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Wang S, Liu W, Wei B, Wang A, Wang Y, Wang W, Gao J, Jin Y, Lu H, Ka Y, Yue Q. Traditional herbal medicine: Therapeutic potential in acute gouty arthritis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 330:118182. [PMID: 38621464 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Acute gouty arthritis (AGA) is characterized by a rapid inflammatory reaction caused by the build-up of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in the tissues surrounding the joints. This condition often associated with hyperuricemia (HUA), is distinguished by its symptoms of intense pain, active inflammation, and swelling of the joints. Traditional approaches in AGA management often fall short of desired outcomes in clinical settings. However, recent ethnopharmacological investigations have been focusing on the potential of Traditional Herbal Medicine (THM) in various forms, exploring their therapeutic impact and targets in AGA treatment. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review briefly summarizes the current potential pharmacological mechanisms of THMs - including active ingredients, extracts, and prescriptions -in the treatment of AGA, and discusses the relevant potential mechanisms and molecular targets in depth. The objective of this study is to offer extensive information and a reference point for the exploration of targeted AGA treatment using THMs. MATERIALS AND METHODS This review obtained scientific publications focused on in vitro and in vivo studies of anti-AGA THMs conducted between 2013 and 2023. The literature was collected from various journals and electronic databases, including PubMed, Elsevier, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The retrieval and analysis of relevant articles were guided by keywords such as "acute gouty arthritis and Chinese herbal medicine," "acute gouty arthritis herbal prescription," "acute gouty arthritis and immune cells," "acute gouty arthritis and inflammation," "acute gouty arthritis and NOD-like receptor thermoprotein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3)," "acute gouty arthritis and miRNA," and "acute gouty arthritis and oxidative stress." RESULTS We found that AGA has a large number of therapeutic targets, highlighting the effectiveness the potential of THMs in AGA treatment through in vitro and in vivo studies. THMs and their active ingredients can mitigate AGA symptoms through a variety of therapeutic targets, such as influencing macrophage polarization, neutrophils, T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and addressing factors like inflammation, NLRP3 inflammasome, signaling pathways, oxidative stress, and miRNA multi-target interactions. The anti-AGA properties of THMs, including their active components and prescriptions, were systematically summarized and categorized based on their respective therapeutic targets. CONCLUSION phenolic, flavonoid, terpenoid and alkaloid compounds in THMs are considered the key ingredients to improve AGA. THMs and their active ingredients achieve enhanced efficacy through interactions with multiple targets, of which NLRP3 is a main therapeutic target. Nonetheless, given the intricate composition of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), additional research is required to unravel the underlying mechanisms and molecular targets through which THMs alleviate AGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Wang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Wei Liu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China.
| | - Bowen Wei
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Aihua Wang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Yiwen Wang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Wen Wang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Jingyue Gao
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Yue Jin
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Hang Lu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Yuxiu Ka
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Qingyun Yue
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
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Oda M, Yamamoto H, Kawakami T. Maintenance of homeostasis by TLR4 ligands. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1286270. [PMID: 38715610 PMCID: PMC11074394 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1286270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is renowned for its capacity to elicit anti-infective and anti-cancer effects by harnessing immune responses to microbial components and bolstering innate healing mechanisms through a cascade of immunological reactions. Specifically, mammalian Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been identified as key receptors responsible for detecting microbial components. The discovery of these mammalian Toll-like receptors has clarified antigen recognition by the innate immune system. It has furnished a molecular foundation for comprehending the interplay between innate immunity and its anti-tumor or anti-infective capabilities. Moreover, accumulating evidence highlights the crucial role of TLRs in maintaining tissue homeostasis. It has also become evident that TLR-expressing macrophages play a central role in immunity by participating in the clearance of foreign substances, tissue repair, and the establishment of new tissue. This macrophage network, centered on macrophages, significantly contributes to innate healing. This review will primarily delve into innate immunity, specifically focusing on substances targeting TLR4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Oda
- Control of Innate Immunity, Technology Research Association, Takamatsu, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Yamamoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Takashige Kawakami
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, Japan
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Liu L, He S, Jia L, Yao H, Zhou D, Guo X, Miao L. Correlation analysis of serum TLR4 protein levels and TLR4 gene polymorphisms in gouty arthritis patients. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300582. [PMID: 38652726 PMCID: PMC11037531 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4-mediated nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway regulates the production of inflammatory factors and plays a key role in the pathogenesis of gouty arthritis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the link among TLR4 gene polymorphisms at various loci, protein expression, and gouty arthritis susceptibility. METHODS Between 2016 and 2021, a case-control study was used to collect a total of 1207 study subjects, including 317 male patients with gouty arthritis (gout group) and 890 healthy males (control group). The association between gout susceptibility and different genetic models was analyzed by typing three loci of the TLR4 gene (rs2149356, rs2737191, and rs10759932) using a multiplex point mutation rapid assay, and the association between protein expression and gout was confirmed by measuring TLR4 protein concentrations using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). RESULTS In a codominant models AA and AG, the rs2737191 polymorphism in the gout group increased the risk of gout compared to the AA genotype (OR = 2.249, 95%CI 1.010~5.008), and the risk of gout was higher for those carrying the G allele compared to the A allele (OR = 2.227, 95%CI 1.006~4.932). TLR4 protein expression was different between the two groups with different locus genotypes. The differences in TLR4 protein expression between the gout group and control group were statistically significant between the following genotypes: the GG and GT genotypes of the rs2149356 polymorphism; the AA and AG genotypes of the rs2737191 polymorphism; and the TT and TC genotypes of the rs10759932 polymorphism(P<0.05). The TLR4 protein level in the gout group (19.19±3.09 ng/ml) was significantly higher than that in the control group (15.85±4.75 ng/ml). CONCLUSION The AG genotype of the TLR4 gene rs2737191 polymorphism may be correlated with the development of gouty arthritis. The level of TLR4 protein expression is significantly higher in patients with gouty arthritis than in controls, and there is a correlation between high TLR4 protein expression and the development of gouty arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Shuang He
- Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lin Jia
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hua Yao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Dan Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaobin Guo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Lei Miao
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
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O'Reilly S. S100A4 a classical DAMP as a therapeutic target in fibrosis. Matrix Biol 2024; 127:1-7. [PMID: 38219976 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Fibrosis regardless of aetiology is characterised by persistently activated myofibroblasts that are contractile and secrete excessive amounts of extracellular matrix molecules that leads to loss of organ function. Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs) are endogenous host-derived molecules that are released from cells dying or under stress that can be triggered by a variety of insults, either chemical or physical, leading to an inflammatory response. Among these DAMPs is S100A4, part of the S100 family of calcium binding proteins that participate in a variety of cellular processes. S100A4 was first described in context of cancer as a pro-metastatic factor. It is now appreciated that aside from its role in cancer promotion, S100A4 is intimately involved in tissue fibrosis. The extracellular form of S100A4 exerts its effects through multiple receptors including Toll-Like Receptor 4 and RAGE to evoke signalling cascades involving downstream mediators facilitating extracellular matrix deposition and myofibroblast generation and can play a role in persistent activation of myofibroblasts. S100A4 may be best understood as an amplifier of inflammatory and fibrotic processes. S100A4 appears critical in systemic sclerosis pathogenesis and blocking the extracellular form of S100A4 in vivo in various animal models of disease mitigates fibrosis and may even reverse established disease. This review appraises S100A4's position as a DAMP and its role in fibrotic conditions and highlight therapeutically targeting this protein to halt fibrosis, suggesting that it is a tractable target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven O'Reilly
- Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham, United Kingdom.
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Liu Q, Li L, Zheng D, Jin S, Guan X, Fu Z, Xiong Z, Ding H. Mechanism of ShuiJingDan in Treating Acute Gouty Arthritis Flares Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:3493-3505. [PMID: 38034481 PMCID: PMC10683514 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s436360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study examined the underlying mechanisms of SJD's anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects on acute GA flares. Methods This study used pharmacology network and molecular docking methods. The active ingredients of ShuiJingDan (SJD) were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Analysis Platform (TCMSP), and the relevant targets of GA were obtained from the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database and Therapeutic Target Database (TTD). The core drug group-target-disease Venn diagram was formed by crossing the active ingredients of SJD and the relevant targets. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis was conducted for functional annotation, DAVID was used for Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes, and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis, and R was used to find the core targets. The accuracy of SJD network pharmacology analysis in GA treatment was verified by molecular docking simulations. Finally, a rat GA model was used to further verify the anti-inflammatory mechanism of SJD in the treatment of GA. Results SJD mainly acted on target genes including IL1B, PTGS2, CXCL8, EGF, and JUN, as well as signal pathways including NF-κB, Toll-like receptor (TLR), IL-17, and MAPK. The rat experiments showed that SJD could significantly relieve ankle swelling, reduce the local skin temperature, and increased the paw withdrawal threshold. SJD could also reduce synovial inflammation, reduced the concentrations of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-8, and COX-2 in the synovial fluid, and suppressed the expression of IL1B, CXCL8, and PTGS2 mRNA in the synovial tissue. Conclusion SJD has a good anti-inflammatory effect to treat GA attacks, by acting on target genes such as IL-1β, PTGS2, and CXCL8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingsong Liu
- Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lunyu Li
- School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Zheng
- Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Songlin Jin
- School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaotian Guan
- School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zeting Fu
- School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Xiong
- Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haili Ding
- Insititute of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
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Bagherifard A, Hosseinzadeh A, Koosha F, Sheibani M, Karimi-Behnagh A, Reiter RJ, Mehrzadi S. Melatonin and bone-related diseases: an updated mechanistic overview of current evidence and future prospects. Osteoporos Int 2023; 34:1677-1701. [PMID: 37393580 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-023-06836-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Bone diseases account for an enormous cost burden on health systems. Bone disorders are considered as age-dependent diseases. The aging of world population has encouraged scientists to further explore the most effective preventive modalities and therapeutic strategies to overcome and reduce the high cost of bone disorders. Herein, we review the current evidence of melatonin's therapeutic effects on bone-related diseases. METHODS This review summarized evidences from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies regarding the effects of melatonin on bone-related diseases, with a focus on the molecular mechanisms. Electronically, Scopus and MEDLINE®/PubMed databases were searched for articles published on melatonin and bone-related diseases from inception to June 2023. RESULTS The findings demonstrated that melatonin has beneficial effect in bone- and cartilage-related disorders such as osteoporosis, bone fracture healing, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis, in addition to the control of sleep and circadian rhythms. CONCLUSION A number of animal and clinical studies have indicated that various biological effects of melatonin may suggest this molecule as an effective therapeutic agent for controlling, diminishing, or suppressing bone-related disorders. Therefore, further clinical studies are required to clarify whether melatonin can be effective in patients with bone-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Bagherifard
- Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Hosseinzadeh
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Koosha
- Department of Radiology Technology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sheibani
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, Long School of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Saeed Mehrzadi
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Shen P, Serve S, Wu P, Liu X, Dai Y, Durán-Hernández N, Nguyen DTM, Fuchs M, Maleitzke T, Reisener MJ, Dzamukova M, Nussbaumer K, Brunner TM, Li Y, Holecska V, Heinz GA, Heinrich F, Durek P, Katsoula G, Gwinner C, Jung T, Zeggini E, Winkler T, Mashreghi MF, Pumberger M, Perka C, Löhning M. NOS inhibition reverses TLR2-induced chondrocyte dysfunction and attenuates age-related osteoarthritis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2207993120. [PMID: 37428931 PMCID: PMC10629581 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2207993120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disease featuring cartilage breakdown and chronic pain. Although age and joint trauma are prominently associated with OA occurrence, the trigger and signaling pathways propagating their pathogenic aspects are ill defined. Following long-term catabolic activity and traumatic cartilage breakdown, debris accumulates and can trigger Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Here we show that TLR2 stimulation suppressed the expression of matrix proteins and induced an inflammatory phenotype in human chondrocytes. Further, TLR2 stimulation impaired chondrocyte mitochondrial function, resulting in severely reduced adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that TLR2 stimulation upregulated nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) expression and downregulated mitochondria function-associated genes. NOS inhibition partially restored the expression of these genes, and rescued mitochondrial function and ATP production. Correspondingly, Nos2-/- mice were protected from age-related OA development. Taken together, the TLR2-NOS axis promotes human chondrocyte dysfunction and murine OA development, and targeted interventions may provide therapeutic and preventive approaches in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Shen
- Pitzer Laboratory of Osteoarthritis Research, German Rheumatism Research Center, a Leibniz Institute, 10117Berlin, Germany
- Experimental Immunology and Osteoarthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117Berlin, Germany
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Engineering Research Center of Henan Province, College of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003Xinxiang, China
| | - Sebastian Serve
- Pitzer Laboratory of Osteoarthritis Research, German Rheumatism Research Center, a Leibniz Institute, 10117Berlin, Germany
- Experimental Immunology and Osteoarthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117Berlin, Germany
| | - Peihua Wu
- Pitzer Laboratory of Osteoarthritis Research, German Rheumatism Research Center, a Leibniz Institute, 10117Berlin, Germany
- Experimental Immunology and Osteoarthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117Berlin, Germany
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Pitzer Laboratory of Osteoarthritis Research, German Rheumatism Research Center, a Leibniz Institute, 10117Berlin, Germany
- Experimental Immunology and Osteoarthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117Berlin, Germany
| | - Yujie Dai
- Pitzer Laboratory of Osteoarthritis Research, German Rheumatism Research Center, a Leibniz Institute, 10117Berlin, Germany
- Experimental Immunology and Osteoarthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117Berlin, Germany
| | - Nayar Durán-Hernández
- Pitzer Laboratory of Osteoarthritis Research, German Rheumatism Research Center, a Leibniz Institute, 10117Berlin, Germany
- Experimental Immunology and Osteoarthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117Berlin, Germany
| | - Dan Thi Mai Nguyen
- Pitzer Laboratory of Osteoarthritis Research, German Rheumatism Research Center, a Leibniz Institute, 10117Berlin, Germany
- Experimental Immunology and Osteoarthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Fuchs
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Ulm, 89081Ulm, Germany
| | - Tazio Maleitzke
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117Berlin, Germany
- Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health Charité Clinician Scientist Program, BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité–Universitätsmedizin, 10178Berlin, Germany
| | - Marie-Jacqueline Reisener
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Dzamukova
- Pitzer Laboratory of Osteoarthritis Research, German Rheumatism Research Center, a Leibniz Institute, 10117Berlin, Germany
- Experimental Immunology and Osteoarthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117Berlin, Germany
| | - Katrin Nussbaumer
- Pitzer Laboratory of Osteoarthritis Research, German Rheumatism Research Center, a Leibniz Institute, 10117Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias M. Brunner
- Pitzer Laboratory of Osteoarthritis Research, German Rheumatism Research Center, a Leibniz Institute, 10117Berlin, Germany
- Experimental Immunology and Osteoarthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117Berlin, Germany
| | - Yonghai Li
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Engineering Research Center of Henan Province, College of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003Xinxiang, China
| | - Vivien Holecska
- Pitzer Laboratory of Osteoarthritis Research, German Rheumatism Research Center, a Leibniz Institute, 10117Berlin, Germany
- Experimental Immunology and Osteoarthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117Berlin, Germany
| | - Gitta A. Heinz
- Systems Rheumatology and Therapeutic Gene Regulation, German Rheumatism Research Center, a Leibniz Institute, 10117Berlin, Germany
| | - Frederik Heinrich
- Systems Rheumatology and Therapeutic Gene Regulation, German Rheumatism Research Center, a Leibniz Institute, 10117Berlin, Germany
| | - Pawel Durek
- Systems Rheumatology and Therapeutic Gene Regulation, German Rheumatism Research Center, a Leibniz Institute, 10117Berlin, Germany
| | - Georgia Katsoula
- Technical University of Munich School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Graduate School of Experimental Medicine, 81675Munich, Germany
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Clemens Gwinner
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Jung
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117Berlin, Germany
| | - Eleftheria Zeggini
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764Neuherberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich and Klinikum Rechts der Isar, 81675Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Winkler
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117Berlin, Germany
- Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité ‒ Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353Berlin, Germany
| | - Mir-Farzin Mashreghi
- Systems Rheumatology and Therapeutic Gene Regulation, German Rheumatism Research Center, a Leibniz Institute, 10117Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Pumberger
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Perka
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117Berlin, Germany
| | - Max Löhning
- Pitzer Laboratory of Osteoarthritis Research, German Rheumatism Research Center, a Leibniz Institute, 10117Berlin, Germany
- Experimental Immunology and Osteoarthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117Berlin, Germany
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Liu P, Ma G, Wang Y, Wang L, Li P. Therapeutic effects of traditional Chinese medicine on gouty nephropathy: Based on NF-κB signalingpathways. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114199. [PMID: 36916428 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
As the final product of purine metabolism, excess serum uric acid (SUA) aggravates the process of some metabolic diseases. SUA causes renal tubule damage, interstitial fibrosis, and glomerular hardening, leading to gouty nephropathy (GN). A growing number of investigations have shown that NF-κB mediated inflammation and oxidative stress have been directly involved in the pathogenesis of GN. Traditional Chinese medicine's treatment methods of GN have amassed a wealth of treatment experience. In this review, we first describe the mechanism of NF-κB signaling pathways in GN. Subsequently, we highlight traditional Chinese medicine that can treat GN through NF-κB pathways. Finally, commenting on promising candidate targets of herbal medicine for GN treatment via suppressing NF-κB signaling pathways was summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Shunyi Hospital, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Station East 5, Shunyi District, Beijing 101300, China
| | - Guijie Ma
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Lifan Wang
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Harbin, China.
| | - Ping Li
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Bernabei I, So A, Busso N, Nasi S. Cartilage calcification in osteoarthritis: mechanisms and clinical relevance. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2023; 19:10-27. [PMID: 36509917 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-022-00875-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pathological calcification of cartilage is a hallmark of osteoarthritis (OA). Calcification can be observed both at the cartilage surface and in its deeper layers. The formation of calcium-containing crystals, typically basic calcium phosphate (BCP) and calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPP) crystals, is an active, highly regulated and complex biological process that is initiated by chondrocytes and modified by genetic factors, dysregulated mitophagy or apoptosis, inflammation and the activation of specific cellular-signalling pathways. The links between OA and BCP deposition are stronger than those observed between OA and CPP deposition. Here, we review the molecular processes involved in cartilage calcification in OA and summarize the effects of calcium crystals on chondrocytes, synovial fibroblasts, macrophages and bone cells. Finally, we highlight therapeutic pathways leading to decreased joint calcification and potential new drugs that could treat not only OA but also other diseases associated with pathological calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Bernabei
- Service of Rheumatology, Department of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexander So
- Service of Rheumatology, Department of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Nathalie Busso
- Service of Rheumatology, Department of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sonia Nasi
- Service of Rheumatology, Department of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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10
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Terkawi MA, Ebata T, Yokota S, Takahashi D, Endo T, Matsumae G, Shimizu T, Kadoya K, Iwasaki N. Low-Grade Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Osteoarthritis: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms and Strategies for Future Therapeutic Intervention. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051109. [PMID: 35625846 PMCID: PMC9139060 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a musculoskeletal disease characterized by cartilage degeneration and stiffness, with chronic pain in the affected joint. It has been proposed that OA progression is associated with the development of low-grade inflammation (LGI) in the joint. In support of this principle, LGI is now recognized as the major contributor to the pathogenesis of obesity, aging, and metabolic syndromes, which have been documented as among the most significant risk factors for developing OA. These discoveries have led to a new definition of the disease, and OA has recently been recognized as a low-grade inflammatory disease of the joint. Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs)/alarmin molecules, the major cellular components that facilitate the interplay between cells in the cartilage and synovium, activate various molecular pathways involved in the initiation and maintenance of LGI in the joint, which, in turn, drives OA progression. A better understanding of the pathological mechanisms initiated by LGI in the joint represents a decisive step toward discovering therapeutic strategies for the treatment of OA. Recent findings and discoveries regarding the involvement of LGI mediated by DAMPs in OA pathogenesis are discussed. Modulating communication between cells in the joint to decrease inflammation represents an attractive approach for the treatment of OA.
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11
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Chang CC, Lee KL, Chan TS, Chung CC, Liang YC. Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Downregulate Calcium Pyrophosphate Crystal Formation in Human Articular Chondrocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052604. [PMID: 35269745 PMCID: PMC8910507 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) deposition disease (CPPD) is a form of CPP crystal-induced arthritis. A high concentration of extracellular pyrophosphate (ePPi) in synovial fluid is positively correlated with the formation of CPP crystals, and ePPi can be upregulated by ankylosis human (ANKH) and ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase 1 (ENPP1) and downregulated by tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP). However, there is currently no drug that eliminates CPP crystals. We explored the effects of the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors (HDACis) trichostatin A (TSA) and vorinostat (SAHA) on CPP formation. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-treated human primary cultured articular chondrocytes (HC-a cells) were used to increase ePPi and CPP formation, which were determined by pyrophosphate assay and CPP crystal staining assay, respectively. Artificial substrates thymidine 5′-monophosphate p-nitrophenyl ester (p-NpTMP) and p-nitrophenyl phosphate (p-NPP) were used to estimate ENPP1 and TNAP activities, respectively. The HDACis TSA and SAHA significantly reduced mRNA and protein expressions of ANKH and ENPP1 but increased TNAP expression in a dose-dependent manner in HC-a cells. Further results demonstrated that TSA and SAHA decreased ENPP1 activity, increased TNAP activity, and limited levels of ePPi and CPP. As expected, both TSA and SAHA significantly increased the acetylation of histones 3 and 4 but failed to block Smad-2 phosphorylation induced by TGF-β1. These results suggest that HDACis prevented the formation of CPP by regulating ANKH, ENPP1, and TNAP expressions and can possibly be developed as a potential drug to treat or prevent CPPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Ching Chang
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Lin Lee
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (K.-L.L.); (C.-C.C.)
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Tze-Sian Chan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chen Chung
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (K.-L.L.); (C.-C.C.)
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chih Liang
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (K.-L.L.); (C.-C.C.)
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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12
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Zhou GQ, Chen G, Yang J, Qin WY, Ping J. Guizhi-Shaoyao-Zhimu decoction attenuates monosodium urate crystal-induced inflammation through inactivation of NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 283:114707. [PMID: 34619319 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Guizhi-Shaoyao-Zhimu decoction (GSZD), a classical traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription, is used empirically to treat various types of arthritis in TCM clinical practice. However, the underlying mechanisms of GSZD on gouty inflammation are not totally elucidated. AIM OF STUDY The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of GSZD on peritoneal recruitment of neutrophils, production of proinflammatory mediators, activations of nuclear factor (NF)-κB and nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptor protein-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in mice with monosodium urate crystal (MSU)-induced peritonitis (MIP). MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice were intragastrically administered with GSZD for 7 days. After the last administration, mice were intraperitoneally injected with MSU. Peritoneal exudates of mice were harvested, and total peritoneal cells were calculated. Levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 in peritoneal exudates were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Expressions of IL-1β, NLRP3, cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase (caspase)-1, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing the caspase activation and recruitment domain (ASC), phosphorylated (p)-p65, inhibitor of NF-κB (IκB)α, p-IκB kinase (IKK)β, nuclear p65, p-mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in peritoneal cells were analyzed by Western blot. Binding activity of NF-κB to DNA was measured by a Trans AM™ kit for p65. Interaction between ASC and pro-caspase-1 was assessed by co-immunoprecipitation assay. RESULTS Total peritoneal cells, levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and MCP-1 were significantly reduced by GSZD treatment in peritoneal exudates of MIP mice. As for the activation of NF-κB, GSZD treatment significantly reduced the levels of p-p65, p-IKKβ, nuclear p65 and p-MAPKs, enhanced the level of IκBα and abated the binding ability of NF-κB to DNA in peritoneal cells of MIP mice. As for the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, GSZD treatment significantly reduced the levels of IL-1β, NLRP3 and caspase-1, and alleviated the interaction between ASC and pro-caspase-1 in peritoneal cells of MIP mice. Nevertheless, GSZD didn't remarkably change the level of ASC. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that GSZD attenuates the MSU-induced inflammation through inhibiting the activations of NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Qing Zhou
- Department of Combination of Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Gang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Research of Chongqing Education Commission, College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, 400067, China.
| | - Juan Yang
- Department of Combination of Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Wen-Yi Qin
- Department of Combination of Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Jia Ping
- Department of Combination of Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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13
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Verma DK, Kumari P, Kanagaraj S. Engineering Aspects of Incidence, Prevalence, and Management of Osteoarthritis: A Review. Ann Biomed Eng 2022; 50:237-252. [DOI: 10.1007/s10439-022-02913-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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14
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Chondrocalcinosis does not affect functional outcome and prosthesis survival in patients after total or unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: a systematic review. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2022; 30:1039-1049. [PMID: 33677614 PMCID: PMC8901495 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-021-06519-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE There are contentious data about the role calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) crystals and chondrocalcinosis (CC) play in the progression of osteoarthritis (OA), as well as in the outcomes after knee arthroplasty. Hence, the purpose of this systematic review was to analyse the clinical and functional outcome, progression of OA and prosthesis survivorship after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in patients with CC compared to patients without CC. METHODS A systematic review of the literature in PubMed, Medline, Embase and Web of Science was performed using the "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis" (PRISMA) guidelines. Articles which reported the outcome and survival rates of prosthesis after TKA or UKA in patients with CC were included. RESULTS A total of 3718 patient knees were included in eight selected publications, with a median sample sizes of 234 knees (range 78-1000) and 954 knees (range 408-1500) for publications including UKA and TKA, respectively. At time of surgery, the mean age was 69 years and the prevalence for CC ranged from 12.6 to 36%. Chondrocalcinosis did not significantly influence the functional and clinical outcome, the implant survival as well as the radiologic progression of OA disease after UKA and TKA. CONCLUSION The presence of CPP crystals in tissue samples, synovial fluid or evidence of calcifications on preoperative radiographs did not significantly influence the postoperative functional and activity scores. It also had no significant influence on prosthesis survival rate, whether it was a UKA or a TKA. This study shows that the impact of a subclinical form of chondrocalcinosis may not be of clinical relevance in the context of arthroplasty. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV.
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15
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Sun X, Li P, Qu X, Liu W. Isovitexin alleviates acute gouty arthritis in rats by inhibiting inflammation via the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2021; 59:1326-1333. [PMID: 34582722 PMCID: PMC8480722 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.1979595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The prevalence of gout has greatly increased, and it has become the most common inflammatory arthritis in men. Isovitexin possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. OBJECTIVE We explored the effects of isovitexin on rats with acute gouty arthritis (GA). MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to five groups: sham, model, positive (colchicine, 0.3 mg/kg), isovitexin (100 mg/kg), TLR4 inhibitor (TAK-242, 3 mg/kg) and isovitexin + TAK-242. The gait of rats and the ankle joint swelling index were monitored. The levels of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-6, and pathological changes in the synovial tissues were determined. RESULTS Isovitexin significantly reduced the ankle joint swelling index at day 7 compared to that in the model group (4.39 ± 1.01 vs. 6.09 ± 1.31). Moreover, isovitexin alleviated the infiltration of inflammatory cells and ameliorated the proliferation of synovial cells. The levels of TNF-α (93.42 ± 5.02 pg/mL), IL-1β (25.46 ± 1.91 pg/mL) and IL-6 (194.71 ± 7.92 pg/mL) in the isovitexin group were significantly lower than in the model group (129.39 ± 5.43, 39.60 ± 2.71 and 223.77 ± 5.35 pg/mL). The expression of TLR4, MyD88 and p-NF-κB-p65 was remarkably decreased after isovitexin and colchicine treatment. The effect of isovitexin was similar to that colchicine. Furthermore, the combination of isovitexin and TAK-242 had better effect, and there was no significantly difference with colchicine treatment. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Isovitexin ameliorates joint inflammation in acute GA via the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway. Isovitexin may be a potential substitute medicine for GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujiang Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Dezhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dezhou, China
| | - Xiaoyi Qu
- Clinical Teaching and Research Section, Yantai Nursing School, Yantai, China
| | - Wenguang Liu
- Department of Joint Surgery, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- CONTACT Wenguang Liu Department of Joint Surgery, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, No. 247 Beiyuan Road, Jinan250000, Shandong, China
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16
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Go DJ, Kim DH, Kim JY, Guermazi A, Crema MD, Hunter DJ, Kim HA. Serum uric acid and knee osteoarthritis in community residents without gout: a longitudinal study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 60:4581-4590. [PMID: 33493331 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keab048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Emerging evidence suggests a potential link between OA and gout; however, the association between serum uric acid (UA) itself and knee OA remains uncertain due to a lack of longitudinal studies. Here, we investigated the association between serum UA and knee OA according to cartilage status in elderly community residents without gout. METHODS In this longitudinal study, participants without a history of gout were recruited from among the Korean cohort of the Hallym Aging Study (n = 296 for radiography study and n = 223 for MRI study). Weight-bearing knee radiographs and 1.5-T MRI scans, along with blood collection for analysis of serum UA, were performed at baseline and after 3 years. The severity and structural progression of knee OA were evaluated using the Kellgren-Lawrence grading system and the Whole-Organ MRI Score (WORMS) cartilage scoring method. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted using generalized estimating equation (GEE) models. RESULTS Serum UA levels were not associated with radiographic progression after adjusting for age, sex and BMI. There was no significant association between serum UA and tibiofemoral cartilage loss on MRI. However, baseline serum UA levels were negatively associated with patellofemoral cartilage loss over 3 years (adjusted odd ratio 0.70 per 1 mg/dl increase, 95% CI: 0.49, 0.98). CONCLUSION In this population-based cohort, serum UA was not a risk factor for knee OA progression. Further large-scale longitudinal studies in other populations are needed to validate the effects of UA on cartilage damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Jin Go
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, and College of Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Hallym Research Institute of Clinical Epidemiology, Hallym University, Chuncheon
| | - Jie Young Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang.,Institute for Skeletal Aging, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ali Guermazi
- Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michel Daoud Crema
- Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David J Hunter
- Department of Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hyun Ah Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang.,Institute for Skeletal Aging, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
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17
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Lu KH, Lu PWA, Lu EWH, Tang CH, Su SC, Lin CW, Yang SF. The potential remedy of melatonin on osteoarthritis. J Pineal Res 2021; 71:e12762. [PMID: 34435392 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), the most common arthritis worldwide, is a degenerative joint disease characterized by progressive cartilage breakdown, subchondral remodeling, and synovial inflammation. Although conventional pharmaceutical therapies aimed to prevent further cartilage loss and joint dysfunction, there are no ideal strategies that target the pathogenesis of OA. Melatonin exhibits a variety of regulatory properties by binding to specific receptors and downstream molecules and exerts a myriad of receptor-independent actions via intracellular targets as a chondrocyte protector, an anti-inflammation modulator, and a free radical scavenger. Melatonin also modulates cartilage regeneration and degradation by directly/indirectly regulating the expression of main circadian clock genes, such as transcriptional activators [brain and muscle aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like protein (Bmal) and circadian locomotor output cycles kaput (Clock)], transcriptional repressors [period circadian regulator (Per)1/2, cryptochrome (Cry)1/2, and Dec2], and nuclear hormone receptors [Rev-Erbs and retinoid acid-related orphan receptors (Rors)]. Owing to its effects on cartilage homeostasis, we propose a potential role for melatonin in the prevention and therapy of OA via the modulation of circadian clock genes, mitigation of chondrocyte apoptosis, anti-inflammatory activity, and scavenging of free radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko-Hsiu Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chi Su
- Whole-Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Linkou and Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital 402, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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18
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Kim SK, Park KY, Choe JY. Toll-Like Receptor 9 Is Involved in NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and IL-1β Production Through Monosodium Urate-Induced Mitochondrial DNA. Inflammation 2021; 43:2301-2311. [PMID: 32700178 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-020-01299-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a cytoplasmic multimolecular complex that generates interleukin (IL)-1β and is considered a main pathogenic mechanism for uric acid-induced inflammation. Whether toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) is responsible for uric acid-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation remains unclear. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify the role of TLR9 in NLRP3 inflammasome activation through monosodium urate (MSU) crystal-induced mitochondrial DNA. RAW 264.7 cells treated with MSU crystals, CpG oligonucleotides (ODNs), or a combination of both were used to assess nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling, NLRP3 inflammasome components such as NLRP3, ASC, and caspase-1, and IL-1β. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blotting, DNA fragmentation assay, mitochondrial DNA copy number assay, and immunofluorescence were used in the in vitro study. RAW 264.7 cells treated with CpG-ODN stimulated the activation of NF-κB signaling, the NLRP3 inflammasome components NLRP3, ASC, and caspase-1, and IL-1β gene and protein expression. DNA fragmentation assay showed that MSU crystals induced cellular apoptosis. Fragmented DNA prompted by MSU crystals induced TLR9 expression. RAW 264.7 cells treated with CpG-ODN or MSU crystals and both increased expression of mitochondrial DNA relative to nuclear DNA. CpG-ODN and MSU crystals augmented the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome components and IL-1β expression, which was significantly suppressed in RAW 264.7 cells transfected with TLR9 siRNA. This study suggests that TLR9 activated by MSU crystal-mediated mitochondrial DNA contributes to the activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes and IL-1β production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Kyu Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea. .,Arthritis and Autoimmunity Research Center, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ki-Yeun Park
- Arthritis and Autoimmunity Research Center, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Yoon Choe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,Arthritis and Autoimmunity Research Center, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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19
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Galozzi P, Bindoli S, Luisetto R, Sfriso P, Ramonda R, Scanu A, Oliviero F. Regulation of crystal induced inflammation: current understandings and clinical implications. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2021; 17:773-787. [PMID: 34053376 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2021.1937129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Accumulation of abnormal crystals in the body, derived from endogenous or exogenous materials can drive a wide spectrum of inflammatory disease states. It is well established that intra-articular deposition of monosodium urate (MSU) and calcium pyrophoshate (CPP) crystals contributes to joint destruction through pro-inflammatory processes.Areas covered: This review will focus on current understanding and recent novelty about the mechanisms and the clinical implications of the inflammation induced by MSU and CPP crystals.Expert opinion: Advances in molecular biology reveal that at the base of the inflammatory cascade, stimulated by MSU or CPP crystals, there are many complex cellular mechanisms mainly involving the NLRP3 inflammasome, the hallmark of autoinflammatory syndromes. The extensive studies carried out through in vitro and in vivo models along with a better clinical definition of the disease has led to an optimized use of existing drugs and the introduction of novel therapeutic strategies. In particular, the identification of IL-1 as the most important target in gout and pseudogout has made it possible to expand the pharmacological indications of anti-IL-1 biological drugs, opening new therapeutic perspectives for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Galozzi
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Sara Bindoli
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Roberto Luisetto
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology-DISCOG, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Sfriso
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Roberta Ramonda
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Anna Scanu
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Oliviero
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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20
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The role of Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist as a treatment option in calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:4789-4796. [PMID: 34075537 PMCID: PMC8260411 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06457-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Calcium Pyrophosphate Crystal Deposition (CPPD) disease is characterized by the deposition of calcium pyrophosphate crystals in the cartilage. In most cases, it can manifest as a subclinical condition named chondrocalcinosis, often revealed by joint x-ray examination. In other cases, deposition can cause flares of arthritis, known as acute CPP crystal arthritis. In the last few years, many pathogenic pathways have been discovered. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of CPPD disease, both as a mediator of inflammatory response to crystals and as a promoter of damage to articular cartilage. In this review, we investigated the role of IL-1R inhibitor, such as Anakinra, as an alternative to the various therapeutic strategies for CPPD disease, especially among patients resistant to traditional treatment with NSAIDs, corticosteroids and colchicine.
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21
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Abstract
Multiple interacting checkpoints are involved in the pathophysiology of gout. Hyperuricemia is the key risk factor for gout and is considered a prerequisite for monosodium urate (MSU) crystal formation. Urate underexcretion through renal and gut mechanisms is the major mechanism for hyperuricemia in most people. Multiple genetic, environmental, and metabolic factors are associated with serum urate and alter urate transport or synthesis. Urate supersaturation is the most important factor for MSU crystal formation, and other factors such as temperature, pH, and connective tissue components also play a role. The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain leucine-rich repeats and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 inflammasome plays a pivotal role in the inflammatory response to MSU crystals, and interleukin 1β is the key cytokine mediating the inflammatory cascade. Variations in the regulatory mechanisms of this inflammatory response may affect an individual's susceptibility to developing gout. Tophus formation is the cardinal feature of advanced gout, and both MSU crystals and the inflammatory tissue component of the tophus contribute to the development of structural joint damage owing to gout. In this article, we review the pathophysiologic mechanisms of hyperuricemia, MSU crystal formation and the associated inflammatory response, tophus formation, and structural joint damage in gout.
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Galluzzi L, Vacchelli E, Eggermont A, Fridman WH, Galon J, Sautès-Fridman C, Tartour E, Zitvogel L, Kroemer G. Trial Watch: Experimental Toll-like receptor agonists for cancer therapy. Oncoimmunology 2021; 1:699-716. [PMID: 22934262 PMCID: PMC3429574 DOI: 10.4161/onci.20696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are prototypic pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) best known for their ability to activate the innate immune system in response to conserved microbial components such as lipopolysaccharide and double-stranded RNA. Accumulating evidence indicates that the function of TLRs is not restricted to the elicitation of innate immune responses against invading pathogens. TLRs have indeed been shown to participate in tissue repair and injury-induced regeneration as well as in adaptive immune responses against cancer. In particular, TLR4 signaling appears to be required for the efficient processing and cross-presentation of cell-associated tumor antigens by dendritic cells, which de facto underlie optimal therapeutic responses to some anticancer drugs. Thus, TLRs constitute prominent therapeutic targets for the activation/intensification of anticancer immune responses. In line with this notion, long-used preparations such as the Coley toxin (a mixture of killed Streptococcus pyogenes and Serratia marcescens bacteria) and the bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG, an attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis originally developed as a vaccine against tuberculosis), both of which have been associated with consistent anticancer responses, potently activate TLR2 and TLR4 signaling. Today, besides BCG, only one TLR agonist is FDA-approved for therapeutic use in cancer patients: imiquimod. In this Trial Watch, we will briefly present the role of TLRs in innate and cognate immunity and discuss the progress of clinical studies evaluating the safety and efficacy of experimental TLR agonists as immunostimulatory agents for oncological indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V; Sorbonne Paris Cité; Paris, France ; Institut Gustave Roussy; Villejuif, France
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Lambert C, Zappia J, Sanchez C, Florin A, Dubuc JE, Henrotin Y. The Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs) as Potential Targets to Treat Osteoarthritis: Perspectives From a Review of the Literature. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 7:607186. [PMID: 33537330 PMCID: PMC7847938 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.607186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
During the osteoarthritis (OA) process, activation of immune systems, whether innate or adaptive, is strongly associated with low-grade systemic inflammation. This process is initiated and driven in the synovial membrane, especially by synovium cells, themselves previously activated by damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) released during cartilage degradation. These fragments exert their biological activities through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that, as a consequence, induce the activation of signaling pathways and beyond the release of inflammatory mediators, the latter contributing to the vicious cycle between cartilage and synovial membrane. The primary endpoint of this review is to provide the reader with an overview of these many molecules categorized as DAMPs and the contribution of the latter to the pathophysiology of OA. We will also discuss the different strategies to control their effects. We are convinced that a better understanding of DAMPs, their receptors, and associated pathological mechanisms represents a decisive issue for degenerative joint diseases such as OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Lambert
- MusculoSKeletal Innovative Research Lab, University of Liège, Institute of Pathology, CHU Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jérémie Zappia
- MusculoSKeletal Innovative Research Lab, University of Liège, Institute of Pathology, CHU Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - Christelle Sanchez
- MusculoSKeletal Innovative Research Lab, University of Liège, Institute of Pathology, CHU Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - Antoine Florin
- MusculoSKeletal Innovative Research Lab, University of Liège, Institute of Pathology, CHU Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jean-Emile Dubuc
- Orthopaedic Department, University Clinics St. Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yves Henrotin
- MusculoSKeletal Innovative Research Lab, University of Liège, Institute of Pathology, CHU Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium.,Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Department, Princess Paola Hospital, Vivalia, Marche-en-Famenne, Belgium
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Huang Y, Wu X, Gui L, Jiang Y, Tu L, Li X, Jiang B, Wang Y, Zheng X, Wei Q, Li Q, Ou J, Chen Z, Xie Y, Lin Z, Liao Z, Fang L, Qiu M, Cao S, Gu J. Age-Specific Imbalance of Circulating Tfh Cell Subsets and Its Association With Gout-Targeted Kidney Impairment. Front Immunol 2021; 11:625458. [PMID: 33505406 PMCID: PMC7829215 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.625458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Gout is a chronic disease characterized by the deposition of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in tissue. Study with a focus on adaptive immune response remains to be understood although innate immune response has been reported extensively in gout etiology. Our study attempted to investigate the association of gout-related immune cell imbalance with clinical features and comorbidity with renal impairment and the implicated pathogenesis via the assessment of T and B cell subsets in different activity phases or with immune effects combined with the analyses of clinical parameters. Methods Fifty-eight gout patients and 56 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals were enrolled. To learn the roles of circulating T cells, a lymphocyte profile incorporating 32 T cell subsets was tested from isolated freshly peripheral blood monocyte cells (PBMCs) with multiple-color flow cytometry. Furthermore, the collected clinical features of participants were used to analyze the characteristics of these differential cell subsets. Stratified on the basis of the level of creatinine (Cr, enzymatic method), all patients were categorized into Crlow (Cr ≤ 116 μmol/L) and Crhi (Cr > 116 μmol/L) groups to exploit whether these gout-associated T cell subsets were functional in gout-targeted kidney dysfunction. The differentiation of B cells was investigated in gout patients. Results Our results show that CD 4+ T cells, Th2 cells, and Tc2 cells were upregulated, whereas Tc17 cells were downregulated. Tfh cells skewed toward the polarization of Tfh2 cells. Specifically, Tfh2 cells increased, but Tfh1 cells decreased, accompanied with aging for gout patients, suggesting that age might trigger the skewing of Tfh1/Tfh2 cell subsets to influence gout development. Moreover, Tfh2 cells were connected to renal dysfunction as well. No alterations of B cell subsets were observed in patients when compared to controls. Conclusions Our data demonstrate age-specific dysfunctions of Tfh1/2 cells in gout occurrence, and Tfh2 cell upregulation is associated with gout-targeted renal dysfunction. However, Tfh2 cells may function in auto-inflammatory gout independent of helping B differentiation, and an in-depth study remains to be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yefei Huang
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lian Gui
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yutong Jiang
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liudan Tu
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomin Li
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Boxiong Jiang
- Medical Examination Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yina Wang
- VIP Medical Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuqi Zheng
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiujing Wei
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuxia Li
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayong Ou
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zena Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya Xie
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiming Lin
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zetao Liao
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linkai Fang
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minli Qiu
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuangyan Cao
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieruo Gu
- Department of Rheumatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Singh AK, Haque M, O'Sullivan K, Chourasia M, Ouseph MM, Ahmed S. Suppression of monosodium urate crystal-induced inflammation by inhibiting TGF-β-activated kinase 1-dependent signaling: role of the ubiquitin proteasome system. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:162-170. [PMID: 31511642 PMCID: PMC7853128 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-019-0284-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Monosodium urate (MSU) crystals activate inflammatory pathways that overlap with interleukin-1β (IL-1β) signaling. However, the post-translational mechanisms involved and the role of signaling proteins in this activation are unknown. In the present study, we investigated the intracellular signaling mechanisms involved in MSU-induced activation of THP-1 macrophages and human nondiseased synovial fibroblasts (NLSFs) and the in vivo efficacy of an inhibitor of tumor growth factor-β (TGF-β)-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), 5Z-7-oxozeaenol, in MSU-induced paw inflammation in C57BL/6 mice. THP-1 macrophage activation with MSU crystals (25-200 µg/ml) resulted in the rapid and sustained phosphorylation of interleukin-1 receptor-activated kinase 1 (IRAK1 Thr209) and TAK1 (Thr184/187) and their association with the E3 ubiquitin ligase TRAF6. At the cellular level, MSU inhibited the deubiquitinases A20 and UCHL2 and increased 20s proteasomal activity, leading to a global decrease in K63-linked ubiquitination and increase in K48-linked ubiquitination in THP-1 macrophages. While MSU did not stimulate cytokine production in NLSFs, it significantly amplified IL-1β-induced IL-6, IL-8, and ENA-78/CXCL5 production. Docking studies and MD simulations followed by TAK1 in vitro kinase assays revealed that uric acid molecules are capable of arresting TAK1 in an active-state conformation, resulting in sustained TAK1 kinase activation. Importantly, MSU-induced proinflammatory cytokine production was completely inhibited by 5Z-7-oxozeaenol but not IRAK1/4 or TRAF6 inhibitors. Administration of 5Z-7-oxozeaenol (5 or 15 mg/kg; orally) significantly inhibited MSU-induced paw inflammation in C57BL/6 mice. Our study identifies a novel post-translational mechanism of TAK1 activation by MSU and suggests the therapeutic potential of TAK1 in regulating MSU-induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil K Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Mahamudul Haque
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Kayla O'Sullivan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Mukesh Chourasia
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Madhu M Ouseph
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Salahuddin Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Spokane, WA, USA.
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
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An MF, Wang MY, Shen C, Sun ZR, Zhao YL, Wang XJ, Sheng J. Isoorientin exerts a urate-lowering effect through inhibition of xanthine oxidase and regulation of the TLR4-NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway. J Nat Med 2020; 75:129-141. [PMID: 33188510 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-020-01464-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Isoorientin (ISO), a natural flavonoid compound, has been identified in several plants and its biological activity is determined and the study on lowering uric acid has not been reported. In view of the current status of treatment of hyperuricemia, we evaluated the hypouricemic effects of ISO in vivo and in vitro, and explored the underlying mechanisms. Yeast extract-induced hyperuricemia animal model as well as hypoxanthine and xanthine oxidase (XOD) co-induced high uric acid L-O2 cell model and enzymatic experiments in vitro were selected. The XOD activity and uric acid (UA) level were inhibited after the treatment of ISO in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, serum creatinine (CRE) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels were also significantly reduced and liver damage was recovered in pathological histology after the ISO administration in hyperuricemia animal model. The results of mechanism illustrated that protein expressions such as XOD, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), cathepsin B (CTSB), NLRP3, and its downstream caspase-1 as well as interleukin-18 (IL-18) were markedly downregulated by ISO intervention in vitro and in vivo. Our results suggest that ISO exerts a urate-lowering effect through inhibiting XOD activity and regulating TLR4-NLRP3 inflammasome signal pathway, thus representing a promising candidate therapeutic agent for hyperuricemia. Both animal models and in vitro experiments suggested that ISO may effectively lower uric acid produce. The mechanism might be the inhibition of XOD activity and NLRP3 inflammasome of upregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Fei An
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650224, People's Republic of China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650224, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650224, People's Republic of China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650224, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650224, People's Republic of China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650224, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Rui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650224, People's Republic of China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650224, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650224, People's Republic of China.
- College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650224, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xuan-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650224, People's Republic of China.
- College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650224, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Kunming, 650224, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650224, People's Republic of China.
- College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650224, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Kunming, 650224, People's Republic of China.
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Bhagwani A, Thompson AAR, Farkas L. When Innate Immunity Meets Angiogenesis-The Role of Toll-Like Receptors in Endothelial Cells and Pulmonary Hypertension. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:352. [PMID: 32850883 PMCID: PMC7410919 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors serve a central role in innate immunity, but they can also modulate cell function in various non-immune cell types including endothelial cells. Endothelial cells are necessary for the organized function of the vascular system, and part of their fundamental role is also the regulation of immune function and inflammation. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of how Toll-like receptors contribute to the immune and non-immune functions of the endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneel Bhagwani
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - A. A. Roger Thompson
- Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Laszlo Farkas
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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28
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Renaudin F, Orliaguet L, Castelli F, Fenaille F, Prignon A, Alzaid F, Combes C, Delvaux A, Adimy Y, Cohen-Solal M, Richette P, Bardin T, Riveline JP, Venteclef N, Lioté F, Campillo-Gimenez L, Ea HK. Gout and pseudo-gout-related crystals promote GLUT1-mediated glycolysis that governs NLRP3 and interleukin-1β activation on macrophages. Ann Rheum Dis 2020; 79:1506-1514. [PMID: 32699039 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Macrophage activation by monosodium urate (MSU) and calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) crystals mediates an interleukin (IL)-1β-dependent inflammation during gout and pseudo-gout flare, respectively. Since metabolic reprogramming of macrophages goes along with inflammatory responses dependently on stimuli and tissue environment, we aimed to decipher the role of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation in the IL-1β-induced microcrystal response. METHODS Briefly, an in vitro study (metabolomics and real-time extracellular flux analysis) on MSU and CPP crystal-stimulated macrophages was performed to demonstrate the metabolic phenotype of macrophages. Then, the role of aerobic glycolysis in IL-1β production was evaluated, as well in vitro as in vivo using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography imaging and glucose uptake assay, and molecular approach of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) inhibition. RESULTS We observed that MSU and CPP crystals led to a metabolic rewiring toward the aerobic glycolysis pathway explained by an increase in GLUT1 plasma membrane expression and glucose uptake on macrophages. Also, neutrophils isolated from human synovial fluid during gout flare expressed GLUT1 at their plasma membrane more frequently than neutrophils isolated from bloodstream. Both glucose deprivation and treatment with either 2-deoxyglucose or GLUT1 inhibitor suppressed crystal-induced NLRP3 activation and IL-1β production, and microcrystal inflammation in vivo. CONCLUSION In conclusion, we demonstrated that GLUT1-mediated glucose uptake is instrumental during the inflammatory IL-1β response induced by MSU and CPP crystals. These findings open new therapeutic paths to modulate crystal-related inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Renaudin
- Universite de Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR-S 1132, F-75010, Paris, France
| | - Lucie Orliaguet
- Universite de Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Centre de Recherche des Cordelier, Paris, France
| | - Florence Castelli
- Service de Pharmacologie et immunoanalyse (SPI), Laboratoire d'Etude du Métabolisme des Médicaments, CEA, INRAE, Université Paris Saclay, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - François Fenaille
- Service de Pharmacologie et immunoanalyse (SPI), Laboratoire d'Etude du Métabolisme des Médicaments, CEA, INRAE, Université Paris Saclay, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - Aurelie Prignon
- UMS28 Phénotypage du Petit Animal, Laboratoire d'Imagerie Moléculaire Positonique (LIMP), F-75020, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Fawaz Alzaid
- Universite de Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Centre de Recherche des Cordelier, Paris, France
| | - Christele Combes
- UMR 5085 INPT-UPS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, ENSIACET, F-31000, Toulouse, France
| | - Aurélie Delvaux
- Service de Pharmacologie et immunoanalyse (SPI), Laboratoire d'Etude du Métabolisme des Médicaments, CEA, INRAE, Université Paris Saclay, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - Yasmina Adimy
- Service de Pharmacologie et immunoanalyse (SPI), Laboratoire d'Etude du Métabolisme des Médicaments, CEA, INRAE, Université Paris Saclay, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - Martine Cohen-Solal
- Universite de Paris, Paris, France.,Bone and Joint Laboratory, INSERM U1132, Paris, France
| | - Pascal Richette
- Universite de Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR-S 1132, F-75010, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Bardin
- Universite de Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR-S 1132, F-75010, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Riveline
- Universite de Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Centre de Recherche des Cordelier, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Venteclef
- Universite de Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Centre de Recherche des Cordelier, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Lioté
- Universite de Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR-S 1132, F-75010, Paris, France
| | | | - Hang-Korng Ea
- Universite de Paris, Paris, France .,INSERM, UMR-S 1132, F-75010, Paris, France
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Systemic Investigation of Promoter-wide Methylome and Genome Variations in Gout. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134702. [PMID: 32630231 PMCID: PMC7369819 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Current knowledge of gout centers on hyperuricemia. Relatively little is known regarding the pathogenesis of gouty inflammation. To investigate the epigenetic background of gouty inflammation independent of hyperuricemia and its relationship to genetics, 69 gout patients and 1455 non-gout controls were included. Promoter-wide methylation was profiled with EPIC array. Whole-genome sequencing data were included for genetic and methylation quantitative trait loci (meQTL) analyses and causal inference tests. Identified loci were subjected to co-methylation analysis and functional localization with DNase hypersensitivity and histone marks analysis. An expression database was queried to clarify biologic functions of identified loci. A transcription factor dataset was integrated to identify transcription factors coordinating respective expression. In total, seven CpG loci involved in interleukin-1β production survived genetic/meQTL analyses, or causal inference tests. None had a significant relationship with various metabolic traits. Additional analysis suggested gouty inflammation, instead of hyperuricemia, provides the link between these CpG sites and gout. Six (PGGT1B, INSIG1, ANGPTL2, JNK1, UBAP1, and RAPTOR) were novel genes in the field of gout. One (CNTN5) was previously associated with gouty inflammation. Transcription factor mapping identified several potential transcription factors implicated in the link between differential methylation, interleukin-1β production, and gouty inflammation. In conclusion, this study revealed several novel genes specific to gouty inflammation and provided enhanced insight into the biological basis of gouty inflammation.
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Kulkarni P, Martson A, Vidya R, Chitnavis S, Harsulkar A. Pathophysiological landscape of osteoarthritis. Adv Clin Chem 2020; 100:37-90. [PMID: 33453867 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A sharp rise in osteoarthritis (OA) incidence is expected as over 25% of world population ages in the coming decade. Although OA is considered a degenerative disease, mounting evidence suggests a strong connection with chronic metabolic conditions and low-grade inflammation. OA pathology is increasingly understood as a complex interplay of multiple pathological events including oxidative stress, synovitis and immune responses revealing its intricate nature. Cellular, biochemical and molecular aspects of these pathological events along with major outcomes of the relevant research studies in this area are discussed in the present review. With reference to their published and unpublished work, the authors strongly propose synovitis as a central OA pathology and the key OA pathological events are described in connection with it. Recent research outcomes also have succeeded to establish a linkage between metabolic syndrome and OA, which has been precisely included in the present review. Impact of aging process cannot be neglected in OA. Cell senescence is an important mechanism of aging through which it facilitates development of OA like other degenerative disorders, also discussed within a frame of OA. Conclusively, the reviewers urge low-grade inflammation linked to aging and derailed immune function as a pathological platform for OA development and progression. Thus, interventions targeted to prevent inflammaging hold a promising potential in effective OA management and efforts should be invested in this direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Kulkarni
- Department of Pathophysiology, Biomedicine and Translational medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; Department of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Aare Martson
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia; Clinic of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ragini Vidya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Pune, India
| | - Shreya Chitnavis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Pune, India
| | - Abhay Harsulkar
- Department of Pathophysiology, Biomedicine and Translational medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Pune, India.
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He H, Wang Y, Yang Z, Ding X, Yang T, Lei G, Li H, Xie D. Association between serum zinc and copper concentrations and copper/zinc ratio with the prevalence of knee chondrocalcinosis: a cross-sectional study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2020; 21:97. [PMID: 32050963 PMCID: PMC7017625 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-020-3121-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with chondrocalcinosis may suffer from a series of symptoms resembling acute gouty arthritis or septic arthritis, but the aetiology and pathogenesis of chondrocalcinosis have not been fully elucidated yet. This study was aimed to assess serum zinc and copper concentrations, as well as the ratio of serum copper to zinc concentrations (Cu/Zn ratio), in relation to the prevalence of knee chondrocalcinosis. Methods Data included in this analysis were retrieved from a large population-based cross-sectional study. A bilateral knee anteroposterior radiograph was obtained from each subject. Radiographic knee chondrocalcinosis was diagnosed if definite linear cartilage calcification was detected. Serum zinc and copper concentrations were measured using the spectrophotometric flow injection methods by Roche modular P800. The relations of serum zinc and copper concentrations and Cu/Zn ratio to the prevalence of knee chondrocalcinosis were examined using generalized estimating equations, respectively. Results The prevalence of knee chondrocalcinosis was 1.2% in the sample of this study (n = 12,362). In comparison with the lowest tertile, the odds ratios (ORs) of knee chondrocalcinosis adjusted by age, sex and body mass index were 0.74 (95% CI 0.50–1.09) in the second and 0.56 (95% CI 0.36–0.86) in the third tertiles of serum zinc concentrations (P for trend = 0.009), were 1.26 (95% CI 0.77–2.05) in the second and 2.01 (95% CI 1.25–3.24) in the third tertile of serum copper concentrations (P for trend = 0.003), and were 1.02 (95% CI 0.61–1.69) in the second and 2.23 (95% CI 1.38–3.59) in the third tertile of Cu/Zn ratio (P for trend < 0.001) respectively. These findings were not materially altered by adjustment for potential confounders. Conclusions The present study observed that higher serum zinc concentrations, lower serum copper concentrations or lower Cu/Zn ratio are associated with a lower prevalence of knee chondrocalcinosis in a dose-response relationship manner.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zidan Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiang Ding
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, #87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Tuo Yang
- Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guanghua Lei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, #87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Osteoarthritis, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Joint Degeneration and Injury, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, #87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Dongxing Xie
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, #87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China.
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Chhana A, Pool B, Wei Y, Choi A, Gao R, Munro J, Cornish J, Dalbeth N. Human Cartilage Homogenates Influence the Crystallization of Monosodium Urate and Inflammatory Response to Monosodium Urate Crystals: A Potential Link Between Osteoarthritis and Gout. Arthritis Rheumatol 2019; 71:2090-2099. [DOI: 10.1002/art.41038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ally Choi
- University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
| | - Ryan Gao
- University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
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Miller RE, Scanzello CR, Malfait AM. An emerging role for Toll-like receptors at the neuroimmune interface in osteoarthritis. Semin Immunopathol 2019; 41:583-594. [PMID: 31612243 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-019-00762-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic progressive, painful disease of synovial joints, characterized by cartilage degradation, subchondral bone remodeling, osteophyte formation, and synovitis. It is now widely appreciated that the innate immune system, and in particular Toll-like receptors (TLRs), contributes to pathological changes in OA joint tissues. Furthermore, it is now also increasingly recognized that TLR signaling plays a key role in initiating and maintaining pain. Here, we reviewed the literature of the past 5 years with a focus on how TLRs may contribute to joint damage and pain in OA. We discuss biological effects of specific damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) which act as TLR ligands in vitro, including direct effects on pain-sensing neurons. We then discuss the phenotype of transgenic mice that target TLR pathways, and provide evidence for a complex balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory signaling pathways activated by OA DAMPs. Finally, we summarize clinical evidence implicating TLRs in OA pathogenesis, including polymorphisms and surrogate markers of disease activity. Our review of the literature led us to propose a model where multi-directional crosstalk between connective tissue cells (chondrocytes, fibroblasts), innate immune cells, and sensory neurons in the affected joint may promote OA pathology and pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E Miller
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, 1611 W Harrison Street, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Carla R Scanzello
- Section of Rheumatology and Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center & Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Anne-Marie Malfait
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, 1611 W Harrison Street, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
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Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease, in which metabolic imbalance in bone is observed. The pathological mechanism of metabolic imbalance is not clear yet, but the nutritional factors, particularly the vitamins, might be intrinsic to the development and progression of OA. In this review article, we have explored databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar articles until the beginning of 2017 and reviewed the role of fat-soluble vitamins in pathological and therapeutic aspects of OA. Vitamin D plays an important role in the development and maintenance of the skeleton, as well as bone and cartilage metabolism, and its deficiency is implicated in the pathological process of OA. Vitamin E enhances chondrocyte growth and exhibits an anti-inflammatory activity, as well as plays an important role in the prevention of cartilage degeneration. In human OA cartilage, vitamin K deficiency produces abnormal growth plate calcification and inappropriate mineralization of cartilage. Thus, these fat-soluble vitamins play a key role in the pathophysiology of OA, and supplementation of these vitamins may provide innovative approaches for OA management. However, vitamin A has a different role, which is a regulator of cartilage and skeletal formation. When metabolite levels of vitamin A are elevated in synovial fluid, they appear to drive OA development. The role of inhibitors of vitamin A here remains unclear. More investigations are needed to examine the effects of fat-soluble vitamins on the various molecular pathways of OA, as well as to assess the efficacy and safety of their usage clinically.
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36
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Chen G, Jia P, Yin ZY, Kong SZ, Xiang ZB, Zheng XX. Paeonol ameliorates monosodium urate-induced arthritis in rats through inhibiting nuclear factor-κB-mediated proinflammatory cytokine production. Phytother Res 2019; 33:2971-2978. [PMID: 31407455 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Moutan Cortex has been widely used to treat various types of arthritis in traditional Chinese medicine. Paeonol is isolated as an active ingredient from Moutan Cortex. However, the effect and potential mechanism of paeonol on gouty arthritis have not been evaluated. In this study, rats were treated intragastrically with paeonol for consecutive 7 days. On Day 5, rats were intra-articularly injected with monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in the ankle joints to induce MSU-induced arthritis (MIA). Paw volume was detected at various time points. Gait score was measured at 24 hr after MSU crystal injection. Ankle joints were collected for evaluation of histological score and expression of proinflammatory cytokines using hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry staining, respectively. Nuclear level of nuclear factor (NF)-κBp65 in synovial tissues was analyzed by western blot assay. NF-κB DNA-binding activity was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Paeonol markedly lowered the paw volume, gait score, and histological score in MIA rats. Mechanistically, paeonol markedly reduced the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in synovial tissues of MIA rats. In addition, the elevated level of p65 in nucleus and NF-κB DNA-binding activity in synovial tissues of MIA rats were reduced significantly by paeonol treatment. These findings suggest that paeonol exerts anti-inflammatory effect in MIA rats through inhibiting expression of proinflammatory cytokines and NF-κB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Research of Chongqing Education Commission, College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, 400067, China
| | - Ping Jia
- Department of Combination of Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhong-Yi Yin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Research of Chongqing Education Commission, College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, 400067, China
| | - Shu-Zhen Kong
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Research of Chongqing Education Commission, College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, 400067, China
| | - Zhao-Bao Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Research of Chongqing Education Commission, College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, 400067, China
| | - Xu-Xu Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Research of Chongqing Education Commission, College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, 400067, China
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Decreased Expression of CD14 in MSU-Mediated Inflammation May Be Associated with Spontaneous Remission of Acute Gout. J Immunol Res 2019; 2019:7143241. [PMID: 31312662 PMCID: PMC6595337 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7143241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Gout is a common metabolic disease in humans, and it is due to persistently elevated levels of uric acid in the blood. At high levels, uric acid crystallizes and the crystals deposit in joints and surrounding tissues, resulting in an attack of gout. Interestingly, the gout attack can spontaneously resolve within a few days. However, the self-limited mechanism of gout remains elusive. It has been demonstrated that CD14 plays an important role in self-remission of gout. In this study, we found that the proportion of CD14-positive PBMCs was decreased in gout patients when compared with healthy controls and the serum sCD14 level was also considerably decreased in gout patients in comparison to healthy controls. In addition, sCD14 levels were positively correlated with CRP levels. Furthermore, the effect of MSU on the levels of CD14 in healthy volunteer's PBMC was explored in in vitro experiment. The results showed that CD14 expression on macrophage and sCD14 levels in the culture supernatants were significantly decreased after MSU treatment. However, there was no significance in the levels of membrane CD14 and sCD14 in healthy volunteer's PBMC stimulated by LPS. Taken together, these results suggest that CD14 might play an important role in self-remission of gout.
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38
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Wang Y, Wei J, Zeng C, Xie D, Li H, Yang T, Ding X, Cui Y, Xiong Y, Li J, Lei G. Association between chondrocalcinosis and osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Rheum Dis 2019; 22:1175-1182. [PMID: 31058426 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.13583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
AIM To systematically examine the existing literature on the associations between chondrocalcinosis (CC) and osteoarthritis (OA) at different joints, and to quantify such associations through meta-analysis. METHODS PubMed, Embase and Scopus databases were searched through from inception to June 2017. Cohort, case-control or cross-sectional studies were included if they examined the association between CC and OA. Data on the odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) of the prevalence or progression of OA between the CC group and non-CC group with respect to the same joint were extracted. RESULTS A total of 14 studies were identified. Twelve studies were eligible for assessing the association between knee CC and knee OA. The combined data showed a positive association between them (OR = 2.84; 95% CI, 2.12-3.81; P < 0.001). Three studies were eligible for assessing the association between hip CC and hip OA. The data on the OR could only be extracted from one study (OR = 0.92; 95% CI, 0.68-1.24; P = 0.59). Two studies were eligible for assessing the association between hand CC and hand OA, and the data on the OR could only be extracted from one study which reported significant associations between CC and OA at the metacarpophalangeal joint (OR = 4.75; 95% CI, 2.12-10.64; P < 0.001) and the wrist joint (OR = 4.44; 95% CI, 3.56-5.54; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION This study established a strong association between knee CC and knee OA. However, the associations between CC and OA at the hip or hand still remain controversial and warrant further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilun Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Wei
- Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chao Zeng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dongxing Xie
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tuo Yang
- Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiang Ding
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yang Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yilin Xiong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiatian Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guanghua Lei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Mouser VHM, Arkesteijn ITM, van Dijk BGM, Wuertz‐Kozak K, Ito K. Hypotonicity differentially affects inflammatory marker production by nucleus pulposus tissue in simulated disc degeneration versus herniation. J Orthop Res 2019; 37:1110-1116. [PMID: 30835843 PMCID: PMC6593810 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory cytokines play an important role in intervertebral disc degeneration. Although largely produced by immune cells, nucleus pulposus (NP) cells can also secrete them under various conditions, for example, under free swelling. Thus, tissue hypotonicity may be an inflammatory trigger for NP cells. The aim of this study was to investigate whether decreased tonicity under restricted swelling conditions (as occurring in early disc degeneration) could initiate an inflammatory cascade that mediates further degeneration. Healthy bovine NP tissue was balanced against different PEG concentrations (0-30%) to obtain various tissue tonicities. Samples were then placed in an artificial annulus (fixed volume) and were cultured for 3, 7, or 21 days, with free swelling NP as control. Tissue content (water, glycosaminoglycan, collagen) was analyzed, and both the tissue and medium were screened for tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2 ), and nitric oxide (NO). A range of tonicities (isotonic to hypotonic) was present at day 3 in the PEG-treated samples. However, during culture, the tonicity range narrowed as GAGs leached from the tissue. TNF-α and IL-1β were below detection limits in all conditions, while mid- and downstream inflammatory cytokines were detected. This may suggest that the extracellular environment directly affects NP cells instead of inducing a classical inflammatory cascade. Furthermore, IL-8 increased in swelling restricted samples, while IL-6 and PGE2 were elevated in free swelling controls. These findings may suggest the involvement of different mechanisms in disc degeneration with intact AF compared to herniation, and encourage further investigation. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Orthopaedic Research® Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Orthopaedic Research Society. J Orthop Res.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian H. M. Mouser
- Orthopaedic BiomechanicsDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Irene T. M. Arkesteijn
- Orthopaedic BiomechanicsDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Bart G. M. van Dijk
- Orthopaedic BiomechanicsDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Karin Wuertz‐Kozak
- Institute for BiomechanicsDepartment of Health Sciences and TechnologyETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland,Department of Health SciencesUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany,Schön Clinic Munich Harlaching (Academic Teaching Hospital and Spine Research Institute of the Paracelsus Medical University in Salzburg)MunichGermany
| | - Keita Ito
- Orthopaedic BiomechanicsDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhovenThe Netherlands,Department of OrthopedicsUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
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Renaudin F, Sarda S, Campillo-Gimenez L, Séverac C, Léger T, Charvillat C, Rey C, Lioté F, Camadro JM, Ea HK, Combes C. Adsorption of Proteins on m-CPPD and Urate Crystals Inhibits Crystal-induced Cell Responses: Study on Albumin-crystal Interaction. J Funct Biomater 2019; 10:E18. [PMID: 31027151 PMCID: PMC6616386 DOI: 10.3390/jfb10020018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The biological effects and cellular activations triggered by monosodium urate (MSU) and calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (monoclinic: m-CPPD) crystals might be modulated by protein coating on the crystal surface. This study is aimed at: (i) Identifying proteins adsorbed on m-CPPD crystals, and the underlying mechanisms of protein adsorption, and (ii) to understand how protein coating did modulate the inflammatory properties of m-CPPD crystals. The effects of protein coating were assessed in vitro using primary macrophages and THP1 monocytes. Physico-chemical studies on the adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) upon m-CPPD crystals were performed. Adsorption of serum proteins, and BSA on MSU, as well as upon m-CPPD crystals, inhibited their capacity to induce interleukin-1-β secretions, along with a decreased ATP secretion, and a disturbance of mitochondrial membrane depolarization, suggesting an alteration of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Proteomic analysis identified numerous m-CPPD-associated proteins including hemoglobin, complement, albumin, apolipoproteins and coagulation factors. BSA adsorption on m-CPPD crystals followed a Langmuir-Freundlich isotherm, suggesting that it could modulate m-CPPD crystal-induced cell responses through crystal/cell-membrane interaction. BSA is adsorbed on m-CPPD crystals with weak interactions, confirmed by the preliminary AFM study, but strong interactions of BSA molecules with each other occurred favoring crystal agglomeration, which might contribute to a decrease in the inflammatory properties of m-CPPD crystals. These findings give new insights into the pathogenesis of crystal-related rheumatic diseases and subsequently may open the way for new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Renaudin
- Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Inserm UMR 1132 Bioscar, Hôpital Lariboisière, Centre Viggo Petersen, Paris 75010, France.
| | - Stéphanie Sarda
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse 3, Toulouse INP - ENSIACET, Toulouse 31030, France.
| | - Laure Campillo-Gimenez
- Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Inserm UMR 1132 Bioscar, Hôpital Lariboisière, Centre Viggo Petersen, Paris 75010, France.
| | | | - Thibaut Léger
- Institut Jacques Monod, UMR7592 CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Paris 75013, France.
| | - Cédric Charvillat
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse 3, Toulouse INP - ENSIACET, Toulouse 31030, France.
| | - Christian Rey
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse 3, Toulouse INP - ENSIACET, Toulouse 31030, France.
| | - Frédéric Lioté
- Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Inserm UMR 1132 Bioscar, Hôpital Lariboisière, Centre Viggo Petersen, Paris 75010, France.
| | - Jean-Michel Camadro
- Institut Jacques Monod, UMR7592 CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Paris 75013, France.
| | - Hang-Korng Ea
- Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Inserm UMR 1132 Bioscar, Hôpital Lariboisière, Centre Viggo Petersen, Paris 75010, France.
| | - Christèle Combes
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse 3, Toulouse INP - ENSIACET, Toulouse 31030, France.
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Smith M, García-Martínez E, Pitter MR, Fucikova J, Spisek R, Zitvogel L, Kroemer G, Galluzzi L. Trial Watch: Toll-like receptor agonists in cancer immunotherapy. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1526250. [PMID: 30524908 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1526250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists demonstrate therapeutic promise as immunological adjuvants for anticancer immunotherapy. To date, three TLR agonists have been approved by US regulatory agencies for use in cancer patients. Additionally, the potential of hitherto experimental TLR ligands to mediate clinically useful immunostimulatory effects has been extensively investigated over the past few years. Here, we summarize recent preclinical and clinical advances in the development of TLR agonists for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melody Smith
- Department of Medicine and Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elena García-Martínez
- Hematology and Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Murcia, Spain
| | - Michael R Pitter
- Department of Medicine and Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jitka Fucikova
- Sotio a.c., Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Motol, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Spisek
- Sotio a.c., Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Motol, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- INSERM, U1015, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France.,Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (CICBT) 1428, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris Sud/Paris XI, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Université Paris Descartes/ Paris V, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France.,INSERM, U1138, Paris, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France.,Karolinska Institute, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Pôle de Biologie, Hopitâl Européen George Pompidou, AP-HP; Paris, France
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Université Paris Descartes/ Paris V, Paris, France.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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42
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Campillo-Gimenez L, Renaudin F, Jalabert M, Gras P, Gosset M, Rey C, Sarda S, Collet C, Cohen-Solal M, Combes C, Lioté F, Ea HK. Inflammatory Potential of Four Different Phases of Calcium Pyrophosphate Relies on NF-κB Activation and MAPK Pathways. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2248. [PMID: 30356764 PMCID: PMC6189479 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) microcrystal deposition is associated with wide clinical phenotypes, including acute and chronic arthritis, that are interleukin 1β (IL-1β)-driven. Two CPP microcrystals, namely monoclinic and triclinic CPP dihydrates (m- and t-CPPD), have been identified in human tissues in different proportions according to clinical features. m-CPP tetrahydrate beta (m-CPPTβ) and amorphous CPP (a-CPP) phases are considered as m- and t-CPPD crystal precursors in vitro. Objectives: We aimed to decipher the inflammatory properties of the three crystalline phases and one amorphous CPP phase and the intracellular pathways involved. Methods: The four synthesized CPP phases and monosodium urate crystals (MSU, as a control) were used in vitro to stimulate the human monocytic leukemia THP-1 cell line or bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) isolated from WT or NLRP3 KO mice. The gene expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines was evaluated by quantitative PCR; IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 production by ELISA; and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation by immunoblot analysis. NF-κB activation was determined in THP-1 cells containing a reporter plasmid. In vivo, the inflammatory potential of CPP phases was assessed with the murine air pouch model via cell analysis and production of IL-1β and CXCL1 in the exudate. The role of NF-κB was determined by a pharmacological approach, both in vivo and in vitro. Results:In vitro, IL-1β production induced by m- and t-CPPD and m-CPPTβ crystals was NLRP3 inflammasome dependent. m-CPPD crystals were the most inflammatory by inducing a faster and higher production and gene expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 than t-CPPD, m-CPPTβ and MSU crystals. The a-CPP phase did not show an inflammatory property. Accordingly, m-CPPD crystals led to stronger activation of NF-κB, p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) MAPKs. Inhibition of NF-κB completely abrogated IL-1β and IL-8 synthesis and secretion induced by all CPP crystals. Also, inhibition of JNK and ERK1/2 MAPKs decreased both IL-1β secretion and NF-κB activation induced by CPP crystals. In vivo, IL-1β and CXCL1 production and neutrophil infiltration induced by m-CPPD crystals were greatly decreased by NF-κB inhibitor treatment. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the inflammatory potential of different CPP crystals relies on their ability to activate the MAPK-dependent NF-κB pathway. Studies are ongoing to investigate the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Campillo-Gimenez
- INSERM, UMR-S 1132, Université Paris Diderot (UFR Médecine), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Félix Renaudin
- INSERM, UMR-S 1132, Université Paris Diderot (UFR Médecine), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Maud Jalabert
- INSERM, UMR-S 1132, Université Paris Diderot (UFR Médecine), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Gras
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT-ENSIACET, Toulouse, France
| | - Marjolaine Gosset
- EA2496 Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, Dental School Faculty, Université Paris Descartes PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Montrouge, France
| | - Christian Rey
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT-ENSIACET, Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphanie Sarda
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Corinne Collet
- INSERM, UMR-S 1132, Université Paris Diderot (UFR Médecine), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Service de Biochimie, AP-HP, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France
| | - Martine Cohen-Solal
- INSERM, UMR-S 1132, Université Paris Diderot (UFR Médecine), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Service de Rhumatologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France
| | - Christèle Combes
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT-ENSIACET, Toulouse, France
| | - Frédéric Lioté
- INSERM, UMR-S 1132, Université Paris Diderot (UFR Médecine), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Service de Biochimie, AP-HP, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France
| | - Hang-Korng Ea
- INSERM, UMR-S 1132, Université Paris Diderot (UFR Médecine), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Service de Rhumatologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France
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43
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Krishnan Y, Grodzinsky AJ. Cartilage diseases. Matrix Biol 2018; 71-72:51-69. [PMID: 29803938 PMCID: PMC6146013 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Hyaline cartilages, fibrocartilages and elastic cartilages play multiple roles in the human body including bearing loads in articular joints and intervertebral discs, providing joint lubrication, forming the external ears and nose, supporting the trachea, and forming the long bones during development and growth. The structure and organization of cartilage's extracellular matrix (ECM) are the primary determinants of normal function. Most diseases involving cartilage lead to dramatic changes in the ECM which can govern disease progression (e.g., in osteoarthritis), cause the main symptoms of the disease (e.g., dwarfism caused by genetically inherited mutations) or occur as collateral damage in pathological processes occurring in other nearby tissues (e.g., osteochondritis dissecans and inflammatory arthropathies). Challenges associated with cartilage diseases include poor understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis, delayed diagnoses due to the aneural nature of the tissue and drug delivery challenges due to the avascular nature of adult cartilages. This narrative review provides an overview of the clinical and pathological features as well as current treatment options available for various cartilage diseases. Late breaking advances are also described in the quest for development and delivery of effective disease modifying drugs for cartilage diseases including osteoarthritis, the most common form of arthritis that affects hundreds of millions of people worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamini Krishnan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Alan J Grodzinsky
- Department of Biological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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44
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Shu F, Shi Y. Systematic Overview of Solid Particles and Their Host Responses. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1157. [PMID: 29892295 PMCID: PMC5985299 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Crystalline/particulate substances trigger a plethora of signaling events in host cells. The most prominent consequence is the inflammatory reactions that underlie crystal arthropathies, such as gout and pseudogout. However, their impact on our health was underestimated. Recent work on the role of cholesterol crystal in the development of atherosclerosis and the harm of environmental particulates has set up new frontiers in our defense against their detrimental effects. On the other hand, in the last 100 years, crystalline/particulate substances have been used with increasing frequencies in our daily lives as a part of new industrial manufacturing and engineering. Importantly, they have become a tool in modern medicine, used as vaccine adjuvants and drug delivery vehicles. Their biological effects are also being dissected in great detail, particularly with regard to their inflammatory signaling pathways. Solid structure interaction with host cells is far from being uniform, with outcomes dependent on cell types and chemical/physical properties of the particles involved. In this review, we offer a systematic and broad outlook of this landscape and a sage analysis of the complex nature of this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Shu
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute for Immunology, Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Peking University-Tsinghua University-National Institute of Biological Sciences Joint Graduate Program, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Shi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute for Immunology, Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Snyder Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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45
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Chen Y, Yousaf MN, Mehal WZ. Role of sterile inflammation in fatty liver diseases. LIVER RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livres.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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46
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Bottini M, Mebarek S, Anderson KL, Strzelecka-Kiliszek A, Bozycki L, Simão AMS, Bolean M, Ciancaglini P, Pikula JB, Pikula S, Magne D, Volkmann N, Hanein D, Millán JL, Buchet R. Matrix vesicles from chondrocytes and osteoblasts: Their biogenesis, properties, functions and biomimetic models. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018; 1862:532-546. [PMID: 29108957 PMCID: PMC5801150 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Matrix vesicles (MVs) are released from hypertrophic chondrocytes and from mature osteoblasts, the cells responsible for endochondral and membranous ossification. Under pathological conditions, they can also be released from cells of non-skeletal tissues such as vascular smooth muscle cells. MVs are extracellular vesicles of approximately 100-300nm diameter harboring the biochemical machinery needed to induce mineralization. SCOPE OF THE REVIEW The review comprehensively delineates our current knowledge of MV biology and highlights open questions aiming to stimulate further research. The review is constructed as a series of questions addressing issues of MVs ranging from their biogenesis and functions, to biomimetic models. It critically evaluates experimental data including their isolation and characterization methods, like lipidomics, proteomics, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and proteoliposome models mimicking MVs. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS MVs have a relatively well-defined function as initiators of mineralization. They bind to collagen and their composition reflects the composition of lipid rafts. We call attention to the as yet unclear mechanisms leading to the biogenesis of MVs, and how minerals form and when they are formed. We discuss the prospects of employing upcoming experimental models to deepen our understanding of MV-mediated mineralization and mineralization disorders such as the use of reconstituted lipid vesicles, proteoliposomes and, native sample preparations and high-resolution technologies. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE MVs have been extensively investigated owing to their roles in skeletal and ectopic mineralization. MVs serve as a model system for lipid raft structures, and for the mechanisms of genesis and release of extracellular vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Bottini
- University of Rome Tor Vergata, Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, 00133 Roma, Italy; Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Saida Mebarek
- Universite Lyon 1, UFR Chimie Biochimie, 69 622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France; ICBMS UMR 5246 CNRS, 69 622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France; INSA, Lyon, 69 622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France; CPE, Lyon, 69 622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France; Universite de Lyon, 69 622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Karen L Anderson
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Agnieszka Strzelecka-Kiliszek
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lukasz Bozycki
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ana Maria Sper Simão
- Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, USP, Departamento de Química, 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Maytê Bolean
- Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, USP, Departamento de Química, 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Pietro Ciancaglini
- Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, USP, Departamento de Química, 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Joanna Bandorowicz Pikula
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Slawomir Pikula
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - David Magne
- Universite Lyon 1, UFR Chimie Biochimie, 69 622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France; ICBMS UMR 5246 CNRS, 69 622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France; INSA, Lyon, 69 622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France; CPE, Lyon, 69 622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France; Universite de Lyon, 69 622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Niels Volkmann
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Dorit Hanein
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - José Luis Millán
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Rene Buchet
- Universite Lyon 1, UFR Chimie Biochimie, 69 622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France; ICBMS UMR 5246 CNRS, 69 622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France; INSA, Lyon, 69 622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France; CPE, Lyon, 69 622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France; Universite de Lyon, 69 622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
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47
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Chen M, Lu X, Lu C, Shen N, Jiang Y, Chen M, Wu H. Soluble uric acid increases PDZK1 and ABCG2 expression in human intestinal cell lines via the TLR4-NLRP3 inflammasome and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Arthritis Res Ther 2018; 20:20. [PMID: 29415757 PMCID: PMC5803867 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-018-1512-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In addition to the kidney, the intestine is one of the most important organs involved in uric acid excretion. However, the mechanism of urate excretion in the intestine remains unclear. Therefore, the relationship between soluble uric acid and the gut excretion in human intestinal cells was explored. The relevant signaling molecules were then also examined. METHODS HT-29 and Caco-2 cell lines were stimulated with soluble uric acid. Western blotting and qRT-PCR were used to measure protein and mRNA levels. Subcellular fractionation methods and immunofluorescence were used to quantify the proteins in different subcellular compartments. Flow cytometry experiments examined the function of ATP-binding cassette transporter, subfamily G, member 2 (ABCG2). Small interfering RNA transfection was used to assess the interaction between ABCG2 and PDZ domain-containing 1 (PDZK1). RESULTS Soluble uric acid increased the expression of PDZK1 and ABCG2. The stimulation of soluble uric acid also facilitated the translocation of ABCG2 from the intracellular compartment to the plasma membrane and increased its transport activity. Moreover, the upregulation of PDZK1 and ABCG2 by soluble uric acid was partially decreased by either TLR4-NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors or PI3K/Akt signaling inhibitors. Furthermore, PDZK1 knockdown significantly inhibited the expression and transport activity of ABCG2 regardless of the activation by soluble uric acid, demonstrating a pivotal role for PDZK1 in the regulation of ABCG2. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that urate upregulates the expression of PDZK1 and ABCG2 for excretion in intestinal cells via activating the TLR4-NLRP3 inflammasome and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310009, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 310007, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyong Lu
- Department of Rheumatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310009, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ci Lu
- Department of Rheumatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310009, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ning Shen
- Department of Rheumatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310009, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yujie Jiang
- Department of Rheumatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310009, Hangzhou, China
| | - Menglu Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310009, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huaxiang Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310009, Hangzhou, China.
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48
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The pericellular hyaluronan of articular chondrocytes. Matrix Biol 2018; 78-79:32-46. [PMID: 29425696 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The story of hyaluronan in articular cartilage, pericellular hyaluronan in particular, essentially is also the story of aggrecan. Without properly tethered aggrecan, the load bearing function of cartilage is compromised. The anchorage of aggrecan to the cell surface only occurs due to the binding of aggrecan to hyaluronan-with hyaluronan tethered either to a hyaluronan synthase or by multivalent binding to CD44. In this review, details of hyaluronan synthesis are discussed including how HAS2 production of hyaluronan is necessary for normal chondrocyte development and matrix assembly, how an abundance or deficit of pericellular hyaluronan alters chondrocyte metabolism, and whether hyaluronan size matters or changes with aging or disease. The biomechanical role and matrix assembly function of hyaluronan in addition to the functions of hyaluronidases are discussed. The turnover of hyaluronan is considered including mechanisms by which its turnover, at least in part, is mediated by endocytosis by chondrocytes and regulated by aggrecan degradation. Differences between turnover and clearance of newly synthesized hyaluronan and aggrecan versus the half-life of hyaluronan remaining within the inter-territorial matrix of cartilage are discussed. The release of neutral pH-acting hyaluronidase activity remains one unanswered question concerning the loss of cartilage hyaluronan in osteoarthritis. Signaling events driven by changes in hyaluronan-chondrocyte interactions may involve a chaperone function of CD44 with other receptors/cofactors as well as the changes in hyaluronan production functioning as a metabolic rheostat.
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49
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Calcium-phosphate complex increased during subchondral bone remodeling affects earlystage osteoarthritis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:487. [PMID: 29323204 PMCID: PMC5765022 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18946-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
An activation of osteoclasts and subchondral bone remodeling is a major histologic feature of early-stage osteoarthritis (OA), which can be accompanied by an increase of calcium (Ca) and phosphate (Pi) level in the subchondral milieu. Considering articular cartilage gets most of nutrition from subchondral bone by diffusion, these micro-environmental changes in subchondral bone can affect the physiology of articular chondrocytes. Here, we have shown that Ca is increased and co-localized with Pi in articular cartilage of early-stage OA. The Ca-Pi complex increased the production of MMP-3 and MMP-13 in the hypertrophic chondrocytes, which was dependent on nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB), p38 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) 1/2 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase and Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling. The Ca-Pi complexes increased the expression of endocytosis markers, and the inhibition of the formation of the Ca-Pi complex ameliorated the Ca-Pi complex-mediated increases of MMPs expression in hypertrophic chondrocytes. Our data provide insight regarding the Ca-Pi complex as a potential catabolic mediator in the subchondral milieu and support the pathogenic role of subchondral bone in the early stages of cartilage degeneration.
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50
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Wang J, Yang Q, Zhang Q, Yin C, Zhou L, Zhou J, Wang Y, Mi QS. Invariant Natural Killer T Cells Ameliorate Monosodium Urate Crystal-Induced Gouty Inflammation in Mice. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1710. [PMID: 29312287 PMCID: PMC5733058 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Gout is an inflammatory arthritis caused by deposition of intra-articular monosodium urate (MSU) crystal. Previous studies have focused on resident macrophage, infiltrating monocyte, and neutrophil responses to MSU crystal; yet the mechanisms of cellular changes and the potential involvement of other regulatory immune cells remain largely unknown. Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells, an innate type of T cell, are involved in the development of various inflammatory diseases. Here, we investigate the role of iNKT cells in MSU crystal-induced gouty inflammation. MSU crystal-induced inflammatory profiles in an air-pouch model were examined in iNKT-deficient CD1d knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) control mice. To explore potential mechanisms of iNKT cell regulation of gouty inflammation, we cocultured CD4+ or CD4−iNKT cells with bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). We found that iNKT cells quickly migrated to the site of inflammation upon MSU crystal stimulation in WT mice. The total number of infiltrating cells in CD1d KO mice, especially neutrophils, was dramatically increased at 6 and 12 h (P < 0.01) post-MSU crystal challenge, compared with WT controls. BMDMs cocultured with CD4+iNKT cells produced less tumor necrosis factor-α and expressed higher levels of M2 macrophage markers, including Clec7a, Pdcd1Ig2, and interleukin-4 (P < 0.01), compared with BMDMs cocultured with CD4−iNKT cells or conventional CD4+ T cells. CD4+iNKT cells are one of the key regulators of MSU crystal-induced gouty inflammation through the control of macrophage polarization. iNKT cells may serve as a new therapeutic target for gout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Immunology Research Program, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States.,Center for Cutaneous Biology and Immunology Research, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Qibin Yang
- Immunology Research Program, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States.,Center for Cutaneous Biology and Immunology Research, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States.,Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Quanbo Zhang
- Immunology Research Program, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States.,Center for Cutaneous Biology and Immunology Research, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States.,Department of Gerontology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Congcong Yin
- Immunology Research Program, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States.,Center for Cutaneous Biology and Immunology Research, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Li Zhou
- Immunology Research Program, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States.,Center for Cutaneous Biology and Immunology Research, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Jingguo Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Yangang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qing-Sheng Mi
- Immunology Research Program, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States.,Center for Cutaneous Biology and Immunology Research, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States
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