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Hu X, Wang N, Gao F, Ge S, Lin M, Zhang X, Li T, Li T, Xu C, Huang C, Liang G, Shang W, Xiang F, Feng Y. Prognostic significance of serum Chemerin and neutrophils levels in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32393. [PMID: 38975159 PMCID: PMC11225754 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Chemerin, as a novel multifunctional adipokine, is proposed to be involved in high cancer risk and mortality. The present study was aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of serum Chemerin and neutrophils in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Materials and methods 120 patients with OSCC were included in this prospective cohort study. The levels of serum Chemerin were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We also explored the possible effects of Chemerin on neutrophils' chemokines in OSCC using a real-time PCR, western blotting. Results Levels of serum Chemerin, neutrophils and NLR were significantly higher among non-survivors compared to survivors of OSCC (both P < 0.05). Higher serum Chemerin levels were associated with advanced TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, differentiation and tumor recurrence (both P < 0.05). Serum Chemerin levels correlated with neutrophils and NLR levels (r = 0.708, r = 0.578, both P < 0.05). Based on ROC analysis, Chemerin + NLR predicted OSCC patient mortality with 81.54 % sensitivity and 87.27 % specificity, with an AUC of 0.8898. In a Kaplan-Meier analysis, high serum Chemerin levels, high neutrophil levels and high NLR levels were associated with shorter overall and disease-free survival (both P < 0.05). A univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that serum Chemerin and neutrophils were independent risk factors for OSCC. (both P < 0.05). QRT-PCR and western blotting results showed that Chemerin upregulated the expression of chemokines IL-17 and CXCL-5 in neutrophils (both P < 0.05). Conclusions Our study suggests that measurement of serum Chemerin and neutrophils might be a useful diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for OSCC patients. Chemerin may promote neutrophils infiltration in OSCC through upregulation of chemokines IL17 and CXCL-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyuan Hu
- Biological Therapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunzhou Road No. 519, Kunming, Yunnan, 650118, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Deparment of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Shengyou Ge
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology and The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Jiangsu Road No.16, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, China
| | - Mei Lin
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Tongtong Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Tao Li
- Biological Therapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunzhou Road No. 519, Kunming, Yunnan, 650118, China
| | - Changting Xu
- Biological Therapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunzhou Road No. 519, Kunming, Yunnan, 650118, China
| | - Caixiu Huang
- Biological Therapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunzhou Road No. 519, Kunming, Yunnan, 650118, China
| | - Guicai Liang
- Biological Therapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunzhou Road No. 519, Kunming, Yunnan, 650118, China
| | - Wei Shang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology and The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Jiangsu Road No.16, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, China
| | - Fenggang Xiang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yuanyong Feng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology and The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Jiangsu Road No.16, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, China
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Pandey S, Tiwari S, Basu S, Mishra RK, Pandey R. Dynamics of a network mediated by IL-36 and involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. FRONTIERS IN NETWORK PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 4:1363791. [PMID: 38883205 PMCID: PMC11176455 DOI: 10.3389/fnetp.2024.1363791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of the inflammatory, chronic, and common skin disease psoriasis involves immune cells, skin cells (keratinocytes), and the cytokines they secrete. Hyperproliferation and abnormal differentiation of keratinocytes are hallmarks of the disease. The roles of cytokines such as TNFα, IL-15, IL-17, and IL-23 in psoriasis have been studied through mathematical/computational models as well as experiments. However, the role of proinflammatory cytokine IL-36 in the onset and progression of psoriasis is still elusive. To explore the role of IL-36, we construct a network embodying indirect cell-cell interactions of a few immune and skin cells mediated by IL-36 based on existing knowledge. We also develop a mathematical model for the network and perform a global sensitivity analysis. Our results suggest that the model is most sensitive to a parameter that represents the level of cytokine IL-36. In addition, a steady-state analysis of the model suggests that an increase in the level of IL-36 could lead to the hyperproliferation of keratinocytes and, thus, psoriasis. Our analysis also highlights that the plaque formation and progression of psoriasis could occur through either a gradual or a switch-like increase in the keratinocyte population. We propose that the switch-like increase would be due to a bistable behavior of the network toward either a psoriatic or healthy state and could be used as a novel treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Pandey
- Bioinformatics, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Syona Tiwari
- Bioinformatics, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Sulagna Basu
- Bioinformatics, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | | | - Rakesh Pandey
- Bioinformatics, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Park S, Shimokawa I. Influence of Adipokines on Metabolic Dysfunction and Aging. Biomedicines 2024; 12:873. [PMID: 38672227 PMCID: PMC11048512 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, 30% of the global population is overweight or obese, with projections from the World Obesity Federation suggesting that this figure will surpass 50% by 2035. Adipose tissue dysfunction, a primary characteristic of obesity, is closely associated with an increased risk of metabolic abnormalities, such as hypertension, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia, collectively termed metabolic syndrome. In particular, visceral fat accretion is considered as a hallmark of aging and is strongly linked to higher mortality rates in humans. Adipokines, bioactive peptides secreted by adipose tissue, play crucial roles in regulating appetite, satiety, adiposity, and metabolic balance, thereby rendering them key players in alleviating metabolic diseases and potentially extending health span. In this review, we elucidated the role of adipokines in the development of obesity and related metabolic disorders while also exploring the potential of certain adipokines as candidates for longevity interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongjoon Park
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan;
| | - Isao Shimokawa
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan;
- SAGL, Limited Liability Company, 1-4-34, Kusagae, Chuo-ku, Fukuoka 810-0045, Japan
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Johnston RA, Pilkington AW, Atkins CL, Boots TE, Brown PL, Jackson WT, Spencer CY, Siddiqui SR, Haque IU. Inconsequential role for chemerin-like receptor 1 in the manifestation of ozone-induced lung pathophysiology in male mice. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e16008. [PMID: 38631890 PMCID: PMC11023814 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.16008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
We executed this study to determine if chemerin-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1), a Gi/o protein-coupled receptor expressed by leukocytes and non-leukocytes, contributes to the development of phenotypic features of non-atopic asthma, including airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to acetyl-β-methylcholine chloride, lung hyperpermeability, airway epithelial cell desquamation, and lung inflammation. Accordingly, we quantified sequelae of non-atopic asthma in wild-type mice and mice incapable of expressing CMKLR1 (CMKLR1-deficient mice) following cessation of acute inhalation exposure to either filtered room air (air) or ozone (O3), a criteria pollutant and non-atopic asthma stimulus. Following exposure to air, lung elastic recoil and airway responsiveness were greater while the quantity of adiponectin, a multi-functional adipocytokine, in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid was lower in CMKLR1-deficient as compared to wild-type mice. Regardless of genotype, exposure to O3 caused AHR, lung hyperpermeability, airway epithelial cell desquamation, and lung inflammation. Nevertheless, except for minimal genotype-related effects on lung hyperpermeability and BAL adiponectin, we observed no other genotype-related differences following O3 exposure. In summary, we demonstrate that CMKLR1 limits the severity of innate airway responsiveness and lung elastic recoil but has a nominal effect on lung pathophysiology induced by acute exposure to O3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard A. Johnston
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionUnited States Department of Health and Human ServicesMorgantownWest VirginiaUSA
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of MedicineWest Virginia UniversityMorgantownWest VirginiaUSA
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of PediatricsMcGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
- Department of Integrative Biology and PharmacologyMcGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Albert W. Pilkington
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionUnited States Department of Health and Human ServicesMorgantownWest VirginiaUSA
| | - Constance L. Atkins
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of PediatricsMcGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Theresa E. Boots
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionUnited States Department of Health and Human ServicesMorgantownWest VirginiaUSA
| | - Philip L. Brown
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionUnited States Department of Health and Human ServicesMorgantownWest VirginiaUSA
| | - William T. Jackson
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of PediatricsMcGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Chantal Y. Spencer
- Section of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of PediatricsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Saad R. Siddiqui
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of PediatricsMcGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Ikram U. Haque
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of PediatricsMcGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
- Division of Critical Care, Department of PediatricsSidra MedicineDohaQatar
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Yu X, Li C, Wang Z, Xu Y, Shao S, Shao F, Wang H, Liu J. Neutrophils in cancer: dual roles through intercellular interactions. Oncogene 2024; 43:1163-1177. [PMID: 38472320 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-03004-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Neutrophils, the most abundant immune cells in human blood, play crucial and diverse roles in tumor development. In the tumor microenvironment (TME), cancer cells regulate the recruitment and behaviors of neutrophils, transforming some of them into a pro-tumor phenotype. Pro-tumor neutrophils interact with cancer cells in various ways to promote cancer initiation, growth, and metastasis, while anti-tumor neutrophils interact with cancer cells to induce senescence and death. Neutrophils can also interact with other cells in TME, including T cells, macrophages, stromal cells, etc. to exert anti- or pro-tumor functions. In this review, we will analyze the anti- and pro-tumor intercellular interactions mediated by neutrophils, with a focus on generalizing the mechanisms underlying the interaction of neutrophils with tumor cells and T cells. Furthermore, we will provide an overview of cancer treatment strategies targeting neutrophil-mediated cellular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
- Edinburgh Medical School: Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Changhui Li
- Edinburgh Medical School: Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Zijin Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
- Edinburgh Medical School: Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Yaping Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
- Edinburgh Medical School: Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Shiqun Shao
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials and Center for Bionanoengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fangwei Shao
- Biomedical and Heath Translational Research Center of Zhejiang Province, Haining, China
- -University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Institute, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China
- National Key Laboratory of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China.
- Edinburgh Medical School: Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
- Biomedical and Heath Translational Research Center of Zhejiang Province, Haining, China.
- Hangzhou Cancer Institution, Affiliated Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310002, China.
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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6
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Lavis P, Bondue B, Cardozo AK. The Dual Role of Chemerin in Lung Diseases. Cells 2024; 13:171. [PMID: 38247862 PMCID: PMC10814516 DOI: 10.3390/cells13020171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemerin is an atypical chemokine first described as a chemoattractant agent for monocytes, natural killer cells, plasmacytoid and myeloid dendritic cells, through interaction with its main receptor, the G protein-coupled receptor chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1). Chemerin has been studied in various lung disease models, showing both pro- and anti-inflammatory properties. Given the incidence and burden of inflammatory lung diseases from diverse origins (infectious, autoimmune, age-related, etc.), chemerin has emerged as an interesting therapeutical target due to its immunomodulatory role. However, as highlighted by this review, further research efforts to elucidate the mechanisms governing chemerin's dual pro- and anti-inflammatory characteristics are urgently needed. Moreover, although a growing body of evidence suggests chemerin as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and/or prognosis of inflammatory lung diseases, this review underscores the necessity for standardizing both sampling types and measurement techniques before drawing definitive conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philomène Lavis
- Department of Pathology, Brussels University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium;
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (I.R.I.B.H.M.), Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Benjamin Bondue
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (I.R.I.B.H.M.), Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium;
- Department of Pneumology, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alessandra Kupper Cardozo
- Inflammation and Cell Death Signalling Group, Signal Transduction and Metabolism Laboratory, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
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7
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Bengi VU, Özcan E, Saygun NI, Guler OS, Serdar MA. Effect of non-surgical periodontal treatment on visfatin and chemerin concentration in the gingival crevicular fluid. Odontology 2024; 112:200-207. [PMID: 36976366 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-023-00808-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Visfatin, as a novel adipokine, is considered to play a role in periodontal inflammation. Chemerin is another newly identified adipokine that is possible to have a role in periodontitis firstly reported in our previous study. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of visfatin and chemerin in periodontitis and and compare these adipokine levels with before and after non-surgical periodontal treatment. Twenty-nine patients with Stage III Grade B periodontitis and eighteen healthy subjects included in this cross-sectional cohort study. Clinical periodontal parameters and GCF were obtained from all subjects. Eight weeks after the following non-surgical periodontal treatment including scaling and root planning, samples and clinical periodontal parameters were collected again in the periodontitis group. The levels of adipokines were analyzed with standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The levels of visfatin and chemerin were statistically significantly higher at periodontitis group as compared to healthy group (P < 0.001). Although, no changes were observed in visfatin levels after periodontal treatment (P > 0.05), chemerin levels were significantly decreased (P < 0.001). Also, no differences were observed as compared to the healthy group (P > 0.05). Visfatin and chemerin may play a role in the periodontal disease process. In addition, it can be considered that the decreased chemerin levels after non-surgical periodontal treatment may play an important role for developing host modulation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Umut Bengi
- Gulhane Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Erkan Özcan
- Gulhane Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - N Işıl Saygun
- Gulhane Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - O Sebnem Guler
- Gulhane Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Muhittin A Serdar
- Department of Basic Sciences, Medical Biochemistry, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Ankara, Turkey
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8
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Man AWC, Zhou Y, Reifenberg G, Camp A, Münzel T, Daiber A, Xia N, Li H. Deletion of adipocyte NOS3 potentiates high-fat diet-induced hypertension and vascular remodelling via chemerin. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:2755-2769. [PMID: 37897505 PMCID: PMC10757584 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvad164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Obesity is an epidemic that is a critical contributor to hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases. Current paradigms suggest that endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS/NOS3) in the vessel wall is the primary regulator of vascular function and blood pressure. However, recent studies have revealed the presence of eNOS/NOS3 in the adipocytes of white adipose tissues and perivascular adipose tissues (PVATs). The current understanding of the role of adipocyte NOS3 is based mainly on studies using global knockout models. The present study aimed to elucidate the functional significance of adipocyte NOS3 for vascular function and blood pressure control. METHODS AND RESULTS We generated an adipocyte-specific NOS3 knockout mouse line using adiponectin promoter-specific Cre-induced gene inactivation. Control and adipocyte-specific NOS3 knockout (A-NOS3 KO) mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Despite less weight gain, A-NOS3 KO mice exhibited a significant increase in blood pressure after HFD feeding, associated with exacerbated vascular dysfunction and remodelling. A-NOS3 KO mice also showed increased expression of signature markers of inflammation and hypoxia in the PVATs. Among the differentially expressed adipokines, we have observed an upregulation of a novel adipokine, chemerin, in A-NOS3 KO mice. Chemerin was recently reported to link obesity and vascular dysfunction. Treatment with chemerin neutralizing antibody normalized the expression of remodelling markers in the aorta segments cultured in serum from HFD-fed A-NOS3 KO mice ex vivo. CONCLUSION These data suggest that NOS3 in adipocytes is vital in maintaining vascular homeostasis; dysfunction of adipocyte NOS3 contributes to obesity-induced vascular remodelling and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy W C Man
- Department of Pharmacology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Yawen Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Gisela Reifenberg
- Department of Pharmacology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Alica Camp
- Department of Pharmacology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Daiber
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ning Xia
- Department of Pharmacology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Huige Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
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Adrover JM, McDowell SAC, He XY, Quail DF, Egeblad M. NETworking with cancer: The bidirectional interplay between cancer and neutrophil extracellular traps. Cancer Cell 2023; 41:505-526. [PMID: 36827980 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils are major effectors and regulators of the immune system. They play critical roles not only in the eradication of pathogens but also in cancer initiation and progression. Conversely, the presence of cancer affects neutrophil activity, maturation, and lifespan. By promoting or repressing key neutrophil functions, cancer cells co-opt neutrophil biology to their advantage. This co-opting includes hijacking one of neutrophils' most striking pathogen defense mechanisms: the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs are web-like filamentous extracellular structures of DNA, histones, and cytotoxic granule-derived proteins. Here, we discuss the bidirectional interplay by which cancer stimulates NET formation, and NETs in turn support disease progression. We review how vascular dysfunction and thrombosis caused by neutrophils and NETs underlie an elevated risk of death from cardiovascular events in cancer patients. Finally, we propose therapeutic strategies that may be effective in targeting NETs in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M Adrover
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Sheri A C McDowell
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Xue-Yan He
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Daniela F Quail
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Mikala Egeblad
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA.
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Yue G, An Q, Xu X, Jin Z, Ding J, Hu Y, Du Q, Xu J, Xie R. The role of Chemerin in human diseases. Cytokine 2023; 162:156089. [PMID: 36463659 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.156089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Chemerin is a protein encoded by the Rarres2 gene that acts through endocrine or paracrine regulation. Chemerin can bind to its receptor, regulate insulin sensitivity and adipocyte differentiation, and thus affect glucose and lipid metabolism. There is growing evidence that it also plays an important role in diseases such as inflammation and cancer. Chemerin has been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and metabolic diseases caused by leukocyte chemoattractants in a variety of organs, but its biological function remains controversial. In conclusion, the exciting findings collected over the past few years clearly indicate that targeting Chemerin signaling as a biological target will be a major research goal in the future. This article reviews the pathophysiological roles of Chemerin in various systems and diseases,and expect to provide a rationale for its role as a clinical therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengyu Yue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Qimin An
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Xiaolin Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Zhe Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Jianhong Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Yanxia Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Qian Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Jingyu Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
| | - Rui Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
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11
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Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Asthma: Friends or Foes? Cells 2022; 11:cells11213521. [PMID: 36359917 PMCID: PMC9654069 DOI: 10.3390/cells11213521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by variable airflow limitation and airway hyperresponsiveness. A plethora of immune and structural cells are involved in asthma pathogenesis. The roles of neutrophils and their mediators in different asthma phenotypes are largely unknown. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are net-like structures composed of DNA scaffolds, histones and granular proteins released by activated neutrophils. NETs were originally described as a process to entrap and kill a variety of microorganisms. NET formation can be achieved through a cell-death process, termed NETosis, or in association with the release of DNA from viable neutrophils. NETs can also promote the resolution of inflammation by degrading cytokines and chemokines. NETs have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various non-infectious conditions, including autoimmunity, cancer and even allergic disorders. Putative surrogate NET biomarkers (e.g., double-strand DNA (dsDNA), myeloperoxidase-DNA (MPO-DNA), and citrullinated histone H3 (CitH3)) have been found in different sites/fluids of patients with asthma. Targeting NETs has been proposed as a therapeutic strategy in several diseases. However, different NETs and NET components may have alternate, even opposite, consequences on inflammation. Here we review recent findings emphasizing the pathogenic and therapeutic potential of NETs in asthma.
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12
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Gudelska M, Dobrzyn K, Kiezun M, Kisielewska K, Rytelewska E, Kaminski T, Smolinska N. The effect of oestradiol and progesterone on chemerin system expression in the porcine endometrium during early pregnancy and the mid-luteal phase of the oestrous cycle. Theriogenology 2022; 196:186-201. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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13
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Chemerin as a Potential Marker of Resolution of Inflammation in COVID-19 Infection. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102462. [PMID: 36289725 PMCID: PMC9599036 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemerin is one of the specialized pro-resolving mediators that participate in the early phase of inflammation and contribute to the initiation of the pro-resolving response. There is a paucity of data regarding the time course of chemerin during acute infections. We aimed to evaluate the sequence of inflammatory responses in the acute COVID-19 phase throughout onset and resolution of inflammation. We evaluated changes in selected biomarkers in COVID-19 survivors on the 7-day and 28-day follow up. Chemerin was lower in patients with baseline moderate/severe disease at day 7 compared with asymptomatic patients and individuals with mild illness (7265 [5526−9448] vs. 8730 [6888−11,058] pg/mL; p = 0.03). Only in patients with moderate/severe disease, but not in those with mild symptoms, were chemerin concentrations decreased one week after infection onset compared with baseline (7265 [5526−9448] vs. 8866 [6383−10,690] pg/mL; p < 0.05) with a subsequent increase on the 28-day follow up (9313 [7353−11,033] pg/mL; p < 0.05). Resolution of inflammation in the group of moderate/severe SARS-CoV2 infection was associated with increasing serum concentrations of chemerin, contrary to pro-inflammatory cytokines and adipokines (pentraxin 3, TNFα, resistin, leptin). A similar pattern of angiopoietin-2 dynamics may suggest signs of enhanced vascularization as a consequence of acute SARS-CoV2 infection.
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14
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Lavis P, Morra S, Orte Cano C, Albayrak N, Corbière V, Olislagers V, Dauby N, Del Marmol V, Marchant A, Decaestecker C, Mascart F, De Vos N, Van de Borne P, Salmon I, Remmelink M, Parmentier M, Cardozo AK, Bondue B. Chemerin plasma levels are increased in COVID-19 patients and are an independent risk factor of mortality. Front Immunol 2022; 13:941663. [PMID: 36032171 PMCID: PMC9412239 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.941663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chemerin is an extracellular protein with chemotactic activities and its expression is increased in various diseases such as metabolic syndrome and inflammatory conditions. Its role in lung pathology has not yet been extensively studied but both known pro- and anti-inflammatory properties have been observed. The aim of our study was to evaluate the involvement of the chemerin/ChemR23 system in the physiopathology of COVID-19 with a particular focus on its prognostic value. Methods Blood samples from confirmed COVID-19 patients were collected at day 1, 5 and 14 from admission to Erasme Hospital (Brussels – Belgium). Chemerin concentrations and inflammatory biomarkers were analyzed in the plasma. Blood cells subtypes and their expression of ChemR23 were determined by flow cytometry. The expression of chemerin and ChemR23 was evaluated on lung tissue from autopsied COVID-19 patients by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results 21 healthy controls (HC) and 88 COVID-19 patients, including 40 in intensive care unit (ICU) were included. Plasma chemerin concentration were significantly higher in ICU patients than in HC at all time-points analyzed (p<0.0001). Moreover, they were higher in deceased patients compared to survivors (p<0.05). Logistic univariate regression and multivariate analysis demonstrated that chemerin level at day 14 of admission was an independent risk factor for death. Accordingly, chemerin levels correlated with inflammatory biomarkers such as C-reactive protein and tumor necrosis factor α. Finally, IHC analysis revealed a strong expression of ChemR23 on smooth muscle cells and chemerin on myofibroblasts in advanced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Discussion Increased plasma chemerin levels are a marker of severity and may predict death of COVID-19 patients. However, multicentric studies are needed, before chemerin can be considered as a biomarker of severity and death used in daily clinical practice. Further studies are also necessary to identify the precise mechanisms of the chemerin/ChemR23 system in ARDS secondary to viral pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philomène Lavis
- Department of Pathology, Erasme Hospital, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- I.R.I.B.H.M., Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sofia Morra
- Department of Cardiology, Erasme Hospital, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Carmen Orte Cano
- Department of Dermatology, Erasme Hospital, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nurhan Albayrak
- Laboratory of Vaccinology and Mucosal Immunity, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Véronique Corbière
- Laboratory of Vaccinology and Mucosal Immunity, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Véronique Olislagers
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Dauby
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Infectious Diseases, C.H.U. Saint-Pierre, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Véronique Del Marmol
- Department of Dermatology, Erasme Hospital, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Marchant
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christine Decaestecker
- DIAPath, Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, Université libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium
- Laboratory of Image Synthesis and Analysis, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Françoise Mascart
- Laboratory of Vaccinology and Mucosal Immunity, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie De Vos
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, LHUB-ULB, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Philippe Van de Borne
- Department of Cardiology, Erasme Hospital, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Institute for Translational Research in Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Salmon
- Department of Pathology, Erasme Hospital, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- DIAPath, Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, Université libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium
- Centre Universitaire inter Régional d’expertise en Anatomie Pathologique Hospitalière, Jumet, Belgium
| | - Myriam Remmelink
- Department of Pathology, Erasme Hospital, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marc Parmentier
- I.R.I.B.H.M., Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alessandra Kupper Cardozo
- Inflammation and Cell Death Signalling group, Experimental Gastroenterology Laboratory and Endotools, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Benjamin Bondue
- I.R.I.B.H.M., Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Pneumology, Erasme Hospital, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Benjamin Bondue,
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15
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Ham J, Kim J, Ko YG, Kim HY. The Dynamic Contribution of Neutrophils in the Chronic Respiratory Diseases. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2022; 14:361-378. [PMID: 35837821 PMCID: PMC9293600 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2022.14.4.361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis are representative chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs). Although they differ in terms of disease presentation, they are all thought to arise from unresolved inflammation. Neutrophils are not only the first responders to acute inflammation, but they also help resolve the inflammation. Notably, emerging clinical studies show that CRDs are associated with systemic and local elevation of neutrophils. Moreover, murine studies suggest that airway-infiltrating neutrophils not only help initiate airway inflammation but also prolong the inflammation. Given this background, this review describes neutrophil-mediated immune responses in CRDs and summarizes the completed, ongoing, and potential clinical trials that test the therapeutic value of targeting neutrophils in CRDs. The review also clarifies the importance of understanding how neutrophils interact with other immune cells and how these interactions contribute to chronic inflammation in specific CRDs. This information may help identify future therapeutic strategies for CRDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongho Ham
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, BK21 Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,CIRNO, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jihyun Kim
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Gyun Ko
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, BK21 Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,CIRNO, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hye Young Kim
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, BK21 Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,CIRNO, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea.,Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea.
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16
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Xie Y, Liu L. Role of Chemerin/ChemR23 axis as an emerging therapeutic perspective on obesity-related vascular dysfunction. J Transl Med 2022; 20:141. [PMID: 35317838 PMCID: PMC8939091 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03220-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sufficient epidemiological investigations demonstrate that there is a close correlation between obesity and vascular dysfunction. Nevertheless, specific mechanisms underlying this link remain currently unclear. Given the crucial and decisive role of vascular dysfunction in multitudinous diseases, various hypotheses had been proposed and numerous experiments were being carried out. One recognized view is that increased adipokine secretion following the expanded mass of white adipose tissue due to obesity contributes to the regulation of vascular function. Chemerin, as a neo-adipokine, whose systemic level is elevated in obesity, is believed as a regulator of adipogenesis, inflammation, and vascular dysfunction via binding its cell surface receptor, chemR23. Hence, this review aims to focus on the up-to-date proof on chemerin/chemR23 axis-relevant signaling pathways, emphasize the multifarious impacts of chemerin/chemR23 axis on vascular function regulation, raise certain unsettled questions to inspire further investigations, and explore the therapeutic possibilities targeting chemerin/chemR23.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Xie
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China. .,Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha, China. .,Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, China. .,Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, China.
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17
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Degroot GN, Lepage V, Parmentier M, Springael JY. The Atypical Chemerin Receptor GPR1 Displays Different Modes of Interaction with β-Arrestins in Humans and Mice with Important Consequences on Subcellular Localization and Trafficking. Cells 2022; 11:cells11061037. [PMID: 35326488 PMCID: PMC8947326 DOI: 10.3390/cells11061037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Atypical chemokine receptors (ACKRs) have emerged as a subfamily of chemokine receptors regulating the local bioavailability of their ligands through scavenging, concentration, or transport. The biological roles of ACKRs in human physiology and diseases are often studied by using transgenic mouse models. However, it is unknown whether mouse and human ACKRs share the same properties. In this study, we compared the properties of the human and mouse atypical chemerin receptor GPR1 and showed that they behave differently regarding their interaction with β-arrestins. Human hGPR1 interacts with β-arrestins as a result of chemerin stimulation, whereas its mouse orthologue mGPR1 displays a strong constitutive interaction with β-arrestins in basal conditions. The constitutive interaction of mGPR1 with β-arrestins is accompanied by a redistribution of the receptor from the plasma membrane to early and recycling endosomes. In addition, β-arrestins appear mandatory for the chemerin-induced internalization of mGPR1, whereas they are dispensable for the trafficking of hGPR1. However, mGPR1 scavenges chemerin and activates MAP kinases ERK1/2 similarly to hGPR1. Finally, we showed that the constitutive interaction of mGPR1 with β-arrestins required different structural constituents, including the receptor C-terminus and arginine 3.50 in the second intracellular loop. Altogether, our results show that sequence variations within cytosolic regions of GPR1 orthologues influence their ability to interact with β-arrestins, with important consequences on GPR1 subcellular distribution and trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetan-Nagim Degroot
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (G.-N.D.); (V.L.); (M.P.)
| | - Valentin Lepage
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (G.-N.D.); (V.L.); (M.P.)
| | - Marc Parmentier
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (G.-N.D.); (V.L.); (M.P.)
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (Welbio), 1300 Wavre, Belgium
| | - Jean-Yves Springael
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (G.-N.D.); (V.L.); (M.P.)
- Correspondence:
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18
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Fischer TF, Beck-Sickinger AG. Chemerin - exploring a versatile adipokine. Biol Chem 2022; 403:625-642. [PMID: 35040613 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2021-0409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chemerin is a small chemotactic protein and a key player in initiating the early immune response. As an adipokine, chemerin is also involved in energy homeostasis and the regulation of reproductive functions. Secreted as inactive prochemerin, it relies on proteolytic activation by serine proteases to exert biological activity. Chemerin binds to three distinct G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR), namely chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1, recently named chemerin1), G protein-coupled receptor 1 (GPR1, recently named chemerin2), and CC-motif chemokine receptor-like 2 (CCRL2). Only CMKLR1 displays conventional G protein signaling, while GPR1 only recruits arrestin in response to ligand stimulation, and no CCRL2-mediated signaling events have been described to date. However, GPR1 undergoes constitutive endocytosis, making this receptor perfectly adapted as decoy receptor. Here, we discuss expression pattern, activation, and receptor binding of chemerin. Moreover, we review the current literature regarding the involvement of chemerin in cancer and several obesity-related diseases, as well as recent developments in therapeutic targeting of the chemerin system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias F Fischer
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Leipzig, Brüderstraße 34, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
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19
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Gudelska M, Dobrzyn K, Kiezun M, Kisielewska K, Rytelewska E, Kaminski T, Smolinska N. Chemerin Affects P 4 and E 2 Synthesis in the Porcine Endometrium during Early Pregnancy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:945. [PMID: 35055130 PMCID: PMC8781843 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemerin, belonging to the adipokine family, exhibits pleiotropic activity. We hypothesised that the adipokine could be involved in the regulation of steroidogenesis in the porcine endometrium. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of chemerin on the key steroidogenic enzyme proteins' abundance (Western blot), as well as on P4 and E2 secretion (radioimmunoassay) by the porcine endometrium during early pregnancy and the mid-luteal phase of the oestrous cycle. Moreover, we investigated the hormone impact on Erk and Akt signalling pathway activation (Western blot). Chemerin stimulated E2 production on days 10 to 11 of pregnancy. On days 10 to 11 and 15 to 16 of gestation, and on days 10 to 11 of the cycle, chemerin enhanced the expression of StAR and all steroidogenic enzyme proteins. On days 12 to 13 of pregnancy, chemerin decreased StAR and most of the steroidogenic enzyme proteins' abundance, whereas the P450C17 abundance was increased. On days 27 to 28 of pregnancy, chemerin increased StAR and P450C17 protein contents and decreased 3βHSD protein amounts. It was noted that the adipokine inhibited Erk1/2 and stimulated Akt phosphorylation. The obtained results indicate that chemerin affected P4 and E2 synthesis through the Erk1/2 and Akt signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlena Gudelska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego St. 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (M.G.); (M.K.); (K.K.); (E.R.); (T.K.)
| | - Kamil Dobrzyn
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego St. 5, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Marta Kiezun
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego St. 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (M.G.); (M.K.); (K.K.); (E.R.); (T.K.)
| | - Katarzyna Kisielewska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego St. 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (M.G.); (M.K.); (K.K.); (E.R.); (T.K.)
| | - Edyta Rytelewska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego St. 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (M.G.); (M.K.); (K.K.); (E.R.); (T.K.)
| | - Tadeusz Kaminski
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego St. 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (M.G.); (M.K.); (K.K.); (E.R.); (T.K.)
| | - Nina Smolinska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego St. 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (M.G.); (M.K.); (K.K.); (E.R.); (T.K.)
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20
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Gruijs M, Sewnath CAN, Egmond MV. Therapeutic exploitation of neutrophils to fight cancer. Semin Immunol 2021; 57:101581. [PMID: 34922817 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2021.101581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Antibody-based immunotherapy is a promising strategy in cancer treatment. Antibodies can directly inhibit tumor growth, induce complement-dependent cytotoxicity and induce Fc receptor-mediated elimination of tumor cells by macrophages and natural killer cells. Until now, however, neutrophils have been largely overlooked as potential effector cells, even though they are the most abundant type of immune cells in the circulation. Neutrophils display heterogeneity, especially in the context of cancer. Therefore, their role in cancer is debated. Nevertheless, neutrophils possess natural anti-tumor properties and appropriate stimulation, i.e. specific targeting via antibody therapy, induces potent tumor cell killing, especially via targeting of the immunoglobulin A Fc receptor (FcαRI, CD89). In this review we address the mechanisms of tumor cell killing by neutrophils and the role of neutrophils in induction of anti-tumor immunity. Moreover, possibilities for therapeutic targeting are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy Gruijs
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam - Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Celine A N Sewnath
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam - Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marjolein van Egmond
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam - Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Surgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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21
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Zegar A, Godlewska U, Kozłowska-Chmielewska D, Majewski P, Zabel BA, Cichy J. Chemerin-Derived Peptide Val 66-Pro 85 Is Effective in Limiting Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus Skin Infection. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:742610. [PMID: 34803962 PMCID: PMC8595592 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.742610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemerin-derived peptide Val66-Pro85 (p4) restricts the growth of a variety of skin-associated bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). To better understand the antimicrobial potential of chemerin peptide, we compared p4 activity against MRSA in vitro to cathelicidin LL-37, one of the key endogenous peptides implicated in controlling the growth of S. aureus. The efficacy of p4 was also validated in relevant experimental models of skin pathology, such as topical skin infection with community-acquired MRSA, and in the context of skin inflammatory diseases commonly associated with colonization with S. aureus, such as atopic dermatitis (AD). We showed that p4 collaborates additively with LL-37 in inhibiting the growth of S. aureus, including MRSA, and that p4 was effective in vivo in reducing MRSA burden. p4 was also effective in reducing levels of skin-infiltrating leukocytes in S. aureus-infected AD-like skin. Taken together, our data suggest that p4 is effective in limiting S. aureus and, in particular, MRSA skin infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Zegar
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Urszula Godlewska
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dorota Kozłowska-Chmielewska
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Pawel Majewski
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Brian A Zabel
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Joanna Cichy
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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22
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Onishi S, Matsuura H, Osuka A, Matsumoto H, Ebihara T, Ogura H. Resistin forms a network with inflammatory cytokines and is associated with prognosis in major burns. Burns 2021; 48:1680-1689. [PMID: 34961651 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2021.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In current intensive care treatment, some patients with severe burns cannot be saved due to progressive organ failure. Further investigation of the pathogenesis of severe burns is needed to improve the mortality rate. In burns, inflammatory cytokines form a network that leads to an inflammatory response. Adipocytes secrete physiologically active substances (adipokines). The roles of adipokines have not been completely clarified in burn patients. This study aimed to determine the relation between serial changes of adipokines and clinical course in severely burned patients. METHODS This was a single-center, retrospective, observational study. Patients' blood samples were collected on the day of injury and around 1 week later. Adipokines (adiponectin, angiotensinogen, chemerin, CXCL-12/SDF-1, leptin, resistin, vaspin, visfatin), various inflammatory cytokines, syndecan-1 and C1 esterase inhibitor were measured. RESULTS Thirty-eight patients were included. Resistin levels were significantly higher in the non-survivors versus survivors on Day 1 after burn injury. Hierarchical clustering analysis showed common clusters on Day 1 and at 1 Week after burn injury (resistin, IL-6, IL-8, IL10 and MCP-1). The correlation coefficient of resistin to SOFA score at 1 Week was significant. Logistic regression analysis showed a significant relation of resistin levels on Day 1 with prognosis; the area under the ROC curve for resistin was 0.801. CONCLUSIONS In the acute phase of burns, resistin was associated with other pro-inflammatory cytokines and was related to the severity and prognosis of major burns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Onishi
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-15 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Matsuura
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-15 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akinori Osuka
- Department of Trauma, Critical Care Medicine and Burn Center, Japan Community Health Care Organization Chukyo Hospital, 1-1-10 Sanjo, Minami-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 457-8510, Japan
| | - Hisatake Matsumoto
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-15 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ebihara
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-15 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ogura
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-15 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Al Delbany D, Robert V, Dubois-Vedrenne I, Del Prete A, Vernimmen M, Radi A, Lefort A, Libert F, Wittamer V, Sozzani S, Parmentier M. Expression of CCRL2 Inhibits Tumor Growth by Concentrating Chemerin and Inhibiting Neoangiogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13195000. [PMID: 34638484 PMCID: PMC8508266 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13195000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Chemerin is a multifunctional protein regulating inflammation, immune responses, and metabolism. It was also shown to display anti-tumoral properties in various cancer models. CMKLR1 is the main functional receptor of chemerin. C-C motif chemokine receptor-like 2 (CCRL2) is another receptor binding chemerin with high affinity but failing to signal through any known signaling pathway. CCRL2 is strongly upregulated by inflammatory signals and was shown to regulate inflammatory reactions in diverse pathological conditions. Expression of CCRL2 was described in many types of human tumors such as melanoma, neuroblastoma, prostate, breast, and gastric cancer. However, its functional role in cancer has not been studied much so far. We investigate in this study how CCRL2 expression can influence the distribution of chemerin and thereby its biological activity in different tumoral contexts. Abstract CCRL2 belongs to the G protein-coupled receptor family and is one of the three chemerin receptors. It is considered as a non-signaling receptor, presenting chemerin to cells expressing the functional chemerin receptor ChemR23/CMKLR1 and possibly GPR1. In the present work, we investigate the role played by CCRL2 in mouse cancer models. Loss of function of Ccrl2 accelerated the development of papillomas in a chemical model of skin carcinogenesis (DMBA/TPA), whereas the growth of B16 and LLC tumor cell grafts was delayed. Delayed tumor growth was also observed when B16 and LLC cells overexpress CCRL2, while knockout of Ccrl2 in tumor cells reversed the consequences of Ccrl2 knockout in the host. The phenotypes associated with CCRL2 gain or loss of function were largely abrogated by knocking out the chemerin or Cmklr1 genes. Cells harboring CCRL2 could concentrate bioactive chemerin and promote the activation of CMKLR1-expressing cells. A reduction of neoangiogenesis was observed in tumor grafts expressing CCRL2, mimicking the phenotype of chemerin-expressing tumors. This study demonstrates that CCRL2 shares functional similarities with the family of atypical chemokine receptors (ACKRs). Its expression by tumor cells can significantly tune the effects of the chemerin/CMKLR1 system and act as a negative regulator of tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Al Delbany
- I.R.I.B.H.M and Welbio, Campus Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 808 Route de Lennik, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium; (D.A.D.); (V.R.); (I.D.-V.); (M.V.); (A.R.); (A.L.); (F.L.); (V.W.)
| | - Virginie Robert
- I.R.I.B.H.M and Welbio, Campus Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 808 Route de Lennik, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium; (D.A.D.); (V.R.); (I.D.-V.); (M.V.); (A.R.); (A.L.); (F.L.); (V.W.)
- Evotec SAS, 195 Route d’Espagne, 31036 Toulouse, France
| | - Ingrid Dubois-Vedrenne
- I.R.I.B.H.M and Welbio, Campus Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 808 Route de Lennik, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium; (D.A.D.); (V.R.); (I.D.-V.); (M.V.); (A.R.); (A.L.); (F.L.); (V.W.)
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Rue Adrienne Bolland 8, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Annalisa Del Prete
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy;
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center—IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | - Maxime Vernimmen
- I.R.I.B.H.M and Welbio, Campus Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 808 Route de Lennik, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium; (D.A.D.); (V.R.); (I.D.-V.); (M.V.); (A.R.); (A.L.); (F.L.); (V.W.)
| | - Ayoub Radi
- I.R.I.B.H.M and Welbio, Campus Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 808 Route de Lennik, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium; (D.A.D.); (V.R.); (I.D.-V.); (M.V.); (A.R.); (A.L.); (F.L.); (V.W.)
| | - Anne Lefort
- I.R.I.B.H.M and Welbio, Campus Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 808 Route de Lennik, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium; (D.A.D.); (V.R.); (I.D.-V.); (M.V.); (A.R.); (A.L.); (F.L.); (V.W.)
| | - Frédérick Libert
- I.R.I.B.H.M and Welbio, Campus Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 808 Route de Lennik, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium; (D.A.D.); (V.R.); (I.D.-V.); (M.V.); (A.R.); (A.L.); (F.L.); (V.W.)
| | - Valérie Wittamer
- I.R.I.B.H.M and Welbio, Campus Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 808 Route de Lennik, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium; (D.A.D.); (V.R.); (I.D.-V.); (M.V.); (A.R.); (A.L.); (F.L.); (V.W.)
| | - Silvano Sozzani
- Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
- IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Marc Parmentier
- I.R.I.B.H.M and Welbio, Campus Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 808 Route de Lennik, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium; (D.A.D.); (V.R.); (I.D.-V.); (M.V.); (A.R.); (A.L.); (F.L.); (V.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-2-55541-71
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Sionov RV. Leveling Up the Controversial Role of Neutrophils in Cancer: When the Complexity Becomes Entangled. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092486. [PMID: 34572138 PMCID: PMC8465406 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant immune cell in the circulation of human and act as gatekeepers to discard foreign elements that have entered the body. They are essential in initiating immune responses for eliminating invaders, such as microorganisms and alien particles, as well as to act as immune surveyors of cancer cells, especially during the initial stages of carcinogenesis and for eliminating single metastatic cells in the circulation and in the premetastatic organs. Since neutrophils can secrete a whole range of factors stored in their many granules as well as produce reactive oxygen and nitrogen species upon stimulation, neutrophils may directly or indirectly affect carcinogenesis in both the positive and negative directions. An intricate crosstalk between tumor cells, neutrophils, other immune cells and stromal cells in the microenvironment modulates neutrophil function resulting in both anti- and pro-tumor activities. Both the anti-tumor and pro-tumor activities require chemoattraction towards the tumor cells, neutrophil activation and ROS production. Divergence is seen in other neutrophil properties, including differential secretory repertoire and membrane receptor display. Many of the direct effects of neutrophils on tumor growth and metastases are dependent on tight neutrophil–tumor cell interactions. Among them, the neutrophil Mac-1 interaction with tumor ICAM-1 and the neutrophil L-selectin interaction with tumor-cell sialomucins were found to be involved in the neutrophil-mediated capturing of circulating tumor cells resulting in increased metastatic seeding. On the other hand, the anti-tumor function of neutrophils was found to rely on the interaction between tumor-surface-expressed receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and Cathepsin G expressed on the neutrophil surface. Intriguingly, these two molecules are also involved in the promotion of tumor growth and metastases. RAGE is upregulated during early inflammation-induced carcinogenesis and was found to be important for sustaining tumor growth and homing at metastatic sites. Cathepsin G was found to be essential for neutrophil-supported lung colonization of cancer cells. These data level up the complexity of the dual role of neutrophils in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronit Vogt Sionov
- Hadassah Medical School, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Ein Kerem Campus, P.O.B. 12272, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
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25
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Dubois-Vedrenne I, Al Delbany D, De Henau O, Robert V, Vernimmen M, Langa F, Lefort A, Libert F, Wittamer V, Parmentier M. The antitumoral effects of chemerin are independent from leukocyte recruitment and mediated by inhibition of neoangiogenesis. Oncotarget 2021; 12:1903-1919. [PMID: 34548907 PMCID: PMC8448509 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemerin, a multifunctional protein acting through the receptor ChemR23/CMKLR1, is downregulated in various human tumors and was shown to display antitumoral properties in mouse models of cancer. In the present study, we report that bioactive chemerin expression by tumor cells delays the growth of B16 melanoma and Lewis lung carcinoma in vivo. A similar delay is observed when chemerin is not expressed by tumor cells but by keratinocytes of the host mice. The protective effect of chemerin is mediated by CMKLR1 and appears unrelated to the recruitment of leukocyte populations. Rather, tumors grown in the presence of chemerin display a much smaller number of blood vessels, hypoxic regions early in their development, and larger necrotic areas. These observations likely explain the slower growth of the tumors. The anti-angiogenic effects of chemerin were confirmed in a bead sprouting assay using human umbilical vein endothelial cells. These results suggest that CMKLR1 agonists might constitute therapeutic molecules inhibiting the neoangiogenesis process in solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Dubois-Vedrenne
- I.R.I.B.H.M and Welbio, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus Erasme, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium.,Present address: Institute for Medical Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Diana Al Delbany
- I.R.I.B.H.M and Welbio, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus Erasme, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olivier De Henau
- I.R.I.B.H.M and Welbio, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus Erasme, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium.,Present address: iTeos Therapeutics, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Virginie Robert
- I.R.I.B.H.M and Welbio, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus Erasme, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium.,Present address: Ambiotis SAS, Canal Biotech 2, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Maxime Vernimmen
- I.R.I.B.H.M and Welbio, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus Erasme, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Francina Langa
- Centre d'Ingénierie Génétique Murine, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Anne Lefort
- I.R.I.B.H.M and Welbio, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus Erasme, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Frédérick Libert
- I.R.I.B.H.M and Welbio, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus Erasme, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Valérie Wittamer
- I.R.I.B.H.M and Welbio, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus Erasme, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marc Parmentier
- I.R.I.B.H.M and Welbio, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus Erasme, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium
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26
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Wang D, Wang H, Li M, Zhao R. Chemerin levels and its genetic variants are associated with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: a hospital-based study in a Chinese cohort. Gene 2021; 807:145888. [PMID: 34371096 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a glucose intolerance condition encounters for the first time in a fraction of pregnant women. The role of different host inflammatory molecules in GDM etiology has been deciphered. Chemerin is a chemoattractant protein primarily associated with the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. However, the association of chemerin and its genetic variants with the predisposition of GDM is not clear, and our present study is aimed to address the issue. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 703 Chinese women comprising of GDM (n=303), glucose tolerant pregnant women (n=211), and non-pregnant glucose tolerant controls (n=189) were recruited in the present investigation. GDM was diagnosed according to the World Health Organization recommendation for diagnosis of gestational diabetes during pregnancy. Plasma levels of chemerin were quantified by an Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Common variants in the chemerin gene (rs4721, rs17173617, rs7806429, and rs17173608) were genotyped by using TaqMan assay. RESULTS Plasma chemerin level was found higher in subjects with GDM as compared to glucose tolerant pregnant and non-pregnant women. Further, a positive correlation between plasma chemerin and HOMA-IR index suggesting an essential role of chemerin in mediating insulin resistance. Variants of rs4721 and rs17173608 polymorphisms were associated with lower levels of plasma chemerin and low HOMA-IR index. Furthermore, mutants of rs4721 and rs17173608 polymorphisms were associated with protection against the development of GDM in the Chinese cohort. CONCLUSIONS Plasma chemerin is elevated in GDM patients. Genetic variation in chemerin gene associated with lower plasma levels of chemerin, HOMA-IR index and protects against the development of GDM in Chinese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Wang
- The department of obstetrics, The Third Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250132, China.
| | - Haiyong Wang
- The department of obstetrics, The Third Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250132, China
| | - Mei Li
- The department of obstetrics, The Third Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250132, China
| | - Ruiyan Zhao
- The department of obstetrics, The Third Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250132, China
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27
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Demir CF, Ataş İN, Balgetir F, Artaş H, Gönen M, Aydin S. Increased serum chemerin levels associated with carotid intima-media thickness. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2021; 79:189-194. [PMID: 33886791 DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x-anp-2020-0195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated levels of chemerin can predict future ischemic cerebrovascular disease. Although chemerin is thought to play a role in atherosclerotic inflammation, whether circulating chemerin levels are associated with the severity of atherosclerosis remains to be determined. OBJECTIVES Through the use of carotid Doppler ultrasonography, our aim in this study was to investigate the relationships of serum chemerin levels with carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) as an indicator of generalized atherosclerosis. METHODS This study compared 40 patients with ischemic stroke and 40 healthy subjects. Measurements were made at end-diastole using color Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS) after a 5-min rest interval in a quiet and dark room. CIMT was defined as the distance between the innermost edge of the luminal echo to the innermost edge of the media/adventitia echo. CIMT was measured in the posterior wall of both common carotid arteries within 1 cm proximally to the bulbus. Three measurements were made on both sides and the average measurement was taken as the CIMT. Serum chemerin levels were determined in all patients and healthy subjects. RESULTS Serum chemerin levels were significantly higher in the patient group than in the control group (p=0.004). Serum chemerin levels were positively correlated with CIMT (p<0.05). There was a significant difference between the groups with regard to CIMT (p<0.001). CONCLUSION Elevated serum chemerin levels appear to be associated with CIMT, thus suggesting that a link exists between chemerin and atherosclerotic ischemic cerebrovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caner Feyzi Demir
- Firat University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Elazig, Turkey
| | - İklimya Nimet Ataş
- Health Sciences University, Elazig Fethi Sekin City Hospital, Department of Neurology, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Ferhat Balgetir
- Firat University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Hakan Artaş
- Firat University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Murat Gönen
- Firat University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Süleyman Aydin
- Firat University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Elazig, Turkey
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McKelvey MC, Brown R, Ryan S, Mall MA, Weldon S, Taggart CC. Proteases, Mucus, and Mucosal Immunity in Chronic Lung Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5018. [PMID: 34065111 PMCID: PMC8125985 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22095018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated protease activity has long been implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic lung diseases and especially in conditions that display mucus obstruction, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, and non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. However, our appreciation of the roles of proteases in various aspects of such diseases continues to grow. Patients with muco-obstructive lung disease experience progressive spirals of inflammation, mucostasis, airway infection and lung function decline. Some therapies exist for the treatment of these symptoms, but they are unable to halt disease progression and patients may benefit from novel adjunct therapies. In this review, we highlight how proteases act as multifunctional enzymes that are vital for normal airway homeostasis but, when their activity becomes immoderate, also directly contribute to airway dysfunction, and impair the processes that could resolve disease. We focus on how proteases regulate the state of mucus at the airway surface, impair mucociliary clearance and ultimately, promote mucostasis. We discuss how, in parallel, proteases are able to promote an inflammatory environment in the airways by mediating proinflammatory signalling, compromising host defence mechanisms and perpetuating their own proteolytic activity causing structural lung damage. Finally, we discuss some possible reasons for the clinical inefficacy of protease inhibitors to date and propose that, especially in a combination therapy approach, proteases represent attractive therapeutic targets for muco-obstructive lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C. McKelvey
- Airway Innate Immunity Research (AiiR) Group, Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; (M.C.M.); (R.B.); (S.R.); (S.W.)
| | - Ryan Brown
- Airway Innate Immunity Research (AiiR) Group, Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; (M.C.M.); (R.B.); (S.R.); (S.W.)
| | - Sinéad Ryan
- Airway Innate Immunity Research (AiiR) Group, Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; (M.C.M.); (R.B.); (S.R.); (S.W.)
| | - Marcus A. Mall
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany;
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), 10178 Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Sinéad Weldon
- Airway Innate Immunity Research (AiiR) Group, Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; (M.C.M.); (R.B.); (S.R.); (S.W.)
| | - Clifford C. Taggart
- Airway Innate Immunity Research (AiiR) Group, Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; (M.C.M.); (R.B.); (S.R.); (S.W.)
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Hsu LA, Chou HH, Teng MS, Wu S, Ko YL. Circulating chemerin levels are determined through circulating platelet counts in nondiabetic Taiwanese people: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Atherosclerosis 2021; 320:61-69. [PMID: 33545615 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Platelet count (PLT) is a predictor of metabolic and inflammation-related disorders. Platelets can release prochemerin, which acts as a link between coagulation and inflammation and between innate and adaptive immunity. The causal effect between PLT and circulating chemerin level has not been elucidated. METHODS Nondiabetic participants with samples in the Taiwan Biobank were recruited for a genome-wide association study (GWAS) based on PLT (17,037 participants) and chemerin levels (3887 participants). A bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted to determine the association between circulating PLT and chemerin levels. RESULTS For a GWAS of PLT, 11 gene loci were found to have genome-wide significance. For a GWAS of chemerin levels, two gene loci, RARRES2 and HLADQA2-HLADQB1, were found to have genome-wide significance. Age, sex, body mass index, leukocyte count, hemoglobin, mean blood pressure, hemoglobin A1C, serum total bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, triglyceride, and low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol levels, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and circulating chemerin level were found to be independently associated with PLT through a stepwise regression analysis. A bidirectional MR study revealed weighted genetic risk scores (WGRSs) for PLT were significantly associated with chemerin levels by using a two-stage least-square method in a multivariate analysis (p = 0.0031), and no significant association between chemerin level WGRSs and PLT was noted. Sensitivity analysis further revealed no violation of the exclusion-restriction assumption with PLT-determining genotypes on chemerin levels. CONCLUSIONS Through a bidirectional MR analysis, our data revealed that chemerin levels were determined based on circulating PLT. Circulating chemerin levels can be intermediates between PLT and future metabolic and inflammation-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lung-An Hsu
- The First Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hua Chou
- Cardiovascular Center and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Sheng Teng
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taiwan
| | - Semon Wu
- Department of Life Science, Chinese Culture University, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lin Ko
- Cardiovascular Center and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Taiwan; Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taiwan.
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Ahn HS, Yeom J, Yu J, Kwon YI, Kim JH, Kim K. Convergence of Plasma Metabolomics and Proteomics Analysis to Discover Signatures of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113447. [PMID: 33228226 PMCID: PMC7709037 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In-time diagnosing ovarian cancer, intractable cancer that has no symptoms can increase the survival of women. The aim of this study was to discover biomarkers from liquid biopsy samples using multi-omics approach, metabolomics and proteomics for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer. To verify our biomarker candidates, we conducted comparative analysis with other previous published studies. Despite the limitations of non-invasive samples, our findings are able to discover emerging properties through the interplay between metabolites and proteins and mechanism-based biomarkers through integrated protein and metabolite analysis. Abstract The 5-year survival rate in the early and late stages of ovarian cancer differs by 63%. In addition, a liquid biopsy is necessary because there are no symptoms in the early stage and tissue collection is difficult without using invasive methods. Therefore, there is a need for biomarkers to achieve this goal. In this study, we found blood-based metabolite or protein biomarker candidates for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer in the 20 clinical samples (10 ovarian cancer patients and 10 healthy control subjects). Plasma metabolites and proteins were measured and quantified using mass spectrometry in ovarian cancer patients and control groups. We identified the differential abundant biomolecules (34 metabolites and 197 proteins) and statistically integrated molecules of different dimensions to better understand ovarian cancer signal transduction and to identify novel biological mechanisms. In addition, the biomarker reliability was verified through comparison with existing research results. Integrated analysis of metabolome and proteome identified emerging properties difficult to grasp with the single omics approach, more reliably interpreted the cancer signaling pathway, and explored new drug targets. Especially, through this analysis, proteins (PPCS, PMP2, and TUBB) and metabolites (L-carnitine and PC-O (30:0)) related to the carnitine system involved in cancer plasticity were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Sung Ahn
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea; (H.-S.A.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jeonghun Yeom
- Convergence Medicine Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea;
| | - Jiyoung Yu
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea; (H.-S.A.); (J.Y.)
| | | | - Jae-Hoon Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06237, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-H.K.); (K.K.); Tel.: +82-2-2019-3436 (J.-H.K.); +82-2-1688-7575 (K.K.)
| | - Kyunggon Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea; (H.-S.A.); (J.Y.)
- Convergence Medicine Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
- Clinical Proteomics Core Laboratory, Convergence Medicine Research Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea
- Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-H.K.); (K.K.); Tel.: +82-2-2019-3436 (J.-H.K.); +82-2-1688-7575 (K.K.)
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Ferland DJ, Mullick AE, Watts SW. Chemerin as a Driver of Hypertension: A Consideration. Am J Hypertens 2020; 33:975-986. [PMID: 32453820 PMCID: PMC7759724 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpaa084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The protein chemerin (tazarotene-induced gene, TIG2; RARRES2) is a relatively new adipokine. Many studies support that circulating chemerin levels associate strongly and positively with body mass index, visceral fat, and blood pressure. Here, we focus on the specific relationship of chemerin and blood pressure with the goal of understanding whether and how chemerin drives (pathological) changes in blood pressure such that it could be interfered with therapeutically. We dissect the biosynthesis of chemerin and how current antihypertensive medications change chemerin metabolism. This is followed with a review of what is known about where chemerin is synthesized in the body and what chemerin and its receptors can do to the physiological function of organs important to blood pressure determination (e.g., brain, heart, kidneys, blood vessels, adrenal, and sympathetic nervous system). We synthesize from the literature our best understanding of the mechanisms by which chemerin modifies blood pressure, with knowledge that plasma/serum levels of chemerin may be limited in their pathological relevance. This review reveals several gaps in our knowledge of chemerin biology that could be filled by the collective work of protein chemists, biologists, pharmacologists, and clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Ferland
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Adam E Mullick
- Cardiovascular Antisense Drug Discovery, Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Carlsbad, California, USA
| | - Stephanie W Watts
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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32
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The role of neutrophils in innate immunity-driven nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: lessons learned and future promise. Hepatol Int 2020; 14:652-666. [PMID: 32880077 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-020-10081-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The enrichment of innate immune cells and the enhanced inflammation represent the hallmark of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), the advanced subtype with a significantly increased risk of progression to end-stage liver diseases within the spectrum of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Neutrophils are traditionally recognized as key components in the innate immune system to defend against pathogens. Recently, a growing body of evidence supports neutrophils as emerging key player in mediating the transition from steatosis to NASH, which is largely inspired by the histological findings in human liver biopsy indicating the enhanced infiltration of neutrophils as one of the key histological features of NASH. In this review, we discuss data regarding histological perspectives of hepatic infiltration of neutrophils in NASH. We also highlight the pathophysiological role of neutrophils in promoting metabolic inflammation in the liver through the release of a vast array of granule proteins, the interaction with other pro-inflammatory immune cells, and the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps. Neutrophil granule proteins possess pleiotropic effects on regulating neutrophil biology and functions. A variety of granule proteins (including lipocalin-2, myeloperoxidase, proteinase 3, neutrophil elastase, etc.) produced by neutrophils enhance liver metabolic inflammation, thereby promoting NASH progression by mediating neutrophil-macrophage interaction. Therapeutically, pharmacological inhibitors targeting neutrophil granule proteins hold promise to combat NASH. In addition, this article also summarizes potentials of neutrophils and its derived various granule proteins for the accurate, even non-invasive diagnosis of NASH.
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Kwiecien K, Brzoza P, Bak M, Majewski P, Skulimowska I, Bednarczyk K, Cichy J, Kwitniewski M. The methylation status of the chemerin promoter region located from - 252 to + 258 bp regulates constitutive but not acute-phase cytokine-inducible chemerin expression levels. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13702. [PMID: 32792625 PMCID: PMC7426834 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70625-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemerin is a chemoattractant protein with adipokine properties encoded by the retinoic acid receptor responder 2 (RARRES2) gene. It has gained more attention in the past few years due to its multilevel impact on metabolism and immune responses. However, mechanisms controlling the constitutive and regulated expression of RARRES2 in a variety of cell types remain obscure. To our knowledge, this report is the first to show that DNA methylation plays an important role in the cell-specific expression of RARRES2 in adipocytes, hepatocytes, and B lymphocytes. Using luciferase reporter assays, we determined the proximal fragment of the RARRES2 gene promoter, located from - 252 to + 258 bp, to be a key regulator of transcription. Moreover, we showed that chemerin expression is regulated in murine adipocytes by acute-phase cytokines, interleukin 1β and oncostatin M. In contrast with adipocytes, these cytokines exerted a weak, if any, response in mouse hepatocytes, suggesting that the effects of IL-1β and OSM on chemerin expression is specific to fat tissue. Together, our findings highlight previously uncharacterized mediators and mechanisms that control chemerin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Kwiecien
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Piotr Brzoza
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Maciej Bak
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Biozentrum, University of Basel, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pawel Majewski
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Izabella Skulimowska
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kamil Bednarczyk
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Cichy
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Mateusz Kwitniewski
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387, Krakow, Poland.
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Godlewska U, Bilska B, Majewski P, Pyza E, Zabel BA, Cichy J. Bacteria Modify Their Sensitivity to Chemerin-Derived Peptides by Hindering Peptide Association With the Cell Surface and Peptide Oxidation. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1819. [PMID: 32849424 PMCID: PMC7431654 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory skin diseases like psoriasis alter the local skin microbiome and lead to complications such as persistent infection with opportunistic/pathogenic bacteria. Disease-associated changes in microbiota may be due to downregulation of epidermal antimicrobial proteins/peptides, such as antimicrobial protein chemerin. Here, we show that chemerin and its bioactive derivatives have differential effects on the viability of different genera of cutaneous bacteria. The lethal effects of chemerin are enhanced by bacterial-derived ROS-induced chemerin peptide oxidation and suppressed by stationary phase sigma factor RpoS. Insight into the mechanisms underlying changes in the composition of cutaneous bacteria during autoreactive skin disease may provide novel ways to mobilize chemerin and its peptide derivatives for maximum antimicrobial efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Godlewska
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Bernadetta Bilska
- Department of Cell Biology and Imaging, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Majewski
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Elzbieta Pyza
- Department of Cell Biology and Imaging, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Brian A Zabel
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Joanna Cichy
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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Chemerin: A Potential Regulator of Inflammation and Metabolism for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Pulmonary Rehabilitation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:4574509. [PMID: 32337250 PMCID: PMC7166297 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4574509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) features chronic inflammatory reactions of both intra- and extrapulmonary nature. Moreover, COPD is associated with abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism in patients, which influences the prognosis and chronicity of this disease. Abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism are also closely related to inflammation processes. Further insights into the interactions of inflammation and glucose and lipid metabolism might therefore inspire novel therapeutic interventions to promote lung rehabilitation. Chemerin, as a recently discovered adipokine, has been shown to play a role in inflammatory response and glucose and lipid metabolism in many diseases (including COPD). Chemerin recruits inflammatory cells to sites of inflammation during the early stages of COPD, leading to endothelial barrier dysfunction, early vascular remodeling, and angiogenesis. Moreover, it supports the recruitment of antigen-presenting cells that guide immune cells as part of the body's inflammatory responses. Chemerin also regulates metabolism via activation of its cognate receptors. Glucose homeostasis is affected via effects on insulin secretion and sensitivity, and lipid metabolism is changed by increased transformation of preadipocytes to mature adipocytes through chemerin-binding receptors. Controlling chemerin signaling may be a promising approach to improve various aspects of COPD-related dysfunction. Importantly, several studies indicate that chemerin expression in vivo is influenced by exercise. Although available evidence is still limited, therapeutic alterations of chemerin activity may be a promising target of therapeutic approaches aimed at the rehabilitation of COPD patients based on exercises. In conclusion, chemerin plays an essential role in COPD, especially in the inflammatory responses and metabolism, and has a potential to become a target for, and a biomarker of, curative mechanisms underlying exercise-mediated lung rehabilitation.
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Dubois-Vedrenne I, De Henau O, Robert V, Langa F, Javary J, Al Delbany D, Vosters O, Angelats-Canals E, Vernimmen M, Luangsay S, Wittamer V, Parmentier M. Expression of Bioactive Chemerin by Keratinocytes Inhibits Late Stages of Tumor Development in a Chemical Model of Skin Carcinogenesis. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1253. [PMID: 31803622 PMCID: PMC6873210 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemerin is a multifunctional protein acting mainly through the G protein-coupled receptor ChemR23/CMKLR1/Chemerin1. Its expression is frequently downregulated in human tumors, including in melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin and anti-tumoral properties of chemerin were reported in mouse tumor graft models. In the present study, we report the development of spontaneous skin tumors in aged ChemR23-deficient mice. In order to test the potential therapeutic benefit of chemerin analogs, a transgenic model in which bioactive chemerin is over-expressed by basal keratinocytes was generated. These animals are characterized by increased levels of chemerin immunoreactivity and bioactivity in the skin and the circulation. In a chemical carcinogenesis model, papillomas developed later, were less numerous, and their progression to carcinomas was delayed. Temporal control of chemerin expression by doxycycline allowed to attribute its effects to late stages of carcinogenesis. The protective effects of chemerin were partly abrogated by ChemR23 invalidation. These results demonstrate that chemerin is able to delay very significantly tumor progression in a model that recapitulates closely the evolution of solid cancer types in human and suggest that the chemerin-ChemR23 system might constitute an interesting target for therapeutic intervention in the cancer field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olivier De Henau
- IRIBHM and Welbio, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Virginie Robert
- IRIBHM and Welbio, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Francina Langa
- Centre d'Ingénierie Génétique Murine (CIGM), Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Joaquim Javary
- IRIBHM and Welbio, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Diana Al Delbany
- IRIBHM and Welbio, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olivier Vosters
- IRIBHM and Welbio, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Maxime Vernimmen
- IRIBHM and Welbio, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Souphalone Luangsay
- IRIBHM and Welbio, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Ogeda S.A., Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Valérie Wittamer
- IRIBHM and Welbio, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marc Parmentier
- IRIBHM and Welbio, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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More Than an Adipokine: The Complex Roles of Chemerin Signaling in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194778. [PMID: 31561459 PMCID: PMC6801800 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemerin is widely recognized as an adipokine, with diverse biological roles in cellular differentiation and metabolism, as well as a leukocyte chemoattractant. Research investigating the role of chemerin in the obesity-cancer relationship has provided evidence both for pro- and anti-cancer effects. The tumor-promoting effects of chemerin primarily involve direct effects on migration, invasion, and metastasis as well as growth and proliferation of cancer cells. Chemerin can also promote tumor growth via the recruitment of tumor-supporting mesenchymal stromal cells and stimulation of angiogenesis pathways in endothelial cells. In contrast, the majority of evidence supports that the tumor-suppressing effects of chemerin are immune-mediated and result in a shift from immunosuppressive to immunogenic cell populations within the tumor microenvironment. Systemic chemerin and chemerin produced within the tumor microenvironment may contribute to these effects via signaling through CMKLR1 (chemerin1), GPR1 (chemerin2), and CCLR2 on target cells. As such, inhibition or activation of chemerin signaling could be beneficial as a therapeutic approach depending on the type of cancer. Additional studies are required to determine if obesity influences cancer initiation or progression through increased adipose tissue production of chemerin and/or altered chemerin processing that leads to changes in chemerin signaling in the tumor microenvironment.
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The Role of Adipose Tissue in the Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Outcomes of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Cells 2019; 8:cells8060628. [PMID: 31234447 PMCID: PMC6627060 DOI: 10.3390/cells8060628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Though historically regarded as an inert energy store, adipose tissue is a complex endocrine organ, which is increasingly implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Accumulating evidence points to visceral adipose tissue and specifically to its mesenteric component, or “creeping fat” as impacting on the disease course through its immunomodulatory properties. On the one hand, mesenteric fat acts as a physical barrier to inflammation and is involved in controlling host immune response to translocation of gut bacteria. On the other hand, however, there exists a strong link between visceral fat and complicated course of the disease with unfavorable therapeutic outcomes. Furthermore, “creeping fat” appears to play different roles in different IBD phenotypes, with the greatest pathogenetic contribution probably to an ileal form of Crohn’s disease. In this review, we summarize and discuss the existing literature on the subject and identify high-priority areas for future research. It may be that a better understanding of the role of mesenteric fat in IBD will determine new therapeutic targets and translate into improved clinical outcomes.
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van der Vorst EPC, Peters LJF, Müller M, Gencer S, Yan Y, Weber C, Döring Y. G-Protein Coupled Receptor Targeting on Myeloid Cells in Atherosclerosis. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:531. [PMID: 31191301 PMCID: PMC6540917 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, the underlying cause of the majority of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), is a lipid-driven, inflammatory disease of the large arteries. Gold standard therapy with statins and the more recently developed proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors have improved health conditions among CVD patients by lowering low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. Nevertheless, a substantial part of these patients is still suffering and it seems that 'just' lipid lowering is insufficient. The results of the Canakinumab Anti-inflammatory Thrombosis Outcome Study (CANTOS) have now proven that inflammation is a key driver of atherosclerosis and that targeting inflammation improves CVD outcomes. Therefore, the identification of novel drug targets and development of novel therapeutics that block atherosclerosis-specific inflammatory pathways have to be promoted. The inflammatory processes in atherosclerosis are facilitated by a network of immune cells and their subsequent responses. Cell networking is orchestrated by various (inflammatory) mediators which interact, bind and induce signaling. Over the last years, G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) emerged as important players in recognizing these mediators, because of their diverse functions in steady state but also and specifically during chronic inflammatory processes - such as atherosclerosis. In this review, we will therefore highlight a selection of these receptors or receptor sub-families mainly expressed on myeloid cells and their role in atherosclerosis. More specifically, we will focus on chemokine receptors, both classical and atypical, formyl-peptide receptors, the chemerin receptor 23 and the calcium-sensing receptor. When information is available, we will also describe the consequences of their targeting which may hold promising options for future treatment of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiel P. C. van der Vorst
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research/Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Munich Heart Alliance, German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Linsey J. F. Peters
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Madeleine Müller
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Selin Gencer
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Yi Yan
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Heart Alliance, German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Munich, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Yvonne Döring
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Heart Alliance, German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Munich, Germany
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Orchestration of Adaptive T Cell Responses by Neutrophil Granule Contents. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:8968943. [PMID: 30983883 PMCID: PMC6431490 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8968943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant leukocytes in peripheral blood and respond rapidly to danger, infiltrating tissues within minutes of infectious or sterile injury. Neutrophils were long thought of as simple killers, but now we recognise them as responsive cells able to adapt to inflammation and orchestrate subsequent events with some sophistication. Here, we discuss how these rapid responders release mediators which influence later adaptive T cell immunity through influences on DC priming and directly on the T cells themselves. We consider how the release of granule contents by neutrophils—through NETosis or degranulation—is one way in which the innate immune system directs the phenotype of the adaptive immune response.
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Im S, Lee J, Park D, Park A, Kim YM, Kim WJ. Hypoxia-Triggered Transforming Immunomodulator for Cancer Immunotherapy via Photodynamically Enhanced Antigen Presentation of Dendritic Cell. ACS NANO 2019; 13:476-488. [PMID: 30563320 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b07045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A key factor for successful cancer immunotherapy (CIT) is the extent of antigen presentation by dendritic cells (DCs) that phagocytize tumor-associated antigens (TAA) in the tumor site and migrate to tumor draining lymph nodes (TDLN) for the activation of T cells. Although various types of adjuvant delivery have been studied to enhance the activity of the DCs, poor delivery efficiency and depleted population of tumor infiltrating DCs have limited the efficacy of CIT. Herein, we report a hypoxia-responsive mesoporous silica nanocarrier (denoted as CAGE) for an enhanced CIT assisted by photodynamic therapy (PDT). In this study, CAGE was designed as a hypoxia-responsive transforming carrier to improve the intracellular uptake of nanocarriers and the delivery of adjuvants to DCs. Furthermore, PDT was exploited for the generation of immunogenic debris and recruitment of DCs in a tumor site, followed by enhanced antigen presentation. Finally, a significant inhibition of tumor growth was observed in vivo, signifying that the PDT would be a promising solution for DC-based immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sooseok Im
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering , Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , Jigok-ro 64 , Nam-gu, Pohang 37666 , Republic of Korea
| | - Junseok Lee
- Department of Chemistry , Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , Cheongam-ro 77 , Nam-gu, Pohang 37673 , Republic of Korea
| | - Dongsik Park
- Department of Chemistry , Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , Cheongam-ro 77 , Nam-gu, Pohang 37673 , Republic of Korea
| | - Areum Park
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology , Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , Jigok-ro 64 , Nam-gu, Pohang 37666 , Republic of Korea
| | - You-Me Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , 291 Daehak-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea
| | - Won Jong Kim
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering , Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , Jigok-ro 64 , Nam-gu, Pohang 37666 , Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry , Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , Cheongam-ro 77 , Nam-gu, Pohang 37673 , Republic of Korea
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El-Sagheer G, Gayyed M, Ahmad A, Abd El-Fattah A, Mohamed M. Expression of chemerin correlates with a poor prognosis in female breast cancer patients. BREAST CANCER-TARGETS AND THERAPY 2018; 10:169-176. [PMID: 30498371 PMCID: PMC6207381 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s178181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective Chemerin was reported to regulate adipogenesis, metabolism, and immunity. But, its relation to cancer remains controversial. In breast cancer, chemerin expression has only been studied in serum, however, its expression in tissue, to our knowledge, has not been studied. The aim of this study was to investigate chemerin expression in breast cancer tissue in comparison to the adjacent normal tissue, and to assess its relationship to disease prognosis. Methods We examined chemerin expression in tissue with immunohistochemistry and analyzed the association of chemerin expression with the patients’ clinical and pathological characteristics to determine its role as a predictor of the disease and its relation to disease prognosis. Results We detected a significantly higher expression of chemerin in the malignant vs the non-cancerous tissue specimens in 30/53, (56%) patients, (P=0.001). Moreover, its expression was significantly higher in the metastatic lymph nodes in comparison to the tumor tissues, (P=0.01). Chemerin expression was significantly correlated with weight (r=0.256, P=0.04), body mass index (r=0.233, P=0.03), tumor size (r=0.235, P=0.03), lymph node metastasis (r=0.265, P=0.045), distant metastasis (r=0.267, P=0.02), and tumor grading, (r=0.421, P=0.004), while it was inversely significantly correlated with estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor expression in malignant breast tissues (P=0.038, r=−0.437, and P=0.047, r=–0.316), respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for chemerin as a predictor of breast cancer was 0.82, (P<0.001, sensitivity 89%, and specificity 69%). The Kaplan–Meier survival curves revealed that patients with higher chemerin expression had worse overall survival in comparison to those with a lower chemerin expression, (P=0.001). Conclusion Our results revealed higher chemerin expression in malignant vs adjacent normal breast tissue and lend support to a presumable role of chemerin tissue expression as an independent predictor of poor prognosis in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada El-Sagheer
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Minia Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt,
| | - Mariana Gayyed
- Department of Pathology, Minia Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Ahmad
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Minia Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt,
| | - Aliaa Abd El-Fattah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Minia Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Manar Mohamed
- Department of Internal Medicine, Deraya University, Minia, Egypt
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Snelgrove RJ, Patel DF, Patel T, Lloyd CM. The enigmatic role of the neutrophil in asthma: Friend, foe or indifferent? Clin Exp Allergy 2018; 48:1275-1285. [PMID: 29900603 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Whilst severe asthma has classically been categorized as a predominantly Th2-driven pathology, there has in recent years been a paradigm shift with the realization that it is a heterogeneous disease that may manifest with quite disparate underlying inflammatory and remodelling profiles. A subset of asthmatics, particularly those with a severe, corticosteroid refractory disease, present with a prominent neutrophilic component. Given the potential of neutrophils to impart extensive tissue damage and promote inflammation, it has been anticipated that these cells are closely implicated in the underlying pathophysiology of severe asthma. However, uncertainty persists as to why the neutrophil is present in the asthmatic lung and what precisely it is doing there, with evidence supporting its role as a protagonist of pathology being primarily circumstantial. Furthermore, our view of the neutrophil as a primitive, indiscriminate killer has evolved with the realization that neutrophils can exhibit a marked anti-inflammatory, pro-resolving and wound healing capacity. We suggest that the neutrophil likely exhibits pleiotropic and potentially conflicting roles in defining asthma pathophysiology-some almost certainly detrimental and some potentially beneficial-with context, timing and location all critical confounders. Accordingly, indiscriminate blockade of neutrophils with a broad sword approach is unlikely to be the answer, but rather we should first seek to understand their complex and multifaceted roles in the disease state and then target them with the same subtleties and specificity that they themselves exhibit.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Snelgrove
- Inflammation Repair and Development Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - D F Patel
- Inflammation Repair and Development Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - T Patel
- Inflammation Repair and Development Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - C M Lloyd
- Inflammation Repair and Development Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Supriya R, Tam BT, Yu AP, Lee PH, Lai CW, Cheng KK, Yau SY, Chan LW, Yung BY, Sheridan S, Siu PM. Adipokines demonstrate the interacting influence of central obesity with other cardiometabolic risk factors of metabolic syndrome in Hong Kong Chinese adults. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201585. [PMID: 30114249 PMCID: PMC6095502 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Metabolic syndrome (MetS) or prediabetes is a complex disorder that is defined by a clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors, including obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, hypertension, and insulin resistance. Among cardiometabolic risk factors, central obesity plays a key role in the development of MetS through alterations in the secretion of adipokines and interacts with other MetS risk factors to unfavorably influence overall cardiometabolic risk. Obesity has grasped epidemic proportions in Asia, which has the highest number of people with diabetes in the world. But, the importance of central obesity in the clustering of all four MetS risk factors or vice versa in predicting severity of MetS has not yet been investigated in Asian population. Therefore, the present study examined the influence of central obesity on circulating levels of adipokines through its interaction with the clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors of MetS including hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, dyslipidemia and hypertension in Hong Kong Chinese adults. SUBJECTS Blood samples from 83 Hong Kong Chinese adults, who were previously screened for MetS according to the guideline of the United States National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel Adult Treatment Panel III criteria were selected. Insulin and adipokines, including visfatin, chemerin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), resistin, C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), leptin and adiponectin were assessed. RESULTS The interacting effect of central obesity with all of the other four MetS risk factors increased the proinflammatory status of adipokines (TNF-α, leptin) and decreased the anti-inflammatory status of adipokine (adiponectin). CONCLUSION Our results indicate that the inflammatory status of MetS may be more severe in the presence of central obesity. Adipokines, as biomarkers for pathophysiological changes, may help to improve early patient identification and to predict MetS-associated morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Supriya
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Bjorn T. Tam
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Angus P. Yu
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Paul H. Lee
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Christopher W. Lai
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Kenneth K. Cheng
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Sonata Y. Yau
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Lawrence W. Chan
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Benjamin Y. Yung
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Sinead Sheridan
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Parco M. Siu
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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Helfer G, Wu QF. Chemerin: a multifaceted adipokine involved in metabolic disorders. J Endocrinol 2018; 238:R79-R94. [PMID: 29848608 PMCID: PMC6026924 DOI: 10.1530/joe-18-0174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is a global public health problem and predisposes individuals to obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Although the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated, accumulating evidence has uncovered a critical role of adipokines. Chemerin, encoded by the gene Rarres2, is a newly discovered adipokine involved in inflammation, adipogenesis, angiogenesis and energy metabolism. In humans, local and circulating levels of chemerin are positively correlated with BMI and obesity-related biomarkers. In this review, we discuss both peripheral and central roles of chemerin in regulating body metabolism. In general, chemerin is upregulated in obese and diabetic animals. Previous studies by gain or loss of function show an association of chemerin with adipogenesis, glucose homeostasis, food intake and body weight. In the brain, the hypothalamus integrates peripheral afferent signals including adipokines to regulate appetite and energy homeostasis. Chemerin increases food intake in seasonal animals by acting on hypothalamic stem cells, the tanycytes. In peripheral tissues, chemerin increases cell expansion, inflammation and angiogenesis in adipose tissue, collectively resulting in adiposity. While chemerin signalling enhances insulin secretion from pancreatic islets, contradictory results have been reported on how chemerin links to obesity and insulin resistance. Given the association of chemerin with obesity comorbidities in humans, advances in translational research targeting chemerin are expected to mitigate metabolic disorders. Together, the exciting findings gathered in the last decade clearly indicate a crucial multifaceted role for chemerin in the regulation of energy balance, making it a promising candidate for urgently needed pharmacological treatment strategies for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisela Helfer
- School of Chemistry and BiosciencesUniversity of Bradford, Bradford, UK
| | - Qing-Feng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Development BiologyInstitute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Correspondence should be addressed to Q-F Wu:
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Plasma Chemerin Levels Are Increased in ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients with High Thrombus Burden. Cardiol Res Pract 2018; 2018:5812704. [PMID: 29780640 PMCID: PMC5892252 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5812704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate plasma chemerin levels in ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients and find out possible relationships between plasma chemerin levels and angiographic characteristics. Patients and Methods Ninety-seven consecutive patients who presented with STEMI and underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with coronary stents were enrolled, and 30 age- and sex-matched patients with stable angina pectoris who underwent coronary angiography formed the control group. Angiographic characteristics of the patients including thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) thrombus and Gensini scores were noted. Blood samples were taken to detect several biochemical markers including plasma chemerin levels at the admission to hospital. Results Serum chemerin and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were significantly increased in patients with STEMI. Among STEMI patients, serum chemerin levels were significantly higher in patients with high thrombus burden (581.5 ± 173.7 versus 451.3 ± 101.2 mg/dL, p < 0.001). CRP levels and peak creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) levels were higher, and left ventricular ejection fraction and post-PCI TIMI flow were lower in patients with high thrombus burden. After multivariate analysis, serum chemerin levels were also higher in patients with high thrombus grade (odds ratio: 1.009 (1.005–1.014), p < 0.001). Besides, serum chemerin levels were also found to be significantly correlated with CRP (r=0.47, p < 0.001) and peak CK-MB (r=0.376, p < 0.001) levels. Conclusions Results from our study have demonstrated for the first time that chemerin levels were higher in STEMI patients with greater thrombus burden and higher level of inflammation.
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Changes of Plasma FABP4, CRP, Leptin, and Chemerin Levels in relation to Different Dietary Patterns and Duodenal-Jejunal Omega Switch Surgery in Sprague-Dawley Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:2151429. [PMID: 29849871 PMCID: PMC5937382 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2151429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Pathophysiological links between inflammation, obesity, and adipokines can be used for the treatment of metabolic dysregulation. Aims To examine the influence of duodenal-jejunal omega switch surgery in combination with different diet patterns on plasma concentrations of fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4), C-reactive protein (CRP), leptin, and chemerin. Methods After 8 weeks on a high-fat diet (HF) or control diet (CD), rats underwent surgery. Duodenal-jejunal omega switch (DJOS) with an exclusion of one-third of intestinal length and SHAM surgery were performed. For the next 8 weeks, 50% of DJOS/SHAM animals were kept on the same diet as before (HF/DJOS/HF, HF/SHAM/HF, CD/DJOS/CD, and CD/SHAM/CD), and 50% had a changed diet (HF/DJOS/CD, HF/SHAM/CD, CD/DJOS/HF, and CD/SHAM/HF). FABP4, CRP, leptin, and chemerin were assessed using ELISA kits. Results FABP4: significant differences between DJOS and SHAM were observed in animals maintained on CD/CD; CRP: varied between DJOS and SHAM groups maintained on HF/HF, CD/CD, and CD/HF; leptin and chemerin levels: DJOS lowered leptin and chemerin plasma levels versus SHAM, while HF/HF, CD/HF, and HF/CD significantly increased leptin and chemerin plasma levels when compared to CD/CD. Conclusions The beneficial effect of DJOS surgery is stronger than proinflammatory conditions caused by an HF obesogenic diet.
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Dimitriadis GK, Kaur J, Adya R, Miras AD, Mattu HS, Hattersley JG, Kaltsas G, Tan BK, Randeva HS. Chemerin induces endothelial cell inflammation: activation of nuclear factor-kappa beta and monocyte-endothelial adhesion. Oncotarget 2018; 9:16678-16690. [PMID: 29682177 PMCID: PMC5908278 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemerin, a chemoattractant protein, acts via a G-protein coupled chemokine receptor, i.e. Chemokine like Receptor 1/ChemR23; levels of which are elevated in pro-inflammatory states such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Obesity and T2DM patients are at high risk of developing cardiovascular disorders such as atherosclerosis. We have reported that chemerin induces human endothelial cell angiogenesis and since dysregulated angiogenesis and endothelial dysfunction are hallmarks of vascular disease; we sought to determine the effects of chemerin on monocyte-endothelial adhesion, and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), a critical pro-inflammatory transcription factor. Human endothelial cells were transfected with pNF-kappaB-Luc plasmid. Chemerin induced NF-κB activation via the MAPK and PI3K/Akt pathways. Western blot analyses and monocyte-endothelial adhesion assay showed that chemerin increased endothelial cell adhesion molecule expression and secretion, namely E-selectin (Endothelial Selectin), VCAM-1 (Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1) and ICAM-1 (Intracellular Adhesion Molecule-1), leading to enhancement of monocyte-endothelial adhesion. Additionally, we showed a synergistic response of the pro-inflammatory mediator, Interleukin-1β with chemerin induced effects. Chemerin plays an important role in endothelial inflammation, as it induces monocyte-endothelial adhesion, a critical step in the development of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios K Dimitriadis
- Division of Translational and Experimental Medicine, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.,Division of Endocrinology and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London, UK.,WISDEM Centre, Human Metabolism Research Unit, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | - Jaspreet Kaur
- Division of Translational and Experimental Medicine, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.,Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Raghu Adya
- Division of Translational and Experimental Medicine, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Alexander D Miras
- Division of Endocrinology and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London, UK
| | - Harman S Mattu
- Division of Translational and Experimental Medicine, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - John G Hattersley
- WISDEM Centre, Human Metabolism Research Unit, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | - Gregory Kaltsas
- WISDEM Centre, Human Metabolism Research Unit, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | - Bee K Tan
- Division of Translational and Experimental Medicine, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Harpal S Randeva
- Division of Translational and Experimental Medicine, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.,WISDEM Centre, Human Metabolism Research Unit, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK.,Division of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
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Francisco V, Pérez T, Pino J, López V, Franco E, Alonso A, Gonzalez-Gay MA, Mera A, Lago F, Gómez R, Gualillo O. Biomechanics, obesity, and osteoarthritis. The role of adipokines: When the levee breaks. J Orthop Res 2018; 36:594-604. [PMID: 29080354 DOI: 10.1002/jor.23788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a high-incidence painful and debilitating disease characterized by progressive degeneration of articular joints, which indicates a breakdown in joint homeostasis favoring catabolic processes. Biomechanical loading, associated with inflammatory and metabolic imbalances of joint, strongly contributes to the initiation and progression of the disease. Obesity is a primary risk factor for disease onset, and mechanical factors increased the risk for disease progression. Moreover, inflammatory mediators, in particular, adipose tissue-derived cytokines (better known as adipokines) play a critical role linking obesity and osteoarthritis. The present article summarizes the knowledge about the role of adipokines in cartilage and bone function, highlighting their contribution to the imbalance of joint homeostasis and, consequently, pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:594-604, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Francisco
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), The NEIRID Group (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Building C, Travesía da Choupana S/N, Santiago de Compostela, 15706, Spain
| | - Tamara Pérez
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), The NEIRID Group (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Building C, Travesía da Choupana S/N, Santiago de Compostela, 15706, Spain
| | - Jesús Pino
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), The NEIRID Group (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Building C, Travesía da Choupana S/N, Santiago de Compostela, 15706, Spain
| | - Verónica López
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), The NEIRID Group (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Building C, Travesía da Choupana S/N, Santiago de Compostela, 15706, Spain
| | - Eloy Franco
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), Research Laboratory 9, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana Alonso
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), Research Laboratory 9, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Gonzalez-Gay
- Epidemiology, Genetics and Atherosclerosis Research Group on Systemic Inflammatory Diseases, Universidad de Cantabria and IDIVAL, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Av. Valdecilla, Santander, 39008, Spain
| | - Antonio Mera
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Division of Rheumatology, Travesía da Choupana S/N, Santiago de Compostela, 15706, Spain
| | - Francisca Lago
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), Department of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, CIBERCV (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares), Building C, Travesía da Choupana S/N, Santiago de Compostela, 15706, Spain
| | - Rodolfo Gómez
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), Research Laboratory 9, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Oreste Gualillo
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), The NEIRID Group (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Building C, Travesía da Choupana S/N, Santiago de Compostela, 15706, Spain
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Cathepsin G and Its Role in Inflammation and Autoimmune Diseases. Arch Rheumatol 2018; 33:498-504. [PMID: 30874236 DOI: 10.5606/archrheumatol.2018.6595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cathepsin G belongs to the neutrophil serine proteases family, known for its function in killing pathogens. Studies over the past several years indicate that cathepsin G has important effects on inflammation and immune reaction, and may be a key factor in the pathogenesis of some autoimmune diseases. In this article, we discuss the roles of cathepsin G in inflammation, immune reaction, and autoimmune diseases. To our knowledge, this is the first study providing important information about cathepsin G in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and suggesting that cathepsin G may be a new biomarker or treatment target.
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