1
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Deng J, Pan T, Wang D, Hong Y, Liu Z, Zhou X, An Z, Li L, Alfano G, Li G, Dolcetti L, Evans R, Vicencio JM, Vlckova P, Chen Y, Monypenny J, Gomes CADC, Weitsman G, Ng K, McCarthy C, Yang X, Hu Z, Porter JC, Tape CJ, Yin M, Wei F, Rodriguez-Justo M, Zhang J, Tejpar S, Beatson R, Ng T. The MondoA-dependent TXNIP/GDF15 axis predicts oxaliplatin response in colorectal adenocarcinomas. EMBO Mol Med 2024:10.1038/s44321-024-00105-2. [PMID: 39103698 DOI: 10.1038/s44321-024-00105-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy, the standard of care treatment for cancer patients with advanced disease, has been increasingly recognized to activate host immune responses to produce durable outcomes. Here, in colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRC) we identify oxaliplatin-induced Thioredoxin-Interacting Protein (TXNIP), a MondoA-dependent tumor suppressor gene, as a negative regulator of Growth/Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15). GDF15 is a negative prognostic factor in CRC and promotes the differentiation of regulatory T cells (Tregs), which inhibit CD8 T-cell activation. Intriguingly, multiple models including patient-derived tumor organoids demonstrate that the loss of TXNIP and GDF15 responsiveness to oxaliplatin is associated with advanced disease or chemotherapeutic resistance, with transcriptomic or proteomic GDF15/TXNIP ratios showing potential as a prognostic biomarker. These findings illustrate a potentially common pathway where chemotherapy-induced epithelial oxidative stress drives local immune remodeling for patient benefit, with disruption of this pathway seen in refractory or advanced cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhai Deng
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Clinical Research Centre (CRC), Medical Pathology Centre (MPC), Cancer Early Detection and Treatment Centre (CEDTC), Translational Medicine Research Centre (TMRC), Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Wanzhou, Chongqing, China
| | - Teng Pan
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City (Longgang Maternity and Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College), 518172, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Yourae Hong
- Digestive Oncology Unit and Centre for Human Genetics, Universitair Ziekenhuis (UZ) Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Zaoqu Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xingang Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengwen An
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Lifeng Li
- Internet Medical and System Applications of National Engineering Laboratory, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Giovanna Alfano
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Gang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Luigi Dolcetti
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Rachel Evans
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Translational Medicine, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jose M Vicencio
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Petra Vlckova
- Cell Communication Lab, UCL Cancer Institute, 72 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Yue Chen
- Centre for Cancer Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - James Monypenny
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Gregory Weitsman
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Kenrick Ng
- Department of Medical Oncology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Caitlin McCarthy
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Xiaoping Yang
- Centre of Excellence for Mass Spectrometry, Proteomics Facility, The James Black Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Zedong Hu
- Digestive Oncology Unit and Centre for Human Genetics, Universitair Ziekenhuis (UZ) Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joanna C Porter
- Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Repair, UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London (UCL), Rayne Building, London, UK
| | - Christopher J Tape
- Cell Communication Lab, UCL Cancer Institute, 72 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Mingzhu Yin
- Clinical Research Centre (CRC), Medical Pathology Centre (MPC), Cancer Early Detection and Treatment Centre (CEDTC), Translational Medicine Research Centre (TMRC), Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Wanzhou, Chongqing, China
| | - Fengxiang Wei
- Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City (Longgang Maternity and Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College), 518172, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Jin Zhang
- 3rd Department of Breast Cancer Prevention, Treatment and Research Centre, Tianjin, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Tianjin, PR China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Centre for Cancer, Tianjin, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, PR China
- National Clinical Research Centre for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Sabine Tejpar
- Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City (Longgang Maternity and Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College), 518172, Shenzhen, China
| | - Richard Beatson
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
- Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Repair, UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London (UCL), Rayne Building, London, UK.
- Centre for the Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
| | - Tony Ng
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK.
- Cancer Research UK City of London Centre, London, UK.
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2
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Fedele G, Castiglioni S, Trapani V, Zafferri I, Bartolini M, Casati SM, Ciuffreda P, Wolf FI, Maier JA. Impact of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Activation on Endothelial Behavior under Magnesium Deficiency. Nutrients 2024; 16:1406. [PMID: 38794644 PMCID: PMC11124182 DOI: 10.3390/nu16101406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is a crucial event in the early pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and is linked to magnesium (Mg) deficiency. Indeed, in endothelial cells, low Mg levels promote the acquisition of a pro-inflammatory and pro-atherogenic phenotype. This paper investigates the mechanisms by which Mg deficiency promotes oxidative stress and affects endothelial behavior in human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). Our data show that low Mg levels trigger oxidative stress initially by increasing NAPDH oxidase activity and then by upregulating the pro-oxidant thioredoxin-interacting protein TXNIP. The overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) activates NF-κB, leading to its increased binding to the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) promoter, with the consequent increase in iNOS expression. The increased levels of nitric oxide (NO) generated by upregulated iNOS contribute to disrupting endothelial cell function by inhibiting growth and increasing permeability. In conclusion, we provide evidence that multiple mechanisms contribute to generate a pro-oxidant state under low-Mg conditions, ultimately affecting endothelial physiology. These data add support to the notion that adequate Mg levels play a significant role in preserving cardiovascular health and may suggest new approaches to prevent or manage cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Fedele
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (G.F.); (S.C.); (I.Z.); (M.B.); (S.M.C.); (P.C.)
| | - Sara Castiglioni
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (G.F.); (S.C.); (I.Z.); (M.B.); (S.M.C.); (P.C.)
| | - Valentina Trapani
- Alleanza Contro il Cancro, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Isabella Zafferri
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (G.F.); (S.C.); (I.Z.); (M.B.); (S.M.C.); (P.C.)
| | - Marco Bartolini
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (G.F.); (S.C.); (I.Z.); (M.B.); (S.M.C.); (P.C.)
| | - Silvana M. Casati
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (G.F.); (S.C.); (I.Z.); (M.B.); (S.M.C.); (P.C.)
| | - Pierangela Ciuffreda
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (G.F.); (S.C.); (I.Z.); (M.B.); (S.M.C.); (P.C.)
| | - Federica I. Wolf
- Department of Medicine, Saint Camillus International Medical School (UniCamillus), Via di Sant’Alessandro 8, 00131 Rome, Italy;
| | - Jeanette A. Maier
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (G.F.); (S.C.); (I.Z.); (M.B.); (S.M.C.); (P.C.)
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3
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Xue Y, Cepko CL. Gene Therapies for Retinitis Pigmentosa that Target Glucose Metabolism. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2024; 14:a041289. [PMID: 37460158 PMCID: PMC11065158 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Retinitis pigmentosa is a blinding disease wherein rod photoreceptors are affected first, due to the expression of a disease gene, leading to the loss of dim light vision. In many cases, cones do not express the disease gene, yet they are also affected and eventually die, typically after most of the rods in their neighborhood have died. The cause of secondary cone death is unclear. Photoreceptors are one of the most energy-demanding cell types in the body and consume a high amount of glucose. At an early stage of degeneration, the cones appear to have a shortage of glucose to fuel their metabolism. This review focuses on gene therapy approaches that address this potential metabolic shortcoming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlu Xue
- Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Constance L Cepko
- Departments of Genetics and Ophthalmology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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4
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Kim S, Ge J, Kim D, Lee JJ, Choi YJ, Chen W, Bowman JW, Foo SS, Chang LC, Liang Q, Hara D, Choi I, Kim MH, Eoh H, Jung JU. TXNIP-mediated crosstalk between oxidative stress and glucose metabolism. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0292655. [PMID: 38329960 PMCID: PMC10852281 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) has emerged as a key player in cancer and diabetes since it targets thioredoxin (TRX)-mediated redox regulation and glucose transporter (GLUT)-mediated metabolism. TXNIP consists of two arrestin (ARR, N-ARR and C-ARR) domains at its amino-terminus and two PPxY (PY) motifs and a di-leucine (LL) motif for endocytosis at its carboxyl-terminus. Here, we report that TXNIP shuffles between TRX and GLUTs to regulate homeostasis of intracellular oxidative stress and glucose metabolism. While TXNIP functions as a gatekeeper of TRX by default, it robustly interacted with class I GLUTs through its C-ARR domain upon increase of intracellular reactive oxygen species. This interaction prompted the surface expression downregulation and lysosomal degradation of GLUTs by its carboxyl-terminal LL endocytic signaling motif to attenuate glucose uptake. Consequently, TXNIP expression significantly limited glucose uptake, leading to the suppression of glycolysis, hexosamine biosynthesis, and the pentose phosphate pathway. Our findings establish a fundamental link between ROS and glucose metabolism through TXNIP and provide a promising target for the drug development against GLUT-related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Kim
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jianning Ge
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Dokyun Kim
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jae Jin Lee
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Youn Jung Choi
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Weiqiang Chen
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - James W. Bowman
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Suan-Sin Foo
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Lin-Chun Chang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Qiming Liang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Daiki Hara
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Inpyo Choi
- Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Hee Kim
- Infection and Immunity Research Laboratory, Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungjin Eoh
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Jae U. Jung
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
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5
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Lee KT, Pranoto IKA, Kim SY, Choi HJ, To NB, Chae H, Lee JY, Kim JE, Kwon YV, Nam JW. Comparative interactome analysis of α-arrestin families in human and Drosophila. eLife 2024; 12:RP88328. [PMID: 38270169 PMCID: PMC10945707 DOI: 10.7554/elife.88328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The α-arrestins form a large family of evolutionally conserved modulators that control diverse signaling pathways, including both G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-mediated and non-GPCR-mediated pathways, across eukaryotes. However, unlike β-arrestins, only a few α-arrestin targets and functions have been characterized. Here, using affinity purification and mass spectrometry, we constructed interactomes for 6 human and 12 Drosophila α-arrestins. The resulting high-confidence interactomes comprised 307 and 467 prey proteins in human and Drosophila, respectively. A comparative analysis of these interactomes predicted not only conserved binding partners, such as motor proteins, proteases, ubiquitin ligases, RNA splicing factors, and GTPase-activating proteins, but also those specific to mammals, such as histone modifiers and the subunits of V-type ATPase. Given the manifestation of the interaction between the human α-arrestin, TXNIP, and the histone-modifying enzymes, including HDAC2, we undertook a global analysis of transcription signals and chromatin structures that were affected by TXNIP knockdown. We found that TXNIP activated targets by blocking HDAC2 recruitment to targets, a result that was validated by chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. Additionally, the interactome for an uncharacterized human α-arrestin ARRDC5 uncovered multiple components in the V-type ATPase, which plays a key role in bone resorption by osteoclasts. Our study presents conserved and species-specific protein-protein interaction maps for α-arrestins, which provide a valuable resource for interrogating their cellular functions for both basic and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Tae Lee
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
- Hanyang Institute of Advanced BioConvergence, Hanyang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Inez KA Pranoto
- Department of Biochemistry, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Soon-Young Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Hee-Joo Choi
- Bio-BigData Center, Hanyang Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hanyang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Hanyang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
- Hanyang Biomedical Research Institute, Hanyang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Ngoc Bao To
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Hansong Chae
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Yeon Lee
- Bio-BigData Center, Hanyang Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hanyang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Hanyang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Jung-Eun Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Young V Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Jin-Wu Nam
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
- Hanyang Institute of Advanced BioConvergence, Hanyang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
- Bio-BigData Center, Hanyang Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hanyang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
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6
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Dance A, Fernandes J, Toussaint B, Vaillant E, Boutry R, Baron M, Loiselle H, Balkau B, Charpentier G, Franc S, Ibberson M, Marre M, Gernay M, Fadeur M, Paquot N, Vaxillaire M, Boissel M, Amanzougarene S, Derhourhi M, Khamis A, Froguel P, Bonnefond A. Exploring the role of purinergic receptor P2RY1 in type 2 diabetes risk and pathophysiology: Insights from human functional genomics. Mol Metab 2024; 79:101867. [PMID: 38159881 PMCID: PMC10792753 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Human functional genomics has proven powerful in discovering drug targets for common metabolic disorders. Through this approach, we investigated the involvement of the purinergic receptor P2RY1 in type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS P2RY1 was sequenced in 9,266 participants including 4,177 patients with T2D. In vitro analyses were then performed to assess the functional effect of each variant. Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis was performed in pancreatic islets from 103 pancreatectomized individuals. The effect of P2RY1 on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was finally assessed in human pancreatic beta cells (EndoCβH5), and RNA sequencing was performed on these cells. RESULTS Sequencing P2YR1 in 9,266 participants revealed 22 rare variants, seven of which were loss-of-function according to our in vitro analyses. Carriers, except one, exhibited impaired glucose control. Our eQTL analysis of human islets identified P2RY1 variants, in a beta-cell enhancer, linked to increased P2RY1 expression and reduced T2D risk, contrasting with variants located in a silent region associated with decreased P2RY1 expression and increased T2D risk. Additionally, a P2RY1-specific agonist increased insulin secretion upon glucose stimulation, while the antagonist led to decreased insulin secretion. RNA-seq highlighted TXNIP as one of the main transcriptomic markers of insulin secretion triggered by P2RY1 agonist. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that P2RY1 inherited or acquired dysfunction increases T2D risk and that P2RY1 activation stimulates insulin secretion. Selective P2RY1 agonists, impermeable to the blood-brain barrier, could serve as potential insulin secretagogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Dance
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France; Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Justine Fernandes
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France; Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Bénédicte Toussaint
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France; Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Emmanuel Vaillant
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France; Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Raphaël Boutry
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France; Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Morgane Baron
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France; Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Hélène Loiselle
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France; Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Beverley Balkau
- Paris-Saclay University, Paris-Sud University, UVSQ, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Inserm U1018 Clinical Epidemiology, Villejuif, France
| | - Guillaume Charpentier
- CERITD (Centre d'Étude et de Recherche pour l'Intensification du Traitement du Diabète), Evry, France
| | - Sylvia Franc
- CERITD (Centre d'Étude et de Recherche pour l'Intensification du Traitement du Diabète), Evry, France; Department of Diabetes, Sud-Francilien Hospital, Paris-Sud University, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
| | - Mark Ibberson
- Vital-IT Group, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michel Marre
- Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Inserm, Université de Paris, Paris, France; Clinique Ambroise Paré, Neuilly-sur-Seine, France
| | - Marie Gernay
- Department of Diabetology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Sart Tilman University Hospital Center, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marjorie Fadeur
- Department of Diabetology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Sart Tilman University Hospital Center, Liège, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Paquot
- Department of Diabetology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Sart Tilman University Hospital Center, Liège, Belgium
| | - Martine Vaxillaire
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France; Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Mathilde Boissel
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France; Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Souhila Amanzougarene
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France; Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Mehdi Derhourhi
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France; Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Amna Khamis
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France; Université de Lille, Lille, France; Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Philippe Froguel
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France; Université de Lille, Lille, France; Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Amélie Bonnefond
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France; Université de Lille, Lille, France; Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
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7
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Park S, Kim D, Jung H, Choi IP, Kwon HJ, Lee Y. Contribution of HSP90 Cleavage to the Cytotoxic Effect of Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid In Vivo and the Involvement of TXNIP in HSP90 Cleavage. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2024; 32:115-122. [PMID: 38148557 PMCID: PMC10762275 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2023.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein (HSP) 90 is expressed in most living organisms, and several client proteins of HSP90 are necessary for cancer cell survival and growth. Previously, we found that HSP90 was cleaved by histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors and proteasome inhibitors, and the cleavage of HSP90 contributes to their cytotoxicity in K562 leukemia cells. In this study, we first established mouse xenograft models with K562 cells expressing the wild-type or cleavage-resistant mutant HSP90β and found that the suppression of tumor growth by the HDAC inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) was interrupted by the mutation inhibiting the HSP90 cleavage in vivo. Next, we investigated the possible function of thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP) in the HSP90 cleavage induced by SAHA. TXNIP is a negative regulator for thioredoxin, an antioxidant protein. SAHA transcriptionally induced the expression of TXNIP in K562 cells. HSP90 cleavage was induced by SAHA also in the thymocytes of normal mice and suppressed by an anti-oxidant and pan-caspase inhibitor. When the thymocytes from the TXNIP knockout mice and their wild-type littermate control mice were treated with SAHA, the HSP90 cleavage was detected in the thymocytes of the littermate controls but suppressed in those of the TXNIP knockout mice suggesting the requirement of TXNIP for HSP90 cleavage. We additionally found that HSP90 cleavage was induced by actinomycin D, β-mercaptoethanol, and p38 MAPK inhibitor PD169316 suggesting its prevalence. Taken together, we suggest that HSP90 cleavage occurs also in vivo and contributes to the anti-cancer activity of various drugs in a TXNIP-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangkyu Park
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongbum Kim
- Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Haiyoung Jung
- Aging Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - In Pyo Choi
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Joo Kwon
- Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghee Lee
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
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8
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Ntallis C, Tzoupis H, Tselios T, Chasapis CT, Vlamis-Gardikas A. Distinct or Overlapping Areas of Mitochondrial Thioredoxin 2 May Be Used for Its Covalent and Strong Non-Covalent Interactions with Protein Ligands. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 13:15. [PMID: 38275635 PMCID: PMC10812433 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
In silico approaches were employed to examine the characteristics of interactions between human mitochondrial thioredoxin 2 (HsTrx2) and its 38 previously identified mitochondrial protein ligands. All interactions appeared driven mainly by electrostatic forces. The statistically significant residues of HsTrx2 for interactions were characterized as "contact hot spots". Since these were identical/adjacent to putative thermodynamic hot spots, an energy network approach identified their neighbors to highlight possible contact interfaces. Three distinct areas for binding emerged: (i) one around the active site for covalent interactions, (ii) another antipodal to the active site for strong non-covalent interactions, and (iii) a third area involved in both kinds of interactions. The contact interfaces of HsTrx2 were projected as respective interfaces for Escherichia coli Trx1 (EcoTrx1), 2, and HsTrx1. Comparison of the interfaces and contact hot spots of HsTrx2 to the contact residues of EcoTx1 and HsTrx1 from existing crystal complexes with protein ligands supported the hypothesis, except for a part of the cleft/groove adjacent to Trp30 preceding the active site. The outcomes of this study raise the possibility for the rational design of selective inhibitors for the interactions of HsTrx2 with specific protein ligands without affecting the entirety of the functions of the Trx system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charalampos Ntallis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece; (C.N.); (H.T.); (T.T.)
| | - Haralampos Tzoupis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece; (C.N.); (H.T.); (T.T.)
| | - Theodore Tselios
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece; (C.N.); (H.T.); (T.T.)
| | - Christos T. Chasapis
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Vas. Constantinou 48, 11635 Athens, Greece;
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9
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Deng J, Pan T, Liu Z, McCarthy C, Vicencio JM, Cao L, Alfano G, Suwaidan AA, Yin M, Beatson R, Ng T. The role of TXNIP in cancer: a fine balance between redox, metabolic, and immunological tumor control. Br J Cancer 2023; 129:1877-1892. [PMID: 37794178 PMCID: PMC10703902 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02442-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is commonly considered a master regulator of cellular oxidation, regulating the expression and function of Thioredoxin (Trx). Recent work has identified that TXNIP has a far wider range of additional roles: from regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, to cell cycle arrest and inflammation. Its expression is increased by stressors commonly found in neoplastic cells and the wider tumor microenvironment (TME), and, as such, TXNIP has been extensively studied in cancers. In this review, we evaluate the current literature regarding the regulation and the function of TXNIP, highlighting its emerging role in modulating signaling between different cell types within the TME. We then assess current and future translational opportunities and the associated challenges in this area. An improved understanding of the functions and mechanisms of TXNIP in cancers may enhance its suitability as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhai Deng
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Clinical Pathology Center (CPC), Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Wanzhou, Chongqing, China
| | - Teng Pan
- Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City (Longgang Maternity and Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College), Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Zaoqu Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Caitlin McCarthy
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jose M Vicencio
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Lulu Cao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital and Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing, China
| | - Giovanna Alfano
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ali Abdulnabi Suwaidan
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Mingzhu Yin
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Clinical Pathology Center (CPC), Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Wanzhou, Chongqing, China
| | - Richard Beatson
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
- Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Repair, UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London (UCL), Rayne 9 Building, London, WC1E 6JF, UK.
| | - Tony Ng
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK.
- Cancer Research UK City of London Centre, London, UK.
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10
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Singh J, Sah B, Shen Y, Liu L. Histone methyltransferase inhibitor UNC0642 promotes breast cancer cell death by upregulating TXNIP-dependent oxidative stress. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 385:110720. [PMID: 37748637 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most frequent type of cancer in women worldwide. Current therapeutic strategies for BC are not always effective. In this study, we investigated the anticancer activity of an epigenetic compound UNC0642 and its mechanism of action in suppressing BC cell growth and survival. UNC0642 was developed as a selective inhibitor of G9a that is responsible for histone H3K9 methylation. After screening different BC cell lines, we found UNC0642 had the lowest IC-50 against MDA-MB-231 cells, a triple-negative BC cell line. To identify additional UNC0642 targets, we performed RNA-seq analyses in BC cells following UNC0642 treatment. UNC0642 significantly upregulated mRNA expression of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), which was also validated by western blotting. We further showed that TXNIP upregulation was associated with dose-dependent elevation of reactive oxygen species, concurrent with loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and activation of caspase-3-dependent apoptosis. Finally, we demonstrated that UNC0642 treatment induced BC cell apoptosis in vitro and suppression of tumor growth in xenograft mouse models that was coupled with TXNIP activation. Taken together, our results show that UNC0642 exerts its antitumor function via upregulating TXNIP expression and oxidative stress to impair mitochondrial function and induce caspase-dependent cell death. This observation could inform future breast cancer therapies by targeting TXNIP-dependent ROS signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasvinder Singh
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, 55912, USA.
| | - Bindeshwar Sah
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, 55912, USA
| | - Yao Shen
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Liang Liu
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, 55912, USA; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
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11
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Fei J, Wang H, Han J, Zhang X, Ma H, Qin X, Yu C, Jiang J. TXNIP activates NLRP3/IL-1β and participate in inflammatory response and oxidative stress to promote deep venous thrombosis. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:1588-1597. [PMID: 37749991 PMCID: PMC10676131 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231191124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a common peripheral vascular disease. This study aims to investigate the mechanisms of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) and nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in deep venous thrombosis (DVT). A total of 66 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were employed to conduct DVT model. DVT rat was treated with silenced TXNIP (si-TXNIP) lentivirus and MCC950 (a NLRP3 inhibitor). The thrombosis weight and weight/length ratio, tissue factor, inflammatory factors, superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were measured. Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining was used to investigate the pathological change. Western blotting was used to determine the protein expression level. The expression level of thioredoxin (TRx) was suppressed, whereas TXNIP and NLRP3 were elevated in DVT rat. Si-TXNIP or MCC950 could reduce the thrombosis weight and weight/length ratio, ameliorate the pathological change, and decrease inflammatory reaction. Mechanistically, si-TXNIP or MCC950 inhibited the expression levels of TXNIP, NLRP3, and interleukin (IL)-1β while elevating the TRx level, thereby suppressing the DVT. Our study indicated that si-TXNIP or MCC950 injection rescued the injury of vein induced by DVT. The possible mechanisms connected with the inhibition of TXNIP and NLRP3. TXNIP is a possible therapeutic target for DVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwen Fei
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Haixia Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Jin Han
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Xuefeng Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Hongfu Ma
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Xiao Qin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Chaoxiao Yu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Junjie Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai 264000, China
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12
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Chen M, Zhang L. Circ_0001806 relieves LPS-induced HK2 cell injury by regulating the expression of miR-942-5p and TXNIP. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2023; 55:301-312. [PMID: 37541979 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-023-09978-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory disease that can cause a variety of diseases, including septic acute kidney injury (AKI). Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are believed to be involved in the development of this disease. This study aims to clarify the function of circ_0001806 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced HK2 cell model and its related mechanisms. Circ_0001806 was up-regulated in septic AKI serum specimens and LPS-induced HK2 cells. Circ_0001806 knockdown promoted cell proliferation and restrained apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress in LPS-induced HK2 cells. In mechanism, circ_0001806 can be used as a sponge for miR-942-5p, and miR-942-5p can directly target TXNIP. Functional experiments revealed that the miR-942-5p inhibitor could reverse the alleviating effect of circ_0001806 knockdown on LPS-induced HK2 cell injury, and TXNIP addition can also reverse the inhibitory effect of miR-942-5p overexpression on LPS-induced HK2 cell injury. In addition, circ_0001806 regulated TXNIP expression through sponging miR-942-5p. Besides, exosome-derived circ_0001806 was upregulated in LPS-induced HK2 cells, while was downregulated by GW4869. The results showed that circ_0001806 knockdown could reduce LPS-induced HK2 cell injury by regulating TXNIP expression via targeting miR-942-5p, indicating that circ_0001806 might be an important biomarker for alleviating sepsis-related AKI. This might provide therapeutic strategy for the treatment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjin Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Lishui Second People's Hospital, No. 69, North Ring Road, Liandu District, Lishui City, 323000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lefeng Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Lishui Second People's Hospital, No. 69, North Ring Road, Liandu District, Lishui City, 323000, Zhejiang Province, China.
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13
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Choi EH, Park SJ. TXNIP: A key protein in the cellular stress response pathway and a potential therapeutic target. Exp Mol Med 2023:10.1038/s12276-023-01019-8. [PMID: 37394581 PMCID: PMC10393958 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01019-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), which is also known as thioredoxin-binding protein 2 (TBP2), directly interacts with the major antioxidant protein thioredoxin (TRX) and inhibits its antioxidant function and expression. However, recent studies have demonstrated that TXNIP is a multifunctional protein with functions beyond increasing intracellular oxidative stress. TXNIP activates endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor protein-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome complex formation, triggers mitochondrial stress-induced apoptosis, and stimulates inflammatory cell death (pyroptosis). These newly discovered functions of TXNIP highlight its role in disease development, especially in response to several cellular stress factors. In this review, we provide an overview of the multiple functions of TXNIP in pathological conditions and summarize its involvement in various diseases, such as diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and neurodegenerative diseases. We also discuss the potential of TXNIP as a therapeutic target and TXNIP inhibitors as novel therapeutic drugs for treating these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eui-Hwan Choi
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), Daegu, 41061, South Korea
| | - Sun-Ji Park
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), Daegu, 41061, South Korea.
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
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14
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Kim J, Lim J, Yoo ID, Park S, Moon JS. TXNIP contributes to induction of pro-inflammatory phenotype and caspase-3 activation in astrocytes during Alzheimer's diseases. Redox Biol 2023; 63:102735. [PMID: 37172394 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress have been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress are associated with neuronal death in AD. Astrocytes are linked to neuroinflammation during AD. Astrocytes are important contributors to AD progression. Although the role of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) has been identified in inflammation and oxidative stress, the mechanism by which TXNIP regulates inflammation and oxidative stress in astrocytes during AD remains unclear. In the present study, we found that TXNIP gene levels were elevated in cerebral cortex of patients with AD. The protein levels of TXNIP were elevated in GFAP-positive astrocytes of cerebral cortex from patients with AD and APP/PS1 double-transgenic mouse model of AD. Our results showed that TXNIP increased expression of genes related to pro-inflammatory reactive astrocytes and pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in human astrocytes. Moreover, TXNIP increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in human astrocytes. TXNIP induced activation of NK-kB signaling and over-production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) in human astrocytes. TXNIP also induced mitochondrial oxidative stress by reduction of mitochondrial respiration and ATP production in human astrocytes. Furthermore, elevated TXNIP levels are correlated with caspase-3 activation of GFAP-positive astrocytes in patients with AD and mouse AD. TXNIP induced mitochondria-dependent apoptosis via caspase-9 and caspase-3 activation in human astrocytes. These results suggest that TXNIP contributes to induction of pro-inflammatory phenotype and caspase-3 activation in astrocytes during AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhyung Kim
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, 31151, Chungcheongnam-do, South Korea
| | - Jaejoon Lim
- Bundang CHA Medical Center, Department of Neurosurgery, CHA University, Yatap-dong 59, Seong-nam, 13496, South Korea
| | - Ik Dong Yoo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital Cheonan, Cheonan, 31151, Chungcheongnam-do, South Korea
| | - Samel Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital Cheonan, Cheonan, 31151, Chungcheongnam-do, South Korea.
| | - Jong-Seok Moon
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, 31151, Chungcheongnam-do, South Korea.
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15
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Schneider MR, Zettler S, Rathkolb B, Dahlhoff M. TXNIP overexpression in mice enhances streptozotocin-induced diabetes severity. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2023; 565:111885. [PMID: 36773839 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2023.111885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is a key player in the endocrine pancreas; it induces beta cell apoptosis, such that TXNIP deficiency promotes beta cell survival. To study its function in more detail, we generated transgenic mice with ubiquitous overexpression of TXNIP. CBATXNIP/+ mice were investigated under basal conditions and after being challenged in diet-induced obesity (DIO) and streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) models. TXNIP overexpression caused no effect in the DIO model, contrasting to the already reported TXNIP-deficient mice. However, in the T1DM background, CBATXNIP/+ animals showed significantly enhanced blood glucose and increased glucose levels in a glucose tolerance test. Finally, the beta cell mass of CBATXNIP/+ transgenic animals in the T1DM model was significantly reduced compared to control littermates. Our study demonstrates that overexpression of TXNIP doesn't affect blood glucose parameters under basal conditions. However, overexpression of TXNIP in a T1DM model enhances the severity of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlon R Schneider
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Silja Zettler
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, LMU München, Munich, Germany
| | - Birgit Rathkolb
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, LMU München, Munich, Germany; German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Maik Dahlhoff
- Institute of in vivo and in vitro Models, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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16
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Kamarehei F, Saidijam M, Taherkhani A. Prognostic biomarkers and molecular pathways mediating Helicobacter pylori–induced gastric cancer: a network-biology approach. Genomics Inform 2023; 21:e8. [PMID: 37037466 PMCID: PMC10085735 DOI: 10.5808/gi.22072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer of the stomach is the second most frequent cancer-related death worldwide. The survival rate of patients with gastric cancer (GC) remains fragile. There is a requirement to discover biomarkers for prognosis approaches. Helicobacter pylori in the stomach is closely associated with the progression of GC. We identified the genes associated with poor/favorable prognosis in H. pylori–induced GC. Multivariate statistical analysis was applied on the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset GSE54397 to identify differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) in gastric tissues with H. pylori–induced cancer compared with the H. pylori–positive with non-cancerous tissue. A protein interaction map (PIM) was built and subjected to DEMs targets. The enriched pathways and biological processes within the PIM were identified based on substantial clusters. Thereafter, the most critical genes in the PIM were illustrated, and their prognostic impact in GC was investigated. Considering p-value less than 0.01 and |Log2 fold change| as >1, five microRNAs demonstrated significant changes among the two groups. Gene functional analysis revealed that the ubiquitination system, neddylation pathway, and ciliary process are primarily involved in H. pylori–induced GC. Survival analysis illustrated that the overexpression of DOCK4, GNAS, CTGF, TGF-b1, ESR1, SELE, TIMP3, SMARCE1, and TXNIP was associated with poor prognosis, while increased MRPS5 expression was related to a favorable prognosis in GC patients. DOCK4, GNAS, CTGF, TGF-b1, ESR1, SELE, TIMP3, SMARCE1, TXNIP, and MRPS5 may be considered prognostic biomarkers for H. pylori–induced GC. However, experimental validation is necessary in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Kamarehei
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan 6517838678, Iran
| | - Massoud Saidijam
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan 6517838678, Iran
| | - Amir Taherkhani
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan 6517838678, Iran
- Corresponding author E-mail:
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Zhou D, Li X, Xiao X, Wang G, Chen B, Song Y, Liu X, He Q, Zhang H, Wu Q, Zhang L, Wu L, Shen Z, Hassan M, Zhao Y, Zhou W. Celastrol targets the ChREBP-TXNIP axis to ameliorates type 2 diabetes mellitus. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 110:154634. [PMID: 36603341 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) plays a pivotal role in regulation of blood glucose homeostasis and is an emerging therapeutic target in diabetes and its complications. Celastrol, a pentacyclic triterpene extracted from the roots of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, can reduce insulin resistance and improve diabetic complications. PURPOSE This study aimed to untangle the mechanism of celastrol in ameliorating type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and evaluate its potential benefits as an anti-diabetic agent. METHODS db/db mice was used to evaluate the hypoglycemic effect of celastrol in vivo; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and 2-NBDG assay were used to detect the effect of celastrol on insulin secretion and glucose uptake in cells; Western blotting, quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) and immunohistological staining were used to examine effect of celastrol on the expression of TXNIP and the carbohydrate response element-binding protein (ChREBP). Molecular docking, cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA), drug affinity responsive targets stability assay (DARTS) and mass spectrometry were used to test the direct binding between celastrol and ChREBP. Loss- and gain-of-function studies further confirmed the role of ChREBP and TXNIP in celastrol-mediated amelioration of T2DM. RESULTS Celastrol treatment significantly reduced blood glucose level, body weight and food intake, and improved glucose tolerance in db/db mice. Moreover, celastrol promoted insulin secretion and improved glucose homeostasis. Mechanistically, celastrol directly bound to ChREBP, a primary transcriptional factor upregulating TXNIP expression. By binding to ChREBP, celastrol inhibited its nuclear translocation and promoted its proteasomal degradation, thereby repressing TXNIP transcription and ultimately ameliorating T2DM through breaking the vicious cycle of hyperglycemia deterioration and TXNIP overexpression. CONCLUSION Celastrol ameliorates T2DM through targeting ChREBP-TXNIP aix. Our study identified ChREBP as a new direct molecular target of celastrol and revealed a novel mechanism for celastrol-mediated amelioration of T2DM, which provides experimental evidence for its possible use in the treatment of T2DM and new insight into diabetes drug development for targeting TXNIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duanfang Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing, China; Department of pharmacy, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing, China; Key laboratory for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Xiao
- The Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Major Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Song
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing, China
| | - Qichen He
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiuya Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing, China
| | - Limei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing, China
| | - Lihong Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengze Shen
- Department of pharmacy, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Moustapha Hassan
- Experimental Cancer Medicine, Division of Bio-molecular and Cellular Medicine (BCM), Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Ying Zhao
- Experimental Cancer Medicine, Division of Bio-molecular and Cellular Medicine (BCM), Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Weiying Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing, China; Key laboratory for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing, China.
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18
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Jia J, Xu G, Zhu D, Liu H, Zeng X, Li L. Advances in the Functions of Thioredoxin System in Central Nervous System Diseases. Antioxid Redox Signal 2023; 38:425-441. [PMID: 35761787 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Significance: The thioredoxin system comprises thioredoxin (Trx), thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, besides an endogenous Trx inhibitor, the thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP). The Trx system plays critical roles in maintaining the redox homeostasis in the central nervous system (CNS), in which oxidative stress damage is prone to occurrence due to its high-energy demand. Recent Advances: Increasing studies have demonstrated that the expression or activity of Trx/TrxR is usually decreased and that TXNIP expression is increased in patients with CNS diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, cerebral ischemia, traumatic brain injury, and depression, as well as in their cellular and animal models. The compromise of Trx/TrxR enhances the susceptibility of neurons to related pathological state. Increased TXNIP not only enhances the inhibition of Trx activity, but also activates the NOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome, resulting in neuroinflammation in the brain. Critical Issues: In this review, we highlight the sources of oxidative stress in the CNS. The expression and function of the Trx system are summarized in different CNS diseases. This review also mentions that some inducers of Trx show neuroprotection in CNS diseases. Future Directions: Accumulating evidence has demonstrated the important roles of the Trx system in CNS diseases, suggesting that the Trx system may be a promising therapeutic target for CNS diseases. Further study should aim to develop the most effective inducers of Trx and specific inhibitors of TXNIP and to apply them in the clinical trials for the treatment of CNS diseases. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 38, 425-441.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjing Jia
- Research Center of Neuroscience, Jiaxing University Medical College, Jiaxing, China.,Department of Physiology, Jiaxing University Medical College, Jiaxing, China
| | - Guangtao Xu
- Department of Forensic and Pathology, Jiaxing University Medical College, Jiaxing, China
| | - Dongsheng Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Hongjun Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Xin'an International Hospital, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Xiansi Zeng
- Research Center of Neuroscience, Jiaxing University Medical College, Jiaxing, China.,Department of Biochemistry, Jiaxing University Medical College, Jiaxing, China
| | - Li Li
- Research Center of Neuroscience, Jiaxing University Medical College, Jiaxing, China.,Department of Physiology, Jiaxing University Medical College, Jiaxing, China
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19
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Xue Y. Txnip Gene Therapy of Retinitis Pigmentosa Improves Cone Health. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1415:143-146. [PMID: 37440027 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-27681-1_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a hereditary retinal degenerative disease that can lead to blindness. In RP, rod photoreceptors die first, followed by cone photoreceptors death due to unknown mechanisms. However, one clue for cone death concerns their metabolism. Early changes suggest that they do not have enough glucose, which normally fuels their metabolism. We sought to design adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based gene therapy to address their metabolic challenges and found that overexpressing Txnip is an effective gene therapy that extends cone survival and vision in three strains of RP mice. The Txnip-mediated rescue was found to be dependent upon lactate dehydrogenase b (Ldhb), which is required for lactate catabolism. Txnip also was found to improve mitochondrial health. Herein, we propose a model in which Txnip shifts cones from their normal reliance on glucose to enhanced utilization of lactate to benefit cones in a condition where the glucose supply is limiting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlu Xue
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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20
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Lee S, Choi S, Park SH, Im GJ, Chang J. Transcriptomic Analysis of the Effect of Metformin against Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity: A Potential Mechanism of Metformin-Mediated Inhibition of Thioredoxin-Interacting Protein (Txnip) Gene Expression. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 45:286-310. [PMID: 36661507 PMCID: PMC9857533 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ototoxicity is the drug-induced damage of the inner ear, causing bilateral irreversible sensorineural hearing loss. Cisplatin is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent which causes ototoxicity as its side effect. Pretreatment with metformin prior to the application of cisplatin significantly decreased the late apoptosis and attenuated the cisplatin-induced increase in ROS. To understand the molecular mechanisms that are involved in the preventive effect of metformin, we evaluated the change of gene expression induced by cisplatin at several different time points (0 h, 6 h, 15 h, 24 h and 48 h) and the alteration of gene expression according to pretreatment with metformin in HEI-OC1 cells through microarray analysis. Cisplatin exposure induced a total of 89 DEGs (differentially expressed genes) after 6 h, with a total of 433 DEGs after 15 h, a total of 941 DEGs after 24 h, and a total of 2764 DEGs after 48 h. When cells were pretreated with metformin for 24 h, we identified a total of 105 DEGs after 6 h of cisplatin exposure, a total of 257 DEGs after 15 h, a total of 1450 DEGs after 24 h, and a total of 1463 DEGs after 48 h. The analysis was performed based on the gene expression, network analyses, and qRT-PCR, and we identified several genes (CSF2, FOS, JUN, TNFα, NFκB, Txnip, ASK1, TXN2, ATF3, TP53, IL6, and IGF1) as metformin-related preventive biomarkers in cisplatin ototoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehee Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul 07441, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul 07441, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Hyun Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul 07441, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi Jung Im
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Chang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul 07441, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +82-2-6960-1270
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21
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Werner H, LeRoith D. Hallmarks of cancer: The insulin-like growth factors perspective. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1055589. [PMID: 36479090 PMCID: PMC9720135 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1055589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of a series of attributes or hallmarks that are shared by virtually all cancer cells constitutes a true milestone in cancer research. The conceptualization of a catalogue of common genetic, molecular, biochemical and cellular events under a unifying Hallmarks of Cancer idea had a major impact in oncology. Furthermore, the fact that different types of cancer, ranging from pediatric tumors and leukemias to adult epithelial cancers, share a large number of fundamental traits reflects the universal nature of the biological events involved in oncogenesis. The dissection of a complex disease like cancer into a finite directory of hallmarks is of major basic and translational relevance. The role of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) as a progression/survival factor required for normal cell cycle transition has been firmly established. Similarly well characterized are the biochemical and cellular activities of IGF1 and IGF2 in the chain of events leading from a phenotypically normal cell to a diseased one harboring neoplastic traits, including growth factor independence, loss of cell-cell contact inhibition, chromosomal abnormalities, accumulation of mutations, activation of oncogenes, etc. The purpose of the present review is to provide an in-depth evaluation of the biology of IGF1 at the light of paradigms that emerge from analysis of cancer hallmarks. Given the fact that the IGF1 axis emerged in recent years as a promising therapeutic target, we believe that a careful exploration of this signaling system might be of critical importance on our ability to design and optimize cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haim Werner
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Derek LeRoith
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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22
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Wang Y, Liu J, Liu H, Sun X, Chen R, Liao B, Zeng X, Zhang X, Dong S, Xia Z, Yuan J. Slow flow induces endothelial dysfunction by regulating thioredoxin-interacting protein-mediated oxidative metabolism and vascular inflammation. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1064375. [PMID: 36465470 PMCID: PMC9708747 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1064375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells are highly sensitive to hemodynamic shear stresses, which act in the blood flow's direction on the blood vessel's luminal surface. Thus, endothelial cells on that surface are exposed to various physiological and pathological stimuli, such as disturbed flow-induced shear stress, which may exert effects on adaptive vascular diameter or structural wall remodeling. Here we showed that plasma thioredoxin-interactive protein (TXNIP) and malondialdehyde levels were significantly increased in patients with slow coronary flow. In addition, human endothelial cells exposed to disturbed flow exhibited increased levels of TXNIP in vitro. On the other hand, deletion of human endothelial TXNIP increased capillary formation, nitric oxide production and mitochondrial function, as well as lessened oxidative stress response and endothelial cell inflammation. Additional beneficial impacts from TXNIP deletion were also seen in a glucose utilization study, as reflected by augmented glucose uptake, lactate secretion and extracellular acidification rate. Taken together, our results suggested that TXNIP is a key component involved in mediating shear stress-induced inflammation, energy homeostasis, and glucose utilization, and that TXNIP may serve as a potentially novel endothelial dysfunction regulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongshun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jingjin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huadong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ruimian Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bihong Liao
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoyi Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoxin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shaohong Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhengyuan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jie Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
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23
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Xue Q, Liu X, Zhu R, Zhang T, Dong X, Jiang Y. Comprehensive analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics to understand chronic ethanol induced murine cardiotoxicity. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 478:1345-1359. [PMID: 36309883 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04592-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol abuse has attracted public attention and long-term alcohol exposure can lead to alcohol-featured non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy. However, the precise underlying mechanisms of alcoholic cardiomyopathy remain to be elucidated. This study aimed to comprehensively characterize alcohol abuse-mediated effects on downstream metabolites and genes transcription using a multi-omics strategy. We established chronic ethanol intoxication model in adult male C57BL/6 mice through 8 weeks of 95% alcohol vapor administration and performed metabolomics analysis, mRNA-seq and microRNA-seq analysis with myocardial tissues. Firstly, ethanol markedly induced ejection fraction reductions, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and myocardial fibrosis in mice with myocardial oxidative injury. In addition, the omics analysis identified a total of 166 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs), 241 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 19 differentially expressed microRNAs (DEmiRNAs), respectively. The results highlighted that alcohol abuse mainly interfered with endogenous lipids, amino acids and nucleotides production and the relevant genes transcription in mice hearts. Based on KEGG database, the affected signaling pathways are primarily mapped to the antigen processing and presentation, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, AMPK signaling pathway, tyrosine metabolism and PPAR signaling pathway, etc. Furthermore, 9 hub genes related to oxidative stress from DEGs were selected based on function annotation, and potential alcoholic cardiotoxic oxidative stress biomarkers were determined through establishing PPI network and DEmiRNAs-DEGs cross-talk. Altogether, our data strongly supported the conclusion that ethanol abuse characteristically affected amino acid and energy metabolism, nucleotide metabolism and especially lipids metabolism in mice hearts, and underlined the values of lipids signaling and oxidative stress in the treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiupeng Xue
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiaochen Liu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Rongzhe Zhu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiaoru Dong
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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24
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D’Annibale V, Fracassi D, Marracino P, D’Inzeo G, D’Abramo M. Effects of Environmental and Electric Perturbations on the pKa of Thioredoxin Cysteine 35: A Computational Study. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27196454. [PMID: 36234991 PMCID: PMC9570579 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Here we present a theoretical-computational study dealing with the evaluation of the pKa of the Cysteine residues in Thioredoxin (TRX) and in its complex with the Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP). The free energy differences between the anionic and neutral form of the Cysteine 32 and 35 have been evaluated by means of the Perturbed Matrix Method with classical perturbations due to both the environment and an exogenous electric field as provided by Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations. The evaluation of the free energies allowed us to show that the effect of the perturbing terms is to lower the pKa of Cysteine 32 and Cysteine 35 with respect to the free amino-acid. On the other hand, in the complex TRX-TXNIP, our data show an enhanced stabilization of the neutral reduced form of Cys 35. These results suggest that external electric stimuli higher than 0.02 V/nm can modulate the Cysteine pKa, which can be connected to the tight regulation of the TRX acting as an antioxidant agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria D’Annibale
- Department of Chemistry, La Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering, La Sapienza University of Rome, Via Antonio Scarpa 14, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Donatella Fracassi
- Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications, La Sapienza University of Rome, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Marracino
- Rise Technology S.r.l., Lungomare Paolo Toscanelli, 00121 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (P.M.); (M.D.)
| | - Guglielmo D’Inzeo
- Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications, La Sapienza University of Rome, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco D’Abramo
- Department of Chemistry, La Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (P.M.); (M.D.)
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25
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CX3CL1 Derived from Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Inhibits Aβ1-42-Induced SH-SY5Y Cell Pathological Damage through TXNIP/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:1949344. [PMID: 36118839 PMCID: PMC9477634 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1949344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most commonly seen neurodegenerative brain disorder. The paracrine effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) signify to trigger immunomodulation and neural regeneration. However, the role and mechanism of bone marrow MSC- (BMSC-) derived CX3CL1 in AD remains elusive. In this study, Aβ1-42-intervened SH-SY5Y cells were used for AD cell model construction. pcDNA-ligated CX3CL1 overexpression plasmids were transfected into BMSCs. The levels of soluble and membrane-bound CX3CL1 were detected by ELISA and Western blotting (WB), respectively. The growth, apoptosis, and pathology of AD model cells were evaluated by CCK-8, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, morphology observation, biochemical examination, and WB. It was found that Aβ1-42 significantly reduced CX3CL1 expression either in soluble or membrane-bound form, cell viability, relative protein expression of synaptic markers, SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px contents, as well as Trx protein expression; in addition, it enhanced the apoptosis rate, the relative expression of cleaved caspase-3, Aβ, tau, p-Tau, Iba1, MDA, TXNIP, and NLRP3 in SH-SY5Y cells; however, the above effects were prominently reversed by the coculture of BMSCs. Moreover, overexpression of CX3CL1 in BMSCs observably strengthened the corresponding tendency caused by BMSCs. In conclusion, through the TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway, CX3CL1 derived from BMSCs inhibited pathological damage in Aβ1-42-induced SH-SY5Y.
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26
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Zhang Q, Wang HY, Nayak A, Nunez-Cruz S, Slupianek A, Liu X, Basappa J, Fan JS, Chekol S, Nejati R, Bogusz AM, Turner SD, Swaminathan K, Wasik MA. Induction of Transcriptional Inhibitor HES1 and the Related Repression of Tumor-Suppressor TXNIP Are Important Components of Cell-Transformation Program Imposed by Oncogenic Kinase NPM-ALK. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2022; 192:1186-1198. [PMID: 35640677 PMCID: PMC9379685 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2022.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study reports that hairy and enhancer of split homolog-1 (HES1), known to repress gene transcription in progenitor cells of several cell lineages, was strongly expressed in cells and tissues of T-cell lymphoma expressing the oncogenic chimeric tyrosine kinase nucleophosmin (NPM)-anaplastic lymphoma kinase [ALK; ALK+ T-cell lymphoma (TCL)]. The structural analysis of the Orange domain of HES1 indicated that HES1 formed a highly stable homodimer. Of note, repression of HES1 expression led to inhibition of ALK+ TCL cell growth in vivo. The expression of the HES1 gene was induced by NPM-ALK through activation of STAT3, which bound to the gene's promoter and induced the gene's transcription. NPM-ALK also directly phosphorylated HES1 protein. In turn, HES1 up-regulated and down-regulated in ALK+ TCL cells, the expression of numerous genes, protein products of which are involved in key cell functions, such as cell proliferation and viability. Among the genes inhibited by HES1 was thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), encoding a protein implicated in promotion of cell death in various types of cells. Accordingly, ALK+ TCL cells and tissues lacked expression of TXNIP, and its transcription was co-inhibited by HES1 and STAT3 in an NPM-ALK-dependent manner. Finally, the induced expression of TXNIP induced massive apoptotic cell death of ALK+ TCL cells. The results reveal a novel NPM-ALK-controlled pro-oncogenic regulatory network and document an important role of HES and TXNIP in the NPM-ALK-driven oncogenesis, with the former protein displaying oncogenic and the latter tumor suppressor properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hong Y Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Anindita Nayak
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Selene Nunez-Cruz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Artur Slupianek
- Department of Pathology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Xiaobin Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Johnvesly Basappa
- Department of Pathology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jing-Song Fan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Seble Chekol
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Reza Nejati
- Department of Pathology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Agata M Bogusz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Suzanne D Turner
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Mariusz A Wasik
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Pathology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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27
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Kim SK. The Mechanism of the NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Pathogenic Implication in the Pathogenesis of Gout. JOURNAL OF RHEUMATIC DISEASES 2022; 29:140-153. [PMID: 37475970 PMCID: PMC10324924 DOI: 10.4078/jrd.2022.29.3.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
The NACHT, LRR, and PYD-domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is an intracellular multi-protein signaling platform that is activated by cytosolic pattern-recognition receptors such as NLRs against endogenous and exogenous pathogens. Once it is activated by a variety of danger signals, recruitment and assembly of NLRP3, ASC, and pro-caspase-1 trigger the processing and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18. Multiple intracellular and extracellular structures and molecular mechanisms are involved in NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Gout is an autoinflammatory disease induced by inflammatory response through production of NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β by deposition of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in the articular joints and periarticular structures. NLRP3 inflammasome is considered a main therapeutic target in MSU crystal-induced inflammation in gout. Novel therapeutic strategies have been proposed to control acute flares of gouty arthritis and prophylaxis for gout flares through modulation of the NLRP3/IL-1 axis pathway. This review discusses the basic mechanism of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and the IL-1-induced inflammatory cascade and explains the NLRP3 inflammasome-induced pathogenic role in the pathogenesis of gout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Kyu Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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Tohi Y, Taoka R, Zhang X, Matsuoka Y, Yoshihara A, Ibuki E, Haba R, Akimitsu K, Izumori K, Kakehi Y, Sugimoto M. Antitumor Effects of Orally Administered Rare Sugar D-Allose in Bladder Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126771. [PMID: 35743212 PMCID: PMC9224251 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
D-allose is a rare sugar that has been reported to up-regulate thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) expression and affect the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the antitumor effect of D-allose is unknown. This study aimed to determine whether orally administered D-allose could be a candidate drug against bladder cancer (BC). To this end, BC cell lines were treated with varying concentrations of D-allose (10, 25, and 50 mM). Cell viability and intracellular ROS levels were assessed using cell viability assay and flow cytometry. TXNIP expression was evaluated using Western blotting. The antitumor effect of orally administered D-allose was assessed using a xenograft mouse model. D-allose reduced cell viability and induced intracellular ROS production in BC cells. Moreover, D-allose stimulated TXNIP expression in a dose-dependent manner. Co-treatment of D-allose and the antioxidant L-glutathione canceled the D-allose-induced reduction in cell viability and intracellular ROS elevation. Furthermore, oral administration of D-allose inhibited tumor growth without adverse effects (p < 0.05). Histopathological findings in tumor tissues showed that D-allose decreased the nuclear fission rate from 4.1 to 1.1% (p = 0.004). Oral administration of D-allose suppressed BC growth in a preclinical mouse model, possibly through up-regulation of TXNIP expression followed by an increase in intracellular ROS. Therefore, D-allose is a potential therapeutic compound for the treatment of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichiro Tohi
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-cho 761-0793, Japan; (Y.T.); (X.Z.); (Y.M.); (Y.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Rikiya Taoka
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-cho 761-0793, Japan; (Y.T.); (X.Z.); (Y.M.); (Y.K.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-cho 761-0793, Japan; (Y.T.); (X.Z.); (Y.M.); (Y.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Yuki Matsuoka
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-cho 761-0793, Japan; (Y.T.); (X.Z.); (Y.M.); (Y.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Akihide Yoshihara
- International Institute of Rare Sugar Research and Education, Kagawa University, 2393 Ikenobe, Miki-cho 761-0795, Japan; (A.Y.); (K.A.); (K.I.)
| | - Emi Ibuki
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-cho 761-0793, Japan; (E.I.); (R.H.)
| | - Reiji Haba
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-cho 761-0793, Japan; (E.I.); (R.H.)
| | - Kazuya Akimitsu
- International Institute of Rare Sugar Research and Education, Kagawa University, 2393 Ikenobe, Miki-cho 761-0795, Japan; (A.Y.); (K.A.); (K.I.)
| | - Ken Izumori
- International Institute of Rare Sugar Research and Education, Kagawa University, 2393 Ikenobe, Miki-cho 761-0795, Japan; (A.Y.); (K.A.); (K.I.)
| | - Yoshiyuki Kakehi
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-cho 761-0793, Japan; (Y.T.); (X.Z.); (Y.M.); (Y.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Mikio Sugimoto
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-cho 761-0793, Japan; (Y.T.); (X.Z.); (Y.M.); (Y.K.); (M.S.)
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Antioxidant Effect of Thioredoxin and Vitamin D3 in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:2590944. [PMID: 35547357 PMCID: PMC9085327 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2590944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Among the chronic diseases, chronic kidney failure is one of diseases that have the most difficulty in coping with oxidative stress due to the deterioration of the antioxidant system balance in the body. Beyond being a vitamin, 1α,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (vitamin D3) is a molecule that positively or negatively affects many enzymes which are in protein structures. Thioredoxin (TRX), which has an important role in the antioxidant system, is one of these proteins. By conducting this study, we wanted to emphasize the role of vitamin D3 in reducing the oxidative stress load on patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) via serum TRX level measurement. Methods In this study, we evaluated the medical treatments of 69 PD patients who were followed up routinely. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to whether they used vitamin D3 or not. 49 of our patients were using vitamin D3. While requesting routine laboratory tests, we reserved a separate serum sample to measure serum TRX levels by double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for all patients. Results Only one parameter has a significant statistical relationship with serum TRX level and the treatment protocol. The serum TRX level was significantly higher (211,62 U/l ± 314,46) in the group receiving vitamin D3 compared to the group which is not using Vitamin D3 (101,63 U/l ± 215,03) (p < 0,006). Conclusion This study highlights the importance of appropriate dose of vitamin D3 replacement especially in PD patients who are under intense oxidative stress compared to healthy individuals.
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Fudosteine attenuates acute lung injury in septic mice by inhibiting pyroptosis via the TXNIP/NLRP3/GSDMD pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 926:175047. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Abstract
Significance: Thioredoxin-interacting protein (Txnip) is an α-arrestin protein that acts as a cancer suppressor. Txnip is simultaneously a critical regulator of energy metabolism. Other alpha-arrestin proteins also play key roles in cell biology and cancer. Recent Advances: Txnip expression is regulated by multilayered mechanisms, including transcriptional regulation, microRNA, messenger RNA (mRNA) stabilization, and protein degradation. The Txnip-based connection between cancer and metabolism has been widely recognized. Meanwhile, new aspects are proposed for the mechanism of action of Txnip, including the regulation of RNA expression and autophagy. Arrestin domain containing 3 (ARRDC3), another α-arrestin protein, regulates endocytosis and signaling, whereas ARRDC1 and ARRDC4 regulate extracellular vesicle formation. Critical Issues: The mechanism of action of Txnip is yet to be elucidated. The regulation of intracellular protein trafficking by arrestin family proteins has opened an emerging field of biology and medical research, which needs to be examined further. Future Directions: A fundamental understanding of the mechanism of action of Txnip and other arrestin family members needs to be explored in the future to combat diseases such as cancer and diabetes. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 36, 1001-1022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Masutani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Tenri Health Care University, Tenri, Japan.,Department of Infection and Prevention, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Ogata FT, Simões Sato AY, Coppo L, Arai RJ, Stern AI, Pequeno Monteiro H. Thiol-Based Antioxidants and the Epithelial/Mesenchymal Transition in Cancer. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 36:1037-1050. [PMID: 34541904 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Significance: The epithelial/mesenchymal transition (EMT) is commonly associated with tumor metastasis. Oxidative and nitrosative stress is maintained in cancer cells and is involved in the EMT. Cancer cells are endowed with high levels of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants, which counteract the effects of oxidative and nitrosative stress. Thiol-based antioxidant systems such as the thioredoxin/thioredoxin reductase (Trx/TrxR) and glutathione/glutaredoxin (GSH/Grx) are continually active in cancer cells, while the thioredoxin-interacting protein (Txnip), the negative regulator of the Trx/TrxR system, is downregulated. Recent Advances: Trx/TrxR and GSH/Grx systems play a major role in maintaining EMT signaling and cancer cell progression. Critical Issues: Enhanced stress conditions stimulated in cancer cells inhibit EMT signaling. The elevated expression levels of the Trx/TrxR and GSH/Grx systems in these cells provide the antioxidant protection necessary to guarantee the occurrence of the EMT. Future Directions: Elevation of the intracellular reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide concentrations in cancer cells has been viewed as a promising strategy for elimination of these cells. The development of inhibitors of GSH synthesis and of the Trx/TrxR system together with genetic-based strategies to enhance Txnip levels may provide the necessary means to achieve this goal. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 36, 1037-1050.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Toshio Ogata
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapy-CTCMol, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alex Yuri Simões Sato
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapy-CTCMol, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucia Coppo
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Roberto Jun Arai
- Department of Oncology and Radiology, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina-Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Arnold Ira Stern
- Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Hugo Pequeno Monteiro
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapy-CTCMol, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Chung YJ, Salvi A, Kalailingam P, Alnawaz M, Tan SH, Pan JY, Tan NS, Thanabalu T. N-WASP Attenuates Cell Proliferation and Migration through ERK2-Dependent Enhanced Expression of TXNIP. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11040582. [PMID: 35453780 PMCID: PMC9029996 DOI: 10.3390/biology11040582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Neural Wiskott–Aldrich Syndrome Protein (N-WASP) regulates actin cytoskeleton remodeling and can, it has been suggested, suppress several cancers. In this study, HSC-5 cells, a mammalian cell line with reduced N-WASP expression, were used to generate control cells and HSC-5 cells with increased N-WASP expression that is comparable to that of normal keratinocytes. The two cell lines were used to elucidate the regulation of cell proliferation and migration by N-WASP. Our findings suggest that N-WASP increases ERK2-dependent phosphorylation of FOXO1 and increases TXNIP expression, which reduces cell proliferation and migration. This study is the first to propose an antiproliferative role of N-WASP, which is mediated via ERK2, and it suggests new avenues for cancer therapeutic research and treatment. Abstract Neural Wiskott–Aldrich Syndrome Protein (N-WASP) regulates actin cytoskeleton remodeling. It has been known that reduced N-WASP expression in breast and colorectal cancers is associated with poor prognosis. Here, we found reduced N-WASP expression in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) patient samples. The SCC cell line HSC-5 with reduced N-WASP expression was used to generate HSC-5CN (control) and HSC-5NW (N-WASP overexpression) cells. HSC-5NW cells had reduced cell proliferation and migration compared to HSC-5CN cells. HSC-5NW cells had increased phospho-ERK2 (extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2), phosphorylated Forkhead box protein class O1 (FOXO1) and reduced nuclear FOXO1 staining compared to HSC-5CN cells. Proteasome inhibition stabilized total FOXO1, however, not nuclear staining, suggesting that FOXO1 could be degraded in the cytoplasm. Inhibition of ERK2 enhanced nuclear FOXO1 levels and restored cell proliferation and migration of HSC-5NW to those of HSC-5CN cells, suggesting that ERK2 regulates FOXO1 activity. The expression of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), a FOXO1 target that inhibits thioredoxin and glucose uptake, was higher in HSC-5NW cells than in HSC-5CN cells. Knockdown of TXNIP in HSC-5NW cells restored cell proliferation and migration to those of HSC-5CN cells. Thus, we propose that N-WASP regulates cell proliferation and migration via an N-WASP-ERK2-FOXO1-TXNIP pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yat Joong Chung
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore; (Y.J.C.); (A.S.); (P.K.); (M.A.); (N.S.T.)
| | - Amrita Salvi
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore; (Y.J.C.); (A.S.); (P.K.); (M.A.); (N.S.T.)
| | - Pazhanichamy Kalailingam
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore; (Y.J.C.); (A.S.); (P.K.); (M.A.); (N.S.T.)
| | - Myra Alnawaz
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore; (Y.J.C.); (A.S.); (P.K.); (M.A.); (N.S.T.)
| | - Suat Hoon Tan
- National Skin Centre, 1 Mandalay Road, Singapore 308205, Singapore; (S.H.T.); (J.Y.P.)
| | - Jiun Yit Pan
- National Skin Centre, 1 Mandalay Road, Singapore 308205, Singapore; (S.H.T.); (J.Y.P.)
| | - Nguan Soon Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore; (Y.J.C.); (A.S.); (P.K.); (M.A.); (N.S.T.)
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore 308232, Singapore
| | - Thirumaran Thanabalu
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore; (Y.J.C.); (A.S.); (P.K.); (M.A.); (N.S.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +65-6316-2832; Fax: +65-6791-3856
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TXNIP: A Double-Edged Sword in Disease and Therapeutic Outlook. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7805115. [PMID: 35450411 PMCID: PMC9017576 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7805115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) was originally named vitamin D3 upregulated protein-1 (VDUP1) because of its ability to bind to thioredoxin (TRX) and inhibit TRX function and expression. TXNIP is an alpha-arrestin protein that is essential for redox homeostasis in the human body. TXNIP may act as a double-edged sword in the cell. The balance of TXNIP is crucial. A study has shown that TXNIP can travel between diverse intracellular locations and bind to different proteins to play different roles under oxidative stress. The primary function of TXNIP is to induce apoptosis or pyroptosis under oxidative stress. TXNIP also inhibits proliferation and migration in cancer cells, although TXNIP levels decrease, and function diminishes in various cancers. In this review, we summarized the main structure, binding proteins, pathways, and the role of TXNIP in diseases, aiming to explore the double-edged sword role of TXNIP, and expect it to be helpful for future treatment using TXNIP as a therapeutic target.
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35
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Localization of Thioredoxin-Interacting Protein in Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease Brains. NEUROSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/neurosci3020013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thioredoxin-Interacting Protein (TXNIP) has been shown to have significant pathogenic roles in many human diseases, particularly those associated with diabetes and hyperglycemia. Its main mode of action is to sequester thioredoxins, resulting in enhanced oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to identify if cellular expression of TXNIP in human aged and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brains correlated with pathological structures. This study employed fixed tissue sections and protein extracts of temporal cortex from AD and aged control brains. Studies employed light and fluorescent immunohistochemical techniques using the monoclonal antibody JY2 to TXNIP to identify cellular structures. Immunoblots were used to quantify relative amounts of TXNIP in brain protein extracts. The major finding was the identification of TXNIP immunoreactivity in selective neuronal populations and structures, particularly in non-AD brains. In AD brains, less neuronal TXNIP but increased numbers of TXNIP-positive plaque-associated microglia were observed. Immunoblot analyses showed no significant increase in levels of TXNIP protein in the AD samples tested. In conclusion, this study identified altered patterns of expression of TXNIP in human brains with progression of AD pathology.
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36
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Basnet R, Bahadur T, Basnet BB, Khadka S. Overview on thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP): a potential target for diabetes intervention. Curr Drug Targets 2022; 23:761-767. [PMID: 35240955 DOI: 10.2174/1389450123666220303092324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common metabolic disorder characterized by a persistent increment of blood glucose. Type 2 DM is characterized by insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is among the factors that control the production and loss of pancreatic β-cells. OBJECTIVE Recent studies have shown that high glucose can significantly up-regulate the expression of the TXNIP. Overexpression of TXNIP in β-cells not only induced apoptosis but also decreased the production of insulin. At the same time, TXNIP deficiency protected the apoptosis of β-cells, leading to increased insulin production. Therefore, finding small molecules that can modulate TXNIP expression and downstream signalling pathways is essential. Thus, the inhibition of TXNIP has beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system and other tissues such as the heart and the kidney in DM. Therefore, DM treatment must target small TXNIP activity, inhibit expression, and promote endogenous cell mass and insulin production. CONCLUSION This review briefly describes the effect mechanism, regulatory mechanism, and crystal structure of TXNIP. In addition, we highlight how TXNIP signalling networks contribute to diabetes and interact with drugs that inhibit the development often and its complexes. Finally, the current status and prospects of TXNIP targeted therapy are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Basnet
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Til Bahadur
- Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Buddha Bahadur Basnet
- Faculty of Science, Nepal Academy of Science and Technology, Government of Nepal, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - Sandhya Khadka
- Department of Pharmacy, Hope International College, Purbanchal University, Lalitpur, Nepal
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Chaves AB, Miranda ER, Mey JT, Blackburn BK, Fuller KNZ, Stearns B, Ludlow A, Williamson DL, Houmard JA, Haus JM. Exercise reduces the protein abundance of TXNIP and its interacting partner REDD1 in skeletal muscle: potential role for a PKA-mediated mechanism. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2022; 132:357-366. [PMID: 34941434 PMCID: PMC8791844 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00229.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) negatively effects the redox state and growth signaling via its interactions with thioredoxin (TRX) and regulated in development and DNA damage response 1 (REDD1), respectively. TXNIP expression is downregulated by pathways activated during aerobic exercise (AE), via posttranslational modifications (PTMs; serine phosphorylation and ubiquitination). The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of acute AE on TXNIP expression, posttranslational modifications, and its interacting partners, REDD1 and TRX. Fifteen healthy adults performed 30 min of aerobic exercise (80% V̇o2max) with muscle biopsies taken before, immediately following, and 3 h following the exercise bout. To explore potential mechanisms underlying our in vivo findings, primary human myotubes were exposed to two models of exercise, electrical pulse stimulation (EPS) and palmitate-forskolin-ionomycin (PFI). Immediately following exercise, TXNIP protein decreased, but returned to preexercise levels 3 h after exercise. These results were replicated in our PFI exercise model only. Although not statistically significant, there was a trending main effect in serine-phosphorylation status of TXNIP (P = 0.07) immediately following exercise. REDD1 protein decreased 3 h after exercise. AE had no effect on TRX protein expression, gene expression, or the activity of its reducing enzyme, thioredoxin reductase. Consequently, AE had no effect on the TRX: TXNIP interaction. Our results indicate that AE leads to acute reductions in TXNIP and REDD1 protein expression. However, these changes did not result in alterations in the TRX: TXNIP interaction and could not be entirely explained by alterations in TXNIP PTMs or changes in TRX expression or activity.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Aerobic exercise is an effective tool in the prevention and treatment of several chronic metabolic diseases. However, the mechanisms through which these benefits are conferred have yet to be fully elucidated. Our data reveal a novel effect of aerobic exercise on reducing the protein expression of molecular targets that negatively impact redox and insulin/growth signaling in skeletal muscle. These findings contribute to the expanding repository of molecular signatures provoked by aerobic exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alec B. Chaves
- 1Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Edwin R. Miranda
- 2School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jacob T. Mey
- 3Integrated Physiology and Molecular Metabolism, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Brian K. Blackburn
- 4Applied Health Sciences and Kinesiology, Humboldt State University, Arcata, California
| | - Kelly N. Z. Fuller
- 5Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Blaise Stearns
- 2School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Andrew Ludlow
- 2School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - David L. Williamson
- 6School of Behavioral Sciences and Education, Penn State University Harrisburg, Middletown, Pennsylvania
| | - Joseph A. Houmard
- 1Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Jacob M. Haus
- 2School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Differentially Expressed Hepatic Genes Revealed by Transcriptomics in Pigs with Different Liver Lipid Contents. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2315575. [PMID: 35132345 PMCID: PMC8817107 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2315575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The liver is the center for uptake, synthesis, packaging, and secretion of lipids and lipoproteins. The research on lipid metabolism in pigs is limited. The objective of the present study is to identify the genes related to lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in pigs by using transcriptomic analysis. Liver segments were collected from 60 Jinhua pigs for the determination of liver lipid content. The 7 pigs with the highest and lowest liver lipid content were set as group H and group L, respectively. Liver segments and serum samples were collected from each pig of the H and L groups for RNA sequencing and the determination of triglycerides (TG) content and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) content, respectively. The HDL content in the serum of pigs in the H group was significantly higher than the L group (
). From transcriptomic sequencing, 6162 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, among which 2962 were upregulated and 3200 downregulated genes with the increase in the liver content of Jinhua pigs. After GO enrichment and KEGG analyses, lipid modification, cellular lipid metabolic process, cholesterol biosynthetic process, fatty acid metabolic process, oxidoreduction coenzyme metabolic process, oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors, response to oxidative stress, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), sphingolipid metabolism, and oxidative phosphorylation pathways were involved in lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in Jinhua pigs. For further validation, we selected 10 DEGs including 7 upregulated genes (APOE, APOA1, APOC3, LCAT, CYP2E1, GPX1, and ROMO1) and 4 downregulated genes (PPARA, PPARGC1A, and TXNIP) for RT-qPCR verification. To validate these results in other pig species, we analyzed these 10 DEGs in the liver of Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire pigs. Similar expression patterns of these 10 DEGs were observed. These data would provide an insight to understand the gene functions regulating lipid metabolism and oxidative stress and would potentially provide theoretical basis for the development of strategies to modulate lipid metabolism and even control human diabetes and obesity by gene regulations.
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Yu W, Chen C, Zhuang W, Wang W, Liu W, Zhao H, Lv J, Xie D, Wang Q, He F, Xu C, Chen B, Yamamoto T, Koyama H, Cheng J. Silencing TXNIP ameliorates high uric acid-induced insulin resistance via the IRS2/AKT and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways in macrophages. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 178:42-53. [PMID: 34848368 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) promotes atherosclerosis and increases the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Our previous studies have demonstrated that high uric acid (HUA) increased oxidative stress, leading to IR in cardiomyocytes and pancreatic β cells. However, whether HUA can induce IR in monocytes/macrophages, which play critical roles in all stages of atherosclerosis, is unclear. Recent findings revealed that thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) negatively regulates insulin signaling; however, the roles and mechanisms of TXNIP in HUA-induced IR remain unclear. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the function of TXNIP in macrophages treated with UA. Transcriptomic profiling revealed TXNIP as one of the most upregulated genes, and subsequent RT-PCR and Western blot analyses confirmed that TXNIP was upregulated by HUA. HUA treatment significantly increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (MtROS) levels and decreased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. Silencing TXNIP by RNA interference significantly diminished HUA-induced oxidative stress and IR. Mechanistically, silencing TXNIP reversed the inhibition of the phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2)/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway induced by HUA. Additional study revealed that HUA induced the activation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) signaling pathway, but silencing TXNIP abolished it. Moreover, Nrf2 inhibitor (ML385) ameliorated HUA-induced IR independent of IRS2/AKT signaling. Probenecid, a well-known UA-lowering drug, significantly suppressed the activation of TXNIP and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling. Furthermore, RNA-seq revealed that activation of the TXNIP-related redox pathway may be a key regulator in patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia. These data suggest that silencing TXNIP could ameliorate HUA-induced IR via the IRS2/AKT and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways in macrophages. Additionally, TXNIP might be a promising therapeutic target for preventing and treating oxidative stress and IR induced by HUA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Chunjuan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Wanling Zhuang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Weidong Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hairong Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jiaming Lv
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - De Xie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Furong He
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Chenxi Xu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Bingyang Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Tetsuya Yamamoto
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Clinical Immunology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hidenori Koyama
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Clinical Immunology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Jidong Cheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Clinical Immunology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Nucleic Acid Metabolism and Regulation, Xiamen, Fujian, China
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Wu G, Li S, Qu G, Hua J, Zong J, Li X, Xu F. Genistein alleviates H 2O 2-induced senescence of human umbilical vein endothelial cells via regulating the TXNIP/NLRP3 axis. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2021; 59:1388-1401. [PMID: 34663173 PMCID: PMC8526007 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.1979052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Genistein (Gen) has shown protective effects against ageing process. OBJECTIVE To explore the role of Gen on the senescence of H2O2-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and investigate the possible mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS HUVECs were treated with different concentrations of H2O2 (50, 100, 200 and 400 μmol/L) for 1 h or Gen administration (20, 40, 80 and 160 μg/mL) for 24 h. Functional experiments (cell counting kit-8, β-galactosidase staining and flow cytometry) were used to detect the effect of Gen on H2O2-induced HUVECs. After HUVECs were transfected with TXNIP overexpression plasmids, the expression of p16, p21, thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain-like receptor 3 (NLRP3), cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-1 in HUVECs were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot. RESULTS H2O2 (200 and 400 μmol/L) inhibited the proliferation of HUVECs. At concentrations of >50 μmol/L, H2O2 induced the cell cycle progression arrests in G1 phase and promoted cell senescence of HUVECs. Gen had no obvious cytotoxicity to HUVECs below 160 µg/mL. H2O2-induced HUVEC senescence and the expression of TXNIP and NLRP3 in HUVECs were down-regulated by Gen (40 and 80 µg/mL). Expressions of TXNIP and NLRP3 in HUVECs were up-regulated by H2O2 but down-regulated by Gen. Overexpressed TXNIP partially reversed the suppressive effect of Gen on H2O2-induced senescence and apoptosis of HUVECs. Expressions of p16, p21, TXNIP, NLRP3, cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-1 in H2O2-treated HUVECs were inhibited by Gen, while the inhibition as such was partially reversed by overexpressed TXNIP. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS H2O2-induced HUVEC senescence was alleviated by Gen via suppressing the TXNIP/NLRP3 axis, which may offer a potential therapeutic approach for improving HUVEC senescence and provide a new direction for the treatment of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihua Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, Nantong First Geriatric Hospital, Nantong City, China
| | - Siming Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Harbin Second Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Guangjin Qu
- Cadre Ward of The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin City, China
| | - Jiajia Hua
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nantong First Elderly Hospital, Nantong City, China
| | - Jing Zong
- Department of Geriatrics, Nantong First Geriatric Hospital, Nantong City, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, East Hospital, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Nanhui New City, China
| | - Fanghui Xu
- Department of Geriatrics, Harbin Second Hospital, Harbin, China
- CONTACT Fanghui Xu Department of Geriatrics, Harbin Second Hospital, No. 38 Weixing Road, Daowai District, Harbin 150020, China
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Exercise Cuts Both Ways with ROS in Remodifying Innate and Adaptive Responses: Rewiring the Redox Mechanism of the Immune System during Exercise. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111846. [PMID: 34829717 PMCID: PMC8615250 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nearly all cellular functions depend on redox reactions, including those of immune cells. However, how redox reactions are rearranged to induce an immune response to the entry of pathogens into the host is a complex process. Understanding this scenario will facilitate identification of the roles of specific types of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the immune system. Although the detrimental effect of ROS could support the innate immune system, the adaptive immune system also requires a low level of ROS in order to stimulate various molecular functions. The requirements and functions of ROS vary in different cells, including immune cells. Thus, it is difficult to understand the specific ROS types and their targeting functions. Incomplete transfer of electrons to a specific target, along with failure of the antioxidant response, could result in oxidative-damage-related diseases, and oxidative damage is a common phenomenon in most immune disorders. Exercise is a noninvasive means of regulating ROS levels and antioxidant responses. Several studies have shown that exercise alone boosts immune functions independent of redox reactions. Here, we summarize how ROS target various signaling pathways of the immune system and its functions, along with the possible role of exercise in interfering with immune system signaling.
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Atlas D. Emerging therapeutic opportunities of novel thiol-amides, NAC-amide (AD4/NACA) and thioredoxin mimetics (TXM-Peptides) for neurodegenerative-related disorders. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 176:120-141. [PMID: 34481041 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.08.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Understanding neurodegenerative diseases have challenged scientists for decades. It has become apparent that a decrease in life span is often correlated with the development of neurodegenerative disorders. Oxidative stress and the subsequent inflammatory damages appear to contribute to the different molecular and biochemical mechanisms associated with neurodegeneration. In this review, I examine the protective properties of novel amino acid based compounds, comprising the AD series (AD1-AD7) in particular N-acetylcysteine amide, AD4, also called NACA, and the series of thioredoxin mimetic (TXM) peptides, TXM-CB3-TXM-CB16. Designed to cross the blood-brain-barrier (BBB) and permeate the cell membrane, these antioxidant/anti-inflammatory compounds may enable effective treatment of neurodegenerative related disorders. The review addresses the molecular mechanism of cellular protection exhibited by these new reagents, focusing on the reversal of oxidative stress, mitochondrial stress, inflammatory damages, and prevention of premature cell death. In addition, it will cover the outlook of the clinical prospects of AD4/NACA and the thioredoxin-mimetic peptides, which are currently in development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne Atlas
- Professor of Neurochemistry, Dept. of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel.
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Malayeri A, Zakerkish M, Ramesh F, Galehdari H, Hemmati AA, Angali KA. The Effect of Verapamil on TXNIP Gene Expression, GLP1R mRNA, FBS, HbA1c, and Lipid Profile in T2DM Patients Receiving Metformin and Sitagliptin. Diabetes Ther 2021; 12:2701-2713. [PMID: 34480721 PMCID: PMC8418290 DOI: 10.1007/s13300-021-01145-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most common type of diabetes. A decrease in the number of pancreatic beta cells is a pathological sign of diabetes, and to date there is no drug treatment that targets damage to these cells. Pancreatic beta cells have a weak antioxidant system and are highly sensitive to oxidative stress reactions that occur within cells. Thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP) inhibits thioredoxin, which is part of the intracellular antioxidant system, thereby accelerating oxidative stress and apoptosis of pancreatic beta cells. Verapamil is a non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. The efficacy of this drug to improve beta cell survival and glucose homeostasis by inhibiting TXNIP expression has been demonstrated in in vitro studies. Although several retrospective studies have shown a lower incidence of T2DM with verapamil treatment, no prospective intervention studies have determined the efficacy of this drug in patients with T2DM. METHODS The aim of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral verapamil administration in T2DM patients. In this 90-day study, the effects of verapamil on fasting blood sugar (FBS), hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), and the lipid profile were evaluated and compared with those of the placebo. RESULTS There was a significant decrease in HbA1c (about 0.5%) in the verapamil group at the end of the intervention period. The effects of verapamil on TXNIP gene expression and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP1R) mRNA were compared with those of the placebo (at baseline, after 15 and 30 days, and at the end of the study). During the first month of the study, decreased TXNIP gene expression and increased GLP1R mRNA were associated with the administration of verapamil when compared with the placebo, although the differences were not significant. CONCLUSION Verapamil can lead to better control of T2DM by reducing TXNIP gene expression and increasing beta cell survival and, possibly, by other mechanisms. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION IRCT registration no.: IRCT20180417039339N1 ( https://www.IRCT.ir ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Malayeri
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mehrnoosh Zakerkish
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes Research Centre, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Farrokh Ramesh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hamid Galehdari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Hemmati
- Medicinal Plant Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Kambiz A Angali
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Kojima K, Ichijo H, Naguro I. Molecular functions of ASK family in diseases caused by stress-induced inflammation and apoptosis. J Biochem 2021; 169:395-407. [PMID: 33377973 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvaa145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
VCells are constantly exposed to various types of stress, and disruption of the proper response leads to a variety of diseases. Among them, inflammation and apoptosis are important examples of critical responses and should be tightly regulated, as inappropriate control of these responses is detrimental to the organism. In several disease states, these responses are abnormally regulated, with adverse effects. Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase (ASK) family members are stress-responsive kinases that regulate inflammation and apoptosis after a variety of stimuli, such as oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress. In this review, we summarize recent reports on the ASK family in terms of their involvement in inflammatory diseases, focussing on upstream stimuli that regulate ASK family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Kojima
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hidenori Ichijo
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Isao Naguro
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Cao X, He W, Pang Y, Cao Y, Qin A. Redox-dependent and independent effects of thioredoxin interacting protein. Biol Chem 2021; 401:1215-1231. [PMID: 32845855 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2020-0181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP) is an important physiological inhibitor of the thioredoxin (TXN) redox system in cells. Regulation of TXNIP expression and/or activity not only plays an important role in redox regulation but also exerts redox-independent physiological effects that exhibit direct pathophysiological consequences including elevated inflammatory response, aberrant glucose metabolism, cellular senescence and apoptosis, cellular immunity, and tumorigenesis. This review provides a brief overview of the current knowledge concerning the redox-dependent and independent roles of TXNIP and its relevance to various disease states. The implications for the therapeutic targeting of TXNIP will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiankun Cao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639, Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011,People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxin He
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639, Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011,People's Republic of China
| | - Yichuan Pang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011,People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Orthopaedics and Institute of Precision Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639, Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011,People's Republic of China
| | - An Qin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639, Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011,People's Republic of China
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Mukai N, Nakayama Y, Abdali SA, Yoshioka J. Cardiomyocyte-specific Txnip C247S mutation improves left ventricular functional reserve in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 321:H259-H274. [PMID: 34085839 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00174.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Underlying molecular mechanisms for the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy remain to be determined. Long-term exposure to hyperglycemia causes oxidative stress, which leads to cardiomyocyte dysfunction. Previous studies established the importance of thioredoxin-interacting protein (Txnip) in cellular redox homeostasis and glucose metabolism. Txnip is a highly glucose-responsive molecule that interacts with the catalytic center of reduced thioredoxin and inhibits the antioxidant function of thioredoxin. Here, we show that the molecular interaction between Txnip and thioredoxin plays a pivotal role in the regulation of redox balance in the diabetic myocardium. High glucose increased Txnip expression, decreased thioredoxin activities, and caused oxidative stress in cells. The Txnip-thioredoxin complex was detected in cells with overexpressing wild-type Txnip but not Txnip cysteine 247 to serine (C247S) mutant that disrupts the intermolecular disulfide bridge. Then, diabetes was induced in cardiomyocyte-specific Txnip C247S knock-in mice and their littermate control animals by injections of streptozotocin (STZ). Prolonged hyperglycemia upregulated myocardial Txnip expression in both genotypes. The absence of Txnip's inhibition of thioredoxin in Txnip C247S mutant hearts promoted mitochondrial antioxidative capacities in cardiomyocytes, thereby protecting the heart from oxidative damage by diabetes. Stress hemodynamic analysis uncovered that Txnip C247S knock-in hearts have a greater left ventricular contractile reserve than wild-type hearts under STZ-induced diabetic conditions. These results provide novel evidence that Txnip serves as a regulator of hyperglycemia-induced cardiomyocyte toxicities through direct inhibition of thioredoxin and identify the single cysteine residue in Txnip as a therapeutic target for diabetic injuries.NEW & NORTEWORTHY Thioredoxin-interacting protein (Txnip) has been of great interest as a molecular mechanism to mediate diabetic organ damage. Here, we provide novel evidence that a single mutation of Txnip confers a defense mechanism against myocardial oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. The results demonstrate the importance of Txnip as a cysteine-containing redox protein that regulates antioxidant thioredoxin via disulfide bond-switching mechanism and identify the cysteine in Txnip as a therapeutic target for diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiro Mukai
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, City University of New York School of Medicine, City College of New York, New York, New York
| | - Yoshinobu Nakayama
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, City University of New York School of Medicine, City College of New York, New York, New York
| | - Syed Amir Abdali
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, City University of New York School of Medicine, City College of New York, New York, New York
| | - Jun Yoshioka
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, City University of New York School of Medicine, City College of New York, New York, New York
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Xue Y, Wang SK, Rana P, West ER, Hong CM, Feng H, Wu DM, Cepko CL. AAV-Txnip prolongs cone survival and vision in mouse models of retinitis pigmentosa. eLife 2021; 10:e66240. [PMID: 33847261 PMCID: PMC8081528 DOI: 10.7554/elife.66240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is an inherited retinal disease affecting >20 million people worldwide. Loss of daylight vision typically occurs due to the dysfunction/loss of cone photoreceptors, the cell type that initiates our color and high-acuity vision. Currently, there is no effective treatment for RP, other than gene therapy for a limited number of specific disease genes. To develop a disease gene-agnostic therapy, we screened 20 genes for their ability to prolong cone photoreceptor survival in vivo. Here, we report an adeno-associated virus vector expressing Txnip, which prolongs the survival of cone photoreceptors and improves visual acuity in RP mouse models. A Txnip allele, C247S, which blocks the association of Txnip with thioredoxin, provides an even greater benefit. Additionally, the rescue effect of Txnip depends on lactate dehydrogenase b (Ldhb) and correlates with the presence of healthier mitochondria, suggesting that Txnip saves RP cones by enhancing their lactate catabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlu Xue
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Sean K Wang
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Howard Hughs Medical InstituteChevy ChaseUnited States
| | - Parimal Rana
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Emma R West
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Howard Hughs Medical InstituteChevy ChaseUnited States
| | - Christin M Hong
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Howard Hughs Medical InstituteChevy ChaseUnited States
| | - Helian Feng
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonUnited States
| | - David M Wu
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Retina Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Constance L Cepko
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Howard Hughs Medical InstituteChevy ChaseUnited States
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Eissa LD, Ghobashy WA, El-Azab MF. Inhibition of thioredoxin-interacting protein and inflammasome assembly using verapamil mitigates diabetic retinopathy and pancreatic injury. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 901:174061. [PMID: 33766618 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
It has been previously demonstrated by our group that genetic inhibition of thioredoxin-interacting-protein (TXNIP) preserved retinal neuronal function in chemically-induced retinopathy. Moreover, elevated intracellular levels of TXNIP and calcium ions play important roles in hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. Current study aimed to appraise the potential therapeutic benefits of pharmacological inhibition of TXNIP using verapamil in diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy was assessed in type-1 diabetes rat model induced by a single intravenous injection of streptozotocin (45 mg/kg), with or without daily treatment with verapamil (10 mg/kg, oral) for 4 months. Verapamil treatment commenced 48 h post-streptozotocin insult and continued for 16 weeks. Untreated diabetic rats exhibited higher expression of toll-like-receptor-4 (TLR4), TXNIP, nucleotide-binding domain-like receptor protein-3 (NLRP3), caspase-1, cytochrome-c, and ssDNA as assessed immunohistochemically in both retinal and pancreatic tissues 16 weeks post-diabetes induction. This was associated with a reduced thioredoxin reductase (Trx-R) activity, increased release of TNF-α and IL-1β into vitreous fluid along with retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss, pancreatic islets shrinkage, and enhanced CD34 expression. The treatment with verapamil enhanced Trx-R activity, significantly inhibited TLR4 mediated NLRP3-inflammasome assembly with subsequent diminishing of inflammatory markers (TNF-α and IL-1β) release into the vitreous, suppression of pathological angiogenesis, and preservation of RGC count and pancreatic islets diameter. Current study showed that using the calcium channel blocker, verapamil, interferes with the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy and pancreatic islets damage at multiple levels mainly through the inhibition of TLR4, TXNIP and NLRP3-inflammasome, suggesting its promising role as an anti-diabetic and a neuroprotective agent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Waleed A Ghobashy
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mona F El-Azab
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
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Chandiramohan A, Dabaghi M, Aguiar JA, Tiessen N, Stewart M, Cao QT, Nguyen JP, Makhdami N, Cox G, Doxey AC, Hirota JA. Development and validation of an open-source, disposable, 3D-printed in vitro environmental exposure system for Transwell culture inserts. ERJ Open Res 2021; 7:00705-2020. [PMID: 33614779 PMCID: PMC7882787 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00705-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Accessible in vitro models recapitulating the human airway that are amenable to study whole cannabis smoke exposure are needed for immunological and toxicological studies that inform public health policy and recreational cannabis use. In the present study, we developed and validated a novel three-dimensional (3D)-printed in vitro exposure system (IVES) that can be directly applied to study the effect of cannabis smoke exposure on primary human bronchial epithelial cells. Using commercially available design software and a 3D printer, we designed a four-chamber Transwell insert holder for exposures to whole smoke. COMSOL Multiphysics software was used to model gas distribution, concentration gradients, velocity profile and shear stress within IVES. Following simulations, primary human bronchial epithelial cells cultured at the air–liquid interface on Transwell inserts were exposed to whole cannabis smoke using a modified version of the Foltin puff procedure. Following 24 h, outcome measurements included cell morphology, epithelial barrier function, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, cytokine expression and gene expression. Whole smoke delivered through IVES possesses velocity profiles consistent with uniform gas distribution across the four chambers and complete mixing. Airflow velocity ranged between 1.0 and 1.5 µm·s−1 and generated low shear stresses (<<1 Pa). Human airway epithelial cells exposed to cannabis smoke using IVES showed changes in cell morphology and disruption of barrier function without significant cytotoxicity. Cannabis smoke elevated interleukin-1 family cytokines and elevated CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 expression relative to control, validating IVES smoke exposure impacts in human airway epithelial cells at a molecular level. The growing legalisation of cannabis on a global scale must be paired with research related to potential health impacts of lung exposures. IVES represents an accessible, open-source, exposure system that can be used to model varying types of cannabis smoke exposures with human airway epithelial cells grown under air–liquid interface culture conditions. Development of an open-source, disposable, 3D-printed in vitro environmental exposure system for Transwell culture inserts that can be used for environmental exposures important for lung health, and validation with cannabis smoke exposurehttps://bit.ly/2JjgDrm
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Affiliation(s)
- Abiram Chandiramohan
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health - Division of Respirology, Dept of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,These authors contributed equally
| | - Mohammedhossein Dabaghi
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health - Division of Respirology, Dept of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,These authors contributed equally
| | | | - Nicholas Tiessen
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health - Division of Respirology, Dept of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Mary Stewart
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health - Division of Respirology, Dept of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Quynh T Cao
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health - Division of Respirology, Dept of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jenny P Nguyen
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health - Division of Respirology, Dept of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Nima Makhdami
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health - Division of Respirology, Dept of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Gerard Cox
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health - Division of Respirology, Dept of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew C Doxey
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health - Division of Respirology, Dept of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Dept of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Jeremy A Hirota
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health - Division of Respirology, Dept of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Dept of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.,McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Division of Respiratory Medicine, Dept of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Domingues A, Jolibois J, Marquet de Rougé P, Nivet-Antoine V. The Emerging Role of TXNIP in Ischemic and Cardiovascular Diseases; A Novel Marker and Therapeutic Target. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041693. [PMID: 33567593 PMCID: PMC7914816 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP) is a metabolism- oxidative- and inflammation-related marker induced in cardiovascular diseases and is believed to represent a possible link between metabolism and cellular redox status. TXNIP is a potential biomarker in cardiovascular and ischemic diseases but also a novel identified target for preventive and curative medicine. The goal of this review is to focus on the novelties concerning TXNIP. After an overview in TXNIP involvement in oxidative stress, inflammation and metabolism, the remainder of this review presents the clues used to define TXNIP as a new marker at the genetic, blood, or ischemic site level in the context of cardiovascular and ischemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Domingues
- INSERM 1140, Innovative Therapies in Haemostasis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; (A.D.); (J.J.); (P.M.d.R.)
| | - Julia Jolibois
- INSERM 1140, Innovative Therapies in Haemostasis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; (A.D.); (J.J.); (P.M.d.R.)
| | - Perrine Marquet de Rougé
- INSERM 1140, Innovative Therapies in Haemostasis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; (A.D.); (J.J.); (P.M.d.R.)
| | - Valérie Nivet-Antoine
- INSERM 1140, Innovative Therapies in Haemostasis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; (A.D.); (J.J.); (P.M.d.R.)
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, 75015 Paris, France
- Correspondence:
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