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Wu W, Li J, Yin Y, Zhou Y, Huang X, Cao Y, Chen X, Zhou Y, Du J, Xu Z, Yang B, He Q, Yang X, Hu Y, Yan H, Luo P. Rutin attenuates ensartinib-induced hepatotoxicity by non-transcriptional regulation of TXNIP. Cell Biol Toxicol 2024; 40:38. [PMID: 38789868 PMCID: PMC11126486 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-024-09883-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Ensartinib, an approved ALK inhibitor, is used as a first-line therapy for advanced ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer in China. However, the hepatotoxicity of ensartinib seriously limits its clinical application and the regulatory mechanism is still elusive. Here, through transcriptome analysis we found that transcriptional activation of TXNIP was the main cause of ensartinib-induced liver dysfunction. A high TXNIP level and abnormal TXNIP translocation severely impaired hepatic function via mitochondrial dysfunction and hepatocyte apoptosis, and TXNIP deficiency attenuated hepatocyte apoptosis under ensartinib treatment. The increase in TXNIP induced by ensartinib is related to AKT inhibition and is mediated by MondoA. Through screening potential TXNIP inhibitors, we found that the natural polyphenolic flavonoid rutin, unlike most reported TXNIP inhibitors can inhibit TXNIP by binding to TXNIP and partially promoting its proteasomal degradation. Further studies showed rutin can attenuate the hepatotoxicity of ensartinib without antagonizing its antitumor effects. Accordingly, we suggest that TXNIP is the key cause of ensartinib-induced hepatotoxicity and rutin is a potential clinically safe and feasible therapeutic strategy for TXNIP intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentong Wu
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinjin Li
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiming Yin
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yourong Zhou
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangliang Huang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yashi Cao
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xueqin Chen
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310002, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yunfang Zhou
- The Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The People's Hospital of Lishui, Lishui, 323020, China
| | - Jiangxia Du
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation in Digestive System Tumors, Ministry of Education, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310017, China
| | - Zhifei Xu
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Qiaojun He
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang, 310058, Hangzhou, China
- School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Xiaochun Yang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuhuai Hu
- Innovation Institute of Hangzhou Yuhong Pharmatech Co.,LTD, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Hao Yan
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang, 310058, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Peihua Luo
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang, 310058, Hangzhou, China.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310002, China.
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Tasleem S, Masud S, Habib SS, Naz S, Fazio F, Aslam M, Ullah M, Attaullah S. Investigation of the incidence of heavy metals contamination in commonly used fertilizers applied to vegetables, fish ponds, and human health risk assessments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:100646-100659. [PMID: 37639089 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29480-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Overuse of fertilizers on agricultural lands and fish ponds may result in serious pollution problems, such as heavy metals that can enter the food chain and pose serious health problems. Due to this, the present study investigates the incidence of heavy metals in commonly used fertilizers and its association with heavy metals in vegetables, soil, fish species, and pond water. Samples were collected from different sites (fields and ponds) in district Kohat, where the application of fertilizers was common and control groups (no fertilizers used). Heavy metal analysis was carried out through a spectrophotometer. Results showed higher Cd and Cr concentrations in triple superphosphate (TSP), Cu and Pb in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK), while lower concentrations were found in gypsum. In vegetables (onion, tomato, brinjal, and potato) and associated soil, most of the heavy metals concentrations were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in fertilizer-applied sites than in the control. Also, the Cd concentration in potatoes and Pb level in all vegetables obtained from sites were greater than the WHO/FAO standard limit. In the case of fish species (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Cyprinus carpio) muscles and their habitat (water), all the understudy heavy metals were notably higher (P < 0.05) in fertilizer-applied sites (ponds) than the control group. Collectively, in all vegetables and muscles of fish species, the bioaccumulation factor was higher in sites compared to the control. The estimated daily intake (EDI) and target hazard quotient (THQ) values were also higher in fertilizer-applied sites (fields and ponds) than control. The health index (HI) value was > 1 in vegetables (onion, tomato, and potato) and fish muscles collected from different sites compared to the control. Thus, there is the possibility of severe health risks. The use of fertilizers must be carefully monitored in order to ensure that humans and animals are safe from exposure to heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samiyah Tasleem
- Department of Biotechnology, Hafiz Ilayas Institute of Pharmaceuticals and Herbal Sciences Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Samrah Masud
- Institute of Zoology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, 60800, Pakistan
| | - Syed Sikandar Habib
- Department of Zoology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, 40100, Pakistan
| | - Saira Naz
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Lahore Sargodha Campus, Sargodha, Punjab, 40100, Pakistan
| | - Francesco Fazio
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Via Palatuccisnc, University of Messina, 98168, Messina, Italy.
| | - Muhammad Aslam
- Department of Zoology, Islamia College University, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Mujeeb Ullah
- Department of Zoology, Islamia College University, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Attaullah
- Department of Zoology, Islamia College University, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 25120, Pakistan
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Mu H, Wang G, Huang B, Fu X, Cheng S, Wen J. Effect of hexavalent chromium exposure on the reproductive status and biomarker responses of female Geloina erosa. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 32:736-745. [PMID: 37460905 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-023-02668-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) is widely distributed in the marine environment of Hainan Province, China and poses a potential threat to its mangrove ecosystems. However, the mechanisms underlying Cr-induced stress and reproductive toxicity in clams remain largely unknown. In this study, the clams, Geloina erosa, were exposed to 4.34, 8.69, 17.38 and 34.76 mg/L Cr (VI) for 24, 48 and 72 h. The gonad-somatic index (GSI) was determined and histological alterations of the ovaries were quantified by light microscopy. The micronucleus test was performed which quantifies the genotoxic presence of small cytoplasmic bodies in eukaryotic cells. Enzymatic assays for catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), and malondialdehyde (MDA) activities were done. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to quantify the expression of glutathione-S-transferase (GST), heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and vitellogenin (Vtg) in ovaries of G. erosa. The results showed that the micronucleus frequency was significantly increased when clams were exposed to Cr (VI). Cr (VI) exposure induced the accumulation of MDA and affected CAT and GR enzyme activities. The high Cr (VI) concentration of 34.76 mg/L significantly increased the levels of GR activity, GST expression and HSP70 expression and inhibited Vtg expression and CAT activity. MDA content was significantly increased after 72 h at the high Cr (VI) exposure (34.76 mg/L). Therefore, Cr (VI) exposure may be toxic to the development of ovaries of G. erosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Mu
- College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources in Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, PR China
| | - Gongsi Wang
- College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources in Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, PR China
| | - Bo Huang
- College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, PR China.
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, PR China.
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources in Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, PR China.
| | - Xiangchao Fu
- College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources in Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, PR China
| | - Sui Cheng
- College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources in Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, PR China
| | - Jiao Wen
- College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources in Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, PR China
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Zhang Y, Long C, Hu G, Hong S, Su Z, Zhang Q, Zheng P, Wang T, Yu S, Jia G. Two-week repair alleviates hexavalent chromium-induced hepatotoxicity, hepatic metabolic and gut microbial changes: A dynamic inhalation exposure model in male mice. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159429. [PMID: 36243064 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] has been identified as a "Group I human carcinogen" with multisystem and multiorgan toxicity. A dynamic inhalation exposure model in male mice, coupled with the hepatic metabolome and gut microbiome, was used to explore hepatotoxicity, and hepatic metabolic and gut microbial changes under the exposure scenarios in the workspace and general environment. The present study set up an exposure group (EXP) that inhaled 150 μg Cr/m3 for 13 weeks, a control group (CONT) that inhaled purified air, as well as a two-week repair group (REXP) after 13 weeks of exposure and the corresponding control group (RCONT). Cr(VI) induced elevation of hepatic Cr accumulation, the ratio of ALT and AST, and folate in serum. Inflammatory infiltration in the liver and abnormal mitochondria in hepatocytes were also induced by Cr(VI). Glutathione, ascorbate, folic acid, pantetheine, 3'-dephospho-CoA and citraconic acid were the key metabolites affected by Cr(VI) that were associated with significant pathways such as pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 signaling pathway, antifolate resistance, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism and one carbon pool by folate. g_Allobaculum was identified as a sensitive biomarker of Cr(VI) exposure because g_Allobaculum decreased under Cr(VI) exposure but increased after repair. The gut microbiota might be involved in the compensation of hepatotoxicity by increasing short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria, including g_Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, g_Blautia, and f_Muribaculaceae. After the two-week repair, the differential metabolites between the exposed and control groups were reduced from 73 to 29, and the KEGG enrichment pathways and differential microbiota also decreased. The mechanism for repair was associated with reversion of lipid peroxidation and energy metabolism, as well as activation of protective metabolic pathways, such as the AMPK signaling pathway, longevity regulating pathway, and oxidative phosphorylation. These findings might have theoretical and practical implications for better health risk assessment and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Changmao Long
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China; School of Public Health and Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Guiping Hu
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, China.
| | - Shiyi Hong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zekang Su
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qiaojian Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Pai Zheng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tiancheng Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Third Hospital of Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shanfa Yu
- Henan Institute for Occupational Medicine, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province 450052, China
| | - Guang Jia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China.
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Cuevas-Magaña MY, Vega-García CC, León-Contreras JC, Hernández-Pando R, Zazueta C, García-Niño WR. Ellagic acid ameliorates hexavalent chromium-induced renal toxicity by attenuating oxidative stress, suppressing TNF-α and protecting mitochondria. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 454:116242. [PMID: 36108929 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Nephrotoxicity is an important adverse effect of oxidative stress induced by hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)]. The effect of ellagic acid, a dietary polyphenolic compound with potent antioxidant activity, was investigated in Cr(VI)-induced kidney injury. Six groups of male Wistar rats were treated intragastrically with vehicle or ellagic acid (15 and 30 mg/kg) for 10 days. On day 10, rats received saline or Cr(VI) (K2Cr2O7 15 mg/kg) subcutaneously. Cr(VI) significantly increased kidney weight, affected kidney function assessed by biomarkers in blood and urine (protein, creatinine and urea nitrogen), caused histological changes (tubular injury and glomerular capillary tuft damage), increased markers of oxidative stress and reduced the activity of antioxidant enzymes. In addition, Cr(VI) altered mitochondrial ultrastructure, impaired mitochondrial respiration, increased lipid peroxidation, and inhibited the function of mitochondrial enzymes. Pretreatment with ellagic acid (30 mg/kg) attenuated all the aforementioned alterations. Furthermore, we explored whether ellagic acid might regulate the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)/receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) pathway, reducing Cr(VI)-induced tubular necrosis. Cr(VI) upregulated both TNF-α and RIPK3, but ellagic acid only decreased TNF-α levels, having no effect on RIPK3 content. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms through which Cr(VI) promotes necroptosis is crucial for future studies, in order to design strategies to mitigate kidney damage. In conclusion, ellagic acid attenuated Cr(VI)-induced renal alterations by preventing oxidative stress, supporting enzymatic activities, suppressing TNF-α, and preserving mitochondrial ultrastructure and function, most likely due to its antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayra Yael Cuevas-Magaña
- Department of Cardiovascular Biomedicine, National Institute of Cardiology "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Claudia Cecilia Vega-García
- Department of Biology of Reproduction, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition "Salvador Zubirán", Mexico City 14000, Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos León-Contreras
- Experimental Pathology Section. National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition "Salvador Zubirán", Mexico City 14000, Mexico
| | - Rogelio Hernández-Pando
- Experimental Pathology Section. National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition "Salvador Zubirán", Mexico City 14000, Mexico
| | - Cecilia Zazueta
- Department of Cardiovascular Biomedicine, National Institute of Cardiology "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Wylly Ramsés García-Niño
- Department of Cardiovascular Biomedicine, National Institute of Cardiology "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
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Mechanism of chromium-induced toxicity in lungs, liver, and kidney and their ameliorative agents. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 151:113119. [PMID: 35613529 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Heavy metal Chromium (Cr), can adversely affect humans and their health if accumulated in organs of the body, such as the lungs, liver, and kidneys. Cr (VI) is highly toxic and has a higher solubility in water than Cr (III). One of the most common routes for Cr exposure is through inhalation and is associated with liver, lung, kidney damage, widespread dermatitis, GI tract damage, human lung cancer, cardiomyopathies, and cardiovascular disease. The increase in ROS production has been attributed to most of the damage caused by Cr toxicity. Cr-induced ROS-mediated oxidative stress has been seen to cause a redox imbalance affecting the antioxidant system balance in the body. The Nrf2 pathway dysregulation has been implicated in the same. Deregulation of histone acetylation and methylation has been observed, together with gene methylation in genes such as p16, MGMT, APC, hMLH1, and also miR-143 repression. Several ultra-structural changes have been observed following Cr (VI)-toxicity, including rough ER dilation, alteration in the mitochondrial membrane and nuclear membrane, pycnotic nuclei formation, and cytoplasm vacuolization. A significant change was observed in the metabolism of lipid, glucose, and the metabolism of protein after exposure to Cr. Cr-toxicity also leads to immune system dysregulations with changes seen in the expression of IL-8, IL-4, IgM, lymphocytes, and leukocytes among others. P53, as well as pro-and anti-apoptotic proteins, are involved in apoptosis. These Cr-induced damages can be alleviated via agents that restore antioxidant balance, regulate Nrf-2 levels, or increase anti-apoptotic proteins while decreasing pro-apoptotic proteins.
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Jin L, Kom MC, Fu G, Xie Y, Gao Y, Shen J, Huang H, Hu B, Yan J. Hexavalent chromium induces hepatocyte apoptosis via regulation of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1/c-Jun amino-terminal kinase signaling. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:1288-1296. [PMID: 35166444 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
With the spread of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) contamination, Cr(VI)-induced hepatotoxicity has attracted increasing attention in recent years. To date, however, the exact mechanism of Cr(VI) toxicity remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1)/c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) in Cr(VI)-induced hepatic toxicity and the possible related mechanisms. AML-12 hepatocyte cell-lines were treated with 0, 1, 4, and 16 μmol/Lof Cr(VI) with or without GS-444271 (an ASK1 inhibitor). Adult male mice were administered with 0, 2, 8, and 32 mg/kg body mass (BM)/day of Cr(VI) for 5 days. The level of hepatocyte apoptosis/proliferation, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and expression levels of mRNAs and proteins related to ASK1/JNK and nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling were assessed. Results showed that high Cr(VI) exposure induced hepatocyte apoptosis and liver injury by generation of ROS and down-regulation of Nrf2 signaling. In addition, ASK1/JNK signaling activity was upregulated in the Cr(VI)-treated group. Furthermore, GS-444217 treatment significantly rescued Cr(VI)-induced hepatocyte apoptosis and liver dysfunction in vitro and in vivo by down-regulation of ASK1/JNK signaling. Thus, ASK1/JNK signaling appears to play an important role in Cr(VI)-induced hepatocyte apoptosis and liver injury. This study should help improve our understanding of the mechanism of Cr(VI)-induced liver injury and provide support for future investigations on liver disease therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Jin
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, China
| | | | - Guoquan Fu
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yixia Xie
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yue Gao
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiayuan Shen
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huarong Huang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Baowei Hu
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junyan Yan
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, China
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Shi B, Tao X, Betancor MB, Lu J, Tocher DR, Meng F, Figueiredo-Silva C, Zhou Q, Jiao L, Jin M. Dietary chromium modulates glucose homeostasis and induces oxidative stress in Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 240:105967. [PMID: 34555743 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
While chromium (Cr) has been recognized as an essential nutrient for all animals, and dietary supplementation can be beneficial, it can also be toxic. The present study aimed to investigate the contrasting effects of dietary chromium in Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Five experimental diets were formulated to contain Cr at levels of 0.82 (Cr0.82, unsupplemented diet), 1.01 (Cr1.01), 1.22 (Cu1.22), 1.43 (Cr1.43) and 1.63 (Cr1.63) mg/kg and were fed to shrimp for 8 weeks. Highest weight gain was recorded in shrimp fed the diet containing 1.22 mg/kg Cr. Shrimp fed the diet containing the highest level of Cr (1.63 mg/kg) showed the lowest weight gain and clear signs of oxidative stress and apoptosis as evidenced by higher levels of H2O2, malondialdehyde and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, and expression of caspase 2, 3, 5, and lower contents of total and oxidized glutathione, and expression of Cu/Zn sod, cat, gpx, mt, bcl2. Chromium supplementation promoted glycolysis and inhibited gluconeogenesis as shown by increased activities of hexokinase, phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase, and reduced activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in shrimp fed the diet containing 1.43 mg/kg Cr. Shrimp fed the diet with 1.63 mg/kg Cr had lowest contents of crustacean hyperglycemic hormone and insulin like peptide in hemolymph. Expression of genes involved in insulin signaling pathway and glycose metabolism including insr, irs1, pik3ca, pdpk1, akt, acc1, gys, glut1, pk, hk were up-regulated, and foxO1, gsk-3β, g6pc, pepck were down-regulated in shrimp fed the diets supplemented with Cr. This study demonstrated that optimum dietary supplementation of Cr had beneficial effects on glucose homeostasis and growth, whereas excess caused oxidative damage and impaired growth. The results contribute to our understanding of the biological functions of chromium in shrimp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Shi
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Xinyue Tao
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Mónica B Betancor
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK
| | - Jingjing Lu
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Douglas R Tocher
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Fanyi Meng
- Zinpro Corporation, Eden Prairie, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Qicun Zhou
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Lefei Jiao
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Min Jin
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
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Zhou J, Du N, Li D, Qin J, Li H, Chen G. Combined effects of perchlorate and hexavalent chromium on the survival, growth and reproduction of Daphnia carinata. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 769:144676. [PMID: 33485194 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Perchlorate and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) are common cocontaminants in aquatic environments due to their high water solubility, stability, mobility, and some coapplications. However, few studies have investigated their combined toxicity to organisms. In this work, we studied the acute and chronic toxicities of perchlorate and Cr(VI), alone and in combination, with survival, growth, and reproduction as endpoints using Daphnia carinata as a model organism. For a single contaminant, Cr(VI) was found to be more toxic than perchlorate to D. carinata not only in terms of survival but also in terms of growth and reproduction. In regard to the combined pattern, the interactive effects on survival, growth, and reproduction were mainly additivity, antagonism, and synergism, respectively, suggesting that the interactive response of perchlorate and Cr(VI) is endpoint-specific. Due to significant synergism, over 21 days of observation, the inhibition of 0.1 mg/L perchlorate and 0.2 mg/L Cr(VI) on cumulative offspring per female in the first seven broods reached 63.9 ± 3.6%, suggesting that long-term exposure to perchlorate and Cr(VI) at environmentally relevant concentrations may affect D. carinata reproduction in the natural environment. Our results will be significant for understanding the complicated combined toxicity of perchlorate and Cr to aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ningning Du
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Dongqin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Junhao Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Huashou Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Guikui Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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10
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El-Guendouz S, Zizi S, Elamine Y, Lyoussi B. Preliminary screening of the possible protective effect of Moroccan propolis against chromium-induced nephrotoxicity in animal model. Vet World 2020; 13:1327-1333. [PMID: 32848307 PMCID: PMC7429381 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.1327-1333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) compounds have been shown to induce nephrotoxicity associated with oxidative stress in humans and animals. The aim of the present study was to investigate the nephroprotective effect of bee propolis, as highly antioxidant natural product, in vivo using an animal model. Materials and Methods First of all, total phenol and flavonoid contents of propolis sample were estimated in vitro. Afterward, to study the protective effect of propolis on renal damages caused by an injection of a single dose of potassium dichromate (15 mg/kg b.wt), 24 male Wister rats were divided into test and control groups. Propolis treatment was performed by oral gavage of 100 mg/kg b.wt/day, while the control groups received water instead. The 24 h urine was collected and blood samples were withdrawn before and after each treatment for further analysis. Results Propolis revealed to be rich in polyphenols and flavonoids. Chromate provoked a nephrotoxic effect expressed by a drastic decrease in glomerular filtration assessed by creatinine clearance. However, the administration of propolis attenuated the renal damages induced by the chromate. This attenuation can be seen by the increase of creatinine clearance when comparing propolis treated group to the non-treated group. Conclusion Propolis showed a protective potential against chromate-induced nephrotoxicity through the amelioration of chromate's toxic effects. It might be concluded that propolis could be effective as chemoprotectant in the management of potassium dichromate-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soukaina El-Guendouz
- Laboratory of Physiology-Pharmacology and Environmental Health, Faculty of Sciences Dhar-Mahraz, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco
| | - Soumia Zizi
- Laboratory of Physiology-Pharmacology and Environmental Health, Faculty of Sciences Dhar-Mahraz, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco
| | - Youssef Elamine
- Laboratory of Physiology-Pharmacology and Environmental Health, Faculty of Sciences Dhar-Mahraz, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco
| | - Badiaa Lyoussi
- Laboratory of Physiology-Pharmacology and Environmental Health, Faculty of Sciences Dhar-Mahraz, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco
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Neeratanaphan L, Kamollerd C, Suwannathada P, Suwannathada P, Tengjaroenkul B. Genotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in Experimental Hybrid Catfish Exposed to Heavy Metals in a Municipal Landfill Reservoir. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17061980. [PMID: 32192208 PMCID: PMC7143293 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17061980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the concentrations of Cr, Cd and Pb in the water, sediment and experimental hybrid catfish muscles, and to compare the genetic differentiation and the levels of oxidative stress biomarkers (malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl) between the catfish from the contaminated reservoir near a municipal landfill and the reference area after chronic exposure. The concentrations of all metals in the water and the concentration of Cd in the sediment exceeded Thailand's surface water quality and soil quality standards, respectively, whereas the concentrations of these metals in fish muscles did not exceed Thailand's food quality standards. Dendrogram results in terms of genetic similarity values of the catfish from the reference and the landfill areas were 0.90 to 0.96 and 0.79 to 0.86, respectively, implying that the genetic differentiation of the fish from the landfill was greater than of those from the reference area. The fish in the landfill reservoir had slightly increased protein carbonyl levels. The results indicate that chronic heavy metal exposure can cause genotoxicity of the hybrid catfish and induce protein carbonyl as an oxidative stress biomarker in the reservoir near a municipal landfill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamyai Neeratanaphan
- Research Group on Toxic Substances in Livestock and Aquatic Animals, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (L.N.); (C.K.); (P.S.); (P.S.)
- Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Chuchart Kamollerd
- Research Group on Toxic Substances in Livestock and Aquatic Animals, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (L.N.); (C.K.); (P.S.); (P.S.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Pimchanok Suwannathada
- Research Group on Toxic Substances in Livestock and Aquatic Animals, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (L.N.); (C.K.); (P.S.); (P.S.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Pongthorn Suwannathada
- Research Group on Toxic Substances in Livestock and Aquatic Animals, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (L.N.); (C.K.); (P.S.); (P.S.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Bundit Tengjaroenkul
- Research Group on Toxic Substances in Livestock and Aquatic Animals, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (L.N.); (C.K.); (P.S.); (P.S.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +669-5-447-1257
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12
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Ortiz-Santaliestra ME, Rodríguez A, Pareja-Carrera J, Mateo R, Martinez-Haro M. Tools for non-invasive sampling of metal accumulation and its effects in Mediterranean pond turtle populations inhabiting mining areas. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 231:194-206. [PMID: 31129400 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Among reptiles, freshwater turtle species have high potential for metal accumulation because of their long lifespan or their aquatic and terrestrial habits. In order to monitor metal bioaccumulation, determine potential toxic effects, and investigate tools for non-invasive metal sampling in reptiles, we studied lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) accumulation in Mediterranean pond turtles (Mauremys leprosa) inhabiting two former mining areas, one of them with high environmental concentrations of Pb (Sierra Madrona-Alcudia Valley district) and the other one with high environmental concentrations of Hg (Almadén district). Individuals from the Pb mining area showed mean blood concentrations (i.e. 5.59 μg Pb/g dry weight, d.w.) that were higher than those measured in other populations. Blood Hg concentrations were highest (8.83 μg Hg/g d.w.) in the site close to the former Hg mines, whereas blood Hg concentrations in terrapins from another site of Almadén district, located ∼28 km downstream, were not different from locations at the non-mining area. Animals from the Pb-contaminated site showed evidence of oxidative stress, whereas those from the Hg-contaminated site showed increased activity of the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase, as well as reduced circulating levels of the main endogenous antioxidant peptide, glutathione. Concentrations measured in feces and carapace scutes were useful indicators to monitor blood concentrations of Pb, but not of Hg. Our results provide evidence of the usefulness of freshwater turtles as sentinels of chronic metal pollution, and validate non-invasive tools to advance Pb monitoring in reptiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel E Ortiz-Santaliestra
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC) CSIC-UCLM-JCCM. Ronda de Toledo 12, 13005, Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - Antonio Rodríguez
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC) CSIC-UCLM-JCCM. Ronda de Toledo 12, 13005, Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - Jennifer Pareja-Carrera
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC) CSIC-UCLM-JCCM. Ronda de Toledo 12, 13005, Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - Rafael Mateo
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC) CSIC-UCLM-JCCM. Ronda de Toledo 12, 13005, Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - Mónica Martinez-Haro
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC) CSIC-UCLM-JCCM. Ronda de Toledo 12, 13005, Ciudad Real, Spain.
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13
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Hfaiedh M, Brahmi D, Zourgui MN, Zourgui L. Phytochemical analysis and nephroprotective effect of cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) cladodes on sodium dichromate-induced kidney injury in rats. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2019; 44:239-247. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2018-0184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Environmental and occupational exposure to chromium compounds, especially hexavalent chromium, is widely recognized as potentially nephrotoxic in humans and animals. The present study aimed to assess the efficacy of cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) against sodium dichromate-induced nephrotoxicity, oxidative stress, and genotoxicity. Cactus cladodes extract (CCE) was phytochemically studied and tested in vitro for its potential antioxidant activities. Additionally, the preventive effect of CCE against sodium dichromate-induced renal dysfunction in a Wistar rat model (24 rats) was evaluated. For this purpose, CCE at a dose of 100 mg/kg was orally administered, followed by 10 mg/kg sodium dichromate (intraperitoneal injection). After 40 days of treatment, the rats were sacrificed, and the kidneys were excised for histological, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant enzyme analyses. The phenol, flavonoid, tannin, ascorbic acid, and carotenoid contents of CCE were considered to be important. Our analyses showed that 1 mL of CCE was equivalent to 982.5 ± 1.79 μg of gallic acid, 294.37 ± 0.84 μg of rutin, 234.78 ± 0.24 μg of catechin, 204.34 ± 1.53 μg of ascorbic acid, and 3.14 ± 0.51 μg of β-carotene. In vivo, pretreatment with CCE was found to provide significant protection against sodium dichromate-induced nephrotoxicity by inhibiting lipid peroxidation, preserving normal antioxidant activities, and protecting renal tissues from lesions and DNA damage. The nephroprotective potential of CCE against sodium dichromate toxicity might be due to its antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mbarka Hfaiedh
- Research Unit of Valorization of Active Biomolecules, Higher Institute of Applied Biology of Medenine, University of Gabes, 4119 Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Dalel Brahmi
- Research Unit of Valorization of Active Biomolecules, Higher Institute of Applied Biology of Medenine, University of Gabes, 4119 Medenine, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Research on Biologically Compatible Substances, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Rue Avicenne, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Nizar Zourgui
- Research Unit of Valorization of Active Biomolecules, Higher Institute of Applied Biology of Medenine, University of Gabes, 4119 Medenine, Tunisia
- Higher Institute of Applied Biology of Medenine, University of Gabes, 4119 Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Lazhar Zourgui
- Research Unit of Valorization of Active Biomolecules, Higher Institute of Applied Biology of Medenine, University of Gabes, 4119 Medenine, Tunisia
- Higher Institute of Applied Biology of Medenine, University of Gabes, 4119 Medenine, Tunisia
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14
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Vranković J, Živić M, Radojević A, Perić-Mataruga V, Todorović D, Marković Z, Živić I. Evaluation of oxidative stress biomarkers in the freshwater gammarid Gammarus dulensis exposed to trout farm outputs. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 163:84-95. [PMID: 30041129 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The current study reports a combined seasonal monitoring of the Crnica River watercourse using physico-chemical parameters and biomarkers measured in Gammarus dulensis with the aim of correlating the effects of pollution with the level of oxidative stress biomarkers in this amphipod. The pollution source is identified as a trout farm in the upper part of the Crnica River (Eastern Serbia). Physico-chemical water parameters and sediment trace element concentrations were measured in the Crnica River during three seasons. Three localities downstream [CR2, CR3, and CR4 (20 m, 400 m, and 1.3 km from the trout farm discharge, respectively)] were assessed in comparison with a reference location (CR1), 250 m upstream from the trout aquaculture in the Crnica River. Antioxidant biomarkers including the enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) were determined in pooled samples of G. dulensis. Our findings showed statistically different antioxidant enzyme levels in gammarids from the first downstream locality (CR2) compared to those from other three localities. The results indicate that oxidative stress occurred to some extent despite the assumed antioxidant induction as a result of exposure to elevated levels of some elements and changed water parameters, the effects seeming in part to be mediated by suppression of SOD and CAT (during summer and autumn); and by suppression of GPX and GR (during autumn) at the CR2 locality. The activity of GST in all seasons was higher at the CR2 locality than at the other localities, suggesting the presence of some permanent xenobiotic next to the aquaculture output. Seasonal difference in the physical and chemical water parameters and sediment trace element concentrations were observed. Overall, our results indicate a locality- and season-dependent antioxidant enzymes response in G. dulensis, pointing at progressively reduced deleterious effect of trout farm outputs with movement further downstream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Vranković
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Miroslav Živić
- University of Belgrade - Faculty of Biology, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Anđelina Radojević
- University of Belgrade - Faculty of Biology, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vesna Perić-Mataruga
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dajana Todorović
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zoran Marković
- University of Belgrade - Faculty of Agriculture, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Živić
- University of Belgrade - Faculty of Biology, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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15
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Tokodi N, Drobac D, Meriluoto J, Lujić J, Marinović Z, Važić T, Nybom S, Simeunović J, Dulić T, Lazić G, Petrović T, Vuković-Gačić B, Sunjog K, Kolarević S, Kračun-Kolarević M, Subakov-Simić G, Miljanović B, Codd GA, Svirčev Z. Cyanobacterial effects in Lake Ludoš, Serbia - Is preservation of a degraded aquatic ecosystem justified? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 635:1047-1062. [PMID: 29710560 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are present in many aquatic ecosystems in Serbia. Lake Ludoš, a wetland area of international significance and an important habitat for waterbirds, has become the subject of intense research interest because of practically continuous blooming of cyanobacteria. Analyses of water samples indicated a deterioration of ecological condition and water quality, and the presence of toxin-producing cyanobacteria (the most abundant Limnothrix redekei, Pseudanabaena limnetica, Planktothrix agardhii and Microcystis spp.). Furthermore, microcystins were detected in plants and animals from the lake: in macrophyte rhizomes (Phragmites communis, Typha latifolia and Nymphaea elegans), and in the muscle, intestines, kidneys, gonads and gills of fish (Carassius gibelio). Moreover, histopathological deleterious effects (liver, kidney, gills and intestines) and DNA damage (liver and gills) were observed in fish. A potential treatment for the reduction of cyanobacterial populations employing hydrogen peroxide was tested during this study. The treatment was not effective in laboratory tests although further in-lake trials are needed to make final conclusions about the applicability of the method. Based on our observations of the cyanobacterial populations and cyanotoxins in the water, as well as other aquatic organisms and, a survey of historical data on Lake Ludoš, it can be concluded that the lake is continuously in a poor ecological state. Conservation of the lake in order to protect the waterbirds (without urgent control of eutrophication) actually endangers them and the rest of the biota in this wetland habitat, and possibly other ecosystems. Thus, urgent measures for restoration are required, so that the preservation of this Ramsar site would be meaningful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Tokodi
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
| | - Damjana Drobac
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Jussi Meriluoto
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6 A, 20520 Turku, Finland; Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Jelena Lujić
- Department of Aquaculture, Szent István University, Páter Károly u. 1, Gödöllő 2100, Hungary
| | - Zoran Marinović
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; Department of Aquaculture, Szent István University, Páter Károly u. 1, Gödöllő 2100, Hungary
| | - Tamara Važić
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Sonja Nybom
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6 A, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Jelica Simeunović
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Tamara Dulić
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Gospava Lazić
- Scientific Veterinary Institute "Novi Sad", Rumenački put 20, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Tamaš Petrović
- Scientific Veterinary Institute "Novi Sad", Rumenački put 20, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Branka Vuković-Gačić
- Center for Genotoxicology and Ecogenotoxicology, Chair of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Studenski Trg 16, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Karolina Sunjog
- Center for Genotoxicology and Ecogenotoxicology, Chair of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Studenski Trg 16, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Stoimir Kolarević
- Center for Genotoxicology and Ecogenotoxicology, Chair of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Studenski Trg 16, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Margareta Kračun-Kolarević
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", Despota Stefana 142, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Gordana Subakov-Simić
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Branko Miljanović
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Geoffrey A Codd
- College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland, UK
| | - Zorica Svirčev
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6 A, 20520 Turku, Finland
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16
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Durán U, Coronado-Apodaca KG, Meza-Escalante ER, Ulloa-Mercado G, Serrano D. Two combined mechanisms responsible to hexavalent chromium removal on active anaerobic granular consortium. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 198:191-197. [PMID: 29421729 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium (Cr VI) from industrial wastewaters represents a highly toxic source at low concentrations. Biological treatments with anaerobic granular biomass are a promising alternative for the Cr VI bioremediation. This study evaluated the Cr VI removal in a range of 5-500 mg/L, using an active anaerobic granular consortium. Two removal mechanisms were differentiated from the assays: 1) biological reduction of 70 mg/L to Cr III at a concentration of 250 mg Cr VI/L and 2) physical bioadsorption of 297 mg of Cr VI/L or 31.39 mg of Cr VI/gbiomass at concentration of 500 mg Cr VI /L. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values for the rate and production of methane were 1.4 and 253 mg/L, respectively. In addition, Cr VI is a biostimulant that increase the methane production, in a range from 5 to 100 mg/L, of the anaerobic consortium. This work demonstrates the potential application of the anaerobic granular consortium in metal bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Durán
- Instituto de Ingeniería, UNAM, P.O. Box 70-186, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - K G Coronado-Apodaca
- Departamento de Ciencias del Agua y Medio Ambiente, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora (ITSON), 5 de Febrero 818 Sur, C.P. 85000 Col. Centro, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, Mexico
| | - E R Meza-Escalante
- Departamento de Ciencias del Agua y Medio Ambiente, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora (ITSON), 5 de Febrero 818 Sur, C.P. 85000 Col. Centro, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, Mexico
| | - G Ulloa-Mercado
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencias Alimentarias, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora (ITSON), 5 de Febrero 818 Sur, C.P. 85000 Col. Centro, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, Mexico
| | - D Serrano
- Departamento de Ciencias del Agua y Medio Ambiente, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora (ITSON), 5 de Febrero 818 Sur, C.P. 85000 Col. Centro, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, Mexico.
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17
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Chen H, Guo Z, Zhou Y, Li D, Mu L, Klerks PL, Luo Y, Xie L. Accumulation, depuration dynamics and effects of dissolved hexavalent chromium in juvenile Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 148:254-260. [PMID: 29069612 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that chronic exposure to hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) causes a variety of adverse effects in the Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). The present study investigated the transition of acute to chronic effects by assessing the influences of Cr(VI) exposure concentration and exposure duration on Cr accumulation and their effects on fish growth and antioxidant physiology. Juvenile fish were exposed to 0.05, 0.5, 4 or 8mg/L Cr(VI) for 28 days. Endpoints were evaluated on days 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28. In addition, Cr depuration was examined for fish from two exposure groups (0.5 and 8mg/L). Chromium accumulation was rapid initially, then continued at a slower rate till the end of the exposure period without showing signs of reaching a steady state. Depuration patterns differed between the two exposure groups, but both reached 50% in 14 days. The rapid initial accumulation was accompanied by increased lipid peroxidation and elevated activities of antioxidants (e.g., GST, SOD and CAT). Activities of these enzymes had mostly returned to baseline levels by day 7, but there was no evidence of further cellular damage from ROS. Effects on fish length and weight continued to be evident over the 28-day exposure period. Our study suggest that the initial effects of Cr(VI) exposure may not be a good predictor of more-chronic effects in fish as a consequence of an efficient acclimation response by the antioxidant system that limits ROS-mediated toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxing Chen
- The Environmental Research Institute, MOE Key Laboratory Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhongbao Guo
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Dan Li
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Lei Mu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Paul L Klerks
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, P.O. Box 43602, Lafayette, LA 70504-3602, United States
| | - Yongju Luo
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China.
| | - Lingtian Xie
- The Environmental Research Institute, MOE Key Laboratory Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Taju G, Abdul Majeed S, Nambi KSN, Sahul Hameed AS. Application of fish cell lines for evaluating the chromium induced cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and oxidative stress. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 184:1-12. [PMID: 28575799 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.05.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we hypothesize that cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and oxidative stress play a key role in chromium induced toxicity in SISS, SISK, IEE, IEK, IEG, SICH and ICG cell lines after 24 h exposure. Three fish species namely Lates calcarifer, Etroplus suratensis and Catla catla were exposed to the concentrations of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 mg/L of chromium for 96 h under static conditions for conducting acute toxicity tests. LC50 was then calculated. The percentage cell survival was assessed by multiple endpoints such as MTT, NR, AB and CB assays in the seven fish cell lines exposed to different concentrations of chromium and EC50 values of all the four endpoints were calculated. High significances were noted in the correlations between each in vitro cytotoxicity assays and in vivo mortality data. Cell shrinkage, cell detachment, vacuolations and cell swelling at the highest concentration of chromium (50 mg/L) were seen on microscopic examination of cell morphology. Comet assay and Hoechst staining were carried out to assess DNA damage and nuclear fragmentation in the seven fish lines exposed to chromium. The results of antioxidant parameters obtained indicate a significant reduction in the level of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase and Glutathione peroxidase, and increased level of lipid peroxidation in all the cell lines exposed to chromium. These results confirm that fish cell lines could be used as an alternative to whole fish for cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and oxidative stress assessment in chromium toxicity studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Taju
- Aquatic Animal Health Laboratory (OIE Reference for WTD), PG & Research Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam - 632 509, Vellore District, Tamilnadu, India
| | - S Abdul Majeed
- Aquatic Animal Health Laboratory (OIE Reference for WTD), PG & Research Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam - 632 509, Vellore District, Tamilnadu, India
| | - K S N Nambi
- Aquatic Animal Health Laboratory (OIE Reference for WTD), PG & Research Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam - 632 509, Vellore District, Tamilnadu, India
| | - A S Sahul Hameed
- Aquatic Animal Health Laboratory (OIE Reference for WTD), PG & Research Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam - 632 509, Vellore District, Tamilnadu, India.
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Shil K, Pal S. Metabolic adaptability in hexavalent chromium-treated renal tissue: an in vivo study. Clin Kidney J 2017; 11:222-229. [PMID: 29644063 PMCID: PMC5887570 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfx069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)], an environmental pollutant that originates mostly from anthropogenic sources, is a serious threat to human health. After entering into cells, Cr(VI) is capable of producing excessive free radicals and causing tissue damage. The present study aims to reveal the toxic manifestation of Cr(VI) on the metabolic activity of renal tissue. Methods Male Swiss albino mice were treated orally with potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) at a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight for a period of 30 days. Important tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle enzyme activities like isocitrate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase, as well as the activities of enzymes involved in oxidative phosphorylation such as Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) dehydrogenase, were measured. Additionally, transaminase and protease (pronase, cathepsin and trypsin) activities, tissue protein and free amino nitrogen were estimated in renal tissue. Glucose-6-phosphatase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase activities, as well as lactic acid, pyruvic acid and chromium contents, of kidneys were determined following standard protocols. Kidney histology was performed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Results Cr(VI) suppresses the rate-limiting enzymes of the TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation indicating an inhibition of renal ATP production. It decreases protease activity by eliminating the protein substrates and alters the gluconeogenic pathway. Cr(VI) worsens the normophysiological attributes of renal tissue by enhancing the activity of alkaline phosphatase, pointing towards kidney disease. Histopathological observations confirmed these biochemical results through the presence of chronic tubular nephritis and altered glomerular structure. Cr(VI) retention occurs to a greater extent in renal tissue, which intensifies the toxic manifestation of this pollutant in the kidney. Conclusions Cr(VI) disrupts the metabolic interaction between carbohydrates and proteins in mammalian renal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanu Shil
- Nutritional Biochemistry and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, West Tripura, India
| | - Sudipta Pal
- Nutritional Biochemistry and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, West Tripura, India
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Yu Z, He Z, Tao X, Zhou J, Yang Y, Zhao M, Zhang X, Zheng Z, Yuan T, Liu P, Chen Y, Nolan V, Li X. The shifts of sediment microbial community phylogenetic and functional structures during chromium (VI) reduction. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2016; 25:1759-1770. [PMID: 27637513 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-016-1719-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The Lanzhou reach of the Yellow River, located at the upstream of Lanzhou, has been contaminated by heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons over a long-time. We hypothesized that indigenous microbial communities would remediate those contaminants and some unique populations could play an important role in this process. In this study, we investigated the sediment microbial community structure and function from the Lanzhou reach. Sediment samples were collected from two nearby sites (site A and site B) in the Lanzhou reach along the Yellow River. Sediment geochemical property data showed that site A sediment samples contained significantly (p < 0.05) higher heavy metals than site B, such as chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), and copper (Cu). Both site A and B samples were incubated with or without hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) for 30 days in the laboratory, and Cr (VI) reduction was only observed in site A sediment samples. After incubation, MiSeq sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons revealed that the phylogenetic composition and structure of microbial communities changed in both samples, and especially Proteobacteria, as the most abundant phylum increased from 45.1 % to 68.2 % in site A, and 50.1 % to 71.3 % in site B, respectively. Some unique OTUs and populations affiliated with Geobacter, Clostridium, Desulfosporosinus and Desulfosporosinus might be involved in Cr (VI) reduction in site A. Furthermore, GeoChip 4.0 (a comprehensive functional gene array) data showed that genes involved in carbon and nitrogen cycling and metal resistance significantly (p < 0.05) increased in site A sediment samples. All the results indicated that indigenous sediment microbial communities might be able to remediate contaminants like Cr (VI), and this information provides possible strategies for future bioremediation of the Lanzhou reach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengsheng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Zhili He
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology and Institute for Environmental Genomics, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, 73019, USA
| | - Xuanyu Tao
- Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Jizhong Zhou
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology and Institute for Environmental Genomics, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, 73019, USA
| | - Yunfeng Yang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Mengxin Zhao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Zhe Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Tong Yuan
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology and Institute for Environmental Genomics, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, 73019, USA
| | - Pu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Virgo Nolan
- Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Xiangkai Li
- Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China.
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Goodarzi Z, Karami E, Ahmadizadeh M. Simvastatin attenuates chromium-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. J Nephropathol 2016; 6:5-9. [PMID: 28042547 PMCID: PMC5106881 DOI: 10.15171/jnp.2017.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hexavalent Chromium (Cr (VI)) compounds are extremely toxic and have been demonstrated to induce nephrotoxicity associated with oxidative stress in humans and animals. The wide environmental distribution of these agents lead to an increase interest of preventive effects of its adverse effects.
Objectives The propose of the present study was to determine the potential protective effects of simvastatin (SIMV) on Cr (VI)-induced nephrotoxicity in rat.
Materials and Methods Forty-eight adult male Wistar rats (180-220 g BW) were randomly assigned to eight groups (n = 6). Group one received SIMV 20 mg/kg/day. Group two was given vehicle only. Groups three, five and seven received intraperitoneally (i.p) sodium dichromate (Cr (VI)) at doses of 8, 12 and 16 mg/kg body weight. Groups four, six and eight pretreated with the 20 mg/kg SIMV 30 minutes to prior administration of Cr (VI) at doses of 8, 12 and 16 mg/kg, respectively. The experiment repeated for eight consecutive days. Twenty-four hours after the last administration, animals were killed with overdose of sodium pentobarbital. Kidney tissues were excised for measuring malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and histopathological examination.
Results Chromium induced a dose dependent elevation of MDA and reduction of GSH levels. Histopathological manifestations were observed in Cr (VI)-treated rats. SIMV administration restored Cr (VI) produced biochemical and morphological changes in rat kidney. SIMV decreased MDA values and increased GSH levels in Cr (VI)-treated rats. SIMV clearly reversed the microscopic damage, demonstrating its protective effects against Cr (VI)-induced kidney injury.
Conclusions This observation suggests that SIMV may have a protective effect against Cr (VI)-induced oxidative stress in rat kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Goodarzi
- Department of Occupational Health, Engineering, School of Health, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Karami
- Department of Occupational Health, Engineering, School of Health, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Massumeh Ahmadizadeh
- Department of Occupational Health, Engineering, School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran ; Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Elshazly M, Morgan AM, Ali ME, Abdel-mawla E, Abd El-Rahman SS. The mitigative effect of Raphanus sativus oil on chromium-induced geno- and hepatotoxicity in male rats. J Adv Res 2016; 7:413-21. [PMID: 27222746 PMCID: PMC4856824 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2016.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
To study the impact of radish oil on the possible genotoxic and hepatotoxic effects of hexavalent chromium, male rats were divided into 4 groups. Group 1 served as control, group 2 received radish oil at the recommended human therapeutic dose (0.07 mL/kg) by gavage, group 3 received sodium dichromate dihydrate (SDD) 520 mg/L in drinking water, and group 4 received both SDD and radish oil as previously mentioned in groups 2 and 3. All treatments were continued for six months. The results revealed that chromium exposure promoted oxidative stress with a consequently marked hepatic histopathological alterations, increased serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities, alfa fetoprotein (AFP) levels, and micronucleated erythrocytes (MNE) % in peripheral blood. Moreover, COMET assay of hepatic DNA revealed that SDD exposure significantly decreased the intact cells %, head diameter, and head DNA % compared to control, indicating DNA damage. However, radish oil co-administration with SDD resulted in marked amendment in the altered parameters as detected by improved liver function markers (ALT and ALP) and AFP level, decreased lipid peroxidation, increased antioxidant markers, inhibited hepatic DNA damage and restored the hepatic histology by preventing the appearance of the altered hepatocytes' foci and decreasing chromium induced histopathological lesions. It could be concluded that radish oil was able to provide a convergent complete protection against the geno- and hepatotoxicity of chromium by its potent antioxidant effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.O. Elshazly
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Ashraf M. Morgan
- Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Merhan E. Ali
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Essam Abdel-mawla
- Aquaculture Research Center, Arab Academy for Science Technology and Maritime Transport, Alexandria, Egypt
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Lushchak VI. Contaminant-induced oxidative stress in fish: a mechanistic approach. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2016; 42:711-747. [PMID: 26607273 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-015-0171-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in living organisms was described more than 60 years ago and virtually immediately it was suggested that ROS were involved in various pathological processes and aging. The state when ROS generation exceeds elimination leading to an increased steady-state ROS level has been called "oxidative stress." Although ROS association with many pathological states in animals is well established, the question of ROS responsibility for the development of these states is still open. Fish represent the largest group of vertebrates and they inhabit a broad range of ecosystems where they are subjected to many different aquatic contaminants. In many cases, the deleterious effects of contaminants have been connected to induction of oxidative stress. Therefore, deciphering of molecular mechanisms leading to such contaminant effects and organisms' response may let prevent or minimize deleterious impacts of oxidative stress. This review describes general aspects of ROS homeostasis, in particular highlighting its basic aspects, modification of cellular constituents, operation of defense systems and ROS-based signaling with an emphasis on fish systems. A brief introduction to oxidative stress theory is accompanied by the description of a recently developed classification system for oxidative stress based on its intensity and time course. Specific information on contaminant-induced oxidative stress in fish is covered in sections devoted to such pollutants as metal ions (particularly iron, copper, chromium, mercury, arsenic, nickel, etc.), pesticides (insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides) and oil with accompanying pollutants. In the last section, certain problems and perspectives in studies of oxidative stress in fish are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volodymyr I Lushchak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine.
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Skipper A, Sims JN, Yedjou CG, Tchounwou PB. Cadmium Chloride Induces DNA Damage and Apoptosis of Human Liver Carcinoma Cells via Oxidative Stress. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:ijerph13010088. [PMID: 26729151 PMCID: PMC4730479 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium is a heavy metal that has been shown to cause its toxicity in humans and animals. Many documented studies have shown that cadmium produces various genotoxic effects such as DNA damage and chromosomal aberrations. Ailments such as bone disease, renal damage, and several forms of cancer are attributed to overexposure to cadmium. Although there have been numerous studies examining the effects of cadmium in animal models and a few case studies involving communities where cadmium contamination has occurred, its molecular mechanisms of action are not fully elucidated. In this research, we hypothesized that oxidative stress plays a key role in cadmium chloride-induced toxicity, DNA damage, and apoptosis of human liver carcinoma (HepG₂) cells. To test our hypothesis, cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Lipid hydroperoxide content stress was estimated by lipid peroxidation assay. Genotoxic damage was tested by the means of alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis (Comet) assay. Cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry assessment (Annexin-V/PI assay). The result of MTT assay indicated that cadmium chloride induces toxicity to HepG₂ cells in a concentration-dependent manner, showing a 48 hr-LD50 of 3.6 µg/mL. Data generated from lipid peroxidation assay resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) increase of hydroperoxide production, specifically at the highest concentration tested. Data obtained from the Comet assay indicated that cadmium chloride causes DNA damage in HepG₂ cells in a concentration-dependent manner. A strong concentration-response relationship (p < 0.05) was recorded between annexin V positive cells and cadmium chloride exposure. In summary, these in vitro studies provide clear evidence that cadmium chloride induces oxidative stress, DNA damage, and programmed cell death in human liver carcinoma (HepG₂) cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Skipper
- Molecular Toxicology Research Laboratory, NIH-Center for Environmental Health, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, 1400 Lynch Street, Box 18540, Jackson, MS 39217, USA.
| | - Jennifer N Sims
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Bookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Clement G Yedjou
- Molecular Toxicology Research Laboratory, NIH-Center for Environmental Health, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, 1400 Lynch Street, Box 18540, Jackson, MS 39217, USA.
| | - Paul B Tchounwou
- Molecular Toxicology Research Laboratory, NIH-Center for Environmental Health, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, 1400 Lynch Street, Box 18540, Jackson, MS 39217, USA.
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Cadmium Chloride Induces DNA Damage and Apoptosis of Human Liver Carcinoma Cells via Oxidative Stress. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016. [PMID: 26729151 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13010088]] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium is a heavy metal that has been shown to cause its toxicity in humans and animals. Many documented studies have shown that cadmium produces various genotoxic effects such as DNA damage and chromosomal aberrations. Ailments such as bone disease, renal damage, and several forms of cancer are attributed to overexposure to cadmium. Although there have been numerous studies examining the effects of cadmium in animal models and a few case studies involving communities where cadmium contamination has occurred, its molecular mechanisms of action are not fully elucidated. In this research, we hypothesized that oxidative stress plays a key role in cadmium chloride-induced toxicity, DNA damage, and apoptosis of human liver carcinoma (HepG₂) cells. To test our hypothesis, cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Lipid hydroperoxide content stress was estimated by lipid peroxidation assay. Genotoxic damage was tested by the means of alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis (Comet) assay. Cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry assessment (Annexin-V/PI assay). The result of MTT assay indicated that cadmium chloride induces toxicity to HepG₂ cells in a concentration-dependent manner, showing a 48 hr-LD50 of 3.6 µg/mL. Data generated from lipid peroxidation assay resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) increase of hydroperoxide production, specifically at the highest concentration tested. Data obtained from the Comet assay indicated that cadmium chloride causes DNA damage in HepG₂ cells in a concentration-dependent manner. A strong concentration-response relationship (p < 0.05) was recorded between annexin V positive cells and cadmium chloride exposure. In summary, these in vitro studies provide clear evidence that cadmium chloride induces oxidative stress, DNA damage, and programmed cell death in human liver carcinoma (HepG₂) cells.
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de Lapuente J, Lourenço J, Mendo SA, Borràs M, Martins MG, Costa PM, Pacheco M. The Comet Assay and its applications in the field of ecotoxicology: a mature tool that continues to expand its perspectives. Front Genet 2015; 6:180. [PMID: 26089833 PMCID: PMC4454841 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2015.00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Since Singh and colleagues, in 1988, launched to the scientific community the alkaline Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis (SCGE) protocol, or Comet Assay, its uses and applications has been increasing. The thematic areas of its current employment in the evaluation of genetic toxicity are vast, either in vitro or in vivo, both in the laboratory and in the environment, terrestrial or aquatic. It has been applied to a wide range of experimental models: bacteria, fungi, cells culture, arthropods, fishes, amphibians, reptiles, mammals, and humans. This document is intended to be a comprehensive review of what has been published to date on the field of ecotoxicology, aiming at the following main aspects: (i) to show the most relevant experimental models used as bioindicators both in the laboratory and in the field. Fishes are clearly the most adopted group, reflecting their popularity as bioindicator models, as well as a primary concern over the aquatic environment health. Amphibians are among the most sensitive organisms to environmental changes, mainly due to an early aquatic-dependent development stage and a highly permeable skin. Moreover, in the terrestrial approach, earthworms, plants or mammalians are excellent organisms to be used as experimental models for genotoxic evaluation of pollutants, complex mix of pollutants and chemicals, in both laboratory and natural environment. (ii) To review the development and modifications of the protocols used and the cell types (or tissues) used. The most recent developments concern the adoption of the enzyme linked assay (digestion with lesion-specific repair endonucleases) and prediction of the ability to repair of oxidative DNA damage, which is becoming a widespread approach, albeit challenging. For practical/technical reasons, blood is the most common choice but tissues/cells like gills, sperm cells, early larval stages, coelomocytes, liver or kidney have been also used. (iii) To highlight correlations with other biomarkers. (iv) To build a constructive criticism and summarize the needs for protocol improvements for future test applications within the field of ecotoxicology. The Comet Assay is still developing and its potential is yet underexploited in experimental models, mesocosmos or natural ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín de Lapuente
- Unit of Experimental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology (UTOX-CERETOX), Barcelona Science ParkBarcelona, Spain
| | - Joana Lourenço
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago. Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sónia A. Mendo
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago. Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Miquel Borràs
- Unit of Experimental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology (UTOX-CERETOX), Barcelona Science ParkBarcelona, Spain
| | - Marta G. Martins
- Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente, MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de LisboaCaparica, Portugal
| | - Pedro M. Costa
- Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente, MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de LisboaCaparica, Portugal
| | - Mário Pacheco
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago. Aveiro, Portugal
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Detection of Urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) Levels as a Biomarker of Oxidative DNA Damage among Home Industry Workers Exposed to Chromium. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proenv.2015.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Arsenic trioxide induces oxidative stress, DNA damage, and mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis in human leukemia (HL-60) cells. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2014; 33:42. [PMID: 24887205 PMCID: PMC4049373 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-33-42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), which accounts for approximately 10% of all acute myloid leukemia cases. It is a blood cancer that is formed by chromosomal mutation. Each year in the United States, APL affects about 1,500 patients of all age groups and causes approximately 1.2% of cancer deaths. Arsenic trioxide (ATO) has been used successfully for treatment of APL patients, and both induction and consolidated therapy have resulted in complete remission. Recently published studies from our laboratory have demonstrated that ATO pharmacology as an anti-leukemic drug is associated with cytotoxic and genotoxic effects in leukemia cells. Methods In the present study, we further investigated the detailed molecular mechanism of ATO-mediated intrinsic pathway of apoptosis; using HL-60 cells as a test model. Oxidative stress was assessed by spectrophotometric measurements of MDA and GSH levels while genotoxicity was determined by single cell gel electrophoresis (Comet assay). Apoptosis pathway was analyzed by Western blot analysis of Bax, Bcl2 and caspase 3 expression, as well as immunocytochemistry and confocal imaging of Bax and Cyt c translocation and mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization. Results ATO significantly (p < 0.05) induces oxidative stress, DNA damage, and caspase 3 activityin HL-60 cells in a dose-dependent manner. It also activated the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis by significantly modulating (p < 0.05) the expression and translocation of apoptotic molecules and decreasing the mitochondrial membrane potential in leukemia cells. Conclusion Taken together, our research demonstrated that ATO induces mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis in HL-60 cells. This apoptotic signaling is modulated via oxidative stress, DNA damage, and change in mitochondrial membrane potential, translocation and upregulation of apoptotic proteins leading programmed cell death.
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