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Uehara Y, Suzukawa M, Horie M, Igarashi S, Minegishi M, Takada K, Saito A, Nagase H. ZFP36 family expression is suppressed by Th2 cells in asthma, leading to enhanced synthesis of inflammatory cytokines and cell surface molecules. Cell Immunol 2024; 403-404:104859. [PMID: 39067169 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2024.104859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease, in which inflammatory cytokines play a pivotal role. The zinc finger binding protein 36 (ZFP36) family includes ZFP36, ZFP36L1, and ZFP36L2 and is among the RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) reported to cause inflammation. The present study aimed to clarify the roles of the ZFP36 family in asthma, particularly highlighting the relationship between the ZFP36 family and Th2 cells, which are key players in type 2 inflammation in asthma. Real-time PCR analysis revealed the preferential expression of ZFP36 family mRNAs in human white blood cells. Gene expression analysis using public datasets from the GEO database (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gds) showed significantly suppressed expression of ZFP36 family mRNAs in patients with asthma compared to that in healthy controls. Using multiple cytokine assays, Th2 cell transfection with ZFP36 family siRNAs enhanced the expression of inflammatory cytokines IL-8, IFN-γ, CCL3/MIP-1α, CCL4/MIP-1β, and TNF-α and cell surface molecules CCR4 (CD194) and PSGL-1 (CD162). Treatment with IL-2, 4, and 15 significantly suppressed, and corticosteroid significantly enhanced the expressions of ZFP36 family mRNAs by Th2 cells. In conclusion, the ZFP36 family expressed by Th2 cells was suppressed in patients with asthma, leading to the enhanced expression of cytokines and cell surface molecules. Suppressed ZFP36 expression in asthma may be involved in the enhancement of airway inflammation, and the ZFP36 family may be a therapeutic target for inflammatory diseases, including asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Uehara
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, 3-1-1 Takeoka, Kiyose-City, Tokyo, 204-8585, Japan; Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Maho Suzukawa
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, 3-1-1 Takeoka, Kiyose-City, Tokyo, 204-8585, Japan.
| | - Masafumi Horie
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Sayaka Igarashi
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, 3-1-1 Takeoka, Kiyose-City, Tokyo, 204-8585, Japan
| | - Masaaki Minegishi
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, 3-1-1 Takeoka, Kiyose-City, Tokyo, 204-8585, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Takada
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, 3-1-1 Takeoka, Kiyose-City, Tokyo, 204-8585, Japan; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Akira Saito
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nagase
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
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2
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Muazzen Z, Moghrabi W, Bakheet T, Mahmoud L, Al-Saif M, Khabar KSA, Hitti EG. Global analysis of the abundance of AU-rich mRNAs in response to glucocorticoid treatment. Sci Rep 2024; 14:913. [PMID: 38195703 PMCID: PMC10776588 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51301-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GC) like dexamethasone (Dex) are potent anti-inflammatory agents with diverse cellular functions including the potentiation of the activity of AU-rich elements (AREs). AREs are cis-acting instability sequence elements located in the 3'UTRs of many inflammatory mediator mRNAs. Here, available RNA-seq data were used to investigate the effect of GCs on the ARE-mRNA-transcriptome. At a global scale, ARE-mRNAs had a tendency to be downregulated after GC-treatment of the A549 lung cancer cell-line, but with notable cases of upregulation. mRNA stability experiments indicated that not only the downregulated, but also the upregulated ARE-mRNAs are destabilized by Dex-treatment. Several of the most upregulated ARE-mRNAs code for anti-inflammatory mediators including the established GC targets DUSP1 and ZFP36; both code for proteins that target ARE-containing mRNAs for destruction. GCs are widely used in the treatment of COVID-19 patients; we show that ARE-mRNAs are more likely to regulate in opposite directions between Dex-treatment and SARS-CoV-2 infections compared to non-ARE mRNAs. The effect of GC treatment on ARE-mRNA abundance was also investigated in blood monocytes of COVID-19 patients. The results were heterogeneous; however, in agreement with in vitro observations, ZFP36 and DUSP1 were often amongst the most differentially expressed mRNAs. The results of this study propose a universal destabilization of ARE-mRNAs by GCs, but a diverse overall outcome in vitro likely due to induced transcription or due to the heterogeneity of COVID-19 patient's responses in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyad Muazzen
- Molecular BioMedicine Department, Research and Innovation, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, 11211, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walid Moghrabi
- Molecular BioMedicine Department, Research and Innovation, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, 11211, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tala Bakheet
- Molecular BioMedicine Department, Research and Innovation, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, 11211, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Linah Mahmoud
- Molecular BioMedicine Department, Research and Innovation, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, 11211, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maher Al-Saif
- Molecular BioMedicine Department, Research and Innovation, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, 11211, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid S A Khabar
- Molecular BioMedicine Department, Research and Innovation, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, 11211, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Edward G Hitti
- Molecular BioMedicine Department, Research and Innovation, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, 11211, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Faught E, Schaaf MJM. Molecular mechanisms of the stress-induced regulation of the inflammatory response in fish. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2024; 345:114387. [PMID: 37788784 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2023.114387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Stressors in the environment of aquatic organisms can profoundly affect their immune system. The stress response in fish involves the activation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-interrenal (HPI) axis, leading to the release of several stress hormones, among them glucocorticoids, such as cortisol, which bind and activate corticosteroid receptors, namely the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). These receptors are highly expressed on immune cells, thereby allowing stress to have a potent effect that is classically considered to suppress immune function. In this review, we highlight the conserved structure and function of GR and MR among vertebrates and describe their role in modulating inflammation by regulating the expression of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory genes. In particular, the involvement of MR during inflammation is reviewed, which in many studies has been shown to be immune-enhancing. In recent years, the use of zebrafish as a model organism has opened up new possibilities to study the effects of stress on inflammation, making it possible to investigate knockout lines for MR and/or GR, in combination with transgenic models with fluorescently labeled leukocyte subpopulations that enable the visualization and manipulation of these immune cells. The potential roles of other hormones of the HPI axis, such as corticotrophin-releasing hormone (Crh) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (Acth), in immune modulation are also discussed. Overall, this review highlights the need for further research to elucidate the specific roles of GR, MR and other stress hormones in regulating immune function in fish. Understanding these mechanisms will contribute to improving fish health and advancing our knowledge of stress signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Faught
- Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, The Netherlands
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Salvato I, Ricciardi L, Nucera F, Nigro A, Dal Col J, Monaco F, Caramori G, Stellato C. RNA-Binding Proteins as a Molecular Link between COPD and Lung Cancer. COPD 2023; 20:18-30. [PMID: 36655862 DOI: 10.1080/15412555.2022.2107500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) represents an independent risk factor for lung cancer development. Accelerated cell senescence, induced by oxidative stress and inflammation, is a common pathogenic determinant of both COPD and lung cancer. The post transcriptional regulation of genes involved in these processes is finely regulated by RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), which regulate mRNA turnover, subcellular localization, splicing and translation. Multiple pro-inflammatory mediators (including cytokines, chemokines, proteins, growth factors and others), responsible of lung microenvironment alteration, are regulated by RBPs. Several mouse models have shown the implication of RBPs in multiple mechanisms that sustain chronic inflammation and neoplastic transformation. However, further studies are required to clarify the role of RBPs in the pathogenic mechanisms shared by lung cancer and COPD, in order to identify novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. This review will therefore focus on the studies collectively indicating the role of RBPs in oxidative stress and chronic inflammation as common pathogenic mechanisms shared by lung cancer and COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Salvato
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università degli Studi di Messina, Italy
| | - Luca Ricciardi
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università degli Studi di Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Nucera
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università degli Studi di Messina, Italy
| | - Annunziata Nigro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Jessica Dal Col
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Francesco Monaco
- Chirurgia Toracica, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università degli Studi di Messina, Italy
| | - Gaetano Caramori
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università degli Studi di Messina, Italy
| | - Cristiana Stellato
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
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Rynne J, Ortiz-Zapater E, Bagley DC, Zanin O, Doherty G, Kanabar V, Ward J, Jackson DJ, Parsons M, Rosenblatt J, Adcock IM, Martinez-Nunez RT. The RNA binding proteins ZFP36L1 and ZFP36L2 are dysregulated in airway epithelium in human and a murine model of asthma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1241008. [PMID: 37928904 PMCID: PMC10624177 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1241008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Asthma is the most common chronic inflammatory disease of the airways. The airway epithelium is a key driver of the disease, and numerous studies have established genome-wide differences in mRNA expression between health and asthma. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms for such differences remain poorly understood. The human TTP family is comprised of ZFP36, ZFP36L1 and ZFP36L2, and has essential roles in immune regulation by determining the stability and translation of myriad mRNAs encoding for inflammatory mediators. We investigated the expression and possible role of the tristetraprolin (TTP) family of RNA binding proteins (RBPs), poorly understood in asthma. Methods: We analysed the levels of ZFP36, ZFP36L1 and ZFP36L2 mRNA in several publicly available asthma datasets, including single cell RNA-sequencing. We also interrogated the expression of known targets of these RBPs in asthma. We assessed the lung mRNA expression and cellular localization of Zfp36l1 and Zfp36l2 in precision cut lung slices in murine asthma models. Finally, we determined the expression in airway epithelium of ZFP36L1 and ZFP36L2 in human bronchial biopsies and performed rescue experiments in primary bronchial epithelium from patients with severe asthma. Results: We found ZFP36L1 and ZFP36L2 mRNA levels significantly downregulated in the airway epithelium of patients with very severe asthma in different cohorts (5 healthy vs. 8 severe asthma; 36 moderate asthma vs. 37 severe asthma on inhaled steroids vs. 26 severe asthma on oral corticoids). Integrating several datasets allowed us to infer that mRNAs potentially targeted by these RBPs are increased in severe asthma. Zfp36l1 was downregulated in the lung of a mouse model of asthma, and immunostaining of ex vivo lung slices with a dual antibody demonstrated that Zfp36l1/l2 nuclear localization was increased in the airway epithelium of an acute asthma mouse model, which was further enhanced in a chronic model. Immunostaining of human bronchial biopsies showed that airway epithelial cell staining of ZFP36L1 was decreased in severe asthma as compared with mild, while ZFP36L2 was upregulated. Restoring the levels of ZFP36L1 and ZFP36L2 in primary bronchial epithelial cells from patients with severe asthma decreased the mRNA expression of IL6, IL8 and CSF2. Discussion: We propose that the dysregulation of ZFP36L1/L2 levels as well as their subcellular mislocalization contributes to changes in mRNA expression and cytoplasmic fate in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Rynne
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Ortiz-Zapater
- The Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dustin C. Bagley
- The Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Onofrio Zanin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - George Doherty
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Varsha Kanabar
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jon Ward
- Histochemistry Research Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - David J. Jackson
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maddy Parsons
- The Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jody Rosenblatt
- The Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ian M. Adcock
- National Heart and Lung Institute and Data Science Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rocio T. Martinez-Nunez
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
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Triggianese P, Conigliaro P, De Martino E, Monosi B, Chimenti MS. Overview on the Link Between the Complement System and Auto-Immune Articular and Pulmonary Disease. Open Access Rheumatol 2023; 15:65-79. [PMID: 37214353 PMCID: PMC10198272 DOI: 10.2147/oarrr.s318826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Complement system (CS) dysregulation is a key factor in the pathogenesis of different autoimmune diseases playing a central role in many immune innate and adaptive processes. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by ta breach of self-tolerance leading to a synovitis and extra-articular manifestations. The CS is activated in RA and seems not only to mediate direct tissue damage but also play a role in the initiation of RA pathogenetic mechanisms through interactions with citrullinated proteins. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) represents the most common extra-articular manifestation that can lead to progressive fibrosis. In this review, we focused on the evidence of CS dysregulation in RA and in ILD, and highlighted the role of the CS in both the innate and adaptive immune responses in the development of diseases, by using idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis as a model of lung disease. As a proof of concept, we dissected the evidence that several treatments used to treat RA and ILD such as glucocorticoids, pirfenidone, disease modifying antirheumatic drugs, targeted biologics such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-inhibitors, rituximab, tocilizumab, and nintedanib may act indirectly on the CS, suggesting that the CS might represent a potential therapeutic target in these complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Triggianese
- Department of Systems Medicine, Rheumatology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Conigliaro
- Department of Systems Medicine, Rheumatology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Erica De Martino
- Department of Systems Medicine, Rheumatology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Benedetta Monosi
- Department of Systems Medicine, Rheumatology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Sole Chimenti
- Department of Systems Medicine, Rheumatology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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Jeon DY, Jeong SY, Lee JW, Kim J, Kim JH, Chu HS, Jeong WJ, Lee BJ, Ahn B, Kim J, Choi SH, Park JW. FOXO1 Is a Key Mediator of Glucocorticoid-Induced Expression of Tristetraprolin in MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213673. [PMID: 36430156 PMCID: PMC9693238 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The mRNA destabilizing factor tristetraprolin (TTP) functions as a tumor suppressor by down-regulating cancer-associated genes. TTP expression is significantly reduced in various cancers, which contributes to cancer processes. Enforced expression of TTP impairs tumorigenesis and abolishes maintenance of the malignant state, emphasizing the need to identify a TTP inducer in cancer cells. To search for novel candidate agents for inducing TTP in cancer cells, we screened a library containing 1019 natural compounds using MCF-7 breast cancer cells transfected with a reporter vector containing the TTP promoter upstream of the luciferase gene. We identified one molecule, of which the enantiomers are betamethasone 21-phosphate (BTM-21-P) and dexamethasone 21-phosphate (BTM-21-P), as a potent inducer of TTP in cancer cells. We confirmed that BTM-21-P, DXM-21-P, and dexamethasone (DXM) induced the expression of TTP in MDA-MB-231 cells in a glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-dependent manner. To identify potential pathways linking BTM-21-P and DXM-21-P to TTP induction, we performed an RNA sequencing-based transcriptome analysis of MDA-MB-231 cells at 3 h after treatment with these compounds. A heat map analysis of FPKM expression showed a similar expression pattern between cells treated with the two compounds. The KEGG pathway analysis results revealed that the upregulated DEGs were strongly associated with several pathways, including the Hippo signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, FOXO signaling pathway, NF-κB signaling pathway, and p53 signaling pathway. Inhibition of the FOXO pathway using a FOXO1 inhibitor blocked the effects of BTM-21-P and DXM-21-P on the induction of TTP in MDA-MB-231 cells. We found that DXM enhanced the binding of FOXO1 to the TTP promoter in a GR-dependent manner. In conclusion, we identified a natural compound of which the enantiomers are DXM-21-P and BTM-21-P as a potent inducer of TTP in breast cancer cells. We also present new insights into the role of FOXO1 in the DXM-21-P- and BTM-21-P-induced expression of TTP in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Yong Jeon
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea
| | - So Yeon Jeong
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea
| | - Ju Won Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea
| | - Jeonghwan Kim
- School of System Biomedical Science, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Korea
| | - Jee Hyun Kim
- RopheLBio, B102, Seoul Forest M Tower, Seoul 04778, Korea
| | - Hun Su Chu
- RopheLBio, B102, Seoul Forest M Tower, Seoul 04778, Korea
| | - Won Jin Jeong
- RopheLBio, B102, Seoul Forest M Tower, Seoul 04778, Korea
| | - Byung Ju Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea
| | - Byungyong Ahn
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea
| | - Junil Kim
- School of System Biomedical Science, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Korea
| | - Seong Hee Choi
- RopheLBio, B102, Seoul Forest M Tower, Seoul 04778, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.H.C.); (J.W.P.)
| | - Jeong Woo Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.H.C.); (J.W.P.)
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8
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Kwack KH, Zhang L, Kramer ED, Thiyagarajan R, Lamb NA, Arao Y, Bard JE, Seldeen KL, Troen BR, Blackshear PJ, Abrams SI, Kirkwood KL. Tristetraprolin limits age-related expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1002163. [PMID: 36263047 PMCID: PMC9573970 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1002163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging results in enhanced myelopoiesis, which is associated with an increased prevalence of myeloid leukemias and the production of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Tristetraprolin (TTP) is an RNA binding protein that regulates immune-related cytokines and chemokines by destabilizing target mRNAs. As TTP expression is known to decrease with age in myeloid cells, we used TTP-deficient (TTPKO) mice to model aged mice to study TTP regulation in age-related myelopoiesis. Both TTPKO and myeloid-specific TTPKO (cTTPKO) mice had significant increases in both MDSC subpopulations M-MDSCs (CD11b+Ly6ChiLy6G-) and PMN-MDSCs (CD11b+Ly6CloLy6G+), as well as macrophages (CD11b+F4/80+) in the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes; however, no quantitative changes in MDSCs were observed in the bone marrow. In contrast, gain-of-function TTP knock-in (TTPKI) mice had no change in MDSCs compared with control mice. Within the bone marrow, total granulocyte-monocyte progenitors (GMPs) and monocyte progenitors (MPs), direct antecedents of M-MDSCs, were significantly increased in both cTTPKO and TTPKO mice, but granulocyte progenitors (GPs) were significantly increased only in TTPKO mice. Transcriptomic analysis of the bone marrow myeloid cell populations revealed that the expression of CC chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2), which plays a key role in monocyte mobilization to inflammatory sites, was dramatically increased in both cTTPKO and TTPKO mice. Concurrently, the concentration of CC chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), a major ligand of CCR2, was high in the serum of cTTPKO and TTPKO mice, suggesting that TTP impacts the mobilization of M-MDSCs from the bone marrow to inflammatory sites during aging via regulation of the CCR2-CCL2 axis. Collectively, these studies demonstrate a previously unrecognized role for TTP in regulating age-associated myelopoiesis through the expansion of specific myeloid progenitors and M-MDSCs and their recruitment to sites of injury, inflammation, or other pathologic perturbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu Hwan Kwack
- Department of Oral Biology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
- Department of Oral Microbiology, College of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Lixia Zhang
- Department of Oral Biology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Elliot D. Kramer
- Department of Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
- Departments of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Ramkumar Thiyagarajan
- Department of Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Western New York Healthcare Service, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Natalie A. Lamb
- Department of Biochemistry, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
- Genomics and Bioinformatics Core, New York State Center of Excellence for Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Yukitomo Arao
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Jonathan E. Bard
- Department of Biochemistry, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
- Genomics and Bioinformatics Core, New York State Center of Excellence for Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Kenneth L. Seldeen
- Department of Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Western New York Healthcare Service, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Bruce R. Troen
- Department of Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Western New York Healthcare Service, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Perry J. Blackshear
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
- Departments of Biochemistry & Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Scott I. Abrams
- Departments of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Keith L. Kirkwood
- Department of Oral Biology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
- Head & Neck/Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
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9
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Ansari SA, Dantoft W, Ruiz-Orera J, Syed AP, Blachut S, van Heesch S, Hübner N, Uhlenhaut NH. Integrative analysis of macrophage ribo-Seq and RNA-Seq data define glucocorticoid receptor regulated inflammatory response genes into distinct regulatory classes. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:5622-5638. [PMID: 36284713 PMCID: PMC9582734 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids such as dexamethasone (Dex) are widely used to treat both acute and chronic inflammatory conditions. They regulate immune responses by dampening cell-mediated immunity in a glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-dependent manner, by suppressing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines and by stimulating the expression of anti-inflammatory mediators. Despite its evident clinical benefit, the mechanistic underpinnings of the gene regulatory networks transcriptionally controlled by GR in a context-specific manner remain mysterious. Next generation sequencing methods such mRNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and Ribosome profiling (ribo-seq) provide tools to investigate the transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms that govern gene expression. Here, we integrate matched RNA-seq data with ribo-seq data from human acute monocytic leukemia (THP-1) cells treated with the TLR4 ligand lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and with Dex, to investigate the global transcriptional and translational regulation (translational efficiency, ΔTE) of Dex-responsive genes. We find that the expression of most of the Dex-responsive genes are regulated at both the transcriptional and the post-transcriptional level, with the transcriptional changes intensified on the translational level. Overrepresentation pathway analysis combined with STRING protein network analysis and manual functional exploration, identified these genes to encode immune effectors and immunomodulators that contribute to macrophage-mediated immunity and to the maintenance of macrophage-mediated immune homeostasis. Further research into the translational regulatory network underlying the GR anti-inflammatory response could pave the way for the development of novel immunomodulatory therapeutic regimens with fewer undesirable side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhail A. Ansari
- Institute for Diabetes and Endocrinology (IDE), Helmholtz Center Munich (HMGU) and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Widad Dantoft
- Institute for Diabetes and Endocrinology (IDE), Helmholtz Center Munich (HMGU) and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jorge Ruiz-Orera
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Afzal P. Syed
- Institute for Diabetes and Endocrinology (IDE), Helmholtz Center Munich (HMGU) and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Blachut
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastiaan van Heesch
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Norbert Hübner
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany,Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nina Henriette Uhlenhaut
- Institute for Diabetes and Endocrinology (IDE), Helmholtz Center Munich (HMGU) and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany,Metabolic Programming, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, ZIEL – Institute for Food and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany,Corresponding author.
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10
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Li Y, Tan S, Shen Y, Guo L. miR‑146a‑5p negatively regulates the IL‑1β‑stimulated inflammatory response via downregulation of the IRAK1/TRAF6 signaling pathway in human intestinal epithelial cells. Exp Ther Med 2022; 24:615. [PMID: 36160881 PMCID: PMC9468834 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary pathophysiological alteration caused by inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is prolonged, excessive inflammatory response to stimulation factors, which leads to intestinal mucosal lesions. microRNA (miR)-146a-5p is broadly activated in the mucosal immune response. At present, the biogenesis, function and role of miR-146a-5p in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) during the pathogenesis of IBD remain elusive. The human colon cancer epithelial Caco-2 cell line was cultured with 10 ng/ml recombinant human IL-1β for 3 h to establish an in vitro IECs inflammatory model. Relative levels of miR-146a-5p and inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and IP-10) were measured by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blotting. Transfection of miR-146a-5p mimic or inhibitor into Caco-2 cells was performed to identify the influence of miR-146a-5p on Caco-2 cell inflammatory factors expression. The targeting relationship between miR-146a-5p and interleukin 1 receptor associated kinase 1 (IRAK1)/tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) was predicted by TargetScan 8.0. The present study demonstrated that miR-146a-5p and inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and IP-10) were upregulated in a dose- and time-dependent manner in IL-1β-stimulated Caco-2 cells. Moreover, upregulation of miR-146a-5p negatively regulated the expression of inflammatory factors, but the downregulation of miR-146a-5p increased their expression. The results of the present study demonstrated that miR-146a-5p decreased the expression of the inflammatory factors through targeted downregulation of IRAK1/TRAF6. These results suggest that miR-146a-5p negatively regulates the IL-1β-stimulated inflammatory response via downregulation of the IRAK1/TRAF6 signaling pathway in human IECs. Therefore, miR-146a-5p may act as an important diagnostic biomarker and treatment target of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Li
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003, P.R. China
| | - Shilian Tan
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003, P.R. China
| | - Yuanying Shen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003, P.R. China
| | - Le Guo
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003, P.R. China
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11
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Aloufi N, Alluli A, Eidelman DH, Baglole CJ. Aberrant Post-Transcriptional Regulation of Protein Expression in the Development of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111963. [PMID: 34769392 PMCID: PMC8584689 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an incurable and prevalent respiratory disorder that is characterized by chronic inflammation and emphysema. COPD is primarily caused by cigarette smoke (CS). CS alters numerous cellular processes, including the post-transcriptional regulation of mRNAs. The identification of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as main factors engaged in the regulation of RNA biology opens the door to understanding their role in coordinating physiological cellular processes. Dysregulation of post-transcriptional regulation by foreign particles in CS may lead to the development of diseases such as COPD. Here we review current knowledge about post-transcriptional events that may be involved in the pathogenesis of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noof Aloufi
- Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada; (N.A.); (A.A.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Applied Medical Science, Taibah University, Universities Road, Medina P.O. Box 344, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aeshah Alluli
- Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada; (N.A.); (A.A.)
| | - David H. Eidelman
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada;
| | - Carolyn J. Baglole
- Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada; (N.A.); (A.A.)
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada;
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Correspondence:
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12
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Kwon J, Arsenis C, Suessmilch M, McColl A, Cavanagh J, Morris BJ. Differential Effects of Toll-Like Receptor Activation and Differential Mediation by MAP Kinases of Immune Responses in Microglial Cells. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2021; 42:2655-2671. [PMID: 34297254 PMCID: PMC9560989 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-021-01127-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Microglial activation is believed to play a role in many psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases. Based largely on evidence from other cell types, it is widely thought that MAP kinase (ERK, JNK and p38) signalling pathways contribute strongly to microglial activation following immune stimuli acting on toll-like receptor (TLR) 3 or TLR4. We report here that exposure of SimA9 mouse microglial cell line to immune mimetics stimulating TLR4 (lipopolysaccharide-LPS) or TLR7/8 (resiquimod/R848), results in marked MAP kinase activation, followed by induction of nitric oxide synthase, and various cytokines/chemokines. However, in contrast to TLR4 or TLR7/8 stimulation, very few effects of TLR3 stimulation by poly-inosine/cytidine (polyI:C) were detected. Induction of chemokines/cytokines at the mRNA level by LPS and resiquimod were, in general, only marginally affected by MAP kinase inhibition, and expression of TNF, Ccl2 and Ccl5 mRNAs, along with nitrite production, were enhanced by p38 inhibition in a stimulus-specific manner. Selective JNK inhibition enhanced Ccl2 and Ccl5 release. Many distinct responses to stimulation of TLR4 and TLR7 were observed, with JNK mediating TNF protein induction by the latter but not the former, and suppressing Ccl5 release by the former but not the latter. These data reveal complex modulation by MAP kinases of microglial responses to immune challenge, including a dampening of some responses. They demonstrate that abnormal levels of JNK or p38 signalling in microglial cells will perturb their profile of cytokine and chemokine release, potentially contributing to abnormal inflammatory patterns in CNS disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaedeok Kwon
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, West Medical Building, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.,Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Christos Arsenis
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, West Medical Building, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Maria Suessmilch
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Alison McColl
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jonathan Cavanagh
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Brian J Morris
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, West Medical Building, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
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13
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Cusack RP, Whetstone CE, Xie Y, Ranjbar M, Gauvreau GM. Regulation of Eosinophilia in Asthma-New Therapeutic Approaches for Asthma Treatment. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040817. [PMID: 33917396 PMCID: PMC8067385 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a complex and chronic inflammatory disease of the airways, characterized by variable and recurring symptoms, reversible airflow obstruction, bronchospasm, and airway eosinophilia. As the pathophysiology of asthma is becoming clearer, the identification of new valuable drug targets is emerging. IL-5 is one of these such targets because it is the major cytokine supporting eosinophilia and is responsible for terminal differentiation of human eosinophils, regulating eosinophil proliferation, differentiation, maturation, migration, and prevention of cellular apoptosis. Blockade of the IL-5 pathway has been shown to be efficacious for the treatment of eosinophilic asthma. However, several other inflammatory pathways have been shown to support eosinophilia, including IL-13, the alarmin cytokines TSLP and IL-33, and the IL-3/5/GM-CSF axis. These and other alternate pathways leading to airway eosinophilia will be described, and the efficacy of therapeutics that have been developed to block these pathways will be evaluated.
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14
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The gut microbiota metabolite urolithin A inhibits NF-κB activation in LPS stimulated BMDMs. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7117. [PMID: 33782464 PMCID: PMC8007722 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86514-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a natural defense process of the innate immune system, associated with the release of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, interleukin-12 and TNFα; and enzymes including iNOS through the activation and nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 due to the phosphorylation of IκBα. Regulation of intracellular Ca2+ is considered a promising strategy for the prevention of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and accumulation of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) that occurs in inflammatory-associated-diseases. Among the metabolites of ellagitannins that are produced in the gut microbiome, urolithin A (UA) has received an increasing attention as a novel candidate with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects. Here, we investigated the effect of UA on the suppression of pro-inflammatory molecules and NF-κB activation by targeting TLR4 signalling pathway. We also identified the influence of UA on Ca2+ entry, ROS production and DSBs availability in murine bone-marrow-derived macrophages challenged with lipopolysaccharides (LPS). We found that UA inhibits IκBα phosphorylation and supresses MAPK and PI3K activation. In addition, UA was able to reduce calcium entry, ROS production and DSBs availability. In conclusion, we suggest that urolithin A is a promising therapeutic agent for treating inflammatory diseases through suppression of NF-κB and preserving DNA through maintaining intracellular calcium and ROS homeostasis.
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15
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Han YM, Kim MS, Jo J, Shin D, Kwon SH, SEO JB, Kang D, Lee BD, Ryu H, Hwang EM, Kim JM, Patel PD, Lyons DM, Schatzberg AF, Her S. Decoding the temporal nature of brain GR activity in the NFκB signal transition leading to depressive-like behavior. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:5087-5096. [PMID: 33483691 PMCID: PMC7821461 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01016-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The fine-tuning of neuroinflammation is crucial for brain homeostasis as well as its immune response. The transcription factor, nuclear factor-κ-B (NFκB) is a key inflammatory player that is antagonized via anti-inflammatory actions exerted by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). However, technical limitations have restricted our understanding of how GR is involved in the dynamics of NFκB in vivo. In this study, we used an improved lentiviral-based reporter to elucidate the time course of NFκB and GR activities during behavioral changes from sickness to depression induced by a systemic lipopolysaccharide challenge. The trajectory of NFκB activity established a behavioral basis for the NFκB signal transition involved in three phases, sickness-early-phase, normal-middle-phase, and depressive-like-late-phase. The temporal shift in brain GR activity was differentially involved in the transition of NFκB signals during the normal and depressive-like phases. The middle-phase GR effectively inhibited NFκB in a glucocorticoid-dependent manner, but the late-phase GR had no inhibitory action. Furthermore, we revealed the cryptic role of basal GR activity in the early NFκB signal transition, as evidenced by the fact that blocking GR activity with RU486 led to early depressive-like episodes through the emergence of the brain NFκB activity. These results highlight the inhibitory action of GR on NFκB by the basal and activated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis during body-to-brain inflammatory spread, providing clues about molecular mechanisms underlying systemic inflammation caused by such as COVID-19 infection, leading to depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Min Han
- grid.410885.00000 0000 9149 5707Seoul Centre, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min Sun Kim
- grid.410885.00000 0000 9149 5707Seoul Centre, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Juyeong Jo
- grid.410885.00000 0000 9149 5707Seoul Centre, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Daiha Shin
- grid.410885.00000 0000 9149 5707Seoul Centre, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Hae Kwon
- grid.410885.00000 0000 9149 5707Seoul Centre, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong Bok SEO
- grid.410885.00000 0000 9149 5707Seoul Centre, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dongmin Kang
- grid.255649.90000 0001 2171 7754Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byoung Dae Lee
- grid.289247.20000 0001 2171 7818Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hoon Ryu
- grid.35541.360000000121053345Neuroscience Centre, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Mi Hwang
- grid.35541.360000000121053345Center for Functional Connectomics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Min Kim
- grid.14005.300000 0001 0356 9399Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Paresh D. Patel
- grid.412590.b0000 0000 9081 2336Department of Psychiatry, Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan Medical Centre, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - David M. Lyons
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Departments of Psychiatry, Stanford University Medical Centre, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Alan F. Schatzberg
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Departments of Psychiatry, Stanford University Medical Centre, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Song Her
- Seoul Centre, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, South Korea.
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16
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Ricciardi L, Giurato G, Memoli D, Pietrafesa M, Dal Col J, Salvato I, Nigro A, Vatrella A, Caramori G, Casolaro V, Stellato C. Posttranscriptional Gene Regulatory Networks in Chronic Airway Inflammatory Diseases: In silico Mapping of RNA-Binding Protein Expression in Airway Epithelium. Front Immunol 2020; 11:579889. [PMID: 33178205 PMCID: PMC7596416 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.579889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Posttranscriptional gene regulation (PTGR) contributes to inflammation through alterations in messenger RNA (mRNA) turnover and translation rates. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) coordinate these processes but their role in lung inflammatory diseases is ill-defined. We evaluated the expression of a curated list of mRNA-binding RBPs (mRBPs) in selected Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) transcriptomic databases of airway epithelium isolated from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), severe asthma (SA) and matched control subjects, hypothesizing that global changes in mRBPs expression could be used to infer their pathogenetic roles and identify novel disease-related regulatory networks. Methods: A published list of 692 mRBPs [Nat Rev Genet 2014] was searched in GEO datasets originated from bronchial brushings of stable COPD patients (C), smokers (S), non-smokers (NS) controls with normal lung function (n = 6/12/12) (GEO ID: GSE5058) and of (SA) and healthy control (HC) (n = 6/12) (GSE63142). Fluorescence intensity data were extracted and normalized on the medians for fold change (FC) comparisons. FCs were set at ≥ |1.5| with a false discovery rate (FDR) of ≤ 0.05. Pearson correlation maps and heatmaps were generated using tMEV tools v4_9_0.45. DNA sequence motifs were searched using PScan-ChIP. Gene Ontology (GO) was performed with Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) tool. Results: Significant mRBP expression changes were detected for S/NS, COPD/NS and COPD/S (n = 41, 391, 382, respectively). Of those, 32% of genes changed by FC ≥ |1.5| in S/NS but more than 60% in COPD/NS and COPD/S (n = 13, 267, 257, respectively). Genes were predominantly downregulated in COPD/NS (n = 194, 73%) and COPD/S (n = 202, 79%), less so in S/NS (n = 4, 31%). Unsupervised cluster analysis identified in 4 out of 12 S the same mRBP pattern seen in C, postulating subclinical COPD. Significant DNA motifs enrichment for transcriptional regulation was found for downregulated RBPs. Correlation analysis identified five clusters of co-expressed mRBPs. GO analysis revealed significant enrichments in canonical pathways both specific and shared among comparisons. Unexpectedly, no significant mRBPs modulation was found in SA compared to controls. Conclusions: Airway epithelial mRBPs profiling reveals a COPD-specific global downregulation of RBPs shared by a subset of control smokers, the potential of functional cooperation by coexpressed RBPs and significant impact on relevant pathogenetic pathways in COPD. Elucidation of PTGR in COPD could identify disease biomarkers or pathways for therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Ricciardi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Giorgio Giurato
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Domenico Memoli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Pietrafesa
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Jessica Dal Col
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Ilaria Salvato
- Pulmonology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dentistry and Morphological and Functional Imaging (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Annunziata Nigro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vatrella
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Gaetano Caramori
- Pulmonology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dentistry and Morphological and Functional Imaging (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Casolaro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy.,Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Cristiana Stellato
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy.,Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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17
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Canzoneri R, Naipauer J, Stedile M, Rodriguez Peña A, Lacunza E, Gandini NA, Curino AC, Facchinetti MM, Coso OA, Kordon E, Abba MC. Identification of an AP1-ZFP36 Regulatory Network Associated with Breast Cancer Prognosis. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2020; 25:163-172. [PMID: 32248342 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-020-09448-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been established that ZFP36 (also known as Tristetraprolin or TTP) promotes mRNA degradation of proteins involved in inflammation, proliferation and tumor invasiveness. In mammary epithelial cells ZFP36 expression is induced by STAT5 activation during lactogenesis, while in breast cancer ZFP36 expression is associated with lower grade and better prognosis. Here, we show that the AP-1 transcription factor components, i.e. JUN, JUNB, FOS, FOSB, in addition to DUSP1, EGR1, NR4A1, IER2 and BTG2, behave as a conserved co-regulated group of genes whose expression is associated to ZFP36 in cancer cells. In fact, a significant down-modulation of this gene network is observed in breast, liver, lung, kidney, and thyroid carcinomas compared to their normal counterparts. In breast cancer, the normal-like and Luminal A, show the highest expression of the ZFP36 gene network among the other intrinsic subtypes and patients with low expression of these genes display poor prognosis. It is also proposed that AP-1 regulates ZFP36 expression through responsive elements detected in the promoter region of this gene. Culture assays show that AP-1 activity induces ZFP36 expression in mammary cells in response to prolactin (PRL) treatment thorough ERK1/2 activation. These results suggest that JUN, JUNB, FOS and FOSB are not only co-expressed, but would also play a relevant role in regulating ZFP36 expression in mammary epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Canzoneri
- Centro de Investigaciones Inmunológicas Básicas y Aplicadas, CINIBA, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - J Naipauer
- Laboratorio de Expresión Génica en Mama y Apoptosis, LEGMA, IFIBYNE-CONICET, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Stedile
- Laboratorio de Expresión Génica en Mama y Apoptosis, LEGMA, IFIBYNE-CONICET, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A Rodriguez Peña
- Centro de Investigaciones Inmunológicas Básicas y Aplicadas, CINIBA, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - E Lacunza
- Centro de Investigaciones Inmunológicas Básicas y Aplicadas, CINIBA, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - N A Gandini
- Laboratorio de Biología del Cáncer, INIBIBB, Universidad Nacional del Sur - CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - A C Curino
- Laboratorio de Biología del Cáncer, INIBIBB, Universidad Nacional del Sur - CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - M M Facchinetti
- Laboratorio de Biología del Cáncer, INIBIBB, Universidad Nacional del Sur - CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - O A Coso
- Laboratorio de Expresión Génica en Mama y Apoptosis, LEGMA, IFIBYNE-CONICET, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - E Kordon
- Laboratorio de Expresión Génica en Mama y Apoptosis, LEGMA, IFIBYNE-CONICET, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M C Abba
- Centro de Investigaciones Inmunológicas Básicas y Aplicadas, CINIBA, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.
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18
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Das AS, Basu A, Kumar R, Borah PK, Bakshi S, Sharma M, Duary RK, Ray PS, Mukhopadhyay R. Post-transcriptional regulation of C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 expression by ribosomal protein L22 during LPS-mediated inflammation. FEBS J 2020; 287:3794-3813. [PMID: 32383535 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Monocyte infiltration to the site of pathogenic invasion is critical for inflammatory response and host defence. However, this process demands precise regulation as uncontrolled migration of monocytes to the site delays resolution of inflammation and ultimately promotes chronic inflammation. C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) plays a key role in monocyte migration, and hence, its expression should be tightly regulated. Here, we report a post-transcriptional regulation of CCL2 involving the large ribosomal subunit protein L22 (RPL22) in LPS-activated, differentiated THP-1 cells. Early events following LPS treatment include transcriptional upregulation of RPL22 and its nuclear accumulation. The protein binds to the first 20 nt sequence of the 5'UTR of ccl2 mRNA. Simultaneous nuclear translocation of up-frameshift-1 protein and its interaction with RPL22 results in cytoplasmic degradation of the ccl2 mRNA at a later stage. Removal of RPL22 from cells results in increased expression of CCL2 in response to LPS causing disproportionate migration of monocytes. We propose that post-transcriptional regulation of CCL2 by RPL22 fine-tunes monocyte infiltration during a pathogenic insult and maintains homeostasis of the immune response critical to resolution of inflammation. DATABASES: Microarray data are available in NCBI GEO database (Accession No GSE126525).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindhya Sundar Das
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Assam, India
| | - Anandita Basu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Assam, India
| | - Ravi Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, West Bengal, India
| | - Pallab Kumar Borah
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Tezpur University, Assam, India
| | - Subhojit Bakshi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Assam, India
| | - Manoj Sharma
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Assam, India
| | - Raj Kumar Duary
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Tezpur University, Assam, India
| | - Partho Sarothi Ray
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, West Bengal, India
| | - Rupak Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Assam, India
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19
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Escoter-Torres L, Caratti G, Mechtidou A, Tuckermann J, Uhlenhaut NH, Vettorazzi S. Fighting the Fire: Mechanisms of Inflammatory Gene Regulation by the Glucocorticoid Receptor. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1859. [PMID: 31440248 PMCID: PMC6693390 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
For many decades, glucocorticoids have been widely used as the gold standard treatment for inflammatory conditions. Unfortunately, their clinical use is limited by severe adverse effects such as insulin resistance, cardiometabolic diseases, muscle and skin atrophies, osteoporosis, and depression. Glucocorticoids exert their effects by binding to the Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR), a ligand-activated transcription factor which both positively, and negatively regulates gene expression. Extensive research during the past several years has uncovered novel mechanisms by which the GR activates and represses its target genes. Genome-wide studies and mouse models have provided valuable insight into the molecular mechanisms of inflammatory gene regulation by GR. This review focusses on newly identified target genes and GR co-regulators that are important for its anti-inflammatory effects in innate immune cells, as well as mutations within the GR itself that shed light on its transcriptional activity. This research progress will hopefully serve as the basis for the development of safer immune suppressants with reduced side effect profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Escoter-Torres
- Molecular Endocrinology, Helmholtz Zentrum München (HMGU), German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Institute for Diabetes and Cancer IDC, Munich, Germany
| | - Giorgio Caratti
- Department of Biology, Institute for Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Aikaterini Mechtidou
- Molecular Endocrinology, Helmholtz Zentrum München (HMGU), German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Institute for Diabetes and Cancer IDC, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Tuckermann
- Department of Biology, Institute for Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Nina Henriette Uhlenhaut
- Molecular Endocrinology, Helmholtz Zentrum München (HMGU), German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Institute for Diabetes and Cancer IDC, Munich, Germany.,Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Sabine Vettorazzi
- Department of Biology, Institute for Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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20
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MicroRNA-146a is induced by inflammatory stimuli in airway epithelial cells and augments the anti-inflammatory effects of glucocorticoids. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205434. [PMID: 30300399 PMCID: PMC6177187 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as central regulators of inflammation, but their role in asthma and airway epithelial cells is not well studied. Glucocorticoids are the cornerstone of therapy in asthma and other inflammatory disease, yet their mechanisms of action are not completely elucidated, and it is not clear whether miRNAs modulate their effects. Objective We aimed to identify miRNAs that regulate cytokine and chemokine expression in airway epithelial cells and whether these miRNAs are subject to the effects of glucocorticoids. Methods and results MicroRNAomic analyses of immortalized, normal human bronchial epithelial cells identified 7 miRNAs that were altered by inflammatory cytokine treatment and 22 that were regulated by glucocorticoids (n = 3 for each treatment condition). MiR-146a emerged as a central candidate, whose expression was induced by TNF-α and repressed by glucocorticoids. Its role as a candidate in asthmatic inflammation was supported by expression profiling in human asthmatics, which showed that plasma miR-146a expression was elevated in asthma and associated with measures related to worse asthma outcomes, including elevated blood eosinophil counts, higher asthma control questionnaire scores, and need for higher doses of inhaled glucocorticoids. However, transfection of miR-146a in A549 cells treated with TNF-α +/- glucocorticoids produced an anti-inflammatory effect and increased efficacy of glucocorticoids. Conclusions We propose a model whereby miR-146a is induced by inflammatory conditions as a feedback mechanism to limit inflammation. Exogenous administration of miR-146a augmented the effects of glucocorticoids and could be a novel therapeutic strategy to enhance efficacy of these medications.
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21
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Goddio MV, Gattelli A, Tocci JM, Cuervo LP, Stedile M, Stumpo DJ, Hynes NE, Blackshear PJ, Meiss RP, Kordon EC. Expression of the mRNA stability regulator Tristetraprolin is required for lactation maintenance in the mouse mammary gland. Oncotarget 2018; 9:8278-8289. [PMID: 29492194 PMCID: PMC5823555 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Tristetraprolin (TTP), an mRNA-binding protein that negatively controls levels of inflammatory factors, is highly expressed in the lactating mouse mammary gland. To determine the biological relevance of this expression profile, we developed bi-transgenic mice in which this protein is specifically down-regulated in the secretory mammary epithelium in the secretory mammary epithelium during lactation. Our data show that TTP conditional KO mice produced underweight litters, possibly due to massive mammary cell death induced during lactation without the requirement of additional stimuli. This effect was linked to overexpression of inflammatory cytokines, activation of STAT3 and down-regulation of AKT phosphorylation. Importantly, blocking TNFα activity in the lactating conditional TTP KO mice inhibited cell death and similar effects were observed when this treatment was applied to wild-type animals during 48 h after weaning. Therefore, our results demonstrate that during lactation TTP wards off early involution by preventing the increase of local inflammatory factors. In addition, our data reveal the relevance of locally secreted TNFα for triggering programmed cell death after weaning.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Victoria Goddio
- IFIBYNE-UBA-CONICET, Departamento de Química Biológica, FCEN-UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Albana Gattelli
- IFIBYNE-UBA-CONICET, Departamento de Química Biológica, FCEN-UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Johanna M Tocci
- IFIBYNE-UBA-CONICET, Departamento de Química Biológica, FCEN-UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lourdes Pérez Cuervo
- IFIBYNE-UBA-CONICET, Departamento de Química Biológica, FCEN-UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Micaela Stedile
- IFIBYNE-UBA-CONICET, Departamento de Química Biológica, FCEN-UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Deborah J Stumpo
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nancy E Hynes
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Perry J Blackshear
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Edith C Kordon
- IFIBYNE-UBA-CONICET, Departamento de Química Biológica, FCEN-UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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22
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Inflammation-regulated mRNA stability and the progression of vascular inflammatory diseases. Clin Sci (Lond) 2017; 131:2687-2699. [PMID: 29109302 DOI: 10.1042/cs20171373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease remains a major medical and socioeconomic burden in developed and developing societies, and will increase with an aging and increasingly sedentary society. Vascular disease and atherosclerotic vascular syndromes are essentially inflammatory disorders, and transcriptional and post-transcriptional processes play essential roles in the ability of resident vascular and inflammatory cells to adapt to environmental stimuli. The regulation of mRNA translocation, stability, and translation are key processes of post-transcriptional regulation that permit these cells to rapidly respond to inflammatory stimuli. For the most part, these processes are controlled by elements in the 3'-UTR of labile, proinflammatory transcripts. Since proinflammatory transcripts almost exclusively contain AU-rich elements (AREs), this represents a tightly regulated and specific mechanism for initiation and maintenance of the proinflammatory phenotype. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) recognize cis elements in 3'-UTR, and regulate each of these processes, but there is little literature exploring the concept that RBPs themselves can be directly regulated by inflammatory stimuli. Conceptually, inflammation-responsive RBPs represent an attractive target of rational therapies to combat vascular inflammatory syndromes. Herein we briefly describe the cellular and molecular etiology of atherosclerosis, and summarize our current understanding of RBPs and their specific roles in regulation of inflammatory mRNA stability. We also detail RBPs as targets of current anti-inflammatory modalities and how this may translate into better treatment for vascular inflammatory diseases.
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23
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Ezegbunam W, Foronjy R. Posttranscriptional control of airway inflammation. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2017; 9. [PMID: 29071794 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Acute inflammation in the lungs is a vital protective response, efficiently and swiftly eliminating inciters of tissue injury. However, in respiratory diseases characterized by chronic inflammation, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma, enhanced expression of inflammatory mediators leads to tissue damage and impaired lung function. Although transcription is an essential first step in the induction of proinflammatory genes, tight regulation of inflammation requires more rapid, flexible responses. Increasing evidence shows that such responses are achieved by posttranscriptional mechanisms directly affecting mRNA stability and translation initiation. RNA-binding proteins, microRNAs, and long noncoding RNAs interact with messenger RNA and each other to impact the stability and/or translation of mRNAs implicated in lung inflammation. Recent research has shown that these biological processes play a central role in the pathogenesis of several important pulmonary conditions. This review will highlight several posttranscriptional control mechanisms that influence lung inflammation and the known associations of derangements in these mechanisms with common respiratory diseases. WIREs RNA 2018, 9:e1455. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1455 This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease RNA Structure and Dynamics > Influence of RNA Structure in Biological Systems RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein-RNA Interactions: Functional Implications RNA Turnover and Surveillance > Regulation of RNA Stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Ezegbunam
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine and Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Robert Foronjy
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine and Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
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24
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Abstract
The most effective anti-inflammatory drugs used to treat patients with airways disease are topical glucocorticosteroids (GCs). These act on virtually all cells within the airway to suppress airway inflammation or prevent the recruitment of inflammatory cells into the airway. They also have profound effects on airway structural cells to reverse the effects of disease on their function. Glucorticosteroids act via specific receptors-the glucocorticosteroid receptor (GR)-which are a member of the nuclear receptor family. As such, many of the important actions of GCs are to modulate gene transcription through a number of distinct and complementary mechanisms. Targets genes include most inflammatory mediators such as chemokines, cytokines, growth factors and their receptors. GCs delivered by the inhaled route are very effective for most patients and have few systemic side effects. However, in some patients, even high doses of topical or even systemic GCs fail to control their disease. A number of mechanisms relating to inflammation have been reported to be responsible for the failure of these patients to respond correctly to GCs and these provide insight into GC actions within the airways. In these patients, the side-effect profile of GCs prevent continued use of high doses and new drugs are needed for these patients. Targeting the defective pathways associated with GC function in these patients may also reactivate GC responsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian M Adcock
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Dovehouse Street, London, SW3 6LY, UK.
| | - Sharon Mumby
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Dovehouse Street, London, SW3 6LY, UK
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25
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Nine differentially expressed genes from a post mortem study and their association with suicidal status in a sample of suicide completers, attempters and controls. J Psychiatr Res 2017; 91:98-104. [PMID: 28327445 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2017.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Several lines of evidence indicate that suicidal behaviour is partly heritable, with multiple genes implicated in its aetiology. We focused on nine genes (S100A13, EFEMP1, PCDHB5, PDGFRB, CDCA7L, SCN2B, PTPRR, MLC1 and ZFP36) which we previously detected as differentially expressed in the cortex of suicide victims compared to controls. We investigated 84 variants within these genes in 495 suicidal subjects (299 completers and 196 attempters) and 1513 controls (109 post-mortem and 1404 healthy). We evaluated associations with: 1) suicidal phenotype; 2) possible endophenotypes for suicidal behaviour. Overall positive results did not survive the correction threshold. However, we found a nominally different distribution of EFEMP1 genotypes, alleles and haplotypes between suicidal subjects and controls, results that were partially replicated when we separately considered the subgroup of suicide completers and post-mortem controls. A weaker association emerged also for PTPRR. Both EFEMP1 and PTPRR genes were also related to possible endophenotypes for suicidal behaviour such as anger, depression-anxiety and fatigue. Because of the large number of analyses performed and the low significance values further replication are mandatory. Nevertheless, neurotrophic gene variants, in particular EFEMP1 and PTPRR, may have a role in the pathogenesis of suicidal behaviour.
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26
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Andrianne M, Assabban A, La C, Mogilenko D, Salle DS, Fleury S, Doumont G, Van Simaeys G, Nedospasov SA, Blackshear PJ, Dombrowicz D, Goriely S, Van Maele L. Tristetraprolin expression by keratinocytes controls local and systemic inflammation. JCI Insight 2017; 2:92979. [PMID: 28570274 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.92979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tristetraprolin (TTP, encoded by the Zfp36 gene) regulates the mRNA stability of several important cytokines. Due to the critical role of this RNA-binding protein in the control of inflammation, TTP deficiency leads to the spontaneous development of a complex inflammatory syndrome. So far, this phenotype has been largely attributed to dysregulated production of TNF and IL‑23 by myeloid cells, such as macrophages or DCs. Here, we generated mice with conditional deletion of TTP in keratinocytes (Zfp36fl/flK14-Cre mice, referred to herein as Zfp36ΔEP mice). Unlike DC-restricted (CD11c-Cre) or myeloid cell-restricted (LysM-Cre) TTP ablation, these mice developed exacerbated inflammation in the imiquimod-induced psoriasis model. Furthermore, Zfp36ΔEP mice progressively developed a spontaneous pathology with systemic inflammation, psoriatic-like skin lesions, and dactylitis. Finally, we provide evidence that keratinocyte-derived TNF production drives these different pathological features. In summary, these findings expand current views on the initiation of psoriasis and related arthritis by revealing the keratinocyte-intrinsic role of TTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Andrianne
- Walloon Excellence in Lifesciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO) and Institute for Medical Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Assiya Assabban
- Walloon Excellence in Lifesciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO) and Institute for Medical Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caroline La
- Walloon Excellence in Lifesciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO) and Institute for Medical Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Denis Mogilenko
- Université de Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | | | - Sébastien Fleury
- Université de Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Gilles Doumont
- Centre of Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), ULB, Charleroi (Gosselies), Belgium
| | - Gaëtan Van Simaeys
- Centre of Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), ULB, Charleroi (Gosselies), Belgium.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hôpital Erasme, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sergei A Nedospasov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences and Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Perry J Blackshear
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.,Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - David Dombrowicz
- Université de Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Stanislas Goriely
- Walloon Excellence in Lifesciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO) and Institute for Medical Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurye Van Maele
- Walloon Excellence in Lifesciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO) and Institute for Medical Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
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27
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Xu L, Ning H, Gu L, Wang Q, Lu W, Peng H, Cui W, Ying B, Ross CR, Wilson GM, Wei L, Wold WSM, Liu J. Tristetraprolin induces cell cycle arrest in breast tumor cells through targeting AP-1/c-Jun and NF-κB pathway. Oncotarget 2016; 6:41679-91. [PMID: 26497679 PMCID: PMC4747181 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The main characteristic of cancers, including breast cancer, is the ability of cancer cells to proliferate uncontrollably. However, the underlying mechanisms of cancer cell proliferation, especially those regulated by the RNA binding protein tristetraprolin (TTP), are not completely understood. In this study, we found that TTP inhibits cell proliferation in vitro and suppresses tumor growth in vivo through inducing cell cycle arrest at the S phase. Our studies demonstrate that TTP inhibits c-Jun expression through the C-terminal Zn finger and therefore increases Wee1 expression, a regulatory molecule which controls cell cycle transition from the S to the G2 phase. In contrast to the well-known function of TTP in regulating mRNA stability, TTP inhibits c-Jun expression at the level of transcription by selectively blocking NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation. Reconstitution of NF-κB p65 completely abolishes the inhibition of c-Jun transcription by TTP. Moreover, reconstitution of c-Jun in TTP-expressing breast tumor cells diminishes Wee1 overexpression and promotes cell proliferation. Our results indicate that TTP suppresses c-Jun expression that results in Wee1 induction which causes cell cycle arrest at the S phase and inhibition of cell proliferation. Our study provides a new pathway for TTP function as a tumor suppressor which could be targeted in tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Huan Ning
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ling Gu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Qinghong Wang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Wenbao Lu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Hui Peng
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Weiguang Cui
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Baoling Ying
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Christina R Ross
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gerald M Wilson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lin Wei
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - William S M Wold
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jianguo Liu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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28
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Pelaia G, Vatrella A, Busceti MT, Fabiano F, Terracciano R, Matera MG, Maselli R. Molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of budesonide in asthma. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2016; 40:15-21. [PMID: 27381656 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inhaled glucocorticoids are the mainstay of asthma treatment. Indeed, such therapeutic agents effectively interfere with many pathogenic circuits underpinning asthma. Among these drugs, during the last decades budesonide has been probably the most used molecule in both experimental studies and clinical practice. Therefore, a large body of evidence clearly shows that budesonide, either alone or in combination with long-acting bronchodilators, provides a successful control of asthma in many patients ranging throughout the overall spectrum of disease severity. These excellent therapeutic properties of budesonide basically depend on its molecular mechanisms of action, capable of inhibiting within the airways the activity of multiple immune-inflammatory and structural cells involved in asthma pathobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girolamo Pelaia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Section of Respiratory Diseases, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Vatrella
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Respiratory Diseases, University of Salerno, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Busceti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Section of Respiratory Diseases, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Fabiano
- Pulmonary Rehabilitation, "Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi", Milan, Italy
| | - Rosa Terracciano
- Department of Health Science, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Gabriella Matera
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Unit of Pharmacology, Second University of Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario Maselli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Section of Respiratory Diseases, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Italy
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29
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Nowotarski SL, Origanti S, Sass-Kuhn S, Shantz LM. Destabilization of the ornithine decarboxylase mRNA transcript by the RNA-binding protein tristetraprolin. Amino Acids 2016; 48:2303-11. [PMID: 27193233 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-016-2261-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) is the first and usually rate-limiting enzyme in the polyamine biosynthetic pathway. In a normal physiological state, ODC is tightly regulated. However, during neoplastic transformation, ODC expression becomes upregulated. The studies described here show that the ODC mRNA transcript is destabilized by the RNA-binding protein tristetraprolin (TTP). We show that TTP is able to bind to the ODC mRNA transcript in both non-transformed RIE-1 cells and transformed Ras12V cells. Moreover, using mouse embryonic fibroblast cell lines that are devoid of a functional TTP protein, we demonstrate that in the absence of TTP both ODC mRNA stability and ODC enzyme activity increase when compared to wild-type cells. Finally, we show that the ODC 3' untranslated region contains cis acting destabilizing elements that are affected by, but not solely dependent on, TTP expression. Together, these data support the hypothesis that TTP plays a role in the post-transcriptional regulation of the ODC mRNA transcript.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon L Nowotarski
- Division of Science, The Pennsylvania State University Berks Campus, Reading, PA, 19610, USA.
| | - Sofia Origanti
- Department of Biological Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Suzanne Sass-Kuhn
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Lisa M Shantz
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
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30
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Corbera-Bellalta M, Planas-Rigol E, Lozano E, Terrades-García N, Alba MA, Prieto-González S, García-Martínez A, Albero R, Enjuanes A, Espígol-Frigolé G, Hernández-Rodríguez J, Roux-Lombard P, Ferlin WG, Dayer JM, Kosco-Vilbois MH, Cid MC. Blocking interferon γ reduces expression of chemokines CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11 and decreases macrophage infiltration in ex vivo cultured arteries from patients with giant cell arteritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2015; 75:1177-86. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-208371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BackgroundInterferon γ (IFNγ) is considered a seminal cytokine in the pathogenesis of giant cell arteritis (GCA), but its functional role has not been investigated. We explored changes in infiltrating cells and biomarkers elicited by blocking IFNγ with a neutralising monoclonal antibody, A6, in temporal arteries from patients with GCA.MethodsTemporal arteries from 34 patients with GCA (positive histology) and 21 controls were cultured on 3D matrix (Matrigel) and exposed to A6 or recombinant IFNγ. Changes in gene/protein expression were measured by qRT-PCR/western blot or immunoassay. Changes in infiltrating cells were assessed by immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence. Chemotaxis/adhesion assays were performed with temporal artery-derived vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).ResultsBlocking endogenous IFNγ with A6 abrogated STAT-1 phosphorylation in cultured GCA arteries. Furthermore, selective reduction in CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11 chemokine expression was observed along with reduction in infiltrating CD68 macrophages. Adding IFNγ elicited consistent opposite effects. IFNγ induced CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, CCL2 and intracellular adhesion molecule-1 expression by cultured VSMC, resulting in increased PBMC chemotaxis/adhesion. Spontaneous expression of chemokines was higher in VSMC isolated from GCA-involved arteries than in those obtained from controls. Incubation of IFNγ-treated control arteries with PBMC resulted in adhesion/infiltration by CD68 macrophages, which did not occur in untreated arteries.ConclusionsOur ex vivo system suggests that IFNγ may play an important role in the recruitment of macrophages in GCA by inducing production of specific chemokines and adhesion molecules. Vascular wall components (ie, VSMC) are mediators of these functions and may facilitate progression of inflammatory infiltrates through the vessel wall.
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Shah S, Mostafa MM, McWhae A, Traves SL, Newton R. Negative Feed-forward Control of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) by Tristetraprolin (ZFP36) Is Limited by the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Phosphatase, Dual-specificity Phosphatase 1 (DUSP1): IMPLICATIONS FOR REGULATION BY GLUCOCORTICOIDS. J Biol Chem 2015; 291:110-25. [PMID: 26546680 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.697599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
TNF is central to inflammation and may play a role in the pathogenesis of asthma. The 3'-untranslated region of the TNF transcript contains AU-rich elements (AREs) that are targeted by the RNA-binding protein, tristetraprolin (also known as zinc finger protein 36 (ZFP36)), which is itself up-regulated by inflammatory stimuli, to promote mRNA degradation. Using primary human bronchial epithelial and pulmonary epithelial A549 cells, we confirm that interleukin-1β (IL1B) induces expression of dual-specificity phosphatase 1 (DUSP1), ZFP36, and TNF. Whereas IL1B-induced DUSP1 is involved in feedback control of MAPK pathways, ZFP36 exerts negative (incoherent) feed-forward control of TNF mRNA and protein expression. DUSP1 silencing increased IL1B-induced ZFP36 expression at 2 h and profoundly repressed TNF mRNA at 6 h. This was partly due to increased TNF mRNA degradation, an effect that was reduced by ZFP36 silencing. This confirms a regulatory network, whereby DUSP1-dependent negative feedback control reduces feed-forward control by ZFP36. Conversely, whereas DUSP1 overexpression and inhibition of MAPKs prevented IL1B-induced expression of ZFP36, this was associated with increased TNF mRNA expression at 6 h, an effect that was predominantly due to elevated transcription. This points to MAPK-dependent feed-forward control of TNF involving ZFP36-dependent and -independent mechanisms. In terms of repression by dexamethasone, neither silencing of DUSP1, silencing of ZFP36, nor silencing of both together prevented the repression of IL1B-induced TNF expression, thereby demonstrating the need for further repressive mechanisms by anti-inflammatory glucocorticoids. In summary, these data illustrate why understanding the competing effects of feedback and feed-forward control is relevant to the development of novel anti-inflammatory therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suharsh Shah
- From the Airways Inflammation Research Group, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - Mahmoud M Mostafa
- From the Airways Inflammation Research Group, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - Andrew McWhae
- From the Airways Inflammation Research Group, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - Suzanne L Traves
- From the Airways Inflammation Research Group, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - Robert Newton
- From the Airways Inflammation Research Group, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4Z6, Canada
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Sustained interleukin-1β exposure modulates multiple steps in glucocorticoid receptor signaling, promoting split-resistance to the transactivation of prominent anti-inflammatory genes by glucocorticoids. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:347965. [PMID: 25977599 PMCID: PMC4421076 DOI: 10.1155/2015/347965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Revised: 02/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical treatment with glucocorticoids (GC) can be complicated by cytokine-induced glucocorticoid low-responsiveness (GC-resistance, GCR), a condition associated with a homogeneous reduction in the expression of GC-receptor- (GR-) driven anti-inflammatory genes. However, GR level and phosphorylation changes modify the expression of individual GR-responsive genes differently. As sustained IL-1β exposure is key in the pathogenesis of several major diseases with prevalent GCR, we examined GR signaling and the mRNA expression of six GR-driven genes in cells cultured in IL-1β and afterwards challenged with GC. After a GC challenge, sustained IL-1β exposure reduced the cytoplasmic GR level, GR(Ser203) and GR(Ser211) phosphorylation, and GR nuclear translocation and led to selective GCR in the expression of the studied genes. Compared to GC alone, in a broad range of GC doses plus sustained IL-1β, FKBP51 mRNA expression was reduced by 1/3, TTP by 2/3, and IRF8 was completely knocked down. In contrast, high GC doses did not change the expression of GILZ and DUSP1, while IGFBP1 was increased by 5-fold. These effects were cytokine-selective, IL-1β dose- and IL-1R1-dependent. The integrated gain and loss of gene functions in the "split GCR" model may provide target cells with a survival advantage by conferring resistance to apoptosis, chemotherapy, and GC.
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Panganiban RP, Vonakis BM, Ishmael FT, Stellato C. Coordinated post-transcriptional regulation of the chemokine system: messages from CCL2. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2015; 34:255-66. [PMID: 24697203 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2013.0149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular cross-talk between epithelium and immune cells in the airway mucosa is a key regulator of homeostatic immune surveillance and is crucially involved in the development of chronic lung inflammatory diseases. The patterns of gene expression that follow the sensitization process occurring in allergic asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis and those present in the neutrophilic response of other chronic inflammatory lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are tightly regulated in their specificity. Studies exploring the global transcript profiles associated with determinants of post-transcriptional gene regulation (PTR) such as RNA-binding proteins (RBP) and microRNAs identified several of these factors as being crucially involved in controlling the expression of chemokines upon airway epithelial cell stimulation with cytokines prototypic of Th1- or Th2-driven responses. These studies also uncovered the participation of these pathways to glucocorticoids' inhibitory effect on the epithelial chemokine network. Unmasking the molecular mechanisms of chemokine PTR may likely uncover novel therapeutic strategies for the blockade of proinflammatory pathways that are pathogenetic for asthma, COPD, and other lung inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronaldo P Panganiban
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine , Hershey, Pennsylvania
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Kumar A, Varendi K, Peränen J, Andressoo JO. Tristetraprolin is a novel regulator of BDNF. SPRINGERPLUS 2014; 3:502. [PMID: 25279294 PMCID: PMC4164675 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-3-502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) regulates multiple biological processes ranging from central nervous system development and function to neuroinflammation and myogenic differentiation and repair. While coordination of BDNF levels is central in determining the biological outcome, mechanisms involved in controlling BDNF levels are not fully understood. Here we find that both short (BDNF-S) and long (BDNF-L) BDNF 3’UTR isoforms contain conserved adenylate- and uridylate rich elements (AREs) that may serve as binding sites for RNA-binding proteins (ARE-BPs). We demonstrate that ARE-BPs tristetraprolin (TTP) and its family members butyrate response factor 1 (BRF1) and 2 (BRF2) negatively regulate expression from both BDNF-S and BDNF-L containing transcripts in several cell-lines and that interaction between TTP and AU-rich region in proximal 5’ end of BDNF 3’UTR is direct. In line with the above, endogenous BDNF mRNA co-immunoprecipitates with endogenous TTP in differentiated mouse myoblast C2C12 cells and TTP overexpression destabilizes BDNF-S containing transcript. Finally, RNAi-mediated knock-down of TTP increases the levels of endogenous BDNF protein in C2C12 cells. Our findings uncover TTP as a novel regulator of BDNF assisting future studies in different physiological and pathological contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anmol Kumar
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014 Finland
| | - Kärt Varendi
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014 Finland
| | - Johan Peränen
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014 Finland
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Zekavati A, Nasir A, Alcaraz A, Aldrovandi M, Marsh P, Norton JD, Murphy JJ. Post-transcriptional regulation of BCL2 mRNA by the RNA-binding protein ZFP36L1 in malignant B cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102625. [PMID: 25014217 PMCID: PMC4094554 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The human ZFP36 zinc finger protein family consists of ZFP36, ZFP36L1, and ZFP36L2. These proteins regulate various cellular processes, including cell apoptosis, by binding to adenine uridine rich elements in the 3' untranslated regions of sets of target mRNAs to promote their degradation. The pro-apoptotic and other functions of ZFP36 family members have been implicated in the pathogenesis of lymphoid malignancies. To identify candidate mRNAs that are targeted in the pro-apoptotic response by ZFP36L1, we reverse-engineered a gene regulatory network for all three ZFP36 family members using the 'maximum information coefficient' (MIC) for target gene inference on a large microarray gene expression dataset representing cells of diverse histological origin. Of the three inferred ZFP36L1 mRNA targets that were identified, we focussed on experimental validation of mRNA for the pro-survival protein, BCL2, as a target for ZFP36L1. RNA electrophoretic mobility shift assay experiments revealed that ZFP36L1 interacted with the BCL2 adenine uridine rich element. In murine BCL1 leukemia cells stably transduced with a ZFP36L1 ShRNA lentiviral construct, BCL2 mRNA degradation was significantly delayed compared to control lentiviral expressing cells and ZFP36L1 knockdown in different cell types (BCL1, ACHN, Ramos), resulted in increased levels of BCL2 mRNA levels compared to control cells. 3' untranslated region luciferase reporter assays in HEK293T cells showed that wild type but not zinc finger mutant ZFP36L1 protein was able to downregulate a BCL2 construct containing the BCL2 adenine uridine rich element and removal of the adenine uridine rich core from the BCL2 3' untranslated region in the reporter construct significantly reduced the ability of ZFP36L1 to mediate this effect. Taken together, our data are consistent with ZFP36L1 interacting with and mediating degradation of BCL2 mRNA as an important target through which ZFP36L1 mediates its pro-apoptotic effects in malignant B-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zekavati
- Division of Immunology, Infection and Inflammatory Disease, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Asghar Nasir
- Division of Immunology, Infection and Inflammatory Disease, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Amor Alcaraz
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maceler Aldrovandi
- Division of Immunology, Infection and Inflammatory Disease, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Phil Marsh
- Division of Endocrinology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - John D. Norton
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, Essex, United Kingdom
| | - John J. Murphy
- Division of Immunology, Infection and Inflammatory Disease, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Bollmann F, Wu Z, Oelze M, Siuda D, Xia N, Henke J, Daiber A, Li H, Stumpo DJ, Blackshear PJ, Kleinert H, Pautz A. Endothelial dysfunction in tristetraprolin-deficient mice is not caused by enhanced tumor necrosis factor-α expression. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:15653-65. [PMID: 24727475 PMCID: PMC4140920 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.566984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular events are important co-morbidities in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis. Tristetraprolin (TTP) regulates pro-inflammatory processes through mRNA destabilization and therefore TTP-deficient mice (TTP(-/-) mice) develop a chronic inflammation resembling human rheumatoid arthritis. We used this mouse model to evaluate molecular signaling pathways contributing to the enhanced atherosclerotic risk in chronic inflammatory diseases. In the aorta of TTP(-/-) mice we observed elevated mRNA expression of known TTP targets like tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and macrophage inflammatory protein-1α, as well as of other pro-atherosclerotic mediators, like Calgranulin A, Cathepsin S, and Osteopontin. Independent of cholesterol levels TTP(-/-) mice showed a significant reduction of acetylcholine-induced, nitric oxide-mediated vasorelaxation. The endothelial dysfunction in TTP(-/-) mice was associated with increased levels of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), indicating an enhanced nitric oxide inactivation by RONS in the TTP(-/-) animals. The altered RONS generation correlates with increased expression of NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2) resulting from enhanced Nox2 mRNA stability. Although TNF-α is believed to be a central mediator of inflammation-driven atherosclerosis, genetic inactivation of TNF-α neither improved endothelial function nor normalized Nox2 expression or RONS production in TTP(-/-) animals. Systemic inflammation caused by TTP deficiency leads to endothelial dysfunction. This process is independent of cholesterol and not mediated by TNF-α solely. Thus, other mediators, which need to be identified, contribute to enhanced cardiovascular risk in chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Bollmann
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, and
| | | | - Matthias Oelze
- 2nd Medical Clinic, Molecular Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany and
| | - Daniel Siuda
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, and
| | - Ning Xia
- From the Department of Pharmacology
| | | | - Andreas Daiber
- 2nd Medical Clinic, Molecular Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany and
| | - Huige Li
- From the Department of Pharmacology
| | - Deborah J Stumpo
- the Laboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Perry J Blackshear
- the Laboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
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Giembycz MA, Newton R. How Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitors Work in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease of the Severe, Bronchitic, Frequent Exacerbator Phenotype. Clin Chest Med 2014; 35:203-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccm.2013.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Kupfer SS, Maranville JC, Baxter SS, Huang Y, Rienzo AD. Comparison of cellular and transcriptional responses to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3 and glucocorticoids in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76643. [PMID: 24116131 PMCID: PMC3792986 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GC) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2 D3) are steroid hormones with anti-inflammatory properties with enhanced effects when combined. We previously showed that transcriptional response to GCs was correlated with inter-individual and inter-ethnic cellular response. Here, we profiled cellular and transcriptional responses to 1,25(OH)2 D3 from the same donors. We studied cellular response to combined treatment with GCs and 1,25(OH)2 D3 in a subset of individuals least responsive to GCs. We found that combination treatment had significantly greater inhibition of proliferation than with either steroid hormone alone. Overlapping differentially expressed (DE) genes between the two hormones were enriched for adaptive and innate immune processes. Non-overlapping differentially expressed genes with 1,25(OH)2 D3 treatment were enriched for pathways involving the electron transport chain, while with GC treatment, non-overlapping genes were enriched for RNA-related processes. These results suggest that 1,25(OH)2 D3 enhances GC anti-inflammatory properties through a number of shared and non-shared transcriptionally-mediated pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia S. Kupfer
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Joseph C. Maranville
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Shaneen S. Baxter
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Yong Huang
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Anna Di Rienzo
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- *E-mail:
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Greer S, Page CW, Joshi T, Yan D, Newton R, Giembycz MA. Concurrent agonism of adenosine A2B and glucocorticoid receptors in human airway epithelial cells cooperatively induces genes with anti-inflammatory potential: a novel approach to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2013; 346:473-85. [PMID: 23820127 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.113.206284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a neutrophilic inflammatory disorder that is weakly responsive to glucocorticoids. Identification of ways to enhance the anti-inflammatory activity of glucocorticoids is, therefore, a major research objective. Adenosine receptor agonists that target the A2B-receptor subtype are efficacious in several cell-based assays and preclinical models of inflammation. Accordingly, the present study was designed to determine if a selective A2B-receptor agonist, 2-[6-amino-3,5-dicyano-4-[4-(cyclopropylmethoxy)phenyl]pyridin-2-ylsulphanyl]acetamide (Bay 60-6583), and a glucocorticoid, dexamethasone, in combination display putative anti-inflammatory activity that is superior to either drug alone. In BEAS-2B human airway epithelial cells stably transfected with cAMP-response element (CRE) and glucocorticoid response element (GRE) reporter constructs, Bay 60-6583 promoted CRE-dependent transcription and enhanced GRE-dependent transcription by an adenosine A2B-receptor-mediated mechanism that was associated with cAMP formation and abolished by an inhibitor of cAMP-dependent protein kinase. Analysis of the concentration-response relationship that described the enhancement of GRE-dependent transcription showed that Bay 60-6583 increased the magnitude of response without affecting the potency of dexamethasone. Bay 60-6583 and dexamethasone also induced a panel of genes that, collectively, could have benefit in COPD. These were categorized into genes that were induced in a positive cooperative manner (RGS2, p57(kip2)), an additive manner (TTP, BRL-1), or by Bay 60-6583 (CD200, CRISPLD2, SOCS3) or dexamethasone (GILZ) only. Thus, the gene induction "fingerprints" produced by Bay 60-6583 and dexamethasone, alone and in combination, were distinct. Collectively, through their actions on gene expression, an adenosine A2B-receptor agonist and a glucocorticoid administered together may have utility in the treatment of inflammatory disorders that respond suboptimally to glucocorticoids as a monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Greer
- Airways Inflammation Research Group, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Newton R. Anti-inflammatory glucocorticoids: changing concepts. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 724:231-6. [PMID: 23747654 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Despite being the most effective anti-inflammatory treatment for chronic inflammatory diseases, the mechanisms by which glucocorticoids (corticosteroids) effect repression of inflammatory gene expression remain incompletely understood. Direct interaction of the glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1) with inflammatory transcription factors to repress transcriptional activity, i.e. transrepression, represents one mechanism of action. However, transcriptional activation, or transactivation, by NR3C1 also represents an important mechanism of glucocorticoid action. Glucocorticoids rapidly and profoundly increase expression of multiple genes, many with properties consistent with the repression of inflammatory gene expression. For example: the dual specificity phosphatase, DUSP1, reduces activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases; glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (TSC22D3) represses nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and activator protein 1 (AP-1) transcriptional responses; inhibitor of κBα (NFKBIA) inhibits NF-κB; tristraprolin (ZFP36) destabilises and translationally represses inflammatory mRNAs; CDKN1C, a cell cycle regulator, may attenuate JUN N-terminal kinase signalling; and regulator of G-protein signalling 2 (RGS2), by reducing signalling from Gαq-linked G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), is bronchoprotective. While glucocorticoid-dependent transrepression can co-exist with transactivation, transactivation may account for the greatest level and most potent repression of inflammatory genes. Equally, NR3C1 transactivation is enhanced by β2-adrenoceptor agonists and may explain the enhanced clinical efficacy of β2-adrenoceptor/glucocorticoid combination therapies in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Finally, NR3C1 transactivation is reduced by inflammatory stimuli, including respiratory syncytial virus and human rhinovirus. This provides an explanation for glucocorticoid resistance. Continuing efforts to understand roles for glucocorticoid-dependent transactivation will provide opportunities to improve glucocorticoid therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Newton
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Airways Inflammation Research Group, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1.
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Brooks SA, Blackshear PJ. Tristetraprolin (TTP): interactions with mRNA and proteins, and current thoughts on mechanisms of action. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2013; 1829:666-79. [PMID: 23428348 PMCID: PMC3752887 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2013.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2012] [Revised: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Changes in mRNA stability and translation are critical control points in the regulation of gene expression, particularly genes encoding growth factors, inflammatory mediators, and proto-oncogenes. Adenosine and uridine (AU)-rich elements (ARE), often located in the 3' untranslated regions (3'UTR) of mRNAs, are known to target transcripts for rapid decay. They are also involved in the regulation of mRNA stability and translation in response to extracellular cues. This review focuses on one of the best characterized ARE binding proteins, tristetraprolin (TTP), the founding member of a small family of CCCH tandem zinc finger proteins. In this survey, we have reviewed the current status of TTP interactions with mRNA and proteins, and discussed current thinking about TTP's mechanism of action to promote mRNA decay. We also review the proposed regulation of TTP's functions by phosphorylation. Finally, we have discussed emerging evidence for TTP operating as a translational regulator. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: RNA Decay mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth A. Brooks
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, White River Junction, Vermont, USA
- Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Perry J. Blackshear
- The Laboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
- Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina USA
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Kasza A. Signal-dependent Elk-1 target genes involved in transcript processing and cell migration. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2013; 1829:1026-33. [PMID: 23711433 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2013.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Revised: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Elk-1 was regarded as a transcription factor engaged mainly in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, and survival. Recent findings show the engagement of Elk-1 in the control of expression of genes encoding proteins involved in transcript turnover, such as MCPIP1/ZC3H12A and tristetraprolin (TTP/ZFP36). Thus, Elk-1 plays an important role in the control of gene expression not only through the stimulation of expression of transcription factors, but also through regulation of transcript half-live. Moreover, Elk-1 is engaged in the regulation of expression of genes encoding proteins that control proteolytic activity, such as inhibitor of plasminogen activator-1 (PAI-1) and metalloproteinases-2 and -9 (MMP-2 and MMP-9). This review summarizes the biological roles of proteins with expression regulated by Elk-1, involved in transcripts turnover or in cell migration. The broad range of function of these proteins illustrates the complex role of Elk-1 in the regulation of cancer and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Kasza
- Department of Cell Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland.
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Vandevyver S, Dejager L, Tuckermann J, Libert C. New insights into the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of glucocorticoids: an emerging role for glucocorticoid-receptor-mediated transactivation. Endocrinology 2013; 154:993-1007. [PMID: 23384835 DOI: 10.1210/en.2012-2045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are anti-inflammatory drugs that are widely used for the treatment of numerous (autoimmune) inflammatory diseases. They exert their actions by binding to the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), a member of the nuclear receptor family of transcription factors. Upon ligand binding, the GR translocates to the nucleus, where it acts either as a homodimeric transcription factor that binds glucocorticoid response elements (GREs) in promoter regions of glucocorticoid (GC)-inducible genes, or as a monomeric protein that cooperates with other transcription factors to affect transcription. For decades, it has generally been believed that the undesirable side effects of GC therapy are induced by dimer-mediated transactivation, whereas its beneficial anti-inflammatory effects are mainly due to the monomer-mediated transrepressive actions of GR. Therefore, current research is focused on the development of dissociated compounds that exert only the GR monomer-dependent actions. However, many recent reports undermine this dogma by clearly showing that GR dimer-dependent transactivation is essential in the anti-inflammatory activities of GR. Many of these studies used GR(dim/dim) mutant mice, which show reduced GR dimerization and hence cannot control inflammation in several disease models. Here, we review the importance of GR dimers in the anti-inflammatory actions of GCs/GR, and hence we question the central dogma. We summarize the contribution of various GR dimer-inducible anti-inflammatory genes and question the use of selective GR agonists as therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Vandevyver
- VIB-Department for Molecular Biomedical Research /Ugent, Technologiepark 927, Zwijnaarde 9052, Belgium
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Silwal P, Lee MN, Lee CJ, Hong JH, Namgung U, Lee ZW, Kim J, Lim K, Kweon GR, Park JI, Park SK. Dexamethasone Induces FcγRIIb Expression in RBL-2H3 Cells. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2012; 16:393-8. [PMID: 23269901 PMCID: PMC3526743 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2012.16.6.393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2012] [Revised: 10/17/2012] [Accepted: 11/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Mast cells are involved in allergic responses, protection against pathogens and autoimmune diseases. Dexamethasone (Dex) and other glucocorticoids suppress FcεRI-mediated release of inflammatory mediators from mast cells. The inhibition mechanisms were mainly investigated on the downstream signaling of Fc receptor activations. Here, we addressed the effects of Dex on Fc receptor expressions in rat mast cell line RBL-2H3. We measured mRNA levels of Fc receptors by real-time PCR. As expected, Dex decreased the mRNA levels of activating Fc receptor for IgE (FcεR) I and increased the mRNA levels of the inhibitory Fc receptor for IgG FcγRIIb. Interestingly, Dex stimulated transcriptions of other activating receptors such as Fc receptors for IgG (FcγR) I and FcγRIII. To investigate the mechanisms underlying transcriptional regulation, we employed a transcription inhibitor actinomycin D and a translation inhibitor cycloheximide. The inhibition of protein synthesis without Dex treatment enhanced FcγRI and FcγRIII mRNA levels potently, while FcεRI and FcγRIIb were minimally affected. Next, we examined expressions of the Fc receptors on cell surfaces by the flow cytometric method. Only FcγRIIb protein expression was significantly enhanced by Dex treatment, while FcγRI, FcγRIII and FcεRI expression levels were marginally changed. Our data showed, for the first time, that Dex regulates Fc receptor expressions resulting in augmentation of the inhibitory receptor FcγRIIb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanta Silwal
- Research Institute for Medical Sciences and Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 301-747, Korea
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Roff AN, Panganiban RP, Bond JS, Ishmael FT. Post-transcriptional regulation of meprin α by the RNA-binding proteins Hu antigen R (HuR) and tristetraprolin (TTP). J Biol Chem 2012; 288:4733-43. [PMID: 23269677 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.444208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Meprins are multimeric proteases that are implicated in inflammatory bowel disease by both genetic association studies and functional studies in knock-out mice. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease show decreased colonic expression of meprin α, although regulation of expression, particularly under inflammatory stimuli, has not been studied. The studies herein demonstrate that the human meprin α transcript is bound and stabilized by Hu antigen R at baseline, and that treatment with the inflammatory stimulus phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate downregulates meprin α expression by inducing tristetraprolin. The enhanced binding of tristetraprolin to the MEP1A 3'-UTR results in destabilization of the transcript and occurs at a discrete site from Hu antigen R. This is the first report to describe a mechanism for post-transcriptional regulation of meprin α and will help clarify the role of meprins in the inflammatory response and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alanna N Roff
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, USA
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Panganiban RPL, Pinkerton MH, Maru SY, Jefferson SJ, Roff AN, Ishmael FT. Differential microRNA epression in asthma and the role of miR-1248 in regulation of IL-5. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 1:154-165. [PMID: 23885321 PMCID: PMC3714196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Accepted: 11/07/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease that can be difficult to manage due to a lack of diagnostic biomarkers and an incomplete understanding of the molecular pathogenesis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, single-stranded, non-coding RNAs with increasing importance in regulation of immune function and as biomarkers. We profiled miRNAs in the serum of asthmatics and non-asthmatic controls to identify miRNAs that could serve as diagnostic markers and potential regulators of allergic inflammation. Differential expression of miR-1248, miR-26a, Let-7a, and Let-7d were observed in asthmatic patients compared to controls. Predictive algorithm analyses of these miRNAs revealed their specificity for different Th2 cytokines, including IL-5, which has not previously been shown to be post-transcriptionally regulated. Using multiple approaches, we showed that miR-1248 physically interacts with the IL-5 transcript in the 3' untranslated region and serves as a positive regulator to increase IL-5 expression. Collectively, our results demonstrate a previously uncharacterized mode of regulation of IL-5 expression and potential use for miRNAs in the diagnosis and clinical management of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronaldo Paolo L Panganiban
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Section of Allergy and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Dr.Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Mark H Pinkerton
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Section of Allergy and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Dr.Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Saumya Y Maru
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Section of Allergy and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Dr.Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Sarah J Jefferson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Section of Allergy and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Dr.Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Alanna N Roff
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Section of Allergy and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Dr.Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Faoud T Ishmael
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Section of Allergy and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Dr.Hershey, PA 17033, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Dr.Hershey, PA 17033, USA
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Wickenheisser JK, Biegler JM, Nelson-DeGrave VL, Legro RS, Strauss JF, McAllister JM. Cholesterol side-chain cleavage gene expression in theca cells: augmented transcriptional regulation and mRNA stability in polycystic ovary syndrome. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48963. [PMID: 23155436 PMCID: PMC3498373 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperandrogenism is characteristic of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Ovarian theca cells isolated from PCOS follicles and maintained in long-term culture produce elevated levels of progestins and androgens compared to normal theca cells. Augmented steroid production in PCOS theca cells is associated with changes in the expression of genes for several steroidogenic enzymes, including CYP11A1, which encodes cytochrome P450 cholesterol side-chain cleavage. Here, we further examined CYP11A1 gene expression, at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional level in normal and PCOS theca cells propagated in long-term culture utilizing quantitative RT-PCR, functional promoter analyses, and mRNA degradation studies. The minimal element(s) that conferred increased basal and cAMP-dependent CYP11A1 promoter function were determined. CYP11A1 mRNA half-life in normal and PCOS theca cells was compared. Results of these cumulative studies showed that basal and forskolin stimulated steady state CYP11A1 mRNA abundance and CYP11A1 promoter activity were increased in PCOS theca cells. Deletion analysis of the CYP11A1 promoter demonstrated that augmented promoter function in PCOS theca cells results from increased basal regulation conferred by a minimal sequence between -160 and -90 bp of the transcriptional start site. The transcription factor, nuclear factor 1C2, was observed to regulate basal activity of this minimal CYP11A1 element. Examination of mRNA stability in normal and PCOS theca cells demonstrated that CYP11A1 mRNA half-life increased >2-fold, from approximately 9.22+/-1.62 h in normal cells, to 22.38+/-0.92 h in PCOS cells. Forskolin treatment did not prolong CYP11A1 mRNA stability in either normal or PCOS theca cells. The 5'-UTR of CYP11A1 mRNA confers increased basal mRNA stability in PCOS cells. In conclusion, these studies show that elevated steady state CYP11A1 mRNA abundance in PCOS cells results from increased transactivation of the CYP11A1 promoter and increased CYP11A1 mRNA stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica K. Wickenheisser
- Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jessica M. Biegler
- Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Velen L. Nelson-DeGrave
- Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Richard S. Legro
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jerome F. Strauss
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Jan M. McAllister
- Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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Chen X, Wei Z, Wang W, Yan R, Xu X, Cai Q. Role of RNA-binding protein tristetraprolin in tumor necrosis factor-α mediated gene expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 428:327-32. [PMID: 22995314 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. Excessive TNF-α expression induces tristetraprolin (TTP), an RNA-binding protein that regulates mRNA degradation, which in turn downregulates TNF and its downstream genes, thus resulting in anti-inflammatory effects. In order to better understand the TNF-α mediated molecular pathways in inflammatory diseases, embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cell lines derived from TTP-deficient (KO) or wild type (WT) mice were treated with TNF-α and gene expression differences between two cell lines were compared by a microarray essay of 9224 genes. We found that TTP-KO cells had higher expression levels of pro-inflammatory genes than TTP-WT cells, and inflammatory genes were differentially regulated by TNF-α between TTP-KO and TTP-WT cells. Through a study of 2-dimentional gene set matrix analysis, we also found the genes upregulated by TNF-α in TTP KO cells were correlated with the pathologic phenotypes in inflammation, joint, or bone diseases. Our study provided a detailed genetic roadmap for further understanding the regulatory effect of TTP in inflammatory pathways related to human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Chen
- Urology Department, Minhang District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Masuda K, Kuwano Y, Nishida K, Rokutan K. General RBP expression in human tissues as a function of age. Ageing Res Rev 2012; 11:423-31. [PMID: 22326651 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2012.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2011] [Revised: 01/09/2012] [Accepted: 01/19/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Gene expression patterns vary dramatically in a tissue-specific and age-dependent manner. RNA-binding proteins that regulate mRNA turnover and/or translation (TTR-RBPs) critically affect the subsets of expressed proteins. Although many proteins implicated in age-related processes are encoded by mRNAs that are targets of TTR-RBPs, very little is known regarding the tissue- and age-dependent expression of TTR-RBPs in humans. Recent analysis of TTR-RBPs expression using human tissue microarray has provided us interesting insight into their possibly physiologic roles as a function of age. This analysis has also revealed striking discrepancies between the levels of TTR-RBPs in senescent human diploid fibroblasts (HDFs), widely used as an in vitro model of aging, and the levels of TTR-RBPs in tissues from individuals of advancing age. In this article, we will review our knowledge of human TTR-RBP expression in different tissues as a function of age.
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50
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Goddio MV, Gattelli A, Slomiansky V, Lacunza E, Gingerich T, Tocci JM, Facchinetti MM, Curino AC, LaMarre J, Abba MC, Kordon EC. Mammary differentiation induces expression of Tristetraprolin, a tumor suppressor AU-rich mRNA-binding protein. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2012; 135:749-58. [PMID: 22968621 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-012-2216-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 08/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Tristetraprolin (TTP) is a RNA-binding protein that inhibits the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and invasiveness-associated genes. TTP levels are decreased in many different cancer types and it has been proposed that this protein could be used as a prognostic factor in breast cancer. Here, using publicly available DNA microarray datasets, "serial analysis of gene expression" libraries and qRT-PCR analysis, we determined that TTP mRNA is present in normal breast cells and its levels are significantly decreased in all breast cancer subtypes. In addition, by immunostaining, we found that TTP expression is higher in normal breast tissue and benign lesions than in infiltrating carcinomas. Among these, lower grade tumors showed increased TTP expression compared to higher grade cancers. Therefore, these data indicate that TTP protein levels would provide a better negative correlation with breast cancer invasiveness than TTP transcript levels. In mice, we found that TTP mRNA and protein expression is also diminished in mammary tumors. Interestingly, a strong positive association of TTP expression and mammary differentiation was identified in normal and tumor cells. In fact, TTP expression is highly increased during lactation, showing good correlation with various mammary differentiation factors. TTP expression was also induced in mammary HC11 cells treated with lactogenic hormones, mainly by prolactin, through Stat5A activation. The effect of this hormone was highly dependent on mammary differentiation status, as prolactin was unable to elicit a similar response in proliferating or neoplastic mammary cells. In summary, these studies show that TTP expression is strongly linked to the mammary differentiation program in human and mice, suggesting that this protein might play specific and relevant roles in the normal physiology of the gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Victoria Goddio
- LEGMA, IFIBYNE-CONICET, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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