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Zhou S, Wang Z, Hao Y, An P, Luo J, Luo Y. Dandelion Polysaccharides Ameliorate High-Fat-Diet-Induced Atherosclerosis in Mice through Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Capabilities. Nutrients 2023; 15:4120. [PMID: 37836404 PMCID: PMC10574455 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale), a member of the Asteraceae (Compositae) family, is well known as the traditional medical plant. Dandelion polysaccharides, a natural active ingredient extracted from the dandelion, possess immune regulation, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-aggregation properties. These properties suggest that dandelion polysaccharides might alleviate atherosclerosis. Using an ApoE-/- atherosclerotic mice model fed a high-fat diet, we investigated the impact and potential mechanism of dandelion polysaccharides on atherosclerosis. We observed that dandelion polysaccharides significantly reduced the levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol in serum, while elevated the high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol level. Concomitantly, dandelion polysaccharides reduced the area of atherosclerotic lesions and necrotic core of the aortic sinus, and increased the collagen content. Mechanistic studies showed that dandelion polysaccharides were effective in reducing serum malondialdehyde levels while elevating the enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. Furthermore, dandelion polysaccharides reduced the expression of chemotactic factor Mcp-1 and pro-inflammatory cytokines (Tnf-α, Il-1β, and Il-6) in atherosclerotic lesions. Overall, these results indicated that dandelion polysaccharides may take an important part in the attenuation of atherosclerosis via its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaishuai Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (S.Z.); (Z.W.); (Y.H.); (P.A.)
| | - Zi Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (S.Z.); (Z.W.); (Y.H.); (P.A.)
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China
| | - Yanling Hao
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (S.Z.); (Z.W.); (Y.H.); (P.A.)
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China
| | - Peng An
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (S.Z.); (Z.W.); (Y.H.); (P.A.)
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China
| | - Junjie Luo
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (S.Z.); (Z.W.); (Y.H.); (P.A.)
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China
| | - Yongting Luo
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (S.Z.); (Z.W.); (Y.H.); (P.A.)
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China
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Ou BR, Hsu MH, Haung LY, Lin CJ, Kuo LL, Tsai YT, Chang YC, Lin WY, Huang TC, Wu YC, Yeh JY, Liang YC. Systematic Myostatin Expression Screening Platform for Identification and Evaluation of Myogenesis-Related Phytogenic in Pigs. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1113. [PMID: 37892843 PMCID: PMC10604025 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10101113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle growth in livestock impacts meat quantity and quality. Concerns arise because certain feed additives, like beta-agonists, may affect food safety. Skeletal muscle is a specialized tissue consisting of nondividing and multinucleated muscle fibers. Myostatin (MSTN), a protein specific to skeletal muscle, is secreted and functions as a negative regulator of muscle mass by inhibiting the proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts. To enhance livestock muscle growth, phytogenic feed additives could be an alternative as they inhibit MSTN activity. The objective of this study was to establish a systematic screening platform using MSTN activity to evaluate phytogenics, providing scientific evidence of their assessment and potency. In this study, we established a screening platform to monitor myostatin promoter activity in rat L8 myoblasts. Extract of Glycyrrhiza uralensis (GUE), an oriental herbal medicine, was identified through this screening platform, and the active fractions of GUE were identified using a process-scale liquid column chromatography system. For in vivo study, GUE as a feed additive was investigated in growth-finishing pigs. The results showed that GUE significantly increased body weight, carcass weight, and lean content in pigs. Microbiota analysis indicated that GUE did not affect the composition of gut microbiota in pigs. In summary, this established rodent myoblast screening platform was used to identify a myogenesis-related phytogenic, GUE, and further demonstrated that the active fractions and compounds inhibited MSTN expression. These findings suggest a novel application for GUE in growth performance enhancement through modulation of MSTN expression. Moreover, this well-established screening platform holds significant potential for identifying and assessing a diverse range of phytogenics that contribute to the process of myogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bor-Rung Ou
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; (B.-R.O.); (L.-Y.H.); (T.-C.H.)
| | - Ming-Hua Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua 500, Taiwan;
| | - Ling-Ya Haung
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; (B.-R.O.); (L.-Y.H.); (T.-C.H.)
| | - Chuan-Ju Lin
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan; (C.-J.L.)
| | - Li-Li Kuo
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan; (C.-J.L.)
| | - Yu-Ting Tsai
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; (B.-R.O.); (L.-Y.H.); (T.-C.H.)
| | - Yu-Chia Chang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan; (C.-J.L.)
| | - Wen-Yuh Lin
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; (B.-R.O.); (L.-Y.H.); (T.-C.H.)
| | - Tsung-Chien Huang
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; (B.-R.O.); (L.-Y.H.); (T.-C.H.)
| | - Yun-Chu Wu
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; (B.-R.O.); (L.-Y.H.); (T.-C.H.)
| | - Jan-Ying Yeh
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chuan Liang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan; (C.-J.L.)
- College of Agriculture and Health, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan
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Rezaie H, Alipanah-Moghadam R, Jeddi F, Clark CCT, Aghamohammadi V, Nemati A. Combined dandelion extract and all-trans retinoic acid induces cytotoxicity in human breast cancer cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15074. [PMID: 37700002 PMCID: PMC10497591 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42177-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent and deadly cancers among women worldwide. Recently, natural compounds have been widely used for the treatment of breast cancer. Present study evaluated antiproliferative and anti-metastasis activities of two natural compounds of dandelion and all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) in human MCF-7 and MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells. We also evaluated the expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, IL-1β, p53, NM23 and KAI1 genes. Data showed a clear additive cytotoxic effect in concentrations of 40 μM ATRA with 1.5 and 4 mg/ml of dandelion extract in MCF-7 and MDA-MB231 cells, respectively. In both cell lines, compared with the untreated cells, the expression levels of MMP-9 and IL-1β were significantly decreased while p53 and KAI1 expression levels were increased. Besides, MMP-2 and NM23 had different expressions in the two studied cell lines. In conclusion, dandelion/ATRA co-treatment, in addition to having strong cytotoxic effects, has putative effects on the expression of anti-metastatic genes in both breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Rezaie
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Reza Alipanah-Moghadam
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Farhad Jeddi
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Cain C T Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK
| | | | - Ali Nemati
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
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Ma Q, Chen M, Liu Y, Tong Y, Liu T, Wu L, Wang J, Han B, Zhou L, Hu X. Lactobacillus acidophilus Fermented Dandelion Improves Hyperuricemia and Regulates Gut Microbiota. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9040352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Foodborne prevention and treatment of hyperuricemia (HUA) has received widespread attention. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can improve intestinal function, while traditional medicine dandelion has the functions of detoxification and detumescence. Whether LAB fermented dandelion has any effects on HUA and the underlying mechanism is not clear. To address these questions, Lactobacillus acidophilus was selected or maximal xanthine oxidase activity. The effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus fermented dandelion (LAFD) on uric acid metabolism was evaluated by the HUA mouse model. Expression levels of UA, BUN, CRE, XOD, and inflammatory factors in serum were detected. Paraffin sections and staining were used to observe the kidney and small intestine, and mRNA expression of GLUT9, URAT1, OAT1, and ABCG2 related to uric acid metabolism were investigated. Furthermore, the intestinal flora was studied by contents of the cecum and high throughput 16S rRNA sequencing. The results showed that LAFD had a significant inhibitory effect on XOD in vitro (p < 0.01). LAFD could reduce the levels of UA, BUN, CRE, XOD, IL-1 β, IL-6, and TNF- α in serum (p < 0.05), thus inhibiting inflammatory reaction, and reducing UA by decreasing the mRNA expression of GLUT9, URAT1 in kidney and increasing the mRNA expression of OAT1 and ABCG2 in kidney and small intestine (p < 0.05). In addition, the 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis demonstrated that LAFD treatment can help restore the imbalance of the intestinal microbial ecosystem and reverse the changes in Bacterodietes/Firmicutes, Muribaculaceae, Lachnospiraceae in mice with HUA. It is suggested that the mechanism of LAFD in treating HUA may be related to the regulation of the mRNA expressions of GLUT9, URAT1, OAT1, and ABCG2 in the kidney and small intestine, as well as the regulation of intestinal flora, which provides the experimental basis for the development of new plant fermented products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwen Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Mingju Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ying Tong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tianfeng Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lele Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiliang Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bin Han
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xuguang Hu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Cai X, Shao Y, Wang Z, Xu Y, Ren Z, Fu L, Zhu Y. Antiviral activity of dandelion aqueous extract against pseudorabies virus both in vitro and in vivo. Front Vet Sci 2023; 9:1090398. [PMID: 36699332 PMCID: PMC9870063 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1090398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is one of the most significant pathogens of swine. In recent years, the continual emergence of novel PRV variants has caused substantial economic losses in the global pig industry. PRV can infect humans leading to symptoms of acute encephalitis with implications for public health. Thus, new measures are urgently needed to prevent PRV infection. This study evaluated the anti-PRV capability of dandelion aqueous extract (DAE) in vitro and in vivo. DAE was found to inhibit the multiplication of the PRV TJ strain in PK15 cells in a concentration-dependent manner, with a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.2559 mg/mL and a selectivity index (SI) of 14.4. DAE inhibited the adsorption and replication stages of the PRV life cycle in vitro, and the expression of IE180, EP0, UL29, UL44, and UL52 was inhibited in the presence of DAE. In vivo experiment results of mice show that a 0.5 g/kg dose of DAE injected intraperitoneally protected 28.6% of the mice from the lethal challenge; decreased the viral load in the liver, lung, brain, heart, and kidney of PRV-infected mice; and attenuated brain damage caused by PRV infection. Furthermore, DAE could also ameliorate viral infection through regulation of the levels of cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-4) in PRV-infected mouse serum. These results demonstrated that DAE exhibited potent inhibitory capability against PRV infection in vitro and in vivo; DAE is therefore expected to be a candidate TCM herb for use against PRV infection.
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Liu FJ, Yang J, Chen XY, Yu T, Ni H, Feng L, Li P, Li HJ. Chemometrics integrated with in silico pharmacology to reveal antioxidative and anti-inflammatory markers of dandelion for its quality control. Chin Med 2022; 17:125. [PMCID: PMC9636813 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-022-00679-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Dandelion is an herb with high nutritional and medicinal values, which has been listed in Chinese Pharmacopeia, European Pharmacopoeia and British Pharmacopoeia, gaining increasing acceptance around the world. However, the current quality control of dandelion is lagging behind. Only in Chinese Pharmacopeia, cichoric acid is used as a marker compound for its quality evaluation, whereas, it can not comprehensively reflect the bioactivity of dandelion.
Methods
This study developed a strategy by integrating chemometrics with in silico pharmacology to reveal the bioactive markers of dandelion for its quality control. Firstly, the major chemicals in dandelion were characterized using HPLC-DAD-MS/MS, and the corresponding antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated in vitro. Subsequently, the active components were screened by relating the chemicals and bioactivity of dandelion via grey relational assay and partial least squares regression analysis. The potential active components were then subjected to a validation for their activities. Moreover, in silico pharmacology was utilized to evaluate the contribution of active components to efficacy.
Results
A total of 22 phenolic compounds were characterized. Among them, cichoric acid, caffeic acid and luteolin were identified as quality markers owing to their good correlations with the bioactivities of dandelion. These three markers were quantified in frequently-used dandelion species, viz. Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz. (TAM) and T. officinale F. H. Wigg. (TAO). TAM, with acceptably higher content of cichoric acid and caffeic acid, showed better antioxidant activity than TAO. While TAO included higher content of luteolin, presenting slightly more effective in anti-inflammation.
Conclusion
An useful strategy for the quality marker discovery was successfully designed. And the results provided more knowledge for the quality evaluation of dandelion.
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Xie X, Zhang N, Fu J, Wang Z, Ye Z, Liu Z. The potential for traditional Chinese therapy in treating sleep disorders caused by COVID-19 through the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1009527. [PMID: 36299906 PMCID: PMC9589290 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1009527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the outbreak of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in 2019, it has spread rapidly across the globe. Sleep disorders caused by COVID-19 have become a major concern for COVID-19 patients and recovered patients. So far, there’s no effective therapy on this. Traditional Chinese therapy (TCT) has a great effect on sleep disorders, with rare side effects and no obvious withdrawal symptoms. The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, a neuroregulatory pathway in the central nervous system that uses cholinergic neurons and neurotransmitters to suppress inflammatory responses, has been reported to be associated with sleep disorders and psychiatric symptoms. Many studies have shown that TCT activates the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP), inhibits inflammation, and relieves associated symptoms. Therefore, we believe that TCT may be a potential therapeutic strategy to alleviate sleep disorders induced by COVID-19 through CAP. In this review, we analyzed the relationship between cytokine storm induced by Coronavirus and sleep disorders, explained the influence of CAP on sleep disorders, discussed the TCT’s effect on CAP, and summarized the treatment effect of TCT on sleep disorders. Based on these practical researches and theoretical basis, we propose potential strategies to effectively improve the sleep disorders caused by COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Xie
- Institute of Regenerative and Reconstructive Medicine, Med-X Institute, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xian yang, China
| | - Nana Zhang
- Institute of Regenerative and Reconstructive Medicine, Med-X Institute, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jingya Fu
- Institute of Regenerative and Reconstructive Medicine, Med-X Institute, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xian yang, China
| | - Zhenzhi Wang
- Institute of Regenerative and Reconstructive Medicine, Med-X Institute, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xian yang, China
| | - Zirun Ye
- Institute of Regenerative and Reconstructive Medicine, Med-X Institute, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhijun Liu
- Institute of Regenerative and Reconstructive Medicine, Med-X Institute, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Zhijun Liu,
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Isolation and Characterization of Flavonoids from Fermented Dandelion (Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz.), and Assessment of Its Antioxidant Actions In Vitro and In Vivo. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8070306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are famous for their diverse sources, strong biological activity, and low toxicity and could be used as a natural antioxidant in animal husbandry. In this study, the purification process and antioxidant activity of flavonoids from fermented dandelion were investigated. The adsorption and desorption characterizations of AB-8 macroporous resin for flavonoids from fermented dandelion (FD) were determined and purification parameters were optimized. Qualitative analysis using UPLC-MS/MS analysis was explored to identify the components of the purified flavonoids of FD (PFDF). The antioxidant activity of PFDF in vitro and in vivo was analyzed. The optimum purification parameters were as follows: a sample concentration of 2 mg/mL, 120 mL of the sample volume, a pH of 2.0, and eluted with 90 mL of 70% ethanol (pH 5). After purification, the concentration of the flavonoids in PFDF was 356.08 mg/mL. By comparison with reference standards or the literature data, 135 kinds of flavonoids in PFDF were identified. Furthermore, PFDF had a strong reducing power and scavenging ability against 8-hydroxy radical and DPPH radical. PFDF can effectively reduce the oxidative stress of zebrafish embryos and IPCE-J2 cells by modulating antioxidant enzyme activities. In summary, the purified flavonoids from fermented dandelion have good antioxidant activity and display superior potential as a natural antioxidant in animal husbandry.
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Ha SE, Bhagwan Bhosale P, Kim HH, Park MY, Abusaliya A, Kim GS, Kim JA. Apigetrin Abrogates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation in L6 Skeletal Muscle Cells through NF-κB/MAPK Signaling Pathways. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:2635-2645. [PMID: 35735621 PMCID: PMC9221909 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44060180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Apigetrin is a glycosidic flavonoid derived from Teucrium gnaphalodes that has a wide range of biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer. Inflammation is a kind of defense mechanism in the body. Flavonoids are natural phytochemicals that exert anti-inflammatory effects in numerous cells. In the present study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of apigetrin and its underlying mechanism of activity in skeletal muscle cells (L6). The determination of cytotoxicity was performed by MTT assay. We treated L6 cells with apigetrin, and nontoxic concentrations were chosen to perform further experimentation. Apigetrin inhibited the expression of iNOS and COX-2 induced by LPS in a dose-dependent manner. iNOS and COX-2 are inflammatory markers responsible for enhancing the inflammatory response. Apigetrin also inhibited the LPS-induced phosphorylation of p65 and IκB-α. NF-κB signaling regulates the inflammatory process by mediating various proinflammatory genes. Similarly, the MAPK signaling pathway consists of ERK, JNK, and p38, which plays a critical role in the production of cytokines and downstream signaling events leading to inflammation. Apigetrin significantly downregulated the phosphorylation of JNK and p38, but did not affect the phosphorylation of ERK in the LPS-stimulated cells. These findings indicate the correlation between the anti-inflammatory activity of NF-κB and the MAPK signaling pathway. Thus, our overall finding suggests that apigetrin has anti-inflammatory effects and it can be considered for further drug design on L6 skeletal muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Eun Ha
- Research Institute of Life Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (S.-E.H.); (P.B.B.); (H.-H.K.); (M.-Y.P.); (A.A.)
| | - Pritam Bhagwan Bhosale
- Research Institute of Life Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (S.-E.H.); (P.B.B.); (H.-H.K.); (M.-Y.P.); (A.A.)
| | - Hun-Hwan Kim
- Research Institute of Life Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (S.-E.H.); (P.B.B.); (H.-H.K.); (M.-Y.P.); (A.A.)
| | - Min-Yeong Park
- Research Institute of Life Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (S.-E.H.); (P.B.B.); (H.-H.K.); (M.-Y.P.); (A.A.)
| | - Abuyaseer Abusaliya
- Research Institute of Life Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (S.-E.H.); (P.B.B.); (H.-H.K.); (M.-Y.P.); (A.A.)
| | - Gon-Sup Kim
- Research Institute of Life Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (S.-E.H.); (P.B.B.); (H.-H.K.); (M.-Y.P.); (A.A.)
- Correspondence: (G.-S.K.); (J.-A.K.); Tel.: +82-55-772-2346 (G.-S.K.); +82-55-751-8295 (J.-A.K.)
| | - Jin-A Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, International University of Korea, Jinju 52833, Korea
- Correspondence: (G.-S.K.); (J.-A.K.); Tel.: +82-55-772-2346 (G.-S.K.); +82-55-751-8295 (J.-A.K.)
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Cardeccia ML, Elam LH, Deabold KA, Miscioscia EL, Huntingford JL. A pilot study examining a proprietary herbal blend for the treatment of canine osteoarthritis pain. THE CANADIAN VETERINARY JOURNAL = LA REVUE VETERINAIRE CANADIENNE 2022; 63:55-62. [PMID: 34975168 PMCID: PMC8682926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is the most common joint disease in dogs. Despite the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), many owners seek natural therapies; either to augment the response to NSAIDs, or as a replacement. Substantial research has been directed to investigation of novel therapies. A randomized, double-blinded, controlled study was conducted to assess the efficacy of a herbal remedy for treatment of canine osteoarthritis pain. Client-owned dogs (N = 24) with osteoarthritis were enrolled between 2 veterinary hospitals. Each dog underwent veterinary and owner assessment at 0, 4, and 8 weeks, using the Canine Brief Pain Inventory and Hudson activity scale. Blood was collected for a complete blood (cell) count (CBC) and serum chemistry analysis. The product was deemed to be safe and well-tolerated at the manufacturer recommended dosage, with no significant changes seen in the CBC or serum biochemical analyses. Aside from1 dog that developed gastrointestinal upset, all other dogs tolerated the supplement without complication. The supplement did not statistically improve clinical signs in dogs based on veterinary or owner assessments of lameness. There was a treatment/time effect when assessing veterinary pain scores; however, post-hoc analysis suggests no observable benefit of treatment compared with the placebo group at any time point.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary L Cardeccia
- Animal Rehabilitation Facility, 8040 4th Street, Dexter, Michigan 48130, USA (Cardeccia); Colorado State University College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, 300 W Drake Road, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA (Elam); University of Florida, Comparative Diagnostic and Population Medicine, 2015 SW 16th Avenue, Gainesville, Florida 32608, USA (Deabold, Miscioscia); Essex Animal Hospital, 355 Talbot Street N, Essex, Ontario N8M 2W3, Canada (Huntingford)
| | - Lindsay H Elam
- Animal Rehabilitation Facility, 8040 4th Street, Dexter, Michigan 48130, USA (Cardeccia); Colorado State University College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, 300 W Drake Road, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA (Elam); University of Florida, Comparative Diagnostic and Population Medicine, 2015 SW 16th Avenue, Gainesville, Florida 32608, USA (Deabold, Miscioscia); Essex Animal Hospital, 355 Talbot Street N, Essex, Ontario N8M 2W3, Canada (Huntingford)
| | - Kelly A Deabold
- Animal Rehabilitation Facility, 8040 4th Street, Dexter, Michigan 48130, USA (Cardeccia); Colorado State University College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, 300 W Drake Road, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA (Elam); University of Florida, Comparative Diagnostic and Population Medicine, 2015 SW 16th Avenue, Gainesville, Florida 32608, USA (Deabold, Miscioscia); Essex Animal Hospital, 355 Talbot Street N, Essex, Ontario N8M 2W3, Canada (Huntingford)
| | - Erin L Miscioscia
- Animal Rehabilitation Facility, 8040 4th Street, Dexter, Michigan 48130, USA (Cardeccia); Colorado State University College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, 300 W Drake Road, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA (Elam); University of Florida, Comparative Diagnostic and Population Medicine, 2015 SW 16th Avenue, Gainesville, Florida 32608, USA (Deabold, Miscioscia); Essex Animal Hospital, 355 Talbot Street N, Essex, Ontario N8M 2W3, Canada (Huntingford)
| | - Janice L Huntingford
- Animal Rehabilitation Facility, 8040 4th Street, Dexter, Michigan 48130, USA (Cardeccia); Colorado State University College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, 300 W Drake Road, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA (Elam); University of Florida, Comparative Diagnostic and Population Medicine, 2015 SW 16th Avenue, Gainesville, Florida 32608, USA (Deabold, Miscioscia); Essex Animal Hospital, 355 Talbot Street N, Essex, Ontario N8M 2W3, Canada (Huntingford)
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Zhang Y, Hu YF, Li W, Xu GY, Wang KR, Li L, Luo H, Zou L, Wu JS. Updates and advances on pharmacological properties of Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz and its potential applications. Food Chem 2021; 373:131380. [PMID: 34710697 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
As a well-recognized dietary and medicinal plant, Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz (TMHM) has been used for making wines, candies, energy drinks, and other functional foods. The TMHM contains a diverse range of active phytoconstituents, including flavonoids, triterpenoids, phenolic acids, sesquiterpene lactones, pigments, coumarins and sterols. Recent pharmacological evidence has revealed multiple biological effects of TMHM, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, and gastric-protective effects, which contribute to the ameliorative effects of TMHM on inflammation-associated diseases, constipation, gastric disorders, empyrosis, hyperlipidemia, and swollen carbuncles. Although recent advances have highlighted the potential of TMHM to be applied in the clinical practice, food, and nutraceutical industry, the mechanistic understanding and systematic information on TMHM are still scarce. Here, in this timeline review, we have attempted to compile literary documents on pharmacological potential of TMHM concerning its chemical composition, biological activities, toxicity, and pharmacokinetics to promote further researches on clinical and therapeutic potential of TMHM and its food/nutraceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Ying-Fan Hu
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Guang-Ya Xu
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Kun-Rong Wang
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Lin Li
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Hao Luo
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing of Ministry, Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industrialization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China.
| | - Jia-Si Wu
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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MicroRNA-23a reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced cellular apoptosis and inflammatory cytokine production through Rho-associated kinase 1/sirtuin-1/nuclear factor-kappa B crosstalk. Chin Med J (Engl) 2021; 134:829-839. [PMID: 33538509 PMCID: PMC8104237 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000001369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: MicroRNAs are closely associated with the progression and outcomes of multiple human diseases, including sepsis. In this study, we examined the role of miR-23a in septic injury. Methods: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce sepsis in a rat model and H9C2 and HK-2 cells. miR-23a expression was evaluated in rat myocardial and kidney tissues, as well as H9C2 and HK-2 cells. A miR-23a mimic was introduced into cells to identify the role of miR-23a in cell viability, apoptosis, and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, the effect of Rho-associated kinase 1 (ROCK1), a miR-23a target, on cell damage was evaluated, and molecules involved in the underlying mechanism were identified. Results: In the rat model, miR-23a was poorly expressed in myocardial (sham vs. sepsis 1.00 ± 0.06 vs. 0.27 ± 0.03, P < 0.01) and kidney tissues (sham vs. sepsis 0.27 ± 0.03 vs. 1.00 ± 0.06, P < 0.01). Artificial overexpression of miR-23a resulted in increased proliferative activity (DNA replication rate: Control vs. LPS vs. LPS + Mock vs. LPS + miR-23a: H9C2 cells: 34.13 ± 3.12 vs. 12.94 ± 1.21 vs. 13.31 ± 1.43 vs. 22.94 ± 2.26, P < 0.05; HK-2 cells: 15.17 ± 1.43 vs. 34.52 ± 3.46 vs. 35.19 ± 3.12 vs. 19.87 ± 1.52, P < 0.05), decreased cell apoptosis (Control vs. LPS vs. LPS + Mock vs. LPS + miR-23a: H9C2 cells: 11.39 ± 1.04 vs. 32.57 ± 2.29 vs. 33.08 ± 3.12 vs. 21.63 ± 2.35, P < 0.05; HK-2 cells: 15.17 ± 1.43 vs. 34.52 ± 3.46 vs. 35.19 ± 3.12 vs. 19.87 ± 1.52, P < 0.05), and decreased production of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-6 (Control vs. LPS vs. LPS + Mock vs. LPS + miR-23a: H9C2 cells: 59.61 ± 5.14 vs. 113.54 ± 12.30 vs. 116.51 ± 10.69 vs. 87.69 ± 2.97 ng/mL; P < 0.05, F = 12.67, HK-2 cells: 68.12 ± 6.44 vs. 139.65 ± 16.62 vs. 143.51 ± 13.64 vs. 100.82 ± 9.74 ng/mL, P < 0.05, F = 9.83) and tumor necrosis factor-α (Control vs. LPS vs. LPS + Mock vs. LPS + miR-23a: H9C2 cells: 103.20 ± 10.31 vs. 169.67 ± 18.84 vs. 173.61 ± 15.91 vs. 133.36 ± 12.32 ng/mL, P < 0.05, F = 12.67, HK-2 cells: 132.51 ± 13.37 vs. 187.47 ± 16.74 vs. 143.51 ± 13.64 vs. 155.79 ± 15.31 ng/mL, P < 0.05, F = 9.83) in cells. However, ROCK1 was identified as a miR-23a target, and further up-regulation of ROCK1 mitigated the protective function of miR-23a in LPS-treated H9C2 and HK-2 cells. Moreover, ROCK1 suppressed sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) expression to promote the phosphorylation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65, indicating the possible involvement of this signaling pathway in miR-23a-mediated events. Conclusion: Our results indicate that miR-23a could suppress LPS-induced cell damage and inflammatory cytokine secretion by binding to ROCK1, mediated through the potential participation of the SIRT1/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Zhao P, Liu J, Ming Q, Tian D, He J, Yang Z, Shen J, Liu QH, Yang X. Dandelion extract relaxes mouse airway smooth muscle by blocking VDLCC and NSCC channels. Cell Biosci 2020; 10:125. [PMID: 33133515 PMCID: PMC7592536 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-020-00470-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is one of the main intractable diseases recognized by the international medical community. The current widely used bronchodilators for asthma-β2-adrenal receptor agonists-have limited therapeutic effects, necessitating the development of novel antiasthma drugs with increased efficacy and fewer adverse effects. In this study, we investigated the relaxant effects and underlying mechanism of an ethyl acetate extract from dandelion (EAED) on mouse airway smooth muscle. METHODS The effects of EAED on agonist-induced precontraction in mouse airway smooth muscle were evaluated with force measurement. Mouse lung slices were used to study the effects of EAED on bronchial smooth muscle. The intracellular Ca2+ concentration was measured using a calcium imaging system. L-type voltage-dependent calcium channel (VDLCC) and non-selective cationic channel (NSCC) currents were measured by patch-clamp. The lung functions of healthy and asthmatic mouse groups were assessed via the forced oscillation technique. RESULTS EAED inhibits acetylcholine-induced sustained contractions of whole airway smooth muscle by inhibiting VDLCCs, NSCCs, and some unknown channels, reduces the agonist-induced increase in the cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration in airway smooth muscle cells, blocks VDLCC and NSCC currents, and relieves the respiratory resistance of healthy and asthmatic mice. CONCLUSIONS EAED may have potential beneficial effects on mitigating asthma attacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhao
- Institute for Medical Biology & Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in the Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074 China
- Hubei Medical Biology International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Jia Liu
- Institute for Medical Biology & Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in the Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Qian Ming
- Institute for Medical Biology & Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in the Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Di Tian
- Institute for Medical Biology & Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in the Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Jingwen He
- Institute for Medical Biology & Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in the Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Ziwei Yang
- Institute for Medical Biology & Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in the Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Jinhua Shen
- Institute for Medical Biology & Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in the Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Qing-Hua Liu
- Institute for Medical Biology & Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in the Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Xinzhou Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, 182 Min-Zu Road, Wuhan, 430074 China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Ethnopharmacology Education, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074 China
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Lai J, Peng L, Chen H, Li R, Liu L, Liu J, Shi X. Amino acid sequence identification and anti-inflammatory potency evaluation of dandelion oligopeptides in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophage cells. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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15
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Xing HY, Liu N, Zhou MW. Satellite cell proliferation and myofiber cross-section area increase after electrical stimulation following sciatic nerve crush injury in rats. Chin Med J (Engl) 2020; 133:1952-1960. [PMID: 32826459 PMCID: PMC7462209 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electrical stimulation has been recommended as an effective therapy to prevent muscle atrophy after nerve injury. However, the effect of electrical stimulation on the proliferation of satellite cells in denervated muscles has not yet been fully elucidated. This study was aimed to evaluate the changes in satellite cell proliferation after electrical stimulation in nerve injury and to determine whether these changes are related to the restoration of myofiber cross-section area (CSA). METHODS Sciatic nerve crush injury was performed in 48 male Sprague-Dawley rats. In half (24/48) of the rats, the gastrocnemius was electrically stimulated transcutaneously on a daily basis after injury, while the other half were not stimulated. Another group of 24 male Sprague-Dawley rats were used as sham operation controls without injury or stimulation. The rats were euthanized 2, 4, and 6 weeks later. After 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling, the gastrocnemia were harvested for the detection of paired box protein 7 (Pax7), BrdU, myofiber CSA, and myonuclei number per fiber. All data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni post-hoc test. RESULTS The percentages of Pax7-positive nuclei (10.81 ± 0.56%) and BrdU-positive nuclei (34.29 ± 3.87%) in stimulated muscles were significantly higher compared to those in non-stimulated muscles (2.58 ± 0.33% and 1.30 ± 0.09%, respectively, Bonferroni t = 15.91 and 18.14, P < 0.05). The numbers of myonuclei per fiber (2.19 ± 0.24) and myofiber CSA (1906.86 ± 116.51 μm) were also increased in the stimulated muscles (Bonferroni t = 3.57 and 2.73, P < 0.05), and both were positively correlated with the Pax7-positive satellite cell content (R = 0.52 and 0.60, P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in the ratio of myofiber CSA/myonuclei number per fiber among the three groups. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that satellite cell proliferation is promoted by electrical stimulation after nerve injury, which may be correlated with an increase in myonuclei number and myofiber CSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Yi Xing
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
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16
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Heat-Clearing Chinese Medicines in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation. Chin J Integr Med 2020; 26:552-559. [DOI: 10.1007/s11655-020-3256-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Badr A, Fouad D, Attia H. Insights Into Protective Mechanisms of Dandelion Leaf Extract Against Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats: Role of Inhibitory Effect on Inflammatory and Apoptotic Pathways. Dose Response 2019; 17:1559325819874897. [PMID: 35185411 PMCID: PMC8851149 DOI: 10.1177/1559325819874897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (CP) nephrotoxicity is associated with the induction of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Several studies demonstrated the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects of dandelion leaf extract (DLE); therefore, this research aimed to investigate the protective effects of DLE against CP-induced nephrotoxicity. Thirty-two male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: normal control, DLE control received 500 mg/kg daily for 11 days, intoxicated group received vehicle daily for 11 days and a single dose of CP (7 mg/kg, intraperitonealp) on day 5, and DLE + CP group received DLE (500 mg/kg) daily for 11 days plus a single dose of CP (7 mg/kg) on day 5. The dose of DLE is selected based on a dose–effect study using different doses. Dandelion leaf extract pretreatment ameliorated CP-induced nephrotoxicity as evident by histopathological examination, alleviating CP-induced elevation in serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, oxidative stress marker (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances), tumor necrosis factor-α (as inflammatory cytokine), and caspase-9 and caspase-3 (as apoptotic markers). In addition, DLE reduced nuclear factor-κB and cytochrome c expression, and DNA fragmentation. It also maintained levels of reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and serum albumin. Thus, the present study shows that DLE is a promising nephroprotective agent for CP-induced nephrotoxicity through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Badr
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Heliopolis, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dalia Fouad
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Ein Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hala Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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