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Nsour MA, Khader Y, Al-Hadeethi OA, Kufoof L. Adaptation, implementation, and evaluation of the HEARTS technical package in primary health care settings in Jordan to improve the management of hypertension: a pilot study. J Hum Hypertens 2023; 37:950-956. [PMID: 36494515 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-022-00792-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The majority of patients with hypertension in Jordan have uncontrolled blood pressure. This study aimed to adapt and implement the hypertension management protocol (a module in the HEARTS technical package) in health care centers in Jordan and evaluate its effectiveness on hypertension management and control. The hypertension management protocol was adapted and implemented in six health centers followed by training of the healthcare staff on the adapted protocol. Patients above 18 years old who attended health centers during the study period were recruited consecutively. The blood pressure of 852 patients was monitored over 4 months, using an individual patient treatment card. At the baseline visit, the proportion of patients with uncontrolled blood pressure was 71.5%. After 4 months of the implementation of the protocol, the proportion of patients with uncontrolled blood pressure decreased to 29.1%. Of all studied characteristics, age was the only significant predictor of achieving blood pressure control. Patients aged ≤50 had a higher rate of controlled blood pressure readings after 4 months of implementation of the protocol compared to patients older than 60 years (OR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.07, 3.67; P value = 0.028). In conclusion, the implementation of the HEARTS hypertension management protocol has successfully achieved better control of the blood pressure of the enrolled patients after 4 months of implementation. To achieve better control of hypertension in the general population, integrating evidence-based strategies for hypertension control that are listed in the HEART technical package into routine care is strongly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohannad Al Nsour
- Global Health Development|Eastern Mediterranean Public Health Network (GHD|EMPHNET), Amman, Jordan
| | - Yousef Khader
- Global Health Development|Eastern Mediterranean Public Health Network (GHD|EMPHNET), Amman, Jordan.
- Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
| | - Omar Alaa Al-Hadeethi
- Global Health Development|Eastern Mediterranean Public Health Network (GHD|EMPHNET), Amman, Jordan
| | - Lara Kufoof
- Global Health Development|Eastern Mediterranean Public Health Network (GHD|EMPHNET), Amman, Jordan
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2
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Alhawari H, AlShelleh S, Alhawari H, AlRyalat SA, Khanfar AN, Alzoubi O. Prevalence of Undiagnosed Hypertension and Its Predictors in Jordan: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:7919-7928. [PMID: 36317098 PMCID: PMC9617551 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s388121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hypertension is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Undiagnosed hypertension is a serious issue that leads to increased morbidity and mortality. In this study, we aim to identify the prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension in the healthy Jordanian population, as well as identify predictors of high blood pressure readings in presumably healthy Jordanians. Materials and Methods We recruited healthy visitors accompanying patients at our Jordan University Hospital Clinics ranging from 18 to 80 years of age. We measured each participant's systolic and diastolic blood pressure at our outpatient clinics on two different days, one week apart. We also obtained demographic data, weight, height, smoking status, and family history of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. Results A total of 896 participants were included in this study with a mean age of 48 years. The median of systolic blood pressure readings was 125 mmHg, and the median of diastolic blood pressure readings was 83 mmHg. 38.5% had undiagnosed stage 1 hypertension and 30.5% had undiagnosed stage 2 hypertension according to the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines. On the other hand, 25.4% had undiagnosed grade 1 hypertension and 5.1% had undiagnosed grade 2 hypertension according to the European Society of Hypertension guidelines. Conclusion According to the ACC/AHA guidelines, 68.5% of previously healthy Jordanians met the criteria to be diagnosed with hypertension. Predictors of high systolic blood pressure were age, BMI and family history of CAD, while female gender is associated with a lower systolic blood pressure. For diastolic blood pressure, only BMI and family history of CAD were associated with significantly higher diastolic blood pressure, while female gender and exercise were significantly associated with lower diastolic blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Alhawari
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, the University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan,Correspondence: Hussein Alhawari, Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan, Email
| | - Sameeha AlShelleh
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, the University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Hussam Alhawari
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, the University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Saif Aldeen AlRyalat
- Department of Special Surgery, School of Medicine, the University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Asim N Khanfar
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, the University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Osama Alzoubi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, the University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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Singh SK, Sharma SK, Mohanty SK, Mishra R, Porwal A, Kishan Gulati B. Inconsistency in prevalence of hypertension based on self-reports and use of standard tests: Implications for large scale surveys. SSM Popul Health 2022; 19:101255. [PMID: 36217312 PMCID: PMC9547289 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Biomarkers are increasingly integrated into population-based surveys to provide reliable estimates of the prevalence of specific diseases. The Demographic and Health Surveys have recently incorporated blood pressure measurements; however, little is known about the extent of agreement between measured and reported levels of hypertension in India. The objective of this study was to examine the extent of agreement between self-reported hypertension and the results of standard blood pressure measurements, as well as to explore the risk groups and factors associated with inconsistencies in self-reported and biomedically measured hypertension. Methods Reliability measures such as sensitivity, specificity, and kappa statistics were used to examine inconsistencies in self-reported and biomedically measured hypertension in the National Family Health Survey-4 data. Multilevel logistic models were adopted to analyse the respondent characteristics related to both false-positive and false-negative responses in the survey. Results Compared to biomedically measured hypertension, self-reported hypertension was inconsistent and disproportionate at disaggregated levels in India. While self-reports severely underestimated hypertension among men aged 15-54 years and women aged 35-49 years, it overestimated hypertension among women below the age of 35 years. The inconsistency in self-reported and biomedically examined hypertension had deviations from a sex standpoint. Women aged <35 years reported a false-positive prevalence of hypertension. False-negative responses were elucidated among women aged ≥35 years and men aged 15-54 years. The likelihood of false-positive responses was higher among pregnant and obese respondents, and those who consumed alcohol. Conclusion The significant deviance of self-reporting of hypertension from the prevalence derived based on standard tests further indicates the need for adopting standard tests in all emerging future large-scale surveys. A back-check survey is recommended to understand and differentiate the excessive false-positive reporting of hypertension among women aged 15-35 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shri Kant Singh
- Department of Survey Research & Data Analytics, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Sharma
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India,Corresponding author.
| | - Sanjay K. Mohanty
- Department of Population & Development, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | | | | | - Bal Kishan Gulati
- National Institute of Medical Statistics, Indian Council of Medical Research, India
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Okati-Aliabad H, Ansari-Moghaddam A, Kargar S, Mohammadi M. Prevalence of hypertension and pre-hypertension in the Middle East region: a systematic review & meta-analysis. J Hum Hypertens 2022; 36:794-804. [PMID: 35031669 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-021-00647-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity globally. This study aimed to obtain an overall regional estimate of the prevalence of hypertension and pre-hypertension and present the disease pattern based on the age and time in the Middle East region. We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, Medline for articles on the prevalence of hypertension, pre-hypertension among countries of the Middle East region from 1999 to 2019. STATA-14 was used to analyze the data. Data were pooled using a random-effects meta-analysis model, and heterogeneity between studies was assessed using I2 test and subgroup analysis. A total of eighty-three studies with 479816 participants met the criteria for inclusion in the meta-analysis process. The overall prevalence of hypertension and pre-hypertension in the Middle East region were 24.36% (95% CI: 19.06-31.14) and 28. 60% (95% CI: 24.19-33.80), respectively. An increasing trend in the prevalence of hypertension was observed with the increasing age. The prevalence of hypertension in the ≤ 49-year-old age group was 17.13% (95% CI: 13.79-21.27) and in people over 60 years was 61.24% (95% CI: 55.30-67.81) (P < 0.001). This pattern has been similar among both males and females. On the other hand, a decreasing trend in the prevalence of pre-hypertension was observed with the increasing age. The increasing trend in the prevalence of hypertension and decreasing trend in the prevalence of pre-hypertension with age are significant concerns in the Middle East region. Screening for the prevention and control of hypertension should prioritize public health programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Okati-Aliabad
- Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | | | - Shiva Kargar
- Gerash University of Medical Sciences, Gerash, Iran.
| | - Mahdi Mohammadi
- Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
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5
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The capacity of primary health care centers in Jordan to manage hypertension: areas for improvement. J Hum Hypertens 2022; 36:473-481. [PMID: 33106597 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-020-00433-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The assessment of the capacity of Primary Health Care (PHC) settings for the management of hypertension is essential to identify areas for improving management outcomes. This study aimed to assess the capacity of PHC centers in Jordan to manage hypertension including the assessment of human resources, equipment, and infrastructure. All comprehensive PHC centers located in Irbid and Mafraq governorates in north of Jordan (n = 23) were assessed. An assessment tool from HEARTS Technical Package was adapted and used for assessment. All centers have general practitioners and half of the centers (n = 11, 47.8%) had at least one family doctor working full time. In only one center, all doctors, nurses, and other health workers were trained on the management of hypertension. All centers, except one, had at least one functional automatic blood pressure measuring devices (BPMDs). Almost two thirds of centers (43.5%) had no measuring tapes. ECG machines were present in all centers except two. One third (n = 8, 34.8%) of centers had no functional glucometers. The majority of health centres carry out the laboratory investigations. Educational materials on physical activity, hypertension, and diabetes were seen in four (17.4%) centers only. Necessary medications were always available in the majority of health centers. In conclusion, this assessment revealed many areas for improvement in human resources, equipment, infrastructures, and other resources, such as developing an updated guideline/protocol of hypertension management, training the PHC staff on these guidelines, providing PHC centers with the necessary equipment, and establishing e-registry to improve documentation of data.
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Mohammadian Khonsari N, Shahrestanaki E, Ejtahed HS, Djalalinia S, Sheidaei A, Hakak-Zargar B, Heshmati J, Mahdavi-Gorabi A, Qorbani M. Long-term Trends in Hypertension Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control Rate in the Middle East and North Africa: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of 178 Population-Based Studies. Curr Hypertens Rep 2021; 23:41. [PMID: 34625888 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-021-01159-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This study investigated and pooled the long-term trends in prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension (HTN) in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, EMBASE, and Scopus between database inception and November 2020. All cross-sectional studies that investigated the prevalence of pre-HTN, HTN, awareness, treatment, and control in the MENA counties were included. The selection study, data extraction, and quality assessment were conducted by two investigators independently. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed using Cochran's Q test and I-squared, and due to sever heterogeneity between studies, the random effect model was used to pool the estimates. Sensitivity analysis was performed to estimate the long-term trends in prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control rates of HTN according to definition of HTN as systolic blood pressure of 140 mm Hg or more, or diastolic blood pressure of 90 mm Hg or more, or being on pharmacological treatment for HTN. RECENT FINDINGS Overall, 178 studies met the inclusion criteria. Studies comprised 2,262,797 participants with a mean age of 45.72 ± 8.84 years. According to random effect model, the pooled prevalence of pre-HTN and HTN was 33% (95% CI 28, 39) and 26% (25, 27), respectively. Over the past three decades, prevalence of hypertension increased significantly in the region. The pooled awareness, treatment, and control rates were 50% (48, 53), 41% (38, 44), and 19% (17, 21), receptively. The pooled awareness, treatment, and control rates of HTN were lower significantly in men than women. According to definition of HTN as blood pressures above 140/90 mm Hg, over the past three decades, although the awareness and treatment rates did not change significantly, the control rates improved significantly in the region. The findings showed that HTN is a significant public health problem in the MENA region. Although there are low levels of pooled awareness, treatment, and control rates, the control rates improved over the past three decades in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ehsan Shahrestanaki
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Djalalinia
- Deputy of Research and Technology, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran.,Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Sheidaei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Javad Heshmati
- Songhor Healthcare Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Armita Mahdavi-Gorabi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran. .,Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Andualem A, Liknaw T, Edmealem A, Gedefaw M. Adherence to antihypertensive medications among adult hypertensive patients attending chronic follow-up units of Dessie Referral Hospital, Northeastern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e26818. [PMID: 34397841 PMCID: PMC8341316 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000026818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is the leading cause of increased morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. Despite adherence to therapies is the important determinant of treatment success to reduce apparent resistant hypertension, maintaining good adherence to antihypertensive medications remained the most serious challenge. Thus, this study aimed to assess adherence to antihypertensive medications among adult hypertensive patients in Dessie Referral Hospital.A cross-sectional study design was conducted among hypertensive patients during May and June 2020. The study participants were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. The collected data were entered into EpiData version 4.4 and exported to SPSS version 25.0 software for data cleaning and analysis. Data were analyzed using bivariable and multivariable logistic regression at a 95% confidence interval (CI). A variable that has a P-value < .05 was declared as statistically significant. Hosmer-Lemeshow test was used to test goodness-of-fit and multicollinearity was tested.The overall good adherence to antihypertensive medications was 51.9%; 95% CI: (46.8-58.3%) and poor adherence was 48.1%. Factors associated with good adherence were: sex-female adjusted odd ratio (AOR) = 1.31; 95% CI (1.06-2.52), occupational status-employed AOR = 2.24; 95% CI (1.33-3.72), good knowledge of the disease AOR = 2.20; 95% CI (1.34-3.72) and good self-efficacy AOR = 1.38; 95% CI (1.20-2.13).This study revealed that almost half of the hypertensive patients in Dessie Referral Hospital had good antihypertensive medication adherence. Sex, occupational status, knowledge, and self-efficacy were factors associated with good adherence. Therefore, health education should be given to patients on the importance of complying with medication and patients should be monitored by health extension workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsedemariam Andualem
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Tiliksew Liknaw
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Afework Edmealem
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Mihretie Gedefaw
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
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Tozivepi SN, Takawira S, Chikaka E, Mundagowa P, Chadambuka EM, Mukora-Mutseyekwa F. The Nexus Between Adherence to Recommended Lifestyle Behaviors and Blood Pressure Control in Hypertensive Patients at Mutare Provincial Hospital, Zimbabwe: A Cross-Sectional Study. Patient Prefer Adherence 2021; 15:1027-1037. [PMID: 34040356 PMCID: PMC8140922 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s306885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the association between the achievement of blood pressure (BP) control and adherence to recommended lifestyle behaviors among hypertensive patients seen at Mutare Provincial Hospital, Zimbabwe. PATIENTS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted using BP readings from three consecutive months. A structured interviewer-administered and pretested questionnaire with components derived from the World Health Organization Stepwise Survey was employed to extract information from 350 purposively selected participants. Measurement of BP was based on the Eighth Joint National Committee Guidelines. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were computed using the SPSS package. RESULTS The mean age of the 350 participants was 67±11.38 years. Males made up 35% of the participants and BP control was achieved in 41.4% of the patients. Only 5.1% of the participants reported adherence to all the recommended lifestyle behaviors. Low adherence rates were reported for diet, medication, and physical activity. Bivariate analysis showed that participants who adhered to antihypertensive treatment and alcohol recommendations had reduced odds of having uncontrolled hypertension, while consuming deep-fat fried foods ≥3 times a week was associated with higher odds of uncontrolled BP (p<0.1). Logistic regression analysis revealed that participants who ate traditional whole-grain "sadza" or porridge were more likely to have controlled BP [adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 1.6; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.0-2.5] while those who did not add salt at the table had reduced odds of having uncontrolled BP by 40% (AOR: 0.6; 95% CI: 0.4-0.9). CONCLUSION Overall, adherence to the recommended lifestyle behaviors which are known to be effective in controlling BP in Mutare was poor. Health workers should include comprehensive health education messages on the importance of compliance with dietary, medication, and physical exercise recommendations when counseling patients. The intervention crafting process should focus on identifying enablers of the recommended lifestyle behaviors in the community and the health delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha N Tozivepi
- Clinical Research Centre, Africa University, Mutare, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe
| | - Simon Takawira
- Department of Health Sciences, Africa University, Mutare, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe
| | - Elliot Chikaka
- Department of Health Sciences, Africa University, Mutare, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe
| | - Paddington Mundagowa
- Clinical Research Centre, Africa University, Mutare, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe
- Correspondence: Paddington Mundagowa Africa University Clinical Research Center, 132 Herbert Chitepo Street, Mutare, ZimbabweTel +263 773 878 116 Email
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Almomani MH, Rababa M, Alzoubi F, Alnuaimi K, Alnatour A, Ali RA. Effects of a health education intervention on knowledge and attitudes towards chronic non-communicable diseases among undergraduate students in Jordan. Nurs Open 2021; 8:333-342. [PMID: 33318841 PMCID: PMC7729627 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To assess the effect of a health promotion course on knowledge and attitudes towards chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCDs) among undergraduate students in a Jordanian university. Design A one-group pre-test-post-test study design was used. Methods A convenience sample of 178 undergraduate students registered in a 3-credit health promotion course was enrolled in the study and completed both pre- and post-tests. This course is offered as an elective course for undergraduate students by the Faculty of Nursing at a large public university in Jordan. Twelve, one-hour interactive sessions regarding CNCDs topics were delivered over 3 weeks as part of the health promotion course. A computer-based questionnaire was used to evaluate students' knowledge and attitudes towards CNCDs including diabetes, hypertension and cancer, before and after undertaking the course. Results There was a significant improvement in the overall knowledge (Cohen's d effect size (d) = 1.08) and attitudes (d = 0.62) among all the students, regardless of gender. The overall knowledge and attitudes scores were significantly higher among females in the pre-test, but the differences in their overall scores became insignificant in the post-test. Education on specific topics was effective in improving university students' knowledge and attitudes about health-promoting behaviours, thereby preventing CNCDs. It is important to incorporate health promotion education regarding CNCDs into university curricula using innovative approaches to enhance healthy behaviours in young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maysa H. Almomani
- Department of Adult Health NursingFaculty of NursingJordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbidJordan
| | - Mohammad Rababa
- Department of Adult Health NursingFaculty of NursingJordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbidJordan
| | - Fatmeh Alzoubi
- Department of Community and Mental Health NursingFaculty of NursingJordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbidJordan
| | - Karimeh Alnuaimi
- Department of MidwiferyFaculty of NursingJordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbidJordan
| | - Ahlam Alnatour
- Department of Community and Mental Health NursingFaculty of NursingJordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbidJordan
| | - Reem A Ali
- Department of Maternal and Child Health NursingFaculty of NursingJordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbidJordan
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Almeida V, Seto T, Banna J. Considerations for Measurement of Sodium Intake. Am J Lifestyle Med 2020; 14:585-588. [PMID: 33117098 DOI: 10.1177/1559827620946737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Current salt consumption is the major risk factor for hypertension and consequently cardiovascular disease (CVD). Accurate measurement of Na intake is an important component of developing dietary interventions to treat hypertension and lower CVD risk. Given that existing methods have a large subject burden, quick and practical ways to assess Na intake in individuals, particularly in hypertensive subjects, are needed. Such tools may be used for motivation to quantify salt intake and to set targets for lifestyle changes for prevention of CVD within a clinic setting. Patients at high risk of development of CVD may be identified and targeted for motivational interviewing. They may also be used as part of cardiac rehabilitation programs and will allow individuals to measure their own intake and to see the results of their individual action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Almeida
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Todd Seto
- Department of Medicine, University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Jinan Banna
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
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Akl C, Akik C, Ghattas H, Obermeyer CM. The cascade of care in managing hypertension in the Arab world: a systematic assessment of the evidence on awareness, treatment and control. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:835. [PMID: 32493255 PMCID: PMC7268748 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-08678-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension is a leading risk factor for mortality and morbidity globally and in the Arab world. We summarize the evidence on awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension, to assess the extent of gaps in the hypertension continuum of care. We also assess the influence of gender and other social determinants at each level of the cascade of care. METHODS We searched MEDLINE and SSCI databases for studies published between 2000 and 2017, reporting the rates of awareness, treatment or control of hypertension and/or their determinants in the Arab region. We included sources on both general populations and on clinical populations. The review process was based on the PRISMA guidelines. We present rates on the three stages of the care cascade corresponding to (1) awareness (2) treatment and (3) control of blood pressure, and estimated the losses that occur when moving from one stage to another. We also take stock of the evidence on social determinants and assess the statistical significance of gender differences in awareness, treatment and control. RESULTS Data from 73 articles were included. Substantial proportions of hypertensives were lost at each step of the hypertension care continuum, with more missed opportunities for care resulting from lack of awareness of hypertension and from uncontrolled blood pressure. More than 40% and 19% of all hypertensive individuals were found to be unaware and to have uncontrolled blood pressure, respectively, but among individuals diagnosed with hypertension, less than 21% were untreated. Awareness rates were higher among women than men but this advantage was not consistently translated into better blood pressure control rates among women. CONCLUSIONS This analysis of the cascade of care indicates that barriers to proper diagnosis and adequate control are greater than barriers to delivery of treatment, and discusses potential factors that may contribute to the gaps in delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Akl
- Center for Research on Population and Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box: 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut, 1107-2020 Lebanon
| | - Chaza Akik
- Center for Research on Population and Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box: 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut, 1107-2020 Lebanon
| | - Hala Ghattas
- Center for Research on Population and Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box: 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut, 1107-2020 Lebanon
| | - Carla Makhlouf Obermeyer
- Center for Research on Population and Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box: 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut, 1107-2020 Lebanon
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12
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Hypertension in Jordan: Prevalence, Awareness, Control, and Its Associated Factors. Int J Hypertens 2019; 2019:3210617. [PMID: 31186953 PMCID: PMC6521462 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3210617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Determine the prevalence, awareness, and control rates of hypertension and their associated factors among Jordanian adults. Methods A multistage sampling technique was used to select a nationally representative sample of adults from the population of Jordan. Trained interviewers collected data using a comprehensive structured questionnaire, measured anthropometric parameters, and collected blood samples. Results This study included a total of 1193 men and 2863 women aged ranged from 18 to 90 year with a mean (SD) of 43.8 (14.2) year. The age-standardized prevalence was 33.8% among men and 29.4% among women. Of those with hypertnsion, 57.7% of men and 62.5% of women were aware of hypertension. Only 30.7% of men and 35.1% of women who were on antihypertensive medications had their blood pressure controlled. From 2009 to 2017, there was nonsignificant decrease in hypertension prevalence of 2.7% among men and 1.1% among women. However, the rate of hypertension awareness increased significantly among men and among women. Discussion Almost one-third of Jordanian adults had hypertension. Interventions that target modifiable risk factors of hypertension, might decrease blood pressure, and even prevent the development of hypertension should be implemnted.
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Characteristics and Histological Types of Lupus Nephritis in a Jordanian Tertiary Medical Center. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:7087461. [PMID: 31019971 PMCID: PMC6452530 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7087461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Few reports of lupus nephritis (LN) from Jordan and the Middle East exist. This study assessed the demographic, clinical, and basic laboratory characteristics of Jordanian patients with LN and correlations with the histological class of LN. Methods This was a retrospective study of all patients who underwent kidney biopsy between 2007 and 2018 at a tertiary medical center in Jordan. Patients' demographic, clinical, laboratory, and pathological data were reviewed. Results In total, 79 patients were included in this study [mean age, 29.95 ± 12.16 years; 11 men (13.9%), 68 women (86.1%)]. Asymptomatic proteinuria and hematuria were the most common presentations in LN patients at biopsy (59.5%). The study revealed a significant difference in frequency of nephritic syndrome (p= 0.01) between sexes (10.3% female vs. 45.5% male). Class IV was the most common pathological class of LN [37 (46.8%)], followed by class V [15 (19%)] and class III [10 (12.7%)]. Post hoc analysis of the associations between laboratory values and histopathological patterns revealed a significant correlation between class IV lupus and renal failure (p= 0.018) and class IV lupus and anti-DNA antibodies p= 0.030). End-stage renal disease (ESRD) occurred in 25% of lupus nephritis cases. There was an increased likelihood of ESRD among men than women (45% vs. 22%). Overall mortality was 10%. Conclusion Although some clinical and laboratory findings correlate with histological types of LN, clinical and laboratory parameters of Jordanian patients with LN are not predictive of the histological type, although differences with regional studies were noted.
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Alefan Q, Huwari D, Alshogran OY, Jarrah MI. Factors affecting hypertensive patients' compliance with healthy lifestyle. Patient Prefer Adherence 2019; 13:577-585. [PMID: 31114171 PMCID: PMC6497893 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s198446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to identify factors correlating with hypertensive patients' compliance with lifestyle recommendations in north of Jordan. Patients and methods: A cross-sectional survey and face-to-face interview methods were used to collect the data from 1000 adult Jordanian hypertensive patients (>18 years old). A questionnaire was developed based on previous literature and professional consultation. Results: Only 23% of the patients were fully compliant with healthy lifestyle behaviors. About 95% were knowledgeable on hypertension and 86% had positive beliefs about the management protocols of their disease. Gender, physician counseling on a healthy lifestyle, patients' beliefs about hypertension management, and their knowledge on hypertension and its management have an independent effect on compliance with lifestyle recommendations. Conclusion: Patients' compliance with lifestyle recommendations was low. Receiving counseling from physicians about healthy lifestyle and self-care; being informed about hypertension and its management; and having positive beliefs about managing this disease are significant predictors of patients' compliance with lifestyle recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qais Alefan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
- Correspondence: Qais AlefanDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid22110, JordanTel +962 7 7214 8171Fax +9 622 720 1075Email
| | - Dima Huwari
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Osama Y Alshogran
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mohamad I Jarrah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Alawwa I, Dagash R, Saleh A, Ahmad A. Dietary salt consumption and the knowledge, attitudes and behavior of healthy adults: a cross-sectional study from Jordan. Libyan J Med 2018; 13:1479602. [PMID: 29865968 PMCID: PMC5990954 DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2018.1479602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
High dietary sodium is recognized as a silent killer responsible for 2.3 million deaths worldwide in 2010 predominantly secondary to hypertension and its complications. Although high salt consumption is considered a worldwide public health problem, its magnitude is highly variable among different communities; therefore, it is important to study locally. This study aimed to evaluate habitual salt consumption, its important correlations, as well as the knowledge, attitude, and behavior of healthy Jordanian citizens. As potassium consumption is highly correlated and important we aimed to study both jointly. In this descriptive cross-sectional study we enrolled 103 healthy adult Jordanian citizens. All participants were interviewed for questionnaire filling, physical examination, and instructed on proper 24-hour urine collection procedure. We measured sodium and potassium concentration in the provided controlled 24-hour urine collection samples, as it is presently considered the gold standard for evaluating daily intake. The results showed an average sodium intake of 179 mmol (4.1 g) per day [higher in males at 186 mmol (4.3 g) vs. 173 mmol (4.0 g) for females], significantly above the current WHO recommendations, though only 8% regularly add salt to food. Ironically, most participants (82%) believe their salt consumption was appropriate and only 29% thought they may benefit from reducing salt intake. On the other hand, potassium intake is far below the current WHO recommendations. High sodium and low potassium intake have synergistic adverse effects on public health that is not currently addressed in Jordan. We conclude that Jordanian citizens currently consume high sodium and low potassium diet and are mostly unaware of its negative impact on their health. Hence, it is crucial for healthcare providers to intervene and adopt long-term strategies to control salt intake to reduce its negative effects in Jordan and elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izzat Alawwa
- a Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine , The University of Jordan , Amman , Jordan
| | - Rajaa Dagash
- b Faculty of Pharmacy , Applied Science Private University , Amman , Jordan
| | - Akram Saleh
- a Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine , The University of Jordan , Amman , Jordan
| | - Abdelaziz Ahmad
- a Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine , The University of Jordan , Amman , Jordan
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Bou Serhal R, Salameh P, Wakim N, Issa C, Kassem B, Abou Jaoude L, Saleh N. A New Lebanese Medication Adherence Scale: Validation in Lebanese Hypertensive Adults. Int J Hypertens 2018; 2018:3934296. [PMID: 29887993 PMCID: PMC5985068 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3934296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A new Lebanese scale measuring medication adherence considered socioeconomic and cultural factors not taken into account by the eight-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8). Objectives were to validate the new adherence scale and its prediction of hypertension control, compared to MMAS-8, and to assess adherence rates and factors. METHODOLOGY A cross-sectional study, including 405 patients, was performed in outpatient cardiology clinics of three hospitals in Beirut. Blood pressure was measured, a questionnaire filled, and sodium intake estimated by a urine test. Logistic regression defined predictors of hypertension control and adherence. RESULTS 54.9% had controlled hypertension. 82.4% were adherent by the new scale, which showed good internal consistency, adequate questions (KMO coefficient = 0.743), and four factors. It predicted hypertension control (OR = 1.217; p value = 0.003), unlike MMAS-8, but the scores were correlated (ICC average measure = 0.651; p value < 0.001). Stress and smoking predicted nonadherence. CONCLUSION This study elaborated a validated, practical, and useful tool measuring adherence to medications in Lebanese hypertensive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Bou Serhal
- Department of Epidemiology and biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - P. Salameh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Al Hadath, Lebanon
| | - N. Wakim
- Department of Epidemiology and biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - C. Issa
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - B. Kassem
- Department of Epidemiology and biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - L. Abou Jaoude
- Department of Epidemiology and biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - N. Saleh
- Department of Epidemiology and biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
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Mouhtadi BB, Kanaan RMN, Iskandarani M, Rahal MK, Halat DH. Prevalence, awareness, treatment, control and risk factors associated with hypertension in Lebanese adults: A cross sectional study. Glob Cardiol Sci Pract 2018; 2018:6. [PMID: 29644233 PMCID: PMC5857066 DOI: 10.21542/gcsp.2018.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The prevention and control of hypertension is an essential component for reducing cardiovascular disease burden. Hypertension is an important public health issue, yet few studies have examined its current status among the Lebanese population. Objective: To examine the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension and its associated risk factors among Lebanese adults. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2014, and May 2015, on adults from the five districts of Lebanon. Multistage sampling was used to enroll participants. Hypertension was defined as an average of two blood pressure (BP) measurements with systolic/diastolic blood pressure of at least 140/90 mm Hg, using an automated digital device, or the use of antihypertensive medication. A questionnaire was used to assess hypertension risk factors, awareness, treatment and control. Results: Of the 1362 Lebanese adults interviewed, 399 (29.3%) had hypertension. Of these, 106 (26.5%) were aware of their condition. Sixty-nine patients (65%) of those aware, were receiving treatment, and 38 (55%) participants from those treated were controlled. The significant risk factors were sex, gender, age, family history of hypertension, obesity, and a low level of education. Conclusions: Hypertension is prevalent among the Lebanese adult population and is multifactorial, but remains incompletely recognized, leading to insufficient control. Hypertension was highly prevalent in males in the age category 18-29 years. These findings show that improvements in detection, treatment, and control of hypertension among Lebanese adults, is much needed.
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Nserat S, Al-Musa A, Khader YS, Abu Slaih A, Iblan I. Blood Pressure of Jordanian Workers Chronically Exposed to Noise in Industrial Plants. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE 2018; 8:217-223. [PMID: 28970596 PMCID: PMC6679609 DOI: 10.15171/ijoem.2017.1134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: Occupational studies investigating the association between blood pressure and noise exposure are almost lacking in the Eastern Mediterranean Region countries. Objective: To determine the association between occupational exposure to high level of noise and blood pressure among a group of workers in Jordan. Methods: All workers who had been exposing to noise for at least 3 years in 3 plants in Madaba governorate in Jordan were included in this cross-sectional study. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. The occupational noise level was measured with a portable calibrated sound meter. Results: We studied 191 male workers, of whom 145 (75.9%) were exposed to a noise level higher than the permissible limit of 85 dBA. The mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and the prevalence of hypertension were significantly higher among those exposed to higher noise level. In multivariate analysis, workers exposed to high level of noise had a significantly higher odds of hypertension compared to those exposed to noise level lower than the permissible limit (OR 4.7, 95% CI 1.6 to 13.8). The odds of hypertension increased by 17% (95% CI 10% to 30%) for each dB increase in noise intensity. Conclusion: Exposure to high level of noise is associated with elevated blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saed Nserat
- Jordan Field Epidemiology Program, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Yousef S Khader
- Department of Community Medicine, Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
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Singsalasang A, Laohasiriwong W, Puttanapong N, Phajan T, Boonyaleephan S. Socioeconomic disparities in income, education and geographic location for hypertension among Thai adults: Results from the National Socioeconomic Survey. F1000Res 2017; 6:1836. [PMID: 30135711 PMCID: PMC6080422 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.12709.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hypertension (HT) has been one of the leading global risk factors for health and the leading cause of death in Thailand for decades. The influence of socioeconomic factors on HT has been varied and inconclusive. The aim of this study was to determine the association between socioeconomic determinants and HT in Thailand. Methods: This study used data from the National Socioeconomic Survey, a cross-sectional study that was conducted by the National Statistical Office of Thailand in the years 2005, 2006 and 2007. In our analysis, data were collected on gender, age, marital status, smoking status, education, status of work, occupation, current liability (short-term debt), household monthly income, residential area, region and previously diagnosed HT by a physician. Results: The odds of having HT were significantly higher among those who had household monthly income, education, residential area and region. The participants who had monthly income of <10001 baht (2005: AOR = 3.19, 95%CI:1.47 - 6.92; 2006: AOR 2.53, 95%CI:1.37 - 4.69; 2007: AOR = 3.35, 95%CI: 1.97 - 7.00), were living in Bangkok compared with the Northeast region (2005: AOR = 1.72, 95%CI:1.37 - 2.17; 2006: AOR = 2.44, 95%CI: 1.89 - 3.13; 2007: AOR = 2.63, 95%CI 2.08 - 3.45), lived as an urban resident (2005: AOR= 1.32, 95%CI: 1.12 - 1.56; 2006: AOR= 1.21, 95%CI: 1.02 - 1.43; 2007: AOR= 1.47, 95%CI: 1.18 - 1.62), and finished primary education (2005: AOR =1.21, 95%CI: 1.03 - 1.43; 2006: AOR= 1.23, 95%CI: 1.04 - 1.46; 2007: AOR= 1.18, 95%CI: 1.01 - 1.38) when controlling for other covariates. Conclusion: This study indicated that socioeconomic disparity has an influence on HT. Those with low educational attainment, low income, lived in urban regions, and were metropolitan residents (Bangkok) were vulnerable to HT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wongsa Laohasiriwong
- Faculty of Public Health and Research and Training Center for Enhancing Quality of Life for Working Age People, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | | | - Teerasak Phajan
- Sirindhorn College of Public Health Khon Kaen, Khon Kaen, 40000, Thailand
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Farha RA, Saleh A, Aburuz S. The impact of drug related problems on health-related quality of life among hypertensive patients in Jordan. Pharm Pract (Granada) 2017; 15:995. [PMID: 28943983 PMCID: PMC5597811 DOI: 10.18549/pharmpract.2017.03.995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension is a major cause of cardiovascular diseases with a high prevalence in Jordan. No previous studies have been carried out to determine the effect of the presence of drug-related problems (DRPs) on the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among hypertensive patients. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of different types of DRPs on the HRQOL of hypertensive patients. METHODS A total of 200 hypertensive patients were recruited in this cross-sectional correlation study that was conducted across the cardiac outpatient clinic at Jordan University Hospital. Ethical approval was obtained and patients were recruited using convenience sampling technique. During the study period, patients' data was used to evaluate their quality of life using RAND-12 scale and to identify DRPs utilizing a systematic evidence based approach. RESULTS 200 hypertensive patients (mean age 59.7 years (SD=10.2)) were recruited in this study. Patients showed a poor quality of life on both the physical and mental domains of the RAND-12 scale. The average number of DRPs was 5.1 (SD=2.3). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that among DRPs categories, non-adherence to medications, non-adherence to non-pharmacological therapies and inadequate knowledge about medications were among the main predictors of the poor physical domain of the RAND-12 (Beta= -0.149, -0.226 and -0.230 respectively, p-value < 0.05 for all). On the other hand, only non-adherence to medication and non-adherence to non-pharmacological therapies were significantly associated with poor mental domain of the RAND-12 (Beta= -0.208 and -0.191 respectively, p-value < 0.05 for both). CONCLUSION Prevalence of DRPs among hypertensive patients is a concern that needs attention. These DRPs were associated with poor HRQOL on both the physical and mental domain of the RAND-12 scale. The pharmaceutical care service delivered by pharmacists is needed to identify, prevent and resolve DRPs, which may improve patients HRQOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Abu Farha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University. Amman (Jordan).
| | - Akram Saleh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan. Amman (Jordan).
| | - Salah Aburuz
- College of Pharmacy, King Saud bin Abdulaziz, Al Ain University of Science and Technology. Abu Dhabi (United Arab Emirates).
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Burden of Hypertension in the Capital of Afghanistan: A Cross-Sectional Study in Kabul City, 2015. Int J Hypertens 2017; 2017:3483872. [PMID: 28127468 PMCID: PMC5239979 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3483872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. This study had the objective to assess the prevalence and associated factors of hypertension in an urban setting, Kabul city, Afghanistan. Materials and Methods. The World Health Organization's STEP-wise approach was adopted and used in Kabul in November 2015. The study analyzed a sample of 1172 adults in the age group of 25–70 years. Demographic, socioeconomic, and behavior data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Fasting venous blood sample was collected to assess the lipid profile and fasting blood sugar. Results. The study showed that the prevalence of hypertension among adult Kabul citizens was 32.3%. From this figure, 599 (51.1%) were females and 573 (48.9%) males with a mean age of 38.6 ± 12.2 years. Illiteracy rate was 49.6% and 77.5% were married. Smoking in adults were 8.1% and mouth snuff users were 9.8%. More than half (57.6%) of the study respondents were overweight and obese and 9.1% were recorded having raised blood sugar. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, age, general obesity, central obesity, smoking, moderate physical activity, and taking fruits 3 days or less weekly were statistically significant predictors of hypertension. Conclusions. Burden of hypertension is increasing in main urban settings in Afghanistan. Integrated intervention focusing in main modifiable risk factors is needed to detect and prevent hypertension.
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Park K, Cho S, Bower JK. Changes in Adherence to Non-Pharmacological Guidelines for Hypertension. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161712. [PMID: 27561006 PMCID: PMC4999088 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to compare levels of adherence to non-pharmacological guidelines between patients with and without hypertension diagnoses, and examined temporal changes in adherence during recent decades. We used data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1998-2012), including 13,768 Korean hypertensive patients aged ≥ 30 years who were categorized according to the presence or absence of a hypertension diagnosis, based on blood pressure and self-reported information. Adherence to the guidelines was calculated for 6 components, including dietary and lifestyle habits. A multivariable generalized linear regression model was used. The proportion of hypertensive patients aware of their condition increased from 33.4% in 1998 to 74.8% in 2012 (p < 0.001), although these increments plateaued during recent survey years. Patients with hypertension diagnoses were older, and more likely to be female,and have lower education levels than those without hypertension diagnoses, for most survey years. Overall adherence levels were poor (mean score 2 of 6), and levels of adherence to non-pharmacological habits did not significantly differ between patients with and without hypertension diagnoses. However, overall adherence levels improved significantly among patients with hypertension diagnoses: from 2.09 in 1998 to 2.27 in 2012 (p = 0.007), particularly regarding sufficient vegetable/seaweed consumption (p = 0.03), maintaining a normal weight (p = 0.03), and avoidance of smoking (p < 0.001). Awareness of hypertension is increasing, but hypertensive Korean patients demonstrate poor overall adherence to non-pharmacological hypertension management guidelines. These findings suggest that well-planned education programs should be continued after hypertension is diagnosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyong Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukyung Cho
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Julie K. Bower
- Division of Epidemiology, The Ohio State University College of Public Health, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
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Mirza AA, Elmorsy SA. Diagnosis and Control of Hypertension as Indicators of the Level of Awareness Among Relatives of Medical Students in Saudi Arabia. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2016; 23:123-32. [PMID: 27129704 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-016-0145-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients' awareness plays an important role in the early diagnosis and control of many diseases including hypertension. AIM To estimate the level of awareness among relatives of medical students by assessing the prevalence of undiagnosed and uncontrolled hypertension. METHODS A predefined group of medical students were recruited and properly instructed in order to conduct this cross-sectional study among their respective first-degree adult relatives whom their sociodemographic and medical history were obtained along with their blood pressure readings. According to the absence or presence of hypertension in their history, relatives with high blood pressure were considered as undiagnosed or uncontrolled hypertension, respectively; while those who had normal blood pressure were considered as normal or controlled hypertension, respectively. Comparative analysis of different parameters was carried out between these subgroups. RESULTS We included 770 relatives of 82 (57.7 %) total students' participations. The prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension among the total study population was 14.4 % (111 cases). Among participants with previously diagnosed hypertension, 61.9 % were uncontrolled at the time of the study. Predictors for undiagnosed hypertension were age below 40 years, working at the present time in either governmental or private sectors, current smoking, absence of diabetes and cardiac diseases. None of the investigated factors showed to be a significant predictor for uncontrolled hypertension. CONCLUSIONS There is insufficient level of awareness among family members of clinically oriented medical students, as demonstrated by the high prevalence of both undiagnosed and uncontrolled hypertension. The most frequent profile associated with the lowest awareness level is that of the young smoking employee with no history of diabetes or cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad A Mirza
- College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia. .,Research Center, King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Soha A Elmorsy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.,Epidemiology and Statistics Department, King Abdullah Medical City Research Center, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
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Oliveira ECT, de Menezes TN, de Olinda RA. High Blood Pressure and Self-Reported Systemic Hypertension in Elderly Enrolled in the Family Health Strategy Program. J Aging Health 2016; 29:708-728. [PMID: 27122442 DOI: 10.1177/0898264316645545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the prevalence of high blood pressure (HBP), self-reported hypertension, and associated factors among in elderly enrolled in the Family Health Strategy (FHS) Program. METHOD This is a cross-sectional study with in elderly enrolled in the FHS Program of Campina Grande/Paraíba/Brazil. This study determined the prevalence of HBP and self-reported hypertension and their associations with demographic, socioeconomic variables, lifestyle, and number of self-reported morbidities. Three blood pressure measurements were performed, and the average value was used for analysis. To control possible confounding factors, data were modeled by the method of linear models generalized with Poisson log modeling to determine prevalence ratios and confidence intervals. The SPSS 22.0 statistical application was used, and 5% significance level was adopted. RESULTS High prevalence of HBP (80.9%) was observed, which was associated with the number of self-reported morbidities, both in the univariate and multivariate analyses. High prevalence of self-reported hypertension (66.4%) was also observed. In the final model, positive association between hypertension and demographic and socioeconomic variables and lifestyle was verified. DISCUSSION Monitor hypertension should be a priority action given its association with genetic, social and behavioral conditions presented by individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - R A de Olinda
- 1 State University of Paraíba, Campina Grande, Brazil
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Hypertension unawareness among Chinese patients with first-ever stroke. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:170. [PMID: 26893185 PMCID: PMC4759941 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-2835-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The low rates of hypertension treatment and control, partly due to its unawareness, are the main causes of the high stroke incidence in China. The purpose of this study was to evaluate hypertension unawareness amongst patients with first-ever stroke and to detect factors associated with its unawareness. Methods We selected those diagnosed with hypertension from patients with first-ever stroke registered in the Nanjing Stroke Registry Program between 2004 and 2014. These hypertensives were divided as being aware or unaware of their hypertension by using a brief questionnaire conducted shortly after the stroke. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify potential factors associated with hypertension unawareness. Results Of the 5309 patients with first-ever stroke, 3732 (70.3 %) were diagnosed with hypertension. Among which, 593 (15.9 %) were unaware of their hypertension at the time of stroke onset. Lower-level of education (primary school or illiteracy) and smoking were associated positively with hypertension unawareness; while advanced age, overweight, diabetes mellitus, heart diseases and family history of stroke were associated negatively with hypertension unawareness. Annual data analyzed indicated that the rate of hypertension awareness increased during the past 11 years (r = 0.613, P = 0.045 for trends). Conclusions A substantial proportion (15.9 %) of Chinese patients with hypertension had not been aware of this covert risk until an overt stroke occurred. Hypertension unawareness was associated with lower educational levels and smoking, which address the importance of health education especially in these individuals.
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Farah R, Zeidan RK, Chahine MN, Asmar R, Chahine R, Salameh P, Pathak A, Hosseini H. Predictors of Uncontrolled Blood Pressure in Treated Hypertensive Individuals: First Population-Based Study in Lebanon. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2016; 18:871-7. [DOI: 10.1111/jch.12775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Farah
- Doctoral School of Life and Health Sciences; Paris-Est University; Creteil France
- EA 4391; Excitabilité Nerveuse et Thérapeutique; Université Paris-Est; Creteil France
| | - Rouba Karen Zeidan
- Doctoral School of Biology Health and Biotechnologies; Toulouse III University; Toulouse France
| | | | - Roland Asmar
- Foundation-Medical Research Institutes; F-MRI; Beirut Lebanon
| | - Ramez Chahine
- Faculty of Medical Sciences; Lebanese University; Hadath Lebanon
| | - Pascale Salameh
- School of Pharmacy; Lebanese American University; Byblos Lebanon
- Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiology Research; Faculty of Pharmacy; Lebanese University; Hadath Lebanon
| | - Atul Pathak
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hypertension, Risk Factors and Heart Failure Unit; Clinique Pasteur; Toulouse France
| | - Hassan Hosseini
- EA 4391; Excitabilité Nerveuse et Thérapeutique; Université Paris-Est; Creteil France
- Department of Neurology; Henri Mondor Hospital AP-HP; Creteil France
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Abu Farha R, Basheti I, Abu Al Ruz H, Alsaleh A, AbuRuz S. Assessment of drug-related problems and their impact on blood pressure control in patients with hypertension. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2015; 23:126-130. [PMID: 31156832 DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2015-000712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Hypertension is among the leading causes of cardiovascular disease worldwide. No previous studies have examined specifically the types of drug-related problems (DRPs) in patients with hypertension, and how these problems affect blood pressure control. So, the primary aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and nature of DRPs in outpatients with hypertension and reveal any associations between DRPs and blood pressure control in these patients. Methods This was a cross-sectional correlation study. A total of 200 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were recruited through outpatient clinics. Patients' data were assessed to identify DRPs using a systematic evidence-based approach. Results Two hundred participants were recruited in this cross-sectional study. About half of the participants (48.5%) had uncontrolled hypertension. The average number of DRPs was 6.31±2.63. The main identified DRPs affecting blood pressure control included patients' lack of knowledge about their medications, lack of adherence to their medications, suboptimal efficacy of medications prescribed and the need for additional monitoring. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the most important predictors, and significant associations were found between poor blood pressure control and the above-identified variables except for knowledge about medication (p≤0.05). Conclusion The number of DRPs among patients with hypertension is relatively high. These DRPs were associated with poor blood pressure control. The implementation of clinical pharmacy services for all patients with hypertension is strongly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Abu Farha
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Iman Basheti
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science University, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Akram Alsaleh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Salah AbuRuz
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.,College of Pharmacy, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, National Guards Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Obeidat RF. Promoting emancipated decision-making for surgical treatment of early stage breast cancer among Jordanian women. Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs 2015; 2:257-263. [PMID: 27981122 PMCID: PMC5123509 DOI: 10.4103/2347-5625.159351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
To use the critical social theory as a framework to analyze the oppression of Jordanian women with early stage breast cancer in the decision-making process for surgical treatment and suggest strategies to emancipate these women to make free choices. This is a discussion paper utilizing the critical social theory as a framework for analysis. The sexist and paternalistic ideology that characterizes Jordanian society in general and the medical establishment in particular as well as the biomedical ideology are some of the responsible ideologies for the fact that many Jordanian women with early stage breast cancer are denied the right to choose a surgical treatment according to their own preferences and values. The financial and political power of Jordanian medical organizations (e.g., Jordan Medical Council), the weakness of nursing administration in the healthcare system, and the hierarchical organization of Jordanian society, where men are first and women are second, support these oppressing ideologies. Knowledge is a strong tool of power. Jordanian nurses could empower women with early stage breast cancer by enhancing their knowledge regarding their health and the options available for surgical treatment. To successfully emancipate patients, education alone may not be enough; there is also a need for health care providers' support and unconditional acceptance of choice. To achieve the aim of emancipating women with breast cancer from the oppression inherent in the persistence of mastectomy, Jordanian nurses need to recognize that they should first gain greater power and authority in the healthcare system.
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Kheirallah KA, Liswi M, Alazab R, Bataineh Z, Alzyoud S, Alsulaiman J, Jaddou H. Hypertension Prevalence, Awareness and Control Levels among Ghawarna: An African-Descendant Ethnic Minority in the Jordan Valley. Ethn Dis 2015; 25:321-8. [PMID: 26676023 DOI: 10.18865/ed.25.3.321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Treatment and control of hypertension (HTN) is a challenging issue as undiagnosed HTN prevalence seems to be high among certain ethnic groups, such as African-descendant populations. The current study attempted to measure HTN prevalence, awareness and control levels among Ghawarna, an African-descendant ethnic group living in the Jordan Valley (Al-Ghawr). DESIGN SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A cross-sectional study was conducted in a community of Ghawarna between March and June 2013 in Ghawr Al-Mazraa Village in the southern part of the Jordan Valley. A total of 517 participants, aged >25 years, were randomly selected using cluster random sampling technique. MAIN MEASURES Data were collected using an interviewer-administrated questionnaire and on-location measurement of blood pressure (BP), height, and weight. Prevalence rates were compared by sex and age groups using chi-square test while backward selection logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of HTN. RESULTS We found 229 (44.3%) of the 517 participants had HTN. Of those 229 hypertensives, 146 (28.2%) participants were discovered to have HTN for the "first time." Only 23 of the 83 who were aware of their hypertension had their BP controlled. When we added the undiagnosed HTN (n=146) to the uncontrolled HTN (n=60), the prevalence of uncontrolled HTN became 90% (206/229). Older age, higher BMI, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia were associated with having HTN. CONCLUSIONS HTN prevalence, awareness and control levels are alarming among Ghawarna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid A Kheirallah
- 1. Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology
| | | | - Rami Alazab
- 3. Department of General Surgery and Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology
| | - Zeyad Bataineh
- 4. Department of Preventive Medicine, Royal Medical Services
| | - Sukaina Alzyoud
- 5. Department of Community and Mental Health Nursing, the Hashemite University
| | | | - Hashem Jaddou
- 1. Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology
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Anteneh ZA, Yalew WA, Abitew DB. Prevalence and correlation of hypertension among adult population in Bahir Dar city, northwest Ethiopia: a community based cross-sectional study. Int J Gen Med 2015; 8:175-85. [PMID: 26005357 PMCID: PMC4427605 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s81513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension is one of the most common causes of premature death and morbidity and has a major impact on health care costs. It is an important public health challenge to both developed and developing countries. The aim of this study was to determine the magnitude and correlates of hypertension. METHODS A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in June 2014 among 681 adult residents of Bahir Dar city using multistage sampling techniques. An interview-administrated questionnaire and physical measurements such as blood pressure (BP), weight, height, and waist and hip circumferences were employed to collect the data. The data were coded, entered, and analyzed with SPSS version 16 software package. RESULTS A total of 678 responses were included in the analysis resulting in a response rate of 99.6%. The findings declared that 17.6%, 19.8%, and 2.2% of respondents were prehypertension, hypertension stage I, and hypertension stage II, respectively, on screening test. The overall prevalence of hypertension (systolic BP ≥140 mmHg, or diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg, or known hypertensive patient taking medications) was 25.1%. According to the multivariate logistic regression analysis, age; having ever smoked cigarette; number of hours spent walking/cycling per day; number of hours spent watching TV per day; history of diabetes; adding salt to food in addition to the normal amount that is added to the food during cooking; and body mass index were statistically significant predictors of hypertension. CONCLUSION One out of every four respondents of the study had hypertension, and more than one out of three cases of hypertension (38.8%) did not know that they had the hypertension; 17.6% of the respondents were in prehypertension stage, which adds to overall future risk of hypertension. Therefore, mass screening for hypertension, health education to prevent substance use, regular exercise, reducing salt consumption, and life style modifications are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelalem Alamrew Anteneh
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Worku Awoke Yalew
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Dereje Birhanu Abitew
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
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Sweileh WM, Zyoud SH, Al-Jabi SW, Sawalha AF. Public, environmental, and occupational health research activity in Arab countries: bibliometric, citation, and collaboration analysis. Arch Public Health 2015; 73:1. [PMID: 25671116 PMCID: PMC4322552 DOI: 10.1186/2049-3258-73-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to analyze quantity, assess quality, and investigate international collaboration in research from Arab countries in the field of public, environmental and occupational health. METHODS Original scientific articles and reviews published from the 22 Arab countries in the category "public, environmental & occupational health" during the study period (1900 - 2012) were screened using the ISI Web of Science database. RESULTS The total number of original and review research articles published in the category of "public, environmental & occupational health" from Arab countries was 4673. Main area of research was tropical medicine (1862; 39.85%). Egypt with 1200 documents (25.86%) ranked first in quantity and ranked first in quality of publications (h-index = 51). The study identified 2036 (43.57%) documents with international collaboration. Arab countries actively collaborated with authors in Western Europe (22.91%) and North America (21.04%). Most of the documents (79.9%) were published in public health related journals while 21% of the documents were published in journals pertaining to prevention medicine, environmental, occupational health and epidemiology. CONCLUSION Research in public, environmental and occupational health in Arab countries is in the rise. Public health research was dominant while environmental and occupation health research was relatively low. International collaboration was a good tool for increasing research quantity and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed M Sweileh
- grid.11942.3f0000000406315695Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Sa’ed H Zyoud
- grid.11942.3f0000000406315695Department of Clinical and Community Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Samah W Al-Jabi
- grid.11942.3f0000000406315695Department of Clinical and Community Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Ansam F Sawalha
- grid.11942.3f0000000406315695Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
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Alhalaiqa F, Masa’Deh R, Batiha AM, Deane K. Validity of Arabic Version of Beliefs About Medication Questionnaire. Clin Nurs Res 2014; 24:539-55. [PMID: 25106809 DOI: 10.1177/1054773814545383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
To assess the validity and reliability of the Arabic version of the Beliefs About Medication Questionnaire, a cross-sectional design was used and the data were collected from 605 patients with chronic diseases. The study was conducted between July 2013 and December 2013. The results showed that the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (.71) was satisfactory. There was a significant strong positive correlation between test–retest for the same group subsample, with a correlation coefficient range of .45 to .78. There were no statistically significant differences between retest subgroups and remaining samples in the questionnaire subscales. The percentage of missing value was around 0.03, which confirmed the feasibility of the Arabic version of the questionnaire. These findings suggested that having a culturally acceptable, valid and reliable instrument to identify patients’ beliefs toward medication in Jordan will play an important role in tailoring appropriate intervention to enhance patient compliance with their prescribed medication.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rami Masa’Deh
- Faculty of Nursing, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Katherine Deane
- School of Nursing Sceinces, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
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Shrivastava SR, Shrivastava PS, Ramasamy J. The determinants and scope of public health interventions to tackle the global problem of hypertension. Int J Prev Med 2014; 5:807-12. [PMID: 25104990 PMCID: PMC4124556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 02/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension is a significant public health concern of world-wide distribution and is also the most common cardiovascular disease risk factor. Adequate control of blood pressure is a critical element in the prevention of hypertension induced-organ damage and life-threatening complications. Prevention of hypertension is possible and early detection and effective treatment can significantly reduce the incidence of adverse clinical outcomes. METHODS An extensive search of all materials related to the topic was carried out in PubMed, Medline, World Health Organization website and Google Scholar search engines. Keywords used in the search included hypertension, cardiovascular disease, public health, life-style modifications and awareness. Overall 51 articles were selected and analyzed. RESULTS Multiple socio-demographic and potential risk factors have been recognized in the causation and determining the long-term outcomes of the disease world-wide. As the natural history of hypertension is complex and etiology is multi-factorial the strategy to combat also should be multi-pronged based on the trends and magnitude of the disease in variable settings. CONCLUSIONS To conclude, although progress has been observed in the area of awareness, treatment and control, the need continues to be high for sustainable and cost-effective interventions that will ultimately halt and reverse the rising tide of hypertension prevalence. Population-based health education, dietary and life-style modification and pharmacological therapy are all effective measures to reduce the prevalence and increase the control rate of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh RamBihariLal Shrivastava
- Department of Community Medicine, Shri Sathya Sai Medical College and Research Institute, Ammapettai, Kanchipuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India,Correspondence to: Dr. Saurabh RamBihariLal Shrivastava, Department of Community Medicine, 3rd Floor, Shri Sathya Sai Medical College and Research Institute, Ammapettai, Thiruporur - Guduvancherry Main Road, Sembakkam Post, Kanchipuram - 603 108, Tamil Nadu, India. E-mail:
| | - Prateek Saurabh Shrivastava
- Department of Community Medicine, Shri Sathya Sai Medical College and Research Institute, Ammapettai, Kanchipuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jegadeesh Ramasamy
- Department of Community Medicine, Shri Sathya Sai Medical College and Research Institute, Ammapettai, Kanchipuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Ali-Shtayeh MS, Jamous RM, Jamous RM, Salameh NM. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use among hypertensive patients in Palestine. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2013; 19:256-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2013.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Ha DA, Goldberg RJ, Allison JJ, Chu TH, Nguyen HL. Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control of High Blood Pressure: A Population-Based Survey in Thai Nguyen, Vietnam. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66792. [PMID: 23826134 PMCID: PMC3694965 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in Vietnam and hypertension (HTN) is an important and prevalent risk factor for CVD in the adult Vietnamese population. Despite an increasing prevalence of HTN in this country, information about the awareness, treatment, and control of HTN is limited. The objectives of this study were to describe the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of HTN, and factors associated with these endpoints, in residents of a mountainous province in Vietnam. Methods Data from 2,368 adults (age≥25 years) participating in a population-based survey conducted in 2011 in Thai Nguyen province were analyzed. All eligible participants completed a structured questionnaire and were examined by community health workers using a standardized protocol. Results The overall prevalence of HTN in this population was 23%. Older age, male sex, and being overweight were associated with a higher odds of having HTN, while higher educational level was associated with a lower odds of having HTN. Among those with HTN, only 34% were aware of their condition, 43% of those who were aware they had HTN received treatment and, of these, 39% had their HTN controlled. Conclusions Nearly one in four adults in Thai Nguyen is hypertensive, but far fewer are aware of this condition and even fewer have their blood pressure adequately controlled. Public health strategies increasing awareness of HTN in the community, as well as improvements in the treatment and control of HTN, remain needed to reduce the prevalence of HTN and related morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duc Anh Ha
- Ministry of Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
- * E-mail:
| | - Robert J. Goldberg
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jeroan J. Allison
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | | | - Hoa L. Nguyen
- Institute of Population, Health and Development, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hochiminh City, Vietnam
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