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Li C, Liu Q, Han L, Zhang H, Immler R, Rathkolb B, Secklehner J, de Angelis MH, Yildirim AÖ, Zeuschner D, Nicke A, Carlin LM, Sperandio M, Stoeger T, Rehberg M. The eATP/P2×7R Axis Drives Quantum Dot-Nanoparticle Induced Neutrophil Recruitment in the Pulmonary Microcirculation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2404661. [PMID: 39364760 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202404661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to nanoparticles (NPs) is frequently associated with adverse cardiovascular effects. In contrast, NPs in nanomedicine hold great promise for precise lung-specific drug delivery, especially considering the extensive pulmonary capillary network that facilitates interactions with bloodstream-suspended particles. Therefore, exact knowledge about effects of engineered NPs within the pulmonary microcirculation are instrumental for future application of this technology in patients. To unravel the real-time dynamics of intravenously delivered NPs and their effects in the pulmonary microvasculature, we employed intravital microscopy of the mouse lung. Only PEG-amine-QDs, but not carboxyl-QDs triggered rapid neutrophil recruitment in microvessels and their subsequent recruitment to the alveolar space and was linked to cellular degranulation, TNF-α, and DAMP release into the circulation, particularly eATP. Stimulation of the ATP-gated receptor P2X7R induced expression of E-selectin on microvascular endothelium thereby mediating the neutrophilic immune response. Leukocyte integrins LFA-1 and MAC-1 facilitated adhesion and decelerated neutrophil crawling on the vascular surface. In summary, this study unravels the complex cascade of neutrophil recruitment during NP-induced sterile inflammation. Thereby we demonstrate novel adverse effects for NPs in the pulmonary microcirculation and provide critical insights for optimizing NP-based drug delivery and therapeutic intervention strategies, to ensure their efficacy and safety in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Li
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity (LHI), Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 85764, Munich, Germany
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Qiongliang Liu
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity (LHI), Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 85764, Munich, Germany
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Lianyong Han
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity (LHI), Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 85764, Munich, Germany
| | - Haiyun Zhang
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity (LHI), Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 85764, Munich, Germany
| | - Roland Immler
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Biomedical Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Birgit Rathkolb
- Institute of Experimental Genetics and German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Judith Secklehner
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Martin Hrabe de Angelis
- Institute of Experimental Genetics and German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Experimental Genetics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Ali Önder Yildirim
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity (LHI), Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 85764, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Pneumology, LMU, 80539, Munich, Germany
| | - Dagmar Zeuschner
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - Annette Nicke
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Leo M Carlin
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Markus Sperandio
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Biomedical Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Tobias Stoeger
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity (LHI), Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 85764, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Rehberg
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity (LHI), Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 85764, Munich, Germany
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Akbar H, Jarosinski KW. Temporal Dynamics of Purinergic Receptor Expression in the Lungs of Marek's Disease (MD) Virus-Infected Chickens Resistant or Susceptible to MD. Viruses 2024; 16:1130. [PMID: 39066292 PMCID: PMC11281646 DOI: 10.3390/v16071130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Marek's disease virus (MDV) is an economic concern for the poultry industry due to its poorly understood pathophysiology. Purinergic receptors (PRs) are potential therapeutic targets for viral infections, including herpesviruses, prompting our investigation into their role in MDV pathogenesis. The current study is part of an experimental series analyzing the expression of PRs during MDV infection. To address the early or short-acting P2 PR responses during natural MDV infection, we performed an "exposure" experiment where age-matched chickens were exposed to experimentally infected shedders to initiate natural infection. In addition, select non-PR regulatory gene responses were measured. Two groups of naïve contact chickens (n = 5/breed/time point) from MD-resistant (White Leghorns: WL) and -susceptible (Pure Columbian) chicken lines were housed separately with experimentally infected PC (×PC) and WL (×WL) chickens for 6 or 24 h. Whole lung lavage cells (WLLC) were collected, RNA was extracted, and RT-qPCR assays were used to measure specific PR responses. In addition, other potentially important markers in pathophysiology were measured. Our study revealed that WL chickens exhibited higher P1 PR expression during natural infection. WL chickens also showed higher expression of P1A3 and P2X3 at 6 and 24 h when exposed to PC-infected chickens. P2X5 and P2Y1 showed higher expression at 6 h, while P2Y5 showed higher expression at 6 and 24 h; regardless of the chicken line, PC chickens exhibited higher expression of P2X2, P2Y8, P2Y10, P2Y13, and P2Y14 when exposed to either group of infected chickens. In addition, MDV infection altered the expression of DDX5 in both WL and PC groups exposed to PC-infected birds only. However, irrespective of the source of exposure, BCL2 and ANGPTL4 showed higher expression in both WL and PC. The expression of STAT1A and STAT5A was influenced by time and breed, with major changes observed in STAT5A. CAT and SOD1 expression significantly increased in both WL and PC birds, regardless of the source of infection. GPX1 and GPX2 expression also increased in both WL and PC, although overall lower expression was observed in PC chickens at 24 h compared to 6 h. Our data suggest systemic changes in the host during early infection, indicated by the altered expression of PRs, DDX5, BCL2, ANGPTL4, and other regulatory genes during early MDV infection. The relative expression of these responses in PC and WL chickens suggests they may play a key role in their response to natural MDV infection in the lungs and long-term pathogenesis and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Keith W. Jarosinski
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61802, USA;
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3
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Ozkanlar S, Ulas N, Kaynar O, Satici E. P2X7 receptor antagonist A-438079 alleviates oxidative stress of lung in LPS-induced septic rats. Purinergic Signal 2023; 19:699-707. [PMID: 36959434 PMCID: PMC10754811 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-023-09936-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a deadly systemic inflammatory response of the body against infection resulting in immune response, cell differentiation and organ damage. Endotoxemia is one of the causes of sepsis-related acute respiratory distress and respiratory burst is an important generator of oxidants. Inflammation may be aggravated by overexpression of ATP-gated purinergic receptors (i.e., P2X7R) following cell damage. We aimed to evaluate the effects of P2X7R antagonist A-438079 on lung oxidative status and the receptor expression in endotoxemia of sepsis. Rats were subjected to sepsis by E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and treated with 15 mg/kg A-438079. The increase in circulatory IL-1β and IL-8 concentrations in LPS group confirmed the systemic inflammatory response to endotoxemia compared with Control groups (p < 0.001). Besides, there was an increase in P2X7R expression in lung tissue after LPS administration. Compared with Control groups, there were significant increases in the values of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) (p < 0.001), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) (p < 0.05) in lung tissue of LPS group. P2X7R expression in lung and IL-1β level in blood did not increase in LPS + A-438079 group. A-438079 decreased the lung levels of MDA, GSH, CAT and SOD (p < 0.001), and MPO (p < 0.01) in septic rats. As a result, administration of pathogen-associated LPS led to increased P2X7R expression into lung tissue and elevated lipid peroxidation product MDA with regard to oxidative damage. The P2X7R antagonist A-438079 alleviated the oxidative stress of lung with a balance of tissue oxidant/antioxidant factors in experimental sepsis in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seckin Ozkanlar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Nergis Ulas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Kaynar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kastamonu University, 37150, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Emine Satici
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
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Zhu Q, Barnes CE, Mannes PZ, Latoche JD, Day KE, Nedrow JR, Novelli EM, Anderson CJ, Tavakoli S. Targeted imaging of very late antigen-4 for noninvasive assessment of lung inflammation-fibrosis axis. EJNMMI Res 2023; 13:55. [PMID: 37273103 PMCID: PMC10240482 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-023-01006-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lack of noninvasive methods for assessment of dysregulated inflammation as a major driver of fibrosis (i.e., inflammation-fibrosis axis) has been a major challenge to precision management of fibrotic lung diseases. Here, we determined the potential of very late antigen-4 (VLA-4)-targeted positron emission tomography (PET) to detect inflammation in a mouse model of bleomycin-induced fibrotic lung injury. METHOD Single time-point and longitudinal VLA-4-targeted PET was performed using a high-affinity peptidomimetic radiotracer, 64Cu-LLP2A, at weeks 1, 2, and 4 after bleomycin-induced (2.5 units/kg) lung injury in C57BL/6J mice. The severity of fibrosis was determined by measuring the hydroxyproline content of the lungs and expression of markers of extracellular matrix remodeling. Flow cytometry and histology was performed to determine VLA-4 expression across different leukocyte subsets and their spatial distribution. RESULTS Lung uptake of 64Cu-LLP2A was significantly elevated throughout different stages of the progression of bleomycin-induced injury. High lung uptake of 64Cu-LLP2A at week-1 post-bleomycin was a predictor of poor survival over the 4-week follow up, supporting the prognostic potential of 64Cu-LLP2A PET during the early stage of the disease. Additionally, the progressive increase in 64Cu-LLP2A uptake from week-1 to week-4 post-bleomycin correlated with the ultimate extent of lung fibrosis and ECM remodeling. Flow cytometry revealed that LLP2A binding was restricted to leukocytes. A combination of increased expression of VLA-4 by alveolar macrophages and accumulation of VLA-4-expressing interstitial and monocyte-derived macrophages as well as dendritic cells was noted in bleomycin-injured, compared to control, lungs. Histology confirmed the increased expression of VLA-4 in bleomycin-injured lungs, particularly in inflamed and fibrotic regions. CONCLUSIONS VLA-4-targeted PET allows for assessment of the inflammation-fibrosis axis and prediction of disease progression in a murine model. The potential of 64Cu-LLP2A PET for assessment of the inflammation-fibrosis axis in human fibrotic lung diseases needs to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhu
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, UPMC Presbyterian Hospital, 200 Lothrop Street, Suite E200, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Clayton E Barnes
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, UPMC Presbyterian Hospital, 200 Lothrop Street, Suite E200, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Philip Z Mannes
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, UPMC Presbyterian Hospital, 200 Lothrop Street, Suite E200, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Joseph D Latoche
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kathryn E Day
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jessie R Nedrow
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, UPMC Presbyterian Hospital, 200 Lothrop Street, Suite E200, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Enrico M Novelli
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Carolyn J Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Sina Tavakoli
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, UPMC Presbyterian Hospital, 200 Lothrop Street, Suite E200, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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5
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Loretelli C, Pastore I, Lunati ME, Abdelsalam A, Usuelli V, Assi E, Fiorina E, Loreggian L, Balasubramanian HB, Xie Y, Yang J, El Essawy B, Montefusco L, D'Addio F, Ben Nasr M, Fiorina P. eATP and autoimmune diabetes. Pharmacol Res 2023; 190:106709. [PMID: 36842542 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purine nucleotide adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is released into extracellular spaces as extracellular ATP (eATP) as a consequence of cell injury or death and activates the purinergic receptors. Once released, eATP may facilitate T-lymphocyte activation and differentiation. The purpose of this review is to elucidate the role of ATP-mediated signaling in the immunological events related to type 1 diabetes (T1D). RECENT FINDINGS T lymphocytes mediate immune response during the onset of T1D and promote pancreatic islet or whole pancreas rejection in transplantation. Recent data suggest a potential role for eATP in early steps of T1D onset and of allograft rejection. In different preclinical experimental models and clinical trials, several drugs targeting purinergic signaling have been employed to abrogate lymphocyte activation and differentiation, thus representing an achievable treatment to prevent/revert T1D or to induce long-term islet allograft function. SUMMARY In preclinical and clinical settings, eATP-signaling inhibition induces immune tolerance in autoimmune disease and in allotransplantation. In this view, the purinergic system may represent a novel therapeutic target for auto- and allo-immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Loretelli
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Ida Pastore
- Division of Endocrinology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Ahmed Abdelsalam
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Vera Usuelli
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Emma Assi
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Emma Fiorina
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Lara Loreggian
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Hari Baskar Balasubramanian
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Yanan Xie
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China; Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China; Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Basset El Essawy
- Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; Transplantation Research Center, Nephrology Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laura Montefusco
- Division of Endocrinology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca D'Addio
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy; Division of Endocrinology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Moufida Ben Nasr
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy; Nephrology Division, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paolo Fiorina
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy; Division of Endocrinology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy; Nephrology Division, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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6
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Akbar H, Fasick JJ, Ponnuraj N, Jarosinski KW. Purinergic signaling during Marek's disease in chickens. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2044. [PMID: 36739336 PMCID: PMC9899245 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29210-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purinergic receptors (PRs) have been reported as potential therapeutic targets for many viral infections including herpesviruses, which urges the investigation into their role in Marek's disease (MD), a herpesvirus induced cancer in chickens that is an important pathogen for the poultry industry. MD is caused by MD virus (MDV) that has a similar viral life cycle as human varicella zoster virus in that it is shed from infected epithelial skin cells and enters the host through the respiratory route. In this report, PR responses during natural MDV infection and disease progression was examined in MD-resistant white Leghorns (WL) and MD-susceptible Pure Columbian (PC) chickens during natural infection. Whole lung lavage cells (WLLC) and liver tissue samples were collected from chickens infected but showing no clinical signs of MD (Infected) or presenting with clinical disease (Diseased). RNA was extracted followed by RT-qPCR analysis with gene specific primers against members of the P1, P2X, and P2Y PR families. Differential expression (p < 0.05) was observed in breed and disease conditions. Some PRs showed tissue specific expression (P1A1, P2X1, and P2X6 in WLLC) whereas others responded to MDV infection only in MD-susceptible (PC) chickens (P1A2A, P2X1, P2X5, P2X7). P2Y PRs had differential expression in both chicken lines in response to MDV infection and MD progression. This study is the first to our knowledge to examine PR responses during MDV infection and disease progression. These results suggest PR signaling may an important area of research for MDV replication and MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haji Akbar
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Julia J Fasick
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Nagendraprabhu Ponnuraj
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Keith W Jarosinski
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
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Yao Y, Liu H, Yuan L, Du X, Yang Y, Zhou K, Wu X, Qin L, Yang M, Xiang Y, Qu X, Qin X, Liu C. Integrins are double-edged swords in pulmonary infectious diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113300. [PMID: 35728353 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrins are an important family of adhesion molecules that are widely distributed on immune cells in the lungs. Of note, accumulating evidences have shown that integrins are double-edged swords in pulmonary infectious diseases. On one hand, integrins promote the migration of immune cells to remove the invaded pathogens in the infected lungs. However, on the other hand, integrins also act as the targets for pathogens to escape from host immune system, which is a potential factor leading to further tissue damage. Thus, the innovative therapeutic strategies based on integrins has inspired well-founded hopes to treat pulmonary infectious diseases. In this review, we illustrate the involvement of integrins in pulmonary infectious diseases, and further discuss the innovative therapeutic targets based on integrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huijun Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lin Yuan
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xizi Du
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kai Zhou
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xinyu Wu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Disease, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Yang Xiang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiangping Qu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoqun Qin
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chi Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Research Center of China-Africa Infectious Diseases, Xiangya School of Medicine Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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8
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Wu WR, Shi XD, Zhang FP, Zhu K, Zhang R, Yu XH, Qin YF, He SP, Fu HW, Zhang L, Zeng H, Zhu MS, Xu LB, Wong PP, Liu C. Activation of the Notch1-c-myc-VCAM1 signalling axis initiates liver progenitor cell-driven hepatocarcinogenesis and pulmonary metastasis. Oncogene 2022; 41:2340-2356. [DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02246-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Hasan D, Shono A, van Kalken CK, van der Spek PJ, Krenning EP, Kotani T. A novel definition and treatment of hyperinflammation in COVID-19 based on purinergic signalling. Purinergic Signal 2021; 18:13-59. [PMID: 34757513 PMCID: PMC8578920 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-021-09814-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperinflammation plays an important role in severe and critical COVID-19. Using inconsistent criteria, many researchers define hyperinflammation as a form of very severe inflammation with cytokine storm. Therefore, COVID-19 patients are treated with anti-inflammatory drugs. These drugs appear to be less efficacious than expected and are sometimes accompanied by serious adverse effects. SARS-CoV-2 promotes cellular ATP release. Increased levels of extracellular ATP activate the purinergic receptors of the immune cells initiating the physiologic pro-inflammatory immune response. Persisting viral infection drives the ATP release even further leading to the activation of the P2X7 purinergic receptors (P2X7Rs) and a severe yet physiologic inflammation. Disease progression promotes prolonged vigorous activation of the P2X7R causing cell death and uncontrolled ATP release leading to cytokine storm and desensitisation of all other purinergic receptors of the immune cells. This results in immune paralysis with co-infections or secondary infections. We refer to this pathologic condition as hyperinflammation. The readily available and affordable P2X7R antagonist lidocaine can abrogate hyperinflammation and restore the normal immune function. The issue is that the half-maximal effective concentration for P2X7R inhibition of lidocaine is much higher than the maximal tolerable plasma concentration where adverse effects start to develop. To overcome this, we selectively inhibit the P2X7Rs of the immune cells of the lymphatic system inducing clonal expansion of Tregs in local lymph nodes. Subsequently, these Tregs migrate throughout the body exerting anti-inflammatory activities suppressing systemic and (distant) local hyperinflammation. We illustrate this with six critically ill COVID-19 patients treated with lidocaine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Atsuko Shono
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
| | | | - Peter J van der Spek
- Department of Pathology & Clinical Bioinformatics, Erasmus MC, Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam, 3015 CE, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Toru Kotani
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
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10
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Kristensen MK, Plovsing RR, Berg RMG, Madsen RK, Ronit A. Cell adhesion molecules and vascular endothelial growth factor at the systemic and alveolar level in COVID-19 ARDS. J Infect Dis 2021; 224:1101-1103. [PMID: 34192319 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Markus K Kristensen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hvidovre,Denmark
| | - Ronni R Plovsing
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hvidovre,Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen,Denmark
| | - Ronan M G Berg
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen,Denmark.,Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET, Rigshospitalet University of Copenhagen,Denmark.,Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen,Denmark.,Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and Edu-cation, University of South Wales, UK
| | - Rikke Krogh Madsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hvidovre,Denmark.,Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen,Denmark
| | - Andreas Ronit
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hvidovre,Denmark
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11
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Allenby MC, Okutsu N, Brailey K, Guasch J, Zhang Q, Panoskaltsis N, Mantalaris A. A spatiotemporal microenvironment model to improve design of a 3D bioreactor for red cell production. Tissue Eng Part A 2021; 28:38-53. [PMID: 34130508 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2021.0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular microenvironments provide stimuli including paracrine and autocrine growth factors and physico-chemical cues, which support efficient in vivo cell production unmatched by current in vitro biomanufacturing platforms. While three-dimensional (3D) culture systems aim to recapitulate niche architecture and function of the target tissue/organ, they are limited in accessing spatiotemporal information to evaluate and optimize in situ cell/tissue process development. Herein, a mathematical modelling framework is parameterized by single-cell phenotypic imaging and multiplexed biochemical assays to simulate the non-uniform tissue distribution of nutrients/metabolites and growth factors in cell niche environments. This model is applied to a bone marrow mimicry 3D perfusion bioreactor containing dense stromal and hematopoietic tissue with limited red blood cell (RBC) egress. The model characterized an imbalance between endogenous cytokine production and nutrient starvation within the microenvironmental niches, and recommended increased cell inoculum density and enhanced medium exchange, guiding the development of a miniaturized prototype bioreactor. The second-generation prototype improved the distribution of nutrients and growth factors and supported a 50-fold increase in RBC production efficiency. This image-informed bioprocess modelling framework leverages spatiotemporal niche information to enhance biochemical factor utilization and improve cell manufacturing in 3D systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Colin Allenby
- Queensland University of Technology, 1969, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation (IHBI), Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia.,Imperial College London, 4615, Department of Chemical Engineering, London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland;
| | - Naoki Okutsu
- Imperial College London, 4615, Department of Chemical Engineering, London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland;
| | - Kate Brailey
- Imperial College London, 4615, Department of Chemical Engineering, London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland;
| | - Joana Guasch
- Imperial College London, 4615, Department of Chemical Engineering, London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland;
| | - Qiming Zhang
- Imperial College London, 4615, Department of Chemical Engineering, London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland;
| | - Nicki Panoskaltsis
- Emory University, 1371, Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States.,Imperial College London, 4615, Department of Haematology, London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland;
| | - Athanasios Mantalaris
- Georgia Institute of Technology, 1372, BME, Atlanta, Georgia, United States.,Imperial College London, 4615, Department of Chemical Engineering, London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland;
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12
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P2X7 receptor in multifaceted cellular signalling and its relevance as a potential therapeutic target in different diseases. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 906:174235. [PMID: 34097884 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
P2X7 receptor, a purinergic receptor family member, is abundantly expressed on many cells, including immune, muscle, bone, neuron, and glia. It acts as an ATP-activated cation channel that permits the influx of Ca2+, Na+ and efflux of K+ ions. The P2X7 receptor plays crucial roles in many physiological processes including cytokine and chemokine secretion, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, cellular growth and differentiation, locomotion, wound healing, transcription factors activation, cell death and T-lymphocyte survival. Past studies have demonstrated the up-regulation and direct association of this receptor in many pathophysiological conditions such as cancer, diabetics, arthritis, tuberculosis (TB) and inflammatory diseases. Hence, targeting this receptor is considered a worthwhile approach to lessen the afflictions associated with the disorders mentioned above by understanding the receptor architecture and downstream signalling processes. Here, in the present review, we have dissected the structural and functional aspects of the P2X7 receptor, emphasizing its role in various diseased conditions. This information will provide in-depth knowledge about the receptor and help to develop apt curative methodologies for the betterment of humanity in the coming years.
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13
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Conditioned Medium Promotes Endogenous Leukemia Inhibitory Factor to Attenuate Endotoxin-Induced Acute Lung Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115554. [PMID: 34074039 PMCID: PMC8197417 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The conditioned medium of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC-CM) can attenuate neutrophil recruitment and endothelial leakage of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI). Therefore, we investigated the mechanisms by which iPSC-CM regulate the interaction between neutrophils and the endothelium in ALI. Murine iPSCs (miPSCs) were delivered intravenously to male C57BL/6 mice (8–12 weeks old) 4 h after intratracheal LPS injection. A miPSC-derived conditioned medium (miPSC-CM) was delivered intravenously to mice after intratracheal LPS injection. DMSO-induced HL-60 cells (D-HL-60, neutrophil-like cells) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were used as in vitro models to assess the interaction of neutrophils and endothelial cells. miPSC-CM diminished the histopathological changes in the lungs and the neutrophil count in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids of ALI mice. miPSC-CM attenuated the expression of adhesion molecules in the lungs of ALI mice. Human iPSC conditioned medium (hiPSC-CM) reduced the expression of adhesion molecules in a HUVEC and D-HL-60 co-culture after LPS stimulation, which decreased the transendothelial migration (TEM) of D-HL-60. A human angiogenesis factors protein array revealed that leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) was not detected in the absence of D-HL-60 and hiPSC-CM groups. hiPSC-CM significantly promoted the production of endogenous LIF in in vitro models. Administration of an anti-LIF antibody not only reversed the effect of iPSC-CM in ALI mice, but also blocked the effect of iPSC-CM on neutrophils TEM in in vitro models. However, a controlled IgG had no such effect. Our study demonstrated that iPSC-CM promoted endogenous LIF to inhibit neutrophils TEM and attenuate the severity of sepsis-induced ALI.
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14
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Troncoso MF, Ortiz-Quintero J, Garrido-Moreno V, Sanhueza-Olivares F, Guerrero-Moncayo A, Chiong M, Castro PF, García L, Gabrielli L, Corbalán R, Garrido-Olivares L, Lavandero S. VCAM-1 as a predictor biomarker in cardiovascular disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1867:166170. [PMID: 34000374 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The vascular cellular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) is a protein that canonically participates in the adhesion and transmigration of leukocytes to the interstitium during inflammation. VCAM-1 expression, together with soluble VCAM-1 (sVCAM-1) induced by the shedding of VCAM-1 by metalloproteinases, have been proposed as biomarkers in immunological diseases, cancer, autoimmune myocarditis, and as predictors of mortality and morbidity in patients with chronic heart failure (HF), endothelial injury in patients with coronary artery disease, and arrhythmias. This revision aims to discuss the role of sVCAM-1 as a biomarker to predict the occurrence, development, and preservation of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayarling Francisca Troncoso
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jafet Ortiz-Quintero
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Bioanalysis & Immunology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | - Valeria Garrido-Moreno
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fernanda Sanhueza-Olivares
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alejandra Guerrero-Moncayo
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mario Chiong
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo F Castro
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lorena García
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luigi Gabrielli
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ramón Corbalán
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis Garrido-Olivares
- Division of Surgery, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology Division, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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15
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Lin M, Yang C, Liu X, Zhao S, Tian B, Hou X, Xu J, Yang P. Increased Levels of VCAM-1 in Sera and VLA-4 Expression on Neutrophils in Dermatomyositis with Interstitial Lung Disease. Immunol Invest 2021; 51:980-992. [PMID: 33724131 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2021.1897611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and its ligand very late antigen (VLA-4) play important roles in many autoimmune diseases. Our study aimed to investigate the serum level of VCAM-1 and VLA-4 expression on peripheral blood neutrophil surface in patients with dermatomyositis (DM), especially focusing on patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD). Blood specimens of 42 patients with DM and 42 healthy controls matched for age and gender were recruited. Total serum VCAM-1 level was measured using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the percentages of VLA-4 expression on neutrophils were analyzed by flow cytometry. We divided patients into subgroups according to whether they had ILD and whether they exhibited diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) via high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT). sVCAM-1 was increased in classical DM (cDM) and clinical amyopathic dermatomyositis (CADM) compared with healthy controls (both p < .01). DM-ILD had higher sVCAM-1 levels than the none-ILD group (p < .01). sVCAM-1 was also significantly increased in the DAD group compared to the none-DAD group (p < .01). The percentages of VLA-4 expression on neutrophils in cDM and CADM patients were significantly elevated than that in healthy controls (both p < .01). The percentage of VLA-4 expression on neutrophils in DM patients with ILD was higher than none-ILD group (p < .01). In the patients with ILD, DAD group had a higher percentage of VLA-4 expression on neutrophils than none-DAD group (p < .01). Our findings indicated that serum VCAM-1 levels combined with VLA-4 expression on neutrophils might be useful for detecting the severity of lung disease in patients with DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyi Lin
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunshu Yang
- Department of 1st Cancer Institute, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xudong Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Bailing Tian
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Hou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyi Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Pingting Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
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16
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Wang J, Luan Y, Fan EK, Scott MJ, Li Y, Billiar TR, Wilson MA, Jiang Y, Fan J. TBK1/IKKε Negatively Regulate LPS-Induced Neutrophil Necroptosis and Lung Inflammation. Shock 2021; 55:338-348. [PMID: 32925605 PMCID: PMC8183424 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Cell necroptosis, a form of regulated inflammatory cell death, is one of the mechanisms that controls cell release of inflammatory mediators from innate immune cells, such as polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs), and critically regulates the progress of inflammation. Cell necroptosis features receptor-interacting protein (RIPK) 1 activation and necroptosome formation. This leads to loss of plasma membrane integrity, the release of cell contents into the extracellular space, and subsequent increased inflammation. Here, we report an intra-PMN mechanism of negative regulation of necroptosis mediated through TBK1/IKKε. Using an in vivo mouse model of intratracheal injection (i.t.) of LPS and in vitro LPS stimulation of mouse PMN, we found that LPS-TLR4 signaling in PMNs activates and phosphorylates TBK1 and IKKε, which in turn suppress LPS-induced formation of the RIPK1-RIPK3-MLKL (necrosome) complex. TBK1 dysfunction by knockdown or inhibitor significantly increases the phosphorylation of RIPK1 (∼67%), RIPK3 (∼68%), and MLKL (∼50%) and promotes RIPK1-RIPK3 and RIPK3-MLKL interactions and increases PMN necroptosis (∼83%) in response to LPS, with subsequent augmented lung inflammation. These findings suggest that the LPS-TLR4-TBK1 axis serves as a negative regulator for PMN necroptosis and might be a therapeutic target for modulating PMN death and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyan Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingyi Luan
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing China
| | - Erica K. Fan
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Melanie J. Scott
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Yuehua Li
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Research and Development, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Timothy R. Billiar
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Mark A. Wilson
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Fan
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Research and Development, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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17
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Victoni T, Barreto E, Lagente V, Carvalho VF. Oxidative Imbalance as a Crucial Factor in Inflammatory Lung Diseases: Could Antioxidant Treatment Constitute a New Therapeutic Strategy? OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6646923. [PMID: 33628371 PMCID: PMC7889360 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6646923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory lung disease results in a high global burden of death and disability. There are no effective treatments for the most severe forms of many inflammatory lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, emphysema, corticosteroid-resistant asthma, and coronavirus disease 2019; hence, new treatment options are required. Here, we review the role of oxidative imbalance in the development of difficult-to-treat inflammatory lung diseases. The inflammation-induced overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) means that endogenous antioxidants may not be sufficient to prevent oxidative damage, resulting in an oxidative imbalance in the lung. In turn, intracellular signaling events trigger the production of proinflammatory mediators that perpetuate and aggravate the inflammatory response and may lead to tissue damage. The production of high levels of ROS in inflammatory lung diseases can induce the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases, the inactivation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling and histone deacetylase 2, a decrease in glucocorticoid binding to its receptor, and thus resistance to glucocorticoid treatment. Hence, antioxidant treatment might be a therapeutic option for inflammatory lung diseases. Preclinical studies have shown that antioxidants (alone or combined with anti-inflammatory drugs) are effective in the treatment of inflammatory lung diseases, although the clinical evidence of efficacy is weaker. Despite the high level of evidence for the efficacy of antioxidants in the treatment of inflammatory lung diseases, the discovery and clinical investigation of safer, more efficacious compounds are now a priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Victoni
- University of Lyon, VetAgro Sup, APCSe, Marcy l'Étoile, France
| | - Emiliano Barreto
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, AL 57072-900, Brazil
| | - Vincent Lagente
- NuMeCan Institute (Nutrition, Metabolism and Cancer), INSERM, INRAE, CHU Rennes, Univ Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Vinicius F. Carvalho
- Laboratório de Inflamação, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21045-900, Brazil
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18
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Pacheco PAF, Faria RX. The potential involvement of P2X7 receptor in COVID-19 pathogenesis: A new therapeutic target? Scand J Immunol 2021; 93:e12960. [PMID: 32797724 PMCID: PMC7461012 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pathogenesis remains under investigation. Growing evidence indicates the establishment of a hyperinflammatory response, characterized by sustained production of cytokines, such as IL-1β. The release and maturation of this cytokine are dependent on the activation of a catalytic multiprotein complex, known as "inflammasome". The most investigated is the NLRP3 inflammasome, which can be activated by various stimuli, such as the recognition of extracellular ATP by the P2X7 receptor. Based on the recent literature, we present evidence that supports the idea that the P2X7R/NLRP3 axis may be involved in the immune dysregulation caused by the SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo A. F. Pacheco
- Laboratório de Toxoplasmose e outras ProtozoosesInstituto Oswaldo CruzFundação Oswaldo CruzRio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Robson X. Faria
- Laboratório de Toxoplasmose e outras ProtozoosesInstituto Oswaldo CruzFundação Oswaldo CruzRio de JaneiroBrazil
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19
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Wójcik P, Gęgotek A, Žarković N, Skrzydlewska E. Oxidative Stress and Lipid Mediators Modulate Immune Cell Functions in Autoimmune Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020723. [PMID: 33450863 PMCID: PMC7828321 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases, including psoriasis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and rheumatic arthritis (RA), are caused by a combination of environmental and genetic factors that lead to overactivation of immune cells and chronic inflammation. Since oxidative stress is a common feature of these diseases, which activates leukocytes to intensify inflammation, antioxidants could reduce the severity of these diseases. In addition to activating leukocytes, oxidative stress increases the production of lipid mediators, notably of endocannabinoids and eicosanoids, which are products of enzymatic lipid metabolism that act through specific receptors. Because the anti-inflammatory CB2 receptors are the predominant cannabinoid receptors in leukocytes, endocannabinoids are believed to act as anti-inflammatory factors that regulate compensatory mechanisms in autoimmune diseases. While administration of eicosanoids in vitro leads to the differentiation of lymphocytes into T helper 2 (Th2) cells, eicosanoids are also necessary for the different0iation of Th1 and Th17 cells. Therefore, their antagonists and/or the genetic deletion of their receptors abolish inflammation in animal models of psoriasis—RA and SLE. On the other hand, products of non-enzymatic lipid peroxidation, especially acrolein and 4-hydroxynonenal-protein adducts, mostly generated by an oxidative burst of granulocytes, may enhance inflammation and even acting as autoantigens and extracellular signaling molecules in the vicious circle of autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Wójcik
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (P.W.); (A.G.)
| | - Agnieszka Gęgotek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (P.W.); (A.G.)
| | - Neven Žarković
- Laboratory for Oxidative Stress, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Elżbieta Skrzydlewska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (P.W.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence:
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20
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Abboud C, Duveau A, Bouali-Benazzouz R, Massé K, Mattar J, Brochoire L, Fossat P, Boué-Grabot E, Hleihel W, Landry M. Animal models of pain: Diversity and benefits. J Neurosci Methods 2020; 348:108997. [PMID: 33188801 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2020.108997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Chronic pain is a maladaptive neurological disease that remains a major health problem. A deepening of our knowledge on mechanisms that cause pain is a prerequisite to developing novel treatments. A large variety of animal models of pain has been developed that recapitulate the diverse symptoms of different pain pathologies. These models reproduce different pain phenotypes and remain necessary to examine the multidimensional aspects of pain and understand the cellular and molecular basis underlying pain conditions. In this review, we propose an overview of animal models, from simple organisms to rodents and non-human primates and the specific traits of pain pathologies they model. We present the main behavioral tests for assessing pain and investing the underpinning mechanisms of chronic pathological pain. The validity of animal models is analysed based on their ability to mimic human clinical diseases and to predict treatment outcomes. Refine characterization of pathological phenotypes also requires to consider pain globally using specific procedures dedicated to study emotional comorbidities of pain. We discuss the limitations of pain models when research findings fail to be translated from animal models to human clinics. But we also point to some recent successes in analgesic drug development that highlight strategies for improving the predictive validity of animal models of pain. Finally, we emphasize the importance of using assortments of preclinical pain models to identify pain subtype mechanisms, and to foster the development of better analgesics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Abboud
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, IINS, UMR 5297, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, IMN, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Lebanon
| | - Alexia Duveau
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, IMN, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Rabia Bouali-Benazzouz
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, IMN, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Karine Massé
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, IMN, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Joseph Mattar
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Lebanon
| | - Louison Brochoire
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, IMN, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Pascal Fossat
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, IMN, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Eric Boué-Grabot
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, IMN, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Walid Hleihel
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Lebanon; Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Lebanon
| | - Marc Landry
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, IMN, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
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21
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Haddad J, Latoche JD, Nigam S, Bellavia MC, Day KE, Zhu Q, Edwards WB, Anderson CJ, Tavakoli S. Molecular Imaging of Very Late Antigen-4 in Acute Lung Injury. J Nucl Med 2020; 62:280-286. [DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.120.242347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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22
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Wirsching E, Fauler M, Fois G, Frick M. P2 Purinergic Signaling in the Distal Lung in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4973. [PMID: 32674494 PMCID: PMC7404078 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The distal lung provides an intricate structure for gas exchange in mammalian lungs. Efficient gas exchange depends on the functional integrity of lung alveoli. The cells in the alveolar tissue serve various functions to maintain alveolar structure, integrity and homeostasis. Alveolar epithelial cells secrete pulmonary surfactant, regulate the alveolar surface liquid (ASL) volume and, together with resident and infiltrating immune cells, provide a powerful host-defense system against a multitude of particles, microbes and toxicants. It is well established that all of these cells express purinergic P2 receptors and that purinergic signaling plays important roles in maintaining alveolar homeostasis. Therefore, it is not surprising that purinergic signaling also contributes to development and progression of severe pathological conditions like pulmonary inflammation, acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) and pulmonary fibrosis. Within this review we focus on the role of P2 purinergic signaling in the distal lung in health and disease. We recapitulate the expression of P2 receptors within the cells in the alveoli, the possible sources of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) within alveoli and the contribution of purinergic signaling to regulation of surfactant secretion, ASL volume and composition, as well as immune homeostasis. Finally, we summarize current knowledge of the role for P2 signaling in infectious pneumonia, ALI/ARDS and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Manfred Frick
- Institute of General Physiology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (E.W.); (M.F.); (G.F.)
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23
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Assessment of Cell Adhesion After Purinoceptor Activation. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2041:351-358. [PMID: 31646503 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9717-6_27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Cell adhesion is a characteristic feature of phagocytic myeloid cells, which is important for several inflammatory processes, such as migration, invasion, and proliferation. Purinergic signaling in macrophages plays an important role in cell adhesion of this cell type to different extracellular substrates. This protocol describes the use of two different detection methods to quantify cell adhesion upon P2X7 receptor activation by extracellular ATP.
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24
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Huang C, Liang Y, Zeng X, Yang X, Xu D, Gou X, Sathiaseelan R, Senavirathna LK, Wang P, Liu L. Long Noncoding RNA FENDRR Exhibits Antifibrotic Activity in Pulmonary Fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 62:440-453. [PMID: 31697569 PMCID: PMC7110975 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2018-0293oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal activation of lung fibroblasts contributes to the initiation and progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The objective of the present study was to investigate the role of fetal-lethal noncoding developmental regulatory RNA (FENDRR) in the activation of lung fibroblasts. Dysregulated long noncoding RNAs in IPF lungs were identified by next-generation sequencing analysis from the two online datasets. FENDRR expression in lung tissues from patients with IPF and mice with bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis was determined by quantitative real-time PCR. IRP1 (iron-responsive element-binding protein 1), a protein partner of FENDRR, was identified by RNA pulldown-coupled mass spectrometric analysis and confirmed by RNA immunoprecipitation. The interaction region between FENDRR and IRP1 was determined by cross-linking immunoprecipitation. The in vivo role of FENDRR in pulmonary fibrosis was studied using adenovirus-mediated gene transfer in mice. The expression of FENDRR was downregulated in fibrotic human and mouse lungs as well as in primary lung fibroblasts isolated from bleomycin-treated mice. TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor-β1)-SMAD3 signaling inhibited FENDRR expression in lung fibroblasts. FENDRR was preferentially localized in the cytoplasm of adult lung fibroblasts and bound IRP1, suggesting its role in iron metabolism. FENDRR reduced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting fibroblast activation by reducing iron concentration and acting as a competing endogenous RNA of the profibrotic microRNA-214. Adenovirus-mediated FENDRR gene transfer in the mouse lung attenuated bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis and improved lung function. Our data suggest that FENDRR is an antifibrotic long noncoding RNA and a potential therapeutic target for pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqun Huang
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, and
- Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma; and
| | - Yurong Liang
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, and
- Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma; and
| | - Xiangming Zeng
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, and
- Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma; and
| | - Xiaoyun Yang
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, and
- Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma; and
| | - Dao Xu
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, and
- Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma; and
| | - Xuxu Gou
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, and
- Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma; and
| | - Roshini Sathiaseelan
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, and
- Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma; and
| | - Lakmini Kumari Senavirathna
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, and
- Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma; and
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Medical School of Jinan University, Guangdong, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, and
- Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma; and
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25
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Cheng R, Wu Z, Li M, Shao M, Hu T. Interleukin-1β is a potential therapeutic target for periodontitis: a narrative review. Int J Oral Sci 2020; 12:2. [PMID: 31900383 PMCID: PMC6949296 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-019-0068-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin(IL)-1β, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, was elevated and participates in periodontitis. Not only the link between IL-1β and periodontitis was proved by clinical evidence, but also the increased IL-1β triggers a series of inflammatory reactions and promotes bone resorption. Currently, IL-1β blockage has been therapeutic strategies for autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes, gout and type II diabetes mellitus. It is speculated that IL-1β be a potential therapeutic target for periodontitis. The review focuses on the production, mechanism, present treatments and future potential strategies for IL-1β in periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiwu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Meiying Shao
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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26
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Kopp R, Krautloher A, Ramírez-Fernández A, Nicke A. P2X7 Interactions and Signaling - Making Head or Tail of It. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:183. [PMID: 31440138 PMCID: PMC6693442 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular adenine nucleotides play important roles in cell-cell communication and tissue homeostasis. High concentrations of extracellular ATP released by dying cells are sensed as a danger signal by the P2X7 receptor, a non-specific cation channel. Studies in P2X7 knockout mice and numerous disease models have demonstrated an important role of this receptor in inflammatory processes. P2X7 activation has been shown to induce a variety of cellular responses that are not usually associated with ion channel function, for example changes in the plasma membrane composition and morphology, ectodomain shedding, activation of lipases, kinases, and transcription factors, as well as cytokine release and apoptosis. In contrast to all other P2X family members, the P2X7 receptor contains a long intracellular C-terminus that constitutes 40% of the whole protein and is considered essential for most of these effects. So far, over 50 different proteins have been identified to physically interact with the P2X7 receptor. However, few of these interactions have been confirmed in independent studies and for the majority of these proteins, the interaction domains and the physiological consequences of the interactions are only poorly described. Also, while the structure of the P2X7 extracellular domain has recently been resolved, information about the organization and structure of its C-terminal tail remains elusive. After shortly describing the structure and assembly of the P2X7 receptor, this review gives an update of the identified or proposed interaction domains within the P2X7 C-terminus, describes signaling pathways in which this receptor has been involved, and provides an overlook of the identified interaction partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Kopp
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Krautloher
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Antonio Ramírez-Fernández
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Annette Nicke
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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27
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Oakley C, Koh M, Baldi R, Soni S, O'Dea K, Takata M, Wilson M. Ventilation following established ARDS: a preclinical model framework to improve predictive power. Thorax 2019; 74:1120-1129. [PMID: 31278170 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2019-213460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite advances in understanding the pathophysiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome, effective pharmacological interventions have proven elusive. We believe this is a consequence of existing preclinical models being designed primarily to explore biological pathways, rather than predict treatment effects. Here, we describe a mouse model in which both therapeutic intervention and ventilation were superimposed onto existing injury and explored the impact of β-agonist treatment, which is effective in simple models but not clinically. METHODS Mice had lung injury induced by intranasal lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which peaked at 48 hours post-LPS based on clinically relevant parameters including hypoxaemia and impaired mechanics. At this peak of injury, mice were treated intratracheally with either terbutaline or tumour necrosis factor (TNF) receptor 1-targeting domain antibody, and ventilated with moderate tidal volume (20 mL/kg) to induce secondary ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). RESULTS Ventilation of LPS-injured mice at 20 mL/kg exacerbated injury compared with low tidal volume (8 mL/kg). While terbutaline attenuated VILI within non-LPS-treated animals, it was ineffective to reduce VILI in pre-injured mice, mimicking its lack of clinical efficacy. In contrast, anti-TNF receptor 1 antibody attenuated secondary VILI within pre-injured lungs, indicating that the model was treatable. CONCLUSIONS We propose adoption of a practical framework like that described here to reduce the number of ultimately ineffective drugs reaching clinical trials. Novel targets should be evaluated alongside interventions which have been previously tested clinically, using models that recapitulate the (lack of) clinical efficacy. Within such a framework, outperforming a failed pharmacologic should be a prerequisite for drugs entering trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Oakley
- Department of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine & Intensive Care, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Marissa Koh
- Department of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine & Intensive Care, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Rhianna Baldi
- Department of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine & Intensive Care, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Sanooj Soni
- Department of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine & Intensive Care, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Kieran O'Dea
- Department of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine & Intensive Care, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Masao Takata
- Department of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine & Intensive Care, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Michael Wilson
- Department of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine & Intensive Care, Imperial College London, London, UK
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28
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Norman KC, Freeman CM, Bidthanapally NS, Han MK, Martinez FJ, Curtis JL, Arnold KB. Inference of Cellular Immune Environments in Sputum and Peripheral Blood Associated with Acute Exacerbations of COPD. Cell Mol Bioeng 2019; 12:165-177. [PMID: 31719907 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-019-00567-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States, with high associated costs. Most of the cost burden results from acute exacerbations of COPD (AE-COPD), events associated with heightened symptoms and mortality. Cellular mechanisms underlying AE-COPD are poorly understood, likely because they arise from dysregulation of complex immune networks across multiple tissue compartments. Methods To gain systems-level insight into cellular environments relevant to exacerbation, we applied data-driven modeling approaches to measurements of immune factors (cytokines and flow cytometry) measured previously in two different human tissue environments (sputum and peripheral blood) during the stable and exacerbated state. Results Using partial least squares discriminant analysis, we identified a unique signature of cytokines in serum that differentiated stable and AE-COPD better than individual measurements. Furthermore, we found that models integrating data across tissue compartments (serum and sputum) trended towards being more accurate. The resulting paracrine signature defining AE-COPD events combined elevations of proteins associated with cell adhesion (sVCAM-1, sICAM-1) and increased levels of neutrophils and dendritic cells in blood with elevated chemoattractants (IP-10 and MCP-2) in sputum. Conclusions Our results supported a new hypothesis that AE-COPD is driven by immune cell trafficking into the lung, which requires expression of cell adhesion molecules and raised levels of innate immune cells in blood, with parallel upregulated expression of specific chemokines in pulmonary tissue. Overall, this work serves as a proof-of-concept for using data-driven modeling approaches to generate new insights into cellular processes involved in complex pulmonary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katy C Norman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Christine M Freeman
- Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.,Research Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.,Graduate Program in Immunology, Rackham Graduate School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Neha S Bidthanapally
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - MeiLan K Han
- Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Fernando J Martinez
- Joan & Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Jeffrey L Curtis
- Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.,Graduate Program in Immunology, Rackham Graduate School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.,Medicine Service, Pulmonary & Critical Care Section, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA
| | - Kelly B Arnold
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
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29
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Wang J, Zhu QW, Cheng XY, Liu JY, Zhang LL, Tao YM, Cui YB, Wei Y. Assessment efficacy of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and monocyte-lymphocyte ratio in preeclampsia. J Reprod Immunol 2019; 132:29-34. [PMID: 30861482 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Abnormal changes in immune-mediated inflammation contribute to the pathogenesis of preeclampsia (PE). We aim to investigate the value of systemic immune inflammation indices-neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR)-to identify and evaluate the prognosis of patients with PE. METHODS This study reviewed clinical records of 367 PE patients (162 with mild PE and 205 with severe PE), in addition to a control group of 172 normal pregnancies. Blood cell counts were performed at the first diagnosis of PE, and NLR and MLR were calculated by absolute cell count. RESULTS Absolute neutrophil, lymphocyte, and monocyte counts and NLR and MLR values in PE were significantly different from controls, although monocyte counts did not significantly differ between mild and severe PE. Receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC) analysis showed NLR and MLR had better diagnostic accuracy in distinguishing PE from controls [NLR area under the curve (AUC) = 0.70; MLR AUC = 0.78]. Further, NLR was the best predictor of disease severity (AUC = 0.71). Cutoff values of NLR > 4.198 or MLR > 0.325 for control and PE groups or a cutoff value of NLR > 4.182 for PE groups indicated that patients were more likely to encounter preterm delivery, have shorter admission-to-delivery interval, and develop maternal and neonatal complications. CONCLUSION Secondary analyses of white blood cell differential count parameters effectively evaluate the systemic inflammatory/immune state. Compared with absolute cell counts, NLR and MLR offer more effective indicators of clinical assessment, disease severity evaluation, and prognosis evaluation of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nantong Women and Children Health Care Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qing-Wen Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nantong Women and Children Health Care Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics, Nantong Women and Children Health Care Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiang-Yue Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nantong Women and Children Health Care Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin-Li Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nantong Women and Children Health Care Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu-Mei Tao
- Department of Pathology, Nantong Women and Children Health Care Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu-Bao Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Ye Wei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nantong Women and Children Health Care Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
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30
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Jin J, Xu W, Wan B, Wang X, Zhou Z, Miao Y, Lv T, Song Y. Topotecan Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Mediated Acute Lung Injury Via the NF-κB Signaling Pathway. J Surg Res 2019; 235:83-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2018.08.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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31
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Su VYF, Yang KY, Chiou SH, Chen NJ, Mo MH, Lin CS, Wang CT. Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Regulate Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cell-1 Expression and the p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway in Endotoxin-Induced Acute Lung Injury. Stem Cells 2019; 37:631-639. [PMID: 30681755 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Revised: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can attenuate the pathological severity and neutrophil migration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI). However, interactions that may occur between iPSCs and the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM) family of proteins remain unclear. In this study, murine iPSCs (miPSCs) were delivered via tail vein injection to wild type, TREM-1 knockout (KO), and TREM-2 KO C57BL/6 mice 4 hours after an intratracheal delivery of LPS. Twenty-four hours later, the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung tissue were collected to perform histology, immunohistochemistry, neutrophil counts, Western blot assays, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Neutrophils were also isolated from the bone marrow to perform in vitro migration assays. In the lung tissues collected, LPS increased the expression of TREM-1 and TREM-2, with the TREM-2 KO mice expressing more TREM-1 than the wild-type mice. The TREM-2 KO mice also exhibited greater severity of LPS-induced ALI, enhanced neutrophil infiltration in the lung tissues, and a higher ratio of phosphorylated p38 to total p38 (p-p38/p38) in neutrophils. The p-p38/p38 ratio and the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and certain proinflammatory cytokines (macrophage inflammatory protein-2, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β) were increased in whole lung extracts following LPS-induced ALI, and these levels were even more in LPS-treated TREM-2 KO mice. These effects were reduced when miPSCs were administered. Thus, the results of this study suggest that miPSCs attenuate the role of neutrophils in lung inflammation and injury induced by LPS by reducing their expression of TREM-1 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. Stem Cells 2019;37:631-639.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Yi-Fong Su
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei City Government, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Yao Yang
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cancer Progression Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hwa Chiou
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nien-Jung Chen
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Hsiang Mo
- Department of Biomedical, METATECH (AP) INC, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Dayeh University, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Shiuan Lin
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center for Traditional Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Tien Wang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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32
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Sun H, Zhang X, Shi W, Fang B. Association of soft tissue infection in the extremity with glucose and lipid metabolism and inflammatory factors. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:2535-2540. [PMID: 30906442 PMCID: PMC6425121 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Association of soft tissue infection in the extremity with glucose and lipid metabolism as well as inflammatory factors was investigated. One hundred and twenty-six patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) complicated with soft tissue infection in the lower extremity admitted and treated in Dongying People's Hospital from March 2016 to February 2017 were selected and divided into mild (n=46), moderate (n=43) and severe group (n=37) according to the severity of the soft tissue infection in the lower extremity. The glucose and lipid metabolism, inflammatory factors and influencing factors were compared among different groups of patients before treatment, and the changes in glucose and lipid metabolism as well as inflammatory factors were observed after treatment. Before treatment, the levels of free fatty acid (FFA), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting insulin (FINS), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in mild group were remarkably lower than those in moderate and severe groups, while the serum adiponectin (APN) level was obviously higher (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that FFA, FPG, FINS, APN, VCAM-1, CRP, TNF-α and IL-6 were risk factors influencing soft tissue infection in the extremity (P<0.05). After treatment, among the 126 patients, the levels of FFA, FPG, FINS, VCAM-1, CRP, TNF-α and IL-6 were decreased markedly, while the APN level was increased evidently (P<0.05). Compared with patients innon-toe/extremity amputation group, patients in toe/extremity amputation group had elevated levels of FFA, FPG, FINS, VCAM-1, CRP, TNF-α and IL-6 as well as declined APN level (P<0.05). Glucose and lipid metabolism and inflammatory factors are closely related to soft tissue infection in the extremity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying, Shandong 257000, P.R. China
| | - Xiuyun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying, Shandong 257000, P.R. China
| | - Wei Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying, Shandong 257000, P.R. China
| | - Bo Fang
- Department of Orthopedics, Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying, Shandong 257000, P.R. China
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33
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RIG-I Signaling via MAVS Is Dispensable for Survival in Lethal Influenza Infection In Vivo. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:6808934. [PMID: 30532653 PMCID: PMC6250004 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6808934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) is an important regulator of virus-induced antiviral interferons (IFNs) and proinflammatory cytokines. It requires interaction with an adaptor molecule, mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein (MAVS), to activate downstream signaling pathways. To elucidate the mechanism(s) by which RIG-I-dependent recognition of IAV infection in vivo triggers innate immune responses, we infected mutant mice lacking RIG-I or MAVS with influenza A virus (IAV) and measured their innate immune responses. As has previously been demonstrated with isolated deletion of the virus recognition receptors TLR3, TLR7, and NOD2, RIG-I or MAVS knockout (KO) did not result in higher mortality and did not reduce IAV-induced cytokine responses in mice. Infected RIG-I KO animals displayed similar lung inflammation profiles as did WT mice, in terms of the protein concentration, total cell count, and inflammatory cell composition in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. RNA-Seq results demonstrated that all types of mice exhibited equivalent antiviral and inflammatory gene responses following IAV infection. Together, the results indicated that although RIG-I is important in innate cytokine responses in vitro, individual deletion of the genes encoding RIG-I or MAVS did not change survival or innate responses in vivo after IAV infection in mice.
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Jing W, Qin F, Guo X, Sun Y, Yan C, Qiu C, Tanaka M, Shi B, Zhao Y. G-CSF mediates lung injury in mice with adenine-induced acute kidney injury. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 63:1-8. [PMID: 30056257 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a serious complication among patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) that is a systemic inflammatory disease with high morbidity and mortality. The pathophysiology of AKI-associated ALI is poorly understood. G-CSF regulates the production and function of neutrophils that mediate lung injury via elastase and other mediators. Here, we used a mouse model of adenine-induced AKI to determine the roles of G-CSF and neutrophil elastase in AKI-associated ALI. We confirmed that ALI was associated with high serum G-CSF levels, and elevated neutrophil elastase activity in the lungs and serum of mice with adenine-induced AKI. Systemic administration of G-CSF-specific neutralizing antibody normalized granulopoiesis, pulmonary neutrophil infiltration, and neutrophil elastase activity, conferring improved lung architecture in mice with adenine-induced AKI. Further studies revealed that macrophages secreted G-CSF upon urea stimulation. Consequently, G-CSF could be a target for new anti-lung injury strategy in patients with AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqiang Jing
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China; Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Fei Qin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xing Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yanlin Sun
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Can Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Chunhong Qiu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Masato Tanaka
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, School of Life Science, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Benkang Shi
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Yunxue Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
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Di Virgilio F, Sarti AC, Grassi F. Modulation of innate and adaptive immunity by P2X ion channels. Curr Opin Immunol 2018; 52:51-59. [PMID: 29631184 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2018.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular ATP is a major component of the inflammatory microenvironment where it accumulates following cell and tissue injury but also as a consequence of non-lytic release from activated inflammatory cells. In the inflammatory microenvironment ATP binds and activates nucleotide receptors of the P2Y and P2X subfamilies expressed by immune cells. P2Y receptors are G-protein-coupled, while P2X receptors are cation-selective channels. Changes in the intracellular ion homeostasis triggered by P2X receptor stimulation trigger multiple key responses crucial for initiation, propagation, and resolution of inflammation. In the P2X receptor family, the P2X7 subtype has an important role in the activation of lymphocyte, granulocyte, macrophage and dendritic cell responses. Although clinical studies have been so far rather inconclusive, it is believed that P2X7 receptor targeting might offer novel perspectives for anti-inflammatory therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Di Virgilio
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Alba Clara Sarti
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fabio Grassi
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Via Vincenzo Vela 6, CH-6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via G.B. Viotti 3/5, 20133 Milan, Italy; Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Via Francesco Sforza, 35-20122 Milan, Italy.
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Kim HJ, Kim E, Baek SH, Kim HY, Kim JY, Park J, Choi EJ. Sevoflurane did not show better protective effect on endothelial glycocalyx layer compared to propofol during lung resection surgery with one lung ventilation. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10:1468-1475. [PMID: 29707296 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.03.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background The endothelial glycocalyx layer (EGL) coats the alveolar capillary endothelium and plays important roles in pulmonary vascular protection, modulation, and hemostasis. Ischemia-reperfusion, which occurs during lung resection surgery with one lung ventilation (OLV), can damage the EGL. Sevoflurane is known for its protective effect against ischemia-reperfusion injury. Therefore, we hypothesized that lung resection surgery produces EGL damage and sevoflurane protects the EGL better than the intravenous anesthetic propofol. Methods Seventy-eight patients undergoing pulmonary resection were randomly allocated into the sevoflurane (n=38) and propofol (n=40) groups. All patients received OLV and protective ventilation under sevoflurane- or propofol-based anesthesia. The concentrations of EGL injury markers (heparan sulfate and human syndecan-1) and an inflammatory marker (vascular cell adhesion molecule-1) were measured from blood samples drawn at five time points (after induction, 60 min after OLV, 120 min after OLV, end of OLV, and end of surgery). Results OLV increased the concentrations of EGL injury markers; heparan sulfate concentrations increased from 120 minutes after OLV (120 minutes after OLV: sevoflurane, 13.3±6.8 ng/mL, P<0.05; propofol, 14.8±6.9 ng/mL, P<0.05). Human syndecan-1 concentrations also increased from 120 minutes after OLV (120 minutes after OLV: sevoflurane, 20.4±8.9 ng/mL, P<0.05; propofol, 20.5±11.8 ng/mL, P>0.05). However, no difference in EGL injury markers was observed between the sevoflurane and propofol groups at any time point. Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 concentrations did not show any temporal changes in either group. Conclusions Lung resection surgery with OLV produced EGL damage without any increase in inflammation. Although shedding of heparan sulfate induced by EGL injury during lung resection surgery with OLV, was less than propofol, it was not statistically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Jin Kim
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Eunsoo Kim
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Seung-Hoon Baek
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Hee Young Kim
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Joo-Yun Kim
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Juyeon Park
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Choi
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
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Burnstock G, Knight GE. The potential of P2X7 receptors as a therapeutic target, including inflammation and tumour progression. Purinergic Signal 2018; 14:1-18. [PMID: 29164451 PMCID: PMC5842154 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-017-9593-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Seven P2X ion channel nucleotide receptor subtypes have been cloned and characterised. P2X7 receptors (P2X7R) are unusual in that there are extra amino acids in the intracellular C terminus. Low concentrations of ATP open cation channels sometimes leading to cell proliferation, whereas high concentrations of ATP open large pores that release inflammatory cytokines and can lead to apoptotic cell death. Since many diseases involve inflammation and immune responses, and the P2X7R regulates inflammation, there has been recent interest in the pathophysiological roles of P2X7R and the potential of P2X7R antagonists to treat a variety of diseases. These include neurodegenerative diseases, psychiatric disorders, epilepsy and a number of diseases of peripheral organs, including the cardiovascular, airways, kidney, liver, bladder, skin and musculoskeletal. The potential of P2X7R drugs to treat tumour progression is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Burnstock
- Autonomic Neuroscience Centre, University College Medical School, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PF, UK.
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Gillian E Knight
- Autonomic Neuroscience Centre, University College Medical School, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PF, UK
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Wang X, Chen D. Purinergic Regulation of Neutrophil Function. Front Immunol 2018; 9:399. [PMID: 29545806 PMCID: PMC5837999 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purinergic signaling, which utilizes nucleotides (particularly ATP) and adenosine as transmitter molecules, plays an essential role in immune system. In the extracellular compartment, ATP predominantly functions as a pro-inflammatory molecule through activation of P2 receptors, whereas adenosine mostly functions as an anti-inflammatory molecule through activation of P1 receptors. Neutrophils are the most abundant immune cells in circulation and have emerged as an important component in orchestrating a complex series of events during inflammation. However, because of the destructive nature of neutrophil-derived inflammatory agents, neutrophil activation is fine-tuned, and purinergic signaling is intimately involved in this process. Indeed, shifting the balance between P2 and P1 signaling is critical for neutrophils to appropriately exert their immunologic activity. Here, we review the role of purinergic signaling in regulating neutrophil function, and discuss the potential of targeting purinergic signaling for the treatment of neutrophil-associated infectious and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Deyu Chen
- Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Savio LEB, de Andrade Mello P, da Silva CG, Coutinho-Silva R. The P2X7 Receptor in Inflammatory Diseases: Angel or Demon? Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:52. [PMID: 29467654 PMCID: PMC5808178 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 293] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Under physiological conditions, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is present at low levels in the extracellular milieu, being massively released by stressed or dying cells. Once outside the cells, ATP and related nucleotides/nucleoside generated by ectonucleotidases mediate a high evolutionary conserved signaling system: the purinergic signaling, which is involved in a variety of pathological conditions, including inflammatory diseases. Extracellular ATP has been considered an endogenous adjuvant that can initiate inflammation by acting as a danger signal through the activation of purinergic type 2 receptors-P2 receptors (P2Y G-protein coupled receptors and P2X ligand-gated ion channels). Among the P2 receptors, the P2X7 receptor is the most extensively studied from an immunological perspective, being involved in both innate and adaptive immune responses. P2X7 receptor activation induces large-scale ATP release via its intrinsic ability to form a membrane pore or in association with pannexin hemichannels, boosting purinergic signaling. ATP acting via P2X7 receptor is the second signal to the inflammasome activation, inducing both maturation and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β and IL-18, and the production of reactive nitrogen and oxygen species. Furthermore, the P2X7 receptor is involved in caspases activation, as well as in apoptosis induction. During adaptive immune response, P2X7 receptor modulates the balance between the generation of T helper type 17 (Th17) and T regulatory (Treg) lymphocytes. Therefore, this receptor is involved in several inflammatory pathological conditions. In infectious diseases and cancer, P2X7 receptor can have different and contrasting effects, being an angel or a demon depending on its level of activation, cell studied, type of pathogen, and severity of infection. In neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases, P2X7 upregulation and function appears to contribute to disease progression. In this review, we deeply discuss P2X7 receptor dual function and its pharmacological modulation in the context of different pathologies, and we also highlight the P2X7 receptor as a potential target to treat inflammatory related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz E B Savio
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paola de Andrade Mello
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Cleide Gonçalves da Silva
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Robson Coutinho-Silva
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Regulation of influenza virus replication by Wnt/β-catenin signaling. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191010. [PMID: 29324866 PMCID: PMC5764324 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Wnt/β-catenin signaling is an essential pathway in cell cycle control. Dysregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway during viral infection has been reported. In this study, we examined the effect of modulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling during influenza virus infection. The activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway by Wnt3a increased influenza virus mRNA and virus production in in vitro in mouse lung epithelial E10 cells and mRNA expresson of influenza virus genes in vivo in the lungs of mice infected with influenza virus A/Puerto Rico/8/34. However, the inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by iCRT14 reduced virus titer and viral gene expression in human lung epithelial A549 cells and viral replication in primary mouse alveolar epithelial cells infected with different influenza virus strains. Knockdown of β-catenin also reduced viral protein expression and virus production. iCRT14 acts at the early stage of virus replication. Treatment with iCRT14 inhibited the expression of the viral genes (vRNA, cRNA and mRNA) evaluated in this study. The intraperitoneal administration of iCRT14 reduced viral load, improved clinical signs, and partially protected mice from influenza virus infection.
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Jia J, Qin H, Zang B. Effects of high-tidal-volume mechanical ventilation on the expression of P 2X 7 receptor and inflammatory response in lung tissue of rats. EUR J INFLAMM 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/2058739218795945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ventilator-induced lung injury is a severe complication mainly caused from mechanical ventilation (MV), associated with the upregulation of inflammation response. The mechanism still remains unclear. This study aims to explore the effects of pathological damage, neutrophil infiltration, expression of P2X7 receptor, and activation of Caspase-1 in lung tissue using a rat model. Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into sham group, conventional MV group, and high-tidal-volume ventilation group and fed with clean water and rat food. The sham group received tracheotomy without MV; conventional MV group was given 7 mL/kg tidal volume ventilation, and high-tidal-volume MV group was given 28 mL/kg tidal volume ventilation. All the rats were sacrificed after 4 h of ventilation or spontaneous breath. Lung wet/dry ratio was measured, and paraffin sections were prepared for pathological injury assessment and immunohistochemistry of P2X7 and myeloperoxidase levels. Lung homogenate was used for Western blot analysis of P2X7 receptor and Caspase-1 levels and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of P2X7 gene expression level. Compared to sham group and conventional MV group, high-tidal-volume MV led to an increase in lung wet/dry ratio and histology score. High-tidal-volume ventilation also led to chemotaxis of neutrophils. The expression levels of protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) of P2X7 receptor were significantly upregulated. Cleaved-caspase-1 expression was also upregulated. All data provide the evidence that high-tidal-volume MV can lead to lung injury, neutrophils infiltration, and upregulation of cleaved-Caspase-1 level. This result may be related to the upregulation of P2X7 receptor expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Jia
- Intensive Care Unit, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hanyu Qin
- Intensive Care Unit, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bin Zang
- Intensive Care Unit, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Jiao Y, Li Z, Loughran PA, Fan EK, Scott MJ, Li Y, Billiar TR, Wilson MA, Shi X, Fan J. Frontline Science: Macrophage-derived exosomes promote neutrophil necroptosis following hemorrhagic shock. J Leukoc Biol 2017; 103:175-183. [PMID: 28801344 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.3hi0517-173r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemorrhagic shock (HS) renders patients susceptible to development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) through mechanisms that are, as yet, unclear. Cell necroptosis, a form of regulated inflammatory cell death, is one of the mechanisms that controls cell release of inflammatory mediators from innate immune cells, such as polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs), and critically regulates the progress of inflammation. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of alveolar macrophage (AMϕ) effects on PMN necroptosis following HS. With the use of in vivo and ex vivo HS models, we reveal a novel function of shock-activated AMϕ in promoting PMN necroptosis. We demonstrate that exosomes released from HS-activated AMϕ induce mainly NADPH oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) production inside PMNs and subsequent promotion of necroptosis. These findings explore a previously unidentified pathway of AMϕ-PMN cross-talk, which causes enhanced PMN necroptosis and subsequent exaggerated post-HS lung inflammation. The targeting of this PMN death pathway may serve as a new therapeutic strategy for treatment of post-HS SIRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Xinhua Hospital, Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Zhigang Li
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Research and Development, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Patricia A Loughran
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Erica K Fan
- University of Pittsburgh School of Arts and Science, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Melanie J Scott
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yuehua Li
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Research and Development, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Timothy R Billiar
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mark A Wilson
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Research and Development, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Xueyin Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Xinhua Hospital, Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Fan
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Research and Development, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Duan JX, Zhou Y, Zhou AY, Guan XX, Liu T, Yang HH, Xie H, Chen P. Calcitonin gene-related peptide exerts anti-inflammatory property through regulating murine macrophages polarization in vitro. Mol Immunol 2017; 91:105-113. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2017.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Burnstock G. Purinergic Signalling: Therapeutic Developments. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:661. [PMID: 28993732 PMCID: PMC5622197 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purinergic signalling, i.e., the role of nucleotides as extracellular signalling molecules, was proposed in 1972. However, this concept was not well accepted until the early 1990's when receptor subtypes for purines and pyrimidines were cloned and characterised, which includes four subtypes of the P1 (adenosine) receptor, seven subtypes of P2X ion channel receptors and 8 subtypes of the P2Y G protein-coupled receptor. Early studies were largely concerned with the physiology, pharmacology and biochemistry of purinergic signalling. More recently, the focus has been on the pathophysiology and therapeutic potential. There was early recognition of the use of P1 receptor agonists for the treatment of supraventricular tachycardia and A2A receptor antagonists are promising for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Clopidogrel, a P2Y12 antagonist, is widely used for the treatment of thrombosis and stroke, blocking P2Y12 receptor-mediated platelet aggregation. Diquafosol, a long acting P2Y2 receptor agonist, is being used for the treatment of dry eye. P2X3 receptor antagonists have been developed that are orally bioavailable and stable in vivo and are currently in clinical trials for the treatment of chronic cough, bladder incontinence, visceral pain and hypertension. Antagonists to P2X7 receptors are being investigated for the treatment of inflammatory disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases. Other investigations are in progress for the use of purinergic agents for the treatment of osteoporosis, myocardial infarction, irritable bowel syndrome, epilepsy, atherosclerosis, depression, autism, diabetes, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Burnstock
- Autonomic Neuroscience Centre, University College Medical SchoolLondon, United Kingdom
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, MelbourneVIC, Australia
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Wang X, Wu W, Zhang W, Leland Booth J, Duggan ES, Tian L, More S, Zhao YD, Sawh RN, Liu L, Zou MH, Metcalf JP. RIG-I overexpression decreases mortality of cigarette smoke exposed mice during influenza A virus infection. Respir Res 2017; 18:166. [PMID: 28865477 PMCID: PMC5581920 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-017-0649-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) is an important regulator of virus-induced antiviral interferons (IFNs) and proinflammatory cytokines which participate in clearing viral infections. Cigarette smoke (CS) exposure increases the frequency and severity of respiratory tract infections. Methods We generated a RIG-I transgenic (TG) mouse strain that expresses the RIG-I gene product under the control of the human lung specific surfactant protein C promoter. We compared the mortality and host immune responses of RIG-I TG mice and their litter-matched wild type (WT) mice following challenge with influenza A virus (IAV). Results RIG-I overexpression increased survival of IAV-infected mice. CS exposure increased mortality in WT mice infected with IAV. Remarkably, the effect of RIG-I overexpression on survival during IAV infection was enhanced in CS-exposed animals. CS-exposed IAV-infected WT mice had a suppressed innate response profile in the lung compared to sham-exposed IAV-infected WT mice in terms of the protein concentration, total cell count and inflammatory cell composition in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. RIG-I overexpression restored the innate immune response in CS-exposed mice to that seen in sham-exposed WT mice during IAV infection, and is likely responsible for enhanced survival in RIG-I TG mice as restoration preceded death of the animals. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that RIG-I overexpression in mice is protective for CS enhanced susceptibility of smokers to influenza infection, and that CS mediated RIG-I suppression may be partially responsible for the increased morbidity and mortality of the mice exposed to IAV. Thus, optimizing the RIG-I response may be an important treatment strategy for CS-enhanced lung infections, particularly those due to IAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiu Wang
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Wenxin Wu
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - J Leland Booth
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Elizabeth S Duggan
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Lili Tian
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Sunil More
- The Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Yan D Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Ravindranauth N Sawh
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.,Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Lin Liu
- The Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Ming-Hui Zou
- Center of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jordan P Metcalf
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA. .,Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA. .,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
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Feriotti C, de Araújo EF, Loures FV, da Costa TA, Galdino NADL, Zamboni DS, Calich VLG. NOD-Like Receptor P3 Inflammasome Controls Protective Th1/Th17 Immunity against Pulmonary Paracoccidioidomycosis. Front Immunol 2017; 8:786. [PMID: 28740491 PMCID: PMC5502381 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The NOD-like receptor P3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is an intracellular multimeric complex that triggers the activation of inflammatory caspases and the maturation of IL-1β and IL-18, important cytokines for the innate immune response against pathogens. The functional NLRP3 inflammasome complex consists of NLRP3, the adaptor protein apoptosis-associated speck-like protein, and caspase-1. Various molecular mechanisms were associated with NLRP3 activation including the presence of extracellular ATP, recognized by the cell surface P2X7 receptor (P2X7R). Several pattern recognition receptors on innate immune cells recognize Paracoccidioides brasiliensis components resulting in diverse responses that influence adaptive immunity and disease outcome. However, the role of NLRP3 inflammasome was scantily investigated in pulmonary paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), leading us to use an intratracheal (i.t.) model of infection to study the influence of this receptor in anti-fungal immunity and severity of infection. For in vivo studies, C57BL/6 mice deficient for several NLRP3 inflammasome components (Nlrp3−/−, Casp1/11−/−, Asc−/−) as well as deficient for ATP receptor (P2x7r−/−) were infected via i.t. with P. brasiliensis and several parameters of immunity and disease severity analyzed at the acute and chronic periods of infection. Pulmonary PCM was more severe in Nlrp3−/−, Casp1/11−/−, Asc−/−, and P2x7r−/− mice as demonstrated by the increased fungal burdens, mortality rates and tissue pathology developed. The more severe disease developed by NLRP3, ASC, and Caspase-1/11 deficient mice was associated with decreased production of IL-1β and IL-18 and reduced inflammatory reactions mediated by PMN leukocytes and activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. The decreased T cell immunity was concomitant with increased expansion of CD4+CD25+Foxp3 regulatory T (Treg) cells. Characterization of intracellular cytokines showed a persistent reduction of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells expressing IFN-γ and IL-17 whereas those producing IL-4 and TGF-β appeared in increased frequencies. Histopathological studies showed that all deficient mouse strains developed more severe lesions containing elevated numbers of budding yeast cells resulting in increased mortality rates. Altogether, these findings led us to conclude that the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome has a crucial role in the immunoprotection against pulmonary PCM by promoting the expansion of Th1/Th17 immunity and reducing the suppressive control mediated by Treg cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Feriotti
- Department of Immunology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Dario Simões Zamboni
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Hasan D, Blankman P, Nieman GF. Purinergic signalling links mechanical breath profile and alveolar mechanics with the pro-inflammatory innate immune response causing ventilation-induced lung injury. Purinergic Signal 2017; 13:363-386. [PMID: 28547381 PMCID: PMC5563293 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-017-9564-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe pulmonary infection or vigorous cyclic deformation of the alveolar epithelial type I (AT I) cells by mechanical ventilation leads to massive extracellular ATP release. High levels of extracellular ATP saturate the ATP hydrolysis enzymes CD39 and CD73 resulting in persistent high ATP levels despite the conversion to adenosine. Above a certain level, extracellular ATP molecules act as danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and activate the pro-inflammatory response of the innate immunity through purinergic receptors on the surface of the immune cells. This results in lung tissue inflammation, capillary leakage, interstitial and alveolar oedema and lung injury reducing the production of surfactant by the damaged AT II cells and deactivating the surfactant function by the concomitant extravasated serum proteins through capillary leakage followed by a substantial increase in alveolar surface tension and alveolar collapse. The resulting inhomogeneous ventilation of the lungs is an important mechanism in the development of ventilation-induced lung injury. The high levels of extracellular ATP and the upregulation of ecto-enzymes and soluble enzymes that hydrolyse ATP to adenosine (CD39 and CD73) increase the extracellular adenosine levels that inhibit the innate and adaptive immune responses rendering the host susceptible to infection by invading microorganisms. Moreover, high levels of extracellular adenosine increase the expression, the production and the activation of pro-fibrotic proteins (such as TGF-β, α-SMA, etc.) followed by the establishment of lung fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djo Hasan
- Department of Adult ICU, University Hospital Erasmus MC Rotterdam, 's-Gravendijkwal 230 3015 CE, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Paul Blankman
- Department of Adult ICU, University Hospital Erasmus MC Rotterdam, 's-Gravendijkwal 230 3015 CE, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gary F Nieman
- Department of Surgery, Upstate Medical University, 750 E Adams St, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
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