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Ahmed NM, Mohamed MS, Awad SM, Abd El-Hameed RH, El-tawab NAA, Gaballah MS, Said AM. Design, synthesis, molecular modelling and biological evaluation of novel 6-amino-5-cyano-2-thiopyrimidine derivatives as potent anticancer agents against leukemia and apoptotic inducers. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2024; 39:2304625. [PMID: 38348824 PMCID: PMC10866072 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2024.2304625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Herein, a novel series of 6-amino-5-cyano-2-thiopyrimidines and condensed pyrimidines analogues were prepared. All the synthesized compounds (1a-c, 2a-c, 3a-c, 4a-r and 5a-c) were evaluated for in vitro anticancer activity by the National Cancer Institute (NCI; MD, USA) against 60 cell lines. Compound 1c showed promising anticancer activity and was selected for the five-dose testing. Results demonstrated that compound 1c possessed broad spectrum anti-cancer activity against the nine cancerous subpanels tested with selectivity ratio ranging from 0.7 to 39 at the GI50 level with high selectivity towards leukaemia. Mechanistic studies showed that Compound 1c showed comparable activity to Duvelisib against PI3Kδ (IC50 = 0.0034 and 0.0025 μM, respectively) and arrested cell cycle at the S phase and displayed significant increase in the early and late apoptosis in HL60 and leukaemia SR cells. The necrosis percentage showed a significant increase from 1.13% to 3.41% in compound 1c treated HL60 cells as well as from 1.51% to 4.72% in compound 1c treated leukaemia SR cells. Also, compound 1c triggered apoptosis by activating caspase 3, Bax, P53 and suppressing Bcl2. Moreover, 1c revealed a good safety profile against human normal lung fibroblast cell line (WI-38 cells). Molecular analysis of Duvelisib and compound 1c in PI3K was performed. Finally, these results suggest that 2-thiopyrimidine derivative 1c might serve as a model for designing novel anticancer drugs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naglaa M. Ahmed
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Helwan University, Ein-Helwan, Egypt
| | - Mosaad S. Mohamed
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Helwan University, Ein-Helwan, Egypt
| | - Samir M. Awad
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Helwan University, Ein-Helwan, Egypt
| | | | | | - Mohamed S. Gaballah
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Helwan University, Ein-Helwan, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Said
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Helwan University, Ein-Helwan, Egypt
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, USA
- Athenex Inc, Buffalo, NY, USA
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2
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McDuffie EL, Panettieri RA, Scott CP. G 12/13 signaling in asthma. Respir Res 2024; 25:295. [PMID: 39095798 PMCID: PMC11297630 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02920-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Shortening of airway smooth muscle and bronchoconstriction are pathognomonic for asthma. Airway shortening occurs through calcium-dependent activation of myosin light chain kinase, and RhoA-dependent calcium sensitization, which inhibits myosin light chain phosphatase. The mechanism through which pro-contractile stimuli activate calcium sensitization is poorly understood. Our review of the literature suggests that pro-contractile G protein coupled receptors likely signal through G12/13 to activate RhoA and mediate calcium sensitization. This hypothesis is consistent with the effects of pro-contractile agonists on RhoA and Rho kinase activation, actin polymerization and myosin light chain phosphorylation. Recognizing the likely role of G12/13 signaling in the pathophysiology of asthma rationalizes the effects of pro-contractile stimuli on airway hyperresponsiveness, immune activation and airway remodeling, and suggests new approaches for asthma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth L McDuffie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Reynold A Panettieri
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, Child Health Institute, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Charles P Scott
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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3
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Darlami O, Pun R, Ahn SH, Kim SH, Shin D. Macrocyclization strategy for improving candidate profiles in medicinal chemistry. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 272:116501. [PMID: 38754142 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Macrocycles are defined as cyclic compounds with 12 or more members. In medicinal chemistry, they are categorized based on their core chemistry into cyclic peptides and macrocycles. Macrocycles are advantageous because of their structural diversity and ability to achieve high affinity and selectivity towards challenging targets that are often not addressable by conventional small molecules. The potential of macrocyclization to optimize drug-like properties while maintaining adequate bioavailability and permeability has been emphasized as a key innovation in medicinal chemistry. This review provides a detailed case study of the application of macrocyclization over the past 5 years, starting from the initial analysis of acyclic active compounds to optimization of the resulting macrocycles for improved efficacy and drug-like properties. Additionally, it illustrates the strategic value of macrocyclization in contemporary drug discovery efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Om Darlami
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Hambakmoe-ro 191, Yeunsu-gu, Incheon, 21935, Republic of Korea
| | - Rabin Pun
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Hambakmoe-ro 191, Yeunsu-gu, Incheon, 21935, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Ahn
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Gangwondaehak-gil 1, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Ho Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Gangwondaehak-gil 1, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, 24341, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dongyun Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Hambakmoe-ro 191, Yeunsu-gu, Incheon, 21935, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Tufail M, Hu JJ, Liang J, He CY, Wan WD, Huang YQ, Jiang CH, Wu H, Li N. Predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine in breast cancer: targeting the PI3K pathway. J Transl Med 2024; 22:15. [PMID: 38172946 PMCID: PMC10765967 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04841-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a multifaceted disease characterized by distinct molecular subtypes and varying responses to treatment. In BC, the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway has emerged as a crucial contributor to the development, advancement, and resistance to treatment. This review article explores the implications of the PI3K pathway in predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine for BC. It emphasizes the identification of predictive biomarkers, such as PIK3CA mutations, and the utility of molecular profiling in guiding treatment decisions. The review also discusses the potential of targeting the PI3K pathway for preventive strategies and the customization of therapy based on tumor stage, molecular subtypes, and genetic alterations. Overcoming resistance to PI3K inhibitors and exploring combination therapies are addressed as important considerations. While this field holds promise in improving patient outcomes, further research and clinical trials are needed to validate these approaches and translate them into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tufail
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jia-Ju Hu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Liang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Cai-Yun He
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wen-Dong Wan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu-Qi Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Can-Hua Jiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Oral Precancerous Lesions, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Tumor, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
- Institute of Oral Precancerous Lesions, Central South University, Changsha, China.
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Tumor, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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5
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Wylaź M, Kaczmarska A, Pajor D, Hryniewicki M, Gil D, Dulińska-Litewka J. Exploring the role of PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors in hormone-related cancers: A focus on breast and prostate cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115676. [PMID: 37832401 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) and prostate cancer (PC) are at the top of the list when it comes to the most common types of cancers worldwide. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is important, in that it strongly influences the development and progression of these tumors. Previous studies have emphasized the key role of inhibitors of the PIK3/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in the treatment of BC and PC, and it remains to be a crucial method of treatment. In this review, the inhibitors of these signaling pathways are compared, as well as their effectiveness in therapy and potential as therapeutic agents. The use of these inhibitors as polytherapy is evaluated, especially with the use of hormonal therapy, which has shown promising results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Wylaź
- Student Scientific Group at Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Biochemistry, ul. Mikołaja Kopernika Street 7C, 31-034 Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Kaczmarska
- Student Scientific Group at Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Biochemistry, ul. Mikołaja Kopernika Street 7C, 31-034 Krakow, Poland
| | - Dawid Pajor
- Student Scientific Group at Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Biochemistry, ul. Mikołaja Kopernika Street 7C, 31-034 Krakow, Poland
| | - Matthew Hryniewicki
- Student Scientific Group at Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Biochemistry, ul. Mikołaja Kopernika Street 7C, 31-034 Krakow, Poland
| | - Dorota Gil
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Mikołaja Kopernika Street 7C, 31-034 Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Dulińska-Litewka
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Mikołaja Kopernika Street 7C, 31-034 Krakow, Poland.
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6
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Sehhat Z, Mansoori S, Arvinnezhad H, Naghdi Y, Samadi S. Application of chiral Betti base-copper complexes in enantioselective allylic oxidation of olefins, computational studies of the Betti bases, and docking of the resulting chiral allylic esters. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2023.113011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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7
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Ghaemi Z, Soltani BM, Mowla SJ. ErbB4-encoded novel miRNAs act as tumor suppressors by regulating ErbB/PI3K signaling. Tumour Biol 2022; 44:215-230. [DOI: 10.3233/tub-211570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: ErbB/PI3K signaling is widely recognized as a critical modulator of malignancy and miRNAs have been found to play a crucial role in the regulation of this pathway. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to identify novel miRNAs related to the ErbBs loci and investigate the functional effects of these miRNAs on ErbB/PI3K signaling in cancer progression. MATERIALS and METHODS: Bioinformatics tools and RNA-seq data were used to discover novel miRNAs in breast and colon cancer cells. Gene expression levels were determined using RT-qPCR. Western blotting and dual-luciferase assays were used to identify the regulatory mechanism between ErbB4-miR1/2 and related genes. The effects of ErbB4-miR1/2 on cell proliferation, viability, ROS production, and migration were assessed by PI-flow cytometry, colony formation, MTT, ROS, scratch, and transwell assays in SKBR3 and SW480 cells. RESULTS: MicroRNA prediction tools, RNA-seq data, RT-qPCR, and sequencing results identified ErbB4-miR1 and ErbB4-miR2 (ErbB4-miR1/2) as novel miRNAs encoded by ErbB4 gene. ErbB4-miR1/2 were downregulated in breast and colon tumor tissues and also in different cancerous cells. RT-qPCR and dual-luciferase assays revealed that ErbB2 and ErbB3 genes are regulated by ErbB4-miR1/2. Consistently, a decrease in the p-AKT/AKT protein ratio verified the suppressive effect of ErbB4-miR1/2 on ErbB/PI3K activity. Furthermore, ErbB4-miR1/2 overexpression suppressed cell proliferation, viability, and migration, and increased ROS production. CONCLUSIONS: ErbB4-miR1/2 are novel tumor suppressor miRNAs which attenuate ErbB/PI3K signaling in breast and colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ghaemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahram M. Soltani
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Javad Mowla
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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8
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Synthesis, in-silico, and in-vitro study of novel chloro methylquinazolinones as PI3K-δ inhibitors, cytotoxic agents. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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9
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Kurabi A, Pak K, Chavez E, Doan J, Ryan AF. A transcytotic transport mechanism across the tympanic membrane. Sci Rep 2022; 12:984. [PMID: 35046419 PMCID: PMC8770641 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04748-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug treatments for middle ear diseases are currently delivered systemically, or locally after opening the impermeable tympanic membrane (TM). We previously used bacteriophage display to discover novel peptides that are actively transported across the intact TM, with a variety of transport rates. Peptide structures were analyzed for evidence regarding the mechanism for this unexpected transport, which was then tested by the application of chemical inhibitors. Primary sequences indicated that trans-TM peptides share one of two amino acid motifs. Secondary structures revealed that linear configurations associate with higher transport rates than coiled structures. Tertiary analysis indicated that the shared sequence motifs are prominently displayed at the free ends of rapidly transported peptide phage. The shared motifs were evaluated for similarity to known motifs. The highest probability matches were for protein motifs involved in transmembrane transport and exosomes. Overall, structural findings suggest that the shared motifs represent binding sequences. They also implicate transcytosis, a polarized cell transport mechanism consisting of endocytosis, transcellular transport, and exocytosis. Inhibitor studies indicated that macropinocytosis, retrograde transport through Golgi and exocytosis participate in transport across the TM, consistent with transcytosis. This process can be harnessed to noninvasively deliver therapeutics to the middle ear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arwa Kurabi
- Department of Surgery/Otolaryngology, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0666, USA.
- San Diego VA Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Kwang Pak
- Department of Surgery/Otolaryngology, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0666, USA
| | - Eduardo Chavez
- Department of Surgery/Otolaryngology, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0666, USA
| | - Jennifer Doan
- Department of Biology, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Allen F Ryan
- Department of Surgery/Otolaryngology, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0666, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, USA
- San Diego VA Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA, USA
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10
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Parkman GL, Foth M, Kircher DA, Holmen SL, McMahon M. The role of PI3'-lipid signalling in melanoma initiation, progression and maintenance. Exp Dermatol 2022; 31:43-56. [PMID: 34717019 PMCID: PMC8724390 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol-3'-kinases (PI3Ks) are a family of lipid kinases that phosphorylate the 3' hydroxyl (OH) of the inositol ring of phosphatidylinositides (PI). Through their downstream effectors, PI3K generated lipids (PI3K-lipids hereafter) such as PI(3,4,5)P3 and PI(3,4)P2 regulate myriad biochemical and biological processes in both normal and cancer cells including responses to growth hormones and cytokines; the cell division cycle; cell death; cellular growth; angiogenesis; membrane dynamics; and autophagy and many aspects of cellular metabolism. Engagement of receptor tyrosine kinase by their cognate ligands leads to activation of members of the Class I family of PI3'-kinases (PI3Kα, β, δ & γ) leading to accumulation of PI3K-lipids. Importantly, PI3K-lipid accumulation is antagonized by the hydrolytic action of a number of PI3K-lipid phosphatases, most notably the melanoma suppressor PTEN (lipid phosphatase and tensin homologue). Downstream of PI3K-lipid production, the protein kinases AKT1-3 are believed to be key effectors of PI3'-kinase signalling in cells. Indeed, in preclinical models, activation of the PI3K→AKT signalling axis cooperates with alterations such as expression of the BRAFV600E oncoprotein kinase to promote melanoma progression and metastasis. In this review, we describe the different classes of PI3K-lipid effectors, and how they may promote melanomagenesis, influence the tumour microenvironment, melanoma maintenance and progression to metastatic disease. We also provide an update on both FDA-approved or experimental inhibitors of the PI3K→AKT pathway that are currently being evaluated for the treatment of melanoma either in preclinical models or in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennie L. Parkman
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Mona Foth
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - David A. Kircher
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Sheri L. Holmen
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Martin McMahon
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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11
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Elmenier FM, Lasheen DS, Abouzid KAM. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of new thieno[2,3- d] pyrimidine derivatives as targeted therapy for PI3K with molecular modelling study. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 37:315-332. [PMID: 34955086 PMCID: PMC8725920 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.2010729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most aggressive diseases characterised by abnormal growth and uncontrolled cell division. PI3K is a lipid kinase involved in cancer progression which makes it fruitful target for cancer control. 28 new morpholine based thieno[2,3-d] pyrimidine derivatives were designed and synthesised as anti-PI3K agents maintaining the common pharmacophoric features of several potent PI3K inhibitors. Their antiproliferative activity on NCI 60 cell lines as well as their enzymatic activity against PI3K isoforms were evaluated. Three compounds revealed good cytotoxic activities against breast cancer cell lines, especially T-47D. Compound VIb exhibited the best enzymatic inhibitory activity (72% & 84% on PI3Kβ & PI3Kγ), respectively and good activity on most NCI cell lines especially those with over expressed PI3K. Docking was carried out into PI3K active site which showed comparable binding mode to that of the PI-103 inhibitor. Compound VIb could be optimised to serve as a new chemical entity for discovering new anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma M Elmenier
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Deena S Lasheen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khaled A M Abouzid
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Sadat City, Menoufia, Egypt
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12
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Kuchroo JR, Hafler DA, Sharpe AH, Lucca LE. The double-edged sword: Harnessing PD-1 blockade in tumor and autoimmunity. Sci Immunol 2021; 6:eabf4034. [PMID: 34739340 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abf4034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhi R Kuchroo
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Evergrande Center for Immunological Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David A Hafler
- Departments of Neurology and Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Arlene H Sharpe
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Evergrande Center for Immunological Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Liliana E Lucca
- Departments of Neurology and Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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13
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Sargazi S, Mukhtar M, Rahdar A, Barani M, Pandey S, Díez-Pascual AM. Active Targeted Nanoparticles for Delivery of Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase (PARP) Inhibitors: A Preliminary Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10319. [PMID: 34638660 PMCID: PMC8508934 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has revolutionized novel drug delivery strategies through establishing nanoscale drug carriers, such as niosomes, liposomes, nanomicelles, dendrimers, polymeric micelles, and nanoparticles (NPs). Owing to their desirable cancer-targeting efficacy and controlled release, these nanotherapeutic modalities are broadly used in clinics to improve the efficacy of small-molecule inhibitors. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) family members engage in various intracellular processes, including DNA repair, gene transcription, signal transduction, cell cycle regulation, cell division, and antioxidant response. PARP inhibitors are synthetic small-molecules that have emerged as one of the most successful innovative strategies for targeted therapy in cancer cells harboring mutations in DNA repair genes. Despite these advances, drug resistance and unwanted side effects are two significant drawbacks to using PARP inhibitors in the clinic. Recently, the development of practical nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems has tremendously improved the efficacy of PARP inhibitors. NPs can specifically accumulate in the leaky vasculature of the tumor and cancer cells and release the chemotherapeutic moiety in the tumor microenvironment. On the contrary, NPs are usually unable to permeate across the body's normal organs and tissues; hence the toxicity is zero to none. NPs can modify the release of encapsulated drugs based on the composition of the coating substance. Delivering PARP inhibitors without modulation often leads to the toxic effect; therefore, a delivery vehicle is essential to encapsulate them. Various nanocarriers have been exploited to deliver PARP inhibitors in different cancers. Through this review, we hope to cast light on the most innovative advances in applying PARP inhibitors for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saman Sargazi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan 9816743463, Iran;
| | - Mahwash Mukhtar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eötvös utca 6, 6720 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Abbas Rahdar
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zabol, Zabol 538-98615, Iran;
| | - Mahmood Barani
- Medical Mycology and Bacteriology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616913555, Iran;
| | - Sadanad Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea; or
| | - Ana M. Díez-Pascual
- Universidad de Alcalá, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.6, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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14
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Liu K, Li D, Zheng W, Shi M, Chen Y, Tang M, Yang T, Zhao M, Deng D, Zhang C, Liu J, Yuan X, Yang Z, Chen L. Discovery, Optimization, and Evaluation of Quinazolinone Derivatives with Novel Linkers as Orally Efficacious Phosphoinositide-3-Kinase Delta Inhibitors for Treatment of Inflammatory Diseases. J Med Chem 2021; 64:8951-8970. [PMID: 34138567 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Guided by molecular docking, a commonly used open-chain linker was cyclized into a five-membered pyrrolidine to lock the overall conformation of the propeller-shaped molecule. Different substituents were introduced into the pyrrolidine moiety to block oxidative metabolism. Surprisingly, it was found that a small methyl substituent could be used to alleviate the oxidative metabolism of pyrrolidine while maintaining or enhancing potency, which could be described as a "magic methyl". Further optimization around the "3rd blade" of the propeller led to identification of a series of potent and selective PI3Kδ inhibitors. Among them, compound 50 afforded an optimum balance of PK profiles and potency. Oral administration of 50 attenuated the arthritis severity in a dose-dependent manner in a collagen-induced arthritis model without obvious toxicity. Furthermore, 50 demonstrated excellent pharmacokinetic properties with high bioavailability, suggesting that 50 might be an acceptable candidate for treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kongjun Liu
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dan Li
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mingsong Shi
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Minghai Tang
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dexin Deng
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chufeng Zhang
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xue Yuan
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhuang Yang
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China.,Chengdu Zenitar Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China.,Chengdu Zenitar Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610041, China
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15
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Borges JP, Mekhail K, Fairn GD, Antonescu CN, Steinberg BE. Modulation of Pathological Pain by Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:642820. [PMID: 34054523 PMCID: PMC8149758 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.642820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain has been widely recognized as a major public health problem that impacts multiple aspects of patient quality of life. Unfortunately, chronic pain is often resistant to conventional analgesics, which are further limited by their various side effects. New therapeutic strategies and targets are needed to better serve the millions of people suffering from this devastating disease. To this end, recent clinical and preclinical studies have implicated the epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway in chronic pain states. EGFR is one of four members of the ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases that have key roles in development and the progression of many cancers. EGFR functions by activating many intracellular signaling pathways following binding of various ligands to the receptor. Several of these signaling pathways, such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, are known mediators of pain. EGFR inhibitors are known for their use as cancer therapeutics but given recent evidence in pilot clinical and preclinical investigations, may have clinical use for treating chronic pain. Here, we review the clinical and preclinical evidence implicating EGFR in pathological pain states and provide an overview of EGFR signaling highlighting how EGFR and its ligands drive pain hypersensitivity and interact with important pain pathways such as the opioid system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jazlyn P Borges
- Neurosciences and Mental Health Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Katrina Mekhail
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gregory D Fairn
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Costin N Antonescu
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Benjamin E Steinberg
- Neurosciences and Mental Health Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
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16
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Jenkins Y, Zabkiewicz J, Ottmann O, Jones N. Tinkering under the Hood: Metabolic Optimisation of CAR-T Cell Therapy. Antibodies (Basel) 2021; 10:antib10020017. [PMID: 33925949 PMCID: PMC8167549 DOI: 10.3390/antib10020017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells are one of the most exciting areas of immunotherapy to date. Clinically available CAR-T cells are used to treat advanced haematological B-cell malignancies with complete remission achieved at around 30-40%. Unfortunately, CAR-T cell success rates are even less impressive when considering a solid tumour. Reasons for this include the paucity of tumour specific targets and greater degree of co-expression on normal tissues. However, there is accumulating evidence that considerable competition for nutrients such as carbohydrates and amino acids within the tumour microenvironment (TME) coupled with immunosuppression result in mitochondrial dysfunction, exhaustion, and subsequent CAR-T cell depletion. In this review, we will examine research avenues being pursued to dissect the various mechanisms contributing to the immunosuppressive TME and outline in vitro strategies currently under investigation that focus on boosting the metabolic program of CAR-T cells as a mechanism to overcome the immunosuppressive TME. Various in vitro and in vivo techniques boost oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial fitness in CAR-T cells, resulting in an enhanced central memory T cell compartment and increased anti-tumoural immunity. These include intracellular metabolic enhancers and extracellular in vitro culture optimisation pre-infusion. It is likely that the next generation of CAR-T products will incorporate these elements of metabolic manipulation in CAR-T cell design and manufacture. Given the importance of immunometabolism and T cell function, it is critical that we identify ways to metabolically armour CAR-T cells to overcome the hostile TME and increase clinical efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Jenkins
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK;
| | - Joanna Zabkiewicz
- Experimental Cancer Medicine Center, Department of Haematology, Heath Hospital, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK; (J.Z.); (O.O.)
| | - Oliver Ottmann
- Experimental Cancer Medicine Center, Department of Haematology, Heath Hospital, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK; (J.Z.); (O.O.)
| | - Nicholas Jones
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK;
- Correspondence:
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17
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Wright SCE, Vasilevski N, Serra V, Rodon J, Eichhorn PJA. Mechanisms of Resistance to PI3K Inhibitors in Cancer: Adaptive Responses, Drug Tolerance and Cellular Plasticity. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13071538. [PMID: 33810522 PMCID: PMC8037590 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) pathway plays a central role in the regulation of several signalling cascades which regulate biological processes such as cellular growth, survival, proliferation, motility and angiogenesis. The hyperactivation of this pathway is linked to tumour progression and is one of the most common events in human cancers. Additionally, aberrant activation of the PI3K pathway has been demonstrated to limit the effectiveness of a number of anti-tumour agents paving the way for the development and implementation of PI3K inhibitors in the clinic. However, the overall effectiveness of these compounds has been greatly limited by inadequate target engagement due to reactivation of the pathway by compensatory mechanisms. Herein, we review the common adaptive responses that lead to reactivation of the PI3K pathway, therapy resistance and potential strategies to overcome these mechanisms of resistance. Furthermore, we highlight the potential role in changes in cellular plasticity and PI3K inhibitor resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Christine Elisabeth Wright
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia;
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute and Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
- Correspondence: (S.C.E.W.); (N.V.)
| | - Natali Vasilevski
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia;
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute and Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
- Correspondence: (S.C.E.W.); (N.V.)
| | - Violeta Serra
- Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Jordi Rodon
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Investigational Cancer Therapeutics Department, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Pieter Johan Adam Eichhorn
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia;
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute and Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
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18
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Maimaiti R, Zhu C, Zhang Y, Ding Q, Guo W. RBM20-Mediated Pre-mRNA Splicing Has Muscle-Specificity and Differential Hormonal Responses between Muscles and in Muscle Cell Cultures. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2928. [PMID: 33805770 PMCID: PMC7999644 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre-mRNA splicing plays an important role in muscle function and diseases. The RNA binding motif 20 (RBM20) is a splicing factor that is predominantly expressed in muscle tissues and primarily regulates pre-mRNA splicing of Ttn, encoding a giant muscle protein titin that is responsible for muscle function and diseases. RBM20-mediated Ttn splicing has been mostly studied in heart muscle, but not in skeletal muscle. In this study, we investigated splicing specificity in different muscle types in Rbm20 knockout rats and hormonal effects on RBM20-mediated splicing both in cellulo and in vivo studies. The results revealed that RBM20 is differentially expressed across muscles and RBM20-mediated splicing is muscle-type specific. In the presence of RBM20, Ttn splicing responds to hormones in a muscle-type dependent manner, while in the absence of RBM20, Ttn splicing is not affected by hormones. In differentiated and undifferentiated C2C12 cells, RBM20-mediated splicing in response to hormonal effects is mainly through genomic signaling pathway. The knowledge gained from this study may help further understand muscle-specific gene splicing in response to hormone stimuli in different muscle types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rexiati Maimaiti
- Animal Science Department, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA; (R.M.); (C.Z.)
| | - Chaoqun Zhu
- Animal Science Department, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA; (R.M.); (C.Z.)
| | - Yanghai Zhang
- Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (Y.Z.); (Q.D.)
| | - Qiyue Ding
- Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (Y.Z.); (Q.D.)
| | - Wei Guo
- Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (Y.Z.); (Q.D.)
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19
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Xiang HY, Wang X, Chen YH, Zhang X, Tan C, Wang Y, Su Y, Gao ZW, Chen XY, Xiong B, Gao ZB, Chen Y, Ding J, Meng LH, Yang CH. Identification of methyl (5-(6-((4-(methylsulfonyl)piperazin-1-yl)methyl)-4-morpholinopyrrolo[2,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-2-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate (CYH33) as an orally bioavailable, highly potent, PI3K alpha inhibitor for the treatment of advanced solid tumors. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 209:112913. [PMID: 33109399 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In various human cancers, PI3Ks pathway is ubiquitously dysregulated and thus become a promising anti-cancer target. To discover new potent and selective PI3K inhibitors as potential anticancer drugs, new pyrrolo[2,1-f][1,2,4]triazines were designed, leading to the discovery of compound 37 (CYH33), a selective PI3Kα inhibitor (IC50 = 5.9 nM, β/α, δ/α,γ/α = 101-, 13-, 38-fold). Western blot analysis confirmed that compound 37 could inhibit phosphorylation of AKT in human cancer cells to modulate the cellular PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. And further evaluation in vivo against SKOV-3 xenograft models demonstrated that a dose-dependent antitumor efficacy was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Yue Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Yan-Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Cun Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Yi Wang
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Yi Su
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Zhi-Wei Gao
- Center for Drug Metabolism Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yan Chen
- Center for Drug Metabolism Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Bing Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Zhao-Bing Gao
- Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Yi Chen
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Jian Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; Shanghai HaiHe Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Shanghai, 201203, PR China.
| | - Ling-Hua Meng
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, PR China.
| | - Chun-Hao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, PR China.
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20
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Donoso F, Schverer M, Rea K, Pusceddu MM, Roy BL, Dinan TG, Cryan JF, Schellekens H. Neurobiological effects of phospholipids in vitro: Relevance to stress-related disorders. Neurobiol Stress 2020; 13:100252. [PMID: 33344707 PMCID: PMC7739190 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2020.100252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutrition is a crucial component for maintenance of brain function and mental health. Accumulating evidence suggests that certain molecular compounds derived from diet can exert neuroprotective effects against chronic stress, and moreover improve important neuronal processes vulnerable to the stress response, such as plasticity and neurogenesis. Phospholipids are naturally occurring amphipathic molecules with promising potential to promote brain health. However, it is unclear whether phospholipids are able to modulate neuronal function directly under a stress-related context. In this study, we investigate the neuroprotective effects of phosphatidylcholine (PC), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidic acid (PA), sphingomyelin (SM) and cardiolipin (CL) against corticosterone (CORT)-induced cytotoxicity in primary cultured rat cortical neurons. In addition, we examine their capacity to modulate proliferation and differentiation of hippocampal neural progenitor cells (NPCs). We show that PS, PG and PE can reverse CORT-induced cytotoxicity and neuronal depletion in cortical cells. On the other hand, phospholipid exposure was unable to prevent the decrease of Bdnf expression produced by CORT. Interestingly, PS was able to increase hippocampal NPCs neurosphere size, and PE elicited a significant increase in astrocytic differentiation in hippocampal NPCs. Together, these results indicate that specific phospholipids protect cortical cells against CORT-induced cytotoxicity and improve proliferation and astrocytic differentiation in hippocampal NPCs, suggesting potential implications on neurodevelopmental and neuroprotective pathways relevant for stress-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Donoso
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Department of Psychiatry & Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Marina Schverer
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Kieran Rea
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | | | - Timothy G Dinan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Department of Psychiatry & Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - John F Cryan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Department of Anatomy & Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Harriët Schellekens
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Department of Anatomy & Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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21
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Liao TJ, Jang H, Fushman D, Nussinov R. SOS1 interacts with Grb2 through regions that induce closed nSH3 conformations. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:045106. [PMID: 32752665 PMCID: PMC7390601 DOI: 10.1063/5.0013926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Grb2 is an adaptor protein connecting the epidermal growth factor receptor and the downstream Son of sevenless 1 (SOS1), a Ras-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor (RasGEF), which exchanges GDP by GTP. Grb2 contains three SH domains: N-terminal SH3 (nSH3), SH2, and C-terminal SH3 (cSH3). The C-terminal proline-rich (PR) domain of SOS1 regulates nSH3 open/closed conformations. Earlier, several nSH3 binding motifs were identified in the PR domain. More recently, we characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance and replica exchange simulations possible cSH3 binding regions. Among them, we discovered a cSH3-specific binding region. However, how PR binding at these sites regulates the nSH3/cSH3 conformation has been unclear. Here, we explore the nSH3/cSH3 interaction with linked and truncated PR segments using molecular dynamics simulations. Our 248 μs simulations include 620 distinct trajectories, each 400 ns. We construct the effective free energy landscape to validate the nSH3/cSH3 binding sites. The nSH3/cSH3-SOS1 peptide complex models indicate that strong peptide binders attract the flexible nSH3 n-Src loop, inducing a closed conformation of nSH3; by contrast, the cSH3 conformation remains unchanged. Inhibitors that disrupt the Ras-SOS1 interaction have been designed; the conformational details uncovered here may assist in the design of polypeptides inhibiting Grb2-SOS1 interaction, thus SOS1 recruitment to the membrane where Ras resides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hyunbum Jang
- Computational Structural Biology Section, Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
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22
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Spencer JA, Baldwin IR, Barton N, Chung CW, Convery MA, Edwards CD, Jamieson C, Mallett DN, Rowedder JE, Rowland P, Thomas DA, Hardy CJ. Design and Development of a Macrocyclic Series Targeting Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase δ. ACS Med Chem Lett 2020; 11:1386-1391. [PMID: 32676144 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A macrocyclization approach has been explored on a series of benzoxazine phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ inhibitors, resulting in compounds with improved potency, permeability, and in vivo clearance while maintaining good solubility. The thermodynamics of binding was explored via surface plasmon resonance, and the binding of lead macrocycle 19 was found to be almost exclusively entropically driven compared with progenitor 18, which demonstrated both enthalpic and entropic contributions. The pharmacokinetics of macrocycle 19 was also explored in vivo, where it showed reduced clearance when compared with the progenitor 18. This work adds to the growing body of evidence that macrocyclization could provide an alternative and complementary approach to the design of small-molecule inhibitors, with the potential to deliver differentiated properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A. Spencer
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, United Kingdom
| | - Ian R. Baldwin
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Nick Barton
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Chun-Wa Chung
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Máire A. Convery
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | | | - Craig Jamieson
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, United Kingdom
| | - David N. Mallett
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - James E. Rowedder
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Rowland
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel A. Thomas
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte J. Hardy
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
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23
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Recent discovery of phosphoinositide 3-kinase γ inhibitors for the treatment of immune diseases and cancers. Future Med Chem 2020; 11:2151-2169. [PMID: 31538525 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2019-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, PI3Kγ, a vital kinase, which involved in numerous intracellular signaling pathways, has been considered as a promising drug target for the treatment of immune diseases and certain cancers. Before the 21st century, few selective PI3Kγ inhibitors were discovered because no non-conserved structure in the ATP binding sites of PI3Kγ had been found. Since the discovery of the non-ATP binding pocket, the reported structures of potent and selective PI3Kγ inhibitors have become more diverse, and one compound (IPI549) has entered Phase I clinical trial. This review centers on a general overview of PI3Kγ inhibitors in clinical and preclinical as well as further therapeutic applications in human diseases.
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24
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Design, synthesis and antiproliferative activity evaluation of a series of pyrrolo[2,1-f][1,2,4]triazine derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127194. [PMID: 32317209 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A series of 6-aminocarbonyl pyrrolo[2,1-f][1,2,4]triazine derivatives were designed by scaffold hopping strategy. The IC50 values of compound 14a against PI3Ks were measured, showing selective activity against p110α and p110δ with IC50s of 122 nM and 119 nM respectively. All the synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against human cancer cells by SRB assay. Compounds 14a, 14p and 14q exhibited potent antiproliferative activity against five types of human cancer cells and the PK property of 14q was also investigated here.
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25
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Liao TJ, Jang H, Nussinov R, Fushman D. High-Affinity Interactions of the nSH3/cSH3 Domains of Grb2 with the C-Terminal Proline-Rich Domain of SOS1. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:3401-3411. [PMID: 31970984 PMCID: PMC8459210 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b10710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Grb2 is an adaptor protein that recruits Ras-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor, Son of Sevenless 1 (SOS1), to the plasma membrane. SOS1 exchanges GDP by GTP, activating Ras. Grb2 consists of an SH2 domain flanked by N- and C-terminal SH3 domains (nSH3/cSH3). Grb2 nSH3/cSH3 domains have strong binding affinity for the SOS1 proline-rich (PR) domain that mediates the Grb2-SOS1 interaction. The nSH3/cSH3 domains have distinct preferred binding motifs: PxxPxR for nSH3 and PxxxRxxKP for cSH3 (x represents any natural amino acid). Several nSH3-binding motifs have been identified in the SOS1 PR domain but none specific for cSH3 binding. Even though both nSH3 and cSH3 exhibit the strongest binding to the SOS1 peptide PVPPPVPPRRRP, this mutually exclusive binding combined with other potential nSH3/cSH3 binding regions in SOS1 makes understanding the Grb2-SOS1 interaction challenging. To identify the SOS1-cSH3 binding sites, we selected seven potential binding segments in SOS1. The synthesized peptides were tested for their binding to nSH3/cSH3. Our NMR data reveal that the PKLPPKTYKREH peptide has strong binding affinity for cSH3, but very weak for nSH3. The binding specificity suggests that the most likely Grb2-SOS1 binding mode is through nSH3-PVPPPVPPRRRP and cSH3-PKLPPKTYKREH interactions, which is supported by replica-exchange simulations for the Grb2-SOS1 complex models. We propose that nSH3/cSH3 binding peptides, which effectively interrupt Grb2-SOS1 association, can serve as tumor suppressors. The Grb2-SOS1 mechanism outlined here offers new venues for future therapeutic strategies for upstream mutations in cancer, such as in EGFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Jen Liao
- Biophysics Program, Institute for Physical Science and Technology , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
- Computational Structural Biology Section, Basic Science Program , Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research , Frederick , Maryland 21702 , United States
| | - Hyunbum Jang
- Computational Structural Biology Section, Basic Science Program , Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research , Frederick , Maryland 21702 , United States
| | - Ruth Nussinov
- Computational Structural Biology Section, Basic Science Program , Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research , Frederick , Maryland 21702 , United States
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv 69978 , Israel
| | - David Fushman
- Biophysics Program, Institute for Physical Science and Technology , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Organization , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
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Skotland T, Sagini K, Sandvig K, Llorente A. An emerging focus on lipids in extracellular vesicles. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 159:308-321. [PMID: 32151658 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles contain a lipid bilayer membrane that protects the encapsulated material, such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and metabolites, from the extracellular environment. These vesicles are released from cells via different mechanisms. During recent years extracellular vesicles have been studied as possible biomarkers for different diseases, as biological nanoparticles for drug delivery, and in basic studies as a tool to understand the structure of biological membranes and the mechanisms involved in vesicular trafficking. Lipids are essential molecular components of extracellular vesicles, but at the moment our knowledge about the lipid composition and the function of lipids in these vesicles is limited. However, the interest of the research community in these molecules is increasing as their role in extracellular vesicles is starting to be acknowledged. In this review, we will present the status of the field and describe what is needed to bring it forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tore Skotland
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway
| | - Krizia Sagini
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway
| | - Kirsten Sandvig
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Alicia Llorente
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway.
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27
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Phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) inhibitors as new weapon to combat cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 183:111718. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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28
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Barnes L, Blaber H, Brooks DTK, Byers L, Buckley D, Byron ZC, Chilvers RG, Cochrane L, Cooney E, Damian HA, Francis L, Fu He D, Grace JMJ, Green HJ, Hogarth EJP, Jusu L, Killalea CE, King O, Lambert J, Lee ZJ, Lima NS, Long CL, Mackinnon ML, Mahdy S, Matthews-Wright J, Millward MJ, Meehan MF, Merrett C, Morrison L, Parke HRI, Payne C, Payne L, Pike C, Seal A, Senior AJ, Smith KM, Stanelyte K, Stillibrand J, Szpara R, Taday FFH, Threadgould AM, Trainor RJ, Waters J, Williams O, Wong CKW, Wood K, Barton N, Gruszka A, Henley Z, Rowedder JE, Cookson R, Jones KL, Nadin A, Smith IE, Macdonald SJF, Nortcliffe A. Free-Wilson Analysis of Comprehensive Data on Phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) Inhibitors Reveals Importance of N-Methylation for PI3Kδ Activity. J Med Chem 2019; 62:10402-10422. [PMID: 31647659 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Phosphoinositide-3-kinase δ (PI3Kδ) is a critical regulator of cell growth and transformation and has been explored as a therapeutic target for a range of diseases. Through the exploration of the thienopyrimidine scaffold, we have identified a ligand-efficient methylation that leads to remarkable selectivity for PI3Kδ over the closely related isoforms. Interrogation through the Free-Wilson analysis highlights the innate selectivity the thienopyrimidine scaffold has for PI3Kδ and provides a predictive model for the activity against the PI3K isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Barnes
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Hollie Blaber
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - David T K Brooks
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Lewis Byers
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Daniel Buckley
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Zoe C Byron
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Richard G Chilvers
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Liam Cochrane
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Edward Cooney
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Heather A Damian
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Luke Francis
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Daniel Fu He
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Jack M J Grace
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Harley J Green
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Edmund J P Hogarth
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Leyla Jusu
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - C Elizabeth Killalea
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Oliver King
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Joseph Lambert
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Zoe J Lee
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Nuria S Lima
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Christina L Long
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - May-Li Mackinnon
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Shusha Mahdy
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Jolyon Matthews-Wright
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Makenzie J Millward
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Matthew F Meehan
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Christopher Merrett
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Lisa Morrison
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Hal R I Parke
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Charlotte Payne
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Lawrence Payne
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Craig Pike
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Alexander Seal
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Aaron J Senior
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Keenan M Smith
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Kamile Stanelyte
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Joe Stillibrand
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Rachel Szpara
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Freya F H Taday
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Antony M Threadgould
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Rohan J Trainor
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Jordan Waters
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Oliver Williams
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Carrie K W Wong
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Katherine Wood
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
| | - Nick Barton
- GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre , Gunnels Wood Road , Stevenage SG1 2NY , U.K
| | - Anna Gruszka
- GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre , Gunnels Wood Road , Stevenage SG1 2NY , U.K
| | - Zoe Henley
- GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre , Gunnels Wood Road , Stevenage SG1 2NY , U.K
| | - James E Rowedder
- GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre , Gunnels Wood Road , Stevenage SG1 2NY , U.K
| | - Rosa Cookson
- GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre , Gunnels Wood Road , Stevenage SG1 2NY , U.K
| | - Katherine L Jones
- GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre , Gunnels Wood Road , Stevenage SG1 2NY , U.K
| | - Alan Nadin
- GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre , Gunnels Wood Road , Stevenage SG1 2NY , U.K
| | - Ian E Smith
- GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre , Gunnels Wood Road , Stevenage SG1 2NY , U.K
| | - Simon J F Macdonald
- GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre , Gunnels Wood Road , Stevenage SG1 2NY , U.K
| | - Andrew Nortcliffe
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Triumph Road , Nottingham NG7 2TU , U.K
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Ben-Shachar M, Rozenberg K, Skalka N, Wollman A, Michlin M, Rosenzweig T. Activation of Insulin Signaling in Adipocytes and Myotubes by Sarcopoterium Spinosum Extract. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11061396. [PMID: 31234331 PMCID: PMC6628217 DOI: 10.3390/nu11061396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopoterium spinosum (S. spinosum) is a medicinal plant, traditionally used as an antidiabetic remedy. Previous studies demonstrated its beneficial properties in the treatment of insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to further clarify the effect of S. spinosum extract (SSE) on insulin signaling. Phosphoproteomic analysis, performed in 3T3-L1 adipocytes treated with SSE, revealed the activation of insulin receptor pathways. SSE increased Glut4-facilitated glucose uptake in adipocytes, with an additive effect between SSE and insulin. While the maximal effect of insulin on glucose uptake was found at days 15–16 of differentiation, SSE-induced glucose uptake was found at an earlier stage of differentiation. Inhibition of PI3K and Akt blocked SSE-dependent glucose uptake. Western blot analysis, performed on 3T3-L1 adipocytes and L6 myotubes, showed that in contrast to insulin action, Akt was only marginally phosphorylated by SSE. Furthermore, GSK3β and PRAS40 phosphorylation as well as glucose uptake were increased by the extract. SSE also induced the phosphorylation of ERK similar to insulin. In conclusion, SSE activates insulin signaling, although the upstream event mediating its effects should be further clarified. Identifying the active molecules in SSE may lead to the development of new agents for the treatment of insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaella Ben-Shachar
- Departments of Molecular Biology and Nutrition Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel.
| | - Konstantin Rozenberg
- Departments of Molecular Biology and Nutrition Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel.
| | - Nir Skalka
- Departments of Molecular Biology and Nutrition Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel.
| | - Ayala Wollman
- Departments of Molecular Biology and Nutrition Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel.
| | - Michal Michlin
- Departments of Molecular Biology and Nutrition Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel.
| | - Tovit Rosenzweig
- Departments of Molecular Biology and Nutrition Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel.
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30
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Zheng W, Cai R, Hofmann L, Nesin V, Hu Q, Long W, Fatehi M, Liu X, Hussein S, Kong T, Li J, Light PE, Tang J, Flockerzi V, Tsiokas L, Chen XZ. Direct Binding between Pre-S1 and TRP-like Domains in TRPP Channels Mediates Gating and Functional Regulation by PIP2. Cell Rep 2019; 22:1560-1573. [PMID: 29425510 PMCID: PMC6483072 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are regulated by diverse stimuli comprising thermal, chemical, and mechanical modalities. They are also commonly regulated by phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), with underlying mechanisms largely unknown. We here revealed an intramolecular interaction of the TRPP3 N and C termini (N-C) that is functionally essential. The interaction was mediated by aromatic Trp81 in pre-S1 domain and cationic Lys568 in TRP-like domain. Structure-function analyses revealed similar N-C interaction in TRPP2 as well as TRPM8/-V1/-C4 via highly conserved tryptophan and lysine/arginine residues. PIP2 bound to cationic residues in TRPP3, including K568, thereby disrupting the N-C interaction and negatively regulating TRPP3. PIP2 had similar negative effects on TRPP2. Interestingly, we found that PIP2 facilitates the N-C interaction in TRPM8/-V1, resulting in channel potentiation. The intramolecular N-C interaction might represent a shared mechanism underlying the gating and PIP2 regulation of TRP channels. Zheng et al. show that an aromatic Trp residue in pre-S1 and a cationic Lys residue in the TRP-like domain of TRP polycystin channels mediate N-C binding, which underlies TRPPs gating and PIP2 regulation. The conservation of these residues suggests that this may be a shared mechanism of TRP channel gating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Zheng
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China; Membrane Protein Disease Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Ruiqi Cai
- Membrane Protein Disease Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Laura Hofmann
- Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität des Saarlandes, Homburg 66421, Germany
| | - Vasyl Nesin
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Qiaolin Hu
- Membrane Protein Disease Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Wentong Long
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Mohammad Fatehi
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Xiong Liu
- Membrane Protein Disease Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Shaimaa Hussein
- Membrane Protein Disease Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Tim Kong
- Membrane Protein Disease Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Jingru Li
- Membrane Protein Disease Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Peter E Light
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Jingfeng Tang
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China.
| | - Veit Flockerzi
- Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität des Saarlandes, Homburg 66421, Germany
| | - Leonidas Tsiokas
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Xing-Zhen Chen
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China; Membrane Protein Disease Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.
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Zhang F, Lv HZ, Liu JM, Ye XY, Wang CC. UNBS5162 inhibits colon cancer growth via suppression of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Med Sci (Paris) 2018; 34 Focus issue F1:99-104. [PMID: 30403183 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/201834f117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is a common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. However, the underlying mechanism of tumor progression of colon cancer remains far from being elucidated. In the present study, we report the role of UNBS5162 in colon cancer. UNBS5162 is a naphthalimide that can intercalate into DNA and suppress the expression level of CXCL chemokines. Here, we investigated its effect on cell proliferation, mobility and apoptosis in HCT116 cells, and explored the underlying mechanism. A CCK8 assay revealed that UNBS5162 can block the proliferation of colon cancer cells. Base on a Transwell assay, we showed that cell migration and invasion ability of HCT116 cells are inhibited by UNBS5162. In addition, Annexin V-FITC/PI assay and Western blot analysis were performed to detect whether UNBS5162 could induce cell apoptosis. The results indicated that UNBS5162 increases the number of apoptotic cells remarkably. Furthermore, Western blot analysis demonstrated that UNBS5162 down-regulates the expression level of Bcl2, and up-regulates that of Bax as well as the level of activated Caspase-3. Moreover, we examined the impact of UNBS5162 on PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. UNBS5162 substantially inhibited the phosphorylation of Akt and its downstream effector mTOR, and reduced the expression of p-70. Taken together, these results suggest that UNBS5162 should be considered as a potent therapeutic anticancer agent that targets the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, 613 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou, 510630 PR China
| | - Hui-Zeng Lv
- Department 1 of General Surgery, the 5th Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510700, PR China
| | - Ji-Ming Liu
- Department 1 of General Surgery, the 5th Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510700, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yong Ye
- Department 1 of General Surgery, the 5th Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510700, PR China
| | - Cun-Chuan Wang
- Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, 613 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou, 510630 PR China
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Zika Virus Infection of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promotes Differential Expression of Proteins Linked to Several Neurological Diseases. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:4708-4717. [PMID: 30377986 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1417-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The recent microcephaly outbreak in Brazil has been associated with Zika virus (ZIKV) infection. The current understanding of damage caused by ZIKV infection is still unclear, since it has been implicated in other neurodegenerative and developmental complications. Here, the differential proteome analysis of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) infected with a Brazilian strain of ZIKV was identified by shotgun proteomics (MudPIT). Our results indicate that ZIKV induces a potential reprogramming of the metabolic machinery in nucleotide metabolism, changes in the energy production via glycolysis and other metabolic pathways, and potentially inhibits autophagy, neurogenesis, and immune response by downregulation of signaling pathways. In addition, proteins previously described in several brain pathologies, such as Alzheimer's disease, autism spectrum disorder, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Parkinson's disease, were found with altered expression due to ZIKV infection in hMSC. This potential link between ZIKV and several neuropathologies beyond microcephaly is being described here for the first time and can be used to guide specific follow-up studies concerning these specific diseases and ZIKV infection.
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Liang X, Li F, Chen C, Jiang Z, Wang A, Liu X, Ge J, Hu Z, Yu K, Wang W, Zou F, Liu Q, Wang B, Wang L, Zhang S, Wang Y, Liu Q, Liu J. Discovery of (S)-2-amino-N-(5-(6-chloro-5-(3-methylphenylsulfonamido)pyridin-3-yl)-4-methylthiazol-2-yl)-3-methylbutanamide (CHMFL-PI3KD-317) as a potent and selective phosphoinositide 3-kinase delta (PI3Kδ) inhibitor. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 156:831-846. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Qureshi R, Kindo M, Boulberdaa M, von Hunolstein JJ, Steenman M, Nebigil CG. A Prokineticin-Driven Epigenetic Switch Regulates Human Epicardial Cell Stemness and Fate. Stem Cells 2018; 36:1589-1602. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.2866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rehana Qureshi
- CNRS, Biotechnology and Cell Signaling Laboratory (UMR 7242); University of Strasbourg; Illkirch France
| | - Michel Kindo
- Hospital of University of Strasbourg, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery Department; Hospital of University of Strasbourg; Strasbourg France
| | - Mounia Boulberdaa
- CNRS, Biotechnology and Cell Signaling Laboratory (UMR 7242); University of Strasbourg; Illkirch France
| | - Jean-Jacques von Hunolstein
- Hospital of University of Strasbourg, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery Department; Hospital of University of Strasbourg; Strasbourg France
| | - Marja Steenman
- Institute of Thorax, INSERM, CNRS; University of Nantes; Nantes France
| | - Canan G. Nebigil
- CNRS, Biotechnology and Cell Signaling Laboratory (UMR 7242); University of Strasbourg; Illkirch France
- Laboratory of Biomolecules (UMR7203), CNRS; Sorbonne University; Paris France
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Wittkowski KM, Dadurian C, Seybold MP, Kim HS, Hoshino A, Lyden D. Complex polymorphisms in endocytosis genes suggest alpha-cyclodextrin as a treatment for breast cancer. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199012. [PMID: 29965997 PMCID: PMC6028090 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Most breast cancer deaths are caused by metastasis and treatment options beyond radiation and cytotoxic drugs, which have severe side effects, and hormonal treatments, which are or become ineffective for many patients, are urgently needed. This study reanalyzed existing data from three genome-wide association studies (GWAS) using a novel computational biostatistics approach (muGWAS), which had been validated in studies of 600-2000 subjects in epilepsy and autism. MuGWAS jointly analyzes several neighboring single nucleotide polymorphisms while incorporating knowledge about genetics of heritable diseases into the statistical method and about GWAS into the rules for determining adaptive genome-wide significance. Results from three independent GWAS of 1000-2000 subjects each, which were made available under the National Institute of Health's "Up For A Challenge" (U4C) project, not only confirmed cell-cycle control and receptor/AKT signaling, but, for the first time in breast cancer GWAS, also consistently identified many genes involved in endo-/exocytosis (EEC), most of which had already been observed in functional and expression studies of breast cancer. In particular, the findings include genes that translocate (ATP8A1, ATP8B1, ANO4, ABCA1) and metabolize (AGPAT3, AGPAT4, DGKQ, LPPR1) phospholipids entering the phosphatidylinositol cycle, which controls EEC. These novel findings suggest scavenging phospholipids as a novel intervention to control local spread of cancer, packaging of exosomes (which prepare distant microenvironment for organ-specific metastases), and endocytosis of β1 integrins (which are required for spread of metastatic phenotype and mesenchymal migration of tumor cells). Beta-cyclodextrins (βCD) have already been shown to be effective in in vitro and animal studies of breast cancer, but exhibits cholesterol-related ototoxicity. The smaller alpha-cyclodextrins (αCD) also scavenges phospholipids, but cannot fit cholesterol. An in-vitro study presented here confirms hydroxypropyl (HP)-αCD to be twice as effective as HPβCD against migration of human cells of both receptor negative and estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer. If the previous successful animal studies with βCDs are replicated with the safer and more effective αCDs, clinical trials of adjuvant treatment with αCDs are warranted. Ultimately, all breast cancer are expected to benefit from treatment with HPαCD, but women with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) will benefit most, because they have fewer treatment options and their cancer advances more aggressively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Knut M. Wittkowski
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Christina Dadurian
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Martin P. Seybold
- Institut für Formale Methoden der Informatik, Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Han Sang Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Ayuko Hoshino
- Department of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - David Lyden
- Department of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, United States of America
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Sun J, Lv J, Zhang W, Li L, Lv J, Geng Y, Yin A. Combination with miR-124a improves the protective action of BMSCs in rescuing injured rat podocytes from abnormal apoptosis and autophagy. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:7166-7176. [PMID: 29904949 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This in vitro study was performed to identify the role of miR-124a in bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs) therapy for H2 O2 -induced rat podocyte injury, and determine whether combination treatment with miR-124a could improve the protective effect of BMSCs. Cell viability of podocytes was detected by CCK-8 assay. Detection of ROS level, apoptotic rate, and autophagy rate was carried out using flow cytometry assays. Oxidative stress parameters were analyzed using the ELISA assays. MiR-124a and mRNA levels were determined using real-time PCR. Protein expression was detected using Western blotting. Our study revealed a pivotal role of miR-124a in the protective action of BMSCs on podocyte injury driven by oxidative stress. BMSCs could rescue injured podocytes from aberrant apoptosis and autophagy by regulating cleaved caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2, LC3-II/I, and p62. Suppression of the PI3 K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway is likely one of the main mechanisms underlying the protective action of BMSCs transfected with miR-124a. Our study revealed that miR-124a further improves the protective effect of BMSCs in injured podocytes. Thus, the combination of BMSCs and microRNAs could be a beneficial treatment for renal diseases in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiping Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Lv
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lili Li
- Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jia Lv
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yingzhou Geng
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Aiping Yin
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Aggile K, Alagumuthu M, Mundre RS, Napoleon AA. Synthesis of Substituted Quinolinyl Ether-based Inhibitors of PI3K as Potential Anticancer Agents. J Heterocycl Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kadirappa Aggile
- School of Advanced Sciences, Department of Chemistry; VIT University; Vellore Tamil Nadu 632014 India
- Chemical Research Department, API R&D Centre; Micro Labs Ltd; Bommasandra Bangalore Karnataka 560105 India
| | - Manikandan Alagumuthu
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio-Science and Technology; VIT University; Vellore Tamil Nadu 632014 India
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Chlamydia exploits filopodial capture and a macropinocytosis-like pathway for host cell entry. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1007051. [PMID: 29727463 PMCID: PMC5955597 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathogens hijack host endocytic pathways to force their own entry into eukaryotic target cells. Many bacteria either exploit receptor-mediated zippering or inject virulence proteins directly to trigger membrane reorganisation and cytoskeletal rearrangements. By contrast, extracellular C. trachomatis elementary bodies (EBs) apparently employ facets of both the zipper and trigger mechanisms and are only ~400 nm in diameter. Our cryo-electron tomography of C. trachomatis entry revealed an unexpectedly diverse array of host structures in association with invading EBs, suggesting internalisation may progress by multiple, potentially redundant routes or several sequential events within a single pathway. Here we performed quantitative analysis of actin organisation at chlamydial entry foci, highlighting filopodial capture and phagocytic cups as dominant and conserved morphological structures early during internalisation. We applied inhibitor-based screening and employed reporters to systematically assay and visualise the spatio-temporal contribution of diverse endocytic signalling mediators to C. trachomatis entry. In addition to the recognised roles of the Rac1 GTPase and its associated nucleation-promoting factor (NPF) WAVE, our data revealed an additional unrecognised pathway sharing key hallmarks of macropinocytosis: i) amiloride sensitivity, ii) fluid-phase uptake, iii) recruitment and activity of the NPF N-WASP, and iv) the localised generation of phosphoinositide-3-phosphate (PI3P) species. Given their central role in macropinocytosis and affinity for PI3P, we assessed the role of SNX-PX-BAR family proteins. Strikingly, SNX9 was specifically and transiently enriched at C. trachomatis entry foci. SNX9-/- cells exhibited a 20% defect in EB entry, which was enhanced to 60% when the cells were infected without sedimentation-induced EB adhesion, consistent with a defect in initial EB-host interaction. Correspondingly, filopodial capture of C. trachomatis EBs was specifically attenuated in SNX9-/- cells, implicating SNX9 as a central host mediator of filopodial capture early during chlamydial entry. Our findings identify an unanticipated complexity of signalling underpinning cell entry by this major human pathogen, and suggest intriguing parallels with viral entry mechanisms. Chlamydia trachomatis remains the leading bacterial agent of sexually transmitted disease worldwide and causes a form of blindness called trachoma in Developing nations, which is recognised by the World Health Organisation as a neglected tropical disease. Despite this burden, we know comparatively little about how it causes disease at a molecular level. Chlamydia must live inside human cells to survive, and here we study the mechanism of how it enters cells, which is critical to the lifecycle. We study how the bacterium exploits signalling pathways inside the cell to its own advantage to deform the cell membrane by reorganising the underlying cell skeleton, and identify new factors involved in this process. Our findings suggest intriguing similarities with how some viruses enter cells. A better understanding of these processes may help to develop future vaccines and new treatments.
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Burkholderia cenocepacia Induces Macropinocytosis to Enter Macrophages. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:4271560. [PMID: 29850514 PMCID: PMC5937589 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4271560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Burkholderia cenocepacia is an opportunistic pathogen that infects individuals with cystic fibrosis, chronic granulomatous disease, and other immunocompromised states. B. cenocepacia survives in macrophages in membrane-bound vacuoles; however, the mechanism by which B. cenocepacia gains entry into macrophages remains unknown. After macrophage internalization, survival of B. cenocepacia within a bacteria-containing membrane vacuole (BcCV) is associated with its ability to arrest the maturation of the BcCV. In this study, we show that B. cenocepacia induces localized membrane ruffling, macropinocytosis, and macropinosomes-like compartments upon contact with the macrophage. The Type 3 Secretion System (T3SS) of B. cenocepacia contributes to macrophage entry and macropinosome-like compartment formation. These data demonstrate the ability of Burkholderia to enter macrophages through the induction of macropinocytosis.
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Manda-Handzlik A, Bystrzycka W, Wachowska M, Sieczkowska S, Stelmaszczyk-Emmel A, Demkow U, Ciepiela O. The influence of agents differentiating HL-60 cells toward granulocyte-like cells on their ability to release neutrophil extracellular traps. Immunol Cell Biol 2018; 96:413-425. [PMID: 29380901 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Studies on neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are challenging as neutrophils live shortly and easily become activated. Thus, availability of a cell line model closely resembling the functions of peripheral blood neutrophils would be advantageous. Our purpose was to find a compound that most effectively differentiates human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells toward granulocyte-like cells able to release NETs. HL-60 cells were differentiated with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or dimethylformamide (DMF) and stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) or calcium ionophore A23187 (CI). Cell differentiation, phagocytosis and calcium influx were analyzed by flow cytometry. Reactive oxygen species production and NETs release were measured fluorometrically and analyzed microscopically. LC3-II accumulation and histone 3 citrullination were analyzed by western blot. ATRA most effectively differentiated HL-60 cells toward granulocyte-like cells. ATRA-dHL-60 cells released NETs only upon PMA stimulation, DMSO-dHL-60 cells only post CI stimulation, while DMF-dHL-60 cells formed NETs in response to both stimuli. Oxidative burst was induced in ATRA-, DMSO- and DMF-dHL-60 cells post PMA stimulation and only in DMF-dHL-60 cells post CI stimulation. Increased histone 3 citrullination was observed in stimulated DMSO- and DMF-, but not in ATRA-dHL-60 cells. The calcium influx was diminished in ATRA-dHL-60 cells. Significant increase in autophagosomes formation was observed only in PMA-stimulated DMF-dHL-60 cells. Phagocytic index was higher in ATRA-dHL-60 cells than in control, DMSO- and DMF-dHL-60 cells. We conclude that ATRA, DMSO and DMF differentiate HL-60 in different mechanisms. DMF is the best stimulus for HL-60 cell differentiation for NETs studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Manda-Handzlik
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Clinical Immunology of Developmental Age, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Weronika Bystrzycka
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Clinical Immunology of Developmental Age, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Wachowska
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Clinical Immunology of Developmental Age, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sandra Sieczkowska
- Student Scientific Group at the Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Clinical Immunology of Developmental Age, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Stelmaszczyk-Emmel
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Clinical Immunology of Developmental Age, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Urszula Demkow
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Clinical Immunology of Developmental Age, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Olga Ciepiela
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Clinical Immunology of Developmental Age, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Jia K, Yuan Y, Liu W, Liu L, Qin Q, Yi M. Identification of Inhibitory Compounds Against Singapore Grouper Iridovirus Infection by Cell Viability-Based Screening Assay and Droplet Digital PCR. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 20:35-44. [PMID: 29209860 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-017-9785-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV) is one of the major causative agents of fish diseases and has caused significant economic losses in the aquaculture industry. There is currently no commercial vaccine or effective antiviral treatment against SGIV infection. Annually, an increasing number of small molecule compounds from various sources have been produced, and many are proved to be potential inhibitors against viruses. Here, a high-throughput in vitro cell viability-based screening assay was developed to identify antiviral compounds against SGIV using the luminescent-based CellTiter-Glo reagent in cultured grouper spleen cells by quantificational measurement of the cytopathic effects induced by SGIV infection. This assay was utilized to screen for potential SGIV inhibitors from five customized compounds which had been reported to be capable of inhibiting other viruses and 30 compounds isolated from various marine organisms, and three of them [ribavirin, harringtonine, and 2-hydroxytetradecanoic acid (2-HOM)] were identified to be effective on inhibiting SGIV infection, which was further confirmed with droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). In addition, the ddPCR results revealed that ribavirin and 2-HOM inhibited SGIV replication and entry in a dose-dependent manner, and harringtonine could reduce SGIV replication rather than entry at the working concentration without significant toxicity. These findings provided an easy and reliable cell viability-based screening assay to identify compounds with anti-SGIV effect and a way of studying the anti-SGIV mechanism of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuntong Jia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongming Yuan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Science Drive 4, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Wei Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiwei Qin
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Meisheng Yi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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42
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Michaeli L, Gottfried I, Bykhovskaia M, Ashery U. Phosphatidylinositol (4, 5)-bisphosphate targets double C2 domain protein B to the plasma membrane. Traffic 2017; 18:825-839. [PMID: 28941037 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Double C2 domain protein B (DOC2B) is a high-affinity Ca2+ sensor that translocates from the cytosol to the plasma membrane (PM) and promotes vesicle priming and fusion. However, the molecular mechanism underlying its translocation and targeting to the PM in living cells is not completely understood. DOC2B interacts in vitro with the PM components phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylinositol (4, 5)-bisphosphate [PI(4, 5)P2 ] and target SNAREs (t-SNAREs). Here, we show that PI(4, 5)P2 hydrolysis at the PM of living cells abolishes DOC2B translocation, whereas manipulations of t-SNAREs and other phosphoinositides have no effect. Moreover, we were able to redirect DOC2B to intracellular membranes by synthesizing PI(4, 5)P2 in those membranes. Molecular dynamics simulations and mutagenesis in the calcium and PI(4, 5)P2 -binding sites strengthened our findings, demonstrating that both calcium and PI(4, 5)P2 are required for the DOC2B-PM association and revealing multiple PI(4, 5)P2 -C2B interactions. In addition, we show that DOC2B translocation to the PM is ATP-independent and occurs in a diffusion-like manner. Our data suggest that the Ca2+ -triggered translocation of DOC2B is diffusion-driven and aimed at PI(4, 5)P2 -containing membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirin Michaeli
- Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Irit Gottfried
- Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Uri Ashery
- Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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43
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Belavgeni A, Dailianis S. The role of phosphatidylinositol-3-OH-kinase (PI3-kinase) and respiratory burst enzymes in the [omim][BF 4]-mediated toxic mode of action in mussel hemocytes. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 68:144-153. [PMID: 28698124 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigates the role of phosphatidylinositol-3-OH-kinase (PI3-kinase) and respiratory burst enzymes, NADPH oxidase and NO synthase, in the 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([omim][BF4])-mediated toxic mode of action in mussel hemocytes. Specifically, cell viability (using the neutral red uptake assay) was primarily tested in hemocytes treated with different concentrations of [omim][BF4] (0.1-10 mg L-1) and thereafter [omim][BF4]-mediated oxidative (in terms of superoxide anions/O2- and nitric oxide/NO generation, as well as the enhancement of lipid peroxidation by-products, in terms of malondialdehyde/MDA) and genotoxic (in terms of DNA damage) effects were determined in hemocytes treated with 1 mg L-1 [omim][BF4]. Moreover, in order to investigate, even indirectly and non-entirely specific, the role of PI3-kinase, NADPH oxidase and NO synthase, the [omim][BF4]-mediated effects were also investigated in hemocytes pre-incubated with wortmannin (50 nM), diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI 10 μM) and NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME 10 μM), respectively. The results showed that [omim][BF4] ability to enhance O2-, NO, MDA and DNA damage, via its interaction with cellular membranes, was significantly attenuated in the presence of each inhibitor in almost all cases. The current findings revealed for the first time that certain signaling molecules, such as PI3-kinase, as well as respiratory burst enzymes activation, such as NADPH oxidase and NO synthase, could merely attribute to the [omim][BF4]-mediated mode of action, thus enriching our knowledge for the molecular mechanisms of ILs toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexia Belavgeni
- Section of Animal Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Patras, Patras GR-26 500, Greece
| | - Stefanos Dailianis
- Section of Animal Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Patras, Patras GR-26 500, Greece.
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Abstract
Eukaryotes use autophagy as a mechanism for maintaining cellular homeostasis by degrading and recycling organelles and proteins. This process assists in the proliferation and survival of advanced cancers. There is mounting preclinical evidence that targeting autophagy can enhance the efficacy of many cancer therapies. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is the only clinically-approved autophagy inhibitor, and this systematic review focuses on HCQ use in cancer clinical trials. Preclinical trials have shown that HCQ alone and in combination therapy leads to enhancement of tumor shrinkage. This has provided the base for multiple ongoing clinical trials involving HCQ alone and in combination with other treatments. However, due to its potency, there is still a need for more potent and specific autophagy inhibitors. There are multiple autophagy inhibitors in the pre-clinical stage at various stages of development. Additional studies on the mechanism of HCQ and other autophagy inhibitors are still required to answer questions surrounding how these agents will eventually be used in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia I Chude
- Department of Medicine and Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, 852 BRB, 421 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Ravi K Amaravadi
- Department of Medicine and Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, 852 BRB, 421 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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45
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Roux A, Loranger A, Lavoie JN, Marceau N. Keratin 8/18 regulation of insulin receptor signaling and trafficking in hepatocytes through a concerted phosphoinositide-dependent Akt and Rab5 modulation. FASEB J 2017; 31:3555-3573. [PMID: 28442548 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700036r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Keratins (Ks) are epithelial cell intermediate filament (IF) proteins that are expressed as pairs in a differentiation-regulated manner. Hepatocyte IFs are made only of K8/K18 pairs, which means that a K8 loss in K8-null mice leads to degradation of K18. Functionally, there is accumulating evidence that IFs contribute to signaling platforms. Here, we investigate the role of K8/K18 IFs in the regulation of insulin receptor (IR) signaling and trafficking in hepatocytes. We find that the IR substrate 1 (IRS1)/PI3K/Akt signaling cascade-downstream of IR-displays prolonged activation in K8-null compared with wild-type hepatocytes. Assessment of the Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1-mediated feedback loop to IRS1/PI3K, in the absence or presence of drug inhibitors, further supports a preferential K8/K18 IF intervention at the surface membrane. In K8-null hepatocytes, IR trafficking vesicles that are labeled by Rab5/EEA1/phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate accumulate at a juxtanuclear region via a microtubule-dependent process. Moreover, interference with phosphatidylinositol 4,5-biphosphate signaling aggravates IR/Rab5 accumulation. Overall, results uncover K8/K18 IF regulation of IR signaling via a concerted modulation of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-biphosphate-dependent IRS1/PI3K/Akt signaling and Rab5/phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate/microtubule trafficking in hepatocytes.-Roux, A., Loranger, A., Lavoie, J. N., Marceau, N. Keratin 8/18 regulation of insulin receptor signaling and trafficking in hepatocytes through a concerted phosphoinositide-dependent Akt and Rab5 modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Roux
- Centre de Recherche Sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anne Loranger
- Centre de Recherche Sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Josée N Lavoie
- Centre de Recherche Sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Normand Marceau
- Centre de Recherche Sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada; .,Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
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46
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Tursi SA, Lee EY, Medeiros NJ, Lee MH, Nicastro LK, Buttaro B, Gallucci S, Wilson RP, Wong GCL, Tükel Ç. Bacterial amyloid curli acts as a carrier for DNA to elicit an autoimmune response via TLR2 and TLR9. PLoS Pathog 2017; 13:e1006315. [PMID: 28410407 PMCID: PMC5406031 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms are associated with numerous human infections. The predominant protein expressed in enteric biofilms is the amyloid curli, which forms highly immunogenic complexes with DNA. Infection with curli-expressing bacteria or systemic exposure to purified curli-DNA complexes triggers autoimmunity via the generation of type I interferons (IFNs) and anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies. Here, we show that DNA complexed with amyloid curli powerfully stimulates Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) through a two-step mechanism. First, the cross beta-sheet structure of curli is bound by cell-surface Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), enabling internalization of the complex into endosomes. After internalization, the curli-DNA immune complex binds strongly to endosomal TLR9, inducing production of type I IFNs. Analysis of wild-type and TLR2-deficient macrophages showed that TLR2 is the major receptor that drives the internalization of curli-DNA complexes. Suppression of TLR2 internalization via endocytosis inhibitors led to a significant decrease in Ifnβ expression. Confocal microscopy analysis confirmed that the TLR2-bound curli was required for shuttling of DNA to endosomal TLR9. Structural analysis using small-angle X-ray scattering revealed that incorporation of DNA into curli fibrils resulted in the formation of ordered curli-DNA immune complexes. Curli organizes parallel, double-stranded DNA rods at an inter-DNA spacing that matches up well with the steric size of TLR9. We also found that production of anti-double-stranded DNA autoantibodies in response to curli-DNA was attenuated in TLR2- and TLR9-deficient mice and in mice deficient in both TLR2 and TLR9 compared to wild-type mice, suggesting that both innate immune receptors are critical for shaping the autoimmune adaptive immune response. We also detected significantly lower levels of interferon-stimulated gene expression in response to purified curli-DNA in TLR2 and TLR9 deficient mice compared to wild-type mice, confirming that TLR2 and TLR9 are required for the induction of type I IFNs. Finally, we showed that curli-DNA complexes, but not cellulose, were responsible elicitation of the immune responses to bacterial biofilms. This study defines the series of events that lead to the severe pro-autoimmune effects of amyloid-expressing bacteria and suggest a mechanism by which amyloid curli acts as a carrier to break immune tolerance to DNA, leading to the activation of TLR9, production of type I IFNs, and subsequent production of autoantibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Tursi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Ernest Y. Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, California Nano Systems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Nicole J. Medeiros
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Michael H. Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Lauren K. Nicastro
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Bettina Buttaro
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Stefania Gallucci
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Ronald Paul Wilson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Gerard C. L. Wong
- Department of Bioengineering, California Nano Systems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California Nano Systems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (CT); (GCLW)
| | - Çagla Tükel
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail: (CT); (GCLW)
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Acuña UM, Curley RW, Fatima N, Ahmed S, Chang LC, DE Blanco EJC. Differential Effect of Wortmannolone Derivatives on MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells. Anticancer Res 2017; 37:1617-1623. [PMID: 28373422 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.11492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The survival rate of women diagnosed with triple-negative breast-cancer (TNBC) remains low. Hence, this study aimed at the chemical and biological optimization of furanosteroid derivatives for the treatment of this type of malignancy using TNBC cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Semi-synthetic analogs of wortmannolone (1-6) that negatively affected the aberrant pathways in tumor cells were evaluated in hormone-independent breast cancer cells using western blot and cell-cycle analysis. RESULTS Wortmannolone derivatization generated NF-ĸB inhibitors as new lead structures for further development. Compound (3) was found to be the most significantly active lead. CONCLUSION Structure-activity analysis in the present study showed that acetylation of the hydroxyl groups and substitution on C3 and C17 of wortmannolone enhanced biological activity. Alpha-substitution of the acetyl group in C3 on ring A (compound 3) resulted in ROS inducing effect; however, presence of an acetyl group in β-position of C3 displayed the highest NF-ĸB p65 inhibitory activity (0.60 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulyana Munoz Acuña
- Division of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A.,Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
| | - Robert W Curley
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
| | - Nighat Fatima
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, HI, U.S.A
| | - Safia Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Leng Chee Chang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, HI, U.S.A
| | - Esperanza J Carcache DE Blanco
- Division of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A. .,Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
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48
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Inhibitory potential of flavonoids on PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 binding with the phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 pleckstrin homology domain. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:420-426. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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49
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Tang TX, Xiong W, Finkielstein CV, Capelluto DGS. Identification of Lipid Binding Modulators Using the Protein-Lipid Overlay Assay. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1647:197-206. [PMID: 28809004 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7201-2_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The protein-lipid overlay assay is an inexpensive, easy-to-implement, and high-throughput methodology that employs nitrocellulose membranes to immobilize lipids in order to rapid screen and identify protein-lipid interactions. In this chapter, we show how this methodology can identify potential modulators of protein-lipid interactions by screening water-soluble lipid competitors or even the introduction of pH changes during the binding assay to identify pH-dependent lipid binding events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo-Xian Tang
- Protein Signaling Domains Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Biocomplexity Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
- Center for Soft Matter and Biological Physics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Wen Xiong
- Protein Signaling Domains Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Biocomplexity Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
- Center for Soft Matter and Biological Physics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Carla V Finkielstein
- Integrated Cellular Responses Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Biocomplexity Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Daniel G S Capelluto
- Protein Signaling Domains Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Biocomplexity Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
- Center for Soft Matter and Biological Physics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
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50
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Mohammadpour R, Safarian S, Buckway B, Ghandehari H. Comparative Endocytosis Mechanisms and Anticancer Effect of HPMA Copolymer- and PAMAM Dendrimer-MTCP Conjugates for Photodynamic Therapy. Macromol Biosci 2016; 17. [PMID: 27779358 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201600333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 09/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Polymer architecture can influence biodistribution and the mode of presentation of bioactive agents to cells. Herein delivery, loading efficiency, and mode of cellular entry of polymer conjugates of the photosensitizer Meso-Tetra (4-Carboxyphenyl) Porphyrine (MTCP) are examined when attached to hyperbranched amine terminated poly(amido amine) (PAMAM) dendrimer or random coil linear N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymer containing free amines in the side chains. The in vitro dark cytotoxicity and phototoxicity of MTCP and related conjugates are assessed on mouth epidermal carcinoma (KB) and human adenocarcinoma alveolar basal epithelial (A549) cells. Phototoxicity of polymeric conjugates increases by ≈100 and 4000 fold in KB and A549 cells compared with nonconjugated MTCP. The increase in phototoxicity activity is shown to result from increased rate of cellular uptake, whereas, cellular internalization of MTCP is negligible in comparison with the conjugated forms. The results of this study suggest the superiority of amine-terminated HPMA copolymer versus PAMAM dendrimer under study for delivery of MTCP. Treatment with various pharmacological inhibitors of endocytosis shows that polymer architecture influences the mechanism of cellular uptake of the conjugated photosensitizer. Results show that polymeric conjugates of MTCP improve solubility, influence the route and the rate of cellular internalization, and drastically enhance the uptake of the photosensitizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raziye Mohammadpour
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1417614411, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112-5820, USA
| | - Shahrokh Safarian
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1417614411, Iran
| | - Brandon Buckway
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112-5820, USA.,The Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112-5820, USA
| | - Hamidreza Ghandehari
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112-5820, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112-5820, USA.,The Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112-5820, USA.,Utah Center for Nanomedicine, Nano Institute of Utah, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112-5820, USA
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