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McKell D, Ely S, Ausel E, Bahner I, Belovich AN, Brenneman A, Brooks W, Garwood S, Habal S, Haight M, Hernandez M, Ikonne U, Porter R, Rowe R, Taylor TAH, Thesen T. Creating a Culture of Teaching and Learning. MEDICAL SCIENCE EDUCATOR 2024; 34:961-966. [PMID: 39099869 PMCID: PMC11296986 DOI: 10.1007/s40670-024-02103-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas McKell
- College of Population Health, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Susan Ely
- Baylor College of Medicine, Temple, TX USA
| | - Erica Ausel
- Marian University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Ingrid Bahner
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL USA
| | | | | | - William Brooks
- University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Steve Garwood
- Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ USA
| | - Shafik Habal
- Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Michele Haight
- Sam Houston State University College of Medicine, Huntsville, TX USA
| | - Mark Hernandez
- Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN USA
| | - Uzoma Ikonne
- Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA USA
| | - Rachel Porter
- Physician Assistant Program, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
| | - Rebecca Rowe
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of New England, Biddeford, ME USA
| | - Tracey A. H. Taylor
- Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Auburn Hills, MI USA
| | - Thomas Thesen
- Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH USA
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Surrati AMQ, Altayeb EH, Almohammadi WA, Aljohani RM, Altouri HSA, Alhawsawi RA. The measured healthy lifestyle habits among Saudi university females in Medina, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38712. [PMID: 38968502 PMCID: PMC11224813 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle plays a crucial role in shaping an individual's health outcomes, we aim to calculate the prevalence of lifestyle habits among female populations in the College of Medicine, Taibah University including poor dietary habits, lack of physical activity (PA), poor coping with stress, and impaired sleep patterns and to find factors that are correlated to them. A cross-sectional study was conducted among Saudi females at the College of Medicine, Taibah University, from January 1 to June 1, 2023. Data were collected through interviewing them using validated questionnaires assessing 5 different lifestyle domains. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21.0. A total of 263 cases were interviewed. The mean age was 22 ± 8.4 years old. The average sleep quality measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index of 2.6 ± 1.1, suggesting relative difficulty in sleep quality. A total of 68.6% participated in moderate PA. Dietary habits indicated a high prevalence of consumption of sweets, and fast meals, alongside low intake of fruits and vegetables. Emotional well-being, as assessed by the World Health Organization-5 questionnaire, yielded an average score of 7.8 ± 5.7, 58.9% moderate stress, and 8% high perceived stress. Adequate sleep quality is crucial for well-being, necessitating lifestyle modifications, particularly weight management, to address sleep disorders. Varied PA levels (46% meeting recommendations) highlight the need for standardized guidelines and tailored interventions. The high prevalence of unhealthy dietary habits underscores the importance of targeted nutritional interventions. Stress prevalence (40%) emphasizes the need for individualized stress management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal M. Qasem Surrati
- Family and Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
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Luo W, Fan W, Xia Y, Dou Y, Du J. Professional psychological qualities of Chinese medical students: theoretical models, questionnaire development, and relationship with mental health. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1411085. [PMID: 39035093 PMCID: PMC11258856 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1411085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Professional psychological qualities are crucial for individuals' career development and overall well-being, especially in clinical medical professions. Medical students often face significant work, academic, and doctor-patient communication pressures, which can challenge their mental and emotional health. Measuring and understanding the relationship between medical students' professional psychological qualities and their mental health is of significant practical importance. Methods This study developed a comprehensive professional psychological qualities scale through a series of qualitative and quantitative studies, consisting of three main components and thirteen secondary dimensions. The scale's reliability was assessed using Cronbach's α coefficients. In Study 2, the scale was administered to 972 medical students to explore their anxiety and depression levels. A simple mediation analysis was conducted to investigate the relationship between professional psychological qualities, anxiety, and depression. Results The professional psychological qualities scale demonstrated satisfactory reliability, with a total scale α coefficient of 0.947 and subscale α coefficients ranging from 0.895 to 0.933. The mediation analysis revealed that medical students' professional psychological qualities directly negatively impact depression levels and indirectly positively influence them via their effects on anxiety levels, exhibiting an overall masking effect unrelated to depression levels. Discussion This study addresses the gap in research on the professional psychological qualities of medical students by providing a reliable measurement tool. The findings shed light on the complex mechanisms through which these qualities impact the mental health process. The scale can be used by other researchers to assess medical students' professional psychological qualities and further investigate their relationship with mental health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenping Luo
- School of Clinical Medicine/Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenshu Fan
- Mental Health Education Center for College Students, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanglin Xia
- College of Health and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanchun Dou
- Mianyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Mianyang, China
| | - Juan Du
- Mental Health Education Center for College Students, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Le Saux O, Canada B, Debarnot U, Haouhache NEH, Lehot JJ, Binay M, Cortet M, Rimmelé T, Duclos A, Rode G, Lilot M, Schlatter S. Association of Personality Traits With the Efficacy of Stress Management Interventions for Medical Students Taking Objective Structured Clinical Examinations. ACADEMIC MEDICINE : JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN MEDICAL COLLEGES 2024; 99:784-793. [PMID: 38534105 DOI: 10.1097/acm.0000000000005714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Personality traits are associated with psychophysiological stress, but few studies focus on medical students. This study aimed to better understand the association of personality traits with the efficacy of stress management interventions for medical students. METHOD A randomized controlled trial was conducted with fourth-year students who took the objective structured clinical examination at Bernard University Lyon 1 in December 2021. Students were randomized in cardiac biofeedback, mindfulness, and control groups. Each intervention was implemented for 6 minutes before the examination. Physiological stress levels were collected during the intervention. Psychological stress levels were rated by students at baseline and after the intervention. Personality traits were assessed via the Big-Five Inventory. Interactions between personality traits and the efficacy of the interventions were analyzed using multivariable linear regression models. RESULTS Four hundred eighty-one students participated. Higher baseline psychological stress levels were associated with higher neuroticism and agreeableness ( β = 10.27 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 7.40-13.13; P < .001] and β = 3.42 [95% CI, 0.98-5.85; P = .006], respectively) and lower openness ( β = -4.95; 95% CI, -7.40 to -2.49; P < .001). As compared with the control intervention, both stress management interventions led to lower levels of psychological ( P < .001 for both) and physiological stress levels (biofeedback: P < .001 and mindfulness: P = .009). Biofeedback efficacy varied by extraversion score for psychological ( β = -5.66; 95% CI, -10.83 to -0.50; P = .03) and physiological stress reduction ( β = -0.002; 95% CI, -0.003 to -0.00004; P = .045). Mindfulness efficacy varied by agreeableness score for psychological stress reduction ( β = -7.87; 95% CI, -13.05 to -2.68; P = .003). CONCLUSIONS Students with a high score in extraversion may benefit more from biofeedback interventions, while students with high scores in agreeableness may benefit more from mindfulness interventions.
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Karabacak M, Kose EB, Bahadir Z, Demirel Y, Mutlu EB, Ozcan Z, Ozkara BB. Factors associated with substance use among preclinical medical students in Turkey: a cross-sectional study. CANADIAN MEDICAL EDUCATION JOURNAL 2024; 15:37-44. [PMID: 39114776 PMCID: PMC11302766 DOI: 10.36834/cmej.77088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Medical students experience high levels of stress due to their rigorous training, which can negatively affect their mental health. This study aimed to investigate substance use habits of medical students at Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa and the association on their mental health and demographic factors. Methods This cross-sectional survey study was conducted in March-April 2022 among preclinical medical students (years 1-3 of a 6-year program). A confidential, anonymous online survey consisting of four sections on sociodemographic and educational characteristics, nicotine use and dependence [Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND)], alcohol use [Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT)], mental health status [12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12)], was distributed to 1131 students via WhatsApp and Telegram text messages. Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis tests compared variables' distribution in the questionnaire categories. Spearman's correlation assessed associations between scales. Significance was p < 0.05. Results The study included 190 medical students. A total of 26.3% of the participants were smokers, with 8.4% showing moderate to high levels of nicotine dependence. An estimated 45.8% and 8.4%reported low-risk consumption and risky usage of alcohol, respectively. There were statistically significant associations between substance use and demographic factors such as sex, GPA, and religious belief. The study found a statistically significant correlation between FTND scores and GHQ-12 scores, and, between FTND scores and AUDIT scores. Conclusion The findings of this study will inform the development of interventions to improve the mental health and academic performance of medical students at Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa. Furthermore, it will raise awareness about the importance of addressing substance use among medical students in Turkey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mert Karabacak
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, USA
| | | | - Zeynep Bahadir
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Yagmur Demirel
- Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Zeynep Ozcan
- Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
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Tibbetts Y, Himmelberger ZM, Barron KE, Speicher MR, Hulleman CS. Learning Mindsets and Well-Being and Ill-Being Among Osteopathic Medical Students. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e2418090. [PMID: 38874920 PMCID: PMC11179131 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.18090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Given the high rates of burnout and associated negative mental health outcomes (eg, depression, suicidal ideation, substance abuse) among medical students and physicians, it is imperative to identify strategies for supporting the future health workforce, particularly when considering trends indicating a future shortage of physicians. Understanding the associations of medical school students' learning mindsets (eg, growth mindset, purpose and relevance, and sense of belonging) with indicators of well-being (eg, flourishing) and ill-being (eg, burnout) could provide a foundation for future research to consider when attempting to combat the negative mental health trends among medical students and physicians. Objectives To understand the associations of medical school students' learning mindsets (ie, their beliefs about themselves as learners and their learning environment) with critical student health outcomes (ie, well-being and ill-being). Design, Setting, and Participants This survey study used a nationally representative sample of first-year osteopathic medical school students across the US who responded to a survey of learning mindsets as well as measures of well-being and ill-being in fall 2022. Data were analyzed from January to April 2024. Main Outcomes and Measures Learning mindsets were categorized as growth mindset, purpose and relevance, and sense of belonging. Well-being was categorized as flourishing and resilience, and ill-being was categorized as burnout and psychological symptoms. Outcomes were regressed on learning mindset and demographics variables, and interactions of demographic variables and learning mindsets were assessed. Results A total of 7839 students were surveyed, and 6622 students (mean [SD] age, 25.05 [3.20]; 3678 [55.5%] women) responded and were included in analyses. The 3 learning mindsets were significantly associated with flourishing (growth mindset: b = 0.34; 95% CI, 0.23 to 0.45; P < .001; purpose and relevance: b = 2.02; 95% CI, 1.83 to 2.20; P < .001; belonging uncertainty: b = -0.98; 95% CI, -1.08 to -0.89; P < .001) and resilience (growth mindset: b = 0.28; 95% CI, 0.17 to 0.40; P < .001; purpose and relevance: b = 1.62; 95% CI, 1.43 to 1.82; P < .001; belonging uncertainty: b = -1.50; 95% CI, -1.60 to -1.40; P < .001) well-being outcomes and burnout (growth mindset: b = -0.09; 95% CI, -0.11 to -0.07; P < .001; purpose and relevance: b = -0.29; 95% CI, -0.32 to -0.25; P < .001; belonging uncertainty: b = 0.28; 95% CI, 0.26 to 0.30; P < .001) and psychological symptoms (growth mindset: b = -0.22; 95% CI, -0.30 to -0.14; P < .001; purpose and relevance: b = -0.51; 95% CI, -0.64 to -0.38; P < .001; belonging uncertainty: b = 1.33; 95% CI, 1.27 to 1.40; P < .001) ill-being outcomes, even when controlling for important demographic characteristics (eg, race and ethnicity, gender identity, age). Furthermore, several significant interactions indicated that these learning mindsets may be particularly salient for students from historically marginalized communities: there was a significant interaction between growth mindset and race and ethnicity (b = 0.58; 95% CI, 0.08 to 1.09, P = .02), such that growth mindset was more strongly associated with flourishing among American Indian or Alaska Native, Black, Latine, or Native Hawaiian students. Conclusions and Relevance These findings suggest that identifying strategies for supporting students' learning mindsets may be an effective way to support medical student well-being and reduce ill-being, particularly among students from historically marginalized backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoi Tibbetts
- Motivate Lab, Harrisonburg, Virginia
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | | | - Kenneth E. Barron
- Motivate Lab, Harrisonburg, Virginia
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia
| | - Mark R. Speicher
- American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Chris S. Hulleman
- Motivate Lab, Harrisonburg, Virginia
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville
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Laeeque SH, Ali M. Teacher Injustice and Classroom Citizenship Behavior of Pakistani Nursing Students: A Moderated Mediation Model. Psychol Rep 2024; 127:1453-1479. [PMID: 36346985 DOI: 10.1177/00332941221138474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
People sometimes limit themselves to doing what is explicitly expected of them and purposely avoid engaging in socially desirable behaviors. Against this background, this study tested a moderated-mediation model based on Conservation of Resources theory and equity theory in academic context through a mixed-methods approach. More specifically, it examined the role of equity sensitivity in influencing the indirect effect of teacher injustice (TI) on classroom citizenship behavior (CCB) through burnout. Results achieved through a four-wave data collected from Pakistani nursing students partially supported the model. They demonstrated that while burnout serves as a mediator in the TI-CCB relationship, the mediation effect is independent of the level of equity sensitivity. A follow-up focus group was also conducted whose findings gave additional details regarding the psychosocial processes underlying the effect of TI on targeted students' attitudes and behaviors. Overall, the study offers theory- and evidence-based insights into the CCB withdrawal process, and provides guidance to education management practice and research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Madeeha Ali
- Business Studies Department, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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El-Awaisi A, Ismail S, Sulaiman R, Kane T, El Hajj MS, Shraim M. A Qualitative Exploration of Health Profession Students' Experiences of Resilience and Burnout Using the Coping Reservoir Model during the COVID-19 Pandemic. TEACHING AND LEARNING IN MEDICINE 2024; 36:256-268. [PMID: 37159074 DOI: 10.1080/10401334.2023.2209073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Phenomenon: The Coping Reservoir Model is a useful theoretical and analytical framework through which to examine student resilience and burnout. This model conceptualizes wellbeing as a reservoir which is filled or drained through students' adaptive and maladaptive coping mechanisms. This dynamic process has the capacity to foster resilience and reduce burnout or the inverse. This study aimed to explore health profession students' coping mechanisms and their experiences of resilience and burnout during the unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic. Approach: Employing the Coping Reservoir Model, qualitative focus groups involving health profession students enrolled at Qatar University were conducted, in October 2020, to solicit their lived experiences of stress and burnout during the pandemic. The Coping Reservoir Model was used to structure the topic guide for the focus group discussion and the Framework Analysis Approach was used in the data analysis. Findings: A total of 43 participants comprised eight focus groups. Health profession students encountered myriad personal, social, and academic challenges during the pandemic which adversely impacted their wellbeing and their capacity for coping. In particular, students reported high levels of stress, internal conflict, and heavy demands on their time and energy. The shift to online learning and uncertainty associated with adapting to online learning and new modes of assessment were exacerbating factors. Students sought to replenish their coping reservoir through engagement in a range of intellectual, social, and health-promoting activities and seeking psychosocial support in their efforts to mitigate these stressors. Insights: Students in this region have traditionally been left to their own devices to deal with stress and burnout during their academic training, wherein the institutions focus exclusively on the delivery of information. This study underscores student needs and potential avenues that health profession educators might implement to better support their students, for instance the development and inclusion of longitudinal wellbeing and mentorship curricula geared to build resilience and reduce burnout. The invaluable contributions of health professionals during the pandemic warrant emphasis, as does an examination of the stress associated with these roles to normalize and justify inclusion of wellbeing and resilience modules within the curriculum. Actively engaging health profession students in university-led volunteer activities during public health crises and campaigns would provide opportunities to replenish their coping reservoirs through social engagement, intellectual stimulation, and consolidating their future professional identities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alla El-Awaisi
- Department of Clincial Pharmacy and Practice, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sara Ismail
- Department of Clincial Pharmacy and Practice, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ruba Sulaiman
- Department of Clincial Pharmacy and Practice, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Tanya Kane
- Department of Population Medicine, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Maguy Saffouh El Hajj
- Department of Clincial Pharmacy and Practice, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mujahed Shraim
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Hohneck A, Reyser C, Usselmann R, Heinemann L, Weingaertner S, Reckling H, Schumacher G, Burkholder I, Merx K, Hofmann WK, Hofheinz RD. Hemodynamic and Stress Response After Sound Intervention with Different Headphone Systems: A Double-Blind Randomized Study in Healthy Volunteers Working in the Health Care Sector. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE 2024; 30:360-370. [PMID: 37819750 DOI: 10.1089/jicm.2022.0757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Two headphone systems using different sound systems were compared to investigate the effects of a sound intervention on cardiovascular parameters, indicators of stress, and subjective feelings. Methods: One hundred volunteers who work in the health care sector reporting elevated workplace-related stress were enrolled and randomized to a 12-min sound intervention (classical music) with either conventional headphones ("MEZE 99 Classic") or with the same-but internally modified-headphone (called "Lautsaenger"). Cardiovascular parameters were measured with the VascAssist2.0, both before and after sound interventions. In addition, participants were asked to complete questionnaires on burnout risk and emotions/stress. Results: The study population consisted mainly of female participants (n = 83), with the majority being students (42%). Median age was 32.5 years (range 21-71). In terms of cardiovascular parameters, a significant reduction in aortic pulse wave velocity, as measure of arterial stiffness, and heart rate was observed within both treatment arms. Both systolic blood pressure and arterial flow resistance were reduced by sound intervention, while these effects were only documented with Lautsaenger. Treatment groups were comparable in terms of subjective feedback by participants: a significant increase in emotional wellbeing was achieved with both headphone systems. Conclusions: A single short-term sound intervention seems to be able to achieve objective cardiovascular improvements in healthy volunteers reporting subjective symptoms of workplace-related stress, using two different headphone systems. Moreover, significant emotional improvement was reported within both arms. Trial Registration: ISRCTN registry 70947363, date of registration August 13, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hohneck
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, Hemostaseology and Medical Intensive Care, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for AngioScience (ECAS) and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christina Reyser
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rimma Usselmann
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lara Heinemann
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Simone Weingaertner
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hardy Reckling
- Corporate Health Management, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Iris Burkholder
- Department of Nursing and Health, University of Applied Sciences of the Saarland, Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Kirsten Merx
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Wolf-Karsten Hofmann
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ralf-Dieter Hofheinz
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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Alsulaihebi HS, Alsulaihebi AS, Alsaedi ZK, Alsharif SY, Mahamid AW, Babateen OM. Musculoskeletal disorder prevalence and its correlation with stress in medical students: A cross sectional survey. J Family Med Prim Care 2024; 13:1524-1529. [PMID: 38827712 PMCID: PMC11142014 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1659_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The study aimed to evaluate musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) prevalence and its correlation with stress in medical students at Umm Al-Qura University (UQU) in Saudi Arabia. Methods A total of 416 participants participated in this study by answering an online questionnaire. We included medical students from UQU of both genders, ranging from the first year to the sixth year. A questionnaire was used to capture sociodemographic data. The data were collected using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-10) and Standardized Nordic questionnaire. Results Among 416 medical students surveyed, 219 (52.60%) were males. A significant proportion of participants, 294 (70.70%), reported experiencing pain during the last 12 months. Female students exhibited significantly higher scores of MSDs compared to their male counterparts. Students who reported working between 51-90 hours per week had a significantly higher MSD score than those who worked 0-50 hours or 91 or more hours. The findings of this study indicated that the most prevalent MSDs were low back pain (50.20%), followed by neck pain (31.70%), and female medical students exhibited significantly higher stress levels than male medical students. Conclusions Musculoskeletal disorders represent a prevalent health issue among medical students, there is a significant association between factors such as being a female and body mass index. Additionally, psychological stress is a widespread concern among medical students, given the demanding nature of their lifestyle. Interestingly, our findings revealed that there exists a moderately positive relationship between musculoskeletal disorders and stress in this particular population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husam S. Alsulaihebi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amjad S. Alsulaihebi
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ziyad K. Alsaedi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud Y. Alsharif
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anis W. Mahamid
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar M. Babateen
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Ruiz J, Kaminnik P, Kibble J, Kauffman C. Relationships between medical student wellness, self-efficacy, and academic performance during the "post-COVID" period. ADVANCES IN PHYSIOLOGY EDUCATION 2024; 48:137-146. [PMID: 38153844 DOI: 10.1152/advan.00190.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
This study was a part of a longitudinal study investigating the relationships between medical student wellness, self-efficacy, and performance. Eighty-two eligible students were asked to complete online surveys during their second (M2) and third (M3) years. Performance outcomes included scores on various summative assessments during the M.D. program. Wellness survey results indicated that the sample of 38 M2 and 28 M3 students were overall well and self-efficacious, and they broadly maintained similar wellness characteristics across their medical education despite COVID-19 disruptions. Twenty-three students completed both surveys, and a paired analysis for this subgroup showed modest increases in stress and burnout in the M3 year. Notable correlations were observed between self-efficacy for academic work and a whole range of wellness variables for M2 students. M2 academic performance was modestly correlated to self-efficacy (rs = 0.38, P = 0.02, n = 38) and student burnout (rs = -0.34, P = 0.04, n = 38). In contrast, for the M3 students there was little correlation between wellness, clinical self-efficacy, and clinical performance, with the only significant relationships observed to be between overall clinical self-efficacy and the strength of social networks (rs = 0.41, P = 0.03, n = 28) and between scores for postencounter notes during Objective Structure Clinical Examinations (OSCEs) and self-efficacy in evidence-based medicine (rs = 0.44, P = 0.02, n = 28). In conclusion, 1) students remained generally well throughout the post-COVID period, and 2) self-efficacy for academic work is a good predictor of student wellness and performance during the preclerkship period but not during clinical training.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study followed a group of medical students through the "post-COVID" period to assess their wellness as they transitioned from basic sciences to clinical training. We found that their wellness and belief in their ability to succeed (self-efficacy) remained strong, showing their resiliency. We observed correlations between self-efficacy and their level of wellness and academic performance during basic science classes but not during clinical training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Ruiz
- Department of Medical Education, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, Florida, United States
| | - Phillip Kaminnik
- Department of Medical Education, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, Florida, United States
| | - Jonathan Kibble
- Department of Medical Education, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, Florida, United States
| | - Christine Kauffman
- Department of Medical Education, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, Florida, United States
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12
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Nebhinani N, Kuppili PP, Mamta. Feasibility and effectiveness of stress management skill training in medical students. Med J Armed Forces India 2024; 80:140-144. [PMID: 38525462 PMCID: PMC10954490 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2021.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is limited literature on stress management interventions targeting Indian medical undergraduates. With this background, the study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of stress management intervention on perceived stress, coping and burnout amongst first-year medical undergraduates. Methods It was a quasi-experimental study assessing the effect of "Comprehensive Stress Management Skill Training Program". This intervention emphasized on self-awareness of early warning signs of stress, adopting a healthy lifestyle, developing assertiveness at work, maintaining work-life balance. The stress reduction techniques mainly consisted of deep breathing exercises, progressive muscular relaxation and visualization. It was delivered by a team of a psychiatrist and a nurse to hundred first year medical undergraduate students. Medical Students Stressor Questionnaire, Brief COPE Questionnaire and Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey were applied for assessment of perceived stress, burn out, and coping, respectively, at baseline, finish of one and three months of intervention. Results Significant improvement was noted in academic stress, interpersonal-related stress, teaching learning-related stress, and total stress scores, emotional exhaustion, and emotion-focused coping at the end of the three months of intervention. Positive feedback about the intervention was given by majority of the students. Conclusion Stress management intervention was found to be feasible and effective in improving stress, coping, and emotional exhaustion in first year medical students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naresh Nebhinani
- Additional Professor (Psychiatry), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Pooja Patnaik Kuppili
- Senior Clinical Fellow, Black Country Healthcare Foundation NHS Trust, United Kingdom
| | - Mamta
- Lecturer, College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
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13
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Paez DC, Cortés-Corrales S, Jimenez-Mora MA, Gutiérrez A, Arango-Paternina CM, Duperly J. Health-related fitness in medical students: a curricular intervention in Bogota, Colombia. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:320. [PMID: 38287350 PMCID: PMC10826255 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17748-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of a curricular intervention to promote health-related fitness (HRF) among medical students in Bogota, Colombia. METHOD The study was conducted between May 2014 and December 2015 as part of the medical physiology course, in which 208 medical students were enrolled.The curricular intervention included two lectures on physical activity (PA) and student-led group presentations on the physiological effects of exercise on human physiology. An academic incentive (10% of final grade) was given to students who reported and documented regular PA practice during the semester. This study assessed students' HRF variables, perceptions of the curriculum intervention, and PA practices using quantitative and qualitative approaches. RESULTS 55% of the students were female, with a mean age of 19.5 years. Body fat, estimated maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max), handgrip, and sit-up strength showed statistically significant improvements at the end of the intervention. Students reported that PA practice was positively influenced by the curriculum intervention, particularly the academic incentive and the HRF tests. Students reported a wide variety of PA practices, which were mainly done with friends, classmates, or family members. Lack of time was the main reported barrier to PA practice. CONCLUSION The curricular intervention was effective in improving HRF and promoting PA. It remains to be investigated whether these gains are sustained over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana C Paez
- School of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | | | | | - Agustín Gutiérrez
- Department of Social Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carlos M Arango-Paternina
- Instituto Universitario de Educación Física y Deportes, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - John Duperly
- School of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
- Institute of Exercise Medicine and Rehabilitation, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
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14
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Anurat K, Thamyongkit S, Pakakasama S, Sumrithe S. Assessing the role of mentors in mitigating burnout and enhancing professional development in medical education. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL EDUCATION 2024; 15:1-7. [PMID: 38284420 PMCID: PMC11288619 DOI: 10.5116/ijme.659b.d08c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Objectives To assess the correlation between mentor behaviours and medical student burnout and their professional development within medical education. Methods A cross-sectional study using convenience sampling was conducted among third-, fifth-, and sixth-year medical students (N=307). Participants voluntarily completed anonymous online questionnaires measuring the Mentor Behavior Scale, the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey, and the Professional Self-Identity Questionnaire. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to analyse relationships between student burnout, mentor behaviours and their impact on professional development. Results Among participants, 26% (N=80) experienced burnout, which was significantly associated with lower competency support (OR = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.1-3.5, p = 0.016), medication use (OR = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.1-4.0, p = 0.029), and a lower Grade Point Average (OR = 3.3, 95% CI: 1.6-6.9, p = 0.001) compared to non-burnout students. In the development of professional identity, a high level of mentor relationship structure had statistically significant associations with higher scores in key domains of the Professional Self-Identity Questionnaire, including teamwork (OR = 3.9, 95% CI: 1.5-9.9, p < 0.01), communication (OR = 3.4, 95% CI: 1.5-7.7, p < 0.01), ethical awareness (OR = 3.3, 95% CI: 1.4-8.0, p < 0.01), and record use (OR = 2.8, 95% CI: 1.2-6.5, p < 0.05). Conclusions The impact of mentor behaviours on medical students is evident. Enhancing mentorship by addressing specific mentor behaviours can improve programme quality. Future research should explore the long-term effects and strategies for effectively implementing targeted enhancements in mentor behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kingthong Anurat
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand
| | - Sorawut Thamyongkit
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand
| | - Samart Pakakasama
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand
| | - Sutida Sumrithe
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand
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15
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Kosendiak AA, Adamczak BB, Kuźnik Z, Makles S. Impact of Medical School on the Relationship between Nutritional Knowledge and Sleep Quality-A Longitudinal Study of Students at Wroclaw Medical University in Poland. Nutrients 2024; 16:278. [PMID: 38257170 PMCID: PMC10819250 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the first year of medical school on the relationship between nutritional knowledge and sleep. To achieve this, first-year medical students at Wroclaw Medical University were invited to participate in the study during both the initial and final months of their first academic year. The study included 570 students in the initial period and 705 in the latter. The research questionnaire comprised the KomPAN, assessing nutritional knowledge, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), evaluating sleep quality. The majority of students demonstrated at least sufficient nutritional knowledge, while approximately two-thirds of students experienced poor sleep in both periods. Notably, sleep quality further deteriorated in the second period (PSQI total score: 6.86 vs. 7.38, p = 0.0157). This change was influenced mainly by a decrease in sleep duration and an increase in the use of sleep medications (both p < 0.0001). The significant difference in overall sleep quality between different nutritional knowledge levels emerged only in the second semester, where students with the highest nutritional knowledge slept the best, while those with the lowest slept the worst (p = 0.0001). Crucially, in both periods, the use of sleep medications was highest among individuals with insufficient nutritional knowledge. Throughout the academic year, the usage increased for all except those with the highest nutritional knowledge, who exhibited the best sleep (p < 0.0001). The escalating use of sleep medications among medical students warrants greater attention, and leveraging the relationship between nutritional knowledge and sleep could prove beneficial, as positive habits in one domain may positively influence the other.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bartosz Bogusz Adamczak
- Student Scientific Association, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-601 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Zofia Kuźnik
- Student Scientific Association, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-601 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Szymon Makles
- Student Scientific Association, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-601 Wroclaw, Poland
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16
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Abuorouq S, Al-Zubi M, Al-Ali AM, Aloqaily LH, Talafha MA, Migdadi AM, Serhan HA. The prevalence of probable overactive bladder and associated risk factors among medical students in Jordan: a cross-sectional study. BMC Urol 2024; 24:7. [PMID: 38172746 PMCID: PMC10765841 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-023-01394-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To discuss the impact of overactive bladder (OAB) on medical students. overactive bladder. is a chronic condition that causes sudden and intense urges to urinate, which can have significant physical and psychological effects on patients' lives. The prevalence of OAB among medical students is relatively high, with some studies reporting rates as high as 35.4%. This research aims to shed light on the prevalence rates and risk factors associated with OAB among medical students in Jordan. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online self-reported questionnaire as the study tool. The questionnaire collected the sociodemographic, health, and academic characteristics of medical students, as well as the new 7-item OABSS score. RESULTS Out of the total sample of medical students surveyed (n = 525), 44.5% reported experiencing symptoms of OAB. Furthermore, the analysis also revealed that there was a significant difference in the prevalence of OAB between the ages of medical students. In addition, the study also found that there was a significant association between OAB symptoms and basic years, positive history of diagnostic UTI, positive history of recent trauma, high stress, and taking certain medications. CONCLUSIONS The study highlights the need for further research in this area and emphasizes the possible implications of OAB for medical students, including the need for additional support and resources to manage the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh Abuorouq
- Department of Clinical Medical Sciences, Urology Division, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Al-Zubi
- Department of Clinical Medical Sciences, Urology Division, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | | | | | | | | | - Hashem Abu Serhan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hamad Medical Corporations, Doha, Qatar.
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Perry R, Sciolla A, Rea M, Sandholdt C, Jandrey K, Rice E, Yu A, Griffin E, Wilkes M. Modeling the social determinants of resilience in health professions students: impact on psychological adjustment. ADVANCES IN HEALTH SCIENCES EDUCATION : THEORY AND PRACTICE 2023; 28:1661-1677. [PMID: 37193860 PMCID: PMC10187518 DOI: 10.1007/s10459-023-10222-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Stressors inherent to training and stemming from the learning environment are associated with high rates of burnout, depression, and mental health problems in health professions students (HPS). There is evidence that disadvantaged or stigmatized groups are particularly affected. These problems not only impact students after graduation but may also have detrimental effects on patient outcomes. Resilience, conceptualized as the process of adapting well in the face of adversity, has inspired an increasing number of interventions aimed at addressing those problems in HPS. These interventions have mostly targeted individual students and their psychological traits while ignoring social and structural factors that may enhance or undermine individual resilience. To address this gap in the literature, the authors reviewed the evidence for psychosocial determinants of resilience and proposed a model inspired by the social determinants of health literature and the "upstream-downstream" metaphor. In this theoretical paper, the authors propose that upstream determinants such adverse childhood experiences and socioeconomic and sociodemographic markers of disadvantage have a direct effect on psychological adjustment and an indirect effect mediated by resilience. Additionally, the authors propose that the institutional downstream drivers of learning environment, social support, and sense of belonging moderate the direct and indirect effects of the upstream determinants on psychological adjustment. Future research should test these hypotheses and gather evidence that may guide the development of interventions. The authors present their model as part of a comprehensive response to recent calls to action to address diversity, equity and inclusion in health professions education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross Perry
- School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Andres Sciolla
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Margaret Rea
- School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Cara Sandholdt
- Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Karl Jandrey
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis , Davis, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Rice
- Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Allison Yu
- School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Erin Griffin
- Washington State University, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Michael Wilkes
- School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA.
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18
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Susanu MF, Pop RM. Sleep Patterns and Influencing Factors in Romanian Medical Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Two-Wave Ecological Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e51187. [PMID: 38283431 PMCID: PMC10817762 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sleep quality among students is variable with sleep disturbances being common worldwide. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic led to major changes, including in the educational system. In this study, we aimed to analyze sleep patterns and screen time of medical students, and the effect of COVID-19. Material and methods We conducted a two-wave questionnaire-based ecological study on Romanian medical students from Târgu Mureș. For data collection, a 43-item questionnaire, structured into six categories, was designed and distributed through social networks and official online teaching platforms. Results Out of 751 answers from both waves, it was seen that most of the responders were female (76.23%, n=571) and in their preclinic years of study (61.33%, n=460). There was a statistically significant association between the form of education and students' general sleep quality (p=0.0010, OR=1.670, 95%CI: 1.228-2.271), their study time (5.5 hours, IQR: 4-7.5 versus five hours, IQR: 2.5-5, p<0.001) and their sleep disturbances (p=0.0008, OR=0.5859, 95%CI: 0.4284-0.8011). Also, there was a statistically significant association between the year of study and their study time (five hours, IQR: 4-7 versus four hours, IQR: 3-6, p<0.001) and their sleep satisfaction (p=0.0027, OR=0.6360, 95%CI: 0.4729-0.8554). Conclusions Students reported better general sleep quality, less trouble sleeping, and less study while studying online full-time. Also, students in clinical years tended to study less and be more satisfied with their sleep compared to students in preclinical years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Flavia Susanu
- Research Methodology Department, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Târgu Mureș, ROU
- Endocrinology Department, Mures County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Târgu Mureș, ROU
| | - Raluca-Monica Pop
- Endocrinology Department, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Târgu Mureș, ROU
- Endocrinology Department, Mures County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Târgu Mureș, ROU
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Wang Z, Zheng B. Achievement Emotions of Medical Students: Do They Predict Self-regulated Learning and Burnout in an Online Learning Environment? MEDICAL EDUCATION ONLINE 2023; 28:2226888. [PMID: 38010525 PMCID: PMC10294759 DOI: 10.1080/10872981.2023.2226888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Achievement emotions have been proven as important indicators of students' academic performance in traditional classrooms and beyond. In the online learning contexts, previous studies have indicated that achievement emotions would affect students' adoption of self-regulated learning strategies and further predict their learning outcomes. However, the pathway regarding how different positive and negative achievement emotions might affect students' burnout through self-regulated learning among medical students in online learning environments remains unclear. In this study, the aim is to investigate how achievement emotions and self-regulated learning predict burnout among medical students in online education. METHODS This study involved 282 medical students who had attended online courses due to the sudden shift of learning mode caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in 2022. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to examine the hypothesized factor structure, and structural equation modelling was conducted to test the hypothesized relationships among factors. RESULTS The results of structural equation modelling revealed that medical students' self-efficacy positively predicted their enjoyment (β = .57) and online self-regulated learning (β = .54). Learning-related boredom inhibited students' adoption of online self-regulated learning strategies (β = -.24), and it was positively associated with their burnout (β = .54). Learning-related anxiety was a positive predictor of online self-regulated learning (β = .38). DISCUSSIONS The results of this study suggest that achievement emotions experienced by medical students had a significant impact on their online self-regulated learning and burnout. Specifically, the experience of learning-related boredom was detrimental to the adoption of self-regulated learning strategies and increased the likelihood of burnout. However, learning-related anxiety, despite being a negative achievement emotion, was positively associated with students' online self-regulated learning. These findings have important implications for online teaching and learning, particularly in the post-pandemic era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilu Wang
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, HKSAR, China
| | - Binbin Zheng
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, HKSAR, China
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20
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Ye X, Li Y, Liu Y, Zheng Q, Lin Z, Zeng Y, Lin Z, Zhu T, Chen X, Chen L, Liu T. Effect of fear of missing out on learning burnout in medical students: a moderated mediation. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1289906. [PMID: 38045622 PMCID: PMC10690946 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1289906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Learning burnout has a significant negative impact on students' academic performance and professional development, which has been exacerbated by the growing trend of problematic smartphone use, such as smartphone addiction, among young people. Recently, the literature on excessive social media use has revealed a critical role of fear of missing out. Objective The purpose of this study was to examine how fear of missing out affects smartphone addiction and its subsequent effect on learning burnout in college students. Methods In Study 1, 352 medical students were recruited to complete a cross-sectional survey. In Study 2, 2,948 college students were recruited to complete a cross-sectional survey. Further in Study 3, 30 medical students were recruited into a mindfulness-based intervention program. Results Study 1 preliminarily confirmed that fear of missing out was positively correlated with learning burnout. Study 2 then revealed a moderated mediation model showing that fear of missing out may increase smartphone addiction, which in turn affects their sleep quality and finally leads to learning burnout. This chain mediation model was moderated by the participants' level of mindfulness. To confirm the promoting role of mindfulness, Study 3 further confirmed that mindfulness training indeed can improve smartphone addiction and reduce learning burnout in medical students. Discussion Theoretical and practical contributions were discussed, highlighting the effects of fear of missing out on smartphone addiction and a moderating role of mindfulness training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ye
- School of Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yang Li
- Mental Health Education Center, Huizhou Health Sciences Polytechnic, Huizhou, China
- Department of Educational Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qiuyue Zheng
- School of Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhongli Lin
- School of Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yinhua Zeng
- Guidance Center for Mental Health of Students, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ziyue Lin
- Guidance Center for Mental Health of Students, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tan Zhu
- School of Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiayan Chen
- School of Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Liangliang Chen
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Fujian Children's Hospital (Fujian Branch of Shanghai Children's Medical Center), Fuzhou, China
| | - Tao Liu
- School of Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- School of Management, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- School of Management, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Steinberg E, Marsch S, Yanagida T, Dörrenbächer-Ulrich L, Pfeiffer C, Bührle P, Schwarz L, Auer U, Kleinsorgen C, Perels F. Development and validation of the Workplace Learning Inventory in Health Sciences Education: a multimethod study. ADVANCES IN HEALTH SCIENCES EDUCATION : THEORY AND PRACTICE 2023:10.1007/s10459-023-10295-y. [PMID: 37938501 DOI: 10.1007/s10459-023-10295-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Health sciences students face many challenges in regard to clinical practical learning. A better understanding of student learning is required to address student needs in this crucial phase. The theory of self-regulated learning provides a comprehensive view of learning and could serve as a basis for further research. There are instruments to assess self-regulated learning in preclinical academic learning. However, there are no such instruments for workplace learning. The aim of the present study is to provide a comprehensive inventory from which researchers can select those scales that are relevant to their research questions in the investigation of workplace learning. Hence, the aim is to develop and validate a set of scales to assess undergraduates' workplace learning in health sciences education in four areas (cognition, motivation, emotion, and context) on two levels (the learning process level and the metalevel). Study 1 is a qualitative multimethod study to identify indicators and develop items. It integrates the perspectives of students, teachers, and researchers and includes six steps: literature review, interviews, synthesis, item development, expert review, and cognitive pretesting. This study yields a set of scales for each area on both levels. Study 2 is a quantitative study to assess the psychometric properties. The results show acceptable values in terms of unidimensionality, reliability and validity for each of the 31 scales. The newly developed Workplace Learning Inventory is comprehensive; the scales are relevant to workplace learning and short enough that their administration is feasible in the workplace setting. The rigorous process of questionnaire development contributes to the validity of scales. By providing the Workplace Learning Inventory, we hope to encourage research on workplace learning in health sciences education from an educational psychology perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Steinberg
- Vice-Rectorate for Study Affairs and Clinical Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Stephan Marsch
- Vice-Rectorate for Study Affairs and Clinical Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Takuya Yanagida
- Vice-Rectorate for Study Affairs and Clinical Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Christopher Pfeiffer
- Vice-Rectorate for Study Affairs and Clinical Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Bührle
- Vice-Rectorate for Study Affairs and Clinical Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Schwarz
- Clinic for Swine, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ulrike Auer
- University Hospital for Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christin Kleinsorgen
- Centre for E-Learning, Didactics and Educational Research, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Franziska Perels
- Department of Educational Science, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
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Kourea L, Papanastasiou EC, Diaconescu LV, Popa-Velea O. Academic burnout in psychology and health-allied sciences: the BENDiT-EU program for students and staff in higher education. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1239001. [PMID: 37901078 PMCID: PMC10613055 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1239001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Studying at university involves demanding academic and clinical training requirements for students from Psychology and other health-allied fields, potentially having severe physical and mental health implications. Existing training programs for addressing burnout have focused thus far on specific areas (e.g., stress management, physical exercise, mindfulness meditation, etc.) with promising outcomes. However, no comprehensive programs have been developed to train students and staff in the early identification of burnout signs and characteristics as well as in self-assessing personal needs and habits (i.e., primary prevention), or in identifying community resources and evidence-based strategies to overcome burnout (i.e., secondary prevention). This paper describes the content development, refinement, and piloting process of the BENDiT-EU program as part of a European collaborative to address academic burnout for health-allied students. Piloting results showed that participants viewed the program positively and provided helpful suggestions for content improvement and training delivery. Future research directions should target experimental investigations of the program's effectiveness and the longitudinal interaction of burnout with other variables (e.g., resilience).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lefki Kourea
- Department of Education, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | | - Liliana Veronica Diaconescu
- Department of Medical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Popa-Velea
- Department of Medical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Bucharest, Romania
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23
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Gómez-Urquiza JL, Velando-Soriano A, Membrive-Jiménez MJ, Ramírez-Baena L, Aguayo-Estremera R, Ortega-Campos E, Cañadas-De la Fuente GA. Prevalence and levels of burnout in nursing students: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Nurse Educ Pract 2023; 72:103753. [PMID: 37651959 DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2023.103753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to analyze burnout levels and prevalence in nursing students and to estimate prevalence levels with meta-analyses. BACKGROUND Nurses are one of the healthcare professionals most affect by burnout, but nursing students, during their studies, can also suffer burnout. DESIGN a systematic review with meta-analysis was performed. METHODS The search equation used in Pubmed, CINAHL and Scopus databases was "burnout AND nursing students". Quantitative primary studies including information about burnout, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, or personal accomplishment in nursing students were included. Four meta-analysis were performed. RESULTS the sample was of n = 34 studies, with n = 15 studies being included in the meta-analysis with n = 2744 nursing students. Burnout prevalence was 19% (95% CI 11-28%). Regarding burnout dimensions, the most affected was high emotional exhaustion with a prevalence of 41%(95% CI 23-61%; n = 2222) followed by 27% low personal accomplishment(95% CI 9-49%; n = 2096), 25% high depersonalization (95% CI 15-36%; n = 2096). CONCLUSIONS Prevalence of burnout and its dimensions vary from 19% to 41%, being emotional exhaustion the main problem in nursing students. This problem may affect their future as nursing professionals, and it would be of important to prevent and to treat burnout at university levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- José L Gómez-Urquiza
- Ceuta Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Cortadura del Valle s/n, 51001 Ceuta, Spain.
| | | | | | - Lucia Ramírez-Baena
- Regional Hospital Santa Ana of Motril, Granada South Management Area, Andalusian Health Service, Motril, Granada 18600, Spain.
| | - Raimundo Aguayo-Estremera
- Department of Psychobiology and Methodology in Behavioral Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Campus de Somosaguas, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain.
| | | | - Guillermo A Cañadas-De la Fuente
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain / Brain, Mind and Behaviour Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain.
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Cajachagua Castro M, Miranda Limachi K, Chávez Sosa JV, Huancahuire-Vega S. Concern About Returning to Face-to-Face Classes After the Pandemic: Importance of Emotional Intelligence and Stress Coping Strategies in Health Science Students. ADVANCES IN MEDICAL EDUCATION AND PRACTICE 2023; 14:937-945. [PMID: 37693301 PMCID: PMC10491484 DOI: 10.2147/amep.s415187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has brought a new normality, a scenario where different circumstances trigger emotions such as concern about returning to face-to-face classes, to which higher education students adapt. The objective was to identify how emotional intelligence and coping with stress explain students' concern about returning to face-to-face classes post COVID-19. Methods This was an explanatory and cross-sectional study. The sample by intention was 588 students from the Faculty of Health Sciences. The Rotterdam Emotional Intelligence Scale (REIS), the Stress Coping Questionnaire (CAE), and the ACAD-COVID-19 scale were used. For data collection, the instruments were digitized. Bivariate analysis with Chi-square and multivariate logistic regression was performed. Results The mean age of the participants was 19.72 years; most were single and without children (96.9% and 96.8%, respectively). 74.3% did not work, 80.8% were from the first years of study, and 52.7% belonged to nursing school. About 94.2% of participants indicated having adequate emotional intelligence, 91.3% expressed coping with adequate stress, and 67.2% indicated serious concern about returning to face-to-face classes. An association was found between gender (p=0.042), age (p=0.002), year of study (p=0.027), emotional intelligence (p=0.001), and coping with stress (p=0.001) with concern for return to face-to-face classes. Emotional intelligence identified as adequate (OR: 2.580; IC95%: 1.117-5.960) and coping with stress identified as adequate (OR: 2.008; IC95%: 1.018-3.960) are more likely to express serious concern about the return to face-to-face classes after the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion According to the results, the need to safeguard the psychological aspects of students is highlighted, especially emotional intelligence, as well as to improve coping with stress so that they can better manage concerns about returning to face-to-face classes. The educational authorities should implement strategies to improve these aspects in order to ensure the adequate return to face-to-face classes in new scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Keila Miranda Limachi
- Nursing Department, School of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana Unión (UPeU), Lima, Peru
| | - Janett V Chávez Sosa
- Nursing Department, School of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana Unión (UPeU), Lima, Peru
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Kamble P, Daulatabad VS, Tandra H, Singhal A, U M, John NA. Yoganidra to Alleviate Anxiety: An Interventional Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e45083. [PMID: 37842496 PMCID: PMC10568654 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Anxiety and stress are challenging conditions that result in perturbation of the body's homeostasis. It disturbs one's physical and mental state of equilibrium. There are many ways to overcome anxiety and stress, however, the best among many remedies is yoganidra, as it achieves optimum functioning of not only our body but also our mind. Hence, the present study was planned to evaluate the impact of yoganidra practice on the anxiety levels of undergraduate students. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate physiological parameters like pulse rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rate, measure anxiety levels by the general anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7) inventory and Beck's anxiety questionnaire, conduct yoganidra sessions for all the students, and compare the effects of these training sessions on physiological parameters and anxiety scales. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study was carried out in the department of physiology, R.V.M. Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Siddipet, and conducted on 125 students from first to final Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery who participated voluntarily and actively after satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. All the members were assessed for physiological cardio-respiratory parameters followed by the GAD-7 scale and Beck's anxiety questionnaire pre- and post-yoganidra sessions. RESULTS There was a significant difference in blood pressure before and after the session, whereas the pulse rate and respiratory rate reduction after the session were highly significant. There was a highly significant reduction in GAD-7 anxiety score, from 12±3.41 to 5.80±2.56 (p<0.0001); while for Beck's score, there was a highly significant reduction in anxiety score of 20.83±0.73 after giving yoganidra training as opposed to the earlier score of 23.75±1.86 (p<0.0001). CONCLUSION Yoganidra provides ways to manage stress and anxiety and enhance mental wellness. It is supported by research evidence as a safe and effective method to reduce anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prafull Kamble
- Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, IND
| | - Vandana S Daulatabad
- Physiology, R.V.M. Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Siddipet, IND
| | - Himaja Tandra
- Physiology, R.V.M. Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Siddipet, IND
| | - Anish Singhal
- Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, IND
| | - Madhusudhan U
- Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, IND
| | - Nitin A John
- Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, IND
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Nielsen C, Katz S, Parker M, Trefsgar J, Bcharah H, Kalin J, Delavary D, Brunk-Grady M, Jaqua B. A student-driven mindfulness curriculum for first-year osteopathic medical students: a pilot study. J Osteopath Med 2023; 123:485-492. [PMID: 37435694 DOI: 10.1515/jom-2022-0246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Medical education is stressful and can adversely affect the health and well-being of students. Although mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have been successfully utilized in other settings, little is known about the use of student-led interventions in undergraduate medical education. OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study are to assess student satisfaction with four student-selected and student-led mindfulness activities incorporated into mandatory small-group sessions, the immediate impact of these activities on student stress levels, and student use of these activities outside the mindfulness sessions. METHODS First-year osteopathic medical students voluntarily participated in weekly student-selected and student-led mindfulness activities once a week for 8 consecutive weeks during regularly scheduled class time. Activities included yoga postures, the 4-7-8 breathing technique, progressive muscle relaxation (PMR), and values affirmation. Each activity was completed twice during the 8 weeks. After each session, students could anonymously complete an electronic survey assessing participation, change in stress level, satisfaction with the activity, and mindfulness activities practiced outside the session. Survey questions included dichotomous, Likert-like, and multiple-choice responses. A chi-square test was utilized to analyze student responses from each week about the decrease in stress level, and satisfaction with the mindfulness activity, and student use of the activities outside the classroom. Wilcoxon rank sum tests were utilized to determine associations between outcomes, and a logistic regression model was utilized to determine relationships between the change in stress levels and other outcomes. RESULTS Of the 154 first-year medical students initially enrolled in the 2021-2022 academic year, 14 (9.1 %) to 94 (61.0 %) actively participated in the weekly mindfulness activities. Students indicated that the 4-7-8 breathing technique was the activity most practiced outside the mindfulness sessions (32.3 %, 43/133 total responses) across all weeks. The mindfulness activity with the highest percentage of reported decrease in stress level was the yoga postures in week 5 (94.8 %, 36/38), and both weeks of the yoga activities had the highest reported student satisfaction (95.7 %, 90/94 for week 1; 92.1 %, 35/38 for week 5). For students who answered the change in stress level question, the stress level decrease was related to participation in the weekly activity for weeks 1 through 7 (all p<0.03). For students who participated in mindfulness sessions, the odds of reporting a reduction in the stress level were 16.6 times (95 % CI, 6.8-47.2; p<0.001) that of students who did not participate. For those satisfied with the activities, the odds of reporting a reduction in stress level were 6.7 (95 % CI, 3.3-13.9; p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Results suggested that the student-selected and student-led mindfulness activities may successfully reduce medical student stress in students who actively participate. However, additional research is needed to determine how to optimize mindfulness curricula implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Nielsen
- A.T. Still University, School of Osteopathic Medicine in Arizona, Mesa, AZ, USA
| | - Sabrina Katz
- A.T. Still University, School of Osteopathic Medicine in Arizona, Mesa, AZ, USA
| | - Meriah Parker
- A.T. Still University, School of Osteopathic Medicine in Arizona, Mesa, AZ, USA
| | - Janelle Trefsgar
- A.T. Still University, School of Osteopathic Medicine in Arizona, Mesa, AZ, USA
| | - Hend Bcharah
- A.T. Still University, School of Osteopathic Medicine in Arizona, Mesa, AZ, USA
| | - Jacob Kalin
- A.T. Still University, School of Osteopathic Medicine in Arizona, Mesa, AZ, USA
| | - Desiree Delavary
- A.T. Still University, School of Osteopathic Medicine in Arizona, Mesa, AZ, USA
| | - Mark Brunk-Grady
- Department of Research Support, A.T. Still University, Kirksville, MO, USA
| | - Breanne Jaqua
- A.T. Still University, School of Osteopathic Medicine in Arizona, Mesa, AZ, USA
- Clinical Education Department, A.T. Still University School of Osteopathic Medicine in Arizona, Mesa, AZ, USA
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Thornby KA, Brazeau GA, Chen AMH. Reducing Student Workload Through Curricular Efficiency. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL EDUCATION 2023; 87:100015. [PMID: 37597906 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpe.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This integrative review will examine the current literature assessing student workload, outcomes of increased workload and cognitive load, and approaches to evaluate and reduce student workload. Recommendations to better inform curriculum planning efforts will be presented along with a call to action to address the dilemma of student workload and curricular efficiency efforts. FINDINGS Literature supports that perceptions of heavy workload can influence students' approach to learning and lead to the adoption of surface learning rather than a deep approach that involves higher-order processing and critical thinking. Additionally, ongoing evidence suggests that workload expansion affects student well-being and potential burnout in professional programs, and specifically that students perceive workload as directly related to their well-being and satisfaction. Intentional planning by faculty and programs can address this issue through streamlining classroom content, reducing lecture time, and modifying preclass work to allow for efficient learning. Even if the curriculum is lecture-based, workload perceptions can be affected by developing clearer guidance to set expectations for learners, intentionality in classroom design, and creating opportunities for student engagement. SUMMARY Cognitive overload is multifactorial and complicated, given the increased standards of professional education accreditation and licensure requirements. As the Academy deliberately considers methods to improve curricular efficiency, there is an opportunity to focus on curriculum delivery with an appropriate balance of breadth and depth of instruction to ensure effective assessment and cognitive load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisy-Ann Thornby
- Palm Beach Atlantic University, Lloyd L. Gregory School of Pharmacy, West Palm Beach, FL, USA.
| | - Gayle A Brazeau
- Marshall University, School of Pharmacy, Huntington, WV, USA; Editor, American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, Arlington, VA, USA
| | - Aleda M H Chen
- Cedarville University, School of Pharmacy, Cedarville, OH, USA
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28
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Ogawa A, Barnett TD, Barnett CH, Friedman SM. Experiences in Lifestyle Medicine: A Medical School Elective. Am J Lifestyle Med 2023; 17:485-489. [PMID: 37426741 PMCID: PMC10328211 DOI: 10.1177/15598276221119161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Allison Ogawa
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, NY, USA (AO, SMF); and Rochester Lifestyle Medicine Institute, Rochester, NY, USA (TDB, CHB, SMF)
| | - Ted D. Barnett
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, NY, USA (AO, SMF); and Rochester Lifestyle Medicine Institute, Rochester, NY, USA (TDB, CHB, SMF)
| | - Carol Hee Barnett
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, NY, USA (AO, SMF); and Rochester Lifestyle Medicine Institute, Rochester, NY, USA (TDB, CHB, SMF)
| | - Susan M. Friedman
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, NY, USA (AO, SMF); and Rochester Lifestyle Medicine Institute, Rochester, NY, USA (TDB, CHB, SMF)
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Ibrahim T, Gebril A, Nasr MK, Samad A, Zaki HA. Exploring the Mental Health Challenges of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Professionals: A Comprehensive Review and Meta-Analysis. Cureus 2023; 15:e41447. [PMID: 37546034 PMCID: PMC10403998 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.41447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Burnout and depression are global problems affecting healthcare providers, especially those working in stressful departments such as emergency departments (EDs) and critical care units (CCUs). However, pooled data analysis comparing healthcare providers operating in the ED and CCU is yet to be conducted. Therefore, this meta-analysis was systematically conducted to investigate and compare the prevalence of burnout and depression among emergency medicine (EM) and critical care medicine (CCM) professionals. We systematically searched for articles related to our research topic using the database search method and manual search method, which involved reviewing the reference lists of articles from electronic databases for additional studies. After screening the literature from the databases using the eligibility criteria, a quality appraisal using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale was performed on the eligible studies. In addition, a meta-analysis using the Review Manager software was performed to investigate the prevalence rates of burnout and depression. A total of 10 studies with 1,353 EM and 1,250 CCM professionals were included for analysis in the present study. The pooled analysis did not establish any considerable differences between EM and CCM healthcare workers on the prevalence of high emotional exhaustion (EE) (odds ratio (OR) = 1.01; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.46-2.19; p = 0.98), high depersonalization (OR = 1.16; 95% CI = 0.61-2.21; p = 0.64), low personal accomplishment (PA) (OR = 0.87; 95% CI = 0.67 - 1.12; p = 0.28), and depression (OR = 1.20; 95% CI = 0.74-1.95; p = 0.45). Moreover, pooled data showed no considerable differences in EE scores (mean difference (MD) = -1.07; 95% CI = -4.24-2.09; p = 0.51) and depersonalization scores (MD = -0.31; 95% CI = -1.35-0.73; p = 0.56). However, EM healthcare workers seemed to have considerably lower PA scores than their CCM counterparts (MD = 0.12; 95% CI = 0.08-0.16; p < 0.00001). No considerable difference was recorded in the prevalence of burnout and depression between EM and CCM healthcare workers. However, our findings suggest that EM professionals have lower PA scores than CCM professionals; therefore, more attention should be paid to the mental health of EM professionals to improve their PA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amr Gebril
- Emergency Medicine, NMC Royal Hospital, Khalifa City, ARE
| | - Mohammed K Nasr
- Emergency Medicine, Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Hospital, Dubai, ARE
| | - Abdul Samad
- Acute Medicine/Emergency, NMC Royal Hospital, Khalifa City, ARE
| | - Hany A Zaki
- Emergency Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QAT
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30
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Wallace MM. Strategies for Improving Mental Health in Physician Assistant Students. J Physician Assist Educ 2023; 34:157-159. [PMID: 37133898 DOI: 10.1097/jpa.0000000000000507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle M Wallace
- Michelle M. Wallace, DMSc, PA-C, is a clinical professor and Director of Didactic Education in the Physician Associate Program, Wichita State University, Wichita, Kansas
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Liu Z, Xie Y, Sun Z, Liu D, Yin H, Shi L. Factors associated with academic burnout and its prevalence among university students: a cross-sectional study. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2023; 23:317. [PMID: 37149602 PMCID: PMC10163855 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-023-04316-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the current state of academic burnout among Chinese college students and its influencing factors. METHODS A cross-sectional study of 22,983 students was conducted using structured questionnaires and the Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey on sociodemographic characteristics, educational process, and personal aspects. Multiple variables were statistically evaluated using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The total score of the students' academic burnout was 40.73 (± 10.12) points. The scores for the reduced personal accomplishment, emotional exhaustion, and cynicism were 23.63 (± 6.55), 11.20 (± 6.05), and 5.91 (± 5.31), respectively. Students with academic burnout accounted for 59.9% (13,753/22,983). Male students had higher burnout scores than female students, upper-grade students had higher burnout scores than lower-grade students, and students who smoked had higher burnout than non-smokers during the school day. CONCLUSIONS More than half of students experienced academic burnout. Gender, grade, monthly living expenses, smoking, parents' education level, study and life pressures, and the current degree of professional knowledge interest significantly impacted academic burnout. An effective wellness program and an annual long-term burnout assessment may sufficiently reduce student burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Liu
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China
| | - Yujin Xie
- Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuhong Sun
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Di Liu
- School of Marxism, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Hang Yin
- Department of Human Resources, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Lei Shi
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Medisauskaite A, Silkens MEWM, Rich A. A national longitudinal cohort study of factors contributing to UK medical students' mental ill-health symptoms. Gen Psychiatr 2023; 36:e101004. [PMID: 37304054 PMCID: PMC10254595 DOI: 10.1136/gpsych-2022-101004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The mental health of current medical students is predictive of their mental health as future doctors. The prevalence of anxiety, depression and burnout is high among medical students, but less is known about the occurrence of other mental ill-health symptoms, such as eating or personality disorders, and factors contributing to mental ill-health. Aims (1) To explore the prevalence of various mental ill-health symptoms in medical students and (2) to investigate what medical school factors and students' attitudes contribute to these mental ill-health symptoms. Methods Between November 2020 and May 2021, medical students from nine geographically spread medical schools in the UK participated by completing online questionnaires at two points in time, approximately 3 months apart. Results Of the 792 participants who filled in the questionnaire at baseline, over half experienced medium to high somatic symptoms (50.8%; 402) and drank alcohol at hazardous levels (62.4%; 494). Adjusted longitudinal data analysis of 407 students who completed the follow-up questionnaire demonstrated that less supportive educational climates that were more competitive and less centralised around the students, lower feelings of belongingness, greater stigma towards mental ill-health and lower intentions to seek help for mental ill-health, all contributed to students' mental ill-health symptoms. Conclusions Medical students experience a high prevalence of various mental ill-health symptoms. This study suggests that medical school factors and students' attitudes towards mental ill-health are significantly associated with students' mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Milou E W M Silkens
- Department of Health Services Research and Management, City University of London, London, UK
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Neck and Upper Extremity Musculoskeletal Symptoms Secondary to Maladaptive Postures Caused by Cell Phones and Backpacks in School-Aged Children and Adolescents. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11060819. [PMID: 36981476 PMCID: PMC10048647 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11060819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Technology is an essential part of our lives. Nowadays, it is almost impossible to leave the house without a cell phone. Despite the wide range of benefits of cell phones and handheld electronic devices, this evolution of technology has not come without a price. The pandemic of cell phone use among children and young adolescents has led to the emergence of a set of musculoskeletal (MSK) symptoms that have not been seen before in this age group. These symptoms can range from neck and shoulder discomfort to pain, peripheral neurological symptoms of the upper extremity, and long-term complications such as disk prolapse and degenerative disk disease of the cervical spine. This clinical presentation is known as “text neck syndrome.” In addition to MSK symptoms, text neck syndrome could also include eye and ear symptoms, psychological problems, peripheral neurological symptoms, and poor academic performance. Multiple mechanisms have been discussed by which cell phone use causes MSK symptoms. Maladaptive postures, a decrease in physical activity leading to obesity, and the direct effect of electromagnetic radiation are some of the mechanisms by which long-term use of cell phones leads to the clinical presentation of text neck syndrome and its long-term consequences. The purpose of this article is to review the literature, discuss the epidemiology of cell phone use and MSK symptoms associated with its use in children and adolescents, describe its clinical presentation, explain the pathophysiology behind it, and provide preventative guidelines that can be used by this age group to allow for the continued use of these electronics without harmful effects on their posture and long-term health.
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Andrade D, Ribeiro IJS, Prémusz V, Maté O. Academic Burnout, Family Functionality, Perceived Social Support and Coping among Graduate Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4832. [PMID: 36981741 PMCID: PMC10049259 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20064832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Academic burnout and the COVID-19 pandemic have greatly impacted the academic life and mental health of graduate students. This study aims to address the mental health issue in graduate students by relating it to family functionality, perceived social support, and coping with academic burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were gathered from a cross-sectional study with 519 graduate students across universities in Hungary and other European countries. The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory Student, Family APGAR Index, the brief form of the Perceived Social Support Questionnaire, and the Brief Resilient Coping Scale were used to measure academic burnout, family functionality, perceived social support, and coping, respectively. Structural equations modeling was used for statistical analysis. The results revealed a negative effect of family functionality, perceived social support, and coping on academic burnout. The inverse relationship between perceived social support and the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory was identified, and mediated by coping and family functionality. These findings may offer patterns and predictors for future graduate students and higher-education institutions to identify outside factors that are implicated in academic burnout, especially in outbreaks such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Andrade
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, 7621 Pécs, Hungary
| | | | - Viktória Prémusz
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, 7621 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Maté
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, 7621 Pécs, Hungary
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Ardenghi S, Russo S, Bani M, Rampoldi G, Strepparava MG. Supporting students with empathy: the association between empathy and coping strategies in pre-clinical medical students. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-023-04397-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
AbstractHow medical students cope with stress predicts their mental health and academic/clinical performances, making the promotion of functional copy strategies a relevant outcome for medical educators. Empathy has been reported to be connected with coping. This study wanted to explore the most used coping strategies and whether gender differences existed, and to investigate whether and to what extent empathy affected coping in a sample of pre-clinical medical students. In a cross-sectional study design, the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) and the Coping Orientations to the Problems Experienced - New Italian Version (COPE-NIV) were administered to 398 (53% females) Italian second-year medical students. T-tests and multiple regression analyses were used to explore gender differences and the association between IRI and COPE-NIV scores, respectively. Problem Orientation obtained the highest mean score, whereas Avoidance the lowest one. Females outscored males on Social Support (t = 4.95, p < .001) and Transcendent Orientation (t = 4.04, p < .001). After controlling for gender, Empathic Concern was positively associated with Social Support (β = 0.223, p = .001) and Transcendent Orientation (β = 0.234, p = .001). Perspective Taking was positively and negatively associated with Positive Attitude (β = 0.248, p < .001) and Transcendent Orientation (β = − 0.180, p = .008), respectively. Personal Distress was negatively related to Problem Orientation (β = − 0.250, p < .001). Educational and psychological counselling interventions targeting empathy should be implemented in the pre-clinical years to equip medical students to cope functionally with the emotional distress linked to medical school.
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Ditton E, Knott B, Hodyl N, Horton G, Oldmeadow C, Walker FR, Nilsson M. Evaluation of an App-Delivered Psychological Flexibility Skill Training Intervention for Medical Student Burnout and Well-being: Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Ment Health 2023; 10:e42566. [PMID: 36745486 PMCID: PMC9941904 DOI: 10.2196/42566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physician burnout is a common problem, with onset frequently occurring during undergraduate education. Early intervention strategies that train medical students in psychological flexibility skills could support well-being and mitigate burnout risks associated with unmodifiable career stressors. There is a need for randomized controlled trials to assess effectiveness. As psychological flexibility varies contextually and among individuals, tailoring interventions may improve outcomes. Smartphone apps can facilitate individualization and accessibility, and the evaluation of this approach is an identified research priority. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a stand-alone app-delivered Acceptance and Commitment Training intervention for improving medical students' self-reported burnout, well-being, psychological flexibility, and psychological distress outcomes. We aimed to explore whether an individualized app would demonstrate benefits over a nonindividualized version. METHODS This parallel randomized controlled trial was conducted with a sample of medical students from 2 Australian universities (N=143). Participants were randomly allocated to 1 of 3 intervention arms (individualized, nonindividualized, and waitlist) using a 1:1:1 allocation ratio. Individualized and nonindividualized participants were blinded to group allocation. The 5-week intervention included an introductory module (stage 1) and on-demand access to short skill training activities (stage 2), which students accessed at their own pace. Stage 2 was either nonindividualized or individualized to meet students' identified psychological flexibility training needs. RESULTS The mean differences in change from baseline between the intervention groups and the waitlist group were not statistically significant for burnout outcomes: exhaustion (primary; individualized: -0.52, 95% CI -3.70 to 2.65, P=.75; nonindividualized: 1.60, 95% CI -1.84 to 5.03, P=.37), cynicism (individualized: -1.26, 95% CI -4.46 to 1.94, P=.44; nonindividualized: 1.00, 95% CI -2.45 to 4.46, P=.57), and academic efficacy (individualized: 0.94, 95% CI -0.90 to 2.79, P=.32; nonindividualized: 2.02, 95% CI 0.02-4.03, P=.05). Following the intervention, the individualized group demonstrated improved psychological flexibility (0.50, 95% CI 0.12-0.89; P=.01), reduced inflexibility (0.48, 95% CI -0.92 to -0.04; P=.04), and reduced stress (-6.89, 95% CI -12.01 to 5.99; P=.01), and the nonindividualized group demonstrated improved well-being (6.46, 95% CI 0.49-12.42; P=.04) and stress (-6.36, 95% CI -11.90 to -0.83; P=.03) compared with waitlist participants. Between-group differences for the individualized and nonindividualized arms were not statistically significant. High attrition (75/143, 52.4%) was observed. CONCLUSIONS This trial provides early support for the potential benefits of Acceptance and Commitment Training for medical student well-being and psychological outcomes and demonstrates that psychological flexibility and inflexibility can be trained using a smartphone app. Although postintervention burnout outcomes were not statistically significant, improvements in secondary outcomes could indicate early risk mitigation. Replication studies with larger samples and longer-term follow-up are required, and future research should focus on improving implementation frameworks to increase engagement and optimize individualization methods. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry 12621000911897; https://tinyurl.com/2p92cwrw. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) RR2-10.2196/32992.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Ditton
- Centre for Rehab Innovations, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia.,College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | | | - Nicolette Hodyl
- Centre for Rehab Innovations, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia.,New South Wales Regional Health Partners, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Graeme Horton
- College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Christopher Oldmeadow
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia.,College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Frederick Rohan Walker
- Centre for Rehab Innovations, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia.,College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Michael Nilsson
- Centre for Rehab Innovations, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia.,College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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Clinical education-related stressors and emotional states during clinical education among physical therapy students. Physiother Theory Pract 2023; 39:405-413. [PMID: 34913405 DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2021.2017091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While clinical education-related stressors in other healthcare professions have been reported, clinical education stressors in physical therapy students are not yet clear. PURPOSE This study aimed to identify clusters of stressors associated with clinical education among Japanese physical therapy students and determine the association between these clusters and emotional states. METHODS Participants were physical therapy students who had completed five weeks of clinical education. In addition to demographic data, the survey included the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire (BJSQ) and the Stress Reaction Scale (SRS-18). Exploratory factor analysis was used to extract latent variables for sub-items of the BJSQ. Spearman's correlation coefficients between the extracted latent variables and the subscales of the SRS-18 were calculated. RESULTS Data from 114 individuals (median age 21 years, 68 men and 46 women) were analyzed. The variables identified as clusters of stressors were: 1) "adaptation to clinical education"; 2) "task burden"; and 3) "appropriate work environment." These three clusters of stressors were significantly but only weakly correlated with the subscales of the SRS-18 (|rs| ≤ |-.39|). CONCLUSION The stressors associated with physical therapy clinical education need to be understood in terms of the students' active attitude toward clinical education, the burden of practice tasks, and the physical environment during practice.
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Gilbey P, Moffat M, Sharabi-Nov A, Cohen O, Kroszynski GN, Karnieli-Miller O, Gillis R, Urkin J, Moscovici K. Burnout in Israeli medical students: a national survey. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2023; 23:55. [PMID: 36690999 PMCID: PMC9870773 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-023-04037-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Professional burnout is characterized by loss of enthusiasm for work, cynicism, and a low sense of personal efficacy. Burnout may adversely affect medical professionalism. Burnout is common in clinicians and varying rates have been reported in medical students. No data exist regarding the prevalence of burnout among Israeli medical students. The aims of this study were to assess the rate of burnout in Israeli medical students and to identify students who were particularly susceptible to burnout. METHODS A cross-sectional questionnaire design was employed, gathering data from medical students in all years of study across three medical schools. Burnout was measured using the Maslach Burnout Inventory Student Survey (MBI-SS), translated into Hebrew. RESULTS Of the 2160 students in the participating medical schools, 966 (44.7%) completed MBI-SS and demographic questionnaires. The overall burnout rate was 50.6%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis yielded that female gender, age under 25, advanced year of study, studying at a specific medical school and not being a parent are all significantly correlated with higher levels of burnout. CONCLUSIONS A high rate of burnout was found. The identification of young women who are not parents during advanced years of studies as being at-risk is important, in order to guide the development of burnout prevention interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Gilbey
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, 8 Henrietta Szold St, Safed, Israel.
| | - Mandy Moffat
- Centre for Medical Education, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | | | - Omri Cohen
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, 8 Henrietta Szold St, Safed, Israel
| | - Galit Neufeld Kroszynski
- Department of Medical Education, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Orit Karnieli-Miller
- Department of Medical Education, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Roni Gillis
- Moshe Prywes Center for Medical Education, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel
- Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jacob Urkin
- Moshe Prywes Center for Medical Education, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel
| | - Khen Moscovici
- Moshe Prywes Center for Medical Education, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel
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Avila-Carrasco L, Díaz-Avila DL, Reyes-López A, Monarrez-Espino J, Garza-Veloz I, Velasco-Elizondo P, Vázquez-Reyes S, Mauricio-González A, Solís-Galván JA, Martinez-Fierro ML. Anxiety, depression, and academic stress among medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychol 2023; 13:1066673. [PMID: 36710743 PMCID: PMC9874103 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1066673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The social distancing policies implemented by the health authorities during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico and elsewhere led to major changes in teaching strategies for college undergraduates. So far, there is limited data regarding the impact of the lockdown on the academic stress and mental health of these students. Objective To assess the occurrence of academic difficulties, anxiety, depression, and academic stressors resulting in somatization with subsequent coping strategies linked to the pandemic. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with 728 medical students (years 1-5). A purposely designed questionnaire to assess academic difficulties associated with the pandemic was administered electronically. The validated Goldberg anxiety and depression scale was also used, as well as the SISCO-II inventory on academic stress. Results Screening for anxiety and depression led to a prevalence of 67.9 and 81.3%, respectively. Most relevant stressors, reported always or nearly always, included professors' evaluations (63.9%), and reading overload of academic papers (50.6%). Factorial analyses showed that women were more prone to stress than men (p < 0.001). Somatization symptomatology included drowsiness or increased need of sleep, anxiety, anguish, desperation, chronic fatigue, and sleep disorders. Common coping strategies included practicing a hobby, done always or nearly always by 65% of students with high stress, and 34% of those with low stress (p < 0.001). Conclusion There was a relevant impact of the mandatory lockdown during COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of medical students reflected in the high prevalence rates of anxiety, depression, and stressors in the studied population pointing to the need for designing and implementing preventive strategies to deal with the effects of lockdowns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Avila-Carrasco
- Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico,*Correspondence: Lorena Avila-Carrasco, ✉
| | - Daisy Lorena Díaz-Avila
- Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Adrian Reyes-López
- Pathology and Molecular Diagnosis Laboratory, Academic Unit of Chemical Sciences, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Joel Monarrez-Espino
- Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico,Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Idalia Garza-Veloz
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Perla Velasco-Elizondo
- Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico,Academic Unit of Electric Engineering, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Sodel Vázquez-Reyes
- Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico,Academic Unit of Electric Engineering, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Mauricio-González
- Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico,Academic Unit of Electric Engineering, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Jorge Alfonso Solís-Galván
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Margarita L. Martinez-Fierro
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico,Margarita L. Martinez-Fierro, ✉
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Mavragani A, Knott B, Hodyl N, Horton G, Walker FR, Nilsson M. Medical Student Experiences of Engaging in a Psychological Flexibility Skill Training App for Burnout and Well-being: Pilot Feasibility Study. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e43263. [PMID: 36626191 PMCID: PMC9874998 DOI: 10.2196/43263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical students are at higher risk of burnout than the general population. Interventions that facilitate adaptive coping behaviors (eg, Psychological Flexibility) in the context of inherent stressors associated with medical training could mitigate burnout risk and improve well-being. Delivering these interventions using smartphone apps offers advantages such as accessibility, scalability, mitigation of time and stigma barriers, and facilitation of individual tailoring (individualization). There is a need for feasibility trials with medical students in this emerging field. Formal evaluations of user experiences of app-based psychological skill training are required to identify barriers to and facilitators of engagement and optimize intervention development before implementation in efficacy trials and real-world settings. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the feasibility of delivering an individualized Psychological Flexibility skill training intervention (Acceptance and Commitment Training [ACTraining]) to medical students using an app-based delivery format. We further aimed to explore how formal evaluation of user experiences might inform and guide the development of this app before implementation in an efficacy trial and future research involving app-delivered psychological skill training for medical students. METHODS This single-arm study was an early-phase feasibility trial of a stand-alone ACTraining app conducted with a sample of Australian medical students (n=11). We collected app usability and user experience data across a broad range of domains (eg, perceived helpfulness and relevance, learning experiences, and self-efficacy) using self-report questionnaires (quantitative and qualitative) and behavioral engagement outcomes. RESULTS Behavioral engagement data demonstrated that the app delivered the assessment procedures and individualized ACTraining intervention to medical students as intended. The subjective feedback provided by students who actively engaged with the app was generally positive across several indicators, including usability, perceived relevance and helpfulness, accessibility, maintenance of privacy, and opportunity for self-reflection. Disengagement from the app was an identified challenge throughout the trial. Participant feedback identified several factors that may have affected engagement, such as time, expectations regarding app interface functioning, and individual differences in confidence and self-efficacy when implementing skills. CONCLUSIONS This study reports user experience data that have been largely absent from the literature on digital psychological interventions for medical students. Our findings demonstrate the preliminary feasibility of an app-delivered ACTraining intervention for medical student well-being and burnout and support the value of future assessment of the efficacy of this approach with larger samples. We consider subjective feedback from medical students in relation to observed engagement and propose how this information might be used to inform the development of this app and future research in this nascent field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nicolette Hodyl
- Centre for Rehab Innovations, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia.,New South Wales Regional Health Partners, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Graeme Horton
- College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Frederick Rohan Walker
- Centre for Rehab Innovations, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia.,College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Michael Nilsson
- Centre for Rehab Innovations, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia.,College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singaport, Singapore
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Duncan SA, Sperling GL, Moy MI, Hansen R, Soudah CK, Rodriguez P, Rego A, Rojas VN, Paul M, Robicheaux JA, Chen C, Thang C, Agana DFG. Investigating the Impact of Community Volunteerism on the Mental Health of Medical Students. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL EDUCATION AND CURRICULAR DEVELOPMENT 2023; 10:23821205231191903. [PMID: 37538105 PMCID: PMC10395163 DOI: 10.1177/23821205231191903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyze the impact of community service on the mental health of medical students through their perception of stress. METHODS The 10-item Perceived Stress Scale was used to measure the stress levels of 82 medical students over a 3-month period. Additional survey questions gauged students' weekly volunteer experiences in clinical and nonclinical settings and their perceived effects on stress and quality of life. RESULTS Results found an inverse relationship between the number of clinical volunteer hours and perceived stress (P = .0497). Nonclinical and total volunteer hours were correlated with both reduced perceived stress levels (nonclinical P = .0095, total P = .0052) and better quality of life (nonclinical P = .0301, total P = .0136). All individual perceived stress scores fell into the low or moderate stress ranges of the Perceived Stress Scale per the week-to-week analysis. CONCLUSION The preliminary results raised important research questions about the impact of volunteering on medical student perceived stress. As medical students face higher levels of stress in comparison to the general population, it is exceedingly important to determine methods to decrease their risk of compromising their mental health. This study may aid in decision-making and research in favor of or against offering community service opportunities as part of the core medical education curriculum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheina A. Duncan
- John Sealy School of Medicine at the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, USA
| | - Gabriel L. Sperling
- John Sealy School of Medicine at the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, USA
| | - Matthan I. Moy
- John Sealy School of Medicine at the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, USA
| | - Regina Hansen
- John Sealy School of Medicine at the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, USA
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, USA
| | - Chris K. Soudah
- John Sealy School of Medicine at the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, USA
| | - Patrick Rodriguez
- John Sealy School of Medicine at the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, USA
| | - Andrea Rego
- John Sealy School of Medicine at the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, USA
| | - Vivian N. Rojas
- John Sealy School of Medicine at the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, USA
| | - Melody Paul
- John Sealy School of Medicine at the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, USA
| | - Joseph A. Robicheaux
- John Sealy School of Medicine at the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, USA
| | - Carrie Chen
- John Sealy School of Medicine at the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, USA
| | - Christopher Thang
- John Sealy School of Medicine at the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, USA
| | - Denny Fe G. Agana
- Department of Epidemiology, Director of Diversity, Equity & Inclusion, and Director of the MPH Program School of Public and Population Health at the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, USA
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Nasr C, Bou Sanayeh E, Nasr C, Merheb G, Massoud M. Burnout rates among Lebanese pre-final and final year medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic: A multi-centered survey-based study. Work 2022; 74:1265-1276. [PMID: 36565090 DOI: 10.3233/wor-220243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burnout among medical students has always been a major concern. OBJECTIVE To evaluate changes in the prevalence rates of burnout among Lebanese pre-final and final year medical students while taking into consideration the impact of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) on both the academical and clinical experiences. METHODS This is a multi-centered, survey-based, cross-sectional study conducted in October 2021. The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory questionnaire was used on 120 medical students from three different medical schools in Lebanon. RESULTS The overall burnout prevalence was 40.01%. When further dividing it into domains, 39.36% of students had personal burnout, 41.52% had work-related burnout, and 39.16% had pandemic-related burnout. Theoretical learning and clinical training were reported to be affected in respectively 66.70% and 71.70%. However, only 10.00% of the students have regretted choosing medicine and 67.50% felt comfortable to get to the next academic level. CONCLUSION High levels of burnout were reported among pre-final and final year medical students with a subsequent negative impact on their academic life and clinical training. Medical schools should start adopting a conscious view of how to guide medical students in finding adequate coping mechanisms during these times of crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra Nasr
- Department of Radiology, Notre Dame des Secours University Hospital, Jbeil, Lebanon
| | - Elie Bou Sanayeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Cynthia Nasr
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Notre Dame des Secours University Hospital, Jbeil, Lebanon
| | - Georges Merheb
- Department of Rheumatology, Notre Dame des Secours University Hospital, Jbeil, Lebanon
| | - Marcel Massoud
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Notre Dame des Secours University Hospital, Jbeil, Lebanon
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Wang S, Li H, Chen X, Yan N, Wen D. Learning burnout and its association with perceived stress, social support, and the Big Five personality traits in Chinese medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:785. [PMID: 36514030 PMCID: PMC9745702 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04453-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Owing to the coronavirus disease 2019, medical learning burnout has attracted increasing attention in educational research. It has a serious negative impact on medical students and their service quality. This could impair the professional development of medical students; weaken their personal and professional quality; and lead to problems such as increased medical errors and reduced patient care quality and satisfaction. This study aimed to examine the effects of perceived stress, social support, and the Big Five personality traits on learning burnout among medical students. METHODS In November 2021, a cross-sectional survey was conducted at three medical universities in China. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 616 third- year students. Learning burnout, perceived stress, social support, and the Big Five personality traits (neuroticism, extroversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness) were anonymously measured. A total of 583 students were included in the final sample. Hierarchical linear regression was performed to explore the effects of perceived stress, social support, and Big Five personality traits on medical students' learning burnout. RESULTS Perceived stress was positively associated with learning burnout (emotional exhaustion: ß = 0.577, p < 0.001; cynicism: ß = 0.543, p < 0.001; low professional efficacy: ß = 0.455, p < 0.001) whereas social support was negatively related with it (low professional efficacy: ß = -0.319, p < 0.001). Neuroticism had a positive effect on emotional burnout (ß = 0.152, p = 0.009). Extraversion (ß = -0.116, p = 0.006) and conscientiousness (ß = -0.363, p < 0.001) had a negative effect on low professional efficacy. Agreeableness negatively affected emotional exhaustion (ß = -0.181, p < 0.001) and cynicism (ß = -0.245, p < 0.001) and positively affected low professional efficacy (ß = 0.098, p = 0.008). The associated factors together accounted for an additional variance of learning burnout (emotional exhaustion: 39.0%; cynicism: 36.8%; low professional efficacy: 48.7%). CONCLUSIONS Social support is a positive resource for fighting medical students' burnout. Perceived stress was the strongest indicator of learning burnout. In addition to reducing perceived stress, developing extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness should be included in burnout prevention and treatment strategies, particularly for medical students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simeng Wang
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884Institute for International Health Professions Education and Research, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122 People’s Republic of China
| | - Honghe Li
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884Institute for International Health Professions Education and Research, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Chen
- grid.411971.b0000 0000 9558 1426Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section of Lvshun South Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian, Liaoning 116044 People’s Republic of China
| | - Nan Yan
- grid.415680.e0000 0000 9549 5392School of Medical Applied Technology, Shenyang Medical College, No.146 Huanghe Street, Yuhong District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110034 People’s Republic of China
| | - Deliang Wen
- Institute for International Health Professions Education and Research, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, People's Republic of China.
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Nguyen MT, Nguyen TG, Tran TTA, Nguyen TTN, Le DD, Nguyen TTB, Hoang HH, Ho TLD, Tran BT. Network analysis of psychological factors related to academic pressure faced by medical students in the central and highland regions of Vietnam. MEDICAL EDUCATION ONLINE 2022; 27:2007577. [PMID: 34821211 PMCID: PMC9639564 DOI: 10.1080/10872981.2021.2007577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Medical students experience extensive pressure during their undergraduate courses. Given the complex associations between psychological factors in association with academic pressure. We investigated the study with objectives: To examine psychological factors related to academic pressure by analysing interactions between 'study motivation', 'study environment', 'study conditions', 'teacher quality', 'training programme', 'management system', 'evaluation', and 'extracurricular activities' using a network analysis approach. A total of 878 medical students majoring in general medicine from the first, third, and fifth years of a six-year course at the largest medical university in central and highland regions of Vietnam were involved in this cross-sectional study. The approach used was convenient cluster sampling with a self-administered questionnaire by the participants. Network analysis for pairwise correlations between psychological factors was estimated . Important factors in the network analysis were calculated using centrality indices including node strength (S), closeness (C), and betweenness (B). The higher score of S, C, and B indicate the more importance of the node. The results obtained from the network analysis of eight psychological factors showed that 'teaching quality' was mostly connected with other factors overall, while the 'training programme' was seen in both genders and freshman students. 'Study conditions' and 'training programme' were mostly connected with other factors in junior and senior students, respectively. The strong pairwise correlation was confirmed: management system and evaluation activity, followed by study environment and study conditions, and teaching quality and training programme. Additionally, nodes with high centrality were shown to be 'management system' (S = 0.97, C = 0.019, B = 1), and 'training programme' (S = 0.96, C = 0.021, B = 4). Our study findings indicate that satisfaction with the training programme amongst eight psychological factors is the most important factor affecting academic pressure among medical students. The training programme is linked with teaching quality, whereas the management system is correlated with evaluation activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Tu Nguyen
- Undergraduate Training Office, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue City, Vietnam
| | - Thanh Gia Nguyen
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue City, Vietnam
| | - Tho Thi Anh Tran
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nghe An Oncology Hospital, Nghe An, Vietnam
| | - Thi Thanh Nhan Nguyen
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue City, Vietnam
| | - Dinh Duong Le
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue City, Vietnam
| | - Thi Thanh Binh Nguyen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue City, Vietnam
| | - Huu Hai Hoang
- Student’s Affairs Office, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue City, Vietnam
| | - Thi Linh Dan Ho
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue City, Vietnam
| | - Binh Thang Tran
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue City, Vietnam
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Haider SI, Ahmed F, Pasha H, Pasha H, Farheen N, Zahid MT. Life satisfaction, resilience and coping mechanisms among medical students during COVID-19. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275319. [PMID: 36197934 PMCID: PMC9534406 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Life satisfaction influences well-being. Medical students often experience more stress as compared to their counterparts in other disciplines as they are required to meet the demands of both academic workload and clinical responsibilities. However, during the current pandemic, in addition to academic changes, inability to complete clinical placements, loss of peer interaction and social connectedness and, deployment to areas in times of crisis could exacerbate their stress. This would impact their ability to cope with stress and eventually influence their life satisfaction. Students approach these challenges in various ways, either positively, religiously, or by avoiding. This study aimed to explore the association between resilience, coping mechanisms and life satisfaction in medical students during the pandemic. METHODS A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted from undergraduate medical students from year 1 to year 5. Three instruments were used to measure life satisfaction, resilience, and coping, namely The Brief Resilience Scale, The Satisfaction with Life Scale and the COPE inventory. Mean and standard deviation were calculated for all continuous variables. Robust linear regression model was used for analysis. Hierarchical (forward) stepwise model building technique was used for final model. Alpha cut off was kept at 0.05. RESULTS A total of 351 students (out of 500 students) completed the questionnaires. A moderately negative, slightly linear correlation between life satisfaction and avoidant coping was reported. Life satisfaction showed moderately positive, slightly linear correlation with resilience score. Three variables stayed significant in the final model: Resilience, avoidant coping, and religion coping. CONCLUSION Life satisfaction can be improved among medical students by focusing on strategies which enhance resilience. Religion is identified as a significant coping strategy among medical students. Students coping mechanism can vary and more research is needed to assess which types of coping strategies could contribute positively to the quality of their personal and professional lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Ijaz Haider
- Centre for Medical Education, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Farhatulain Ahmed
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, Fatima Memorial College Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Hadia Pasha
- Student Affairs and Services, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Talha Zahid
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, Fatima Memorial College Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
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Aker S, Şahin MK. The relationship between school burnout, sense of school belonging and academic achievement in preclinical medical students. ADVANCES IN HEALTH SCIENCES EDUCATION : THEORY AND PRACTICE 2022; 27:949-963. [PMID: 35648244 DOI: 10.1007/s10459-022-10121-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the relationship between school burnout, sense of school belonging, and academic achievement in medical students. This cross-sectional study was performed with students at the Ondokuz Mayıs University Medical Faculty (Samsun, Turkey) between 1 and 31 May 2019. Six hundred one (71.0%) first, second, and third-year students were included in the study. A questionnaire was employed as the data collection method. The questionnaire consisted of two parts. The first part consisted of questions investigating sociodemographic information produced by the authors by scanning the literature. The second part consisted of the School Burnout Inventory and the Psychological Sense of School Membership Scale. The relationship between the sense of school belonging, school burnout, and academic achievement was evaluated using structural equation modeling. The structural equation modeling analysis determined that school burnout played a mediating role in the relationship between the sense of school belonging and academic achievement in preclinical medical students. As the sense of belonging to the school increases in preclinical medical students, academic achievement increases. School burnout in preclinical medical students increases as a sense of school belonging decreases. Academic achievement among preclinical medical students decreases as school burnout levels increase. Increasing the sense of school belonging can be effective in preventing school burnout and increasing academic achievement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Servet Aker
- Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Kürşat Şahin
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
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Kitaba KA. Effectiveness of Pre- and Post-Clinical Conferences in Improving Clinical Learning Among Midwifery Students of Jimma University: Pre-Experimental Study. ADVANCES IN MEDICAL EDUCATION AND PRACTICE 2022; 13:1171-1178. [PMID: 36185066 PMCID: PMC9524273 DOI: 10.2147/amep.s379061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although clinical conferences are promising clinical teaching strategy for ensuring meaningful clinical learning, they were mostly overlooked. Thus, this study aimed to assess the effectiveness of pre- and post-clinical conferences in improving clinical learning among third-year undergraduate midwifery students of Jimma University. METHODS A quantitative institution-based pre-experimental study was performed among consecutively selected thirty-four third-year regular undergraduate midwifery students of Jimma University from February 14 to 25/2021. Data were collected by using both a self-administered questionnaire and an observational checklist. The collected data were entered into Epi_data version 4.6 and exported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. To test the difference in the participants' clinical learning before and after the pre- and post-clinical conferences, a paired-samples t-test analysis was done at a 95% confidence interval and p-value <0.05. To quantify the magnitude of the intervention's effect, Eta squared was computed as an effect size statistic. The results were presented by text and tables. RESULTS There was a statistically significant improvement in the overall clinical learning score from pre-intervention (M = 8.79, SD = 4.1) to post-intervention [M = 15.65, SD = 15.65, t (33)= 8.53, p < 0.0005]. Also, the Eta squared = 0.69 indicated a large effect size. CONCLUSION Since pre- and post-clinical conferences resulted in improvement of clinical learning among the respondents, the routine utilization of the pre- and post-clinical conferences as an effective clinical teaching strategy should be encouraged among the midwifery clinical teachers of Jimma University.
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The Effect of Auriculotherapy on Situational Anxiety Trigged by Examinations: A Randomized Pilot Trial. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10101816. [DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10101816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Auriculotherapy may activate the parasympathetic nerve system and reduce anxiety levels. Short-term auriculotherapy’s effects and safety on university students’ anxiety levels was assessed prior to exams. Methods: A randomized, controlled pilot trial was conducted. The day before the exam, university students were randomly allocated to the auriculotherapy group (AA, n = 13) or the waiting-list group (WG, n = 13). Baseline measures were taken 4 weeks before the exam at Time point (TP 0); at 7.30 a.m. on the day before the exam (TP I); at 11 a.m. before auriculotherapy (TP II); 30 min after AA (TP III); and at 7.30 a.m. before the exam (TP IV). The outcomes were the State-Trait-Anxiety Inventory (STAI); quality of night-sleep, Visual Analogue scale (VAS) for anxiety, and salivary cortisol. Adverse events were also recorded. Results: A total of 26 students participated in this study and became more anxious as assessed by STAI in TPII (p = 0.002) and TPIV (p = 0.000) than TP0. AA reduced the STAI in TPIII (p = 0.045) and PIV (p = 0.001) and the VAS (p = 0.012) in TPIV. Cortisol was reduced in TPIII (p = 0.004), and the AA slept better (p = 0.014) at TPIV. Discomfort at the auricular site was reported in only one AA participant. Conclusions: Auriculotherapy appeared safe and effective in reducing anxiety levels before university exams.
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Auckley ED, Barbee J, Verbeck N, McCambridge T, Stone L, Garvin J. Extracurricular Humanism in Medicine Initiative and Medical Student Wellness: Retrospective Study. JMIR Form Res 2022; 6:e37252. [PMID: 36112401 PMCID: PMC9526107 DOI: 10.2196/37252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Humanism in Medicine Initiative (HIMI), an extracurricular program at Ohio State University College of Medicine (OSUCOM) with 27 subgroups, fosters the humanities. Stress and burnout among first- and second-year medical students are prevalent across the United States. Solutions for stress among first- and second-year medical students have been proposed, but no gold standard exists. The relationship of humanism with stress and burnout has yet to be described in the literature. Objective This study investigates the relationship between participation in the HIMI and stress, burnout, and academic success among first- and second-year medical students. Methods First- and second-year medical students enrolled at OSUCOM between August 2018 and August 2019 were recruited. Attendance in the HIMI and membership records were used to measure their participation. Curricular examination scores and those on Step 1 of United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) were used to measure academic success. Stress and burnout were measured using the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the Perceived Stress Scale. Results In total, 412 students were enrolled with 362 (87%) students participating in HIMI. Those with high participation were more often Black, Asian, female, or with a humanities undergraduate major compared to the overall study population. There were significant relationships between Gold Humanism Honors Society (GHHS) induction and participation of first- and second-year medical students in service- (χ21=5.8, P<.05) or leadership-focused (χ21=19.3, P<.001) HIMI groups. Medium levels of participation in the HIMI were associated with significantly higher stress. Performance on the Step 1 USMLE was not significantly associated with participation levels in the HIMI (low=233.7 vs high=238.0; P=.10). Conclusions The HIMI is an extracurricular program vastly utilized by first- and second-year medical students at OSUCOM and did not impact Step 1 USMLE scores. Medium participation in the HIMI was associated with higher stress, and service- and leadership-focused HIMI participation was associated with a higher level of induction to the GHHS. This study identifies areas for future studies to understand the relationship of the HIMI with stress and academic success.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeff Barbee
- Office of Curriculum and Scholarship, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Nicole Verbeck
- Office of Curriculum and Scholarship, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Tracie McCambridge
- Department of Medical Education, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Linda Stone
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Jennifer Garvin
- Health Information Management and Systems Divisions, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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Almutairi H, Alsubaiei A, Abduljawad S, Alshatti A, Fekih-Romdhane F, Husni M, Jahrami H. Prevalence of burnout in medical students: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2022; 68:1157-1170. [PMID: 35775726 DOI: 10.1177/00207640221106691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical students are at a significant risk of experiencing psychological issues, such as burnout. Over the past few years, more studies have been conducted on this topic, producing different results. AIMS The purpose of this review was to determine the global pooled prevalence rate and risk factors associated with burnout and its components among undergraduate (pre-intern) medical students. METHOD From inception until 30 November 2021, nine electronic databases were used for an electronic search. Using random-effects meta-analysis, we pooled the estimates using the DerSimonian-Laird method. The prevalence of burnout in medical students was the primary outcome of interest. Data were analyzed globally, by country, by research measure. Age and sex were examined as confounders using meta-regression analysis. RESULTS A random-effects meta-analysis of 42 studies involving 26,824 evaluating the prevalence of burnout in medical students showed an overall prevalence rate 37.23% [32.66%; 42.05%], Q = 2,267.15(41), p < .0001, τ2 = .42, τ = .65, I2 = 98.2%; H = 7.5. Prevalence of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment were 38.08% [30.67%; 46.10%], 35.07% [26.74%; 44.41%], and 37.23% [32.66%; 42.05%], respectively. Variations were observed between countries and research measures. Age (older) and sex (female) were both significant predictors of burnout. CONCLUSION The prevalence of burnout in medical students was estimated to be 37.23%. It is urgent that future studies serve as a basis for the development of prevention and treatment programs to prevent and treat burnout in students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hessah Almutairi
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Abeer Alsubaiei
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Sara Abduljawad
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Amna Alshatti
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Feten Fekih-Romdhane
- Psychiatry Department "Ibn Omrane", The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Manouba, Tunisia.,Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunisia
| | - Mariwan Husni
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Haitham Jahrami
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain.,Ministry of Health, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
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