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Kosmalski M, Szymczak-Pajor I, Drzewoski J, Śliwińska A. Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Is Associated with a Decreased Catalase (CAT) Level, CT Genotypes and the T Allele of the -262 C/T CAT Polymorphism. Cells 2023; 12:2228. [PMID: 37759451 PMCID: PMC10527641 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is well known that oxidative stress plays an important role in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). It has been suggested that an insufficient antioxidant defense system composed of antioxidant enzymes, including catalase (CAT) and nonenzymatic molecules, is a key factor triggering oxidative damage in the progression of liver disease. Therefore, the aim of our study was to assess whether the level of CAT and -262 C/T polymorphism in the promoter of CAT (rs1001179) are associated with NAFLD. METHODS In total, 281 adults (152/129 female/male, aged 65.61 ± 10.44 years) were included in the study. The patients were assigned to an NAFLD group (n = 139) or a group without NAFLD (n = 142) based on the results of an ultrasound, the Hepatic Steatosis Index, and the Fatty Liver Index (FLI). CAT levels were determined using an ELISA test, and genomic DNA was extracted via the standard phenol/chloroform-based method and genotyped via RFLP-PCR. RESULTS The CAT level was decreased in NAFLD patients (p < 0.001), and an ROC analysis revealed that a CAT level lower than 473.55 U/L significantly increases the risk of NAFLD. In turn, genotyping showed that the CT genotype and the T allele of -262 C/T CAT polymorphism elevate the risk of NAFLD. The diminished CAT level in the NAFLD group correlated with increased FLI, waist circumference and female gender. CONCLUSION The obtained results support observations that oxidative damage associated with NAFLD may be the result of a decreased CAT level as a part of the antioxidant defense system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Kosmalski
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Lodz, Poland
| | - Izabela Szymczak-Pajor
- Department of Nucleic Acid Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland; (I.S.-P.); (A.Ś.)
| | - Józef Drzewoski
- Central Teaching Hospital of Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Śliwińska
- Department of Nucleic Acid Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland; (I.S.-P.); (A.Ś.)
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Kakiyama G, Rodriguez-Agudo D, Pandak WM. Mitochondrial Cholesterol Metabolites in a Bile Acid Synthetic Pathway Drive Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Revised "Two-Hit" Hypothesis. Cells 2023; 12:1434. [PMID: 37408268 PMCID: PMC10217489 DOI: 10.3390/cells12101434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The rising prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)-related cirrhosis highlights the need for a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for driving the transition of hepatic steatosis (fatty liver; NAFL) to steatohepatitis (NASH) and fibrosis/cirrhosis. Obesity-related insulin resistance (IR) is a well-known hallmark of early NAFLD progression, yet the mechanism linking aberrant insulin signaling to hepatocyte inflammation has remained unclear. Recently, as a function of more distinctly defining the regulation of mechanistic pathways, hepatocyte toxicity as mediated by hepatic free cholesterol and its metabolites has emerged as fundamental to the subsequent necroinflammation/fibrosis characteristics of NASH. More specifically, aberrant hepatocyte insulin signaling, as found with IR, leads to dysregulation in bile acid biosynthetic pathways with the subsequent intracellular accumulation of mitochondrial CYP27A1-derived cholesterol metabolites, (25R)26-hydroxycholesterol and 3β-Hydroxy-5-cholesten-(25R)26-oic acid, which appear to be responsible for driving hepatocyte toxicity. These findings bring forth a "two-hit" interpretation as to how NAFL progresses to NAFLD: abnormal hepatocyte insulin signaling, as occurs with IR, develops as a "first hit" that sequentially drives the accumulation of toxic CYP27A1-driven cholesterol metabolites as the "second hit". In the following review, we examine the mechanistic pathway by which mitochondria-derived cholesterol metabolites drive the development of NASH. Insights into mechanistic approaches for effective NASH intervention are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genta Kakiyama
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; (D.R.-A.); (W.M.P.)
- Research Services, Central Virginia Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Richmond, VA 23249, USA
| | - Daniel Rodriguez-Agudo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; (D.R.-A.); (W.M.P.)
- Research Services, Central Virginia Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Richmond, VA 23249, USA
| | - William M. Pandak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; (D.R.-A.); (W.M.P.)
- Research Services, Central Virginia Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Richmond, VA 23249, USA
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Peng M, Shao M, Dong H, Han X, Hao M, Yang Q, Lyu Q, Tang D, Shen Z, Wang K, Kuang H, Cao G. Nanodrug rescues liver fibrosis via synergistic therapy with H 2O 2 depletion and Saikosaponin b1 sustained release. Commun Biol 2023; 6:184. [PMID: 36797395 PMCID: PMC9935535 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04473-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation form the profibrogenic liver environment, which involves fibrogenesis and chronic stimulation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Catalase (CAT) is the major antioxidant enzyme that catalyzes H2O2 into oxygen and water, which loses its activity in different liver diseases, especially in liver fibrosis. Clinical specimens of cirrhosis patients and liver fibrotic mice are collected in this work, and results show that CAT decrease is closely correlated with hypoxia-induced transforminmg growth factor β1 (TGF-β1). A multifunctional nanosystem combining CAT-like MnO2 and anti-fibrosis Saikosaponin b1 (Ssb1) is subsequently constructed for antifibrotic therapy. MnO2 catalyzes the accumulated H2O2 into oxygen, thereby ameliorating the hypoxic and oxidative stress to prevent activation of HSCs, and assists to enhance the antifibrotic pharmaceutical effect of Ssb1. This work suggests that TGF-β1 is responsible for the diminished CAT in liver fibrosis, and our designed MnO2@PLGA/Ssb1 nanosystem displays enhanced antifibrotic efficiency through removing excess H2O2 and hypoxic stress, which may be a promising therapeutic approach for liver fibrosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyun Peng
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053 Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Meiyu Shao
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053 Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hongyan Dong
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053 Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xin Han
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053 Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Min Hao
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053 Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qiao Yang
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053 Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Lyu
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053 Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Dongxin Tang
- grid.464322.50000 0004 1762 5410Department of Science and Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang University of Chinese Medicine, 550001 Guiyang, China
| | - Zhe Shen
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310003 Hangzhou, China
| | - Kuilong Wang
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053 Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Haodan Kuang
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053 Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Gang Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053, Hangzhou, P. R. China.
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Wu L, Li W, Chen G, Yang Z, Lv X, Zheng L, Sun J, Ai L, Sun B, Ni L. Ameliorative effects of monascin from red mold rice on alcoholic liver injury and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis in mice. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Monascuspiloin from Monascus-Fermented Red Mold Rice Alleviates Alcoholic Liver Injury and Modulates Intestinal Microbiota. Foods 2022; 11:foods11193048. [PMID: 36230124 PMCID: PMC9564352 DOI: 10.3390/foods11193048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Monascus-fermented red mold rice (RMR) has excellent physiological efficacy on lipid metabolism and liver function. This study investigated the ameliorative effects of monascuspiloin (MP) from RMR on alcoholic liver injury in mice, and further clarified its mechanism of action. Results showed that MP intervention obviously ameliorated lipid metabolism and liver function in mice with over-drinking. In addition, dietary MP intervention reduced liver MDA levels and increased liver CAT, SOD, and GSH levels, thus alleviating liver oxidative stress induced by excessive drinking. 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing showed that MP intervention was beneficial to ameliorate intestinal microbiota dysbiosis by elevating the proportion of norank_f_Lachnospiraceae, Lachnoclostridium, Alistipes, Roseburia, Vagococcus, etc., but decreasing the proportion of Staphylococcus, norank_f_Desulfovibrionaceae, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-001, Helicobacter, norank_f_Muribaculaceae, unclassified_f_Ruminococcaceae, etc. Additionally, correlation network analysis indicated that the key intestinal bacterial taxa intervened by MP were closely related to some biochemical parameters of lipid metabolism, liver function, and oxidative stress. Moreover, liver metabolomics analysis revealed that dietary MP supplementation significantly regulated the levels of 75 metabolites in the liver, which were involved in the synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies, taurine, and hypotaurine metabolism, and other metabolic pathways. Furthermore, dietary MP intervention regulated gene transcription and protein expression associated with hepatic lipid metabolism and oxidative stress. In short, these findings suggest that MP mitigates alcohol-induced liver injury by regulating the intestinal microbiome and liver metabolic pathway, and thus can serve as a functional component to prevent liver disease.
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Villa-Martínez E, López-Vaquera SR, Alvarado-Coutiño LK, Gámez-Méndez AM, Ríos A, Escalante B. Thromboxane-dependent coronary vasoconstriction in obese mice: Role of peroxynitrite. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2022; 160:106631. [PMID: 35272056 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2022.106631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Obesity leads to chronic oxidative stress promoting the development of cardiovascular diseases including coronary artery disease and endothelial dysfunction. Increased reactive oxygen species production associated with obesity might lead to endothelial dysfunction through cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway. We evaluated arachidonic acid (AA)-dependent coronary vascular responses and explored COX metabolism in obese C57BL/6 mice. In response to arachidonic acid (AA), isolated hearts from obese mice showed increased vasoconstriction compared with control mice. Released thromboxane (TX) A2 during AA-induced vasoconstriction phase was increased in heart perfusates from obese mice. Indomethacin and 1-benzylimidazole, both reduced vasoconstriction response in control and obese mice. Vasoconstriction response to TXA2 mimetic analog U46619 was 2.7 higher in obese mice. Obesity increased COX-2, TXS and TX receptor protein expression as well as oxidative stress evaluated by nitrotyrosine and peroxynitrite levels, compared with control mice. Obese mice treated with FeTMPyP, a peroxynitrite scavenger, reversed all these parameters to control levels. These data suggest that alterations in COX pathway may be associated with increased generation of free radicals, including peroxynitrite, that result from the oxidative stress observed in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Villa-Martínez
- Cinvestav Monterrey, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Apodaca, N.L. 66600, Mexico
| | - Selma Romina López-Vaquera
- Cinvestav Monterrey, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Apodaca, N.L. 66600, Mexico
| | | | - Ana María Gámez-Méndez
- Universidad de Monterrey, Av. Ignacio Morones Prieto 4500, San Pedro Garza García, NL, Mexico
| | - Amelia Ríos
- Cinvestav Monterrey, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Apodaca, N.L. 66600, Mexico.
| | - Bruno Escalante
- Cinvestav Monterrey, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Apodaca, N.L. 66600, Mexico
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Liu Y, Tan Y, Huang J, Wu C, Fan X, Stalin A, Lu S, Wang H, Zhang J, Zhang F, Wu Z, Li B, Huang Z, Chen M, Cheng G, Mou Y, Wu J. Revealing the Mechanism of Huazhi Rougan Granule in the Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Through Intestinal Flora Based on 16S rRNA, Metagenomic Sequencing and Network Pharmacology. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:875700. [PMID: 35559233 PMCID: PMC9086680 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.875700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The incidence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver (NAFL) is increasing year by year, growing evidence suggests that the intestinal flora plays a causative role in NAFL. Huazhi Rougan Granule (HRG) is commonly used in the clinical treatment of NAFL. It is reported that it can reduce lipids and protect the liver, but no research has confirmed whether the drug's effect is related to the intestinal flora. Therefore, we investigated whether the effect of HRG is related to the regulation of intestinal flora to further explore the mechanism of HRG in the treatment of NAFL through intestinal flora. Methods: In this study, C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet for 8 weeks, and the high-fat diet plus HRG or polyene phosphatidylcholine capsules were each administered by gavage for 4 weeks. High-throughput sequencing, network pharmacology, and molecular docking were used to explore the mechanism of HRG in the treatment of NAFL through intestinal flora. Results: HRG treatment can reduce body weight gain, lipid accumulation in liver and lipogenesis and reduce serum biochemical indexes in high-fat-fed mice. Analysis of intestinal flora showed that HRG changed the composition of intestinal flora, which was characterized by a decrease in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. Moreover, the species distribution was significantly correlated with AKP, HDL-C, and TG. Metagenetic analysis showed that HRG altered the functional composition and functional diversity of microorganisms, which was mainly characterized by an increase in the abundance of metabolic pathways. The network pharmacology results show that the mechanism of HRG in the treatment of NAFL through intestinal flora is mainly reflected in the biological process of gene function and related to infectious diseases, immune systems, and signal transduction pathways, such as cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, Chagas disease, IL-17 signaling pathway and other signaling pathways. Conclusion: These results strongly suggest that HRG may alleviate NAFL by preventing IFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Liu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Tan
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaqi Huang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaotian Fan
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Antony Stalin
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Shan Lu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haojia Wang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyuan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fanqin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhishan Wu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Linyi, China
| | - Zhihong Huang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Meilin Chen
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guoliang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Linyi, China
| | - Yanfang Mou
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Linyi, China
| | - Jiarui Wu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Zhao T, Ma A, Yang S, Huang Z. Integrated metabolome and transcriptome analyses revealing the effects of thermal stress on lipid metabolism in juvenile turbot Scophthalmus maximus. J Therm Biol 2021; 99:102937. [PMID: 34420604 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2021.102937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
To gain insights into the influence of heat stress on lipid metabolism in juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus), we analyzed the correlations between data obtained by transcriptome sequencing and metabolome sequencing of the kidney under different high temperature stimuli (20 °C, 25 °C and 28 °C) and control conditions (14 °C). We identified the differentially expressed genes and metabolites, which were found to be enriched in seven pathways (steroid hormone biosynthesis, primary bile acid biosynthesis, glycerophospholipid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids) associated with lipid metabolism, according to KEGG pathway analysis. After correlation analysis of these differentially expressed genes, the most representative genes (lpcat2, Etnk1, TAZ, SCP2, ch25hl and gpd1l) and metabolites (citicoline, UPD-6-sulfoquinovose, dihydroxyacetone, taurine and o-phosphocholine) were selected according to their correlation coefficients. These genes and metabolites were found to be the key points to regulate lipid deposition and maintain lipid homeostasis through varying degrees of up-regulation or down-regulation under heat stress, so as to relieve the disorder of lipid metabolism caused by heat stress, which is of great significance for breeding new heat-resistant varieties of turbot and provides a reliable theoretical basis for optimizing actual production. These results provide new clues for understanding the roles of lipid metabolism in fish under heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhao
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201306, China; Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Biotechnology and Genetic Breeding, Qingdao Key Laboratory for Marine Fish Breeding and Biotechnology, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Aijun Ma
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Biotechnology and Genetic Breeding, Qingdao Key Laboratory for Marine Fish Breeding and Biotechnology, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Shuangshuang Yang
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Biotechnology and Genetic Breeding, Qingdao Key Laboratory for Marine Fish Breeding and Biotechnology, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zhihui Huang
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Biotechnology and Genetic Breeding, Qingdao Key Laboratory for Marine Fish Breeding and Biotechnology, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266071, China
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Lu Y, Shao M, Xiang H, Zheng P, Wu T, Ji G. Integrative transcriptomics and metabolomics explore the mechanism of kaempferol on improving nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Food Funct 2021; 11:10058-10069. [PMID: 33135718 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02123g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Kaempferol has been confirmed to be effective in improving metabolic diseases such as diabetes and obesity. However, its effect and mechanism in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are unclear. We aim to confirm whether kaempferol could improve NASH and find the corresponding differential genes and metabolites. Transcriptomics combined with metabolomics was used to investigate the alterations in genes and metabolites expression after kaempferol treatment in mice with high-fat-diet-induced NASH. The results showed that kaempferol reduced the level of alanine transaminase (ALT), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and total cholesterol (TC) in serum and triglyceride (TG), lipid droplets, and inflammatory cell infiltration in liver. Further, 277 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified through liver transcriptomics and the five most obvious DEGs were found to be CYP2b9, Cyp4a12b, Mup17, Mup7, and Mup16, which revealed that HFD induced fatty acid degradation, ribosome, and glyoxylic acid and dicarboxylic acid metabolism. Nine serum metabolites (methylcysteine, l-tryptophan, adrenic acid, d-2-hydroxyglutaric acid, tartaric acid, p-cresol sulfate, l-alanine, l-tryosine, and glutaconic acid) and 3 liver differential metabolites (gallic acid, γ-lindenic acid, and l-phenylalanine) were also identified, while the pathways were mainly involved in phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis; and phenylalanine metabolism. Integrating transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses indicated that kaempferol possesses the ability to improve NASH associated with energy metabolism, lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammation-related pathways. This study provides a powerful means of multiomics data integration and reveals the potent therapy and biomarkers for kaempferol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Lu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Kakiyama G, Marques D, Martin R, Takei H, Rodriguez-Agudo D, LaSalle SA, Hashiguchi T, Liu X, Green R, Erickson S, Gil G, Fuchs M, Suzuki M, Murai T, Nittono H, Hylemon PB, Zhou H, Pandak WM. Insulin resistance dysregulates CYP7B1 leading to oxysterol accumulation: a pathway for NAFL to NASH transition. J Lipid Res 2020; 61:1629-1644. [PMID: 33008924 PMCID: PMC7707165 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.ra120000924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
NAFLD is an important public health issue closely associated with the pervasive epidemics of diabetes and obesity. Yet, despite NAFLD being among the most common of chronic liver diseases, the biological factors responsible for its transition from benign nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) to NASH remain unclear. This lack of knowledge leads to a decreased ability to find relevant animal models, predict disease progression, or develop clinical treatments. In the current study, we used multiple mouse models of NAFLD, human correlation data, and selective gene overexpression of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StarD1) in mice to elucidate a plausible mechanistic pathway for promoting the transition from NAFL to NASH. We show that oxysterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7B1) controls the levels of intracellular regulatory oxysterols generated by the "acidic/alternative" pathway of cholesterol metabolism. Specifically, we report data showing that an inability to upregulate CYP7B1, in the setting of insulin resistance, results in the accumulation of toxic intracellular cholesterol metabolites that promote inflammation and hepatocyte injury. This metabolic pathway, initiated and exacerbated by insulin resistance, offers insight into approaches for the treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genta Kakiyama
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs, McGuire Veterans Administration Medical Center, Richmond, VA, USA.
| | - Dalila Marques
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs, McGuire Veterans Administration Medical Center, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Rebecca Martin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Hajime Takei
- Junshin Clinic Bile Acid Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daniel Rodriguez-Agudo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs, McGuire Veterans Administration Medical Center, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Sandra A LaSalle
- Department of Veterans Affairs, McGuire Veterans Administration Medical Center, Richmond, VA, USA
| | | | - Xiaoying Liu
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Richard Green
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sandra Erickson
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Gregorio Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA; Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Michael Fuchs
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs, McGuire Veterans Administration Medical Center, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Mitsuyoshi Suzuki
- Department of Pediatrics, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Murai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan
| | | | - Phillip B Hylemon
- Department of Veterans Affairs, McGuire Veterans Administration Medical Center, Richmond, VA, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA; Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Huiping Zhou
- Department of Veterans Affairs, McGuire Veterans Administration Medical Center, Richmond, VA, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA; Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - William M Pandak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs, McGuire Veterans Administration Medical Center, Richmond, VA, USA; Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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Han KH, Kim B, Ji SC, Kang HG, Cheong HI, Cho JY, Ha IS. Mechanism of Chronic Kidney Disease Progression and Novel Biomarkers: A Metabolomic Analysis of Experimental Glomerulonephritis. Metabolites 2020; 10:E169. [PMID: 32344531 PMCID: PMC7240957 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10040169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
While a complex network of cellular and molecular events is known to be involved in the pathophysiological mechanism of chronic kidney disease (CKD), the divergence point between reversal and progression and the event that triggers CKD progression are still unknown. To understand the different mechanisms between reversible and irreversible kidney disease and to search for urinary biomarkers that can predict prognosis, a metabolomic analysis was applied to compare acute and chronic experimental glomerulonephritis (GN) models. Four metabolites, namely, epoxyoctadecenoic acid (EpOME), epoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (EpETE), α-linolenic acid (ALA), and hydroxyretinoic acid, were identified as predictive markers after comparing the chronic nephritis model with acute nephritis and control groups (false discovery rate adjusted p-value (q-value) < 0.05). Renal mRNA expression of cytochrome P450 and epoxide hydrolase was also identified as being involved in the production of epoxide metabolites from these polyunsaturated fatty acids (p < 0.05). These results suggested that the progression of chronic kidney disease is associated with abnormally activated epoxide hydrolase, leading to an increase in EpOME and EpETE as pro-inflammatory eicosanoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Hee Han
- Department of Pediatrics, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Aran 13gil 15, Jeju-si, Jeju 63241, Korea;
| | - Bora Kim
- Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (B.K.); (S.C.J.); (H.G.K.)
- Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Sang Chun Ji
- Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (B.K.); (S.C.J.); (H.G.K.)
- Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Hee Gyung Kang
- Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (B.K.); (S.C.J.); (H.G.K.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, 103, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Hae Il Cheong
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, 103, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Joo-Youn Cho
- Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Il-Soo Ha
- Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (B.K.); (S.C.J.); (H.G.K.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, 103, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea;
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