1
|
Abullais SS, Patel SI, Asiri EA, Jathmi AAA, Alkhayri AH, Mousa YM, Ganem AA, Mattoo KA. Comparative Evaluation of 3 Commercial Mouthwash Formulations on Clinical Parameters of Chronic Gingivitis. Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e937111. [PMID: 36050872 PMCID: PMC9447349 DOI: 10.12659/msm.937111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chlorhexidine (CHX) is not prescribed as a mouthwash for long-term use; therefore, probiotic/herbal mouthwashes are being investigated. This study compared the effect of 3 commercial mouthwashes on plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and bleeding index (BI) in patients with chronic gingivitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty-five patients (all with moderate plaque) were randomly allocated into 3 groups (Gp): Gp 1 (CHX), Gp 2 (Manuka), and Gp 3 (Pro-Dental). Three periodontal clinical parameters - PI, GI, and BI - were recorded at baseline and on days 7, 14, and 28. An oral hygiene maintenance program was followed by a double-blinded intervention (coded bottle containing mouthwash). Both inter-group and intra-group comparisons were made using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with multiple t tests. All probable values were considered to have various levels of significance at P<0.05 or below. RESULTS All indices for all groups showed higher values (mean) at baseline, which were lower on days 7, 14, and 28. No differences in any clinical parameter at any point of time existed between Gp 1 and Gp 2. There were, however, significant differences (P<0.05) between Gp 1/Gp 3 and Gp 2/Gp 3 for all clinical parameters at all observed time periods (days 7, 14, 28). Intra-group comparison for all groups demonstrated highly significant differences between baseline values and other time points. CONCLUSIONS For managing chronic gingivitis, Manuka mouthwash is as effective as a CHX mouthwash, as there were no differences observed in any clinical parameters at any point points.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahabe Saquib Abullais
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Elyas Ali Asiri
- Department of Dentistry, Ministry of Health, Primary Health Care Center, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel Ali Ahmed Jathmi
- Department of Dentistry, Ministry of Health, Primary Health Care Center, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afnan Hassan Alkhayri
- Department of Dentistry, Ministry of Health, Primary Health Care Center, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yosra Mohammed Mousa
- Department of Dentistry, Ministry of Health, Primary Health Care Center, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atheer Abdulhade Ganem
- Department of Pedodontics and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khurshid A. Mattoo
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Effect of Honey in the Prevention of Dental Caries: A Recent Perspective. Foods 2022; 11:foods11172670. [PMID: 36076855 PMCID: PMC9455747 DOI: 10.3390/foods11172670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The successful application of honey in wound care management has been achieved due to honey’s potent antibacterial effects, characterised by its multifactorial action. Impressive clinical efficacy has ignited its further use in diverse clinical disciplines, including stomatology. Indeed, there is increasing usage of honey in dental medicine as a preventive or therapeutic remedy for some periodontal diseases mainly associated with bacteria, such as dental caries, gingivitis and mucositides. Dental caries is undoubtedly a major oral health problem worldwide, with an increasing tendency of incidence. The purpose of this perspective review is to describe the recent progress in the laboratory and clinical use of honey in the prevention of dental caries, with emphasis on the antibacterial and antibiofilm effects of honey. The role of honey in the cariogenic process is also discussed. In addition, the quality of honey and the urgent in vitro evaluation of its antibacterial/antibiofilm properties before clinical use are highlighted. Findings based on data extracted from laboratory studies demonstrate the pronounced antibacterial effect of different honeys against a number of periodontal pathogens, including Streptococcus mutans. Although the promising antibiofilm effects of honey have been reported mainly against S. mutans, these results are limited to very few studies. From a clinical point of view, honey significantly reduces dental plaque; however, it is not superior to the conventional agent. Despite the positive in vitro results, the clinical effectiveness of honey in the prevention of dental caries remains inconclusive since further robust clinical studies are needed.
Collapse
|
3
|
Makmuriana L, Wuriani, Lestari L, Usman U, Surtikanti S, Pradika J, Ramadhaniyati R, Haryanto H. Chlorhexidine and honey: Mouthwash liquids in reducing halitosis of stroke patients. ENFERMERIA CLINICA 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enfcli.2021.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
4
|
Bee Venom, Honey, and Royal Jelly in the Treatment of Bacterial Infections of the Oral Cavity: A Review. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11121311. [PMID: 34947842 PMCID: PMC8709083 DOI: 10.3390/life11121311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral diseases affect a very large number of people, and the applied pharmacological methods of treatment and/or prevention have serious side effects. Therefore, it is necessary to search for new, safer methods of treatment. Natural bee products, such as honey, royal jelly, and bee venom, can be a promising alternative in the treatment of oral cavity bacterial infections. Thus, we performed an extensive literature search to find and summarize all articles about the antibacterial activity of honey, royal jelly, and bee venom. Our analysis showed that these bee products have strong activity against the bacterial strains causing caries, periodontitis, gingivitis, pharyngitis, recurrent aphthous ulcers, supragingival, and subgingival plaque. An analysis of average MIC values showed that honey and royal jelly have the highest antimicrobial activity against Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum. In turn, bee venom has an antibacterial effect against Streptococcus mutans. Streptococcus sobrinus and Streptoccus pyogenes were the most resistant species to different types of honey, and royal jelly, respectively. Moreover, these products are safer in comparison to the chemical compounds used in the treatment of oral cavity bacterial infections. Since the antimicrobial activity of bee products depends on their chemical composition, more research is needed to standardize the composition of these compounds before they could be used in the treatment of oral cavity bacterial infections.
Collapse
|
5
|
Sedghi L, DiMassa V, Harrington A, Lynch SV, Kapila YL. The oral microbiome: Role of key organisms and complex networks in oral health and disease. Periodontol 2000 2021; 87:107-131. [PMID: 34463991 PMCID: PMC8457218 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
States of oral health and disease reflect the compositional and functional capacities of, as well as the interspecies interactions within, the oral microbiota. The oral cavity exists as a highly dynamic microbial environment that harbors many distinct substrata and microenvironments that house diverse microbial communities. Specific to the oral cavity, the nonshedding dental surfaces facilitate the development of highly complex polymicrobial biofilm communities, characterized not only by the distinct microbes comprising them, but cumulatively by their activities. Adding to this complexity, the oral cavity faces near-constant environmental challenges, including those from host diet, salivary flow, masticatory forces, and introduction of exogenous microbes. The composition of the oral microbiome is shaped throughout life by factors including host genetics, maternal transmission, as well as environmental factors, such as dietary habits, oral hygiene practice, medications, and systemic factors. This dynamic ecosystem presents opportunities for oral microbial dysbiosis and the development of dental and periodontal diseases. The application of both in vitro and culture-independent approaches has broadened the mechanistic understandings of complex polymicrobial communities within the oral cavity, as well as the environmental, local, and systemic underpinnings that influence the dynamics of the oral microbiome. Here, we review the present knowledge and current understanding of microbial communities within the oral cavity and the influences and challenges upon this system that encourage homeostasis or provoke microbiome perturbation, and thus contribute to states of oral health or disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lea Sedghi
- Department of Orofacial SciencesSchool of DentistryUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Vincent DiMassa
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Anthony Harrington
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Susan V. Lynch
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Yvonne L. Kapila
- Department of Orofacial SciencesSchool of DentistryUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sreenivasan PK, Kakarla VVP, Sharda S, Setty Y. The effects of a novel herbal toothpaste on salivary lactate dehydrogenase as a measure of cellular integrity. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 25:3021-3030. [PMID: 33064207 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03623-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is a critical intracellular enzyme responsible for anaerobic respiration in pyruvate metabolism which becomes detectable in extracellular spaces after cellular breakdown. This clinical investigation examined the effects of brushing with a test toothpaste containing natural ingredients, i.e., clove (Syzygium aromaticum), aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis), amla (Emblica officinalis), neem (Azadirachta indica), tulsi (Ocimum basillicum), and honey (from Apis mellifera), and 0.96% zinc (zinc oxide, zinc citrate) and 0.76% SMFP (1000 ppm F) in a calcium carbonate base formulated with natural ingredients (Ved Shakti, Colgate Palmolive India) and a fluoride toothpaste containing 0.76% SMFP (1000 ppm F) in a calcium carbonate base (Colgate Cavity Protection, Colgate Palmolive; henceforth control) on salivary LDH in conjunction with the assessments of dental plaque and gingivitis representing oral hygiene parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS This double-blind, two-cell study enrolled 70 adults (age range 20-59 years). Subjects completed a washout and provided baseline saliva samples for LDH analysis and clinical assessments of dental plaque and gingivitis using the Turesky Modification of Quigley-Hein and Loe-Silness methods respectively. Subjects were randomly assigned to brush their teeth with either the test or control. Post-treatment sample collection and clinical evaluations were conducted after 3 weeks, 6 weeks, and 12 week sof brushing with all assessments conducted 12 h after hygiene. Statistical analyses were conducted independently for each parameter by t-test for within treatment evaluation and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) for between treatment comparisons. RESULTS At baseline, treatment groups demonstrated no significant differences for LDH or dental plaque and gingival index scores. Brushing with the test demonstrated progressive reductions in salivary LDH, plaque and gingival index scores over the study duration in comparison to the control. The test demonstrated reductions in LDH of 9.5-15.4% over the study period in comparison to the control representing statistically significant effects (p < 0.05). The test also demonstrated reductions in dental plaque that ranged between 6.4 and 16.2% over the study period and gingivitis reductions that ranged between 8.2 and 23.8% representing statistically significant results (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Brushing with a novel herbal toothpaste demonstrated significant reductions in salivary LDH representing improvements in cellular integrity with concurrent reductions in dental plaque and gingivitis as compared to the control dentifrice. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Salivary LDH measurements offer a non-invasive and objective measurement of mucosal cellular integrity complementing other evaluations and clinical assessments such as plaque and gingival index scores.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prem K Sreenivasan
- Department of Oral Biology, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Veera Venkata Prasad Kakarla
- Public Health Dentistry SDM College of Dental Sciences and Hospital SDM College of Dental Sciences & Hospital, Affiliated to SDM University, Dharwad, Karnataka, 580009, India.
| | - Shweta Sharda
- Public Health Dentistry SDM College of Dental Sciences and Hospital SDM College of Dental Sciences & Hospital, Affiliated to SDM University, Dharwad, Karnataka, 580009, India
| | - Yogitha Setty
- Public Health Dentistry SDM College of Dental Sciences and Hospital SDM College of Dental Sciences & Hospital, Affiliated to SDM University, Dharwad, Karnataka, 580009, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Grzech-Leśniak K, Belvin BR, Lewis JP, Golob Deeb J. Treatment with Nd:YAG Laser Irradiation Combined with Sodium Hypochlorite or Hydrogen Peroxide Irrigation on Periodontal Pathogens: An In Vitro Study. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2020; 39:46-52. [PMID: 33124948 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2019.4775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser with low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) on viability of oral bacteria. Materials and methods: Bacterial species Streptococcus gordonii, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Fusobacterium nucleatum were grown in an anaerobic chamber at 37°C. Samples were irradiated with the Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm, 300 μm Varian tip) using parameters: 150 mJ, 20 Hz, 3 W, 50 sec, and 100 μs short pulse duration in contact mode. Treatment groups included (1) control, (2) Nd:YAG, (3) 0.5% H2O2, (4) Nd:YAG and 0.5% H2O2, (5) 0.5% NaOCl, and (6) Nd:YAG with 0.5% NaOCl. Viable colonies were counted, calculated into colony forming unit/mL, and converted into log form for statistical analysis using a two-tailed paired t-test. Results: The combined treatment with the Nd:YAG and H2O2 showed the greatest reduction in all bacterial viability compared with other treatment groups (p < 0.001). Antiseptic solutions and laser were most effective against P. gingivalis, least effective against S. gordonii but improved significantly in combination with laser irradiation (p < 0.001). Laser alone was effective against all of three bacterial species, however, it was not significant. Conclusions: Combination treatment with Nd:YAG laser and an oxidative disinfectant (0.5% NaOCl or H2O2) resulted in more effective reduction of bacterial viability than monotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Grzech-Leśniak
- Laser Laboratory, Department of Oral Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.,Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - B Ross Belvin
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Janina P Lewis
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Janina Golob Deeb
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Khosla A, Gupta SJ, Jain A, Shetty DC, Sharma N. Evaluation and comparison of the antimicrobial activity of royal jelly - A holistic healer against periodontopathic bacteria: An in vitro study. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2020; 24:221-226. [PMID: 32773971 PMCID: PMC7307477 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_486_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: RJ is a natural bee product and is known to have remarkable health benefits. The objective was to evaluate its antimicrobial potential against periodontopathic bacteria and compare the same with chlorhexidine. Aims: The aim was to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial activity of royal jelly (RJ) with chlorhexidine against the periodontopathic bacteria (aerobic and anaerobic) in subgingival plaque. Materials and Methods: Subgingival plaque samples of 15 chronic periodontitis patients were taken, and clinical parameters were evaluated. Inhibitory effect of RJ and chlorhexidine was investigated “in vitro” on the growth of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria by colony count, minimum inhibitory concentration, and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) by the method of serial broth dilution. Statistical Analysis Used: ANOVA statistical analysis was used in this study. Results: Subgingival anaerobic bacteria predominate (colony-forming unit). Chlorhexidine is more sensitive in inhibiting aerobic and anaerobic bacteria (at concentration 50 μg/100 μl). A higher concentration of RJ is required to have an inhibitory effect. MBC of chlorhexidine shows no growth on blood agar plates, whereas minimum bacterial growth is seen around the RJ. Conclusions: Chlorhexidine (gold standard) has a higher inhibitory effect in the case of chronic periodontitis; however, RJ can also be used as an alternative but at higher concentration and lesser dilution. Evaluation of the quality, quantity and the biological activity of RJ is a necessity and must be done before its “in vivo” application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Khosla
- Department of Periodontology, I T S Dental College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Swyeta Jain Gupta
- Department of Periodontology, I T S Dental College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anshi Jain
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, I T S Dental College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Devi Charan Shetty
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, I T S Dental College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nikhil Sharma
- Department of Periodontology, I T S Dental College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hunter M, Kellett J, D’Cunha NM, Toohey K, McKune A, Naumovski N. The Effect of Honey as a Treatment for Oral Ulcerative Lesions: A Systematic Review. EXPLORATORY RESEARCH AND HYPOTHESIS IN MEDICINE 2020; 000:000-000. [DOI: 10.14218/erhm.2019.00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
10
|
Yasmin U, Sulistiawati, Awalia H, Asri B, Mudiah F. The effect of 10% forest honey rinsing on dental plaque score for children aged 9–12 years. SCIENTIFIC DENTAL JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/sdj.sdj_49_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
11
|
Alaee A, Azizi A, valaei N, Taheri S, Ravanshadi F, Hajipour M, Fattahi M. In-Vitro Effect of Natural Honey on the Growth of Streptococcus sanguinis. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN DENTAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.29252/jrdms.4.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
|
12
|
Gupta D, Gupta RK, Jain A, Bindhumadhav S, Sangeeta, Garg P, Chaturvedi S, Chattu VK. Assessment of Effectiveness of Barleria prionitis on Oral Health. Pharmacognosy Res 2016; 8:169-72. [PMID: 27365983 PMCID: PMC4908843 DOI: 10.4103/0974-8490.181456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the efficacy of Barleria prionitis extract mouthwash in comparison with gold standard chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthwash on the oral health. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 30 subjects were randomly divided into two groups, B. prionitis group and the CHX gluconate mouthwash group. The data were collected at the baseline and 3 days. The plaque was disclosed using erythrosine disclosing agent and their scores were recorded using the Quigley and Hein plaque index modified by Turesky-Gilmore-Glickman. Statistical analysis was performed to compare the effect of the two drug regime. RESULTS Our result showed that the CHX and the B. prionitis were statistically equally effective against dental plaque. Although the action of CHX was more pronounced. CONCLUSIONS This study has confirmed antimicrobial potential of the plant B. prionitis, thus supporting its folklore application as preventive remedy against oral microbial diseases. SUMMARY Within the limitation of this trial, herbal mouthwash has been shown to demonstrate similar effects on plaque as compared to the standard drug CHX. Further long term research needs to be done to check the efficacy and effectiveness of herbal products over standard drug regime.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Devanand Gupta
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Institute of Dental Science, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, and General Secretory, International Society for Holistic Dentistry, India
| | | | - Ankita Jain
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Sangeeta
- Consultant Dental Surgeon, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Purnima Garg
- Consultant Stomatologist, Dehradoon, Uttrakhand, India
| | | | - Vijay Kumar Chattu
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Trinidad and Tobago
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Rashed HT. Evaluation of the effect of hydrogen peroxide as a mouthwash in comparison with chlorhexidine in chronic periodontitis patients: A clinical study. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2016; 6:206-12. [PMID: 27382535 PMCID: PMC4916793 DOI: 10.4103/2231-0762.183114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims and Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as a mouthwash in comparison with chlorhexidine (CHX) in chronic periodontitis patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 45 patients suffering from localized mild to moderate chronic periodontitis were chosen. The subjects were divided equally into three groups. Group A patients were treated only with scaling and root planning (SRP). Group B were treated with SRP in combination with 0.2% CHX gluconate mouthwash twice daily for 10 days. Group C were treated with SRP in combination with 1.5% H2O2 mouthwash twice daily for 10 days. Gingival index, plaque index, pocket depth, and clinical attachment level were recorded for patients of all groups on day 0 (Baseline), 15, 30, and 90, respectively. Statistical analysis was done using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 22.0. Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to assess the differences in the abovementioned indices because of time and groups. Results: Both CHX gluconate and H2O2 mouthwashes significantly reduced the gingival index more than that observed in the control group, but similar to each other. There were no significant differences in the clinical attachment loss, plaque index, and pocket depth among the study groups, but improvement was seen within the CHX group participants. In participants with chronic periodontitis, SRP in combination with 0.2% CHX gluconate mouthwash was an effective treatment in reducing the gingival index and the pocket depth, as well as improving the clinical attachment level. Conclusion: The use of CHX gluconate was observed to be higher than H2O2 for the reduction in the gingival index and the pocket depth, as well as for the improvement of the clinical attachment level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hazem Tarek Rashed
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, Al Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Jain A, Gupta D, Singh D, Garg Y, Saxena A, Chaudhary H, Singh A, Gupta RK. Knowledge regarding prescription of drugs among dental students: A descriptive study. J Basic Clin Pharm 2016; 7:12-6. [PMID: 26792957 PMCID: PMC4702275 DOI: 10.4103/0976-0105.170584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The act of indicating one or more drugs to be taken by the patient, its dosage, and the interval of the treatment is known as prescribing. It is a dynamic and individualized clinical process. Cultural, social, economic and promotional factors can influence the pattern of prescription. Thus the present study was conducted to evaluate the drug prescription knowledge in third year and final year dental students at Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. Methodology: A questionnaire consisting of 10 open-ended questions was used in a study which was conducted among 170 male and female, third year and final year dental students of Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre. Tables and graphs were used to represent data. Results: Pain was found to be the most important reason for prescribing medication. Diclofenac was found to be the most commonly prescribed NSAID. While amoxicillin was found to be the most widely prescribed antibiotic. Lack of knowledge about drug posology was the basic reason for error done by students. Maximum number of students gets their information for prescribing drugs from their professors. Maximum number of students was unacquainted about the WHO Guide to Good Prescribing. Conclusion: The knowledge of prescribing drugs is of utmost need for good dental practice and hence, it is essential to expand the knowledge related to pharmacological therapy and to know about the proper therapeutic guidelines. With the help of WHO Guide to Good Prescribing, and some educational programs students will develop better prescribing skills.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Jain
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Devanand Gupta
- General Secretary, International Society for Holistic Dentistry, Haldwani, Uttarakhand, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Institute of Dental Science, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Deepika Singh
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Yogesh Garg
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Antima Saxena
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Rama Dental College and Hospital, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Himani Chaudhary
- Department of Prosthodontic, Crown and Bridge and Implantology, Daswani Dental College and Research Centre, Kota, Rajasthan, India
| | - Alpana Singh
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Daswani Dental College and Research Centre, Kota, Rajasthan, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gupta D, Mathur A, Patil GI, Tippanawar HK, Jain A, Jaggi N, Gupta RK, Garg P. Prevalence of musculoskeletal disorder and alternative medicine therapies among dentists of North India: A descriptive study. Pharmacognosy Res 2015; 7:350-4. [PMID: 26692749 PMCID: PMC4660514 DOI: 10.4103/0974-8490.157810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Health professionals especially the dental professional are the frequent targets of musculoskeletal disorders (MSD). Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) can be of some help in managing these MSD especially in. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of CAM therapies as a treatment modality for MSD management among dental professionals of north India. MATERIALS AND METHODS Registered dentist of North Indian origin, India (n = 3598) were included in the study. The questionnaire was sent to all the dentists which consisted of the demographic profile, MSD in the past year, CAM therapies utilization and opinion about CAM therapies. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 21 and data were presented in tabular and graphic form. Test of significance was done using chi-square statistics with P < 0.05 considered as significant. RESULTS A response rate of 80% (n = 2879) was obtained, and all complained of MDS in some or the other part of their life. The use of CAM was reported among 70% (n = 2015) of the dentist who suffered from MSD. Other dentists either used conventional treatment or did not use anything. CONCLUSION As the name implies, alternative medical systems is a category that extends beyond a single modality and refers to an entire system of theory and practice that developed separately from conventional medicine. CAM should be subject to rigorous scientific inquiry so that interventions that work are systematically distinguished from those that do not. In addition, the use of CAM treatments should be based on evidence of effectiveness and safety as demonstrated in randomized clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Devanand Gupta
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Institute of Dental Science, Bareilly, General Secretary, International Society for Holistic Dentistry, Uttrakhand, India
| | - Amit Mathur
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Vaidik Dental College and Research Centre, Daman, India
| | - Gaurav I Patil
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, JSS Dental college and hospital, Mysore, India
| | - Harshad K Tippanawar
- Department of Conservative, endodontics and esthetics dentistry, JSS Dental college and hospital, Mysore, India
| | - Ankita Jain
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Teerthankar Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Namita Jaggi
- Department of Orthodontics, DJ College of Dental Science and research, Modinagar, India
| | | | - Purnima Garg
- Consultant Stomatologist, Dehradun, Uttrakhand, India
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gupta D, Nayan S, Tippanawar HK, Patil GI, Jain A, Momin RK, Gupta RK. Are herbal mouthwash efficacious over chlorhexidine on the dental plaque? Pharmacognosy Res 2015; 7:277-81. [PMID: 26130940 PMCID: PMC4471655 DOI: 10.4103/0974-8490.155874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To compare the effect of herbal extract mouthwash and chlorhexidine mouthwash on the dental plaque level. Materials and Methods: The subjects (60 healthy medical students aged ranges between 20 and 25 years) were randomly divided into two groups, that is, the herbal group and the chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash group. The data were collected at the baseline and 3 days. The plaque was disclosed using erythrosine disclosing agent and their scores were recorded using the Quigley and Hein plaque index modified by Turesky-Gilmore-Glickman. Statistical analysis was carried out later to compare the effect of all the two groups. Results: Our result showed that the chlorhexidine group shows a greater decrease in plaque score followed by herbal extract, but the result was statistically insignificant. Conclusion: The results indicate that herbal mouthwash may prove to be an effective agent owing to its ability to reduce plaque level, especially in low socioeconomic strata.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Devanand Gupta
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Institute of Dental Science, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India ; General Secretary, International Society for Holistic Dentistry, Uttrakhand, India
| | - Swapna Nayan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, D.Y Patil Dental College, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Harshad K Tippanawar
- Department of Conservative, Endodontics and Esthetics Dentistry, JSS Dental College and Hospital, Mysore, India
| | - Gaurav I Patil
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, JSS Dental College and Hospital, Mysore, India
| | - Ankita Jain
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, India
| | - Rizwan K Momin
- Department of Oral Pathology, Jaipur Dental College, Jaipur, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Gupta D, Momin RK, Mathur A, Srinivas KT, Jain A, Dommaraju N, Dalai DR, Gupta RK. Dental caries and their treatment needs in 3-5 year old preschool children in a rural district of India. NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2015; 7:143-50. [PMID: 25973401 PMCID: PMC4426517 DOI: 10.4103/1947-2714.156010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: Dental problems in the preschool children are neglected by their parents as the deciduous teeth are going to shed off, and hence considered to be of no importance and more of economic burden if attended to them. Aims: This study was to determine the caries prevalence in preschool children (3-5-year-old) of rural Moradabad district, to analyze the specific pattern of dental caries experience in this population and to assess the treatment needs among them. Material and Methods: Children within the age group of 3-5 years attending Anganwadi centers of rural Moradabad district were included in the study. Caries diagnosis was based on decayed, extracted, filled surface (defs) and the treatment needs were recorded using World Health Organization (WHO) oral health assessment form 1997. Results: Out of 1,500 children examined, 48.7% males and 52.6% females did not require any treatment. The mean decayed, extracted, filled teeth (deft) value was found to be significantly high in 5-year-old participants when compared to 3-year-old participants (P < 0.01). Majority of the children required one surface filling followed by two surface fillings, caries arresting sealant care, extraction, crown bridge element, pulp care, and space maintainer. Conclusion: The most common pattern was pit and fissure, then maxillary anterior pattern, posterior proximal pattern, and posterior buccal lingual smooth surface pattern. The mean deft value was higher in males as compared to females. There is a greater need for oral health education among parents and teachers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Devanand Gupta
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Institute of Dental Science, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, General Secretary, International Society for Holistic Dentistry, India
| | - Rizwan K Momin
- Department of Oral Pathology, Jaipur Dental College, Jaipur, India
| | - Ayush Mathur
- Department of Orthodontics, NIMS Dental College, Jaipur, India
| | - Kavuri Teja Srinivas
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Anil Neerukonda Institute of Dental Sciences, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Ankita Jain
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Neelima Dommaraju
- Consultant Dental Surgeon, Pritam Dental Care, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Deepak Ranjan Dalai
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | |
Collapse
|