1
|
Peña OA, Martin P. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of skin wound healing. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2024; 25:599-616. [PMID: 38528155 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-024-00715-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex process that involves the coordinated actions of many different tissues and cell lineages. It requires tight orchestration of cell migration, proliferation, matrix deposition and remodelling, alongside inflammation and angiogenesis. Whereas small skin wounds heal in days, larger injuries resulting from trauma, acute illness or major surgery can take several weeks to heal, generally leaving behind a fibrotic scar that can impact tissue function. Development of therapeutics to prevent scarring and successfully repair chronic wounds requires a fuller knowledge of the cellular and molecular mechanisms driving wound healing. In this Review, we discuss the current understanding of the different phases of wound healing, from clot formation through re-epithelialization, angiogenesis and subsequent scar deposition. We highlight the contribution of different cell types to skin repair, with emphasis on how both innate and adaptive immune cells in the wound inflammatory response influence classically studied wound cell lineages, including keratinocytes, fibroblasts and endothelial cells, but also some of the less-studied cell lineages such as adipocytes, melanocytes and cutaneous nerves. Finally, we discuss newer approaches and research directions that have the potential to further our understanding of the mechanisms underpinning tissue repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oscar A Peña
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
| | - Paul Martin
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Parisien M, van Reij RRI, Khoury S, Koseli E, Karaky M, Silva JR, Taheri G, van den Hoogen NJ, Peng G, Allegri M, De Gregori M, Chelly JE, Rakel BA, Aasvang EK, Kehlet H, Buhre WFFA, Bryant CD, Damaj MI, King IL, Ghasemlou N, Mogil JS, Joosten EAJ, Diatchenko L. Genome-wide association studies with experimental validation identify a protective role for B lymphocytes against chronic post-surgical pain. Br J Anaesth 2024; 133:360-370. [PMID: 38862382 PMCID: PMC11282472 DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2024.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic post-surgical pain (CPSP) significantly impacts patients' recovery and quality of life. Although environmental risk factors are well-established, genetic risk remains less understood. METHODS A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies followed by partitioned heritability was performed on 1350 individuals across five surgery types: hysterectomy, mastectomy, abdominal, hernia, and knee. In subsequent animal studies, withdrawal thresholds to evoked mechanical stimulation were measured in Rag1 null mutant and wild-type mice after plantar incision and laparotomy. Cell sorting by flow cytometry tracked recruitment of immune cell types. RESULTS We discovered 77 genome-wide significant single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) hits, distributed among 24 loci and 244 genes. Meta-analysis of all cohorts estimated a SNP-based narrow-sense heritability for CPSP at ∼39%, indicating a substantial genetic contribution. Partitioned heritability analysis across a wide variety of tissues revealed enrichment of heritability in immune system-related genes, particularly those associated with B and T cells. Rag1 null mutant mice lacking both T and B cells exhibited exacerbated and prolonged allodynia up to 42 days after surgery, which was rescued by B-cell transfer. Recruitment patterns of B cells but not T cells differed significantly during the first 7 days after injury in the footpad, lymph nodes, and dorsal root ganglia. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest a key protective role for the adaptive immune system in the development of chronic post-surgical pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Parisien
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, Department of Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine, Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Roel R I van Reij
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Maastricht University Medical Center+, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Samar Khoury
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, Department of Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine, Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Eda Koseli
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Translational Research Initiative for Pain and Neuropathy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Mohamad Karaky
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, Department of Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine, Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jaqueline R Silva
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada; Department of Biomedical & Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada; Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Golnar Taheri
- Department of Biomedical & Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada; Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Nynke J van den Hoogen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Maastricht University Medical Center+, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Garrie Peng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Massimo Allegri
- Department of Pain Therapy, Ensemble Hospitalier de la Côte, Morges, Switzerland
| | - Manuela De Gregori
- Pain Therapy Service, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Jacques E Chelly
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Eske K Aasvang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Centre for Cancer and Organ Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Kehlet
- Section of Surgical Pathophysiology 7621, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Wolfgang F F A Buhre
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Anesthesiology, Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Camron D Bryant
- Center for Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M Imad Damaj
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Translational Research Initiative for Pain and Neuropathy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Irah L King
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada; McGill Interdisciplinary Initiative in Infection and Immunity, McGill Centre for Microbiome Research, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nader Ghasemlou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada; Department of Biomedical & Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada; Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Jeffrey S Mogil
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science, Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Elbert A J Joosten
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Maastricht University Medical Center+, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Luda Diatchenko
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, Department of Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine, Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shah SA, Oakes RS, Jewell CM. Advancing immunotherapy using biomaterials to control tissue, cellular, and molecular level immune signaling in skin. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 209:115315. [PMID: 38670230 PMCID: PMC11111363 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Immunotherapies have been transformative in many areas, including cancer treatments, allergies, and autoimmune diseases. However, significant challenges persist in extending the reach of these technologies to new indications and patients. Some of the major hurdles include narrow applicability to patient groups, transient efficacy, high cost burdens, poor immunogenicity, and side effects or off-target toxicity that results from lack of disease-specificity and inefficient delivery. Thus, there is a significant need for strategies that control immune responses generated by immunotherapies while targeting infection, cancer, allergy, and autoimmunity. Being the outermost barrier of the body and the first line of host defense, the skin presents a unique immunological interface to achieve these goals. The skin contains a high concentration of specialized immune cells, such as antigen-presenting cells and tissue-resident memory T cells. These cells feature diverse and potent combinations of immune receptors, providing access to cellular and molecular level control to modulate immune responses. Thus, skin provides accessible tissue, cellular, and molecular level controls that can be harnessed to improve immunotherapies. Biomaterial platforms - microneedles, nano- and micro-particles, scaffolds, and other technologies - are uniquely capable of modulating the specialized immunological niche in skin by targeting these distinct biological levels of control. This review highlights recent pre-clinical and clinical advances in biomaterial-based approaches to target and modulate immune signaling in the skin at the tissue, cellular, and molecular levels for immunotherapeutic applications. We begin by discussing skin cytoarchitecture and resident immune cells to establish the biological rationale for skin-targeting immunotherapies. This is followed by a critical presentation of biomaterial-based pre-clinical and clinical studies aimed at controlling the immune response in the skin for immunotherapy and therapeutic vaccine applications in cancer, allergy, and autoimmunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shrey A Shah
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Robert S Oakes
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD 20742, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Maryland Health Care System, 10. N Green Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Christopher M Jewell
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD 20742, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Maryland Health Care System, 10. N Green Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD 20742, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, 22 S. Greene Street, Suite N9E17, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Arora JK, Matangkasombut P, Charoensawan V, Opasawatchai A. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the expansion of circulating tissue-homing B cell subsets in secondary acute dengue viral infection. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30314. [PMID: 38818157 PMCID: PMC11137366 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The roles of antibodies secreted by subsets of B cells in dengue virus (DENV) infection have been extensively studied, yet, the contribution of tissue-homing B cells to antiviral immunity remains unclear. In this study, we performed a comprehensive analysis of B cell subpopulations in peripheral blood samples from DENV-infected patients using single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets and flow cytometry. We showed that plasma cells (PCs) and plasmablasts (PBs) were the predominant B cell populations during the acute phase of secondary natural DENV infection, but not in convalescent phase nor in healthy controls. Interestingly, these cells expressed proliferation, adhesion, and tissue-homing genes, including SELPLG, a homing marker of the skin, the initial infected site of DENV. Flow cytometry analysis confirmed a significant upregulation of cell surface expression of a cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen (CLA) encoded by SELPLG in PCs and PBs, compared to naive and memory B cells from the same patients. The analysis of an independent single-cell B-cell receptor sequencing (scBCR-seq) dataset of DENV-infected patients revealed that the peripheral blood PCs and PBs exhibited the highest clonal expansion in secondary DENV infection compared to other B cell subsets. These clonally expanded cells also expressed the highest levels of tissue-homing genes, including SELPLG. In addition, by utilizing a public scRNA-seq dataset of SARS-CoV2 infection, we demonstrated the upregulation of several tissue-homing genes in PCs and PBs. Our study provides evidence for the potential roles of tissue-homing B cell subsets in the context of immune responses against viral infections in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jantarika Kumar Arora
- Doctor of Philosophy Program in Biochemistry (International Program), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Ponpan Matangkasombut
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
- Single-cell Omics and Systems Biology of Diseases Research Unit, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Varodom Charoensawan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
- Single-cell Omics and Systems Biology of Diseases Research Unit, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
- Integrative Computational BioScience (ICBS) Center, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
- Division of Medical Bioinformatics, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
- Siriraj Genomics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Anunya Opasawatchai
- Single-cell Omics and Systems Biology of Diseases Research Unit, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
- Integrative Computational BioScience (ICBS) Center, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sieminska I, Pieniawska M, Grzywa TM. The Immunology of Psoriasis-Current Concepts in Pathogenesis. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2024; 66:164-191. [PMID: 38642273 PMCID: PMC11193704 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-024-08991-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Psoriasis is one of the most common inflammatory skin diseases with a chronic, relapsing-remitting course. The last decades of intense research uncovered a pathological network of interactions between immune cells and other types of cells in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Emerging evidence indicates that dendritic cells, TH17 cells, and keratinocytes constitute a pathogenic triad in psoriasis. Dendritic cells produce TNF-α and IL-23 to promote T cell differentiation toward TH17 cells that produce key psoriatic cytokines IL-17, IFN-γ, and IL-22. Their activity results in skin inflammation and activation and hyperproliferation of keratinocytes. In addition, other cells and signaling pathways are implicated in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, including TH9 cells, TH22 cells, CD8+ cytotoxic cells, neutrophils, γδ T cells, and cytokines and chemokines secreted by them. New insights from high-throughput analysis of lesional skin identified novel signaling pathways and cell populations involved in the pathogenesis. These studies not only expanded our knowledge about the mechanisms of immune response and the pathogenesis of psoriasis but also resulted in a revolution in the clinical management of patients with psoriasis. Thus, understanding the mechanisms of immune response in psoriatic inflammation is crucial for further studies, the development of novel therapeutic strategies, and the clinical management of psoriasis patients. The aim of the review was to comprehensively present the dysregulation of immune response in psoriasis with an emphasis on recent findings. Here, we described the role of immune cells, including T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, neutrophils, monocytes, mast cells, and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), as well as non-immune cells, including keratinocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and platelets in the initiation, development, and progression of psoriasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Sieminska
- University Centre of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Monika Pieniawska
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Tomasz M Grzywa
- Laboratory of Immunology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
- Department of Methodology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
- The Raymond G. Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rashwan AM, El-Gendy SAA, Ez Elarab SM, Alsafy MAM. A comprehensive exploration of diverse skin cell types in the limb of the desert tortoise (Testudo graeca) through light, transmission, scanning electron microscopy, and immunofluorescence techniques. Tissue Cell 2024; 87:102335. [PMID: 38412578 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
The Greek tortoise, inhabiting harsh desert environments, provides a compelling case for investigating skin adaptations to extreme conditions. We have utilized light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and immunofluorescence analysis to describe the structure of the arid-adapted limb skin in the Greek tortoise. Our aim was to identify the cell types that reflect the skin adaptation of this tortoise to arid conditions. Utilizing seven antibodies, we localized and elucidated the functions of various skin cells, shedding light on how the tortoise adapts to adverse environmental conditions. Our findings unveiled numerous scales on the limbs, varying in size and color, acting as protective armor against abrasions, bites, and other potential threats in their rocky habitats. The epidermis comprises four layers: stratum basalis, stratum spinosum, peri-corneous layer, and stratum corneum. Cytokeratin 14 (CK14) was explicitly detected in the basal layer of the epidermis, suggesting a role in maintaining epidermal integrity and cellular function. Langerhans cells were observed between epidermal cells filled with ribosomes and Birbeck granules. Numerous dendritic-shaped Langerhans cells revealed through E-Cadherin signify strong immunity in tortoises' skin. Melanophores were identified using the Melan-A antibody, labeling the cytoplasm, and the SOX10 antibody, labeling the nucleus, providing comprehensive insights into melanophores morphology and distribution. Two types of melanophores were found: dendritic below the stratum basalis of the epidermis and clustered oval melanophores in the deep dermal layer. Varied melanophores distribution resulted in a spotted skin pattern, potentially offering adaptive camouflage and protection against environmental challenges. Numerous myofibroblasts were discerned through alpha-smooth actin (α-SMA) expression, indicating that the Greek tortoise's skin possesses a robust tissue repair and remodeling capacity. B-cell lymphocytes detected via CD20 immunostaining exhibited sporadic distribution in the dermis, concentrating in lymphoid aggregates and around vessels, implying potential roles in local immune responses and inflammation modulation. Employing Tom20 to identify skin cells with abundant mitochondria revealed a notable presence in melanophores and the basal layer of the epidermis, suggesting high metabolic activity in these cell types and potentially influencing cellular functions. These findings contribute to our comprehension of tortoise skin anatomy and physiology, offering insights into the remarkable adaptations of this species finely tuned to their specific environmental habitats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Rashwan
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511 Egypt; Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Samir A A El-Gendy
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21944, Egypt
| | - Samar M Ez Elarab
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21944, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A M Alsafy
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21944, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Afshari M, Kolackova M, Rosecka M, Čelakovská J, Krejsek J. Unraveling the skin; a comprehensive review of atopic dermatitis, current understanding, and approaches. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1361005. [PMID: 38500882 PMCID: PMC10944924 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1361005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis, also known as atopic eczema, is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by red pruritic skin lesions, xerosis, ichthyosis, and skin pain. Among the social impacts of atopic dermatitis are difficulties and detachment in relationships and social stigmatization. Additionally, atopic dermatitis is known to cause sleep disturbance, anxiety, hyperactivity, and depression. Although the pathological process behind atopic dermatitis is not fully known, it appears to be a combination of epidermal barrier dysfunction and immune dysregulation. Skin is the largest organ of the human body which acts as a mechanical barrier to toxins and UV light and a natural barrier against water loss. Both functions face significant challenges due to atopic dermatitis. The list of factors that can potentially trigger or contribute to atopic dermatitis is extensive, ranging from genetic factors, family history, dietary choices, immune triggers, and environmental factors. Consequently, prevention, early clinical diagnosis, and effective treatment may be the only resolutions to combat this burdensome disease. Ensuring safe and targeted drug delivery to the skin layers, without reaching the systemic circulation is a promising option raised by nano-delivery systems in dermatology. In this review, we explored the current understanding and approaches of atopic dermatitis and outlined a range of the most recent therapeutics and dosage forms brought by nanotechnology. This review was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect databases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moeina Afshari
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czechia
| | - Martina Kolackova
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czechia
| | - Michaela Rosecka
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czechia
| | - Jarmila Čelakovská
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czechia
| | - Jan Krejsek
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czechia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lee EG, Oh JE. From neglect to spotlight: the underappreciated role of B cells in cutaneous inflammatory diseases. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1328785. [PMID: 38426103 PMCID: PMC10902158 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1328785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The skin, covering our entire body as its largest organ, manifests enormous complexities and a profound interplay of systemic and local responses. In this heterogeneous domain, B cells were considered strangers. Yet, recent studies have highlighted their existence in the skin and their distinct role in modulating cutaneous immunity across various immune contexts. Accumulating evidence is progressively shedding light on the significance of B cells in maintaining skin health and in skin disorders. Herein, we integrate current insights on the systemic and local contributions of B cells in three prevalent inflammatory skin conditions: Pemphigus Vulgaris (PV), Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), and Atopic Dermatitis (AD), underscoring the previously underappreciated importance of B cells within skin immunity. Moreover, we address the potential adverse effects of current treatments used for skin diseases, emphasizing their unintentional consequences on B cells. These comprehensive approaches may pave the way for innovative therapeutic strategies that effectively address the intricate nature of skin disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Gang Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Oh
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- BioMedical Research Center, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Johnsson H, Cole J, McInnes IB, Graham G, Siebert S. Differences in transcriptional changes in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis skin with immunoglobulin gene enrichment in psoriatic arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2024; 63:218-225. [PMID: 37137278 PMCID: PMC10765156 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kead195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Approximately 20% of people with psoriasis develop PsA. Although genetic, clinical and environmental risk factors have been identified, it is not known why some people with psoriasis develop PsA. The skin disease is traditionally considered the same in both. This study compares transcriptional changes in psoriasis and PsA skin for the first time. METHODS Skin biopsies were collected from healthy controls (HC), and uninvolved and lesional skin from patients with PsA. Bulk tissue sequencing was performed and analysed using the pipeline Searchlight 2.0. Transcriptional changes in PsA skin were compared with existing sequencing data from participants with psoriasis without PsA (GSE121212). Psoriasis and PsA datasets could not be directly compared as different analysis methods were used. Data from participants with PsA in the GSE121212 dataset were used for validation. RESULTS Skin samples from 9 participants with PsA and 9 HC were sequenced, analysed and compared with available transcriptomic data for 16 participants with psoriasis compared with 16 HC. Uninvolved skin in psoriasis shared transcriptional changes with lesional skin in psoriasis, but uninvolved skin in PsA did not. Most transcriptional changes in psoriasis and PsA lesional skin were shared, but immunoglobulin genes were upregulated in PsA lesional skin specifically. The transcription factor POU2F1, which regulates immunoglobulin gene expression, was enriched in PsA lesional skin. This was confirmed in the validation cohort. CONCLUSIONS Immunoglobulin genes are upregulated in PsA but not in psoriasis skin lesions. This may have implications for the spread from the cutaneous compartment to other tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Johnsson
- School of Infection and Immunity, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - John Cole
- School of Infection and Immunity, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Iain B McInnes
- School of Infection and Immunity, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Gerard Graham
- School of Infection and Immunity, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Stefan Siebert
- School of Infection and Immunity, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zheremyan EA, Ustiugova AS, Karamushka NM, Uvarova AN, Stasevich EM, Bogolyubova AV, Kuprash DV, Korneev KV. Breg-Mediated Immunoregulation in the Skin. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:583. [PMID: 38203754 PMCID: PMC10778726 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex process involving a coordinated series of events aimed at restoring tissue integrity and function. Regulatory B cells (Bregs) are a subset of B lymphocytes that play an essential role in fine-tuning immune responses and maintaining immune homeostasis. Recent studies have suggested that Bregs are important players in cutaneous immunity. This review summarizes the current understanding of the role of Bregs in skin immunity in health and pathology, such as diabetes, psoriasis, systemic sclerosis, cutaneous lupus erythematosus, cutaneous hypersensitivity, pemphigus, and dermatomyositis. We discuss the mechanisms by which Bregs maintain tissue homeostasis in the wound microenvironment through the promotion of angiogenesis, suppression of effector cells, and induction of regulatory immune cells. We also mention the potential clinical applications of Bregs in promoting wound healing, such as the use of adoptive Breg transfer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elina A. Zheremyan
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alina S. Ustiugova
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nina M. Karamushka
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - Aksinya N. Uvarova
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina M. Stasevich
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Dmitry V. Kuprash
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - Kirill V. Korneev
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- National Research Center for Hematology, 125167 Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Edwards C, Shah SA, Gebhardt T, Jewell CM. Exploiting Unique Features of Microneedles to Modulate Immunity. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2302410. [PMID: 37380199 PMCID: PMC10753036 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Microneedle arrays (MNAs) are small patches containing hundreds of short projections that deliver signals directly to dermal layers without causing pain. These technologies are of special interest for immunotherapy and vaccine delivery because they directly target immune cells concentrated in the skin. The targeting abilities of MNAs result in efficient immune responses-often more protective or therapeutic-compared to conventional needle delivery. MNAs also offer logistical benefits, such as self-administration and transportation without refrigeration. Thus, numerous preclinical and clinical studies are exploring these technologies. Here the unique advantages of MNA, as well as critical challenges-such as manufacturing and sterility issues-the field faces to enable widespread deployment are discussed. How MNA design parameters can be exploited for controlled release of vaccines and immunotherapies, and the application to preclinical models of infection, cancer, autoimmunity, and allergies are explained. Specific strategies are also discussed to reduce off-target effects compared to conventional vaccine delivery routes, and novel chemical and manufacturing controls that enable cargo stability in MNAs across flexible intervals and temperatures. Clinical research using MNAs is then examined. Drawbacks of MNAs and the implications, and emerging opportunities to exploit MNAs for immune engineering and clinical use are concluded.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Edwards
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Shrey A Shah
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Thomas Gebhardt
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection & Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Christopher M Jewell
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- US Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lu Y, Liu X, Zhao J, Bie F, Liu Y, Xie J, Wang P, Zhu J, Xiong Y, Qin S, Yang F, Chen L, Xu Y. Single-cell profiling reveals transcriptomic signatures of vascular endothelial cells in non-healing diabetic foot ulcers. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1275612. [PMID: 38107519 PMCID: PMC10722230 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1275612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The treatment of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) poses a challenging medical problem that has long plagued individuals with diabetes. Clinically, wounds that fail to heal for more than 12 weeks after the formation of DFUs are referred to as non-healing/chronic wounds. Among various factors contributing to the non-healing of DFUs, the impairment of skin microvascular endothelial cell function caused by high glucose plays a crucial role. Our study aimed to reveal the transcriptomic signatures of non-healing DFUs endothelial cells, providing novel intervention targets for treatment strategies. Methods Based on the GEO dataset (GSE165816), we selected DFU-Healer, DFU-Non-healer, and healthy non-diabetic controls as research subjects. Single-cell RNA transcriptomic sequencing technology was employed to analyze the heterogeneity of endothelial cells in different skin tissue samples and identify healing-related endothelial cell subpopulations. Immunofluorescence was applied to validate the sequencing results on clinical specimens. Results The number of endothelial cells and vascular density showed no significant differences among the three groups of skin specimens. However, endothelial cells from non-healing DFUs exhibited apparent inhibition of angiogenesis, inflammation, and immune-related signaling pathways. The expression of CCND1, ENO1, HIF1α, and SERPINE1 was significantly downregulated at the transcriptomic and histological levels. Further analysis demonstrated that healing-related endothelial cell subpopulations in non-healing DFUs has limited connection with other cell types and weaker differentiation ability. Conclusion At the single-cell level, we uncovered the molecular and functional specificity of endothelial cells in non-healing DFUs and highlighted the importance of endothelial cell immune-mediated capability in angiogenesis and wound healing. This provides new insights for the treatment of DFUs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yangzhou Lu
- Department of Burn, Wound Repair & Reconstruction, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Burn and Wound Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment Key Technology and Series of Products, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Department of Burn, Wound Repair & Reconstruction, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Burn and Wound Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment Key Technology and Series of Products, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingling Zhao
- Department of Burn, Wound Repair & Reconstruction, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Burn and Wound Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment Key Technology and Series of Products, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fan Bie
- Department of Burn, Wound Repair & Reconstruction, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Burn and Wound Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment Key Technology and Series of Products, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yiling Liu
- Department of Burn, Wound Repair & Reconstruction, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Burn and Wound Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment Key Technology and Series of Products, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Julin Xie
- Department of Burn, Wound Repair & Reconstruction, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Burn and Wound Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment Key Technology and Series of Products, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Burn, Wound Repair & Reconstruction, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Burn and Wound Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment Key Technology and Series of Products, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junyou Zhu
- Department of Burn, Wound Repair & Reconstruction, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Burn and Wound Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment Key Technology and Series of Products, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yahui Xiong
- Department of Burn, Wound Repair & Reconstruction, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Burn and Wound Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment Key Technology and Series of Products, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shitian Qin
- Department of Burn, Wound Repair & Reconstruction, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Burn and Wound Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment Key Technology and Series of Products, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Burn, Wound Repair & Reconstruction, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Burn and Wound Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment Key Technology and Series of Products, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Burn, Wound Repair & Reconstruction, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Burn and Wound Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment Key Technology and Series of Products, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingbin Xu
- Department of Burn, Wound Repair & Reconstruction, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Burn and Wound Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment Key Technology and Series of Products, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Rosado-Sánchez I, Haque M, Salim K, Speck M, Fung VC, Boardman DA, Mojibian M, Raimondi G, Levings MK. Tregs integrate native and CAR-mediated costimulatory signals for control of allograft rejection. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e167215. [PMID: 37669115 PMCID: PMC10619441 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.167215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tregs expressing chimeric antigen receptors (CAR-Tregs) are a promising tool to promote transplant tolerance. The relationship between CAR structure and Treg function was studied in xenogeneic, immunodeficient mice, revealing advantages of CD28-encoding CARs. However, these models could underrepresent interactions between CAR-Tregs, antigen-presenting cells (APCs), and donor-specific Abs. We generated Tregs expressing HLA-A2-specific CARs with different costimulatory domains and compared their function in vitro and in vivo using an immunocompetent model of transplantation. In vitro, the CD28-encoding CAR had superior antigen-specific suppression, proliferation, and cytokine production. In contrast, in vivo, Tregs expressing CARs encoding CD28, ICOS, programmed cell death 1, and GITR, but not 4-1BB or OX40, all extended skin allograft survival. To reconcile in vitro and in vivo data, we analyzed effects of a CAR encoding CD3ζ but no costimulatory domain. These data revealed that exogenous costimulation from APCs can compensate for the lack of a CAR-encoded CD28 domain. Thus, Tregs expressing a CAR with or without CD28 are functionally equivalent in vivo, mediating similar extension of skin allograft survival and controlling the generation of anti-HLA-A2 alloantibodies. This study reveals a dimension of CAR-Treg biology and has important implications for the design of CARs for clinical use in Tregs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Rosado-Sánchez
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering and
| | - Manjurul Haque
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kevin Salim
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Madeleine Speck
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Vivian C.W. Fung
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Dominic A. Boardman
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Majid Mojibian
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Giorgio Raimondi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Megan K. Levings
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering and
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Fattah YH, Liu SS, Susa J, Hanly A, Russo J, Karai LJ. Spindle Cell Lipoma With Florid Primary Follicular Lymphocytic Hyperplasia: A Novel Association With Potential Diagnostic Pitfalls. Am J Dermatopathol 2023; 45:563-566. [PMID: 37462206 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000002483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Spindle cell lipoma (SCL) is a benign subcutaneous lipomatous neoplasm with a heterogeneous histologic appearance that varies greatly depending on the amount of fat, collagen, and myxoid stroma, which define the multiple subtypes of SCL, such as fat poor SCL, pseudoangiomatous SCL, and dendritic fibromyxolipoma. Cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia is a spectrum of benign conditions characterized by reactive B-cell and T-cell cutaneous lymphocytic infiltrates. Cutaneous B-cell lymphoid hyperplasia is a heterogeneous group of non-neoplastic conditions that can be observed as reactive phenomena to infections, medications, allergens, or neoplasms and must be distinguished from cutaneous B-cell lymphomas. Here, we report a novel case of spindle cell lipoma, associated with B-cell primary lymphoid follicular hyperplasia, mixed within the tumor in a peculiar pattern, while discussing potential diagnostic pitfalls with low-grade B-cell lymphomas. This is the first report of such association in the literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin H Fattah
- Department of Dermatology, Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, FL
| | - Shuo S Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, FL
| | - Joseph Susa
- Pro Path, Sonic Health Care USA, Dallas, TX; and
| | - Andrew Hanly
- Global Pathology, Sonic Health Care USA, Miami Lakes, FL
| | | | - Laszlo J Karai
- Global Pathology, Sonic Health Care USA, Miami Lakes, FL
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mitamura Y, Reiger M, Kim J, Xiao Y, Zhakparov D, Tan G, Rückert B, Rinaldi AO, Baerenfaller K, Akdis M, Brüggen MC, Nadeau KC, Brunner PM, Roqueiro D, Traidl-Hoffmann C, Akdis CA. Spatial transcriptomics combined with single-cell RNA-sequencing unravels the complex inflammatory cell network in atopic dermatitis. Allergy 2023; 78:2215-2231. [PMID: 37312623 DOI: 10.1111/all.15781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common chronic inflammatory skin disease with complex pathogenesis for which the cellular and molecular crosstalk in AD skin has not been fully understood. METHODS Skin tissues examined for spatial gene expression were derived from the upper arm of 6 healthy control (HC) donors and 7 AD patients (lesion and nonlesion). We performed spatial transcriptomics sequencing to characterize the cellular infiltrate in lesional skin. For single-cell analysis, we analyzed the single-cell data from suction blister material from AD lesions and HC skin at the antecubital fossa skin (4 ADs and 5 HCs) and full-thickness skin biopsies (4 ADs and 2 HCs). The multiple proximity extension assays were performed in the serum samples from 36 AD patients and 28 HCs. RESULTS The single-cell analysis identified unique clusters of fibroblasts, dendritic cells, and macrophages in the lesional AD skin. Spatial transcriptomics analysis showed the upregulation of COL6A5, COL4A1, TNC, and CCL19 in COL18A1-expressing fibroblasts in the leukocyte-infiltrated areas in AD skin. CCR7-expressing dendritic cells (DCs) showed a similar distribution in the lesions. Additionally, M2 macrophages expressed CCL13 and CCL18 in this area. Ligand-receptor interaction analysis of the spatial transcriptome identified neighboring infiltration and interaction between activated COL18A1-expressing fibroblasts, CCL13- and CCL18-expressing M2 macrophages, CCR7- and LAMP3-expressing DCs, and T cells. As observed in skin lesions, serum levels of TNC and CCL18 were significantly elevated in AD, and correlated with clinical disease severity. CONCLUSION In this study, we show the unknown cellular crosstalk in leukocyte-infiltrated area in lesional skin. Our findings provide a comprehensive in-depth knowledge of the nature of AD skin lesions to guide the development of better treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasutaka Mitamura
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Reiger
- CK CARE - Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Juno Kim
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Yi Xiao
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Davos, Switzerland
| | - Damir Zhakparov
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Davos, Switzerland
| | - Ge Tan
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Beate Rückert
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Arturo O Rinaldi
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Katja Baerenfaller
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Davos, Switzerland
| | - Mübeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Charlotte Brüggen
- CK CARE - Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kari C Nadeau
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Patrick M Brunner
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Damian Roqueiro
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Davos, Switzerland
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Traidl-Hoffmann
- CK CARE - Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Augsburg, Germany
- ZIEL, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Cezmi A Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
- CK CARE - Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Scholaert M, Houmadi R, Martin J, Serhan N, Tauber M, Braun E, Basso L, Merle E, Descargues P, Viguier M, Lesort C, Chaput B, Kanitakis J, Jullien D, Livideanu CB, Lamant L, Pagès E, Gaudenzio N. 3D deconvolution of human skin immune architecture with Multiplex Annotated Tissue Imaging System. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf9491. [PMID: 37285432 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf9491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Routine clinical assays, such as conventional immunohistochemistry, often fail to resolve the regional heterogeneity of complex inflammatory skin conditions. We introduce MANTIS (Multiplex Annotated Tissue Imaging System), a flexible analytic pipeline compatible with routine practice, specifically designed for spatially resolved immune phenotyping of the skin in experimental or clinical samples. On the basis of phenotype attribution matrices coupled to α-shape algorithms, MANTIS projects a representative digital immune landscape while enabling automated detection of major inflammatory clusters and concomitant single-cell data quantification of biomarkers. We observed that severe pathological lesions from systemic lupus erythematosus, Kawasaki syndrome, or COVID-19-associated skin manifestations share common quantitative immune features while displaying a nonrandom distribution of cells with the formation of disease-specific dermal immune structures. Given its accuracy and flexibility, MANTIS is designed to solve the spatial organization of complex immune environments to better apprehend the pathophysiology of skin manifestations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manon Scholaert
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), INSERM UMR1291, CNRS UMR5051, and University Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
- Genoskin SAS, Toulouse, France
| | - Raissa Houmadi
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), INSERM UMR1291, CNRS UMR5051, and University Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Jeremy Martin
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), INSERM UMR1291, CNRS UMR5051, and University Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Nadine Serhan
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), INSERM UMR1291, CNRS UMR5051, and University Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie Tauber
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), INSERM UMR1291, CNRS UMR5051, and University Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
- Department of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite, France
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI; Team Immunology of Skin Allergy and Vaccination), Inserm U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, and CNRS, UMR5308, Lyon, France
- ENS de Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France
| | | | - Lilian Basso
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), INSERM UMR1291, CNRS UMR5051, and University Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | - Manuelle Viguier
- Dermatology Department, Hôpital Robert Debré, EA7509 IRMAIC, Université Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Cécile Lesort
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI; Team Immunology of Skin Allergy and Vaccination), Inserm U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, and CNRS, UMR5308, Lyon, France
- Department of Dermatology Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Benoît Chaput
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Rangueil Hospital, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean Kanitakis
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI; Team Immunology of Skin Allergy and Vaccination), Inserm U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, and CNRS, UMR5308, Lyon, France
- Department of Dermatology Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Denis Jullien
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI; Team Immunology of Skin Allergy and Vaccination), Inserm U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, and CNRS, UMR5308, Lyon, France
- Department of Dermatology Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Cristina Bulai Livideanu
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), INSERM UMR1291, CNRS UMR5051, and University Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
- Department of Dermatology, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurence Lamant
- Department of Pathology, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse Oncopole, avenue Joliot-Curie, 31049 Toulouse, France
| | | | - Nicolas Gaudenzio
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), INSERM UMR1291, CNRS UMR5051, and University Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
- Genoskin SAS, Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Marques-Piubelli ML, Seervai RNH, Mudaliar KM, Ma W, Milton DR, Wang J, Muhlbauer A, Parra ER, Solis LM, Nagarajan P, Speiser J, Hudgens C, Cho WC, Aung PP, Patel A, Pacha O, Nelson KC, Tetzlaff MT, Amaria RN, Torres-Cabala CA, Prieto VG, Wistuba II, Curry JL. Gene expression profiling and multiplex immunofluorescence analysis of bullous pemphigoid immune-related adverse event reveal upregulation of toll-like receptor 4/complement-induced innate immune response and increased density of T H 1 T-cells. J Cutan Pathol 2023. [PMID: 37150813 DOI: 10.1111/cup.14442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based cancer therapies cause a variety of cutaneous immune-related adverse events (irAEs) including immunobullous skin eruptions like bullous pemphigoid (BP). However, little is known about the underlying immunopathogenic drivers of these reactions, and understanding the unique gene expression profile and immune composition of BP-irAE remains a critical knowledge gap in the field of oncodermatology/oncodermatopathology. METHODS BP-irAE (n = 8) and de novo BP control (n = 8) biopsy samples were subjected to gene expression profiling using the NanoString® Technologies nCounter PanCancer Immune Profiling Panel. Multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) studies using markers for T-cells (CD3 and CD8), T helper 1 (TH 1) cells (Tbet), TH 2 cells (Gata3), TH 17 cells (RORγT), and regulatory T-cells (Tregs; FoxP3) were further evaluated using InForm® image analysis. RESULTS Compared with de novo BP controls, BP-irAE samples exhibited upregulation of 30 mRNA transcripts (p < 0.025), including toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and genes associated with complement activation, and downregulation of 89 mRNA transcripts (p < 0.025), including genes associated with TH 2, TH 17, and B-cell immune response. BP-irAE demonstrated a greater density of Tbet+ (TH 1) cells in the dermis (p = 0.004) and fewer Tregs in the blister floor (p = 0.028) when compared with that of de novo control BP samples. CONCLUSIONS BP-irAE exhibited activation of the TLR4/complement-driven classical innate immune response pathway, with dermal TH 1 immune cell polarization and decreased Tregs in the blister floor. TLR/complement signaling may underlie the immunopathogenesis of BP-irAE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario L Marques-Piubelli
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Riyad N H Seervai
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Internal Medicine Residency Program, Providence Portland Medical Center, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Kumaran M Mudaliar
- Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Wencai Ma
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Denái R Milton
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Aaron Muhlbauer
- Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Edwin R Parra
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Luisa M Solis
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Priyadharsini Nagarajan
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jodi Speiser
- Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Courtney Hudgens
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Woo Cheal Cho
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Phyu P Aung
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Anisha Patel
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Omar Pacha
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kelly C Nelson
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Michael T Tetzlaff
- Departments of Pathology and Dermatology, Oral Pathology and Dermatopathology Unit, The University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Rodabe N Amaria
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Carlos A Torres-Cabala
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Victor G Prieto
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ignacio I Wistuba
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jonathan L Curry
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Skin-Based Vaccination: A Systematic Mapping Review of the Types of Vaccines and Methods Used and Immunity and Protection Elicited in Pigs. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11020450. [PMID: 36851328 PMCID: PMC9962282 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11020450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The advantages of skin-based vaccination include induction of strong immunity, dose-sparing, and ease of administration. Several technologies for skin-based immunisation in humans are being developed to maximise these key advantages. This route is more conventionally used in veterinary medicine. Skin-based vaccination of pigs is of high relevance due to their anatomical, physiological, and immunological similarities to humans, as well as being a source of zoonotic diseases and their livestock value. We conducted a systematic mapping review, focusing on vaccine-induced immunity and safety after the skin immunisation of pigs. Veterinary vaccines, specifically anti-viral vaccines, predominated in the literature. The safe and potent skin administration to pigs of adjuvanted vaccines, particularly emulsions, are frequently documented. Multiple methods of skin immunisation exist; however, there is a lack of consistent terminology and accurate descriptions of the route and device. Antibody responses, compared to other immune correlates, are most frequently reported. There is a lack of research on the underlying mechanisms of action and breadth of responses. Nevertheless, encouraging results, both in safety and immunogenicity, were observed after skin vaccination that were often comparable to or superior the intramuscular route. Further research in this area will underlie the development of enhanced skin vaccine strategies for pigs, other animals and humans.
Collapse
|
19
|
Costache RS, Georgescu M, Ghilencea A, Feroiu O, Tiplica SG, Costache DO. The Role of Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Psoriasis. ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF MILITARY MEDICINE 2023. [DOI: 10.55453/rjmm.2023.126.3.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
"Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition with genetic determinism characterized by the presence of welldefined, erythematous plaques, covered by white, pearly, stratified scales, located on the extension areas, the skin of the scalp, intertriginous regions. The origin of psoriasis is multifactorial, involving hereditary and environmental pathogenic mechanisms. It is triggered by various risk factors involving a variety of processes, such as inflammation, antigen presentation, cell signaling, and transcriptional regulation. "
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raluca S. Costache
- Discipline of Internal Medicine, Carol Davila University Central Emergency Military Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Georgescu
- Dermatology Clinic, Carol Davila University Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adelina Ghilencea
- Dermatology Clinic, Carol Davila University Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Oana Feroiu
- Dermatology Clinic, Carol Davila University Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sorin G. Tiplica
- Discipline of Dermatology, Colentina Clinical Hospital & Carol Davila University Central Emergency Military Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daniel O. Costache
- Discipline of Dermatology, Colentina Clinical Hospital & Carol Davila University Central Emergency Military Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
de Vos L, Guel T, Niebel D, Bald S, ter Steege A, Bieber T, Wenzel J. Characterization of B cells in lupus erythematosus skin biopsies in the context of different immune cell infiltration patterns. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1037408. [PMID: 36438026 PMCID: PMC9685332 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1037408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous lesions in lupus erythematosus (LE) subtypes are heterogenous. In line with the heterogeneity of the clinical presentation, the underlying lesional inflammation in LE skin samples is defined by different immune cell infiltrates. Pathophysiologically, lesional inflammation is driven by autoreactive cytotoxic T cells, targeting keratinocytes; plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), producing large amounts of interferon (IFN); and B cells, whose function in cutaneous LE is still unclear. This study aims to (a) classify inflammatory patterns with regard to the dominating cell type or cytokine expression and (b) investigating the specific role of B cells in LE skin lesions. Therefore, the immunohistological expression of inflammatory surrogates (CD20, CD123, MXA) in skin samples of n = 119 LE (subtypes: subacute cutaneous LE, chronic discoid LE, chilblain LE, LE tumidus, other LE) and n = 17 patients with inflammatory skin diseases (atopic dermatitis, psoriasis) were assessed. Samples were classified with regard to inflammatory groups. In addition multiplex-immunohistochemical analyses of n = 17 LE skin samples focusing on lesional B cells were conducted. In this study, we show that cutaneous lesions present with eight different inflammatory groups dominated by B cells, pDCs, a strong IFN expression, or overlapping patterns. Altogether, LE subtypes show heterogenous infiltration regardless of LE subtype, certain subtypes display a preference for infiltration groups. Furthermore, lesional B cells either form diffuse infiltrates or pseudofollicular structures, wherein they show antigen-presenting and T cell-activating properties. Altogether, in the light of emerging targeted therapeutic options, we suggest histological assessment in regard to B-cell or pDC preponderance to allow tailored treatment decisions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luka de Vos
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tugce Guel
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dennis Niebel
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sandra Bald
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Adrian ter Steege
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Bieber
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Joerg Wenzel
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- *Correspondence: Joerg Wenzel,
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chopra A, Gupta A. Skin as an immune organ and the site of biomimetic, non-invasive vaccination. MEDICINE IN NOVEL TECHNOLOGY AND DEVICES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medntd.2022.100196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
22
|
Abstract
Epithelial barriers, which include the gastrointestinal, respiratory, and genitourinary mucosa, compose the body’s front line of defense. Since barrier tissues are persistently exposed to microbial challenges, a rapid response that can deal with diverse invading pathogens is crucial. Because B cells have been perceived as indirectly contributing to immune responses through antibody production, B cells functioning in the peripheral organs have been outside the scope of researchers. However, recent evidence supports the existence of tissue-resident memory B cells (BRMs) in the lungs. This population’s defensive response was stronger and faster than that of their circulating counterparts and could resist heterogeneous strains. With such traits, BRMs could be a promising target for vaccine design, but much about them remains to be revealed, including their locations, origin, specific markers, and the mechanisms of their establishment and maintenance. There is evidence for resident B cells in organs other than the lungs, suggesting that B cells are directly involved in the immune reactions of multiple non-lymphoid organs. This review summarizes the history of the discovery of BRMs and discusses important unresolved questions. Unique characteristics of humoral immunity that play an important role in the peripheral organs will be described briefly. Future research on B cells residing in non-lymphoid organs will provide new insights to help solve major problems regarding human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Choong Man Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Ji Eun Oh
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea
- BioMedical Research Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Ji Eun Oh,
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Xue Y, Reddy SK, Garza LA. Toward Understanding Wound Immunology for High-Fidelity Skin Regeneration. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2022; 14:a041241. [PMID: 35667792 PMCID: PMC9248820 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Effective tissue repair is vital for the survival of organisms. Yet, how the immune system coordinates with tissue stem cells (SCs) to effect postnatal tissue restoration remains elusive. This review presents current knowledge surrounding wound-induced SC and immune signaling that favors tissue repair, including wound healing and regeneration. We discuss factors that affect regenerative capacities among organisms and the dynamics of local immune cells and SCs during reepithelialization. We also present recent insights into how immune niches communicate with SCs or other body systems to restore the epithelial architecture. Additionally, we summarize our findings on functional wound regeneration, specifically how alarmin (double-stranded RNA [dsRNA])-activated Toll-like receptor signaling and host-microbe interaction-related immune pathways alter the regenerative property of skin SCs. Last, we touch on mechanisms by which known immunologic cellular and molecular signaling might boost the skin's regenerative property. Overall, this review will provide insights into how therapeutically modulating immune signaling could enhance postnatal tissue regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sashank K Reddy
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology
| | - Luis A Garza
- Department of Dermatology
- Department of Cell Biology
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Khalil S, Donthi D, Gru AA. Cutaneous Reactive B-cell Lymphoid Proliferations. J Cutan Pathol 2022; 49:898-916. [PMID: 35656820 DOI: 10.1111/cup.14264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia (CLH), also known as cutaneous pseudolymphoma, is a spectrum of benign conditions characterized by reactive B- and T-cell cutaneous lymphocytic infiltrates. B-cell lymphoid proliferations are a heterogenous group of non-neoplastic cutaneous diseases that must be histopathologically distinguished from cutaneous B-cell lymphomas. These proliferations can be observed as reactive phenomena to infections, medications, allergens, neoplasms, and more. Further, there are many inflammatory conditions that present with reactive B-cell infiltrates, including actinic prurigo, Zoon balanitis, Rosai-Dorfman, and cutaneous plasmacytosis. This review summarizes multiple cutaneous B-cell lymphoid proliferations within the major categories of reactive and disease-associated CLH. Further we discuss major discriminating features of atypical CLH and malignancy. Understanding the specific patterns of B-cell CLH is essential for the proper diagnosis and treatment of patients presenting with such lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shadi Khalil
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Diego
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Gerecke C, Egea Rodrigues C, Homann T, Kleuser B. The Role of Ten-Eleven Translocation Proteins in Inflammation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:861351. [PMID: 35386689 PMCID: PMC8977485 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.861351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ten-eleven translocation proteins (TET1-3) are dioxygenases that oxidize 5-methyldeoxycytosine, thus taking part in passive and active demethylation. TETs have shown to be involved in immune cell development, affecting from self-renewal of stem cells and lineage commitment to terminal differentiation. In fact, dysfunction of TET proteins have been vastly associated with both myeloid and lymphoid leukemias. Recently, there has been accumulating evidence suggesting that TETs regulate immune cell function during innate and adaptive immune responses, thereby modulating inflammation. In this work, we pursue to review the current and recent evidence on the mechanistic aspects by which TETs regulate immune cell maturation and function. We will also discuss the complex interplay of TET expression and activity by several factors to modulate a multitude of inflammatory processes. Thus, modulating TET enzymes could be a novel pharmacological approach to target inflammation-related diseases and myeloid and lymphoid leukemias, when their activity is dysregulated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Gerecke
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
| | - Caue Egea Rodrigues
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Homann
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
| | - Burkhard Kleuser
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kyriakides TR, Kim HJ, Zheng C, Harkins L, Tao W, Deschenes E. Foreign body response to synthetic polymer biomaterials and the role of adaptive immunity. Biomed Mater 2022; 17:10.1088/1748-605X/ac5574. [PMID: 35168213 PMCID: PMC9159526 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac5574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Implanted biomaterials elicit a series of distinct immune and repair-like responses that are collectively known as the foreign body reaction (FBR). These include processes involving innate immune inflammatory cells and wound repair cells that contribute to the encapsulation of biomaterials with a dense collagenous and largely avascular capsule. Numerous studies have shown that the early phase is dominated by macrophages that fuse to form foreign body giant cells that are considered a hallmark of the FBR. With the advent of more precise cell characterization techniques, specific macrophage subsets have been identified and linked to more or less favorable outcomes. Moreover, studies comparing synthetic- and natural-based polymer biomaterials have allowed the identification of macrophage subtypes that distinguish between fibrotic and regenerative responses. More recently, cells associated with adaptive immunity have been shown to participate in the FBR to synthetic polymers. This suggests the existence of cross-talk between innate and adaptive immune cells that depends on the nature of the implants. However, the exact participation of adaptive immune cells, such as T and B cells, remains unclear. In fact, contradictory studies suggest either the independence or dependence of the FBR on these cells. Here, we review the evidence for the involvement of adaptive immunity in the FBR to synthetic polymers with a focus on cellular and molecular components. In addition, we examine the possibility that such biomaterials induce specific antibody responses resulting in the engagement of adaptive immune cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Themis R. Kyriakides
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University. New Haven CT 06405,Department of Pathology, Yale University. New Haven CT 06405,Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program. Yale University. New Haven CT 06405
| | - Hyun-Je Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University. New Haven CT 06405
| | - Christy Zheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University. New Haven CT 06405
| | - Lauren Harkins
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University. New Haven CT 06405
| | - Wanyun Tao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University. New Haven CT 06405
| | - Emily Deschenes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University. New Haven CT 06405
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Chen B, Yang J, Song Y, Zhang D, Hao F. Skin Immunosenescence and Type 2 Inflammation: A Mini-Review With an Inflammaging Perspective. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:835675. [PMID: 35281103 PMCID: PMC8908007 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.835675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin-resident stromal cells, including keratinocytes, fibroblasts, adipocytes, and immune cells including Langerhans cells, dendritic cells, T cells, and innate lymphoid cells, and their functional products work in concert to ensure the realization of skin barrier immunity. However, aging-induced immunosenescence predisposes the elderly to pruritic dermatoses, including type 2 inflammation-mediated. Inflammaging, characterized by chronic low level of pro-inflammatory cytokines released from senescent cells with the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), may drive immunosenescence and tangle with type 2 inflammatory dermatoses. The present mini-review summarizes current evidence on immunosenescence and type 2 inflammation in the skin and further focuses on future needs from an inflammaging perspective to clarify their complexity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bangtao Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yao Song
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Daojun Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fei Hao
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Fei Hao,
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Immune Cells in Cutaneous Wound Healing: A Review of Functional Data from Animal Models. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052444. [PMID: 35269586 PMCID: PMC8910456 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The healing of skin wounds involves the activation and recruitment of various immune cell types, many of which are believed to contribute significantly to different aspects of the repair process. Roles for immune cells have been described in practically all stages of wound healing, including hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation and scar formation/remodeling. Over the last decade, tools to deplete immune cell populations in animal models have become more advanced, leading to a surge in the number of studies examining the function of specific immune cell types in skin repair. In this review, we will summarize what is known about distinct immune cell types in cutaneous wound healing, with an emphasis on data from animal studies in which specific cell types have been targeted.
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
Tendons perform a critical function in the musculoskeletal system by integrating muscle with skeleton and enabling force transmission. Damage or degeneration of these tissues lead to impaired structure and function, which often persist despite surgical intervention. While the immune response and inflammation are important drivers of both tendon healing and disease progression, there have been relatively few studies of the diverse immune cell types that may regulate these processes in these tissues. To date, most of the studies have focused on macrophages, but emerging research indicate that other immune cell types may also play a role in tendon healing, either by regulating the immune environment or through direct interactions with resident tenocytes. The present review synthesises the literature on innate and adaptive immune system cells that have been implicated in tendon healing or disease, in the context of animal injury models, human clinical samples or in vitro experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - A H Huang
- William Black Building, 650 W 168th Street, Room 1408, New York, NY 10032,
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Mohd Zaid NA, Sekar M, Bonam SR, Gan SH, Lum PT, Begum MY, Mat Rani NNI, Vaijanathappa J, Wu YS, Subramaniyan V, Fuloria NK, Fuloria S. Promising Natural Products in New Drug Design, Development, and Therapy for Skin Disorders: An Overview of Scientific Evidence and Understanding Their Mechanism of Action. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:23-66. [PMID: 35027818 PMCID: PMC8749048 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s326332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin is the largest organ in the human body, composed of the epidermis and the dermis. It provides protection and acts as a barrier against external menaces like allergens, chemicals, systemic toxicity, and infectious organisms. Skin disorders like cancer, dermatitis, psoriasis, wounds, skin aging, acne, and skin infection occur frequently and can impact human life. According to a growing body of evidence, several studies have reported that natural products have the potential for treating skin disorders. Building on this information, this review provides brief information about the action of the most important in vitro and in vivo research on the use of ten selected natural products in inflammatory, neoplastic, and infectious skin disorders and their mechanisms that have been reported to date. The related studies and articles were searched from several databases, including PubMed, Google, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect. Ten natural products that have been reported widely on skin disorders were reviewed in this study, with most showing anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-microbial, and anti-cancer effects as the main therapeutic actions. Overall, most of the natural products reported in this review can reduce and suppress inflammatory markers, like tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), induce cancer cell death through apoptosis, and prevent bacteria, fungal, and virus infections indicating their potentials. This review also highlighted the challenges and opportunities of natural products in transdermal/topical delivery systems and their safety considerations for skin disorders. Our findings indicated that natural products might be a low-cost, well-tolerated, and safe treatment for skin diseases. However, a larger number of clinical trials are required to validate these findings. Natural products in combination with modern drugs, as well as the development of novel delivery mechanisms, represent a very promising area for future drug discovery of these natural leads against skin disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Amirah Mohd Zaid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh, 30450, Malaysia
| | - Mahendran Sekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh, 30450, Malaysia
| | - Srinivasa Reddy Bonam
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe-Immunopathologie et Immunointervention Thérapeutique, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Siew Hua Gan
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 47500, Malaysia
| | - Pei Teng Lum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh, 30450, Malaysia
| | - M Yasmin Begum
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University (KKU), Asir-Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nur Najihah Izzati Mat Rani
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh, 30450, Malaysia
| | - Jaishree Vaijanathappa
- Faculty of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research Mauritius, Vacoas-Phoenix, Mauritius
| | - Yuan Seng Wu
- Centre for Virus and Vaccine Research, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Chhabra S, Dogra S, Sharma K, Raychaudhuri SK, Raychaudhuri SP. Recent Update on Immunopathogenesis of Psoriasis. Indian J Dermatol 2022; 67:360-373. [PMID: 36578729 PMCID: PMC9792009 DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_569_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic disabling complex inflammatory disorder prevalent worldwide with environmental and genetic components that involve predominantly skin in addition to nails and joints associated with various systemic comorbidities having periods of exacerbations and remissions. Psoriasis is characterized by hyper-proliferation as well as abnormal differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes and lymphocyte infiltration (mainly T cells) with resultant inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Immunological and genetic studies over the last decade have identified genetic susceptibility risk alleles, molecular, cellular and immunological mechanisms involved in immunopathogenesis of psoriasis. The current disease model emphasizes the role of aberrant Th1 and Th17 responses regulated by a complex network of different cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-17 and IL-23; signal transduction pathways downstream to the cytokine receptors; and various activated transcription factors, including NF-κB, interferon regulatory factors and signal transducer and activator of transcriptions. Cytokines targeting biologics (IL-17, IL-23 and TNFα) therapies have revolutionized the management of severe skin disease having beneficial effects on joints and systemic inflammation of psoriasis as well. Further better understanding of immunopathogenesis of psoriasis will pave way for precision medicine based on specific immunopathogenic targets in a given phenotype of disease. Complex interplay of psoriasis with associated comorbidities is also a future area of research for overall better patient management and to improve their quality of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seema Chhabra
- From the Department of Immunopathology, Venereology and Leprology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Sunil Dogra
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Keshav Sharma
- From the Department of Immunopathology, Venereology and Leprology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Smriti K. Raychaudhuri
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, VA Northern California Health Care System, 10535 Hospital Way, Mather, CA, United States
| | - Siba P. Raychaudhuri
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, VA Northern California Health Care System, 10535 Hospital Way, Mather, CA, United States,Department of Dermatology, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Davis, CA, United States,Address for correspondence: Dr. Siba P. Raychaudhuri, Professor, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Program Director Rheumatology, Chief of Rheumatology, VA Northern California Health Care System, 10535 Hospital Way, Mather, CA - 95655, United States. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Dang VD, Stefanski AL, Lino AC, Dörner T. B- and Plasma Cell Subsets in Autoimmune Diseases: Translational Perspectives. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 142:811-822. [PMID: 34955289 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
B lymphocytes play a central role in immunity owing to their unique antibody-producing capacity that provides protection against certain infections and during vaccination. In autoimmune diseases, B cells can gain pathogenic relevance through autoantibody production, antigen presentation, and proinflammatory cytokine secretion. Recent data indicate that B and plasma cells can function as regulators through the production of immunoregulatory cytokines and/or employing checkpoint molecules. In this study, we review the key findings that define subsets of B and plasma cells with pathogenic and protective functions in autoimmunity. In addition to harsh B-cell depletion, we discuss the strategies that have the potential to reinstall the balance of pathogenic and protective B cells with the potential of more specific and personalized therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Van Duc Dang
- German Rheumatism Research Center (DRFZ) Berlin, a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Faculty of Biology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ana-Luisa Stefanski
- German Rheumatism Research Center (DRFZ) Berlin, a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreia C Lino
- German Rheumatism Research Center (DRFZ) Berlin, a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Dörner
- German Rheumatism Research Center (DRFZ) Berlin, a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Evtushenko NA, Beilin AK, Kosykh AV, Vorotelyak EA, Gurskaya NG. Keratins as an Inflammation Trigger Point in Epidermolysis Bullosa Simplex. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212446. [PMID: 34830328 PMCID: PMC8624175 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS) is a group of inherited keratinopathies that, in most cases, arise due to mutations in keratins and lead to intraepidermal ruptures. The cellular pathology of most EBS subtypes is associated with the fragility of the intermediate filament network, cytolysis of the basal layer of the epidermis, or attenuation of hemidesmosomal/desmosomal components. Mutations in keratins 5/14 or in other genes that encode associated proteins induce structural disarrangements of different strengths depending on their locations in the genes. Keratin aggregates display impaired dynamics of assembly and diminished solubility and appear to be the trigger for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress upon being phosphorylated by MAPKs. Global changes in cellular signaling mainly occur in cases of severe dominant EBS mutations. The spectrum of changes initiated by phosphorylation includes the inhibition of proteasome degradation, TNF-α signaling activation, deregulated proliferation, abnormal cell migration, and impaired adherence of keratinocytes. ER stress also leads to the release of proinflammatory danger-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecules, which enhance avalanche-like inflammation. Many instances of positive feedback in the course of cellular stress and the development of sterile inflammation led to systemic chronic inflammation in EBS. This highlights the role of keratin in the maintenance of epidermal and immune homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadezhda A. Evtushenko
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ostrovityanova 1, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (N.A.E.); (A.K.B.); (A.V.K.)
| | - Arkadii K. Beilin
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ostrovityanova 1, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (N.A.E.); (A.K.B.); (A.V.K.)
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova 26, 119334 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Anastasiya V. Kosykh
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ostrovityanova 1, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (N.A.E.); (A.K.B.); (A.V.K.)
| | - Ekaterina A. Vorotelyak
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova 26, 119334 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Nadya G. Gurskaya
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ostrovityanova 1, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (N.A.E.); (A.K.B.); (A.V.K.)
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kogame T, Kabashima K, Egawa G. Putative Immunological Functions of Inducible Skin-Associated Lymphoid Tissue in the Context of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue. Front Immunol 2021; 12:733484. [PMID: 34512668 PMCID: PMC8426509 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.733484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acquired immunity is orchestrated in various lymphoid organs, including bone marrow, thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes in humans. However, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) is evolutionally known to be emerged in the oldest vertebrates as an immunological tissue for acquired immunity, much earlier than the advent of lymph nodes which appeared in endotherms. Furthermore, the lymphocytes which developed in MALT are known to circulate within the limited anatomical areas. Thus, MALT is comprehended as not the structure but the immune network dedicated to local immunity. As for the skin, skin-associated lymphoid tissue (SALT) was previously postulated; however, its existence has not been proven. Our group recently showed that aggregations of dendritic cells, M2 macrophages, and high endothelial venules (HEVs) are essential components to activate effector T cells in the murine contact hypersensitivity model and termed it as inducible SALT (iSALT) since it was a transient entity that serves for acquired immunity of the skin. Furthermore, in various human skin diseases, we reported that the ectopic formation of lymphoid follicles that immunohistochemically analogous to MALT and regarded them as human counterparts of iSALT. These data raised the possibility that SALT can exist as an inducible form, namely iSALT, which shares the biological significance of MALT. In this article, we revisit the evolution of immunological organs and the related components among vertebrates to discuss the conserved functions of MALT. Furthermore, we also discuss the putative characteristics and functions of iSALT in the context of the MALT concept.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Kogame
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenji Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Gyohei Egawa
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Moreau JM, Lowe MM. B Home or You Are In Trouble: B Cell Integrin-Mediated Recruitment Attenuates Skin Inflammation. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 141:1885-1887. [PMID: 34303469 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.02.751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
B cells were long presumed to be a minor and functionally unimportant component of cutaneous immunobiology. However, it is now clear that these lymphocytes are present in healthy skin and accumulate during inflammatory disease. Aira and Debes (2021) identify ⍺4ꞵ1 integrin-mediated recruitment of IL-10+ B cells as a key pathway in attenuating skin inflammation. Their work provides valuable insight into the potential for B cells to regulate skin pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua M Moreau
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
| | - Margaret M Lowe
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Buters TP, Hameeteman PW, Jansen IME, van Hindevoort FC, Ten Voorde W, Florencia E, Osse M, de Kam ML, Grievink HW, Schoonakker M, Patel AA, Yona S, Gilroy DW, Lubberts E, Damman J, Feiss G, Rissmann R, Jansen MAA, Burggraaf J, Moerland M. Intradermal lipopolysaccharide challenge as an acute in vivo inflammatory model in healthy volunteers. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2021; 88:680-690. [PMID: 34293819 PMCID: PMC9290695 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.14999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Whereas intravenous administration of Toll‐like receptor 4 ligand lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to human volunteers is frequently used in clinical pharmacology studies, systemic use of LPS has practical limitations. We aimed to characterize the intradermal LPS response in healthy volunteers, and as such qualify the method as local inflammation model for clinical pharmacology studies. Methods Eighteen healthy male volunteers received 2 or 4 intradermal 5 ng LPS injections and 1 saline injection on the forearms. The LPS response was evaluated by noninvasive (perfusion, skin temperature and erythema) and invasive assessments (cellular and cytokine responses) in skin biopsy and blister exudate. Results LPS elicited a visible response and returned to baseline at 48 hours. Erythema, perfusion and temperature were statistically significant (P < .0001) over a 24‐hour time course compared to saline. The protein response was dominated by an acute interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐8 and tumour necrosis factor response followed by IL‐1β, IL‐10 and interferon‐γ. The cellular response consisted of an acute neutrophil influx followed by different monocyte subsets and dendritic cells. Discussion Intradermal LPS administration in humans causes an acute, localized and transient inflammatory reaction that is well‐tolerated by healthy volunteers. This may be a valuable inflammation model for evaluating the pharmacological activity of anti‐inflammatory investigational compounds in proof of pharmacology studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas P Buters
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Wouter Ten Voorde
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Edwin Florencia
- Department of Dermatology Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michelle Osse
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Amit A Patel
- Department Experimental & Translational Medicine, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Simon Yona
- Department Experimental & Translational Medicine, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Derek W Gilroy
- Department Experimental & Translational Medicine, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Erik Lubberts
- Department of Rheumatology Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeffrey Damman
- Department of Pathology Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gary Feiss
- Cutanea Life Sciences, Wayne, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert Rissmann
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jacobus Burggraaf
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Matthijs Moerland
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Rancan F, Jurisch J, Günday C, Türeli E, Blume-Peytavi U, Vogt A, Schaudinn C, Günday-Türeli N. Screening of Surfactants for Improved Delivery of Antimicrobials and Poly-Lactic- co-Glycolic Acid Particles in Wound Tissue. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1093. [PMID: 34371785 PMCID: PMC8308990 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13071093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Topical wound management is often a challenge due to the poor penetration of antimicrobials in wound tissue and across the biofilm matrix where bacteria are embedded. Surfactants have been used for decades to improve the stability of formulations, increase drug solubility, and enhance penetration. In this study, we screened different detergents with respect to their cytotoxicity and their ability to improve the penetration of poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) particles in wound tissue. Among the tested surfactants, Kolliphor SLS and Tween 80 increased the penetration of PLGA particles and had a limited cytotoxicity. Then, these surfactants were used to formulate PLGA particles loaded with the poorly water-soluble antibiotic ciprofloxacin. The antimicrobial efficacy of the formulations was tested in a wound infection model based on human ex vivo skin. We found that even though PLGA particles had the same antimicrobial efficiency than the particle-free drug formulation, thanks to their solubilizing and anti-biofilm properties, the surfactants remarkably improved the antimicrobial activity of ciprofloxacin with respect to the drug formulation in water. We conclude that the use of Tween 80 in antimicrobial formulations might be a safe and efficient option to improve the topical antimicrobial management of chronic wound infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fiorenza Rancan
- Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin 10117, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (J.J.); (U.B.-P.); (A.V.)
| | - Jana Jurisch
- Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin 10117, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (J.J.); (U.B.-P.); (A.V.)
| | - Cemre Günday
- MyBiotech, 66802 Überherrn, Germany; (C.G.); (E.T.); (N.G.-T.)
| | - Emre Türeli
- MyBiotech, 66802 Überherrn, Germany; (C.G.); (E.T.); (N.G.-T.)
| | - Ulrike Blume-Peytavi
- Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin 10117, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (J.J.); (U.B.-P.); (A.V.)
| | - Annika Vogt
- Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin 10117, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (J.J.); (U.B.-P.); (A.V.)
| | - Christoph Schaudinn
- Advanced Light and Electron Microscopy (Zentrum für Biologische Gefahren und Spezielle Pathogene 4), Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany;
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Jiang R, Meng H, Raddassi K, Fleming I, Hoehn KB, Dardick KR, Belperron AA, Montgomery RR, Shalek AK, Hafler DA, Kleinstein SH, Bockenstedt LK. Single-cell immunophenotyping of the skin lesion erythema migrans identifies IgM memory B cells. JCI Insight 2021; 6:148035. [PMID: 34061047 PMCID: PMC8262471 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.148035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin lesion erythema migrans (EM) is an initial sign of the Ixodes tick-transmitted Borreliella spirochetal infection known as Lyme disease. T cells and innate immune cells have previously been shown to predominate the EM lesion and promote the reaction. Despite the established importance of B cells and antibodies in preventing infection, the role of B cells in the skin immune response to Borreliella is unknown. Here, we used single-cell RNA-Seq in conjunction with B cell receptor (BCR) sequencing to immunophenotype EM lesions and their associated B cells and BCR repertoires. We found that B cells were more abundant in EM in comparison with autologous uninvolved skin; many were clonally expanded and had circulating relatives. EM-associated B cells upregulated the expression of MHC class II genes and exhibited preferential IgM isotype usage. A subset also exhibited low levels of somatic hypermutation despite a gene expression profile consistent with memory B cells. Our study demonstrates that single-cell gene expression with paired BCR sequencing can be used to interrogate the sparse B cell populations in human skin and reveals that B cells in the skin infection site in early Lyme disease expressed a phenotype consistent with local antigen presentation and antibody production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Khadir Raddassi
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ira Fleming
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | - Alexia A. Belperron
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ruth R. Montgomery
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Alex K. Shalek
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering & Science, Department of Chemistry, and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David A. Hafler
- Department of Immunobiology
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Steven H. Kleinstein
- Department of Immunobiology
- Department of Pathology, and
- Interdepartmental Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Linda K. Bockenstedt
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Estadt SN, Maz MP, Musai J, Kahlenberg JM. Mechanisms of Photosensitivity in Autoimmunity. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 142:849-856. [PMID: 34167786 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant responses to UV light frequently lead to the formation of skin lesions and the activation of systemic inflammation in some autoimmune diseases, especially systemic lupus erythematosus. Whereas the effects of UV light on the skin have been studied for decades, only recently have some of the mechanisms that contribute to abnormal responses to UV light in patients with autoimmune diseases been uncovered. This review will discuss the biology of UV in the epidermis and discuss the abnormal epidermal and inflammatory mechanisms that contribute to photosensitivity. Further research is required to fully understand how to normalize UV-mediated inflammation in patients with autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shannon N Estadt
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Graduate Program in Immunology, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Mitra P Maz
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Graduate Program in Immunology, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jon Musai
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - J Michelle Kahlenberg
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of Dermatology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Chu C, Zhao X, Rung S, Xiao W, Liu L, Qu Y, Man Y. Application of biomaterials in periodontal tissue repair and reconstruction in the presence of inflammation under periodontitis through the foreign body response: Recent progress and perspectives. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2021; 110:7-17. [PMID: 34142745 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis would cause dental tissue damage locally. Biomaterials substantially affect the surrounding immune microenvironment through treatment-oriented local inflammatory remodeling in dental periodontitis. This remodeling process is conducive to wound healing and periodontal tissue regeneration. Recent progress in understanding the foreign body response (FBR) and immune regulation, including cell heterogeneity, and cell-cell and cell-material interactions, has provided new insights into the design criteria for biomaterials applied in treatment of periodontitis. This review discusses recent progress and perspectives in the immune regulation effects of biomaterials to augment or reconstruct soft and hard tissue in an inflammatory microenvironment of periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Chu
- Department of Oral Implantology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiwen Zhao
- Department of Oral Implantology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shengan Rung
- Department of Oral Implantology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenlan Xiao
- Department of Oral Implantology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yili Qu
- Department of Oral Implantology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Man
- Department of Oral Implantology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Slominski RM, Raman C, Elmets C, Jetten AM, Slominski AT, Tuckey RC. The significance of CYP11A1 expression in skin physiology and pathology. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 530:111238. [PMID: 33716049 PMCID: PMC8205265 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
CYP11A1, a member of the cytochrome P450 family, plays several key roles in the human body. It catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step in steroidogenesis, converting cholesterol to pregnenolone. Aside from the classical steroidogenic tissues such as the adrenals, gonads and placenta, CYP11A1 has also been found in the brain, gastrointestinal tract, immune systems, and finally the skin. CYP11A1 activity in the skin is regulated predominately by StAR protein and hence cholesterol levels in the mitochondria. However, UVB, UVC, CRH, ACTH, cAMP, and cytokines IL-1, IL-6 and TNFα can also regulate its expression and activity. Indeed, CYP11A1 plays several critical roles in the skin through its initiation of local steroidogenesis and specific metabolism of vitamin D, lumisterol, and 7-dehydrocholesterol. Products of these pathways regulate the protective barrier and skin immune functions in a context-dependent fashion through interactions with a number of receptors. Disturbances in CYP11A1 activity can lead to skin pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R M Slominski
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, USA; Department of Dermatology, USA
| | - C Raman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, USA; Department of Dermatology, USA
| | - C Elmets
- Department of Dermatology, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cancer Chemoprevention Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA
| | - A M Jetten
- Cell Biology Section, Immunity, Inflammation, Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - A T Slominski
- Department of Dermatology, USA; VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - R C Tuckey
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Niec RE, Rudensky AY, Fuchs E. Inflammatory adaptation in barrier tissues. Cell 2021; 184:3361-3375. [PMID: 34171319 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Surface epithelia provide a critical barrier to the outside world. Upon a barrier breach, resident epithelial and immune cells coordinate efforts to control infections and heal tissue damage. Inflammation can etch lasting marks within tissues, altering features such as scope and quality of future responses. By remembering inflammatory experiences, tissues are better equipped to quickly and robustly respond to barrier breaches. Alarmingly, in disease states, memory may fuel the inflammatory fire. Here, we review the cellular communication networks in barrier tissues and the integration between tissue-resident and recruited immune cells and tissue stem cells underlying tissue adaptation to environmental stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E Niec
- Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Alexander Y Rudensky
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Ludwig Center at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Elaine Fuchs
- Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Raziyeva K, Kim Y, Zharkinbekov Z, Kassymbek K, Jimi S, Saparov A. Immunology of Acute and Chronic Wound Healing. Biomolecules 2021; 11:700. [PMID: 34066746 PMCID: PMC8150999 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 290] [Impact Index Per Article: 96.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin wounds greatly affect the global healthcare system, creating a substantial burden on the economy and society. Moreover, the situation is exacerbated by low healing rates, which in fact are overestimated in reports. Cutaneous wounds are generally classified into acute and chronic. The immune response plays an important role during acute wound healing. The activation of immune cells and factors initiate the inflammatory process, facilitate wound cleansing and promote subsequent tissue healing. However, dysregulation of the immune system during the wound healing process leads to persistent inflammation and delayed healing, which ultimately result in chronic wounds. The microenvironment of a chronic wound is characterized by high quantities of pro-inflammatory macrophages, overexpression of inflammatory mediators such as TNF-α and IL-1β, increased activity of matrix metalloproteinases and abundance of reactive oxygen species. Moreover, chronic wounds are frequently complicated by bacterial biofilms, which perpetuate the inflammatory phase. Continuous inflammation and microbial biofilms make it very difficult for the chronic wounds to heal. In this review, we discuss the role of innate and adaptive immunity in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic wounds. Furthermore, we review the latest immunomodulatory therapeutic strategies, including modifying macrophage phenotype, regulating miRNA expression and targeting pro- and anti-inflammatory factors to improve wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Raziyeva
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan; (K.R.); (Y.K.); (Z.Z.); (K.K.)
| | - Yevgeniy Kim
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan; (K.R.); (Y.K.); (Z.Z.); (K.K.)
| | - Zharylkasyn Zharkinbekov
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan; (K.R.); (Y.K.); (Z.Z.); (K.K.)
| | - Kuat Kassymbek
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan; (K.R.); (Y.K.); (Z.Z.); (K.K.)
| | - Shiro Jimi
- Central Lab for Pathology and Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan;
| | - Arman Saparov
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan; (K.R.); (Y.K.); (Z.Z.); (K.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Pilkington SM, Bulfone-Paus S, Griffiths CE, Watson RE. Inflammaging and the Skin. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 141:1087-1095. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
45
|
Lerman I, Mitchell DC, Richardson CT. Human cutaneous B cells: what do we really know? ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:440. [PMID: 33842661 PMCID: PMC8033329 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-5185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
B cells play many critical roles in the systemic immune response, including antibody secretion, antigen presentation, T cell co-stimulation, and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine production. However, the contribution of B cells to the local immune response in many non-lymphoid tissues, such as the skin, is incompletely understood. Cutaneous B cells are scarce except in certain malignant and inflammatory conditions, and as such, have been poorly characterized until recently. Emerging evidence now suggests an important role for cutaneous B in both skin homeostasis and pathogenesis of skin disease. Herein, we discuss the potential mechanisms for cutaneous B cell recruitment, localized antibody production, and T cell interaction in human skin infections and primary skin malignancies (i.e., melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma). We further consider the likely contribution of cutaneous B cells to the pathogenesis of inflammatory skin diseases, including pemphigus vulgaris, lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, hidradenitis suppurativa, and atopic dermatitis. Finally, we examine the feasibility of B cell targeted therapy in the dermatologic setting, emphasizing areas that are still open to investigation. Through this review, we hope to highlight what we really know about cutaneous B cells in human skin, which can sometimes be lost in reviews that more broadly incorporate extensive data from animal models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irina Lerman
- University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Drew C Mitchell
- University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Christopher T Richardson
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.,Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Aira LE, Debes GF. Skin-Homing Regulatory B Cells Required for Suppression of Cutaneous Inflammation. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 141:1995-2005.e6. [PMID: 33577766 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pro and anti-inflammatory B-cell subsets that localize to unperturbed and inflamed skin are newly emerging components of the skin immune system. To test the relevance of regulatory B cells (Bregs) in the suppression of cutaneous inflammation, we asked whether impaired migration of these cells into the skin exacerbates skin inflammation. Using a mouse model with a B-cell‒specific tamoxifen-inducible deletion of α4β1 integrin, we demonstrate that selective disruption of α4β1-integrin expression in B cells significantly decreases IL-10+ Bregs in inflamed skin, whereas it does not affect their counterparts in lymphoid tissues. Impaired skin homing and reduced cutaneous accumulation of IL-10+ Bregs lead to a significant increase in clinical and histopathological parameters of inflammation in both psoriasiform skin inflammation and cutaneous delayed contact hypersensitivity. Thus, our data show a crucial function of skin-homing IL-10+ Bregs in the suppression of skin inflammation, supporting the notion that Bregs are critical players in the cutaneous environment during inflammatory skin diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lazaro Emilio Aira
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Gudrun Fiona Debes
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
de Jesús-Gil C, Sans-de San Nicolàs L, Ruiz-Romeu E, Ferran M, Soria-Martínez L, García-Jiménez I, Chiriac A, Casanova-Seuma JM, Fernández-Armenteros JM, Owens S, Celada A, Howell MD, Pujol RM, Santamaria-Babí LF. Interplay between Humoral and CLA + T Cell Response against Candida albicans in Psoriasis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041519. [PMID: 33546306 PMCID: PMC7913574 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans (CA) infections have been associated with psoriasis onset or disease flares. However, the integrated immune response against this fungus is still poorly characterized in psoriasis. We studied specific immunoglobulins in plasma and the CA response in cocultures of circulating memory CD45RA- cutaneous lymphocyte antigen (CLA)+/- T cell with autologous epidermal cells from plaque and guttate psoriasis patients (cohort 1, n = 52), and also healthy individuals (n = 17). A complete proteomic profile was also evaluated in plaque psoriasis patients (cohort 2, n = 114) regarding their anti-CA IgA levels. Increased anti-CA IgA and IgG levels are present in the plasma from plaque but not guttate psoriasis compared to healthy controls. CA cellular response is confined to CLA+ T cells and is primarily Th17. The levels of anti-CA IgA are directly associated with CLA+ Th17 response in plaque psoriasis. Proteomic analysis revealed distinct profiles in psoriasis patients with high anti-CA IgA. C-C motif chemokine ligand 18, chitinase-3-like protein 1 and azurocidin were significantly elevated in the plasma from plaque psoriasis patients with high anti-CA levels and severe disease. Our results indicate a mechanism by which Candida albicans exposure can trigger a clinically relevant IL-17 response in psoriasis. Assessing anti-CA IgA levels may be useful in order to evaluate chronic psoriasis patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen de Jesús-Gil
- Translational Immunology, Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (C.d.J.-G.); (L.S.-d.S.N.); (E.R.-R.); (L.S.-M.); (I.G.-J.)
| | - Lídia Sans-de San Nicolàs
- Translational Immunology, Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (C.d.J.-G.); (L.S.-d.S.N.); (E.R.-R.); (L.S.-M.); (I.G.-J.)
| | - Ester Ruiz-Romeu
- Translational Immunology, Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (C.d.J.-G.); (L.S.-d.S.N.); (E.R.-R.); (L.S.-M.); (I.G.-J.)
| | - Marta Ferran
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.F.); (R.M.P.)
| | - Laura Soria-Martínez
- Translational Immunology, Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (C.d.J.-G.); (L.S.-d.S.N.); (E.R.-R.); (L.S.-M.); (I.G.-J.)
| | - Irene García-Jiménez
- Translational Immunology, Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (C.d.J.-G.); (L.S.-d.S.N.); (E.R.-R.); (L.S.-M.); (I.G.-J.)
| | - Anca Chiriac
- Department of Dermatophysiology, Apollonia University, 700613 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Josep Manel Casanova-Seuma
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (J.M.C.-S.); (J.M.F.-A.)
| | | | - Sherry Owens
- Translational Sciences, Incyte Corporation, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA; (S.O.); (M.D.H.)
| | - Antonio Celada
- Macrophage Biology, Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Michael D. Howell
- Translational Sciences, Incyte Corporation, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA; (S.O.); (M.D.H.)
| | - Ramòn María Pujol
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.F.); (R.M.P.)
| | - Luis Francisco Santamaria-Babí
- Translational Immunology, Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (C.d.J.-G.); (L.S.-d.S.N.); (E.R.-R.); (L.S.-M.); (I.G.-J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-677375160
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Interplay between ESKAPE Pathogens and Immunity in Skin Infections: An Overview of the Major Determinants of Virulence and Antibiotic Resistance. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10020148. [PMID: 33540588 PMCID: PMC7912840 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10020148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin is the largest organ in the human body, acting as a physical and immunological barrier against pathogenic microorganisms. The cutaneous lesions constitute a gateway for microbial contamination that can lead to chronic wounds and other invasive infections. Chronic wounds are considered as serious public health problems due the related social, psychological and economic consequences. The group of bacteria known as ESKAPE (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter sp.) are among the most prevalent bacteria in cutaneous infections. These pathogens have a high level of incidence in hospital environments and several strains present phenotypes of multidrug resistance. In this review, we discuss some important aspects of skin immunology and the involvement of ESKAPE in wound infections. First, we introduce some fundamental aspects of skin physiology and immunology related to cutaneous infections. Following this, the major virulence factors involved in colonization and tissue damage are highlighted, as well as the most frequently detected antimicrobial resistance genes. ESKAPE pathogens express several virulence determinants that overcome the skin's physical and immunological barriers, enabling them to cause severe wound infections. The high ability these bacteria to acquire resistance is alarming, particularly in the hospital settings where immunocompromised individuals are exposed to these pathogens. Knowledge about the virulence and resistance markers of these species is important in order to develop new strategies to detect and treat their associated infections.
Collapse
|
49
|
Wang Y, Zhang W, Lim SM, Xu L, Jin JO. Interleukin-10-Producing B Cells Help Suppress Ovariectomy-Mediated Osteoporosis. Immune Netw 2020; 20:e50. [PMID: 33425435 PMCID: PMC7779870 DOI: 10.4110/in.2020.20.e50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is prevalent in elderly women and it may cause dental implant failure. In particular, estrogen deficiency in postmenopausal women leads to higher rates of osteoporosis prevalence. Immune cell-mediated effects involving the development of osteoporosis have been studied previously; however, the role of IL-10-producing regulatory B (B10) cells in osteoporosis is largely unclear. Here, we examined the role of B10 cells in osteoporosis. C57BL/6 mice were subjected to ovariectomy (OVX). Fifteen weeks after OVX surgery, the first molar of the right maxillary was extracted, and twenty-four weeks after OVX surgery, serous progression of osteoporosis was observed in the alveolar bone. Moreover, the proportion of CD19+CD5+CD1dhigh regulatory B cells, B10, and CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells from the spleen of OVX mice decreased during the progression of osteoporosis, compared to controls. In contrast to regulatory cells, IL-17-producing Th (Th17) cell levels were increased in OVX mice. Adoptive transfer of B10 cells to OVX mice led to a decrease in Th17 cell abundance and inhibited the development of osteoporosis in the alveolar bone from OVX mice. Thus, our results suggest that B10 cells may help suppress osteoporosis development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Seong-Min Lim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea.,Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
| | - Li Xu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Jun-O Jin
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea.,Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Skin-Associated B Cells in the Pathogenesis of Cutaneous Autoimmune Diseases-Implications for Therapeutic Approaches. Cells 2020; 9:cells9122627. [PMID: 33297481 PMCID: PMC7762338 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
B lymphocytes are crucial mediators of systemic immune responses and are known to be substantial in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases with cutaneous manifestations. Amongst them are lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis, systemic sclerosis and psoriasis, and particularly those driven by autoantibodies such as pemphigus and pemphigoid. However, the concept of autoreactive skin-associated B cells, which may reside in the skin and locally contribute to chronic inflammation, is gradually evolving. These cells are believed to differ from B cells of primary and secondary lymphoid organs and may provide additional features besides autoantibody production, including cytokine expression and crosstalk to autoreactive T cells in an antigen-presenting manner. In chronically inflamed skin, B cells may appear in tertiary lymphoid structures. Those abnormal lymph node-like structures comprise a network of immune and stromal cells possibly enriched by vascular structures and thus constitute an ideal niche for local autoimmune responses. In this review, we describe current considerations of different B cell subsets and their assumed role in skin autoimmunity. Moreover, we discuss traditional and B cell-associated approaches for the treatment of autoimmune skin diseases, including drugs targeting B cells (e.g., CD19- and CD20-antibodies), plasma cells (e.g., proteasome inhibitors, CXCR4 antagonists), activated pathways (such as BTK- and PI3K-inhibitors) and associated activator molecules (BLyS, APRIL).
Collapse
|