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Grunin M, Triffon D, Beykin G, Rahmani E, Schweiger R, Tiosano L, Khateb S, Hagbi-Levi S, Rinsky B, Munitz R, Winkler TW, Heid IM, Halperin E, Carmi S, Chowers I. Genome wide association study and genomic risk prediction of age related macular degeneration in Israel. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13034. [PMID: 38844476 PMCID: PMC11156861 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63065-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The risk of developing age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is influenced by genetic background. In 2016, the International AMD Genomics Consortium (IAMDGC) identified 52 risk variants in 34 loci, and a polygenic risk score (PRS) from these variants was associated with AMD. The Israeli population has a unique genetic composition: Ashkenazi Jewish (AJ), Jewish non-Ashkenazi, and Arab sub-populations. We aimed to perform a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for AMD in Israel, and to evaluate PRSs for AMD. Our discovery set recruited 403 AMD patients and 256 controls at Hadassah Medical Center. We genotyped individuals via custom exome chip. We imputed non-typed variants using cosmopolitan and AJ reference panels. We recruited additional 155 cases and 69 controls for validation. To evaluate predictive power of PRSs for AMD, we used IAMDGC summary-statistics excluding our study and developed PRSs via clumping/thresholding or LDpred2. In our discovery set, 31/34 loci reported by IAMDGC were AMD-associated (P < 0.05). Of those, all effects were directionally consistent with IAMDGC and 11 loci had a P-value under Bonferroni-corrected threshold (0.05/34 = 0.0015). At a 5 × 10-5 threshold, we discovered four suggestive associations in FAM189A1, IGDCC4, C7orf50, and CNTNAP4. Only the FAM189A1 variant was AMD-associated in the replication cohort after Bonferroni-correction. A prediction model including LDpred2-based PRS + covariates had an AUC of 0.82 (95% CI 0.79-0.85) and performed better than covariates-only model (P = 5.1 × 10-9). Therefore, previously reported AMD-associated loci were nominally associated with AMD in Israel. A PRS developed based on a large international study is predictive in Israeli populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Grunin
- Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, POB 12271, 9112102, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, POB 12000, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Daria Triffon
- Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, POB 12271, 9112102, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Gala Beykin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, POB 12000, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Elior Rahmani
- Department of Computational Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Regev Schweiger
- Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, CB21TN, Cambridge, UK
| | - Liran Tiosano
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, POB 12000, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Samer Khateb
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, POB 12000, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shira Hagbi-Levi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, POB 12000, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Batya Rinsky
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, POB 12000, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Refael Munitz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, POB 12000, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Thomas W Winkler
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Iris M Heid
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Eran Halperin
- Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shai Carmi
- Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, POB 12271, 9112102, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Itay Chowers
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, POB 12000, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel.
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Hu W, Wang M, Sun G, Zhang L, Lu H. Early B Cell Factor 3 (EBF3) attenuates Parkinson's disease through directly regulating contactin-associated protein-like 4 (CNTNAP4) transcription: An experimental study. Cell Signal 2024; 118:111139. [PMID: 38479556 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a gradually debilitating neurodegenerative syndrome. Here, we analyzed GSE7621 chip data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to explore the pathogenesis of PD. Early B Cell Factor 3 (EBF3), a member of the highly evolutionarily conserved EBF-transcription factor family, is involved in neuronal development. EBF3 expression is low in the substantia nigra of patients with PD. However, whether EBF3 is implicated in dopaminergic neuron death during PD has not yet been investigated. Therefore, we aimed to reveal the potential anti-apoptotic effect and molecular mechanism of EBF3 in PD. We established a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced PD mouse model in vivo and a 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+)-induced SH-SY5Y cell model in vitro. EBF3 was downregulated in the substantia nigra of PD mice and SH-SY5Y cells treated with MPP+, and the m6A methylation modification level was low. Fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) siRNA upregulated m6A methylation modification of EBF3 and extended the EBF3 mRNA half-life. Functionally, as demonstrated by the results of the open-field test, pole test and gait analysis, EBF3 overexpression ameliorated MPTP-induced behavioral disorder. Further, EBF3 overexpression suppressed neuronal apoptosis in vivo, as evidenced by decreased TUNEL+ cells, and the increased activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9. Similar results were obtained in vitro, as reflected by increased cell viability, decreased LDH activity and restored mitochondrial function, collectively protecting SH-SY5Y cells from MPP+-induced apoptosis. Mechanistically, the results of luciferase reporter, ch-IP and DNA pull-down assays confirmed that, as a transcription factor, EBF3 bound to the promoter of CNTNAP4 (a protein associated with neuronal differentiation) and directly regulated CNTNAP4 transcription. Strikingly, CNTNAP4 knockdown markedly abolished the effect of EBF3 on cell apoptosis, thus aggravating PD. In conclusion, the low level of m6A methylation modification may contribute to the low expression of EBF3 during PD. Additionally, EBF3 attenuates PD by activating CNTNAP4 transcription, suggesting that EBF3 may be a novel therapeutic target in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Hu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China.
| | - Menghan Wang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Guifang Sun
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Limin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Hong Lu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China.
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Chakraborty S, Sarma J, Roy SS, Mitra S, Bagchi S, Das S, Saha S, Mahapatra S, Bhattacharjee S, Maulik M, Acharya M. Post-GWAS functional analyses of CNTNAP5 suggests its role in glaucomatous neurodegeneration. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.14.583830. [PMID: 38903068 PMCID: PMC11188073 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.14.583830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) affects more than 20 million people worldwide, with an increased prevalence in south-east Asia. In a prior haplotype-based GWAS, we identified a novel CNTNAP5 genic region, significantly associated with PACG. In the current study, we have extended our perception of CNTNAP5 involvement in glaucomatous neurodegeneration in a zebrafish model, through investigating phenotypic consequences pertinent to retinal degeneration upon knockdown of cntnap5 by translation-blocking morpholinos. While cntnap5 knockdown was successfully validated using an antibody, immunofluorescence followed by western blot analyses in cntnap5-morphant (MO) zebrafish revealed increased expression of acetylated tubulin indicative of perturbed cytoarchitecture of retinal layers. Moreover, significant loss of Nissl substance is observed in the neuro-retinal layers of cntnap5-MO zebrafish eye, indicating neurodegeneration. Additionally, in spontaneous movement behavioural analysis, cntnap5-MO zebrafish have a significantly lower average distance traversed in light phase compared to mismatch-controls, whereas no significant difference was observed in the dark phase, corroborating with vision loss in the cntnap5-MO zebrafish. This study provides the first direct functional evidence of a putative role of CNTNAP5 in visual neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudipta Chakraborty
- Biotechnology Research Innovation Council-National Institute of Biomedical Genomics (BRIC-NIBMG), Kalyani, India
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Fardiabad, India
| | - Jyotishman Sarma
- Biotechnology Research Innovation Council-National Institute of Biomedical Genomics (BRIC-NIBMG), Kalyani, India
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Fardiabad, India
| | - Shantanu Saha Roy
- Biotechnology Research Innovation Council-National Institute of Biomedical Genomics (BRIC-NIBMG), Kalyani, India
| | - Sukanya Mitra
- Biotechnology Research Innovation Council-National Institute of Biomedical Genomics (BRIC-NIBMG), Kalyani, India
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Fardiabad, India
| | - Sayani Bagchi
- Biotechnology Research Innovation Council-National Institute of Biomedical Genomics (BRIC-NIBMG), Kalyani, India
| | - Sankhadip Das
- Biotechnology Research Innovation Council-National Institute of Biomedical Genomics (BRIC-NIBMG), Kalyani, India
| | - Sreemoyee Saha
- Biotechnology Research Innovation Council-National Institute of Biomedical Genomics (BRIC-NIBMG), Kalyani, India
| | - Surajit Mahapatra
- Biotechnology Research Innovation Council-National Institute of Biomedical Genomics (BRIC-NIBMG), Kalyani, India
| | - Samsiddhi Bhattacharjee
- Biotechnology Research Innovation Council-National Institute of Biomedical Genomics (BRIC-NIBMG), Kalyani, India
| | - Mahua Maulik
- Biotechnology Research Innovation Council-National Institute of Biomedical Genomics (BRIC-NIBMG), Kalyani, India
| | - Moulinath Acharya
- Biotechnology Research Innovation Council-National Institute of Biomedical Genomics (BRIC-NIBMG), Kalyani, India
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Chaves-Filho A, Eyres C, Blöbaum L, Landwehr A, Tremblay MÈ. The emerging neuroimmune hypothesis of bipolar disorder: An updated overview of neuroimmune and microglial findings. J Neurochem 2024. [PMID: 38504593 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe and multifactorial disease, with onset usually in young adulthood, which follows a progressive course throughout life. Replicated epidemiological studies have suggested inflammatory mechanisms and neuroimmune risk factors as primary contributors to the onset and development of BD. While not all patients display overt markers of inflammation, significant evidence suggests that aberrant immune signaling contributes to all stages of the disease and seems to be mood phase dependent, likely explaining the heterogeneity of findings observed in this population. As the brain's immune cells, microglia orchestrate the brain's immune response and play a critical role in maintaining the brain's health across the lifespan. Microglia are also highly sensitive to environmental changes and respond to physiological and pathological events by adapting their functions, structure, and molecular expression. Recently, it has been highlighted that instead of a single population of cells, microglia comprise a heterogeneous community with specialized states adjusted according to the local molecular cues and intercellular interactions. Early evidence has highlighted the contribution of microglia to BD neuropathology, notably for severe outcomes, such as suicidality. However, the roles and diversity of microglial states in this disease are still largely undermined. This review brings an updated overview of current literature on the contribution of neuroimmune risk factors for the onset and progression of BD, the most prominent neuroimmune abnormalities (including biomarker, neuroimaging, ex vivo studies) and the most recent findings of microglial involvement in BD neuropathology. Combining these different shreds of evidence, we aim to propose a unifying hypothesis for BD pathophysiology centered on neuroimmune abnormalities and microglia. Also, we highlight the urgent need to apply novel multi-system biology approaches to characterize the diversity of microglial states and functions involved in this enigmatic disorder, which can open bright perspectives for novel biomarkers and therapeutic discoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Chaves-Filho
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Women Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Brain Health Cluster at the Institute on Aging & Lifelong Health (IALH), Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Capri Eyres
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Leonie Blöbaum
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Antonia Landwehr
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Marie-Ève Tremblay
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Women Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Brain Health Cluster at the Institute on Aging & Lifelong Health (IALH), Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Neurology and Neurosurgery Department, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
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Wu XL, Mu DP, Yang QS, Zhang Y, Li YC, Feijó A, Cheng JL, Wen ZX, Lu L, Xia L, Zhou ZJ, Qu YH, Ge DY. Comparative genomics of widespread and narrow-range white-bellied rats in the Niviventer niviventer species complex sheds light on invasive rodent success. Zool Res 2023; 44:1052-1063. [PMID: 37872006 PMCID: PMC10802109 DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2022.519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Widespread species that inhabit diverse environments possess large population sizes and exhibit a high capacity for environmental adaptation, thus enabling range expansion. In contrast, narrow-range species are confined to restricted geographical areas and are ecologically adapted to narrow environmental conditions, thus limiting their ability to expand into novel environments. However, the genomic mechanisms underlying the differentiation between closely related species with varying distribution ranges remain poorly understood. The Niviventer niviventer species complex (NNSC), consisting of highly abundant wild rats in Southeast Asia and China, offers an excellent opportunity to investigate these questions due to the presence of both widespread and narrow-range species that are phylogenetically closely related. In the present study, we combined ecological niche modeling with phylogenetic analysis, which suggested that sister species cannot be both widespread and dominant within the same geographical region. Moreover, by assessing heterozygosity, linkage disequilibrium decay, and Tajima's D analysis, we found that widespread species exhibited higher genetic diversity than narrow-range species. In addition, by exploring the "genomic islands of speciation", we identified 13 genes in highly divergent regions that were shared by the two widespread species, distinguishing them from their narrow-range counterparts. Functional annotation analysis indicated that these genes are involved in nervous system development and regulation. The adaptive evolution of these genes likely played an important role in the speciation of these widespread species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Lai Wu
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
- Hebei Basic Science Center for Biotic Interaction, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
| | - Dan-Ping Mu
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830046, China
| | - Qi-Sen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yu-Chun Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
| | - Anderson Feijó
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ji-Long Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhi-Xin Wen
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Liang Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Diseases Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Lin Xia
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
- Hebei Basic Science Center for Biotic Interaction, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China. E-mail:
| | - Yan-Hua Qu
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China. E-mail:
| | - De-Yan Ge
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China. E-mail:
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Sohaei D, Thebault S, Avery LM, Batruch I, Lam B, Xu W, Saadeh RS, Scarisbrick IA, Diamandis EP, Prassas I, Freedman MS. Cerebrospinal fluid camk2a levels at baseline predict long-term progression in multiple sclerosis. Clin Proteomics 2023; 20:33. [PMID: 37644477 PMCID: PMC10466840 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-023-09418-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) remains a highly unpredictable disease. Many hope that fluid biomarkers may contribute to better stratification of disease, aiding the personalisation of treatment decisions, ultimately improving patient outcomes. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of CSF brain-specific proteins from early in the disease course of MS on long term clinical outcomes. METHODS In this study, 34 MS patients had their CSF collected and stored within 5 years of disease onset and were then followed clinically for at least 15 years. CSF concentrations of 64 brain-specific proteins were analyzed in the 34 patient CSF, as well as 19 age and sex-matched controls, using a targeted liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry approach. RESULTS We identified six CSF brain-specific proteins that significantly differentiated MS from controls (p < 0.05) and nine proteins that could predict disease course over the next decade. CAMK2A emerged as a biomarker candidate that could discriminate between MS and controls and could predict long-term disease progression. CONCLUSION Targeted approaches to identify and quantify biomarkers associated with MS in the CSF may inform on long term MS outcomes. CAMK2A may be one of several candidates, warranting further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorsa Sohaei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Simon Thebault
- Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, 01 Smyth Road, Box 601, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
- The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Lisa M Avery
- Biostatistics Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Biostatistics, The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ihor Batruch
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Brian Lam
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - Wei Xu
- Biostatistics Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Biostatistics, The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Rubah S Saadeh
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Isobel A Scarisbrick
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Eleftherios P Diamandis
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ioannis Prassas
- Mount Sinai Hospital, Joseph & Wolf Lebovic Ctr, 60 Murray St [Box 32]; Flr 6 - Rm L6-201, Toronto, ON, M5T 3L9, Canada.
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Mark S Freedman
- Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, 01 Smyth Road, Box 601, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada.
- The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.
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Goovaerts S, Gens R, Seynaeve L, Engelborghs S, Vandervorst F. Anti-CASPR2 antibody-associated limbic encephalitis in a patient with a squamous cell carcinoma of the throat. Acta Neurol Belg 2023:10.1007/s13760-023-02272-4. [PMID: 37119470 PMCID: PMC10148571 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-023-02272-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Goovaerts
- Department of Neurology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Brussels, Belgium.
- Center 4 Neurosciences (C4N), Neuroprotection and Neuromodulation (NEUR) Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Robin Gens
- Department of Neurology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
- Center 4 Neurosciences (C4N), Neuroprotection and Neuromodulation (NEUR) Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laura Seynaeve
- Department of Neurology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
- Center 4 Neurosciences (C4N), Neuroprotection and Neuromodulation (NEUR) Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sebastiaan Engelborghs
- Department of Neurology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
- Center 4 Neurosciences (C4N), Neuroprotection and Neuromodulation (NEUR) Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Fenne Vandervorst
- Department of Neurology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
- Center 4 Neurosciences (C4N), Neuroprotection and Neuromodulation (NEUR) Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
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8
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Qin Q, Ramesh S, Gomez-Salazar M, Zhong L, Cherief M, Pratapneni A, Morris CD, McCarthy EF, Zhang X, James AW. CNTNAP4 signaling regulates osteosarcoma disease progression. NPJ Precis Oncol 2023; 7:2. [PMID: 36599925 PMCID: PMC9813000 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-022-00344-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Improved treatment strategies for sarcoma rely on clarification of the molecular mediators of disease progression. Recently, we reported that the secreted glycoprotein NELL-1 modulates osteosarcoma (OS) disease progression in part via altering the sarcomatous extracellular matrix (ECM) and cell-ECM interactions. Of known NELL-1 interactor proteins, Contactin-associated protein-like 4 (Cntnap4) encodes a member of the neurexin superfamily of transmembrane molecules best known for its presynaptic functions in the central nervous system. Here, CRISPR/Cas9 gene deletion of CNTNAP4 reduced OS tumor growth, sarcoma-associated angiogenesis, and pulmonary metastases. CNTNAP4 knockout (KO) in OS tumor cells largely phenocopied the effects of NELL-1 KO, including reductions in sarcoma cell attachment, migration, and invasion. Further, CNTNAP4 KO cells were found to be unresponsive to the effects of NELL-1 treatment. Transcriptomic analysis combined with protein phospho-array demonstrated notable reductions in the MAPK/ERK signaling cascade with CNTNAP4 deletion, and the ERK1/2 agonist isoproterenol restored cell functions among CNTNAP4 KO tumor cells. Finally, human primary cells and tissues in combination with sequencing datasets confirmed the significance of CNTNAP4 signaling in human sarcomas. In summary, our findings demonstrate the biological importance of NELL-1/CNTNAP4 signaling axis in disease progression of human sarcomas and suggest that targeting the NELL-1/CNTNAP4 signaling pathway represents a strategy with potential therapeutic benefit in sarcoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qizhi Qin
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Sowmya Ramesh
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Mario Gomez-Salazar
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Lingke Zhong
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Masnsen Cherief
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Aniket Pratapneni
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Carol D Morris
- Department of Orthopaedics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Edward F McCarthy
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Xinli Zhang
- Section of Biosystems and Function, Division of Oral and Systemic Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Aaron W James
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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Dziadkowiak E, Nowakowska-Kotas M, Budrewicz S, Koszewicz M. Pathology of Initial Axon Segments in Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy and Related Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13621. [PMID: 36362407 PMCID: PMC9658771 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) is based on a combination of clinical, electrodiagnostic and laboratory features. The different entities of the disease include chronic immune sensory polyradiculopathy (CISP) and autoimmune nodopathies. It is debatable whether CIDP occurring in the course of other conditions, i.e., monoclonal IgG or IgA gammopathy, should be treated as a separate disease entity from idiopathic CIDP. This study aims to evaluate the molecular differences of the nodes of Ranvier and the initial axon segment (AIS) and juxtaparanode region (JXP) as the potential cause of phenotypic variation of CIDP while also seeking new pathomechanisms since JXP is sequestered behind the paranode and autoantibodies may not access the site easily. The authors initially present the structure of the different parts of the neuron and its functional significance, then discuss the problem of whether damage to the juxtaparanodal region, Schwann cells and axons could cause CIDP or if these damages should be separated as separate disease entities. In particular, AIS's importance for modulating neural excitability and carrying out transport along the axon is highlighted. The disclosure of specific pathomechanisms, including novel target antigens, in the heterogeneous CIDP syndrome is important for diagnosing and treating these patients.
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10
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Reddy DS, Abeygunaratne HN. Experimental and Clinical Biomarkers for Progressive Evaluation of Neuropathology and Therapeutic Interventions for Acute and Chronic Neurological Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:11734. [PMID: 36233034 PMCID: PMC9570151 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This article describes commonly used experimental and clinical biomarkers of neuronal injury and neurodegeneration for the evaluation of neuropathology and monitoring of therapeutic interventions. Biomarkers are vital for diagnostics of brain disease and therapeutic monitoring. A biomarker can be objectively measured and evaluated as a proxy indicator for the pathophysiological process or response to therapeutic interventions. There are complex hurdles in understanding the molecular pathophysiology of neurological disorders and the ability to diagnose them at initial stages. Novel biomarkers for neurological diseases may surpass these issues, especially for early identification of disease risk. Validated biomarkers can measure the severity and progression of both acute neuronal injury and chronic neurological diseases such as epilepsy, migraine, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, traumatic brain injury, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, and other brain diseases. Biomarkers are deployed to study progression and response to treatment, including noninvasive imaging tools for both acute and chronic brain conditions. Neuronal biomarkers are classified into four core subtypes: blood-based, immunohistochemical-based, neuroimaging-based, and electrophysiological biomarkers. Neuronal conditions have progressive stages, such as acute injury, inflammation, neurodegeneration, and neurogenesis, which can serve as indices of pathological status. Biomarkers are critical for the targeted identification of specific molecules, cells, tissues, or proteins that dramatically alter throughout the progression of brain conditions. There has been tremendous progress with biomarkers in acute conditions and chronic diseases affecting the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doodipala Samba Reddy
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
- Institute of Pharmacology and Neurotherapeutics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
- Intercollegiate School of Engineering Medicine, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Hasara Nethma Abeygunaratne
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
- Institute of Pharmacology and Neurotherapeutics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
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11
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Taghizadeh S, Motallebnezhad M, Aghaie T, Azimi M, Aghamajidi A, Salari AA, Bozorgmehr M, Assarezadegan MA, Jazayeri MH. Anti-Caspr-conjugated gold nanoparticles emergence as a novel approach in the treatment of EAE animal model. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:2603-2613. [PMID: 35922733 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-00981-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder of central nervous system which is increasing worldwide. Although immunosuppressive agents are used for the treatment of MS disease, nevertheless the lack of non-toxic and efficient therapeutic method is perceptible. Hence, this study aims to evaluate the effect of Contactin-associated protein (Caspr) antibody-, poly ethylene glycol (PEG)- and exosome combined gold nanoparticles (GNPs) in comparison to Glatiramer acetate as a selective treatment of MS disease in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model. EAE was induced in female C57BL/6 mice and 25-day treatment with anti-Caspr-, PEG- and exosome combined GNPs was evaluated. Histopathological examination of spinal cord, regulatory T cells as well as inflammatory pathway including IFN-ɣ and IL-17 and mir-326 were investigated. The results showed the severity of MS symptoms was significantly decreased in all treated groups. Histological examination of the spinal cord indicated the reduced demyelination and immune cell infiltration. Besides, regulatory T cells were significantly increased following all treatments. Remarkably, the cytokine levels of IFN-ɣ and IL-17 as well as mir-326 is altered in treated groups. Taken together, the obtained findings demonstrate that the administration of anti-Caspr-, PEG- and exosome combined GNPs can be considered a potential treatment in MS disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Taghizadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran
| | - Morteza Motallebnezhad
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran
| | - Tayebe Aghaie
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran
| | - Maryam Azimi
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology an Infectious Disease, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azin Aghamajidi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran
| | - Ali-Akbar Salari
- Salari Institute of Cognitive and Behavioral Disorders (SICBD), Karaj, Alborz, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Bozorgmehr
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Assarezadegan
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology an Infectious Disease, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mir Hadi Jazayeri
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran.
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology an Infectious Disease, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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12
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Kontou A, Herman EK, Field MC, Dacks JB, Koumandou VL. Evolution of factors shaping the endoplasmic reticulum. Traffic 2022; 23:462-473. [PMID: 36040076 PMCID: PMC9804665 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Endomembrane system compartments are significant elements in virtually all eukaryotic cells, supporting functions including protein synthesis, post-translational modifications and protein/lipid targeting. In terms of membrane area the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the largest intracellular organelle, but the origins of proteins defining the organelle and the nature of lineage-specific modifications remain poorly studied. To understand the evolution of factors mediating ER morphology and function we report a comparative genomics analysis of experimentally characterized ER-associated proteins involved in maintaining ER structure. We find that reticulons, REEPs, atlastins, Ufe1p, Use1p, Dsl1p, TBC1D20, Yip3p and VAPs are highly conserved, suggesting an origin at least as early as the last eukaryotic common ancestor (LECA), although many of these proteins possess additional non-ER functions in modern eukaryotes. Secondary losses are common in individual species and in certain lineages, for example lunapark is missing from the Stramenopiles and the Alveolata. Lineage-specific innovations include protrudin, Caspr1, Arl6IP1, p180, NogoR, kinectin and CLIMP-63, which are restricted to the Opisthokonta. Hence, much of the machinery required to build and maintain the ER predates the LECA, but alternative strategies for the maintenance and elaboration of ER shape and function are present in modern eukaryotes. Moreover, experimental investigations for ER maintenance factors in diverse eukaryotes are expected to uncover novel mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aspasia Kontou
- Genetics Laboratory, Department of BiotechnologyAgricultural University of AthensAthensGreece
| | - Emily K. Herman
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of MedicineUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada,Present address:
Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Agricultural, Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Mark C. Field
- School of Life SciencesUniversity of DundeeDundeeUK,Biology CentreCzech Academy of SciencesČeské BudějoviceCzech Republic
| | - Joel B. Dacks
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of MedicineUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada,Biology CentreCzech Academy of SciencesČeské BudějoviceCzech Republic,Centre for Life's Origin and Evolution, Department of Genetics, Evolution and EnvironmentUniversity College of LondonLondonUK
| | - V. Lila Koumandou
- Genetics Laboratory, Department of BiotechnologyAgricultural University of AthensAthensGreece
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13
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Blanco-Luquin I, Acha B, Urdánoz-Casado A, Gómez-Orte E, Roldan M, Pérez-Rodríguez DR, Cabello J, Mendioroz M. NXN Gene Epigenetic Changes in an Adult Neurogenesis Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071069. [PMID: 35406633 PMCID: PMC8998146 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In view of the proven link between adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) and learning and memory impairment, we generated a straightforward adult neurogenesis in vitro model to recapitulate DNA methylation marks in the context of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) were differentiated for 29 days and Aβ peptide 1–42 was added. mRNA expression of Neuronal Differentiation 1 (NEUROD1), Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (NCAM1), Tubulin Beta 3 Class III (TUBB3), RNA Binding Fox-1 Homolog 3 (RBFOX3), Calbindin 1 (CALB1), and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) was determined by RT-qPCR to characterize the culture and framed within the multistep process of AHN. Hippocampal DNA methylation marks previously identified in Contactin-Associated Protein 1 (CNTNAP1), SEPT5-GP1BB Readthrough (SEPT5-GP1BB), T-Box Transcription Factor 5 (TBX5), and Nucleoredoxin (NXN) genes were profiled by bisulfite pyrosequencing or bisulfite cloning sequencing; mRNA expression was also measured. NXN outlined a peak of DNA methylation overlapping type 3 neuroblasts. Aβ-treated NPCs showed transient decreases of mRNA expression for SEPT5-GP1BB and NXN on day 9 or 19 and an increase in DNA methylation on day 29 for NXN. NXN and SEPT5-GP1BB may reflect alterations detected in the brain of AD human patients, broadening our understanding of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idoia Blanco-Luquin
- Neuroepigenetics Laboratory-Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (B.A.); (A.U.-C.); (M.R.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-848425739
| | - Blanca Acha
- Neuroepigenetics Laboratory-Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (B.A.); (A.U.-C.); (M.R.); (M.M.)
| | - Amaya Urdánoz-Casado
- Neuroepigenetics Laboratory-Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (B.A.); (A.U.-C.); (M.R.); (M.M.)
| | - Eva Gómez-Orte
- CIBIR (Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja), 26006 Logroño, Spain; (E.G.-O.); (J.C.)
| | - Miren Roldan
- Neuroepigenetics Laboratory-Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (B.A.); (A.U.-C.); (M.R.); (M.M.)
| | - Diego R. Pérez-Rodríguez
- Neurophysiology Department, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Juan Cabello
- CIBIR (Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja), 26006 Logroño, Spain; (E.G.-O.); (J.C.)
| | - Maite Mendioroz
- Neuroepigenetics Laboratory-Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (B.A.); (A.U.-C.); (M.R.); (M.M.)
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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14
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Garel P, Lesca G, Ville D, Poulat AL, Chatron N, Sanlaville D, Des Portes V, Arzimanoglou A, Lion-François L. CNTNAP1-encephalopathy: Six novel patients surviving the neonatal period. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2022; 37:98-104. [PMID: 35182943 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2022.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
CNTNAP1 encodes CASPR1, involved in the paranodal junction. Thirty-three patients, with CNTNAP1 biallelic mutations have been described previously. Most of them had a very severe neurological impairment and passed away in the first months of life. We identified four patients, from two unrelated families, who survived over the neonatal period. Exome sequencing showed compound heterozygous or homozygous variants. Severe hypotonia was a constant feature. When compared to previous reports, the most important clinical differences observed in our patients were the absence of antenatal problems and, in two of them, the lack of respiratory distress. Less commonly reported characteristics such as epileptic seizures, dystonia, and impaired communication skills were also observed. MRIs revealed hypomyelination or abnormal white matter signal, cerebral or cerebellar atrophy. The present observations support a wider than initially reported clinical spectrum, including survival after the neonatal period and additional neurological features. They contribute to better delineate the phenotype-genotype correlations for CNTNAP1. In addition, we report one more family with two sibs who carry a missense variant of uncertain significance which we propose could be associated with a milder phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Garel
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France.
| | - Gaetan Lesca
- Genetics Department, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, HFME, University Hospitals of Lyon (HCL), Lyon, France; INMG (Institut Neuromyogene), Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Dorothée Ville
- Pediatric Neurology Department, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, University Hospitals of Lyon (HCL), Lyon, France
| | - Anne-Lise Poulat
- Pediatric Neurology Department, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, University Hospitals of Lyon (HCL), Lyon, France
| | - Nicolas Chatron
- Department of Biology and Pathology, University Hospitals of Lyon (HCL), Lyon, France; INMG (Institut Neuromyogene), Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Damien Sanlaville
- Department of Biology and Pathology, University Hospitals of Lyon (HCL), Lyon, France; INMG (Institut Neuromyogene), Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Vincent Des Portes
- Pediatric Neurology Department, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, University Hospitals of Lyon (HCL), Lyon, France
| | - Alexis Arzimanoglou
- Department of Paediatric Clinical Epileptology, Sleep Disorders and Functional Neurology, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, University Hospitals of Lyon (HCL), Lyon, France
| | - Laurence Lion-François
- Pediatric Neurology Department, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, University Hospitals of Lyon (HCL), Lyon, France
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15
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Jiang Y, Tan C, Li T, Song X, Ma J, Yao Z, Hong S, Li X, Jiang L, Luo Y. Phenotypic Spectrum of CASPR2 and LGI1 Antibodies Associated Neurological Disorders in Children. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:815976. [PMID: 35463890 PMCID: PMC9021408 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.815976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The clinical data of patients with double-positive for leucine-rich glioma-inactivated protein 1 (LGI1) and contactin-associated protein-like 2 (CASPR2) antibodies is limited, particularly for children. This study aimed to investigate and summarize the clinical features and long-term prognosis of children's LGI1 and CASPR2 antibodies related to neurological disorders. METHODS We collected the clinical data and prognosis of patients with dual positive antibodies of CASPR2 and LGI1, hospitalized in the Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. Furthermore, we summarized the clinical phenotypes of this disorder in children by reviewing the published literature. RESULTS Two patients presenting with variable neurological symptoms including pain, hypertension, profuse sweating, irritability, and dyssomnia from Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were enrolled in this study. Together with the two patients, we identified 17 children with dual CASPR2 and LGI1 antibodies, including 12 males and 5 females. At the onset, the median age was 4.1 years (range 1-16, interquartile range 2.5-13.5), with 9 children younger than 5 years and 6 adolescents. Of the 17 patients, 11 were diagnosed with Morvan syndrome, 4 with acquired neuromyotonia, 1 with Guillain-Barré syndrome, and 1 with Guillain-Barré syndrome combined with Morvan syndrome. Dysautonomia (14/17, 82.3%), pain (13/17, 76.4%), sleep disorders (13/17, 76.4%), encephalopathy (12/17, 70.5%), and weight loss (10/17, 58.8%) were the most frequently described symptoms overall. No tumors were identified. Of the 17 patients, 13 received immunotherapy comprising IVIG combination of IVMP during the acute symptomatic phase followed by oral prednisolone to maintain remission (n = 7), the combination of IVIG, IVMP, oral prednisolone and methotrexate (n = 1), the combination of IVIG, IVMP, and mycophenolate mofetil (n = 1), the combination of IVIG, IVMP, oral prednisolone, and rituximab (n = 1), IVIG only (n = 2), IVMP only (n = 1). Median modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores in the acute phase were 3 (range 1-4) and improved gradually. Over the follow-up (median 8.6 months, range 1-36 months), 52.9% (9/17) of the patients recovered completely; one patient relapsed and showed immunotherapy-dependent. CONCLUSION LGI1 and CASPR2 double-positive antibodies associated with the neurological diseases can occur in children of all ages and involve multiple nervous systems. Morvan syndrome is the most common phenotype of this disorder. The long-term outcomes are mostly favorable upon immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Chengbing Tan
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingsong Li
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaojie Song
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiannan Ma
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengxiong Yao
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Siqi Hong
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiujuan Li
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Luo
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Chongqing, China
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16
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Mishra SK. The Role of CNTNAP2 in Itch Sensation. J Invest Dermatol 2022; 142:251-253. [PMID: 34310948 PMCID: PMC8688288 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.07.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Santosh K. Mishra
- CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Dr. Santosh K. Mishra, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607,
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17
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Newville J, Howard TA, Chavez GJ, Valenzuela CF, Cunningham LA. Persistent myelin abnormalities in a third trimester-equivalent mouse model of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2022; 46:77-86. [PMID: 34825395 PMCID: PMC8799509 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal diffusion within white matter (WM) tracts has been linked to cognitive impairment in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. Whether changes to myelin organization and structure underlie the observed abnormal diffusion patterns remains unknown. Using a third trimester-equivalent mouse model of alcohol exposure, we previously demonstrated acute loss of oligodendrocyte lineage cells with persistent loss of myelin basic protein and lower fractional anisotropy (FA) in the corpus callosum (CC). Here, we tested whether these WM deficits are accompanied by changes in: (i) axial diffusion (AD) and radial diffusion (RD), (ii) myelin ultrastructure, or (iii) structural components of the node of Ranvier. METHODS Mouse pups were exposed to alcohol or air vapor for 4 h daily from postnatal day (P)3 to P15 (BEC: 160.4 ± 12.0 mg/dl; range = 128.2 to 185.6 mg/dl). Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and histological analyses were performed on brain tissue isolated at P50. Diffusion parameters were measured with Paravision™ 5.1 software (Bruker) following ex vivo scanning in a 7.0 T MRI. Nodes of Ranvier were identified using high-resolution confocal imaging of immunofluorescence for Nav 1.6 (nodes) and Caspr (paranodes) and measured using Imaris™ imaging software (Bitplane). Myelin ultrastructure was evaluated by calculating the G-ratio (axonal diameter/myelinated fiber diameter) on images acquired using transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS Consistent with our previous study, high resolution DTI at P50 showed lower FA in the CC of alcohol-exposed mice (p = 0.0014). Here, we show that while AD (diffusion parallel to CC axons) was similar between treatment groups (p = 0.30), RD (diffusion perpendicular to CC axons) in alcohol-exposed subjects was significantly higher than in controls (p = 0.0087). In the posterior CC, where we identified the highest degree of abnormal diffusion, node of Ranvier length did not differ between treatment groups (p = 0.41); however, the G-ratio of myelinated axons was significantly higher in alcohol-exposed animals than controls (p = 0.023). CONCLUSIONS High resolution DTI revealed higher RD at P50 in the CC of alcohol-exposed animals, suggesting less myelination of axons, particularly in the posterior regions. In agreement with these findings, ultrastructural analysis of myelinated axons in the posterior CC showed reduced myelin thickness in alcohol-exposed animals, evidenced by a higher G-ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie Newville
- Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Tamara A. Howard
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Glenna J. Chavez
- Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM
| | - C. Fernando Valenzuela
- Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Lee Anna Cunningham
- Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM
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18
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Dong Y, Chen Y, Yao B, Song P, Xu R, Li R, Liu P, Zhang Y, Mu L, Tong X, Ma L, Yu J, Su L. Neuropathologic damage induced by radiofrequency ablation at different temperatures. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2022; 77:100033. [PMID: 35436702 PMCID: PMC9035646 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2022.100033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the molecular mechanism of neuropathologic damage induced by radiofrequency ablation at different temperatures. METHODS This is basic research, and 36 SD rats were used to construct the neuropathological injury model. The rats were subjected to radiofrequency stimulation at different temperatures and were divided into 6 groups according to the temperature injury: 42°, 47°, 52°, 57°, 62°, and 67°C groups. Conduction time, conduction distance, and nerve conduction velocity were recorded after temperature injury. HE-staining was used to observe the histopathological morphology of the sciatic nerve. The expression of SCN9A, SCN3B, and NFASC protein in sciatic nerve tissue were detected by western blot. RESULTS With the increase in temperature, nerve conduction velocity gradually decreased, and neurons were damaged when the temperature was 67°C. HE-staining showed that the degrees of degeneration of neurons in rats at 47°, 52°, 57°, 62°, and 67°C were gradually increased. The expression of SCN9A, SCN3B protein in 57°, 62°, 67°C groups were much higher than that of NC, 42°, 47°, 52°C groups. However, the expression of NFASC protein in 57°, 62°, 67°C groups was much lower than that of the NC, 42°, 47°, 52°C groups. CONCLUSION There was a positive correlation between temperature caused by the radiofrequency stimulation to neuropathological damage. The mechanism is closely related to the expression of SCN9A, SCN3B, and NFASC protein in nerve tissue caused by heat transfer injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Dong
- Department of Thyroid Breast, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Thyroid Breast, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Baoguo Yao
- Department of Thyroid Breast, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Peng Song
- Department of Thyroid Breast, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ruiting Xu
- Department of Thyroid Breast, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Thyroid Breast, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Thyroid Breast, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Thyroid Breast, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Li Mu
- Department of Thyroid Breast, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xin Tong
- Department of Thyroid Breast, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Linwei Ma
- Department of Thyroid Breast, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jianjun Yu
- Department of Thyroid Breast, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Li Su
- Department of Thyroid Breast, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China.
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19
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Rosenow CS, Dawit S, Farrugia LP, Henry, MA KA, Sharma A, McKeon A, Porter AB, Grill MF. Case Report: Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome Associated With Contactin-Associated Protein-Like 2 and Acetylcholine Receptor Autoantibodies in the Setting of Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma. Neurohospitalist 2022; 12:100-104. [PMID: 34950395 PMCID: PMC8689548 DOI: 10.1177/19418744211012899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome (OMS) is a rare immune-mediated paraneoplastic or para/-post-infectious syndrome characterized by "dancing" eye movements, myoclonus, and ataxia. Neuropsychiatric symptoms have also been reported. Without treatment, OMS may progress to further neurological impairment and even death. Autoimmune attack of CNS structures in OMS is most commonly mediated by anti-Ri (also known as ANNA2) IgG antibodies, with additional findings implicating antibodies targeting various neurotransmitter receptors. Prompt immunotherapy and neoplasm treatment may result in improvement. We report a novel association of Contactin-Associated Protein-Like 2 (Caspr2) antibodies occurring in association with paraneoplastic OMS. While breast cancer and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) are more commonly associated with OMS among adults, we characterize a novel association between Caspr2 antibody in a patient with mixed non-small cell and small cell lung carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Dawit
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | | | | | | | - Andrew McKeon
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Alyx B. Porter
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Marie F. Grill
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
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20
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Shalev I, Somekh J, Eran A. Multimodal bioinformatic analyses of the neurodegenerative disease-associated TECPR2 gene reveal its diverse roles. J Med Genet 2021; 59:1002-1009. [PMID: 34933910 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2021-108193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loss of tectonin β-propeller repeat-containing 2 (TECPR2) function has been implicated in an array of neurodegenerative disorders, yet its physiological function remains largely unknown. Understanding TECPR2 function is essential for developing much needed precision therapeutics for TECPR2-related diseases. METHODS We leveraged considerable amounts of functional data to obtain a comprehensive perspective of the role of TECPR2 in health and disease. We integrated expression patterns, population variation, phylogenetic profiling, protein-protein interactions and regulatory network data for a minimally biased multimodal functional analysis. Genes and proteins linked to TECPR2 via multiple lines of evidence were subject to functional enrichment analyses to identify molecular mechanisms involving TECPR2. RESULTS TECPR2 was found to be part of a tight neurodevelopmental gene expression programme that includes KIF1A, ATXN1, TOM1L2 and FA2H, all implicated in neurological diseases. Functional enrichment analyses of TECPR2-related genes converged on a role in late autophagy and ribosomal processes. Large-scale population variation data demonstrated that this role is non-redundant. CONCLUSIONS TECPR2 might serve as an indicator for the energy balance between protein synthesis and autophagy, and a marker for diseases associated with their imbalance, such as Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease. Specifically, we speculate that TECPR2 plays an important role as a proteostasis regulator during synaptogenesis, highlighting its importance in developing neurons. By advancing our understanding of TECPR2 function, this work provides an essential stepping stone towards the development of precision diagnostics and targeted treatment options for TECPR2-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ido Shalev
- Department of Psychology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,Zlotowsky Center for Brain Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Judith Somekh
- Department of Information Systems, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Alal Eran
- Zlotowsky Center for Brain Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel .,Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,Computational Health Informatics Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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21
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Chakraborty S, Sharma A, Sharma A, Sihota R, Bhattacharjee S, Acharya M. Haplotype-based genomic analysis reveals novel association of CNTNAP5 genic region with primary angle closure glaucoma. J Biosci 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-020-00137-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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22
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Chromosome 2q14.3 microdeletion encompassing CNTNAP5 gene in a patient carrying a complex chromosomal rearrangement. J Genet 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12041-021-01316-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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23
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Integration of Imaging Genomics Data for the Study of Alzheimer's Disease Using Joint-Connectivity-Based Sparse Nonnegative Matrix Factorization. J Mol Neurosci 2021; 72:255-272. [PMID: 34410569 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-021-01888-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Imaging genetics reveals the connection between microscopic genetics and macroscopic imaging, enabling the identification of disease biomarkers. In this work, we make full use of prior knowledge that has significant reference value for investigating the correlation between the brain and genetics to explore more biologically substantial biomarkers. In this paper, we propose joint-connectivity-based sparse nonnegative matrix factorization (JCB-SNMF). The algorithm simultaneously projects structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI), single-nucleotide polymorphism sites (SNPs), and gene expression data onto a common feature space, where heterogeneous variables with large coefficients in the same projection direction form a common module. In addition, the connectivity information for each region of the brain and genetic data are added as prior knowledge to identify regions of interest (ROIs), SNPs, and gene-related risks related to Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. GraphNet regularization increases the anti-noise performance of the algorithm and the biological interpretability of the results. The simulation results show that compared with other NMF-based algorithms (JNMF, JSNMNMF), JCB-SNMF has better anti-noise performance and can identify and predict biomarkers closely related to AD from significant modules. By constructing a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, we identified SF3B1, RPS20, and RBM14 as potential biomarkers of AD. We also found some significant SNP-ROI and gene-ROI pairs. Among them, two SNPs rs4472239 and rs11918049 and three genes KLHL8, ZC3H11A, and OSGEPL1 may have effects on the gray matter volume of multiple brain regions. This model provides a new way to further integrate multimodal impact genetic data to identify complex disease association patterns.
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24
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Elkjaer ML, Nawrocki A, Kacprowski T, Lassen P, Simonsen AH, Marignier R, Sejbaek T, Nielsen HH, Wermuth L, Rashid AY, Høgh P, Sellebjerg F, Reynolds R, Baumbach J, Larsen MR, Illes Z. CSF proteome in multiple sclerosis subtypes related to brain lesion transcriptomes. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4132. [PMID: 33603109 PMCID: PMC7892884 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83591-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
To identify markers in the CSF of multiple sclerosis (MS) subtypes, we used a two-step proteomic approach: (i) Discovery proteomics compared 169 pooled CSF from MS subtypes and inflammatory/degenerative CNS diseases (NMO spectrum and Alzheimer disease) and healthy controls. (ii) Next, 299 proteins selected by comprehensive statistics were quantified in 170 individual CSF samples. (iii) Genes of the identified proteins were also screened among transcripts in 73 MS brain lesions compared to 25 control brains. F-test based feature selection resulted in 8 proteins differentiating the MS subtypes, and secondary progressive (SP)MS was the most different also from controls. Genes of 7 out these 8 proteins were present in MS brain lesions: GOLM was significantly differentially expressed in active, chronic active, inactive and remyelinating lesions, FRZB in active and chronic active lesions, and SELENBP1 in inactive lesions. Volcano maps of normalized proteins in the different disease groups also indicated the highest amount of altered proteins in SPMS. Apolipoprotein C-I, apolipoprotein A-II, augurin, receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase gamma, and trypsin-1 were upregulated in the CSF of MS subtypes compared to controls. This CSF profile and associated brain lesion spectrum highlight non-inflammatory mechanisms in differentiating CNS diseases and MS subtypes and the uniqueness of SPMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria L Elkjaer
- Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winslowsvej 4, 5000, Odense C, Denmark.,Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Arkadiusz Nawrocki
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Tim Kacprowski
- Research Group Computational Systems Medicine, Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Division Data Science in Biomedicine, Peter L. Reichertz Institute for Medical Informatics of TU Braunschweig and Medical School Hannover, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Pernille Lassen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Anja Hviid Simonsen
- Danish Dementia Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Romain Marignier
- Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Lyon, France
| | - Tobias Sejbaek
- Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winslowsvej 4, 5000, Odense C, Denmark.,Department of Neurology, Hospital South West Jutland, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Helle H Nielsen
- Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winslowsvej 4, 5000, Odense C, Denmark.,Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lene Wermuth
- Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winslowsvej 4, 5000, Odense C, Denmark.,Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Alyaa Yakut Rashid
- Department of Neurology, Hospital South West Jutland, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Peter Høgh
- Regional Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Finn Sellebjerg
- Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark., Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Jan Baumbach
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin R Larsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Zsolt Illes
- Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winslowsvej 4, 5000, Odense C, Denmark. .,Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. .,Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
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25
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Meng L, Yan D. NLR-1/CASPR Anchors F-Actin to Promote Gap Junction Formation. Dev Cell 2020; 55:574-587.e3. [PMID: 33238150 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2020.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Gap junctions are present in most tissues and play essential roles in various biological processes. However, we know surprisingly little about the molecular mechanisms underlying gap junction formation. Here, we uncover the essential role of a conserved EGF- and laminin-G-domain-containing protein nlr-1/CASPR in the regulation of gap junction formation in multiple tissues across different developmental stages in C. elegans. NLR-1 is located in the gap junction perinexus, a region adjacent to but not overlapping with gap junctions, and forms puncta before the clusters of gap junction channels appear on the membrane. We show that NLR-1 can directly bind to actin to recruit F-actin networks at the gap junction formation plaque, and the formation of F-actin patches plays a critical role in the assembly of gap junction channels. Our findings demonstrate that nlr-1/CASPR acts as an early stage signal for gap junction formation through anchoring of F-actin networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfeng Meng
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Dong Yan
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Regeneration Next, and Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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26
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Bizzoca A, Caracciolo M, Corsi P, Magrone T, Jirillo E, Gennarini G. Molecular and Cellular Substrates for the Friedreich Ataxia. Significance of Contactin Expression and of Antioxidant Administration. Molecules 2020; 25:E4085. [PMID: 32906751 PMCID: PMC7570916 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the neural phenotype is explored in rodent models of the spinocerebellar disorder known as the Friedreich Ataxia (FA), which results from mutations within the gene encoding the Frataxin mitochondrial protein. For this, the M12 line, bearing a targeted mutation, which disrupts the Frataxin gene exon 4 was used, together with the M02 line, which, in addition, is hemizygous for the human Frataxin gene mutation (Pook transgene), implying the occurrence of 82-190 GAA repeats within its first intron. The mutant mice phenotype was compared to the one of wild type littermates in regions undergoing differential profiles of neurogenesis, including the cerebellar cortex and the spinal cord by using neuronal (β-tubulin) and glial (Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein) markers as well as the Contactin 1 axonal glycoprotein, involved in neurite growth control. Morphological/morphometric analyses revealed that while in Frataxin mutant mice the neuronal phenotype was significantly counteracted, a glial upregulation occurred at the same time. Furthermore, Contactin 1 downregulation suggested that changes in the underlying gene contributed to the disorder pathogenesis. Therefore, the FA phenotype implies an alteration of the developmental profile of neuronal and glial precursors. Finally, epigallocatechin gallate polyphenol administration counteracted the disorder, indicating protective effects of antioxidant administration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Gianfranco Gennarini
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, Medical School, University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11. I-70124 Bari, Italy; (A.B.); (M.C.); (P.C.); (T.M.); (E.J.)
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27
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Ludington EG, Yu S, Bae HA, Barnett CP. Novel de novo 2q14.3 deletion disrupting CNTNAP5 in a girl with intellectual impairment, thin corpus callosum, and microcephaly. Am J Med Genet A 2020; 182:1824-1828. [PMID: 32329157 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor G Ludington
- Paediatric and Reproductive Genetics Unit, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sui Yu
- Genetic Medicine, SA Pathology, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ha Ae Bae
- Paediatric and Reproductive Genetics Unit, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Christopher P Barnett
- Paediatric and Reproductive Genetics Unit, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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28
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Hu B, Wang C, Chang Q, Yang W, Wu Z, Meng M, Qu F, Chen P, Zhang C, Zhang Y. NF155-overexpression promotes remyelination and functional restoration in a hypoxic-ischemic mixed neonatal rat forebrain cell culture system. Neurosci Lett 2020; 718:134743. [PMID: 31917235 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.134743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
White matter injury caused by perinatal hypoxia-ischemia is characterized by myelination disorders; however, its pathophysiological mechanisms are not fully elucidated. The neurofascin 155 (NF155) protein, expressed in oligodendrocytes, is critical for myelination. Previous findings suggest that NF155 participates in the pathological mechanisms of developmental myelination disorders in hypoxic-ischemic cerebral white matter lesions, and it might regulate cytoskeletal changes. Therefore, we hypothesized that increased NF155 expression during the early stages of hypoxic oligodendrocyte injury helps normalize myelin sheath development and consequently improves neural function by repairing paranodal structures of myelin sheaths and regulating cytoskeletal changes. To test this hypothesis, we established a hypoxic-ischemic, mixed neonatal rat forebrain cell culture model. When NF155 expression was upregulated, synergistic effects occurred between this protein and the paranodal proteins CASPR and contactin. In addition, the expression of Rho GTPase family proteins that regulate key cytoskeletal pathways, myelin sheath structures, and functions were restored, and axonal structures acquired a clear and transparent appearance. These results suggest that NF155 may enable myelin sheath repair by repairing paranodal region structures and regulating oligodendrocyte cytoskeletal mechanisms. Overall, the present study provides new insights into the pathogenesis of hypoxic-ischemic cerebral white matter lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Chengju Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Qin Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Wang Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Zhifeng Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Meng Meng
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Fuxiang Qu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Penghui Chen
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Chunqing Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Yuping Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China.
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29
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The Interaction Between Contactin and Amyloid Precursor Protein and Its Role in Alzheimer’s Disease. Neuroscience 2020; 424:184-202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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30
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Mazón-Cabrera R, Vandormael P, Somers V. Antigenic Targets of Patient and Maternal Autoantibodies in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1474. [PMID: 31379804 PMCID: PMC6659315 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose behavioral symptoms become apparent in early childhood. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are only partially understood and the clinical manifestations are heterogeneous in nature, which poses a major challenge for diagnosis, prognosis and intervention. In the last years, an important role of a dysregulated immune system in ASD has emerged, but the mechanisms connecting this to a disruption of brain development are still largely unknown. Although ASD is not considered as a typical autoimmune disease, self-reactive antibodies or autoantibodies against a wide variety of targets have been found in a subset of ASD patients. In addition, autoantibodies reactive to fetal brain proteins have also been described in the prenatal stage of neurodevelopment, where they can be transferred from the mother to the fetus by transplacental transport. In this review, we give an extensive overview of the antibodies described in ASD according to their target antigens, their different origins, and timing of exposure during neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Veerle Somers
- Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Science, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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31
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Morató X, Luján R, Gonçalves N, Watanabe M, Altafaj X, Carvalho AL, Fernández-Dueñas V, Cunha RA, Ciruela F. Metabotropic glutamate type 5 receptor requires contactin-associated protein 1 to control memory formation. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 27:3528-3541. [PMID: 30010864 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The hippocampus is a key brain region for memory formation. Metabotropic glutamate type 5 receptors (mGlu5R) are strongly expressed in CA1 pyramidal neurons and fine-tune synaptic plasticity. Accordingly, mGlu5R pharmacological manipulation may represent an attractive therapeutic strategy to manage hippocampal-related neurological disorders. Here, by means of a membrane yeast two-hybrid screening, we identified contactin-associated protein 1 (Caspr1), a type I transmembrane protein member of the neurexin family, as a new mGlu5R partner. We report that mGlu5R and Caspr1 co-distribute and co-assemble both in heterologous expression systems and in rat brain. Furthermore, downregulation of Caspr1 in rat hippocampal primary cultures decreased mGlu5R-mediated signaling. Finally, silencing Caspr1 expression in the hippocampus impaired the impact of mGlu5R on spatial memory. Our results indicate that Caspr1 plays a pivotal role controlling mGlu5R function in hippocampus-dependent memory formation. Hence, this new protein-protein interaction may represent novel target for neurological disorders affecting hippocampal glutamatergic neurotransmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Morató
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Departament Patologia i Terapèutica Experimental, Facultat de Medicina, IDIBELL, Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Luján
- IDINE, Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Nélio Gonçalves
- CNC-Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Anatomy, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Xavier Altafaj
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Departament Patologia i Terapèutica Experimental, Facultat de Medicina, IDIBELL, Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Ana Luísa Carvalho
- CNC-Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Víctor Fernández-Dueñas
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Departament Patologia i Terapèutica Experimental, Facultat de Medicina, IDIBELL, Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rodrigo A Cunha
- CNC-Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francisco Ciruela
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Departament Patologia i Terapèutica Experimental, Facultat de Medicina, IDIBELL, Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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32
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Allen JD, Bishop JR. A systematic review of genome-wide association studies of antipsychotic response. Pharmacogenomics 2019; 20:291-306. [PMID: 30883267 PMCID: PMC6563266 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2018-0163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical symptom response to antipsychotic medications is highly variable. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) provide a 'hypothesis-free' method of interrogating the genome for biomarkers of antipsychotic response. We performed a systematic review of GWAS findings for antipsychotic efficacy or effectiveness. 14 studies met our inclusion criteria, ten of which examined antipsychotic response using quantitative rating scales to measure symptom improvement. 15 genome-wide significant loci were identified, seven of which were replicated in other antipsychotic GWAS publications: CNTNAP5, GRID2, GRM7, 8q24 (KCNK9), PCDH7, SLC1A1 and TNIK. Notably, four replicated loci are involved in glutamatergic pathways. Additional validation and evaluation of the biological significance of these markers is warranted. These markers should also be evaluated for clinical utility, especially in the context of other validated pharmacogenomic variants (e.g., CYP450 genes). These findings may generate new avenues for development of novel antipsychotic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiah D Allen
- Department of Experimental & Clinical Pharmacology, University of Minnesota College of Pharmacy, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Medigenics Consulting LLC, Minneapolis, MN 55407, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Bishop
- Department of Experimental & Clinical Pharmacology, University of Minnesota College of Pharmacy, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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33
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Chatterjee M, Schild D, Teunissen CE. Contactins in the central nervous system: role in health and disease. Neural Regen Res 2019; 14:206-216. [PMID: 30530999 PMCID: PMC6301169 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.244776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Contactins are a group of cell adhesion molecules that are mainly expressed in the brain and play pivotal roles in the organization of axonal domains, axonal guidance, neuritogenesis, neuronal development, synapse formation and plasticity, axo-glia interactions and neural regeneration. Contactins comprise a family of six members. Their absence leads to malformed axons and impaired nerve conduction. Contactin mediated protein complex formation is critical for the organization of the axon in early central nervous system development. Mutations and differential expression of contactins have been identified in neuro-developmental or neurological disorders. Taken together, contactins are extensively studied in the context of nervous system development. This review summarizes the physiological roles of all six members of the Contactin family in neurodevelopment as well as their involvement in neurological/neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhurima Chatterjee
- Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Detlev Schild
- Institute of Neurophysiology and Cellular Biophysics, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- DFG Research Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- DFG Excellence Cluster 171, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Charlotte E. Teunissen
- Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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34
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Li C, Zheng Z, Ha P, Chen X, Jiang W, Sun S, Chen F, Asatrian G, Berthiaume EA, Kim JK, Chen EC, Pang S, Zhang X, Ting K, Soo C. Neurexin Superfamily Cell Membrane Receptor Contactin-Associated Protein Like-4 (Cntnap4) Is Involved in Neural EGFL-Like 1 (Nell-1)-Responsive Osteogenesis. J Bone Miner Res 2018; 33:1813-1825. [PMID: 29905970 PMCID: PMC6390490 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Contactin-associated protein-like 4 (Cntnap4) is a member of the neurexin superfamily of transmembrane molecules that have critical functions in neuronal cell communication. Cntnap4 knockout mice display decreased presynaptic gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and increased dopamine release that is associated with severe, highly penetrant, repetitive, and perseverative movements commonly found in human autism spectrum disorder patients. However, no known function of Cntnap4 has been revealed besides the nervous system. Meanwhile, secretory protein neural EGFL-like 1 (Nell-1) is known to exert potent osteogenic effects in multiple small and large animal models without the off-target effects commonly found with bone morphogenetic protein 2. In this study, while searching for a Nell-1-specific cell surface receptor during osteogenesis, we identified and validated a ligand/receptor-like interaction between Nell-1 and Cntnap4 by demonstrating: 1) Nell-1 and Cntnap4 colocalization on the surface of osteogenic-committed cells; 2) high-affinity interaction between Nell-1 and Cntnap4; 3) abrogation of Nell-1-responsive Wnt and MAPK signaling transduction, as well as osteogenic effects, via Cntnap4 knockdown; and 4) replication of calvarial cleidocranial dysplasias-like defects observed in Nell-1-deficient mice in Wnt1-Cre-mediated Cntnap4-knockout transgenic mice. In aggregate, these findings indicate that Cntnap4 plays a critical role in Nell-1-responsive osteogenesis. Further, this is the first functional annotation for Cntnap4 in the musculoskeletal system. Intriguingly, Nell-1 and Cntnap4 also colocalize on the surface of human hippocampal interneurons, implicating Nell-1 as a potential novel ligand for Cntnap4 in the nervous system. This unexpected characterization of the ligand/receptor-like interaction between Nell-1 and Cntnap4 indicates a novel biological functional axis for Nell-1 and Cntnap4 in osteogenesis and, potentially, in neural development and function. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenshuang Li
- Division of Growth and Development, Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zhong Zheng
- Division of Growth and Development, Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Pin Ha
- Division of Growth and Development, Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- Division of Growth and Development, Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Wenlu Jiang
- Division of Growth and Development, Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shan Sun
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Feng Chen
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Greg Asatrian
- Division of Growth and Development, Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Emily A Berthiaume
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jong Kil Kim
- Division of Growth and Development, Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Eric C Chen
- Division of Growth and Development, Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shen Pang
- Division of Growth and Development, Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xinli Zhang
- Division of Growth and Development, Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kang Ting
- Division of Growth and Development, Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chia Soo
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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35
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Saint-Martin M, Joubert B, Pellier-Monnin V, Pascual O, Noraz N, Honnorat J. Contactin-associated protein-like 2, a protein of the neurexin family involved in several human diseases. Eur J Neurosci 2018; 48:1906-1923. [PMID: 30028556 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Contactin-associated protein-like 2 (CASPR2) is a cell adhesion protein of the neurexin family. Proteins of this family have been shown to play a role in the development of the nervous system, in synaptic functions, and in neurological diseases. Over recent years, CASPR2 function has gained an increasing interest as demonstrated by the growing number of publications. Here, we gather published data to comprehensively review CASPR2 functions within the nervous system in relation to CASPR2-related diseases in humans. On the one hand, studies on Cntnap2 (coding for CASPR2) knockout mice revealed its role during development, especially, in setting-up the inhibitory network. Consistent with this result, mutations in the CNTNAP2 gene coding for CASPR2 in human have been identified in neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism, intellectual disability, and epilepsy. On the other hand, CASPR2 was shown to play a role beyond development, in the localization of voltage-gated potassium channel (VGKC) complex that is composed of TAG-1, Kv1.1, and Kv1.2. This complex was found in several subcellular compartments essential for action potential propagation: the node of Ranvier, the axon initial segment, and the synapse. In line with a role of CASPR2 in the mature nervous system, neurological autoimmune diseases have been described in patients without neurodevelopmental disorders but with antibodies directed against CASPR2. These autoimmune diseases were of two types: central with memory disorders and temporal lobe seizures, or peripheral with muscular hyperactivity. Overall, we review the up-to-date knowledge on CASPR2 function and pinpoint confused or lacking information that will need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaux Saint-Martin
- Institut NeuroMyoGene INSERM U1217/CNRS UMR 5310, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Bastien Joubert
- Institut NeuroMyoGene INSERM U1217/CNRS UMR 5310, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,French Reference Center on Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndrome, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Neurologique, Bron, France
| | - Véronique Pellier-Monnin
- Institut NeuroMyoGene INSERM U1217/CNRS UMR 5310, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Olivier Pascual
- Institut NeuroMyoGene INSERM U1217/CNRS UMR 5310, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Nelly Noraz
- Institut NeuroMyoGene INSERM U1217/CNRS UMR 5310, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Jérôme Honnorat
- Institut NeuroMyoGene INSERM U1217/CNRS UMR 5310, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,French Reference Center on Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndrome, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Neurologique, Bron, France
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