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Chen Y, Pan Y, Liu L, Guo Y, Jin L, Ren A, Wang L. The mediating role of abnormal ZEB1 methylation in the association between nickel exposure and non-syndromic orofacial cleft. Reprod Toxicol 2024; 130:108728. [PMID: 39326548 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 08/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
Our previous study found a positive relationship between fetal nickel exposure and the risk of OFCs. The teratogenic mechanism of nickel is not clear. In this study, we aim to examine the mediating effect of DNA methylation on the association of nickel(Ni) exposure with NSOFC in fetuses. 10 cases and 10 controls was used for screening target gene by Illumina Infinium Methylation EPIC(850k) BeadChip. 36 cases and 78 controls was conducted to determine DNA methylation level of selected gene in umbilical cord blood by Mass spectrometry assay. Mediation analysis was used to evaluate the potential mediating effect of selected gene methylation on the relation between concentrations of Ni and the risk for NSOFC. In the discovery stage, ZEB1 gene was identified to be hypermethylated in both nickel exposure and NSOFC group for validation. In the verification stage, the overall average methylation level of ZEB1 was significant higher in NSOFC cases(median = 8.70, interquartile range(IQR): 5.75-11.53) as compared to controls (median = 5.35, IQR: 4.30-7.78). The risk for NSOFC was increased by 1.43-fold with hypermethylation of ZEB1. Significant correlation was observed between concentrations of Ni in umbilical cord and methylation level of ZEB1. The hypermethylation of ZEB1 had a mediating effect by 20.47 % of total effect of Ni on NSOFC risk. Hypermethylation of ZEB1 is associated with the risk for NSOFC and may partially explain the association between Ni exposure and NSOFC risk. Our findings provide new insights into the epigenetic mechanisms underlying NSOFC and suggesting potential targets for future therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyan Chen
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Yaquan Pan
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Lijun Liu
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Yingnan Guo
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Jin
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Aiguo Ren
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China.
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2
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Liu ZY, You QY, Liu ZY, Lin LC, Yang JJ, Tao H. m6A control programmed cell death in cardiac fibrosis. Life Sci 2024; 353:122922. [PMID: 39032691 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is closely related to cardiac fibrosis. As the most common and abundant form of mRNA modification in eukaryotes, m6A is deposited by methylases ("writers"), recognized and effected by RNA-binding proteins ("readers"), and removed by demethylases ("erasers"), achieving highly dynamic reversibility. m6A modification is involved in regulating the entire biological process of target RNA, including transcription, processing and splicing, export from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, and enhancement or reduction of stability and translation. Programmed cell death (PCD) comprises many forms and pathways, with apoptosis and autophagy being the most common. Other forms include pyroptosis, ferroptosis, necroptosis, mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT)-dependent necrosis, and parthanatos. In recent years, increasing evidence suggests that m6A modification can mediate PCD, affecting cardiac fibrosis. Since the correlation between some PCD types and m6A modification is not yet clear, this article mainly introduces the relationship between four common PCD types (apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis) and m6A modification, as well as their role and influence in cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Yu Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Qing-Ye You
- Anhui Women and Children's Medical Center, Hefei 230001, PR China
| | - Zhi-Yan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Li-Chan Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Jing-Jing Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, PR China.
| | - Hui Tao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, PR China; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, PR China.
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3
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Berthold A, Lloyd VK. Changes in the Transcriptome and Long Non-Coding RNAs but Not the Methylome Occur in Human Cells Exposed to Borrelia burgdorferi. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:1010. [PMID: 39202370 PMCID: PMC11353914 DOI: 10.3390/genes15081010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Lyme disease, caused by infection with members of the Lyme borreliosis group of Borrelia spirochete bacteria, is increasing in frequency and distribution worldwide. Epigenetic interactions between the mammalian host, tick, and bacterial pathogen are poorly understood. In this study, high-throughput next-generation sequencing (NGS) allowed for the in vitro study of the transcriptome, non-coding RNAs, and methylome in human host cells in response to Borrelia burgdorferi infection. We tested the effect of the Borrelia burgdorferi strain B31 on a human primary cell line (HUVEC) and an immortalized cell line (HEK-293) for 72 h, a long-duration time that might allow for epigenetic responses in the exposed human host cells. Differential gene expression was detected in both cell models in response to B. burgdorferi. More differentially expressed genes were found in HUVECs compared to HEK-293 cells. Borrelia burgdorferi exposure significantly induced genes in the interferon, in addition to cytokine and other immune response signaling in HUVECs. In HEK-293 cells, pre-NOTCH processing in Golgi was significantly downregulated in Borrelia-exposed cells. Other significantly altered gene expressions were found in genes involved in the extracellular matrix. No significant global methylation changes were detected in HUVECs or HEK-293 cells exposed to B. burgdorferi; however, two long non-coding RNAs and a pseudogene were deregulated in response to B. burgdorferi in HUVECs, suggesting that other epigenetic mechanisms may be initiated by infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vett K. Lloyd
- Department of Biology, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1G7, Canada;
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Hernan-Godoy M, Rouaux C. From Environment to Gene Expression: Epigenetic Methylations and One-Carbon Metabolism in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Cells 2024; 13:967. [PMID: 38891099 PMCID: PMC11171807 DOI: 10.3390/cells13110967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The etiology of the neurodegenerative disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is complex and considered multifactorial. The majority of ALS cases are sporadic, but familial cases also exist. Estimates of heritability range from 8% to 61%, indicating that additional factors beyond genetics likely contribute to ALS. Numerous environmental factors are considered, which may add up and synergize throughout an individual's lifetime building its unique exposome. One level of integration between genetic and environmental factors is epigenetics, which results in alterations in gene expression without modification of the genome sequence. Methylation reactions, targeting DNA or histones, represent a large proportion of epigenetic regulations and strongly depend on the availability of methyl donors provided by the ubiquitous one-carbon (1C) metabolism. Thus, understanding the interplay between exposome, 1C metabolism, and epigenetic modifications will likely contribute to elucidating the mechanisms underlying altered gene expression related to ALS and to developing targeted therapeutic interventions. Here, we review evidence for 1C metabolism alterations and epigenetic methylation dysregulations in ALS, with a focus on the impairments reported in neural tissues, and discuss these environmentally driven mechanisms as the consequences of cumulative exposome or late environmental hits, but also as the possible result of early developmental defects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Caroline Rouaux
- Inserm UMR_S 1329, Strasbourg Translational Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Université de Strasbourg, Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg, 1 Rue Eugène Boeckel, 67 000 Strasbourg, France;
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5
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D’Esposito F, Gagliano C, Bloom PA, Cordeiro MF, Avitabile A, Gagliano G, Costagliola C, Avitabile T, Musa M, Zeppieri M. Epigenetics in Glaucoma. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:905. [PMID: 38929522 PMCID: PMC11205742 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60060905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is defined as a "genetically complex trait", where modifying factors act on a genetic predisposing background. For the majority of glaucomatous conditions, DNA variants are not sufficient to explain pathogenesis. Some genes are clearly underlying the more "Mendelian" forms, while a growing number of related polymorphisms in other genes have been identified in recent years. Environmental, dietary, or biological factors are known to influence the development of the condition, but interactions between these factors and the genetic background are poorly understood. Several studies conducted in recent years have led to evidence that epigenetics, that is, changes in the pattern of gene expression without any changes in the DNA sequence, appear to be the missing link. Different epigenetic mechanisms have been proven to lead to glaucomatous changes in the eye, principally DNA methylation, post-translational histone modification, and RNA-associated gene regulation by non-coding RNAs. The aim of this work is to define the principal epigenetic actors in glaucoma pathogenesis. The identification of such mechanisms could potentially lead to new perspectives on therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana D’Esposito
- Imperial College Ophthalmic Research Group (ICORG) Unit, Imperial College, London NW1 5QH, UK; (F.D.)
- Eye Clinic, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Enna “Kore”, Piazza dell’Università, 94100 Enna, Italy
| | - Caterina Gagliano
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Enna “Kore”, Piazza dell’Università, 94100 Enna, Italy
- Eye Clinic, Catania University San Marco Hospital, Viale Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, 95121 Catania, Italy
| | - Philip Anthony Bloom
- Imperial College Ophthalmic Research Group (ICORG) Unit, Imperial College, London NW1 5QH, UK; (F.D.)
- Western Eye Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London NW1 5QH, UK
| | - Maria Francesca Cordeiro
- Eye Clinic, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Western Eye Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London NW1 5QH, UK
| | - Alessandro Avitabile
- Eye Clinic, Catania University San Marco Hospital, Viale Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, 95121 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gagliano
- Eye Clinic, Catania University San Marco Hospital, Viale Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, 95121 Catania, Italy
| | - Ciro Costagliola
- Eye Clinic, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Teresio Avitabile
- Eye Clinic, Catania University San Marco Hospital, Viale Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, 95121 Catania, Italy
| | - Mutali Musa
- Department of Optometry, University of Benin, Benin City 300238, Nigeria
| | - Marco Zeppieri
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
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6
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Mennitti LV, de Souza EA, Santamarina AB, Sertorio MN, Jucá A, De Souza DV, Ribeiro DA, Pisani LP. Maternal dietary fatty acid composition and content prior to and during pregnancy and lactation influences serum profile, liver phenotype and hepatic miRNA expression in young male and female offspring. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 129:109639. [PMID: 38583498 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate whether modifying the pre-gestational lipid content could mitigate metabolic damage in offspring from dams exposed to a high-fat (HF) diet before conception and during pregnancy and lactation, with a focus on sex-specific outcomes. Specific effects of maternal normolipidic diets on offspring were also assessed. Female Wistar rats received control (C) or HF diets before conception. During pregnancy and lactation, females were distributed in five groups: C-C, HF-HF, HF-C, HF-saturated (HF-S) or HF-polyunsaturated n-3 group (HF-P). Saturated and PUFA n-3 diets were normolipidic. In 21-day-old offspring, corporal parameters, adiposity, serum metabolites, OGTT, liver phenotype, and miR-34a-5p hepatic expression were determined. Pre-gestational HF diet impaired glycemic response in females, independent of any change in body weight. Female and male offspring from dams continuously exposed to HF diet exhibited hyperglycemia, increased adiposity, and disrupted serum lipid profiles. Male offspring showed increased hepatic fat accumulation and miR-34a-5p expression. Shifting maternal dietary lipid content to normolipidic diets restored offspring's phenotype; however, decreased SIRT1, IRβ and IRS1 expression in offspring from dams exposed to HF diet before conception suggested early indicators of glucose metabolism damage. Our findings indicated a pronounced metabolic impact on males. In conclusion, glucose tolerance impairment in females before conception disturbed intrauterine environment, influencing in offspring's phenotype. Modifying maternal dietary lipid content mitigated effects of pre-gestational HF diet exposure on young offspring. Nevertheless, decreased hepatic levels of critical insulin signaling proteins indicated that independently of the maternal diet, pre-existing HF diet-induced glucose intolerance before conception may adversely program the offspring's phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís Vales Mennitti
- Department of Bioscience, Institute of Health and Society, Laboratory of Nutrition and Endocrine Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, Brazil; Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Esther Alves de Souza
- Department of Bioscience, Institute of Health and Society, Laboratory of Nutrition and Endocrine Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
| | - Aline Boveto Santamarina
- Department of Bioscience, Institute of Health and Society, Laboratory of Nutrition and Endocrine Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
| | - Marcela Nascimento Sertorio
- Department of Bioscience, Institute of Health and Society, Laboratory of Nutrition and Endocrine Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
| | - Andrea Jucá
- Department of Bioscience, Institute of Health and Society, Laboratory of Nutrition and Endocrine Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
| | - Daniel Vitor De Souza
- Department of Bioscience, Institute of Health and Society, Laboratory of Nutrition and Endocrine Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
| | - Daniel Araki Ribeiro
- Department of Bioscience, Institute of Health and Society, Laboratory of Nutrition and Endocrine Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
| | - Luciana Pellegrini Pisani
- Department of Bioscience, Institute of Health and Society, Laboratory of Nutrition and Endocrine Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, Brazil.
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7
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Siller Wilks SJ, Heidinger BJ, Westneat DF, Solomon J, Rubenstein DR. The impact of parental and developmental stress on DNA methylation in the avian hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Mol Ecol 2024; 33:e17291. [PMID: 38343177 DOI: 10.1111/mec.17291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis coordinates an organism's response to environmental stress. The responsiveness and sensitivity of an offspring's stress response may be shaped not only by stressors encountered in their early post-natal environment but also by stressors in their parent's environment. Yet, few studies have considered how stressors encountered in both of these early life environments may function together to impact the developing HPA axis. Here, we manipulated stressors in the parental and post-natal environments in a population of house sparrows (Passer domesticus) to assess their impact on changes in DNA methylation (and corresponding gene expression) in a suite of genes within the HPA axis. We found that nestlings that experienced early life stress across both life-history periods had higher DNA methylation in a critical HPA axis gene, the glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1). In addition, we found that the life-history stage when stress was encountered impacted some genes (HSD11B1, NR3C1 and NR3C2) differently. We also found evidence for the mitigation of parental stress by post-natal stress (in HSD11B1 and NR3C2). Finally, by assessing DNA methylation in both the brain and blood, we were able to evaluate cross-tissue patterns. While some differentially methylated regions were tissue-specific, we found cross-tissue changes in NR3C2 and NR3C1, suggesting that blood is a suitable tissue for assessing DNA methylation as a biomarker of early life stress. Our results provide a crucial first step in understanding the mechanisms by which early life stress in different life-history periods contributes to changes in the epigenome of the HPA axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie J Siller Wilks
- Department of Ecology Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Britt J Heidinger
- Biological Sciences Department, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
| | - David F Westneat
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Joseph Solomon
- Department of Ecology Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dustin R Rubenstein
- Department of Ecology Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
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8
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Göpel T, Burggren WW. Temperature and hypoxia trigger developmental phenotypic plasticity of cardiorespiratory physiology and growth in the parthenogenetic marbled crayfish, Procambarus virginalis Lyko, 2017. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2024; 288:111562. [PMID: 38113959 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.111562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Attempting to differentiate phenotypic variation caused by environmentally-induced alterations in gene expression from that caused by actual allelic differences can be experimentally difficult. Environmental variables must be carefully controlled and then interindividual genetic differences ruled out as sources of phenotypic variation. We investigated phenotypic variability of cardiorespiratory physiology as well as biometric traits in the parthenogenetically-reproducing marbled crayfish Procambarus virginalis Lyko, 2017, all offspring being genetically identical clones. Populations of P. virginalis were reared from eggs tank-bred at four different temperatures (16, 19, 22 and 25 °C) or two different oxygen levels (9.5 and 20 kPa). Then, at Stage 3 and 4 juvenile stages, physiological (heart rate, oxygen consumption) and morphological (carapace length, body mass) variables were measured. Heart rate and oxygen consumption measured at 23 °C showed only small effects of rearing temperature in Stage 3 juveniles, with larger effects evident in older, Stage 4 juveniles. Additionally, coefficients of variation were calculated to compare our data to previously published data on P. virginalis as well as sexually-reproducing crayfish. Comparison revealed that carapace length, body mass and heart rate (but not oxygen consumption) indeed showed lower, yet notable coefficients of variation in clonal crayfish. Yet, despite being genetically identical, significant variation in their morphology and physiology in response to different rearing conditions nonetheless occurred in marbled crayfish. This suggests that epigenetically induced phenotypic variation might play a significant role in asexual but also sexually reproducing species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torben Göpel
- Developmental Integrative Biology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA; Multiscale Biology, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Warren W Burggren
- Developmental Integrative Biology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
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9
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Gladwell LR, Ahiarah C, Rasheed S, Rahman SM, Choudhury M. Traditional Therapeutics and Potential Epidrugs for CVD: Why Not Both? Life (Basel) 2023; 14:23. [PMID: 38255639 PMCID: PMC10820772 DOI: 10.3390/life14010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. In addition to the high mortality rate, people suffering from CVD often endure difficulties with physical activities and productivity that significantly affect their quality of life. The high prevalence of debilitating risk factors such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, smoking, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia only predicts a bleak future. Current traditional CVD interventions offer temporary respite; however, they compound the severe economic strain of health-related expenditures. Furthermore, these therapeutics can be prescribed indefinitely. Recent advances in the field of epigenetics have generated new treatment options by confronting CVD at an epigenetic level. This involves modulating gene expression by altering the organization of our genome rather than altering the DNA sequence itself. Epigenetic changes are heritable, reversible, and influenced by environmental factors such as medications. As CVD is physiologically and pathologically diverse in nature, epigenetic interventions can offer a ray of hope to replace or be combined with traditional therapeutics to provide the prospect of addressing more than just the symptoms of CVD. This review discusses various risk factors contributing to CVD, perspectives of current traditional medications in practice, and a focus on potential epigenetic therapeutics to be used as alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Rae Gladwell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas A&M Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, 1114 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Chidinma Ahiarah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas A&M Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, 1114 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Shireen Rasheed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas A&M Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, 1114 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Shaikh Mizanoor Rahman
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al-Mouz, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Mahua Choudhury
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas A&M Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, 1114 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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10
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Lin CY, Chang YM, Tseng HY, Shih YL, Yeh HH, Liao YR, Tang HH, Hsu CL, Chen CC, Yan YT, Kao CF. Epigenetic regulator RNF20 underlies temporal hierarchy of gene expression to regulate postnatal cardiomyocyte polarization. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113416. [PMID: 37967007 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Differentiated cardiomyocytes (CMs) must undergo diverse morphological and functional changes during postnatal development. However, the mechanisms underlying initiation and coordination of these changes remain unclear. Here, we delineate an integrated, time-ordered transcriptional network that begins with expression of genes for cell-cell connections and leads to a sequence of structural, cell-cycle, functional, and metabolic transitions in mouse postnatal hearts. Depletion of histone H2B ubiquitin ligase RNF20 disrupts this gene network and impairs CM polarization. Subsequently, assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq) analysis confirmed that RNF20 contributes to chromatin accessibility in this context. As such, RNF20 is likely to facilitate binding of transcription factors at the promoters of genes involved in cell-cell connections and actin organization, which are crucial for CM polarization and functional integration. These results suggest that CM polarization is one of the earliest events during postnatal heart development and provide insights into how RNF20 regulates CM polarity and the postnatal gene program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Yeh Lin
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Ming Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Tseng
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ling Shih
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Hui Yeh
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - You-Rou Liao
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Han-Hsuan Tang
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ling Hsu
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chang Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Yan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Fu Kao
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan.
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11
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Guiducci L, Cabiati M, Santocchi E, Prosperi M, Morales MA, Muratori F, Randazzo E, Federico G, Calderoni S, Del Ry S. Expression of miRNAs in Pre-Schoolers with Autism Spectrum Disorders Compared with Typically Developing Peers and Its Effects after Probiotic Supplementation. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7162. [PMID: 38002774 PMCID: PMC10672692 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12227162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Alteration of the microbiota-gut-brain axis has been recently recognized as a possible contributor to the physiopathology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In this context, microRNA (miRNAs) dysfunction, implicated both in several neuropathological conditions including ASD and in different gastrointestinal disorders (GIDs), could represent an important modulating factor. In this contextual framework, we studied the transcriptional profile of specific circulating miRNAs associated with both ASD (miR-197-5p, miR-424-5p, miR-500a-5p, miR-664a-5p) and GID (miR-21-5p, miR-320a-5p, miR-31-5p, miR-223-5p) in a group of pre-schoolers with ASD and in typically developing (TD) peers. In the ASD group, we also assessed the same miRNAs after a 6-month supplementation with probiotics and their correlation with plasma levels of zonulin and lactoferrin. At baseline, the expression of miRNAs involved in ASD were significantly reduced in ASD pre-schoolers vs. TD controls. Regarding the miRNAs involved in GID, the expression levels of miR-320-5p, miR-31-5p, and miR-223-5p were significantly higher in ASD than in TD subjects, whereas miR-21-5p showed significantly reduced expression in the ASD group vs. TD group. Supplementation with probiotics did not significantly change the expression of miRNAs in the ASD population. We found a significative negative correlation between zonulin and miR-197-5p and miR-21-5p at baseline, as well as between lactoferrin and miR-223-5p after 6 months of probiotic supplementation. Our study confirms the presence of an altered profile of the miRNAs investigated in ASD versus TD peers that was not modified by supplementation with probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Guiducci
- CNR, Institute of Clinical Physiology, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (L.G.); (M.C.); (M.A.M.); (S.D.R.)
| | - Manuela Cabiati
- CNR, Institute of Clinical Physiology, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (L.G.); (M.C.); (M.A.M.); (S.D.R.)
| | - Elisa Santocchi
- UFSMIA Zona Valle del Serchio, Azienda USL Toscana Nord Ovest, 55032 Castelnuovo di Garfagnana, Italy;
| | - Margherita Prosperi
- UFSMIA Valdera-Alta Val di Cecina, Azienda USL Toscana Nord Ovest, 56128 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Maria Aurora Morales
- CNR, Institute of Clinical Physiology, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (L.G.); (M.C.); (M.A.M.); (S.D.R.)
| | - Filippo Muratori
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, 56128 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Emioli Randazzo
- Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (E.R.); (G.F.)
| | - Giovanni Federico
- Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (E.R.); (G.F.)
| | - Sara Calderoni
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, 56128 Pisa, Italy;
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Silvia Del Ry
- CNR, Institute of Clinical Physiology, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (L.G.); (M.C.); (M.A.M.); (S.D.R.)
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12
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Pataky MW, Dasari S, Michie KL, Sevits KJ, Kumar AA, Klaus KA, Heppelmann CJ, Robinson MM, Carter RE, Lanza IR, Nair KS. Impact of biological sex and sex hormones on molecular signatures of skeletal muscle at rest and in response to distinct exercise training modes. Cell Metab 2023; 35:1996-2010.e6. [PMID: 37939659 PMCID: PMC10659143 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Substantial divergence in cardio-metabolic risk, muscle size, and performance exists between men and women. Considering the pivotal role of skeletal muscle in human physiology, we investigated and found, based on RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), that differences in the muscle transcriptome between men and women are largely related to testosterone and estradiol and much less related to genes located on the Y chromosome. We demonstrate inherent unique, sex-dependent differences in muscle transcriptional responses to aerobic, resistance, and combined exercise training in young and older cohorts. The hormonal changes with age likely explain age-related differential expression of transcripts. Furthermore, in primary human myotubes we demonstrate the profound but distinct effects of testosterone and estradiol on amino acid incorporation to multiple individual proteins with specific functions. These results clearly highlight the potential of designing exercise programs tailored specifically to men and women and have implications for people who change gender by altering their hormone profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark W Pataky
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Surendra Dasari
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kelly L Michie
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kyle J Sevits
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - A Aneesh Kumar
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Katherine A Klaus
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Matthew M Robinson
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Rickey E Carter
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ian R Lanza
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - K Sreekumaran Nair
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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13
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Miao B, Xing X, Bazylianska V, Madden P, Moszczynska A, Zhang B. Methamphetamine-induced region-specific transcriptomic and epigenetic changes in the brain of male rats. Commun Biol 2023; 6:991. [PMID: 37758941 PMCID: PMC10533900 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05355-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychostimulant methamphetamine (METH) is neurotoxic to the brain and, therefore, its misuse leads to neurological and psychiatric disorders. The gene regulatory network (GRN) response to neurotoxic METH binge remains unclear in most brain regions. Here we examined the effects of binge METH on the GRN in the nucleus accumbens, dentate gyrus, Ammon's horn, and subventricular zone in male rats. At 24 h after METH, ~16% of genes displayed altered expression and over a quarter of previously open chromatin regions - parts of the genome where genes are typically active - showed shifts in their accessibility. Intriguingly, most changes were unique to each area studied, and independent regulation between transcriptome and chromatin accessibility was observed. Unexpectedly, METH differentially impacted gene activity and chromatin accessibility within the dentate gyrus and Ammon's horn. Around 70% of the affected chromatin-accessible regions in the rat brain have conserved DNA sequences in the human genome. These regions frequently act as enhancers, ramping up the activity of nearby genes, and contain mutations linked to various neurological conditions. By sketching out the gene regulatory networks associated with binge METH in specific brain regions, our study offers fresh insights into how METH can trigger profound, region-specific molecular shifts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benpeng Miao
- Department of Developmental Biology, Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Genetics, Center for Genomic Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Xiaoyun Xing
- Department of Genetics, Center for Genomic Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Viktoriia Bazylianska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Pamela Madden
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Anna Moszczynska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Developmental Biology, Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
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14
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Rahman SR, Lozier JD. Genome-wide DNA methylation patterns in bumble bee (Bombus vosnesenskii) populations from spatial-environmental range extremes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14901. [PMID: 37689750 PMCID: PMC10492822 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41896-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Unraveling molecular mechanisms of adaptation to complex environments is crucial to understanding tolerance of abiotic pressures and responses to climatic change. Epigenetic variation is increasingly recognized as a mechanism that can facilitate rapid responses to changing environmental cues. To investigate variation in genetic and epigenetic diversity at spatial and thermal extremes, we use whole genome and methylome sequencing to generate a high-resolution map of DNA methylation in the bumble bee Bombus vosnesenskii. We sample two populations representing spatial and environmental range extremes (a warm southern low-elevation site and a cold northern high-elevation site) previously shown to exhibit differences in thermal tolerance and determine positions in the genome that are consistently and variably methylated across samples. Bisulfite sequencing reveals methylation characteristics similar to other arthropods, with low global CpG methylation but high methylation concentrated in gene bodies and in genome regions with low nucleotide diversity. Differentially methylated sites (n = 2066) were largely hypomethylated in the northern high-elevation population but not related to local sequence differentiation. The concentration of methylated and differentially methylated sites in exons and putative promoter regions suggests a possible role in gene regulation, and this high-resolution analysis of intraspecific epigenetic variation in wild Bombus suggests that the function of methylation in niche adaptation would be worth further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeffrey D Lozier
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
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15
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la Torre A, Lo Vecchio F, Greco A. Epigenetic Mechanisms of Aging and Aging-Associated Diseases. Cells 2023; 12:cells12081163. [PMID: 37190071 DOI: 10.3390/cells12081163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is an inevitable outcome of life, characterized by a progressive decline in tissue and organ function. At a molecular level, it is marked by the gradual alterations of biomolecules. Indeed, important changes are observed on the DNA, as well as at a protein level, that are influenced by both genetic and environmental parameters. These molecular changes directly contribute to the development or progression of several human pathologies, including cancer, diabetes, osteoporosis, neurodegenerative disorders and others aging-related diseases. Additionally, they increase the risk of mortality. Therefore, deciphering the hallmarks of aging represents a possibility for identifying potential druggable targets to attenuate the aging process, and then the age-related comorbidities. Given the link between aging, genetic, and epigenetic alterations, and given the reversible nature of epigenetic mechanisms, the precisely understanding of these factors may provide a potential therapeutic approach for age-related decline and disease. In this review, we center on epigenetic regulatory mechanisms and their aging-associated changes, highlighting their inferences in age-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria la Torre
- Laboratory of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy
| | - Filomena Lo Vecchio
- Laboratory of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonio Greco
- Complex Unit of Geriatrics, Department of Medical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy
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Navarrete B, Ibeas JI, Barrales RR. Systematic characterization of Ustilago maydis sirtuins shows Sir2 as a modulator of pathogenic gene expression. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1157990. [PMID: 37113216 PMCID: PMC10126416 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1157990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytopathogenic fungi must adapt to the different environmental conditions found during infection and avoid the immune response of the plant. For these adaptations, fungi must tightly control gene expression, allowing sequential changes in transcriptional programs. In addition to transcription factors, chromatin modification is used by eukaryotic cells as a different layer of transcriptional control. Specifically, the acetylation of histones is one of the chromatin modifications with a strong impact on gene expression. Hyperacetylated regions usually correlate with high transcription and hypoacetylated areas with low transcription. Thus, histone deacetylases (HDACs) commonly act as repressors of transcription. One member of the family of HDACs is represented by sirtuins, which are deacetylases dependent on NAD+, and, thus, their activity is considered to be related to the physiological stage of the cells. This property makes sirtuins good regulators during environmental changes. However, only a few examples exist, and with differences in the extent of the implication of the role of sirtuins during fungal phytopathogenesis. In this work, we have performed a systematic study of sirtuins in the maize pathogen Ustilago maydis, finding Sir2 to be involved in the dimorphic switch from yeast cell to filament and pathogenic development. Specifically, the deletion of sir2 promotes filamentation, whereas its overexpression highly reduces tumor formation in the plant. Moreover, transcriptomic analysis revealed that Sir2 represses genes that are expressed during biotrophism development. Interestingly, our results suggest that this repressive effect is not through histone deacetylation, indicating a different target of Sir2 in this fungus.
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Chang T, Lian Z, Ma S, Liang Z, Ma X, Wen X, Wang Y, Liu R. Combination with vorinostat enhances the antitumor activity of cisplatin in castration-resistant prostate cancer by inhibiting DNA damage repair pathway and detoxification of GSH. Prostate 2023; 83:470-486. [PMID: 36576015 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Like DNA methylation, histone modifications are considered important processes for epigenetic alterations in gene function, and abnormally high expression of histone deacetylases (HDACs) plays a key role in many human diseases. In addition to regulating the acetylation levels of histone and non-histone proteins and gene transcription, HDAC inhibitors as antitumor drugs can also affect the DNA damage repair (DDR) pathway in tumor cells. Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most heritable malignancies in which DDR pathway defects can be detected in a considerable proportion of cases. Such defects are more prevalent in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and are highly enriched in metastatic lesions. There is currently evidence that DDR pathway-deficient PCa is associated with high-risk biological behaviors and response sensitivity to platinum-based chemotherapy. Platinum-based drugs have been used in multiple clinical trials as monotherapy or in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of CRPC. METHODS This study evaluated the combined anticancer effect of (cisplatin) CDDP and the HDAC inhibitors vorinostat (SAHA) on three androgen-dependent cell lines PC-3, DU-145, and C4-2B in vitro. The efficacy and safety of SAHA combined with CDDP in the treatment of CRPC were further verified through animal experiments. RESULTS The combination of the two drugs increases cytotoxic effects by increasing DNA damage. Our results showed that the SAHA could not only reduce the expression of homologous recombinant repair proteins BRCA2, BRCA1, PARP1, and RAD51, but also decrease enzymes that Reduce the key enzymes of GSH biosynthesis, GSS and GCLC, and GSTP1 which can catalyze the binding of GSH to cisplatin. The intracellular GSH level also decreased with the increase of SAHA concentration, at the same time, the content of intracellular Pt element. CONCLUSION The combination of CDDP and SAHA can produce synergistic anticancer effects in androgen-independent PCa cells in vitro and in vivo. Our results open up a new avenue for the effective treatment of CRPC. To optimize the chemotherapy regimen for patients with advanced PCa, it is necessary to further study the molecular mechanism of platinum drugs, HDAC inhibitors, and their combined action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taihao Chang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenpeng Lian
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shenfei Ma
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhengxin Liang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xudong Ma
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaodong Wen
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanming Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ranlu Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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18
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Taspase1 Facilitates Topoisomerase IIβ-Mediated DNA Double-Strand Breaks Driving Estrogen-Induced Transcription. Cells 2023; 12:cells12030363. [PMID: 36766705 PMCID: PMC9913075 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The human protease Taspase1 plays a pivotal role in developmental processes and cancerous diseases by processing critical regulators, such as the leukemia proto-oncoprotein MLL. Despite almost two decades of intense research, Taspase1's biology is, however, still poorly understood, and so far its cellular function was not assigned to a superordinate biological pathway or a specific signaling cascade. Our data, gained by methods such as co-immunoprecipitation, LC-MS/MS and Topoisomerase II DNA cleavage assays, now functionally link Taspase1 and hormone-induced, Topoisomerase IIβ-mediated transient DNA double-strand breaks, leading to active transcription. The specific interaction with Topoisomerase IIα enhances the formation of DNA double-strand breaks that are a key prerequisite for stimulus-driven gene transcription. Moreover, Taspase1 alters the H3K4 epigenetic signature upon estrogen-stimulation by cleaving the chromatin-modifying enzyme MLL. As estrogen-driven transcription and MLL-derived epigenetic labelling are reduced upon Taspase1 siRNA-mediated knockdown, we finally characterize Taspase1 as a multifunctional co-activator of estrogen-stimulated transcription.
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19
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Carollo PS, Barra V. Chromatin epigenetics and nuclear lamina keep the nucleus in shape: Examples from natural and accelerated aging. Biol Cell 2023; 115:e2200023. [PMID: 36117150 DOI: 10.1111/boc.202200023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
As the repository of genetic information, the cell nucleus must protect DNA integrity from mechanical stresses. The nuclear lamina, which resides within the nuclear envelope (NE), is made up of lamins, intermediate filaments bound to DNA. The nuclear lamina provides the nucleus with the ability to deal with inward as well as outward mechanical stimuli. Chromatin, in turn, through its degrees of compaction, shares this role with the nuclear lamina, thus, ensuring the plasticity of the nucleus. Perturbation of chromatin condensation or the nuclear lamina has been linked to a plethora of biological conditions, that range from cancer and genetic diseases (laminopathies) to aging, both natural and accelerated, such as the case of Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS). From the experimental results accumulated so far on the topic, a direct link between variations of the epigenetic pattern and nuclear lamina structure would be suggested, however, it has never been clarified thoroughly. This relationship, instead, has a downstream important implication on nucleus shape, genome preservation, force sensing, and, ultimately, aging-related disease onset. With this review, we aim to collect recent studies on the importance of both nuclear lamina components and chromatin status in nuclear mechanics. We also aim to bring to light evidence of the link between DNA methylation and nuclear lamina in natural and accelerated aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Salvatore Carollo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Viviana Barra
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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20
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Cabana-Domínguez J, Antón-Galindo E, Fernàndez-Castillo N, Singgih EL, O'Leary A, Norton WH, Strekalova T, Schenck A, Reif A, Lesch KP, Slattery D, Cormand B. The translational genetics of ADHD and related phenotypes in model organisms. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 144:104949. [PMID: 36368527 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder resulting from the interaction between genetic and environmental risk factors. It is well known that ADHD co-occurs frequently with other psychiatric disorders due, in part, to shared genetics factors. Although many studies have contributed to delineate the genetic landscape of psychiatric disorders, their specific molecular underpinnings are still not fully understood. The use of animal models can help us to understand the role of specific genes and environmental stimuli-induced epigenetic modifications in the pathogenesis of ADHD and its comorbidities. The aim of this review is to provide an overview on the functional work performed in rodents, zebrafish and fruit fly and highlight the generated insights into the biology of ADHD, with a special focus on genetics and epigenetics. We also describe the behavioral tests that are available to study ADHD-relevant phenotypes and comorbid traits in these models. Furthermore, we have searched for new models to study ADHD and its comorbidities, which can be useful to test potential pharmacological treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Cabana-Domínguez
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Ester Antón-Galindo
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Noèlia Fernàndez-Castillo
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Euginia L Singgih
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Aet O'Leary
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; Division of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Psychology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - William Hg Norton
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Tatyana Strekalova
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany, and Department of Neuropsychology and Psychiatry, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Annette Schenck
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Andreas Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Klaus-Peter Lesch
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany, and Department of Neuropsychology and Psychiatry, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - David Slattery
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Bru Cormand
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain.
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21
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Cao R, Xie J, Zhang L. Abnormal methylation caused by folic acid deficiency in neural tube defects. Open Life Sci 2022; 17:1679-1688. [PMID: 36589786 PMCID: PMC9784971 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural tube closure disorders, including anencephaly, spina bifida, and encephalocele, cause neural tube defects (NTDs). This congenital disability remained not only a major contributor to the prevalence of stillbirths and neonatal deaths but also a significant cause of lifelong physical disability in surviving infants. NTDs are complex diseases caused by multiple etiologies, levels, and mechanisms. Currently, the pathogenesis of NTDs is considered to be associated with both genetic and environmental factors. Here, we aimed to review the research progress on the etiology and mechanism of NTDs induced by methylation modification caused by folic acid deficiency. Folic acid supplementation in the diet is reported to be beneficial in preventing NTDs. Methylation modification is one of the most important epigenetic modifications crucial for brain neurodevelopment. Disturbances in folic acid metabolism and decreased S-adenosylmethionine levels lead to reduced methyl donors and methylation modification disorders. In this review, we summarized the relationship between NTDs, folic acid metabolism, and related methylation of DNA, imprinted genes, cytoskeletal protein, histone, RNA, and non-coding RNA, so as to clarify the role of folic acid and methylation in NTDs and to better understand the various pathogenesis mechanisms of NTDs and the effective prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Cao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Key Laboratory for Cellular Physiology of Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, No. 56, Xinjian South Road, Yingze District, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China,Shanxi Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Shanxi Biological Research Institute Co., Ltd, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Key Laboratory for Cellular Physiology of Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, No. 56, Xinjian South Road, Yingze District, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Key Laboratory for Cellular Physiology of Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, No. 56, Xinjian South Road, Yingze District, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplant Center, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 56, Xinjian South Road, Yingze District, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
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22
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Timmers ER, Plösch T, Smit M, Hof IH, Verkaik-Schakel RN, Tijssen MAJ, de Koning TJ, Niezen-Koning KE. Methylation of the serotonin reuptake transporter gene and non-motor symptoms in dystonia patients. Clin Epigenetics 2022; 14:170. [PMID: 36503539 PMCID: PMC9743677 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-022-01384-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dystonia is a rare movement disorder, in which patients suffer from involuntary twisting movements or abnormal posturing. Next to these motor symptoms, patients have a high prevalence of psychiatric comorbidity, suggesting a role for serotonin in its pathophysiology. This study investigates the percentage of DNA methylation of the gene encoding for the serotonin reuptake transporter (SLC6A4) in dystonia patients and the associations between methylation levels and presence and severity of psychiatric symptoms. METHODS Patients with cervical dystonia (n = 49), myoclonus dystonia (n = 41) and dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD) (n = 27) and a group of healthy controls (n = 56) were included. Psychiatric comorbidity was evaluated with validated questionnaires. Methylation levels of 20 CpG sites situated 69 to 213 base pairs upstream of the start codon of SLC6A4 were investigated. Methylation in dystonia patients was compared to healthy controls, correcting for age, and correlated with psychiatric comorbidity. RESULTS Bootstrapped quantile regression analysis showed that being a dystonia patient compared to a healthy control significantly explains the methylation level at two CpG sites (CpG 24: pseudo-R2 = 0.05, p = 0.04, CpG 32: pseudo-R2 = 0.14, p = 0.03). Subgroup analysis revealed that being a DRD patient significantly explained a part of the variance of methylation levels at two CpG sites (CpG 21: pseudo-R2 = 0.03, p = 0.00, CpG 24: pseudo-R2 = 0.06, p = 0.03). Regression analysis showed that methylation level at CpG 38 significantly explained a small proportion of the variance of severity score for anxiety (R2 = 0.07, p = 0.04) and having a diagnosis of depression (Nagelkerke R2: 0.11, p = 0.00). Genotype of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism had no additional effect on these associations. CONCLUSIONS This study showed an association between percentage of methylation at several specific sites of the promoter region of SLCA64 and (dopa-responsive) dystonia patients compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, methylation levels were associated with severity of anxiety and presence of a depressive disorder in the dystonia group. This study suggests alterations in the serotonergic metabolism in dystonia patients, and its relation with the non-motor symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elze R. Timmers
- grid.4830.f0000 0004 0407 1981Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands ,grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Expertise Center Movement Disorders Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Torsten Plösch
- grid.4830.f0000 0004 0407 1981Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marenka Smit
- grid.4830.f0000 0004 0407 1981Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands ,grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Expertise Center Movement Disorders Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid H. Hof
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rikst Nynke Verkaik-Schakel
- grid.4830.f0000 0004 0407 1981Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marina A. J. Tijssen
- grid.4830.f0000 0004 0407 1981Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands ,grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Expertise Center Movement Disorders Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tom J. de Koning
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Expertise Center Movement Disorders Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands ,grid.4514.40000 0001 0930 2361Pediatrics, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Box 117, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Klary E. Niezen-Koning
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Expertise Center Movement Disorders Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands ,grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
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23
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Desmettre T, Gatinel D, Leveziel N. Épigénétique et myopie : mécanismes et perspectives thérapeutiques. J Fr Ophtalmol 2022; 45:1209-1216. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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24
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N(6)-methyladenosine modification: A vital role of programmed cell death in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Int J Cardiol 2022; 367:11-19. [PMID: 36002042 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2022.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
N(6)-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is closely associated with myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI). As the most common modification among RNA modifications, the reversible m6A modification is processed by methylase ("writers") and demethylase ("erasers"). The biological effects of RNA modified by m6A are regulated under the corresponding RNA binding proteins (RBPs) ("readers"). m6A modification regulates the whole process of RNA, including transcription, processing, splicing, nuclear export, stability, degradation, and translation. Programmed cell death (PCD) is a regulated mechanism that maintains the internal environment's stability. PCD plays an essential role in MIRI, including apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and necroptosis. However, the relationship between PCD modified with m6A and MIRI is still not clear. This review summarizes the regulators of m6A modification and their bioeffects on PCD in MIRI.
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25
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Liu Y, Chen C, Wang X, Sun Y, Zhang J, Chen J, Shi Y. An Epigenetic Role of Mitochondria in Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162518. [PMID: 36010594 PMCID: PMC9406960 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are not only the main energy supplier but are also the cell metabolic center regulating multiple key metaborates that play pivotal roles in epigenetics regulation. These metabolites include acetyl-CoA, α-ketoglutarate (α-KG), S-adenosyl methionine (SAM), NAD+, and O-linked beta-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc), which are the main substrates for DNA methylation and histone post-translation modifications, essential for gene transcriptional regulation and cell fate determination. Tumorigenesis is attributed to many factors, including gene mutations and tumor microenvironment. Mitochondria and epigenetics play essential roles in tumor initiation, evolution, metastasis, and recurrence. Targeting mitochondrial metabolism and epigenetics are promising therapeutic strategies for tumor treatment. In this review, we summarize the roles of mitochondria in key metabolites required for epigenetics modification and in cell fate regulation and discuss the current strategy in cancer therapies via targeting epigenetic modifiers and related enzymes in metabolic regulation. This review is an important contribution to the understanding of the current metabolic-epigenetic-tumorigenesis concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu’e Liu
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xinye Wang
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yihong Sun
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Juxiang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai 200433, China
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yufeng Shi
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Clinical Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Research, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (Y.S.)
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26
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A novel aromatic amide derivative SY-65 co-targeted tubulin and histone deacetylase 1 with potent anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 201:115070. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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27
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Yu H, Tuminello S, Alpert N, van Gerwen M, Yoo S, Mulholland DJ, Aaronson SA, Donovan M, Oh WK, Gong Y, Wang L, Zhu J, Taioli E. Global DNA methylation of WTC prostate cancer tissues show signature differences compared to non-exposed cases. Carcinogenesis 2022; 43:528-537. [PMID: 35239955 PMCID: PMC9234756 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgac025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increased incidence of prostate cancer (PC) among World Trade Center (WTC)-exposed responders and community members, with preliminary evidence suggestive of more aggressive disease. While previous research is supportive of differences in DNA methylation and gene expression as a consequence of WTC exposure, as measured in blood of healthy individuals, the epigenetics of WTC PC tissues has yet to be explored. Patients were recruited from the World Trade Center Health Program. Non-WTC PC samples were frequency matched on age, race/ethnicity and Gleason score. Bisulfite-treated DNA was extracted from tumor tissue blocks and used to assess global DNA methylation with the MethylationEPIC BeadChip. Differential and pathway enrichment analyses were conducted. RNA from the same tumor blocks was used for gene expression analysis to further support DNA methylation findings. Methylation data were generated for 28 samples (13 WTC and 15 non-WTC). Statistically significant differences in methylation were observed for 3,586 genes; on average WTC samples were statistically significantly more hypermethylated (P = 0.04131). Pathway enrichment analysis revealed hypermethylation in epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), hypoxia, mitotic spindle, TNFA signaling via NFKB, WNT signaling, and TGF beta signaling pathways in WTC compared to non-WTC samples. The androgen response, G2M and MYC target pathways were hypomethylated. These results correlated well with RNA gene expression. In conclusion, long-term epigenic changes associated with WTC dust exposure were observed in PC tissues. These occurred in genes of critical pathways, likely increasing prostate tumorigenesis potential. This warrants analysis of larger WTC groups and other cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haocheng Yu
- Sema4, a Mount Sinai venture, Stamford, CT, USA
| | - Stephanie Tuminello
- Institute for Translational Epidemiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Population Health, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Naomi Alpert
- Institute for Translational Epidemiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maaike van Gerwen
- Institute for Translational Epidemiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - David J Mulholland
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stuart A Aaronson
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael Donovan
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - William K Oh
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yixuan Gong
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Li Wang
- Sema4, a Mount Sinai venture, Stamford, CT, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomics Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jun Zhu
- Sema4, a Mount Sinai venture, Stamford, CT, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomics Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emanuela Taioli
- Institute for Translational Epidemiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NYUSA
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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28
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Histone Modification on Parathyroid Tumors: A Review of Epigenetics. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105378. [PMID: 35628190 PMCID: PMC9140881 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Parathyroid tumors are very prevalent conditions among endocrine tumors, being the second most common behind thyroid tumors. Secondary hyperplasia can occur beyond benign and malignant neoplasia in parathyroid glands. Adenomas are the leading cause of hyperparathyroidism, while carcinomas represent less than 1% of the cases. Tumor suppressor gene mutations such as MEN1 and CDC73 were demonstrated to be involved in tumor development in both familiar and sporadic types; however, the epigenetic features of the parathyroid tumors are still a little-explored subject. We present a review of epigenetic mechanisms related to parathyroid tumors, emphasizing advances in histone modification and its perspective of becoming a promising area in parathyroid tumor research.
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29
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Liu F, Chen J, Li Z, Meng X. Recent Advances in Epigenetics of Age-Related Kidney Diseases. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13050796. [PMID: 35627181 PMCID: PMC9142069 DOI: 10.3390/genes13050796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal aging has attracted increasing attention in today’s aging society, as elderly people with advanced age are more susceptible to various kidney disorders such as acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). There is no clear-cut universal mechanism for identifying age-related kidney diseases, and therefore, they pose a considerable medical and public health challenge. Epigenetics refers to the study of heritable modifications in the regulation of gene expression that do not require changes in the underlying genomic DNA sequence. A variety of epigenetic modifiers such as histone deacetylases (HDAC) inhibitors and DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitors have been proposed as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in numerous fields including cardiovascular diseases, immune system disease, nervous system diseases, and neoplasms. Accumulating evidence in recent years indicates that epigenetic modifications have been implicated in renal aging. However, no previous systematic review has been performed to systematically generalize the relationship between epigenetics and age-related kidney diseases. In this review, we aim to summarize the recent advances in epigenetic mechanisms of age-related kidney diseases as well as discuss the application of epigenetic modifiers as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the field of age-related kidney diseases. In summary, the main types of epigenetic processes including DNA methylation, histone modifications, non-coding RNA (ncRNA) modulation have all been implicated in the progression of age-related kidney diseases, and therapeutic targeting of these processes will yield novel therapeutic strategies for the prevention and/or treatment of age-related kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China;
| | - Jiefang Chen
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China;
| | - Zhenqiong Li
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China;
- Correspondence: (Z.L.); (X.M.)
| | - Xianfang Meng
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Brain Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Correspondence: (Z.L.); (X.M.)
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30
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Tuminello S, Zhang Y, Yang L, Durmus N, Snuderl M, Heguy A, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte A, Chen Y, Shao Y, Reibman J, Arslan AA. Global DNA Methylation Profiles in Peripheral Blood of WTC-Exposed Community Members with Breast Cancer. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095104. [PMID: 35564499 PMCID: PMC9105091 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer represents the most common cancer diagnosis among World Trade Center (WTC)-exposed community members, residents, and cleanup workers enrolled in the WTC Environmental Health Center (WTC EHC). The primary aims of this study were (1) to compare blood DNA methylation profiles of WTC-exposed community members with breast cancer and WTC-unexposed pre-diagnostic breast cancer blood samples, and (2) to compare the DNA methylation differences among the WTC EHC breast cancer cases and WTC-exposed cancer-free controls. Gene pathway enrichment analyses were further conducted. There were significant differences in DNA methylation between WTC-exposed breast cancer cases and unexposed prediagnostic breast cancer cases. The top differentially methylated genes were Intraflagellar Transport 74 (IFT74), WD repeat-containing protein 90 (WDR90), and Oncomodulin (OCM), which are commonly upregulated in tumors. Probes associated with established tumor suppressor genes (ATM, BRCA1, PALB2, and TP53) were hypermethylated among WTC-exposed breast cancer cases compared to the unexposed group. When comparing WTC EHC breast cancer cases vs. cancer-free controls, there appeared to be global hypomethylation among WTC-exposed breast cancer cases compared to exposed controls. Functional pathway analysis revealed enrichment of several gene pathways in WTC-exposed breast cancer cases including endocytosis, proteoglycans in cancer, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, axon guidance, focal adhesion, calcium signaling, cGMP-PKG signaling, mTOR, Hippo, and oxytocin signaling. The results suggest potential epigenetic links between WTC exposure and breast cancer in local community members enrolled in the WTC EHC program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Tuminello
- Department of Population Health, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA; (Y.Z.); (A.Z.-J.); (Y.C.); (Y.S.)
- Correspondence: (S.T.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Yian Zhang
- Department of Population Health, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA; (Y.Z.); (A.Z.-J.); (Y.C.); (Y.S.)
| | - Lei Yang
- Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA 02141, USA;
| | - Nedim Durmus
- Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA; (N.D.); (J.R.)
| | - Matija Snuderl
- Department of Pathology, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA; (M.S.); (A.H.)
| | - Adriana Heguy
- Department of Pathology, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA; (M.S.); (A.H.)
- NYU Langone’s Genome Technology Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Anne Zeleniuch-Jacquotte
- Department of Population Health, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA; (Y.Z.); (A.Z.-J.); (Y.C.); (Y.S.)
- NYU Perlmutter Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Population Health, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA; (Y.Z.); (A.Z.-J.); (Y.C.); (Y.S.)
- NYU Perlmutter Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Yongzhao Shao
- Department of Population Health, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA; (Y.Z.); (A.Z.-J.); (Y.C.); (Y.S.)
- NYU Perlmutter Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Joan Reibman
- Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA; (N.D.); (J.R.)
| | - Alan A. Arslan
- Department of Population Health, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA; (Y.Z.); (A.Z.-J.); (Y.C.); (Y.S.)
- NYU Perlmutter Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Correspondence: (S.T.); (A.A.A.)
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31
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Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) Inhibitors: A Promising Weapon to Tackle Therapy Resistance in Melanoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073660. [PMID: 35409020 PMCID: PMC8998190 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is an aggressive malignant tumor, arising more commonly on the skin, while it can also occur on mucosal surfaces and the uveal tract of the eye. In the context of the unresectable and metastatic cases that account for the vast majority of melanoma-related deaths, the currently available therapeutic options are of limited value. The exponentially increasing knowledge in the field of molecular biology has identified epigenetic reprogramming and more specifically histone deacetylation (HDAC), as a crucial regulator of melanoma progression and as a key driver in the emergence of drug resistance. A variety of HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) have been developed and evaluated in multiple solid and hematologic malignancies, showing promising results. In melanoma, various experimental models have elucidated a critical role of histone deacetylases in disease pathogenesis. They could, therefore, represent a promising novel therapeutic approach for advanced disease. A number of clinical trials assessing the efficacy of HDACi have already been completed, while a few more are in progress. Despite some early promising signs, a lot of work is required in the field of clinical studies, and larger patient cohorts are needed in order for more valid conclusions to be extracted, regarding the potential of HDACi as mainstream treatment options for melanoma.
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32
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Tasin FR, Ahmed A, Halder D, Mandal C. On-going consequences of in utero exposure of Pb: An epigenetic perspective. J Appl Toxicol 2022; 42:1553-1569. [PMID: 35023172 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications by toxic heavy metals are one of the intensively investigated fields of modern genomic research. Among a diverse group of heavy metals, lead (Pb) is an extensively distributed toxicant causing an immense number of abnormalities in the developing fetus via a wide variety of epigenetic changes. As a divalent cation, Pb can readily cross the placental membrane and the fetal blood brain barrier leading to far-reaching alterations in DNA methylation patterns, histone protein modifications and micro-RNA expression. Over recent years, several human cohorts and animal model studies have documented hyper- and hypo-methylation of developmental genes along with altered DNA methyl-transferase expression by in utero Pb exposure in a dose-, duration- and sex-dependent manner. Modifications in the expression of specific histone acetyltransferase enzymes along with histone acetylation and methylation levels have been reported in rodent and murine models. Apart from these, down-regulation and up-regulation of certain microRNAs crucial for fetal development have been shown to be associated with in utero Pb exposure in human placenta samples. All these modifications in the developing fetus during the prenatal and perinatal stages reportedly caused severe abnormalities in early or adult age, such as - impaired growth, obesity, autism, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, risks of cancer development and Alzheimer's disease. In this review, currently available information on Pb-mediated alterations in the fetal epigenome is summarized. Further research on Pb-induced epigenome modification will help to understand the mechanisms in detail and will enable us to formulate safety guidelines for pregnant women and developing children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahim Rejanur Tasin
- Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Asif Ahmed
- Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Debasish Halder
- Rare Disease research center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanchal Mandal
- Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
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Zhang J, Li Q, Sun Q, Wang B, Cui Y, Lou C, Yao Y, Zhang Y. Epigenetic modifications inhibit the expression of MARVELD1 and in turn tumorigenesis by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in pan-cancer. J Cancer 2022; 13:225-242. [PMID: 34976185 PMCID: PMC8692698 DOI: 10.7150/jca.63608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
MARVEL domain-containing 1 (MARVELD1) is one of the MARVEL domain-containing proteins. Expression of MARVELD1 in tumor and non-tumor tissues, the relationship between its expression and cancer prognosis, and upstream regulation of MARVELD1 were examined using pan-cancer data from The Cancer Genome Atlas. MARVELD1 expression was significantly downregulated in tissues used for pan-cancer analysis compared to that in normal tissues. Low expression of MARVELD1 was associated with poor disease outcomes in pan-cancer. Colon cancer patients with low expression of MARVELD1 had worse progression free survival and overall survival than those with high expression levels in our cohort. Hypermethylation and histone modification in the MARVELD1 promoter locus synergistically affected its expression in pan-cancer. The function of MARVELD1 in colon cancer remains to be studied. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis revealed that MARVELD1 may modulate processes associated with inhibition of tumorigenesis in colon cancer. Both upstream transcription factors and downstream functional enrichment of MARVELD1 were related to the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Overexpression of MARVELD1 inhibited the expression of β-catenin and its entry into the nucleus. MARVELD1 also inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of colon cancer cells. With Wnt/β-catenin activator LiCl treatment, rescue experiments demonstrated that the role of MARVELD1 in colon cancer progression was dependent on the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. These results indicate that MARVELD1 acts as a tumor suppressor and inhibits tumorigenesis via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchun Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Qingwei Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Qinliang Sun
- Department of Ultrasound, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Bojun Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Ying Cui
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Changjie Lou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yuanfei Yao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yanqiao Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
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Bennett SA, Cobos SN, Mirzakandova M, Fallah M, Son E, Angelakakis G, Rana N, Hugais M, Torrente MP. Trichostatin A Relieves Growth Suppression and Restores Histone Acetylation at Specific Sites in a FUS ALS/FTD Yeast Model. Biochemistry 2021; 60:3671-3675. [PMID: 34788013 PMCID: PMC10041660 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.1c00455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an incurable neurodegenerative disease that often occurs concurrently with frontotemporal dementia (FTD), another disorder involving progressive neuronal loss. ALS and FTD form a neurodegenerative continuum and share pathological and genetic features. Mutations in a multitude of genes have been linked to ALS/FTD, including FUS. The FUS protein aggregates and forms inclusions within affected neurons. However, the precise mechanisms connecting protein aggregation to neurotoxicity remain under intense investigation. Recent evidence points to the contribution of epigenetics to ALS/FTD. A main epigenetic mechanism involves the post-translational modification (PTM) of histone proteins. We have previously characterized the histone PTM landscape in a FUS ALS/FTD yeast model, finding a decreased level of acetylation on lysine residues 14 and 56 of histone H3. Here, we describe the first report of amelioration of disease phenotypes by controlling histone acetylation on specific modification sites. We show that inhibiting histone deacetylases, via treatment with trichostatin A, suppresses the toxicity associated with FUS overexpression in yeast by preserving the levels of H3K56ac and H3K14ac without affecting the expression or aggregation of FUS. Our data raise the novel hypothesis that the toxic effect of protein aggregation in neurodegeneration is related to its association with altered histone marks. Altogether, we demonstrate the ability to counter the repercussions of protein aggregation on cell survival by preventing specific histone modification changes. Our findings launch a novel mechanistic framework that will enable alternative therapeutic approaches for ALS/FTD and other neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth A Bennett
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States.,Ph.D. Program in Biochemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Samantha N Cobos
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States.,Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | | | - Michel Fallah
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
| | - Elizaveta Son
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
| | - George Angelakakis
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
| | - Navin Rana
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
| | - Muna Hugais
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
| | - Mariana P Torrente
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States.,Ph.D. Program in Biochemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States.,Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
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35
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Verma S, Singh A, Varshney A, Chandru RA, Acharya M, Rajput J, Sangwan VS, Tiwari AK, Bhowmick T, Tiwari A. Infectious Keratitis: An Update on Role of Epigenetics. Front Immunol 2021; 12:765890. [PMID: 34917084 PMCID: PMC8669721 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.765890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms modulate gene expression and function without altering the base sequence of DNA. These reversible, heritable, and environment-influenced mechanisms generate various cell types during development and orchestrate the cellular responses to external stimuli by regulating the expression of genome. Also, the epigenetic modifications influence common pathological and physiological responses including inflammation, ischemia, neoplasia, aging and neurodegeneration etc. In recent past, the field of epigenetics has gained momentum and become an increasingly important area of biomedical research As far as eye is concerned, epigenetic mechanisms may play an important role in many complex diseases such as corneal dystrophy, cataract, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, ocular neoplasia, uveitis, and age-related macular degeneration. Focusing on the epigenetic mechanisms in ocular diseases may provide new understanding and insights into the pathogenesis of complex eye diseases and thus can aid in the development of novel treatments for these diseases. In the present review, we summarize the clinical perspective of infectious keratitis, role of epigenetics in infectious keratitis, therapeutic potential of epigenetic modifiers and the future perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir Verma
- Department of Zoology, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya College (University of Delhi), New Delhi, India
| | - Aastha Singh
- Department of Cornea and Uveitis, Dr. Shroff's Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Akhil Varshney
- Department of Cornea and Uveitis, Dr. Shroff's Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - R Arun Chandru
- Pandorum Technologies Ltd., Bangalore Bioinnovation Centre, Bangalore, India
| | - Manisha Acharya
- Department of Cornea and Uveitis, Dr. Shroff's Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Jyoti Rajput
- Pandorum Technologies Ltd., Bangalore Bioinnovation Centre, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Amit K Tiwari
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Tuhin Bhowmick
- Pandorum Technologies Ltd., Bangalore Bioinnovation Centre, Bangalore, India
| | - Anil Tiwari
- Department of Cornea and Uveitis, Dr. Shroff's Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India
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Palla G, Pollner P, Börcsök J, Major A, Molnár B, Csabai I. Hierarchy and control of ageing-related methylation networks. PLoS Comput Biol 2021; 17:e1009327. [PMID: 34534207 PMCID: PMC8480875 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation provides one of the most widely studied biomarkers of ageing. Since the methylation of CpG dinucleotides function as switches in cellular mechanisms, it is plausible to assume that by proper adjustment of these switches age may be tuned. Though, adjusting hundreds of CpG methylation levels coherently may never be feasible and changing just a few positions may lead to biologically unstable state. A prominent example of methylation-based age estimators is provided by Horvath's clock, based on 353 CpG dinucleotides, showing a high correlation (not necessarily causation) with chronological age across multiple tissue types. On this small subset of CpG dinucleotides we demonstrate how the adjustment of one methylation level leads to a cascade of changes at other sites. Among the studied subset, we locate the most important CpGs (and related genes) that may have a large influence on the rest of the sub-system. According to our analysis, the structure of this network is way more hierarchical compared to what one would expect based on ensembles of uncorrelated connections. Therefore, only a handful of CpGs is enough to modify the system towards a desired state. When propagation of the change over the network is taken into account, the resulting modification in the predicted age can be significantly larger compared to the effect of isolated CpG perturbations. By adjusting the most influential single CpG site and following the propagation of methylation level changes we can reach up to 5.74 years in virtual age reduction, significantly larger than without taking into account of the network control. Extending our approach to the whole methylation network may identify key nodes that have controller role in the ageing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergely Palla
- Health Services Management Training Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-ELTE Statistical and Biological Physics Research Group, Dept. of Biological Physics, Eötvös University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Pollner
- Health Services Management Training Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-ELTE Statistical and Biological Physics Research Group, Dept. of Biological Physics, Eötvös University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Judit Börcsök
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - András Major
- Dept. of Physics of Complex Systems, ELTE Eötvös University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Béla Molnár
- Molecular Medicine Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Csabai
- Dept. of Physics of Complex Systems, ELTE Eötvös University, Budapest, Hungary
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37
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Rao A, Sahay P, Chakraborty M, Prusty BK, Srinivasan S, Jhingan GD, Mishra P, Modak R, Suar M. Switch to Autophagy the Key Mechanism for Trabecular Meshwork Death in Severe Glaucoma. Clin Ophthalmol 2021; 15:3027-3039. [PMID: 34285469 PMCID: PMC8286731 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s292218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The key differences in cell death mechanisms in the trabecular meshwork (TM) in adult moderate and severe primary glaucoma remain still unanswered. This study explored key differences in cell death mechanisms in the trabecular meshwork (TM) in adult moderate and severe primary glaucoma. Design In-vitro laboratory study on surgical specimens and primary cell lines. Methods Select cell death-related proteins differentially expressed on mass spectrometric analysis in ex-vivo dissected TM specimens patients with severe adult primary open-angle (POAG) or angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) compared to controls (cadaver donor cornea) were validated for temporal changes in cell death-related gene expression on in-vitro primary human TM cell culture after 48 hours (moderate) or 72 hours (severe) oxidative stress with H2O2 (400–1000 uM concentration). These were compared with histone modifications after oxidative stress in human TM (HTM) culture and peripheral blood of patients with moderate and severe glaucoma. Results Autophagy-related proteins seemed to be the predominant cell-death mechanism over apoptosis in ex-vivo dissected TM specimens in severe glaucoma. Analyzing HTM cell gene expression at 48 hours and 72 hours of oxidative stress, autophagy genes were up-regulated at 48–72 hours of exposure in contrast to apoptosis-related genes, showing down-regulation at 72 hours. There was associated increased expression of H3K14ac in HTM after 72 hours of oxidative stress and in peripheral blood of severe POAG and PACG. Conclusion A preference of autophagy over apoptosis may underlie stage transition from moderate to severe glaucoma in the trabecular meshwork or peripheral blood, which may be tightly regulated by epigenetic modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Rao
- Glaucoma Service, MTC campus, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India.,KIIT School of Biotechnology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Prity Sahay
- Glaucoma Service, MTC campus, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India.,KIIT School of Biotechnology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Munmun Chakraborty
- Glaucoma Service, MTC campus, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India.,KIIT School of Biotechnology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | | | | | | | - Pragyan Mishra
- KIIT School of Biotechnology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Rahul Modak
- KIIT School of Biotechnology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Kichukova T, Petrov V, Popov N, Minchev D, Naimov S, Minkov I, Vachev T. Identification of serum microRNA signatures associated with autism spectrum disorder as promising candidate biomarkers. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07462. [PMID: 34286132 PMCID: PMC8278430 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNA molecules with a well-recognized role in gene expression mostly at the post-transcriptional level. Recently, dysregulation of miRNAs and miRNA-mRNA interactions has been associated with CNS diseases, including numerous psychiatric disorders. Dynamic changes in the expression profiles of circulating miRNA are nowadays regarded as promising non-invasive biomarkers that may facilitate the accurate and timely diagnosis of complex conditions. Methods In this study, we investigated the gene expression patterns of four miRNAs, which were previously reported to be dysregulated in pooled serum samples taken from Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) patients and typically developing children. The performance of a diagnostic model for ASD based on these four miRNAs was assessed by a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, which evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of the investigated miRNA biomarkers for ASD. Finally, to examine the potential modulation of CNS-related biological pathways, we carried out target identification and pathway analyses of the selected miRNAs. Results Significant differential expression for all the four studied miRNAs: miR-500a-5p, miR-197-5p, miR-424-5p, and miR-664a-3p, was consistently measured in the samples from ASD patients. The ROC curve analysis demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity for miR-500a-5p, miR-197-5p, and miR-424-5p. With all miRNA expression data integrated into an additive ROC curve, the combination of miR-500a-5p and miR-197-5p provided the most powerful diagnostic model. On the other hand, the mRNA target mining showed that miR-424-5p and miR-500-5p regulate pools of target mRNA molecules which are enriched in a number of biological pathways associated with the development and differentiation of the nervous system. Conclusions The steady expression patterns of miR-500a-5p, miR-197-5p, miR-424-5p, and miR-664a-3p in ASD children suggest that these miRNAs can be considered good candidates for non-invasive molecular biomarkers in the study of ASD patients. The highest diagnostic potential is manifested by miR-500a-5p and miR-197-5p, whose combined ROC curve demonstrates very strong predictive accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana Kichukova
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology, "Paisii Hilendarski" University of Plovdiv, 24 Tzar Assen Street, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Veselin Petrov
- Department of Plant Physiology, Biochemistry and Genetics, Agricultural University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Nikolay Popov
- Psychiatric Ward for Active Treatment of Men, State Psychiatry Hospital Pazardzhik, Pazardzhik, Bulgaria
| | - Danail Minchev
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University-Plovdiv, 15-A Vassil Aprilov Blvd., Plovdiv, Bulgaria.,Division of Molecular and Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute at Medical University of 12 Plovdiv, 15A Vasil Aprilov Blvd, Plovdiv, 4000, Bulgaria
| | - Samir Naimov
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology, "Paisii Hilendarski" University of Plovdiv, 24 Tzar Assen Street, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Ivan Minkov
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnologies (IMBB), Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Tihomir Vachev
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology, "Paisii Hilendarski" University of Plovdiv, 24 Tzar Assen Street, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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Albanese KI, Waters ML. Contributions of methionine to recognition of trimethyllysine in aromatic cage of PHD domains: implications of polarizability, hydrophobicity, and charge on binding. Chem Sci 2021; 12:8900-8908. [PMID: 34257891 PMCID: PMC8246079 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02175c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recognition of trimethyllysine (Kme3) by reader proteins is an important regulator of gene expression. This recognition event is mediated by an aromatic cage made up of 2-4 aromatic residues in the reader proteins that bind Kme3 via cation-π interactions. A small subset of reader proteins contain a methionine (Met) residue in place of an aromatic sidechain in the binding pocket. The unique role of sulfur in molecular recognition has been demonstrated in a number of noncovalent interactions recently, including interactions of thiols, thioethers, and sulfoxides with aromatic rings. However, the interaction of a thioether with an ammonium ion has not previously been investigated and the role of Met in binding Kme3 has not yet been explored. Herein, we systematically vary the Met in two reader proteins, DIDO1 and TAF3, and the ligand, Kme3 or its neutral analog tert-butyl norleucine (tBuNle), to determine the role of Met in the recognition of the cationic Kme3. Our studies demonstrate that Met contributes to binding via dispersion forces, with about an equal contribution to binding Kme3 and tBuNle, indicating that electrostatic interactions do not play a role. During the course of these studies, we also discovered that DIDO1 exhibits equivalent binding to tBuNle and Kme3 through a change in the mechanism of binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine I Albanese
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill CB 3290 Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA
| | - Marcey L Waters
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill CB 3290 Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA
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40
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Methyltransferase-like protein 7A (METTL7A) promotes cell survival and osteogenic differentiation under metabolic stress. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:154. [PMID: 34226523 PMCID: PMC8257615 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00555-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
While bone has an inherent capacity to heal itself, it is very difficult to reconstitute large bone defects. Regenerative medicine, including stem cell implantation, has been studied as a novel solution to treat these conditions. However, when the local vascularity is impaired, even the transplanted cells undergo rapid necrosis before differentiating into osteoblasts and regenerating bone. Thus, to increase the effectiveness of stem cell transplantation, it is quintessential to improve the viability of the implanted stem cells. In this study, given that the regulation of glucose may hold the key to stem cell survival and osteogenic differentiation, we investigated the molecules that can replace the effect of glucose under ischemic microenvironment of stem cell transplantation in large bone defects. By analyzing differentially expressed genes under glucose-supplemented and glucose-free conditions, we explored markers such as methyltransferase-like protein 7A (METTL7A) that are potentially related to cell survival and osteogenic differentiation. Overexpression of METTL7A gene enhanced the osteogenic differentiation and viability of human bone marrow stem cells (hBMSCs) in glucose-free conditions. When the in vivo effectiveness of METTL7A-transfected cells in bone regeneration was explored in a rat model of critical-size segmental long-bone defect, METTL7A-transfected hBMSCs showed significantly better regenerative potential than the control vector-transfected hBMSCs. DNA methylation profiles showed a large difference in methylation status of genes related to osteogenesis and cell survival between hBMSCs cultured in glucose-supplemented condition and those cultured in glucose-free condition. Interestingly, METTL7A overexpression altered the methylation status of related genes to favor osteogenic differentiation and cell survival. In conclusion, it is suggested that a novel factor METTL7A enhances osteogenic differentiation and viability of hBMSCs by regulating the methylation status of genes related to osteogenesis or survival.
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Histone H3K4 Methyltransferases as Targets for Drug-Resistant Cancers. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10070581. [PMID: 34201935 PMCID: PMC8301125 DOI: 10.3390/biology10070581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The KMT2 (MLL) family of proteins, including the major histone H3K4 methyltransferase found in mammals, exists as large complexes with common subunit proteins and exhibits enzymatic activity. SMYD, another H3K4 methyltransferase, and SET7/9 proteins catalyze the methylation of several non-histone targets, in addition to histone H3K4 residues. Despite these structural and functional commonalities, H3K4 methyltransferase proteins have specificity for their target genes and play a role in the development of various cancers as well as in drug resistance. In this review, we examine the overall role of histone H3K4 methyltransferase in the development of various cancers and in the progression of drug resistance. Compounds that inhibit protein-protein interactions between KMT2 family proteins and their common subunits or the activity of SMYD and SET7/9 are continuously being developed for the treatment of acute leukemia, triple-negative breast cancer, and castration-resistant prostate cancer. These H3K4 methyltransferase inhibitors, either alone or in combination with other drugs, are expected to play a role in overcoming drug resistance in leukemia and various solid cancers.
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Zhao K, Yang CX, Li P, Sun W, Kong XQ. Epigenetic role of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation in the cardiovascular system. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2021; 21:509-523. [PMID: 32633106 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1900680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
As the most prevalent and abundant transcriptional modification in the eukaryotic genome, the continuous and dynamic regulation of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) has been shown to play a vital role in physiological and pathological processes of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), such as ischemic heart failure (HF), myocardial hypertrophy, myocardial infarction (MI), and cardiomyogenesis. Regulation is achieved by modulating the expression of m6A enzymes and their downstream cardiac genes. In addition, this process has a major impact on different aspects of internal biological metabolism and several other external environmental effects associated with the development of CVDs. However, the exact molecular mechanism of m6A epigenetic regulation has not been fully elucidated. In this review, we outline recent advances and discuss potential therapeutic strategies for managing m6A in relation to several common CVD-related metabolic disorders and external environmental factors. Note that an appropriate understanding of the biological function of m6A in the cardiovascular system will pave the way towards exploring the mechanisms responsible for the development of other CVDs and their associated symptoms. Finally, it can provide new insights for the development of novel therapeutic agents for use in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Chuan-Xi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xiang-Qing Kong
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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43
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Epigenetics of addiction. Neurochem Int 2021; 147:105069. [PMID: 33992741 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Substance use disorders are complex biopsychosocial disorders that have substantial negative neurocognitive impact in various patient populations. These diseases involve the compulsive use of licit or illicit substances despite adverse medicolegal consequences and appear to be secondary to long-lasting epigenetic and transcriptional adaptations in brain reward and non-reward circuits. The accumulated evidence supports the notion that repeated drug use causes changes in post-translational histone modifications and in DNA methylation/hydroxymethylation processes in several brain regions. This review provides an overview of epigenetic changes reported in models of cocaine, methamphetamine, and opioid use disorders. The accumulated data suggest that future therapeutic interventions should focus on the development of epigenetic drugs against addictive diseases.
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Gadd DA, Stevenson AJ, Hillary RF, McCartney DL, Wrobel N, McCafferty S, Murphy L, Russ TC, Harris SE, Redmond P, Taylor AM, Smith C, Rose J, Millar T, Spires-Jones TL, Cox SR, Marioni RE. Epigenetic predictors of lifestyle traits applied to the blood and brain. Brain Commun 2021; 3:fcab082. [PMID: 34041477 PMCID: PMC8134833 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcab082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Modifiable lifestyle factors influence the risk of developing many neurological diseases. These factors have been extensively linked with blood-based genome-wide DNA methylation, but it is unclear if the signatures from blood translate to the target tissue of interest-the brain. To investigate this, we apply blood-derived epigenetic predictors of four lifestyle traits to genome-wide DNA methylation from five post-mortem brain regions and the last blood sample prior to death in 14 individuals in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936. Using these matched samples, we found that correlations between blood and brain DNA methylation scores for smoking, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, alcohol and body mass index were highly variable across brain regions. Smoking scores in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex had the strongest correlations with smoking scores in blood (r = 0.5, n = 14, P = 0.07) and smoking behaviour (r = 0.56, n = 9, P = 0.12). This was also the brain region which exhibited the largest correlations for DNA methylation at site cg05575921 - the single strongest correlate of smoking in blood-in relation to blood (r = 0.61, n = 14, P = 0.02) and smoking behaviour (r = -0.65, n = 9, P = 0.06). This suggested a particular vulnerability to smoking-related differential methylation in this region. Our work contributes to understanding how lifestyle factors affect the brain and suggest that lifestyle-related DNA methylation is likely to be both brain region dependent and in many cases poorly proxied for by blood. Though these pilot data provide a rarely-available opportunity for the comparison of methylation patterns across multiple brain regions and the blood, due to the limited sample size available our results must be considered as preliminary and should therefore be used as a basis for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danni A Gadd
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh 2XU, UK
| | - Anna J Stevenson
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh 2XU, UK
| | - Robert F Hillary
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh 2XU, UK
| | - Daniel L McCartney
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh 2XU, UK
| | - Nicola Wrobel
- Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Sarah McCafferty
- Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Lee Murphy
- Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Tom C Russ
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
- Lothian Birth Cohorts group, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Sarah E Harris
- Lothian Birth Cohorts group, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Paul Redmond
- Lothian Birth Cohorts group, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Adele M Taylor
- Lothian Birth Cohorts group, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Colin Smith
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Jamie Rose
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Tracey Millar
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Tara L Spires-Jones
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Simon R Cox
- Lothian Birth Cohorts group, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Riccardo E Marioni
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh 2XU, UK
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Sousa Neto I, Fontes W, Prestes J, Marqueti R. Impact of paternal exercise on physiological systems in the offspring. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2021; 231:e13620. [PMID: 33606364 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A significant number of studies have demonstrated that paternal exercise modulates future generations via effects on the sperm epigenome. However, comprehensive information regarding the effects of exercise performed by the father on different tissues and their clinical relevance has not yet been explored in detail. This narrative review is focused on the effects of paternal exercise training on various physiological systems of offspring. A detailed mechanistic understanding of these effects could provide crucial clues for the exercise physiology field and aid the development of therapeutic approaches to mitigate disorders in future generations. Non-coding RNA and DNA methylation are major routes for transmitting epigenetic information from parents to offspring. Resistance and treadmill exercise are the most frequently used modalities of planned and structured exercise in controlled experiments. Paternal exercise orchestrated protective effects over changes in fetus development and placenta inflammatory status. Moreover paternal exercise promoted modifications in the ncRNA profiles, gene and protein expression in the hippocampus, left ventricle, skeletal muscle, tendon, liver and pancreas in the offspring, while the transgenerational effects are unknown. Paternal exercise demonstrates clinical benefits to the offspring and provides a warning on the harmful effects of a paternal unhealthy lifestyle. Exercise in fathers is presented as one of the most logical and cost-effective ways of restoring health in the offspring and, consequently, modifying the phenotype. It is important to consider that paternal programming might have unique significance in the developmental origins of offspring diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo Sousa Neto
- Laboratory of Molecular Analysis Graduate Program of Sciences and Technology of Health Faculdade de Ceilândia ‐ Universidade de Brasília Brasília Distrito Federal Brazil
| | - Wagner Fontes
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Biochemistry Department of Cell Biology Institute of Biology Universidade de Brasília Brasília Distrito Federal Brazil
| | - Jonato Prestes
- Graduate Program on Physical Education Universidade Católica de Brasília Brasília Distrito Federal Brazil
| | - Rita Marqueti
- Laboratory of Molecular Analysis Graduate Program of Sciences and Technology of Health Faculdade de Ceilândia ‐ Universidade de Brasília Brasília Distrito Federal Brazil
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Yang W, Guo Y, Ni W, Tian T, Jin L, Liu J, Li Z, Ren A, Wang L. Hypermethylation of WNT3A gene and non-syndromic cleft lip and/or palate in association with in utero exposure to lead: A mediation analysis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111415. [PMID: 33091767 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aim to investigate association between WNT3A methylation and risk of non-syndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NSCL/P), and examine mediating effect of WNT3A methylation on the association of NSCL/P and lead (Pb) exposure in fetuses. METHODS DNA methylation of WNT3A in umbilical cord blood was determined among 59 NSCL/P cases and 118 non-malformed controls. Mediation analysis was performed to evaluate the potential mediating effect of WNT3A methylation on association between concentrations of Pb in umbilical cord and risk for NSCL/P. Additionally, an animal experiment in which cleft palates were induced by lead acetate was conducted. RESULTS The overall average methylation level of WNT3A was significant higher in NSCL/P cases as compared to controls. The risk for NSCL/P was increased by 1.90-fold with hypermethylation of WNT3A. Significant correlation was observed between concentrations of Pb in umbilical cord and methylation level of WNT3A. The hypermethylation of WNT3A had a mediating effect by 9.32% of total effect of Pb on NSCL/P risk. Gender-specific association between WNT3A methylation and NSCL/P was observed in male fetuses, and the percentage of the mediating effect increased to 14.28%. Animal experiment of mice showed that maternal oral exposure to lead acetate may result in cleft palate in offspring. CONCLUSION Hypermethylation of WNT3A was associated with the risk for NSCL/P and may be partly explain the association between exposure to Pb and risk for NSCL/P. The teratogenic and fetotoxic effects of Pb were found in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlei Yang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yingnan Guo
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Wenli Ni
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Jin
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jufen Liu
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiwen Li
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Aiguo Ren
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
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Yamaguchi M, Omori K, Asada S, Yoshida H. Epigenetic Regulation of ALS and CMT: A Lesson from Drosophila Models. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020491. [PMID: 33419039 PMCID: PMC7825332 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the third most common neurodegenerative disorder and is sometimes associated with frontotemporal dementia. Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease (CMT) is one of the most commonly inherited peripheral neuropathies causing the slow progression of sensory and distal muscle defects. Of note, the severity and progression of CMT symptoms markedly vary. The phenotypic heterogeneity of ALS and CMT suggests the existence of modifiers that determine disease characteristics. Epigenetic regulation of biological functions via gene expression without alterations in the DNA sequence may be an important factor. The methylation of DNA, noncoding RNA, and post-translational modification of histones are the major epigenetic mechanisms. Currently, Drosophila is emerging as a useful ALS and CMT model. In this review, we summarize recent studies linking ALS and CMT to epigenetic regulation with a strong emphasis on approaches using Drosophila models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masamitsu Yamaguchi
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan; (K.O.); (S.A.)
- Kansai Gakken Laboratory, Kankyo Eisei Yakuhin Co. Ltd., Seika-cho, Kyoto 619-0237, Japan
- Correspondence: (M.Y.); (H.Y.)
| | - Kentaro Omori
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan; (K.O.); (S.A.)
| | - Satoshi Asada
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan; (K.O.); (S.A.)
| | - Hideki Yoshida
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan; (K.O.); (S.A.)
- Correspondence: (M.Y.); (H.Y.)
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Liang Y, Peng Y. Gene body methylation facilitates the transcription of CTSG via antisense lncRNA AL136018.1 in dermatomyositic myoideum. Cell Biol Int 2020; 45:456-462. [PMID: 33245176 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Dermatomyositis (DM) is characterized as a chronic autoimmune disorder with multiple organ involvement. Our previous study has revealed that Cathepsin G (CTSG) highly expressed in dermatomyositic in vivo is regulated by DNMT3a through DNA methylation of 5'-C-phosphate-G-3' loci at exons and introns. However, the mechanism of gene body methylation on regulating CTSG transcription remains unknown. In this study, we studied quadriceps femoris tissues of six DM patients, and observed that antisense long noncoding RNA AL136018.1 contiguous to CTSG was highly expressed in skeletal muscle tissues of DM and positively correlated with the transcription level and DNA methylation level in gene body of CTSG in vivo. Moreover, we observed that the longer transcript of AL136018.1 (AL136018.1-201) could bind to third and fourth exons and third intron of CTSG via the 3'-end. Finally, AL136018.1-201 could recruit DNMT3a towards gene body via 5'-terminal for adding DNA methylation and facilitating transcription of CTSG. Taken together, our data uncovered a novel epigenetic mechanism behind the gene body methylation for transcriptional regulation of CTSG in DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liang
- Department of Rheumatology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Yue Peng
- Department of Rheumatology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, China
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Zhou Y, Yin H, Zhao WW, Ai S. Electrochemical, electrochemiluminescent and photoelectrochemical bioanalysis of epigenetic modifiers: A comprehensive review. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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50
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Narayanan R, Schratt G. miRNA regulation of social and anxiety-related behaviour. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:4347-4364. [PMID: 32409861 PMCID: PMC11104968 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03542-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric disorders, including autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and anxiety disorders are characterized by a complex range of symptoms, including social behaviour and cognitive deficits, depression and repetitive behaviours. Although the mechanisms driving pathophysiology are complex and remain largely unknown, advances in the understanding of gene association and gene networks are providing significant clues to their aetiology. In recent years, small noncoding RNA molecules known as microRNA (miRNA) have emerged as a new gene regulatory layer in the pathophysiology of mental illness. These small RNAs can bind to the 3'-UTR of mRNA thereby negatively regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Their ability to regulate hundreds of target mRNAs simultaneously predestines them to control the activity of entire cellular pathways, with obvious implications for the regulation of complex processes such as animal behaviour. There is growing evidence to suggest that numerous miRNAs are dysregulated in pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders, and there is strong genetic support for the association of miRNA genes and their targets with several of these conditions. This review attempts to cover the most relevant microRNAs for which an important contribution to the control of social and anxiety-related behaviour has been demonstrated by functional studies in animal models. In addition, it provides an overview of recent expression profiling and genetic association studies in human patient-derived samples in an attempt to highlight the most promising candidates for biomarker discovery and therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramanathan Narayanan
- Lab of Systems Neuroscience, Department of Health Science and Technology, Institute for Neuroscience, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gerhard Schratt
- Lab of Systems Neuroscience, Department of Health Science and Technology, Institute for Neuroscience, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH, Zurich, Switzerland.
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