in the unfolded protein response (UPR), lipid metabolism, and inflammatory reactions. We investigated the effects of ORMDL3 overexpression in RBL‐2H3 cells to determine the contribution of ORMDL3 to inflammatory disease development. Methods We generated ORMDL3 stably overexpressing RBL‐2H3 cells to assess degranulation, transcriptional upregulation of interleukin‐4 (IL‐4), tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1), and mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation via FcεRI. In addition, we examined the effects of ORMDL3 overexpression on thapsigargin (TG)‐mediated proinflammatory cytokine transcription and UPR by monitoring MAPK, protein kinase‐like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), and inositol‐requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) phosphorylation. Results Overexpression of ORMDL3 enhanced IL‐4, TNF‐α, and MCP‐1 expression after FcεRI cross‐linking, whereas the sphingosine‐1‐phosphate (S1P) agonist FTY720 suppressed this enhancement. There was no significant difference in degranulation and MAPK phosphorylation via FcεRI‐mediated activation between vector‐transfected and ORMDL3‐overexpressing cells. ORMDL3 overexpression accelerated TG‐mediated PERK phosphorylation, while MAPK phosphorylation and proinflammatory cytokine expression showed no significant changes in ORMDL3‐overexpressing cells. Conclusions Our findings suggest that ORMDL3 plays an important role in regulating proinflammatory cytokine expression via the S1P pathway and selectively affects the UPR pathway in mast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Ogi
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Sensory and Locomotor Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Takabayashi
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Sensory and Locomotor Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Kaori Tomita
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Sensory and Locomotor Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Masafumi Sakashita
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Sensory and Locomotor Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Taiyo Morikawa
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Sensory and Locomotor Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ninomiya
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Sensory and Locomotor Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Masayuki Okamoto
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Sensory and Locomotor Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Norihiko Narita
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Sensory and Locomotor Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Shigeharu Fujieda
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Sensory and Locomotor Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
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Nakada EM, Sun R, Fujii U, Martin JG. The Impact of Endoplasmic Reticulum-Associated Protein Modifications, Folding and Degradation on Lung Structure and Function. Front Physiol 2021; 12:665622. [PMID: 34122136 PMCID: PMC8188853 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.665622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of unfolded/misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) causes ER stress and induces the unfolded protein response (UPR) and other mechanisms to restore ER homeostasis, including translational shutdown, increased targeting of mRNAs for degradation by the IRE1-dependent decay pathway, selective translation of proteins that contribute to the protein folding capacity of the ER, and activation of the ER-associated degradation machinery. When ER stress is excessive or prolonged and these mechanisms fail to restore proteostasis, the UPR triggers the cell to undergo apoptosis. This review also examines the overlooked role of post-translational modifications and their roles in protein processing and effects on ER stress and the UPR. Finally, these effects are examined in the context of lung structure, function, and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily M. Nakada
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Rui Sun
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Utako Fujii
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - James G. Martin
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Karunas AS, Fedorova YY, Gimalova GF, Etkina EI, Khusnutdinova EK. Association of Gasdermin B Gene GSDMB Polymorphisms with Risk of Allergic Diseases. Biochem Genet 2021; 59:1527-1543. [PMID: 33963941 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-021-10073-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The GSDMB gene encodes gasdermin B from the family of gasdermin domain-containing proteins involved in various cellular processes related to tumor development and progression, such as differentiation, cell cycle control and apoptosis. Previously, we conducted GWAS on asthma in the Volga-Ural region of Russia and found SNPs associated with asthma with genome-wide significance (rs9303277, rs8067378, rs2290400, rs7216389, rs4795405) and located in the chromosomal region 17q12-q21, which contains IKZF3 (IKAROS family zinc finger 3), ZPBP2 (zona pellucida binding protein-like), GSDMB (gasdermin B), ORMDL3 (orosomucoid 1-like 3) and LRRC3C (leucine-rich repeat-containing 3C) genes. In the present study, we investigated the association of SNPs of the GSDMB gene with the development of various allergic diseases and their combined manifestations in individuals of Russian, Tatar and Bashkir ethnic origin. Our results revealed that polymorphic variants rs7216389, rs2290400 and rs2305480 are associated with the development of allergic diseases as well as with asthma and asthma combined with allergic rhinitis. We did not reveal the association of rs7216389 and rs2290400 with the development of allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis in the groups of patients without asthma symptoms. This may reflect a more important role of these SNPs in the development of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra S Karunas
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia. .,Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia. .,Bashkir State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Ufa, Russia.
| | - Yuliya Yu Fedorova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia. .,Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Galiya F Gimalova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia.,Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Esfir I Etkina
- Bashkir State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Ufa, Russia
| | - Elza K Khusnutdinova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia.,Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia.,Bashkir State University, Ufa, Russia
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Green CD, Weigel C, Oyeniran C, James BN, Davis D, Mahawar U, Newton J, Wattenberg BW, Maceyka M, Spiegel S. CRISPR/Cas9 deletion of ORMDLs reveals complexity in sphingolipid metabolism. J Lipid Res 2021; 62:100082. [PMID: 33939982 PMCID: PMC8167824 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2021.100082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) complex catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the de novo biosynthesis of ceramides, the precursors of sphingolipids. The mammalian ORMDL isoforms (ORMDL1-3) are negative regulators of SPT. However, the roles of individual ORMDL isoforms are unclear. Using siRNA against individual ORMDLs, only single siORMDL3 had modest effects on dihydroceramide and ceramide levels, whereas downregulation of all three ORMDLs induced more pronounced increases. With the CRISPR/Cas9-based genome-editing strategy, we established stable single ORMDL3 KO (ORMDL3-KO) and ORMDL1/2/3 triple-KO (ORMDL-TKO) cell lines to further understand the roles of ORMDL proteins in sphingolipid biosynthesis. While ORMDL3-KO modestly increased dihydroceramide and ceramide levels, ORMDL-TKO cells had dramatic increases in the accumulation of these sphingolipid precursors. SPT activity was increased only in ORMDL-TKO cells. In addition, ORMDL-TKO but not ORMDL3-KO dramatically increased levels of galactosylceramides, glucosylceramides, and lactosylceramides, the elevated N-acyl chain distributions of which broadly correlated with the increases in ceramide species. Surprisingly, although C16:0 is the major sphingomyelin species, it was only increased in ORMDL3-KO, whereas all other N-acyl chain sphingomyelin species were significantly increased in ORMDL-TKO cells. Analysis of sphingoid bases revealed that although sphingosine was only increased 2-fold in ORMDL-TKO cells, levels of dihydrosphingosine, dihydrosphingosine-1-phosphate, and sphingosine-1-phosphate were hugely increased in ORMDL-TKO cells and not in ORMDL3-KO cells. Thus, ORMDL proteins may have a complex, multifaceted role in the biosynthesis and regulation of cellular sphingolipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Green
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, VCU School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Cynthia Weigel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, VCU School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Clement Oyeniran
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, VCU School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Briana N James
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, VCU School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Deanna Davis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, VCU School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Usha Mahawar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, VCU School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Jason Newton
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, VCU School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Binks W Wattenberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, VCU School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Michael Maceyka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, VCU School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Sarah Spiegel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, VCU School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA.
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Pham AK, Miller M, Rosenthal P, Das S, Weng N, Jang S, Kurten RC, Badrani J, Doherty TA, Oliver B, Broide DH. ORMDL3 expression in ASM regulates hypertrophy, hyperplasia via TPM1 and TPM4, and contractility. JCI Insight 2021; 6:136911. [PMID: 33661765 PMCID: PMC8119187 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.136911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ORM1-like 3 (ORMDL3) has strong genetic linkage to childhood onset asthma. To determine whether ORMDL3 selective expression in airway smooth muscle (ASM) influences ASM function, we used Cre-loxP techniques to generate transgenic mice (hORMDL3Myh11eGFP-cre), which express human ORMDL3 selectively in smooth muscle cells. In vitro studies of ASM cells isolated from the bronchi of hORMDL3Myh11eGFP-cre mice demonstrated that they developed hypertrophy (quantitated by FACS and image analysis), developed hyperplasia (assessed by BrdU incorporation), and expressed increased levels of tropomysin proteins TPM1 and TPM4. siRNA knockdown of TPM1 or TPM4 demonstrated their importance to ORMDL3-mediated ASM proliferation but not hypertrophy. In addition, ASM derived from hORMDL3Myh11eGFP-cre mice had increased contractility to histamine in vitro, which was associated with increased levels of intracellular Ca2+; increased cell surface membrane Orai1 Ca2+ channels, which mediate influx of Ca2+ into the cytoplasm; and increased expression of ASM contractile genes sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase 2b and smooth muscle 22. In vivo studies of hORMDL3Myh11eGFP-cre mice demonstrated that they had a spontaneous increase in ASM and airway hyperreactivity (AHR). ORMDL3 expression in ASM thus induces changes in ASM (hypertrophy, hyperplasia, increased contractility), which may explain the contribution of ORMDL3 to the development of AHR in childhood onset asthma, which is highly linked to ORMDL3 on chromosome 17q12-21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexa K. Pham
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Marina Miller
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Peter Rosenthal
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Sudipta Das
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Ning Weng
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Sunghoon Jang
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Richard C. Kurten
- Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children’s Research Institute, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Jana Badrani
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Taylor A. Doherty
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Health Care System, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Brian Oliver
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - David H. Broide
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Zhang Y, Hua L, Liu QH, Chu SY, Gan YX, Wu M, Bao YX, Chen Q, Zhang J. Household mold exposure interacts with inflammation-related genetic variants on childhood asthma: a case-control study. BMC Pulm Med 2021; 21:114. [PMID: 33810791 PMCID: PMC8019181 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-021-01484-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A number of studies have examined the association between mold exposure and childhood asthma. However, the conclusions were inconsistent, which might be partly attributable to the lack of consideration of gene function, especially the key genes affecting the pathogenesis of childhood asthma. Research on the interactions between genes and mold exposure on childhood asthma is still very limited. We therefore examined whether there is an interaction between inflammation-related genes and mold exposure on childhood asthma. METHODS A case-control study with 645 asthmatic children and 910 non-asthmatic children aged 3-12 years old was conducted. Eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in inflammation-related genes were genotyped using MassARRAY assay. Mold exposure was defined as self-reported visible mold on the walls. Associations between visible mold exposure, SNPs and childhood asthma were evaluated using logistic regression models. In addition, crossover analyses were used to estimate the gene-environment interactions on childhood asthma on an additive scale. RESULTS After excluding children without information on visible mold exposure or SNPs, 608 asthmatic and 839 non-asthmatic children were included in the analyses. Visible mold exposure was reported in 151 asthmatic (24.8%) and 119 non-asthmatic children (14.2%) (aOR 2.19, 95% CI 1.62-2.97). The rs7216389 SNP in gasdermin B gene (GSDMB) increased the risk of childhood asthma with each C to T substitution in a dose-dependent pattern (additive model, aOR 1.32, 95% CI 1.11-1.57). Children carrying the rs7216389 T allele and exposed to visible mold dramatically increased the risk of childhood asthma (aOR 3.21; 95% CI 1.77-5.99). The attributable proportion due to the interaction (AP: 0.47, 95% CI 0.03-0.90) and the relative excess risk due to the interaction (RERI: 1.49, 95% CI 0-2.99) were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS In the present study, there was a significant additive interaction between visible mold exposure and rs7216389 SNP on childhood asthma. Future studies need to consider the gene-environment interactions when exploring the risk factors of childhood asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Li Hua
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Quan-Hua Liu
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Shu-Yuan Chu
- Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Yue-Xin Gan
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yi-Xiao Bao
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. .,Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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The intersect of genetics, environment, and microbiota in asthma-perspectives and challenges. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 147:781-793. [PMID: 33678251 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In asthma, a significant portion of the interaction between genetics and environment occurs through microbiota. The proposed mechanisms behind this interaction are complex and at times contradictory. This review covers recent developments in our understanding of this interaction: the "microbial hypothesis" and the "farm effect"; the role of endotoxin and genetic variation in pattern recognition systems; the interaction with allergen exposure; the additional involvement of host gut and airway microbiota; the role of viral respiratory infections in interaction with the 17q21 and CDHR3 genetic loci; and the importance of in utero and early-life timing of exposures. We propose a unified framework for understanding how all these phenomena interact to drive asthma pathogenesis. Finally, we point out some future challenges for continued research in this field, in particular the need for multiomic integration, as well as the potential utility of asthma endotyping.
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Li J, Ullah MA, Jin H, Liang Y, Lin L, Wang J, Peng X, Liao H, Li Y, Ge Y, Li L. ORMDL3 Functions as a Negative Regulator of Antigen-Mediated Mast Cell Activation via an ATF6-UPR-Autophagy-Dependent Pathway. Front Immunol 2021; 12:604974. [PMID: 33679742 PMCID: PMC7933793 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.604974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Antigen (Ag)-mediated mast cell activation plays a critical role in the immunopathology of IgE-dependent allergic diseases. Restraining the signaling cascade that regulates the release of mast cell-derived inflammatory mediators is an attractive therapeutic strategy to treat allergic diseases. Orosomucoid-like-3 (ORMDL3) regulates the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-induced unfolded protein response (UPR) and autophagy. Although ERS/UPR/autophagy pathway is crucial in Ag-induced mast cell activation, it is unknown whether ORMDL3 regulates the ERS/UPR/autophagy pathway during mast cell activation. In this study, we found that ORMDL3 expression was downregulated in Ag-activated MC/9 cells. Overexpression of ORMDL3 significantly inhibited degranulation, and cytokine/chemokine production, while the opposite effect was observed with ORMDL3 knockdown in MC/9 cells. Importantly, ORMDL3 overexpression upregulated mediators of ERS-UPR (SERCA2b, ATF6) and autophagy (Beclin 1 and LC3BII). Knockdown of ATF6 and/or inhibition of autophagy reversed the decreased degranulation and cytokine/chemokine expression caused by ORMDL3 overexpression. Moreover, in vivo knockdown of ORMDL3 and/or ATF6 enhanced passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) reactions in mouse ears. These data indicate that ORMDL3 suppresses Ag-mediated mast cell activation via an ATF6 UPR-autophagy dependent pathway and thus, attenuates anaphylactic reaction. This highlights a potential mechanism to intervene in mast cell mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Md Ashik Ullah
- Respiratory Immunology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Hongping Jin
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Yuting Liang
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lihui Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Peng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huanjin Liao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanning Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiqin Ge
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Gui H, Levin AM, Hu D, Sleiman P, Xiao S, Mak ACY, Yang M, Barczak AJ, Huntsman S, Eng C, Hochstadt S, Zhang E, Whitehouse K, Simons S, Cabral W, Takriti S, Abecasis G, Blackwell TW, Kang HM, Nickerson DA, Germer S, Lanfear DE, Gilliland F, Gauderman WJ, Kumar R, Erle DJ, Martinez FD, Hakonarson H, Burchard EG, Williams LK. Mapping the 17q12-21.1 Locus for Variants Associated with Early-Onset Asthma in African Americans. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2021; 203:424-436. [PMID: 32966749 PMCID: PMC7885840 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202006-2623oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: The 17q12-21.1 locus is one of the most highly replicated genetic associations with asthma. Individuals of African descent have lower linkage disequilibrium in this region, which could facilitate identifying causal variants.Objectives: To identify functional variants at 17q12-21.1 associated with early-onset asthma among African American individuals.Methods: We evaluated African American participants from SAPPHIRE (Study of Asthma Phenotypes and Pharmacogenomic Interactions by Race-Ethnicity) (n = 1,940), SAGE II (Study of African Americans, Asthma, Genes and Environment) (n = 885), and GCPD-A (Study of the Genetic Causes of Complex Pediatric Disorders-Asthma) (n = 2,805). Associations with asthma onset at ages under 5 years were meta-analyzed across cohorts. The lead signal was reevaluated considering haplotypes informed by genetic ancestry (i.e., African vs. European). Both an expression-quantitative trait locus analysis and a phenome-wide association study were performed on the lead variant.Measurements and Main Results: The meta-analyzed results from SAPPHIRE, SAGE II, and the GCPD-A identified rs11078928 as the top association for early-onset asthma. A haplotype analysis suggested that the asthma association partitioned most closely with the rs11078928 genotype. Genetic ancestry did not appear to influence the effect of this variant. In the expression-quantitative trait locus analysis, rs11078928 was related to alternative splicing of GSDMB (gasdermin-B) transcripts. The phenome-wide association study of rs11078928 suggested that this variant was predominantly associated with asthma and asthma-associated symptoms.Conclusions: A splice-acceptor polymorphism appears to be a causal variant for asthma at the 17q12-21.1 locus. This variant appears to have the same magnitude of effect in individuals of African and European descent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongsheng Gui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Individualized and Genomic Medicine Research and
| | - Albert M. Levin
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | | | - Patrick Sleiman
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Shujie Xiao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Individualized and Genomic Medicine Research and
| | | | - Mao Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Individualized and Genomic Medicine Research and
| | | | | | | | - Samantha Hochstadt
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Individualized and Genomic Medicine Research and
| | - Ellen Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Individualized and Genomic Medicine Research and
| | - Kyle Whitehouse
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Individualized and Genomic Medicine Research and
| | - Samantha Simons
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Individualized and Genomic Medicine Research and
| | - Whitney Cabral
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Individualized and Genomic Medicine Research and
| | - Sami Takriti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Individualized and Genomic Medicine Research and
| | - Gonçalo Abecasis
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Thomas W. Blackwell
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Hyun Min Kang
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Deborah A. Nickerson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Northwest Genomics Center, Seattle, Washington
- Brotman Baty Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - David E. Lanfear
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Individualized and Genomic Medicine Research and
| | - Frank Gilliland
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - W. James Gauderman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; and
| | - David J. Erle
- Department of Medicine
- Lung Biology Center
- CoLabs, and
| | - Fernando D. Martinez
- Arizona Respiratory Center and
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Esteban G. Burchard
- Department of Medicine
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - L. Keoki Williams
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Individualized and Genomic Medicine Research and
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Epithelial dysfunction in chronic respiratory diseases, a shared endotype? Curr Opin Pulm Med 2021; 26:20-26. [PMID: 31688241 DOI: 10.1097/mcp.0000000000000638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Epithelial barrier defects are being appreciated in various inflammatory disorders; however, causal underlying mechanisms are lacking. In this review, we describe the disruption of the airway epithelium with regard to upper and lower airway diseases, the role of epigenetic alterations underlying this process, and potential novel ways of interfering with dysfunctional epithelial barriers as a novel therapeutic approach. RECENT FINDINGS A defective epithelial barrier, impaired innate defence mechanisms or hampered epithelial cell renewal are found in upper and lower airway diseases. Barrier dysfunction might facilitate the entrance of foreign substances, initiating and facilitating the onset of disease. Latest data provided novel insights for possible involvement of epigenetic alterations induced by inflammation or other unknown mechanisms as a potential mechanism responsible for epithelial defects. Additionally, these mechanisms might precede disease development, and represent a novel therapeutic approach for restoring epithelial defects. SUMMARY A better understanding of the role of epigenetics in driving and maintaining epithelial defects in various inflammatory diseases, using state-of-the-art biology tools will be crucial in designing novel therapies to protect or reconstitute a defective airway epithelial barrier.
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ORMDL3/GSDMB genotype as a risk factor for early-onset adult asthma is linked to total serum IgE levels but not to allergic sensitization. Allergol Int 2021; 70:55-60. [PMID: 32444308 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2020.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An orosomucoid-like 3 (ORMDL3)/gasdermin B (GSDMB) gene locus on chromosome 17q is consistently associated with childhood-onset asthma, which is highly atopic. As some evidence suggests the relationship between asthma and allergic sensitization reflects asthma patient susceptibility to augmented IgE responses driven by common environmental allergens rather than an increased asthma risk after allergen exposure, we aimed to determine any relationships between this locus region and childhood-onset adult asthma with regard to serum total IgE levels or allergic sensitization. METHODS We conducted a case-control association study using three independent Japanese populations (3869 total adults) and analyzed the ORs for association of rs7216389, an expression quantitative trait locus for ORMDL3/GSDMB, with adult asthma according to onset age. Additionally, associations between the rs7216389 genotype and total serum IgE levels or allergic sensitization was examined. RESULTS Rs7216389 was associated with both childhood-onset adult asthma (OR for asthmatic patients afflicted at the age of 10 years or younger = 1.61, p = 0.00021) and asthmatic patients with higher levels of total serum IgE (OR for asthmatic patients with IgE ≥1000IU/mL = 1.55, p = 0.0033). In both healthy controls and in the combined healthy and asthmatic individuals, rs7216389 was correlated with increased total serum IgE levels (p < 0.0005), but not allergic sensitization (p > 0.1). CONCLUSIONS ORMDL3/GSDMB is an important susceptibility gene for childhood-onset adult asthma in Japanese populations and this association is linked to elevated total serum IgE levels but not to allergic sensitization.
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Asha K, Khanna M, Kumar B. Current Insights into the Host Immune Response to Respiratory Viral Infections. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1313:59-83. [PMID: 34661891 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-67452-6_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory viral infections often lead to severe illnesses varying from mild or asymptomatic upper respiratory tract infections to severe bronchiolitis and pneumonia or/and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Common viral infections, including but not limited to influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus and coronavirus, are often the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Since the lungs are continuously exposed to foreign particles, including respiratory pathogens, it is also well equipped for recognition and antiviral defense utilizing the complex network of innate and adaptive immune cells. Immediately upon infection, a range of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines and an interferon response is generated, thereby making the immune response a two edged sword, on one hand it is required to eliminate viral pathogens while on other hand it's prolonged response can lead to chronic infection and significant pulmonary damage. Since vaccines to all respiratory viruses are not available, a better understanding of the virus-host interactions, leading to the development of immune response, is critically needed to design effective therapies to limit the severity of inflammatory damage, enhance viral clearance and to compliment the current strategies targeting the virus. In this chapter, we discuss the host responses to common respiratory viral infections, the key players of adaptive and innate immunity and the fine balance that exists between the viral clearance and immune-mediated damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumari Asha
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Madhu Khanna
- Department of Virology, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Binod Kumar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
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Inflammation-Induced Protein Unfolding in Airway Smooth Muscle Triggers a Homeostatic Response in Mitochondria. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010363. [PMID: 33396378 PMCID: PMC7795579 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of airway inflammation on airway smooth muscle (ASM) are mediated by pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα). In this review article, we will provide a unifying hypothesis for a homeostatic response to airway inflammation that mitigates oxidative stress and thereby provides resilience to ASM. Previous studies have shown that acute exposure to TNFα increases ASM force generation in response to muscarinic stimulation (hyper-reactivity) resulting in increased ATP consumption and increased tension cost. To meet this increased energetic demand, mitochondrial O2 consumption and oxidative phosphorylation increases but at the cost of increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production (oxidative stress). TNFα-induced oxidative stress results in the accumulation of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria of ASM. In the ER, TNFα selectively phosphorylates inositol-requiring enzyme 1 alpha (pIRE1α) triggering downstream splicing of the transcription factor X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1s); thus, activating the pIRE1α/XBP1s ER stress pathway. Protein unfolding in mitochondria also triggers an unfolded protein response (mtUPR). In our conceptual framework, we hypothesize that activation of these pathways is homeostatically directed towards mitochondrial remodeling via an increase in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC1α) expression, which in turn triggers: (1) mitochondrial fragmentation (increased dynamin-related protein-1 (Drp1) and reduced mitofusin-2 (Mfn2) expression) and mitophagy (activation of the Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1)/Parkin mitophagy pathway) to improve mitochondrial quality; (2) reduced Mfn2 also results in a disruption of mitochondrial tethering to the ER and reduced mitochondrial Ca2+ influx; and (3) mitochondrial biogenesis and increased mitochondrial volume density. The homeostatic remodeling of mitochondria results in more efficient O2 consumption and oxidative phosphorylation and reduced ROS formation by individual mitochondrion, while still meeting the increased ATP demand. Thus, the energetic load of hyper-reactivity is shared across the mitochondrial pool within ASM cells.
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Lam M, Bourke JE. Solving the Riddle: Targeting the Imbalance of Sphingolipids in Asthma to Oppose Airway Hyperresponsiveness. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 63:555-557. [PMID: 32822217 PMCID: PMC7605168 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2020-0324ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maggie Lam
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jane E Bourke
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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Luthers CR, Dunn TM, Snow AL. ORMDL3 and Asthma: Linking Sphingolipid Regulation to Altered T Cell Function. Front Immunol 2020; 11:597945. [PMID: 33424845 PMCID: PMC7793773 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.597945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Orosomucoid like 3 (ORMDL3) encodes an ER-resident transmembrane protein that regulates the activity of serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT), the first and rate-limiting enzyme for sphingolipid biosynthesis in cells. A decade ago, several genome wide association studies revealed single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with increased ORMDL3 protein expression and susceptibility to allergic asthma. Since that time, numerous studies have investigated how altered ORMDL3 expression might predispose to asthma and other autoimmune/inflammatory diseases. In this brief review, we focus on growing evidence suggesting that heightened ORMDL3 expression specifically in CD4+ T lymphocytes, the central orchestrators of adaptive immunity, constitutes a major underlying mechanism of asthma pathogenesis by skewing their differentiation and function. Furthermore, we explore how sphingolipid modulation in T cells might be responsible for these effects, and how further studies may interrogate this intriguing hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R Luthers
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Teresa M Dunn
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States.,Department of Biochemistry, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Andrew L Snow
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
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The Airway Epithelium-A Central Player in Asthma Pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21238907. [PMID: 33255348 PMCID: PMC7727704 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21238907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease characterized by variable airflow obstruction in response to a wide range of exogenous stimuli. The airway epithelium is the first line of defense and plays an important role in initiating host defense and controlling immune responses. Indeed, increasing evidence indicates a range of abnormalities in various aspects of epithelial barrier function in asthma. A central part of this impairment is a disruption of the airway epithelial layer, allowing inhaled substances to pass more easily into the submucosa where they may interact with immune cells. Furthermore, many of the identified susceptibility genes for asthma are expressed in the airway epithelium. This review focuses on the biology of the airway epithelium in health and its pathobiology in asthma. We will specifically discuss external triggers such as allergens, viruses and alarmins and the effect of type 2 inflammatory responses on airway epithelial function in asthma. We will also discuss epigenetic mechanisms responding to external stimuli on the level of transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression, as well the airway epithelium as a potential treatment target in asthma.
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Mechanisms of non-type 2 asthma. Curr Opin Immunol 2020; 66:123-128. [PMID: 33160187 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Non-type 2 inflammation (Non-T2)-mediated asthma is difficult to define due to lack of signature biomarkers. It exists in the absence of T2-high or eosinophilic inflammation and includes neutrophilic and paucigranulocytic subtypes. Several cell types and cytokines, including Th1, Th17, IL-6, and IL-17, contribute to mechanisms of non-T2 asthma. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and inflammasome activation likely play a role in severe neutrophilic asthma. Several mechanisms lead to uncoupling of airway hyperresponsiveness and remodeling from airway inflammation in paucigranulocytic asthma. Recent research on transcriptomics and proteomics in non-T2 asthma is discussed in this review. Investigations of specific drug therapies for non-T2 asthma have been disappointing, and remain an important area for future clinical studies.
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Liu Y, Bochkov YA, Eickhoff JC, Hu T, Zumwalde NA, Tan JW, Lopez C, Fichtinger PS, Reddy TR, Overmyer KA, Gumperz JE, Coon J, Mathur SK, Gern JE, Smith JA. Orosomucoid-like 3 Supports Rhinovirus Replication in Human Epithelial Cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 62:783-792. [PMID: 32078788 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2019-0237oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymorphism at the 17q21 gene locus and wheezing responses to rhinovirus (RV) early in childhood conspire to increase the risk of developing asthma. However, the mechanisms mediating this gene-environment interaction remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the impact of one of the 17q21-encoded genes, ORMDL3 (orosomucoid-like 3), on RV replication in human epithelial cells. ORMDL3 knockdown inhibited RV-A16 replication in HeLa, BEAS-2B, A549, and NCI-H358 epithelial cell lines and primary nasal and bronchial epithelial cells. Inhibition varied by RV species, as both minor and major group RV-A subtypes RV-B52 and RV-C2 were inhibited but not RV-C15 or RV-C41. ORMDL3 siRNA did not affect expression of the major group RV-A receptor ICAM-1 or initial internalization of RV-A16. The two major outcomes of ORMDL3 activity, SPT (serine palmitoyl-CoA transferase) inhibition and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress induction, were further examined: silencing ORMDL3 decreased RV-induced ER stress and IFN-β mRNA expression. However, pharmacologic induction of ER stress and concomitant increased IFN-β inhibited RV-A16 replication. Conversely, blockade of ER stress with tauroursodeoxycholic acid augmented replication, pointing to an alternative mechanism for the effect of ORMDL3 knockdown on RV replication. In comparison, the SPT inhibitor myriocin increased RV-A16 but not RV-C15 replication and negated the inhibitory effect of ORMDL3 knockdown. Furthermore, lipidomics analysis revealed opposing regulation of specific sphingolipid species (downstream of SPT) by myriocin and ORMDL3 siRNA, correlating with the effect of these treatments on RV replication. Together, these data revealed a requirement for ORMDL3 in supporting RV replication in epithelial cells via SPT inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Paul S Fichtinger
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | | | - Katherine A Overmyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin; and.,Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin
| | | | - Joshua Coon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin; and.,Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Sameer K Mathur
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | | | - Judith A Smith
- Department of Pediatrics.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, and
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Ban GY, Youn DY, Ye YM, Park HS. Increased expression of serine palmitoyl transferase and ORMDL3 polymorphism are associated with eosinophilic inflammation and airflow limitation in aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240334. [PMID: 33031402 PMCID: PMC7544079 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) are known to have poor clinical outcomes. The pathogenic mechanisms have not yet been completely understood. OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess the involvement of the de-novo synthetic pathway of sphingolipid metabolism in patients with AERD compared to those with aspirin tolerant asthma (ATA). METHODS A total of 63 patients with AERD and 79 patients with ATA were enrolled in this study. Analysis of mRNA expression of serine palmitoyl transferase, long-chain base subunit 2 (SPTLC2) and genotyping of ORMDL3 SNP (rs7216389) was performed. RESULTS Significantly higher levels of SPTLC2 mRNA expression were noted in patients with AERD, which showed significant positive correlations with peripheral/sputum eosinophil counts and urine LTE4 (all P<0.05). The levels of SPTLC2 mRNA expression showed significant negative correlations with the level of FEV1 and FEV1/FVC (P = 0.033, r = -0.274; P = 0.019, r = -0.299, respectively). Genotype frequencies of ORMDL3 SNP (rs7216389) showed no significant differences between the AERD and ATA groups. Patients with AERD carrying the TT genotype of ORMDL3 had significantly lower levels of FVC (%) and PC20 methacholine than those carrying the CT or CC genotype (P = 0.026 and P = 0.030). CONCLUSION & CLINICAL RELEVANCE This is the first study that shows the dysregulated de novo synthetic pathway of sphingolipids may be involved in the eosinophilic inflammation and airflow limitation in AERD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ga-Young Ban
- Department of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Ye Youn
- Department of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Min Ye
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hae-Sim Park
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
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Li Y, Li X, Zhou W, Yu Q, Lu Y. ORMDL3 modulates airway epithelial cell repair in children with asthma under glucocorticoid treatment via regulating IL-33. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2020; 64:101963. [PMID: 33035699 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2020.101963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Study found that glucocorticoids, as first-line treatments for asthma, fails to prevent asthma recurrence. Orosomucoid-like (ORMDL) 3 is associated to childhood asthma onset and involved in the inflammation and repair of airway epithelium. We explored the functional role of ORMDL3 in glucocorticoid treatment for childhood asthma. METHODS Mice were sensitized with Ovalbumin (OVA) and treated with Dexamethasone (Dex), followed by OVA challenge to establish a mouse model of asthma. Histopathological changes in lung tissues were observed by hematoxylin-eosin and masson staining. Human bronchial epithelial (16HBE-14°) cells were transfected with ORMDL3 overexpression plasmid and siRNA-interleukin (IL)-33 alone or in combination, followed by Dex. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay. Cell migration was evaluated by wound healing assay. The expressions of E-cadherin and Vimentin and the activation of NF-κB and MAPK/ERK in 16HBE-14° cells were assessed by Western blot. The expressions of ORMDL3 and IL-33 in lung tissues and 16HBE-14° cells were analyzed by qRT-PCR or Western blot. RESULTS Dex treatment alleviated the histopathological abnormality and reversed the overexpressions of ORMDL3 and IL-33 in the lung tissues of asthmatic mice. Overexpressed ORMDL3 enhanced migration and viability, decreased E-cadherin level, increased the levels of IL-33 and Vimentin, and promoted the phosphorylation of NF-κB and MAPK/ERK in Dex-treated 16HBE-14° cells, thus reversing the effect of Dex treatment. However, siRNA-IL-33 inhibited viability and migration, increased E-cadherin level, decreased Vimentin level, and suppressed the phosphorylation of NF-κB and MAPK/ERK, thus reversing the effect of overexpressed ORMDL3 in Dex-treated 16HBE-14° cells. CONCLUSION ORMDL3 overexpression helped airway epithelial cellrepairin asthma via regulating IL-33 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Li
- Department of Pediatrics, South Campus, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.2000, Jiangyue Road, Pujiang, Minhang District, Shanghai, 201112, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Pediatrics, South Campus, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.2000, Jiangyue Road, Pujiang, Minhang District, Shanghai, 201112, China
| | - Wenjing Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, South Campus, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.2000, Jiangyue Road, Pujiang, Minhang District, Shanghai, 201112, China
| | - Qing Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, South Campus, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.2000, Jiangyue Road, Pujiang, Minhang District, Shanghai, 201112, China
| | - Yanming Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, South Campus, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.2000, Jiangyue Road, Pujiang, Minhang District, Shanghai, 201112, China.
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