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Liu Y, Song Y, Cheng X, Guo X, Yun S, Lu Y, Li M, Wang J, Zou J. A cytokine-like factor 1 homolog acts as a macrophage chemoattractant in grass carp. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 151:109722. [PMID: 38925447 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Cytokine-like factor 1 (CYTL1) is a small cytokine and has diverse biological functions in mammals. However, whether CYTL1 exists in lower vertebrates is not clear. In this study, we identified cytl homologs in fish and characterized the immune functions in a teleost species, grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). Fish CYTL1 homologs share conserved molecular features with their mammalian counterparts, including 6 cysteine residues in the mature peptide, genomic organization and synteny. Gene expression analysis revealed that cytl1 was constitutively expressed in tissues of grass carp, with the highest expression detected in the heart. Upon infection with Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila), cytl1 was downregulated in the hindgut, head kidney, skin, and spleen. In the primary head kidney leukocytes (HKLs), stimulation with inactivated A. hydrophila, LPS, poly(I:C), IL-22, IFN-a or IFN-γrel resulted in downregulation of cytl1 expression. Recombinant grass carp CYTL1 protein produced in the HEK293-F cells was potent to induce il-10 expression, but had little effect on the expression of il-1β and il-6. In vivo experiments revealed that CYTL1 was effective to recruit macrophages to the muscle injected with cytl expression plasmids. Taken together, our results indicate that CYTL1 is a potent chemokine for recruitment of macrophages in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yunjie Song
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Xingxing Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Xu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Shengran Yun
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yanan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Mingjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Junya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Jun Zou
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, 266200, China.
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2
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Ba X, Ye T, Shang H, Tong Y, Huang Q, He Y, Wu J, Deng W, Zhong Z, Yang X, Wang K, Xie Y, Zhang Y, Guo X, Tang K. Recent Advances in Nanomaterials for the Treatment of Acute Kidney Injury. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:12117-12148. [PMID: 38421602 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c19308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious clinical syndrome with high morbidity, elevated mortality, and poor prognosis, commonly considered a "sword of Damocles" for hospitalized patients, especially those in intensive care units. Oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis, caused by the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), play a key role in AKI progression. Hence, the investigation of effective and safe antioxidants and inflammatory regulators to scavenge overexpressed ROS and regulate excessive inflammation has become a promising therapeutic option. However, the unique physiological structure and complex pathological alterations in the kidneys render traditional therapies ineffective, impeding the residence and efficacy of most antioxidant and anti-inflammatory small molecule drugs within the renal milieu. Recently, nanotherapeutic interventions have emerged as a promising and prospective strategy for AKI, overcoming traditional treatment dilemmas through alterations in size, shape, charge, and surface modifications. This Review succinctly summarizes the latest advancements in nanotherapeutic approaches for AKI, encompassing nanozymes, ROS scavenger nanomaterials, MSC-EVs, and nanomaterials loaded with antioxidants and inflammatory regulator. Following this, strategies aimed at enhancing biocompatibility and kidney targeting are introduced. Furthermore, a brief discussion on the current challenges and future prospects in this research field is presented, providing a comprehensive overview of the evolving landscape of nanotherapeutic interventions for AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhuo Ba
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Tao Ye
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Haojie Shang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yonghua Tong
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Qiu Huang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yu He
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Wen Deng
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zichen Zhong
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiaoqi Yang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Kangyang Wang
- Department of Urology, Wenchang People's Hospital, Wenchang 571300, Hainan Province, China
| | - Yabin Xie
- Department of Urology, Wenchang People's Hospital, Wenchang 571300, Hainan Province, China
| | - Yanlong Zhang
- GuiZhou University Medical College, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Xiaolin Guo
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Kun Tang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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3
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Aleotti A, Goulty M, Lewis C, Giorgini F, Feuda R. The origin, evolution, and molecular diversity of the chemokine system. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302471. [PMID: 38228369 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemokine signalling performs key functions in cell migration via chemoattraction, such as attracting leukocytes to the site of infection during host defence. The system consists of a ligand, the chemokine, usually secreted outside the cell, and a chemokine receptor on the surface of a target cell that recognises the ligand. Several noncanonical components interact with the system. These include a variety of molecules that usually share some degree of sequence similarity with canonical components and, in some cases, are known to bind to canonical components and/or to modulate cell migration. Whereas canonical components have been described in vertebrate lineages, the distribution of the noncanonical components is less clear. Uncertainty over the relationships between canonical and noncanonical components hampers our understanding of the evolution of the system. We used phylogenetic methods, including gene-tree to species-tree reconciliation, to untangle the relationships between canonical and noncanonical components, identify gene duplication events, and clarify the origin of the system. We found that unrelated ligand groups independently evolved chemokine-like functions. We found noncanonical ligands outside vertebrates, such as TAFA "chemokines" found in urochordates. In contrast, all receptor groups are vertebrate-specific and all-except ACKR1-originated from a common ancestor in early vertebrates. Both ligand and receptor copy numbers expanded through gene duplication events at the base of jawed vertebrates, with subsequent waves of innovation occurring in bony fish and mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Aleotti
- https://ror.org/04h699437 Neurogenetics Group, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- https://ror.org/04h699437 Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Matthew Goulty
- https://ror.org/04h699437 Neurogenetics Group, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- https://ror.org/04h699437 Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Clifton Lewis
- https://ror.org/04h699437 Neurogenetics Group, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- https://ror.org/04h699437 Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Flaviano Giorgini
- https://ror.org/04h699437 Neurogenetics Group, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- https://ror.org/04h699437 Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Roberto Feuda
- https://ror.org/04h699437 Neurogenetics Group, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- https://ror.org/04h699437 Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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4
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Hong Z, Wen P, Wang K, Wei X, Xie W, Rao S, Chen X, Hou J, Zhuo H. The macrophage-associated prognostic gene ANXA5 promotes immunotherapy resistance in gastric cancer through angiogenesis. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:141. [PMID: 38287304 PMCID: PMC10823665 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-11878-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) remains a predominant form of malignant tumor globally, necessitating innovative non-surgical therapeutic approaches. This investigation aimed to delineate the expression landscape of macrophage-associated genes in GC and to evaluate their prognostic significance and influence on immunotherapeutic responsiveness. Utilizing the CellMarker2.0 database, we identified 69 immune cell markers with prognostic relevance in GC, including 12 macrophage-specific genes. A Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) isolated 3,181 genes correlated with these macrophage markers. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA-STAD) dataset was employed as the training set, while data from the GSE62254 served as the validation cohort. 13 genes were shortlisted through LASSO-Cox regression to formulate a prognostic model. Multivariable Cox regression substantiated that the calculated risk score serves as an imperative independent predictor of overall survival (OS). Distinct macrophage infiltration profiles, pathway associations, treatment susceptibilities, and drug sensitivities were observed between high- and low-risk groups. The preliminary validation of ANXA5 in predicting the survival rates of GC patients at 1 year, 3 years, and 5 years, as well as its expression levels were higher and role in promoting tumor angiogenesis in GC through immunohistochemistry and angiogenesis experiments. In summary, macrophage-related genes were potentially a novel crosstalk mechanism between macrophages and endothelial cells in the tumor microenvironment, and the interplay between inflammation and angiogenesis might have also offered new therapeutic targets, providing a new avenue for personalized treatment interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Hong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, School of Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Municipal Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Oncology, 361004, Xiamen, China
| | - Peizhen Wen
- Department of General Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, 200003, Shanghai, China
| | - Kang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, School of Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Municipal Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Oncology, 361004, Xiamen, China
| | - Xujin Wei
- The Graduate School, Fujian Medical University, 350004, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wen Xie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, School of Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Municipal Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Oncology, 361004, Xiamen, China
| | - Shihao Rao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, School of Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Municipal Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Oncology, 361004, Xiamen, China
| | - Xin Chen
- The Graduate School, Fujian Medical University, 350004, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Hou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, School of Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
- Xiamen Municipal Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Oncology, 361004, Xiamen, China.
| | - Huiqin Zhuo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, School of Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
- Xiamen Municipal Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Oncology, 361004, Xiamen, China.
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5
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Zhang M, Pan X, Jung W, Halpern AR, Eichhorn SW, Lei Z, Cohen L, Smith KA, Tasic B, Yao Z, Zeng H, Zhuang X. Molecularly defined and spatially resolved cell atlas of the whole mouse brain. Nature 2023; 624:343-354. [PMID: 38092912 PMCID: PMC10719103 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06808-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
In mammalian brains, millions to billions of cells form complex interaction networks to enable a wide range of functions. The enormous diversity and intricate organization of cells have impeded our understanding of the molecular and cellular basis of brain function. Recent advances in spatially resolved single-cell transcriptomics have enabled systematic mapping of the spatial organization of molecularly defined cell types in complex tissues1-3, including several brain regions (for example, refs. 1-11). However, a comprehensive cell atlas of the whole brain is still missing. Here we imaged a panel of more than 1,100 genes in approximately 10 million cells across the entire adult mouse brains using multiplexed error-robust fluorescence in situ hybridization12 and performed spatially resolved, single-cell expression profiling at the whole-transcriptome scale by integrating multiplexed error-robust fluorescence in situ hybridization and single-cell RNA sequencing data. Using this approach, we generated a comprehensive cell atlas of more than 5,000 transcriptionally distinct cell clusters, belonging to more than 300 major cell types, in the whole mouse brain with high molecular and spatial resolution. Registration of this atlas to the mouse brain common coordinate framework allowed systematic quantifications of the cell-type composition and organization in individual brain regions. We further identified spatial modules characterized by distinct cell-type compositions and spatial gradients featuring gradual changes of cells. Finally, this high-resolution spatial map of cells, each with a transcriptome-wide expression profile, allowed us to infer cell-type-specific interactions between hundreds of cell-type pairs and predict molecular (ligand-receptor) basis and functional implications of these cell-cell interactions. These results provide rich insights into the molecular and cellular architecture of the brain and a foundation for functional investigations of neural circuits and their dysfunction in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Xingjie Pan
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Won Jung
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Aaron R Halpern
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Stephen W Eichhorn
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Zhiyun Lei
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Limor Cohen
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Zizhen Yao
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Hongkui Zeng
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Xiaowei Zhuang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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6
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He S, Yao L, Li J. Role of MCP-1/CCR2 axis in renal fibrosis: Mechanisms and therapeutic targeting. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35613. [PMID: 37861543 PMCID: PMC10589562 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a common pathological manifestation in various chronic kidney diseases. Inflammation plays a central role in renal fibrosis development. Owing to their significant participation in inflammation and autoimmunity, chemokines have always been the hot spot and focus of scientific research and clinical intervention. Among the chemokines, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), also known as C-C motif chemokine ligand 2, together with its main receptor C-C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2) are important chemokines in renal fibrosis. The MCP-1/CCR2 axis is activated when MCP-1 binds to CCR2. Activation of MCP-1/CCR2 axis can induce chemotaxis and activation of inflammatory cells, and initiate a series of signaling cascades in renal fibrosis. It mediates and promotes renal fibrosis by recruiting monocyte, promoting the activation and transdifferentiation of macrophages. This review summarizes the complex physical processes of MCP-1/CCR2 axis in renal fibrosis and addresses its general mechanism in renal fibrosis by using specific examples, together with the progress of targeting MCP-1/CCR2 in renal fibrosis with a view to providing a new direction for renal fibrosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang He
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
- Basic and Applied Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, China
| | - Lan Yao
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
- Blood Purification Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jun Li
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
- Basic and Applied Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, China
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7
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da Silva LS, Germano DB, Fonseca FAH, Shio MT, da Silva Nali LH, Tuleta ID, Juliano Y, de Oliveira Izar MC, Ribeiro AP, Kato JT, do Amaral JB, França CN. Persistence of a proinflammatory status after treatment of the acute myocardial infarction. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23:700-707. [PMID: 37522226 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the lipid-lowering and antiplatelet combined strategies on the expression of the receptors CCR2, CCR5, and CX3CR1 and the percentage of CCR2, CCR5, and CX3CR1 cells in monocyte subtypes after acute myocardial infarction. METHODS Prospective, randomized, open-label study, with blinded analyses of endpoints (PROBE, ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02428374, registration date: April 28, 2015). Participants were treated with rosuvastatin 20 mg or simvastatin 40 mg plus ezetimibe 10 mg, as well as ticagrelor 90 mg or clopidogrel 75 mg. The chemokine receptors CCR2, CCR5, and CX3CR1 were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction as well as the percentages of CCR2, CCR5, and CX3CR1 cells in the monocyte subtypes (classical, intermediate, and non-classical), which were quantified by flow cytometry, at baseline, and after 1 and 6 months of treatment. RESULTS After comparisons between the three visits, regardless of the treatment arm, there was an increase in CCR2 expression after treatment, as well as an increase in intermediate monocytes CCR2+ and a reduction in non-classical monocytes CCR2+ at the end of treatment. There was also a lower expression of CCR5 after treatment and an increase in classical and non-classical monocytes CCR5+. Concerning CX3CR1, there were no differences in the expression after treatment; however, there were reductions in the percentage of intermediate and non-classical monocytes CX3CR1+ at the end of treatment. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest the persistence of the inflammatory phenotype, known as trained immunity, even with the highly-effective lipid-lowering and antiplatelet therapies. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23: 700-707.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marina Tiemi Shio
- Post Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santo Amaro University, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Izabela Dorota Tuleta
- Department of Medicine-Cardiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Yára Juliano
- Post Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santo Amaro University, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Paula Ribeiro
- Post Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santo Amaro University, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Tieko Kato
- Medicine Department, Cardiology Division, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jônatas Bussador do Amaral
- ENT Research Laboratory, Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Department, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Nunes França
- Post Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santo Amaro University, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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8
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Zhang M, Pan X, Jung W, Halpern A, Eichhorn SW, Lei Z, Cohen L, Smith KA, Tasic B, Yao Z, Zeng H, Zhuang X. A molecularly defined and spatially resolved cell atlas of the whole mouse brain. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.06.531348. [PMID: 36945367 PMCID: PMC10028822 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.06.531348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
In mammalian brains, tens of millions to billions of cells form complex interaction networks to enable a wide range of functions. The enormous diversity and intricate organization of cells in the brain have so far hindered our understanding of the molecular and cellular basis of its functions. Recent advances in spatially resolved single-cell transcriptomics have allowed systematic mapping of the spatial organization of molecularly defined cell types in complex tissues1-3. However, these approaches have only been applied to a few brain regions1-11 and a comprehensive cell atlas of the whole brain is still missing. Here, we imaged a panel of >1,100 genes in ~8 million cells across the entire adult mouse brain using multiplexed error-robust fluorescence in situ hybridization (MERFISH)12 and performed spatially resolved, single-cell expression profiling at the whole-transcriptome scale by integrating MERFISH and single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) data. Using this approach, we generated a comprehensive cell atlas of >5,000 transcriptionally distinct cell clusters, belonging to ~300 major cell types, in the whole mouse brain with high molecular and spatial resolution. Registration of the MERFISH images to the common coordinate framework (CCF) of the mouse brain further allowed systematic quantifications of the cell composition and organization in individual brain regions defined in the CCF. We further identified spatial modules characterized by distinct cell-type compositions and spatial gradients featuring gradual changes in the gene-expression profiles of cells. Finally, this high-resolution spatial map of cells, with a transcriptome-wide expression profile associated with each cell, allowed us to infer cell-type-specific interactions between several hundred pairs of molecularly defined cell types and predict potential molecular (ligand-receptor) basis and functional implications of these cell-cell interactions. These results provide rich insights into the molecular and cellular architecture of the brain and a valuable resource for future functional investigations of neural circuits and their dysfunction in diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Xingjie Pan
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Won Jung
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Aaron Halpern
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Stephen W. Eichhorn
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Zhiyun Lei
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Limor Cohen
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | | | - Bosiljka Tasic
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Zizhen Yao
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Hongkui Zeng
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Xiaowei Zhuang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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Cytokine-Like Protein 1 (CYTL1) as a Key Target of M-Stage Immune Infiltration in Stomach Adenocarcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:2926218. [PMID: 36825034 PMCID: PMC9941682 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2926218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Background Stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) has an extremely high fatality rate worldwide, and survival after metastasis is extremely poor. Cytokine-like protein 1 (CYTL1) has prognostic significance in various tumors. We aimed to explore the impact and underlying molecular mechanisms of CYTL1 in STAD through bioinformatics analysis. Methods We used R software to analyze CYTL1 expression in STAD samples (n = 375) and normal samples (n = 32) in The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to verify the relationship between CYTL1 expression and overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) based on the clinical characteristics and subgroups of patients with STAD. Furthermore, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to verify the outcome variables of OS and DSS in patients with STAD. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to test the predictive power of CYTL1. The biological functions and signaling pathways of CYTL1 were determined using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and the immune infiltration patterns of CYTL1 and correlation of immune-related markers were analyzed using single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA) and an estimate algorithm. Results In our research, low CYTL1 expression (tumor vs. normal) was noted in patients with STAD. High CYTL1 expression was detrimental to OS and DSS and had good diagnostic performance (AUC = 0.731). In the subtype analysis of STAD, T3 and T4 stages, N0 and N1 stages, M0 stage, gender (female), and age (≤65 years) showed different performances between OS and DSS. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses identified CYTL1 as an independent factor, and logistic regression analysis indicated that CYTL1 was associated with M stage (OR = 3.406) and sex (OR = 1.535). GSEA of the differential genes of CYTL1 showed the possible involvement of immunity. ssGSEA and estimation algorithms were used to further evaluate whether immune cells were closely related to CYTL1 expression, and many markers of immune cells also had statistical significance with the expression of CYTL1. Conclusion CYTL1 may, thus, act as an independent prognostic factor for STAD and regulate STAD progression by affecting the immune microenvironment.
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10
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Khan M, Lin J, Wang B, Chen C, Huang Z, Tian Y, Yuan Y, Bu J. A novel necroptosis-related gene index for predicting prognosis and a cold tumor immune microenvironment in stomach adenocarcinoma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:968165. [PMID: 36389725 PMCID: PMC9646549 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.968165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) represents a major global clinical problem with very limited therapeutic options and poor prognosis. Necroptosis, a recently discovered inflammatory form of cell death, has been implicated in carcinogenesis and inducing necroptosis has also been considered as a therapeutic strategy. Objective We aim to evaluate the role of this pathway in gastric cancer development, prognosis and immune aspects of its tumor microenvironment. Methods and results In this study, we evaluated the gene expression of 55 necroptosis-related genes (NRGs) that were identified via carrying out a comprehensive review of the medical literature. Necroptosis pathway was deregulated in gastric cancer samples (n=375) as compared to adjacent normal tissues (n=32) obtained from the “The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)”. Based on the expression of these NRGs, two molecular subtypes were obtained through consensus clustering that also showed significant prognostic difference. Differentially expressed genes between these two clusters were retrieved and subjected to prognostic evaluation via univariate cox regression analysis and LASSO cox regression analysis. A 13-gene risk signature, termed as necroptosis-related genes prognostic index (NRGPI), was constructed that comprehensively differentiated the gastric cancer patients into high- and low-risk subgroups. The prognostic significance of NRGPI was validated in the GEO cohort (GSE84437: n=408). The NRGPI-high subgroup was characterized by upregulation of 10 genes (CYTL1, PLCL1, CGB5, CNTN1, GRP, APOD, CST6, GPX3, FCN1, SERPINE1) and downregulation of 3 genes (EFNA3, E2F2, SOX14). Further dissection of these two risk groups by differential gene expression analysis indicated involvement of signaling pathways associated with cancer cell progression and immune suppression such as WNT and TGF-β signaling pathway. Para-inflammation and type-II interferon pathways were activated in NRGPI-high patients with an increased infiltration of Tregs and M2 macrophage indicating an exhausted immune phenotype of the tumor microenvironment. These molecular characteristics were mainly driven by the eight NRGPI oncogenes (CYTL1, PLCL1, CNTN1, GRP, APOD, GPX3, FCN1, SERPINE1) as validated in the gastric cancer cell lines and clinical samples. NRGPI-high patients showed sensitivity to a number of targeted agents, in particular, the tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Conclusions Necroptosis appears to play a critical role in the development of gastric cancer, prognosis and shaping of its tumor immune microenvironment. NRGPI can be used as a promising prognostic biomarker to identify gastric cancer patients with a cold tumor immune microenvironment and poor prognosis who may response to selected molecular targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Khan
- Department of Oncology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baiyao Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengcong Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhong Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunhong Tian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yawei Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Junguo Bu, ; Yawei Yuan,
| | - Junguo Bu
- Department of Oncology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Junguo Bu, ; Yawei Yuan,
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11
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Intracellular CYTL1, a novel tumor suppressor, stabilizes NDUFV1 to inhibit metabolic reprogramming in breast cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:35. [PMID: 35115484 PMCID: PMC8813937 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00856-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations frequently occur in tumor suppressor genes, i.e., p53, during the malignant progression of various cancers. Whether any intrinsic suppressor carries a rare mutation is largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that intracellular cytokine-like protein 1 (CYTL1) plays a key role in preventing the robust glycolytic switching characteristic of breast cancer. A low intracellular CYTL1 level, not its mutation, is required for metabolic reprogramming. Breast cancer cells expressing an intracellular form of CYTL1 lacking a 1-22 aa signal peptide, ΔCYTL1, show significantly attenuated glucose uptake and lactate production, which is linked to the inhibition of cell growth and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, CYTL1 competitively binds the N-terminal sequence of NDUFV1 to block MDM2-mediated degradation by the proteasome, leading to the stability of the NDUFV1 protein. In addition to inducing increased NAD+ levels, NDUFV1 interacts with Src to attenuate LDHA phosphorylation at tyrosine 10 and reduce lactate production. Our results reveal, for the first time, that CYTL1 is a novel tumor suppressor. Its function in reversing metabolic reprogramming toward glycolysis may be very important for the development of novel antitumor strategies.
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12
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Abnormal monocyte differentiation and function in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Curr Opin Hematol 2022; 29:20-26. [PMID: 34854831 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Monocytes serve as the phagocytic defense surveillance system of the human body. Although there is comprehensive evidence regarding monocyte development, characterization and function under steady state hematopoietic continuum, the deviations and complexities in the monocyte secretome during myeloid malignancies have not been comprehensively examined and delineated. RECENT FINDINGS This review summarizes the aspects of development, functions, transcriptional and cytokine-mediated regulation of monocytes during steady state hematopoiesis and also contrasts the aberrations observed in myelomonocytic leukemias like chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML). It presents the findings from the major studies highlighting the novel markers for identifying CMML monocytes, altered signaling cascades, roles in disease progression and potential therapeutic interventions to reduce the monocyte mediated inflammatory milieu for disease amelioration. SUMMARY Recent findings provide rationale for the development of therapeutic strategies aimed at disrupting the leukemic initiating cells and malignant monocyte axis.
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13
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Sun JS, Wang WW, Lian HK. The Clinical Significance of Changes in Serum New Cytokine CYTL1 in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:5105-5109. [PMID: 34511992 PMCID: PMC8420777 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s322370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The present study aims to investigate the clinical significance of changes in the expression of new cytokine-like 1 (CYTL1) in the serum of patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Methods A total of 182 patients with KOA, including 84 males and 98 females aged 39–86 with an average age of 66.4 ± 9.7 and an average body mass index (BMI) of 24.9 ± 2.4 kg/m2, were enrolled in the study. The patients were divided into three subgroups: the grade II subgroup (n = 23), grade III subgroup (n = 63), and grade IV subgroup (n = 96) based on severity, as calculated by the Kellgren and Lawrence (K&L) classification system. In addition, 152 volunteers from our health center who came in for physical examination were selected as the control group, including 70 males and 82 females aged 37–82 with an average age of 63.4 ± 9.5 and an average BMI of 24.8 ± 2.2 kg/m2. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was adopted to detect the serum CYTL1 levels, and the correlation between CYTL1 and the severity of KOA was analyzed. Results The serum level of CYTL1 was significantly lower in the KOA group than in the control group (P < 0.05). In the KOA group, the difference in the serum level of CYTL1 was statistically significant between the subgroups and decreased significantly with an increase in the severity of the disease (F = 54.826, P < 0.001). Therefore, the serum level of CYTL1 was correlated with the severity of the disease, as determined by the K&L classification system (r = −0.613, P < 0.001). Conclusion The serum levels of CYTL1 are strongly correlated with the severity of the disease in patients with KOA and could be a new therapeutic target for KOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Sheng Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Wei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Kai Lian
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhengzhou Central Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, People's Republic of China
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14
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Cytokine-like protein 1-induced survival of monocytes suggests a combined strategy targeting MCL1 and MAPK in CMML. Blood 2021; 137:3390-3402. [PMID: 33690800 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020008729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mouse models of chronic myeloid malignancies suggest that targeting mature cells of the malignant clone disrupts feedback loops that promote disease expansion. Here, we show that in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), monocytes that accumulate in the peripheral blood show a decreased propensity to die by apoptosis. BH3 profiling demonstrates their addiction to myeloid cell leukemia-1 (MCL1), which can be targeted with the small molecule inhibitor S63845. RNA sequencing and DNA methylation pattern analysis both point to the implication of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in the resistance of CMML monocytes to death and reveal an autocrine pathway in which the secreted cytokine-like protein 1 (CYTL1) promotes extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation through C-C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2). Combined MAPK and MCL1 inhibition restores apoptosis of monocytes from patients with CMML and reduces the expansion of patient-derived xenografts in mice. These results show that the combined inhibition of MCL1 and MAPK is a promising approach to slow down CMML progression by inducing leukemic monocyte apoptosis.
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15
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Xue H, Li S, Zhao X, Guo F, Jiang L, Wang Y, Zhu F. CYTL1 Promotes the Activation of Neutrophils in a Sepsis Model. Inflammation 2020; 43:274-285. [PMID: 31823178 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-019-01116-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
As a novel cytokine, cytokine-like 1 (CYTL1) is a classical secretory protein, and its potential biological function remains to be determined. In this study, we found that expression of CYTL1 was upregulated in neutrophils upon inflammatory stimuli. We demonstrated that CYTL1 enhanced phagocytosis of Escherichia coli by activated neutrophils both in vivo and in vitro through phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt). CYTL1-induced chemotactic activity in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated neutrophils, and the mechanism may be related to CC chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) mediated action. CYTL1 also increased the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in LPS-stimulated neutrophils. These data indicate that upon inflammatory stimulation, neutrophil-derived CYTL1 may play a crucial role in the activation of neutrophils during pathogenic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Xue
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shu Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiujuan Zhao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fuzheng Guo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lilei Jiang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yaxin Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fengxue Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China. .,Trauma Medicine Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Fecal transplantation and butyrate improve neuropathic pain, modify immune cell profile, and gene expression in the PNS of obese mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:26482-26493. [PMID: 33020290 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2006065117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity affects over 2 billion people worldwide and is accompanied by peripheral neuropathy (PN) and an associated poorer quality of life. Despite high prevalence, the molecular mechanisms underlying the painful manifestations of PN are poorly understood, and therapies are restricted to use of painkillers or other drugs that do not address the underlying disease. Studies have demonstrated that the gut microbiome is linked to metabolic health and its alteration is associated with many diseases, including obesity. Pathologic changes to the gut microbiome have recently been linked to somatosensory pain, but any relationships between gut microbiome and PN in obesity have yet to be explored. Our data show that mice fed a Western diet developed indices of PN that were attenuated by concurrent fecal microbiome transplantation (FMT). In addition, we observed changes in expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism and calcium handling in cells of the peripheral nerve system (PNS). FMT also induced changes in the immune cell populations of the PNS. There was a correlation between an increase in the circulating short-chain fatty acid butyrate and pain improvement following FMT. Additionally, butyrate modulated gene expression and immune cells in the PNS. Circulating butyrate was also negatively correlated with distal pain in 29 participants with varied body mass index. Our data suggest that the metabolite butyrate, secreted by the gut microbiome, underlies some of the effects of FMT. Targeting the gut microbiome, butyrate, and its consequences may represent novel viable approaches to prevent or relieve obesity-associated neuropathies.
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17
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Yu S, Li J, Zhao Y, Li X, Ge L. Comparative Secretome Analysis of Mesenchymal Stem Cells From Dental Apical Papilla and Bone Marrow During Early Odonto/Osteogenic Differentiation: Potential Role of Transforming Growth Factor-β2. Front Physiol 2020; 11:41. [PMID: 32210829 PMCID: PMC7073820 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand the functions of secretory proteins in odontogenesis and to further the understanding of the different molecular events during odontogenesis and osteogenesis, we induced the odonto/osteogenic differentiation of stem cells from dental apical papilla (SCAPs) and bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs) in vitro and compared the expression of secretory proteins during early odonto/osteogenic differentiation using high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. The results revealed significant changes by at least 50% in 139 SCAP proteins and 203 BMSC proteins during differentiation. Of these, 92 were significantly upregulated and 47 were significantly downregulated during the differentiation of SCAPs. Most of these proteins showed the same trend during the differentiation of BMSCs. Among the proteins that showed significantly changes during the differentiation of SCAPs and BMSCs, we found that transforming growth factor-β2 (TGFβ2) is a key protein in the network with powerful mediation ability. TGFβ2 was secreted more by SCAPs than BMSCs, was significantly upregulated during the differentiation of SCAPs and was significantly downregulated during the differentiation of BMSCs. Furthermore, the effects of recombinant human TGFβ2 and TGFβ1 on the odonto/osteogenic differentiation of SCAPs and BMSCs were investigated. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting data revealed that TGFβ2 enhanced the odontogenic-related markers [dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1)] and inhibited the osteogenic-related marker bone sialoprotein (BSP) in SCAPs, whereas TGFβ1 enhanced the BSP expression and inhibited the DSPP and DMP1 expression at early odonto/osteogenic differentiation of SCAPs. However, in BMSCs, TGFβ2 enhanced the expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), DSPP, and DMP1, whereas TGFβ1 enhanced the expression of ALP and RUNX2, with no significant intergroup difference of DSPP at the early odonto/osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. TGFβ2 is a potentially important molecule with a distinct function in the regulation of odontogenesis and osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Yu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jingzhi Li
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yuming Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxia Li
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Lihong Ge
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
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Schneller D, Hofer-Warbinek R, Sturtzel C, Lipnik K, Gencelli B, Seltenhammer M, Wen M, Testori J, Bilban M, Borowski A, Windwarder M, Kapel SS, Besemfelder E, Cejka P, Habertheuer A, Schlechta B, Majdic O, Altmann F, Kocher A, Augustin HG, Luttmann W, Hofer E. Cytokine-Like 1 Is a Novel Proangiogenic Factor Secreted by and Mediating Functions of Endothelial Progenitor Cells. Circ Res 2019; 124:243-255. [PMID: 30582450 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.118.313645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs) or late blood outgrowth endothelial cells can be isolated from human cord or peripheral blood, display properties of endothelial progenitors, home into ischemic tissues and support neovascularization in ischemic disease models. OBJECTIVE To assess the functions of CYTL1 (cytokine-like 1), a factor we found preferentially produced by ECFCs, in regard of vessel formation. METHODS AND RESULTS We show by transcriptomic analysis that ECFCs are distinguished from endothelial cells of the vessel wall by production of high amounts of CYTL1. Modulation of expression demonstrates that the factor confers increased angiogenic sprouting capabilities to ECFCs and can also trigger sprouting of mature endothelial cells. The data further display that CYTL1 can be induced by hypoxia and that it functions largely independent of VEGF-A (vascular endothelial growth factor-A). By recombinant production of CYTL1 we confirm that the peptide is indeed a strong proangiogenic factor and induces sprouting in cellular assays and functional vessel formation in animal models comparable to VEGF-A. Mass spectroscopy corroborates that CYTL1 is specifically O-glycosylated on 2 neighboring threonines in the C-terminal part and this modification is important for its proangiogenic bioactivity. Further analyses show that the factor does not upregulate proinflammatory genes and strongly induces several metallothionein genes encoding anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic proteins. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that CYTL1 can mediate proangiogenic functions ascribed to endothelial progenitors such as ECFCs in vivo and may be a candidate to support vessel formation and tissue regeneration in ischemic pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Schneller
- From the Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research (D.S., C.S., K.L., B.G., M.S., M. Wen, J.T., E.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria.,Division Signal Transduction and Growth Control, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg (D.S.)
| | - Renate Hofer-Warbinek
- Clinical Department for Heart Surgery (R.H.-W., A.H., A.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Caterina Sturtzel
- From the Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research (D.S., C.S., K.L., B.G., M.S., M. Wen, J.T., E.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Karoline Lipnik
- From the Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research (D.S., C.S., K.L., B.G., M.S., M. Wen, J.T., E.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Burcu Gencelli
- From the Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research (D.S., C.S., K.L., B.G., M.S., M. Wen, J.T., E.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Monika Seltenhammer
- From the Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research (D.S., C.S., K.L., B.G., M.S., M. Wen, J.T., E.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Mingjie Wen
- From the Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research (D.S., C.S., K.L., B.G., M.S., M. Wen, J.T., E.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Testori
- From the Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research (D.S., C.S., K.L., B.G., M.S., M. Wen, J.T., E.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Bilban
- Department of Laboratory Medicine (M.B.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Markus Windwarder
- Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria (M. Windwarder, F.A.)
| | - Stephanie S Kapel
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany (S.S.K., E.B., H.G.A.).,Department of Vascular Biology and Tumor Angiogenesis, European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany (S.S.K., H.G.A.)
| | - Eva Besemfelder
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany (S.S.K., E.B., H.G.A.)
| | - Petra Cejka
- Department of Immunology (P.C., O.M.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Habertheuer
- Clinical Department for Heart Surgery (R.H.-W., A.H., A.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard Schlechta
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics (B.S.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Otto Majdic
- Department of Immunology (P.C., O.M.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Friedrich Altmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria (M. Windwarder, F.A.)
| | - Alfred Kocher
- Clinical Department for Heart Surgery (R.H.-W., A.H., A.K.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Hellmut G Augustin
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany (S.S.K., E.B., H.G.A.).,Department of Vascular Biology and Tumor Angiogenesis, European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany (S.S.K., H.G.A.)
| | | | - Erhard Hofer
- From the Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research (D.S., C.S., K.L., B.G., M.S., M. Wen, J.T., E.H.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
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19
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Zhu S, Kuek V, Bennett S, Xu H, Rosen V, Xu J. Protein Cytl1: its role in chondrogenesis, cartilage homeostasis, and disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:3515-3523. [PMID: 31089746 PMCID: PMC6697716 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03137-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cytokine-like protein 1 (Cytl1), also named Protein C17 or C4orf4 is located on human chromosome 4p15-p16 and encodes a polypeptide of 126 amino acid residues that displays characteristics of a secretory protein. Cytl1 is expressed by a sub-population of CD34+ human mononuclear cells from bone marrow and cord blood, and by chondrocytes (cartilage-forming cells). In this review, we explore evidence suggesting that Cytl1 may be involved in the regulation of chondrogenesis, cartilage homeostasis and osteoarthritis progression, accompanied by the modulation of Sox9 and insulin-like growth factor 1 expression. In addition, Cytl1 exhibits chemotactic and pro-angiogenic biological effects. Interestingly, CCR2 (C-C chemokine receptor type 2) has been identified as a likely receptor for Cytl1, which mediates the ERK signalling pathway. Cytl1 also appears to mediate the TGF-beta-Smad signalling pathway, which is hypothetically independent of the CCR2 receptor. More recently, studies have also potentially linked Cytl1 with a variety of conditions including cardiac fibrosis, smoking, alcohol dependence risk, and tumours such as benign prostatic hypertrophy, lung squamous cell carcinoma, neuroblastoma and familial colorectal cancer. Defining the molecular structure of Cytl1 and its role in disease pathogenesis will help us to design therapeutic approaches for Cytl1-associated pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sipin Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
- Molecular Laboratory, Division of Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Vincent Kuek
- Molecular Laboratory, Division of Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Samuel Bennett
- Molecular Laboratory, Division of Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Huazi Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Vicki Rosen
- Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jiake Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
- Molecular Laboratory, Division of Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.
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Association between the pig genome and its gut microbiota composition. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8791. [PMID: 31217427 PMCID: PMC6584621 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45066-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota has been evolving with its host along the time creating a symbiotic relationship. In this study, we assess the role of the host genome in the modulation of the microbiota composition in pigs. Gut microbiota compositions were estimated through sequencing the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene from rectal contents of 285 pigs. A total of 1,261 operational taxonomic units were obtained and grouped in 18 phyla and 101 genera. Firmicutes (45.36%) and Bacteroidetes (37.47%) were the two major phyla obtained, whereas at genus level Prevotella (7.03%) and Treponema (6.29%) were the most abundant. Pigs were also genotyped with a high-throughput method for 45,508 single nucleotide polymorphisms that covered the entire pig genome. Subsequently, genome-wide association studies were made among the genotypes of these pigs and their gut microbiota composition. A total of 52 single-nucleotide polymorphisms distributed in 17 regions along the pig genome were associated with the relative abundance of six genera; Akkermansia, CF231, Phascolarctobacterium, Prevotella, SMB53, and Streptococcus. Our results suggest 39 candidate genes that may be modulating the microbiota composition and manifest the association between host genome and gut microbiota in pigs.
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21
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Wang X, Li T, Cheng Y, Wang P, Yuan W, Liu Q, Yang F, Liu Q, Ma D, Ding S, Wang J, Han W. CYTL1 inhibits tumor metastasis with decreasing STAT3 phosphorylation. Oncoimmunology 2019; 8:e1577126. [PMID: 31069137 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2019.1577126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
CYTL1 is a novel cytokine that was first identified in CD34+ hematopoietic cells. We previously prepared recombinant CYTL1 and verified that it chemoattracted human monocytes via the CCR2/ERK pathway. It has been reported that CYTL1 plays contradictory roles in neuroblastoma and lung cancer. We found that the expression level of CYTL1 was notably decreased and it was hypermethylated in various tumors, including breast and lung cancer, by bioinformatics analyses. After validating the expression of CYTL1 in lung cancer, we identified that CYTL1 exerted no obvious effect on tumor cell proliferation but inhibited their migration and invasion, and these effects were accompanied by decreasing STAT3 phosphorylation, using recombinant CYTL1 and CYTL1-overexpressing tumor cell lines. Furthermore, we constructed experimental and spontaneous metastasis models of breast cancer in BALB/c mice and found that CYTL1 significantly inhibited tumor metastasis in vivo. In summary, CYTL1 is a cytokine with tumor-suppressing characteristics that inhibits tumor metastasis and STAT3 phosphorylation in multiple types of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Wang
- Peking University Center for Human Disease Genomics, Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Laboratory of Immunology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Li
- Peking University Center for Human Disease Genomics, Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Cheng
- Peking University Center for Human Disease Genomics, Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pingzhang Wang
- Peking University Center for Human Disease Genomics, Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Wanqiong Yuan
- Peking University Center for Human Disease Genomics, Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Qiyao Liu
- Peking University Center for Human Disease Genomics, Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dalong Ma
- Peking University Center for Human Disease Genomics, Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Shigang Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenling Han
- Peking University Center for Human Disease Genomics, Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
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22
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Shin Y, Won Y, Yang JI, Chun JS. CYTL1 regulates bone homeostasis in mice by modulating osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells and osteoclastogenesis of bone marrow-derived macrophages. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:47. [PMID: 30718470 PMCID: PMC6362050 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1284-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We previously showed that mice with knockout of Cytl1, a functionally uncharacterized cytokine candidate, exhibit normal endochondral ossification and long-bone development. Here, we investigated the potential functions of CYTL1 in bone homeostasis. We found that Cytl1−/− mice exhibited higher bone mass than wild-type littermates and resisted ovariectomy-induced bone resorption. This led us to investigate the functions of CYTL1 in the osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis of bone marrow-derived stem cells. CYTL1 was down-regulated during the osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). The osteogenesis of hMSCs was inhibited by overexpression or exogenous treatment of CYTL1, but enhanced by CYTL1 knockdown. CYTL1 decreased osteogenesis by inhibiting RUNX2 and promoted proliferation among undifferentiated hMSCs, but stimulated apoptosis among osteogenically differentiating cells. Finally, Cytl1−/− mice exhibited inhibition of osteoclast activity and the osteoclastogenesis of bone marrow-derived macrophages. Our results collectively suggest that CYTL1 negatively regulates the osteogenesis of MSCs and positively regulates osteoclastogenesis to modulate bone mass in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngnim Shin
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis and School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Korea
| | - Yoonkyung Won
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis and School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Korea
| | - Jeong-In Yang
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis and School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Korea
| | - Jang-Soo Chun
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis and School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Korea.
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23
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Zhang K, Shi S, Han W. Research progress in cytokines with chemokine-like function. Cell Mol Immunol 2018; 15:660-662. [PMID: 29176740 PMCID: PMC6123495 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2017.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health (Peking University), 100191, Beijing, China
- Peking, University Center for Human Disease Genomics, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Shi
- Peking, University Center for Human Disease Genomics, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Wenling Han
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health (Peking University), 100191, Beijing, China.
- Peking, University Center for Human Disease Genomics, 100191, Beijing, China.
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24
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Wu J, Zhang R, Hu G, Zhu HH, Gao WQ, Xue J. Carbon Monoxide Impairs CD11b+Ly-6ChiMonocyte Migration from the Blood to Inflamed Pancreas via Inhibition of the CCL2/CCR2 Axis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 200:2104-2114. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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25
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Tomczak A, Singh K, Gittis AG, Lee J, Garboczi DN, Murphy PM. Biochemical and biophysical characterization of cytokine-like protein 1 (CYTL1). Cytokine 2017; 96:238-246. [PMID: 28478073 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cytokine-like protein 1 (CYTL1) is a small widely expressed secreted protein lacking significant primary sequence homology to any other known protein. CYTL1 expression appears to be highest in the hematopoietic system and in chondrocytes; however, maintenance of cartilage in mouse models of arthritis is its only reported function in vivo. Despite lacking sequence homology to chemokines, CYTL1 is predicted by computational methods to fold like a chemokine, and has been reported to function as a chemotactic agonist at the chemokine receptor CCR2 in mouse monocyte/macrophages. Nevertheless, since chemokines are defined by structure and chemokine receptors are able to bind many non-chemokine ligands, direct determination of the CYTL1 tertiary structure will ultimately be required to know whether it actually folds as a chemokine and therefore is a chemokine. Towards this goal, we have developed a method for producing functional recombinant human CYTL1 in bacteria, and we provide new evidence about the biophysical and biochemical properties of recombinant CYTL1. Circular dichroism analysis showed that, like chemokines, CYTL1has a higher content of beta-sheet than alpha-helix secondary structure. Furthermore, recombinant CYTL1 promoted calcium flux in chondrocytes. Nevertheless, unlike chemokines, CYTL1 had limited affinity to proteoglycans. Together, these properties further support cytokine-like properties for CYTL1 with some overlap with the chemokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelie Tomczak
- Molecular Signaling Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kavita Singh
- Structural Biology Section, Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Apostolos G Gittis
- Structural Biology Section, Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Joohee Lee
- Molecular Signaling Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, MD 20892, USA
| | - David N Garboczi
- Structural Biology Section, Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Philip M Murphy
- Molecular Signaling Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, MD 20892, USA.
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26
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Liu H, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Wang P, Mo X, Fu W, Liu W, Cheng Y, Han W. LYG1 exerts antitumor function through promoting the activation, proliferation, and function of CD4 + T cells. Oncoimmunology 2017; 6:e1292195. [PMID: 28507796 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1292195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification of novel stimulatory cytokines with antitumor function would have great value in tumor immunotherapy investigations. Here, we report LYG1 (Lysozyme G-like 1) identified through the strategy of Immunogenomics as a novel classical secretory protein with tumor-inhibiting function. LYG1 recombinant protein (rhLYG1) could significantly suppress the growth of B16 tumors in WT B6 mice, but not in SCID-beige mice, Rag1-/- mice, CD4+- or CD8+ T cell-deleted mice. It could increase the number of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, tumor-draining lymph nodes, and spleens, and promote IFNγ production by T cells in tumor-bearing mice. In vitro experiments demonstrated that rhLYG1 could directly enhance IFNγ secretion by CD4+ T cells, but not CD8+ T cells. Moreover, it could promote the activation, proliferation, and IFNγ production of tumor antigen-specific CD4+ T cells. The tumor-inhibiting effect of LYG1 was eliminated in Ifng-/- mice. Furthermore, LYG1 deficiency accelerated B16 and LLC1 tumor growth and inhibited the function of T cells. In summary, our findings reveal a tumor-inhibiting role for LYG1 through promoting the activation, proliferation, and function of CD4+ T cells in antitumor immune responses, offering implications for novel tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University Center for Human Disease Genomics, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China.,Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfei Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University Center for Human Disease Genomics, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China.,Genomic Medicine Institute, Geisinger Health System, Danville, CA, USA
| | - Zhengyang Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University Center for Human Disease Genomics, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Pingzhang Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University Center for Human Disease Genomics, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoning Mo
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University Center for Human Disease Genomics, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Weiwei Fu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University Center for Human Disease Genomics, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Wanchang Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University Center for Human Disease Genomics, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Cheng
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University Center for Human Disease Genomics, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Wenling Han
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University Center for Human Disease Genomics, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
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27
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Kim J, Kim J, Lee SH, Kepreotis SV, Yoo J, Chun JS, Hajjar RJ, Jeong D, Park WJ. Cytokine-Like 1 Regulates Cardiac Fibrosis via Modulation of TGF-β Signaling. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166480. [PMID: 27835665 PMCID: PMC5105950 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokine-like 1 (Cytl1) is a secreted protein that is involved in diverse biological processes. A comparative modeling study indicated that Cytl1 is structurally and functionally similar to monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1). As MCP-1 plays an important role in cardiac fibrosis (CF) and heart failure (HF), we investigated the role of Cytl1 in a mouse model of CF and HF. Cytl1 was upregulated in the failing mouse heart. Pressure overload-induced CF was significantly attenuated in cytl1 knock-out (KO) mice compared to that from wild-type (WT) mice. By contrast, adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated overexpression of cytl1 alone led to the development of CF in vivo. The endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) and the transdifferentiation of fibroblasts (FBs) to myofibroblasts (MFBs) have been suggested to contribute considerably to CF. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of cytl1 was sufficient to induce these two critical CF-related processes in vitro, which were completely abrogated by co-treatment with SB-431542, an antagonist of TGF-β receptor 1. Cytl1 induced the expression of TGF-β2 both in vivo and in vitro. Antagonizing the receptor for MCP-1, C-C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2), with CAS 445479-97-0 did not block the pro-fibrotic activity of Cytl1 in vitro. Collectively, our data suggest that Cytl1 plays an essential role in CF likely through activating the TGF-β-SMAD signaling pathway. Although the receptor for Cyt1l remains to be identified, Cytl1 provides a novel platform for the development of anti-CF therapies.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aorta/surgery
- Benzamides/pharmacology
- Cell Transdifferentiation/drug effects
- Constriction, Pathologic/surgery
- Dioxoles/pharmacology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Endomyocardial Fibrosis/genetics
- Endomyocardial Fibrosis/metabolism
- Endomyocardial Fibrosis/pathology
- Fibroblasts/drug effects
- Fibroblasts/metabolism
- Fibroblasts/pathology
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Heart Failure/genetics
- Heart Failure/metabolism
- Heart Failure/pathology
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Myocardial Infarction/genetics
- Myocardial Infarction/metabolism
- Myocardial Infarction/pathology
- Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/genetics
- Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/metabolism
- Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/pathology
- Myofibroblasts/drug effects
- Myofibroblasts/metabolism
- Myofibroblasts/pathology
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type I
- Receptors, CCR2/genetics
- Receptors, CCR2/metabolism
- Receptors, Cytokine/genetics
- Receptors, Cytokine/metabolism
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/genetics
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Smad Proteins/genetics
- Smad Proteins/metabolism
- Transforming Growth Factor beta2/genetics
- Transforming Growth Factor beta2/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Jooyeon Kim
- College of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Jihwa Kim
- College of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Seung Hee Lee
- College of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Sacha V. Kepreotis
- The Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York 10029, United States of America
| | - Jimeen Yoo
- The Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York 10029, United States of America
| | - Jang-Soo Chun
- College of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Roger J. Hajjar
- The Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York 10029, United States of America
| | - Dongtak Jeong
- The Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York 10029, United States of America
- * E-mail: (WJP); (DJ)
| | - Woo Jin Park
- College of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea
- * E-mail: (WJP); (DJ)
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28
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CCR2 Positive Exosome Released by Mesenchymal Stem Cells Suppresses Macrophage Functions and Alleviates Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Renal Injury. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:1240301. [PMID: 27843457 PMCID: PMC5098097 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1240301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived exosomes have been shown to have protective effects on the kidney in ischemia/reperfusion-induced renal injury. However, the key components in the exosomes and their potential mechanisms for the kidney protective effects are not well understood. In our current study, we focused on the abundant proteins in exosomes derived from MSCs (MSC-exo) and found that the C-C motif chemokine receptor-2 (CCR2) was expressed on MSC-exo with a high ability to bind to its ligand CCL2. We also proved that CCR2 high-expressed MSC-exo could reduce the concentration of free CCL2 and suppress its functions to recruit or activate macrophage. Further, knockdown of CCR2 expression on the MSC-exo greatly abolished these effects. Finally, we also found that CCR2 knockdown impaired the protective effects of MSC-exo for the renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in mouse. The results indicate that CCR2 expressed on MSC-exo may play a key role in inflammation regulation and renal injury repair by acting as a decoy to suppress CCL2 activity. Our study may cast new light on understanding the functions of the MSC-exo and these receptor proteins expressed on exosomes.
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