1
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Wilke MVMB, Wick M, Schwab TL, Starosta RT, Clark KJ, Connolly HM, Klee EW. Nuclear Abnormalities in LMNA p.(Glu2Lys) Variant Segregating with LMNA-Associated Cardiocutaneous Progeria Syndrome. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:112. [PMID: 38255001 PMCID: PMC10815864 DOI: 10.3390/genes15010112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The LMNA gene encodes lamin A and lamin C, which play important roles in nuclear organization. Pathogenic variants in LMNA cause laminopathies, a group of disorders with diverse phenotypes. There are two main groups of disease-causing variants: missense variants affecting dimerization and intermolecular interactions, and heterozygous substitutions activating cryptic splice sites. These variants lead to different disorders, such as dilated cardiomyopathy and Hutchinson-Gilford progeria (HGP). Among these, the phenotypic terms for LMNA-associated cardiocutaneous progeria syndrome (LCPS), which does not alter lamin A processing and has an older age of onset, have been described. Here, we present the workup of an LMNA variant of uncertain significance, NM_170707.2 c. 4G>A, p.(Glu2Lys), in a 36-year-old female with severe calcific aortic stenosis, a calcified mitral valve, premature aging, and a family history of similar symptoms. Due to the uncertainty of in silico predictions for this variant, an assessment of nuclear morphology was performed using the immunocytochemistry of stable cell lines to indicate whether the p.(Glu2Lys) had a similar pathogenic mechanism as a previously described pathogenic variant associated with LCPS, p.Asp300Gly. Indirect immunofluorescence analysis of nuclei from stable cell lines showed abnormal morphology, including lobulation and occasional ringed nuclei. Relative to the controls, p.Glu2Lys and p.Asp300Gly nuclei had significantly (p < 0.001) smaller average nuclear areas than controls (mean = 0.10 units, SD = 0.06 for p.Glu2Lys; and mean = 0.09 units, SD = 0.05 for p.Asp300Gly versus mean = 0.12, SD = 0.05 for WT). After functional studies and segregation studies, this variant was upgraded to likely pathogenic. In summary, our findings suggest that p.Glu2Lys impacts nuclear morphology in a manner comparable to what was observed in p.Asp300Gly cells, indicating that the variant is the likely cause of the LCPS segregating within this family.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Myra Wick
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Tanya L. Schwab
- Department of Molecular Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Rodrigo Tzovenos Starosta
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, MO 63130, USA;
- Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Karl J. Clark
- Department of Biochemical and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | - Eric W. Klee
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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2
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Hu H, Luo S, Lai P, Lai M, Mao L, Zhang S, Jiang Y, Wen J, Zhou W, Liu X, Wang L, Huang M, Hu Y, Zhao X, Xia L, Zhou W, Jiang Y, Zou Z, Liu A, Guo B, Bai X. ANGPTL4 binds to the leptin receptor to regulate ectopic bone formation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2310685120. [PMID: 38147550 PMCID: PMC10769826 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2310685120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Leptin protein was thought to be unique to leptin receptor (LepR), but the phenotypes of mice with mutation in LepR [db/db (diabetes)] and leptin [ob/ob (obese)] are not identical, and the cause remains unclear. Here, we show that db/db, but not ob/ob, mice had defect in tenotomy-induced heterotopic ossification (HO), implicating alternative ligand(s) for LepR might be involved. Ligand screening revealed that ANGPTL4 (angiopoietin-like protein 4), a stress and fasting-induced factor, was elicited from brown adipose tissue after tenotomy, bound to LepR on PRRX1+ mesenchymal cells at the HO site, thus promotes chondrogenesis and HO development. Disruption of LepR in PRRX1+ cells, or lineage ablation of LepR+ cells, or deletion of ANGPTL4 impeded chondrogenesis and HO in mice. Together, these findings identify ANGPTL4 as a ligand for LepR to regulate the formation of acquired HO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong510630, China
- Department of Trauma and Joint Surgery, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong528300, China
| | - Sheng Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong510515, China
| | - Pinglin Lai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong510630, China
| | - Mingqiang Lai
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong510900, China
| | - Linlin Mao
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong510515, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong510515, China
| | - Yuanjun Jiang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong510515, China
| | - Jiaxin Wen
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong510515, China
| | - Wu Zhou
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong510515, China
| | - Xiaolin Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong510515, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong510630, China
| | - Minjun Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong510630, China
| | - Yanjun Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong510515, China
| | - Xiaoyang Zhao
- Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong510515, China
| | - Laixin Xia
- Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong510515, China
| | - Weijie Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong510515, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA15261
| | - Zhipeng Zou
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong510515, China
| | - Anling Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong510515, China
| | - Bin Guo
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong510515, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong523018, China
| | - Xiaochun Bai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong510630, China
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong510515, China
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3
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Ghanbari M, Khosroshahi NS, Alamdar M, Abdi A, Aghazadeh A, Feizi MAH, Haghi M. An Updated Review on the Significance of DNA and Protein Methyltransferases and De-methylases in Human Diseases: From Molecular Mechanism to Novel Therapeutic Approaches. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:3550-3587. [PMID: 37287285 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230607124803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms are crucial in regulating gene expression. These mechanisms include DNA methylation and histone modifications, like methylation, acetylation, and phosphorylation. DNA methylation is associated with gene expression suppression; however, histone methylation can stimulate or repress gene expression depending on the methylation pattern of lysine or arginine residues on histones. These modifications are key factors in mediating the environmental effect on gene expression regulation. Therefore, their aberrant activity is associated with the development of various diseases. The current study aimed to review the significance of DNA and histone methyltransferases and demethylases in developing various conditions, like cardiovascular diseases, myopathies, diabetes, obesity, osteoporosis, cancer, aging, and central nervous system conditions. A better understanding of the epigenetic roles in developing diseases can pave the way for developing novel therapeutic approaches for affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ghanbari
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Negin Sadi Khosroshahi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Alamdar
- Department of Genetics Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Adel Abdi
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aida Aghazadeh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mehdi Haghi
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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4
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Buxboim A, Kronenberg-Tenga R, Salajkova S, Avidan N, Shahak H, Thurston A, Medalia O. Scaffold, mechanics and functions of nuclear lamins. FEBS Lett 2023; 597:2791-2805. [PMID: 37813648 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear lamins are type-V intermediate filaments that are involved in many nuclear processes. In mammals, A- and B-type lamins assemble into separate physical meshwork underneath the inner nuclear membrane, the nuclear lamina, with some residual fraction localized within the nucleoplasm. Lamins are the major part of the nucleoskeleton, providing mechanical strength and flexibility to protect the genome and allow nuclear deformability, while also contributing to gene regulation via interactions with chromatin. While lamins are the evolutionary ancestors of all intermediate filament family proteins, their ultimate filamentous assembly is markedly different from their cytoplasmic counterparts. Interestingly, hundreds of genetic mutations in the lamina proteins have been causally linked with a broad range of human pathologies, termed laminopathies. These include muscular, neurological and metabolic disorders, as well as premature aging diseases. Recent technological advances have contributed to resolving the filamentous structure of lamins and the corresponding lamina organization. In this review, we revisit the multiscale lamin organization and discuss its implications on nuclear mechanics and chromatin organization within lamina-associated domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amnon Buxboim
- The Rachel and Selim Benin School of Computer Science and Engineering and The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Sarka Salajkova
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nili Avidan
- The Rachel and Selim Benin School of Computer Science and Engineering and The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hen Shahak
- The Rachel and Selim Benin School of Computer Science and Engineering and The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Alice Thurston
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ohad Medalia
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Switzerland
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5
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Lee GE, Byun J, Lee CJ, Cho YY. Molecular Mechanisms for the Regulation of Nuclear Membrane Integrity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15497. [PMID: 37895175 PMCID: PMC10607757 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The nuclear membrane serves a critical role in protecting the contents of the nucleus and facilitating material and signal exchange between the nucleus and cytoplasm. While extensive research has been dedicated to topics such as nuclear membrane assembly and disassembly during cell division, as well as interactions between nuclear transmembrane proteins and both nucleoskeletal and cytoskeletal components, there has been comparatively less emphasis on exploring the regulation of nuclear morphology through nuclear membrane integrity. In particular, the role of type II integral proteins, which also function as transcription factors, within the nuclear membrane remains an area of research that is yet to be fully explored. The integrity of the nuclear membrane is pivotal not only during cell division but also in the regulation of gene expression and the communication between the nucleus and cytoplasm. Importantly, it plays a significant role in the development of various diseases. This review paper seeks to illuminate the biomolecules responsible for maintaining the integrity of the nuclear membrane. It will delve into the mechanisms that influence nuclear membrane integrity and provide insights into the role of type II membrane protein transcription factors in this context. Understanding these aspects is of utmost importance, as it can offer valuable insights into the intricate processes governing nuclear membrane integrity. Such insights have broad-reaching implications for cellular function and our understanding of disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ga-Eun Lee
- BK21-4th, and BRL, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43, Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si 14662, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; (G.-E.L.); (J.B.)
| | - Jiin Byun
- BK21-4th, and BRL, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43, Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si 14662, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; (G.-E.L.); (J.B.)
| | - Cheol-Jung Lee
- Research Center for Materials Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, 169-148, Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34133, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Yeon Cho
- BK21-4th, and BRL, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43, Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si 14662, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; (G.-E.L.); (J.B.)
- RCD Control and Material Research Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, 43, Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si 14662, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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6
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Donnaloja F, Limonta E, Mancosu C, Morandi F, Boeri L, Albani D, Raimondi MT. Unravelling the mechanotransduction pathways in Alzheimer's disease. J Biol Eng 2023; 17:22. [PMID: 36978103 PMCID: PMC10045049 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-023-00336-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents one of the most common and debilitating neurodegenerative disorders. By the end of 2040, AD patients might reach 11.2 million in the USA, around 70% higher than 2022, with severe consequences on the society. As now, we still need research to find effective methods to treat AD. Most studies focused on the tau and amyloid hypothesis, but many other factors are likely involved in the pathophysiology of AD. In this review, we summarize scientific evidence dealing with the mechanotransduction players in AD to highlight the most relevant mechano-responsive elements that play a role in AD pathophysiology. We focused on the AD-related role of extracellular matrix (ECM), nuclear lamina, nuclear transport and synaptic activity. The literature supports that ECM alteration causes the lamin A increment in the AD patients, leading to the formation of nuclear blebs and invaginations. Nuclear blebs have consequences on the nuclear pore complexes, impairing nucleo-cytoplasmic transport. This may result in tau hyperphosphorylation and its consequent self-aggregation in tangles, which impairs the neurotransmitters transport. It all exacerbates in synaptic transmission impairment, leading to the characteristic AD patient's memory loss. Here we related for the first time all the evidence associating the mechanotransduction pathway with neurons. In addition, we highlighted the entire pathway influencing neurodegenerative diseases, paving the way for new research perspectives in the context of AD and related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Donnaloja
- Politecnico Di Milano, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Campus Leonardo, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Emma Limonta
- Politecnico Di Milano, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Campus Leonardo, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Christian Mancosu
- Politecnico Di Milano, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Campus Leonardo, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Morandi
- Politecnico Di Milano, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Campus Leonardo, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Boeri
- Politecnico Di Milano, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Campus Leonardo, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Albani
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Manuela Teresa Raimondi
- Politecnico Di Milano, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Campus Leonardo, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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Qiu R, Wang S, Lin D, He Y, Huang S, Wu B, Li H, Wang M, Zheng F. Mice harboring a R133L heterozygous mutation in LMNA exhibited ectopic lipid accumulation, aging, and mitochondrial dysfunction in adipose tissue. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22730. [PMID: 36583724 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201252rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The LMNA gene encodes for the nuclear envelope proteins lamin A and C (lamin A/C). A novel R133L heterozygous mutation in the LMNA gene causes atypical progeria syndrome (APS). However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we used transgenic mice (LmnaR133L/+ mice) that expressed a heterozygous LMNA R133L mutation and 3T3-L1 cell lines with stable overexpression of LMNA R133L (by lentiviral transduction) as in vivo and in vitro models to investigate the mechanisms of LMNA R133L mutations that mediate the APS phenotype. We found that a heterozygous R133L mutation in LMNA induced most of the metabolic disturbances seen in patients with this mutation, including ectopic lipid accumulation, limited subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) expansion, and insulin resistance. Mitochondrial dysfunction and senescence promote ectopic lipid accumulation and insulin resistance. In addition, the FLAG-mediated pull-down capture followed by mass spectrometry assay showed that p160 Myb-binding protein (P160 MBP; Mybbp1 a $$ a $$ ), the critical transcriptional repressor of PGC-1α, was bound to lamin A/C. Increased Mybbp1 a $$ a $$ levels in tissues and greater Mybbp1 a $$ a $$ -lamin A/C binding in nuclear inhibit PGC-1α activity and promotes mitochondrial dysfunction. Our findings confirm that the novel R133L heterozygous mutation in the LMNA gene caused APS are associated with marked mitochondrial respiratory chain impairment, which were induced by decreased PGC-1α levels correlating with increased Mybbp1a levels in nuclear, and a senescence phenotype of the subcutaneous fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruojun Qiu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dingyi Lin
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingzi He
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shaohan Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Beibei Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Wang
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fenping Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Montalbano M, Majmundar L, Sengupta U, Fung L, Kayed R. Pathological tau signatures and nuclear alterations in neurons, astrocytes and microglia in Alzheimer's disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, and dementia with Lewy bodies. Brain Pathol 2023; 33:e13112. [PMID: 36054524 PMCID: PMC9836371 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.13112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of pathological tau aggregates is a prominent feature in tauopathies that leads during the course of the diseases to neuronal dysfunction before and cell death after. Microglia and astrocytes have been described as playing important roles in synaptic spreading of toxic tau in several neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). Here, we have investigated the immunological and biochemical properties of aggregated tau species in different brain cell types in tau-induced neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Additionally, we examined nuclear size, nuclear density, and chromatin compaction in neuronal and glial cells from diseased brain tissues. Microscopic-histological examination was performed using in-house mouse monoclonal antibodies for toxic tau conformers (TTC-M1 and TTC-M2) and tau oligomers (TOMA1-4). By immunohistochemistry and co-immunofluorescence assays using TOMA/TTC-Ms and cell-type specific markers for neurons, astrocytes, and microglia, we observed that TOMA/TTC-Ms were immunoreactive to diverse tau species in different cell types. Analysis of colocalization coefficients indicated an increased pathological tau deposition mainly in the neurons. Western blot analysis of brain homogenates using TOMA/TTC-Ms revealed distinct patterns of tau aggregation in each disease, suggesting that TOMA/TTC-Ms can distinguish between different tau aggregates present in different tauopathies. Additionally, using DAPI staining, we observed that neuronal and astrocytic nuclei had significantly greater nuclear area and increased chromatin compaction in AD cortices compared to non-demented controls. In contrast, reduction in nuclear density/area and more relaxed chromatin was noticed in DLB neurons, astrocytes and microglia and PSP astrocytes and microglia. Cell-type specific tropism of toxic tau species in tauopathies will provide a greater understanding of the involvement of different brain cell types in tau pathology. In this study, we observed that each disease presented cell-type specific nuclear phenotype and tau deposition pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Montalbano
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative DisordersUniversity of Texas Medical Branch, UTMBGalvestonTexasUSA
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of Texas Medical Branch, UTMBGalvestonTexasUSA
| | - Lajja Majmundar
- School of MedicineUniversity of Texas Medical Branch, UTMBGalvestonTexasUSA
| | - Urmi Sengupta
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative DisordersUniversity of Texas Medical Branch, UTMBGalvestonTexasUSA
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of Texas Medical Branch, UTMBGalvestonTexasUSA
| | - Leiana Fung
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative DisordersUniversity of Texas Medical Branch, UTMBGalvestonTexasUSA
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of Texas Medical Branch, UTMBGalvestonTexasUSA
| | - Rakez Kayed
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative DisordersUniversity of Texas Medical Branch, UTMBGalvestonTexasUSA
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of Texas Medical Branch, UTMBGalvestonTexasUSA
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9
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Capanni C, Schena E, Di Giampietro ML, Montecucco A, Mattioli E, Lattanzi G. The role of prelamin A post-translational maturation in stress response and 53BP1 recruitment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1018102. [PMID: 36467410 PMCID: PMC9709412 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1018102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Lamin A is a main constituent of the nuclear lamina and contributes to nuclear shaping, mechano-signaling transduction and gene regulation, thus affecting major cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and entry into senescence, cellular differentiation and stress response. The role of lamin A in stress response is particularly intriguing, yet not fully elucidated, and involves prelamin A post-translational processing. Here, we propose prelamin A as the tool that allows lamin A plasticity during oxidative stress response and permits timely 53BP1 recruitment to DNA damage foci. We show that while PCNA ubiquitination, p21 decrease and H2AX phosphorylation occur soon after stress induction in the absence of prelamin A, accumulation of non-farnesylated prelamin A follows and triggers recruitment of 53BP1 to lamin A/C complexes. Then, the following prelamin A processing steps causing transient accumulation of farnesylated prelamin A and maturation to lamin A reduce lamin A affinity for 53BP1 and favor its release and localization to DNA damage sites. Consistent with these observations, accumulation of prelamin A forms in cells under basal conditions impairs histone H2AX phosphorylation, PCNA ubiquitination and p21 degradation, thus affecting the early stages of stress response. As a whole, our results are consistent with a physiological function of prelamin A modulation during stress response aimed at timely recruitment/release of 53BP1 and other molecules required for DNA damage repair. In this context, it becomes more obvious how farnesylated prelamin A accumulation to toxic levels alters timing of DNA damage signaling and 53BP1 recruitment, thus contributing to cellular senescence and accelerated organismal aging as observed in progeroid laminopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Capanni
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Schena
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | - Elisabetta Mattioli
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lattanzi
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
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10
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Shaw NM, Rios-Monterrosa JL, Fedorchak GR, Ketterer MR, Coombs GS, Lammerding J, Wallrath LL. Effects of mutant lamins on nucleo-cytoskeletal coupling in Drosophila models of LMNA muscular dystrophy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:934586. [PMID: 36120560 PMCID: PMC9471154 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.934586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclei of multinucleated skeletal muscles experience substantial external force during development and muscle contraction. Protection from such forces is partly provided by lamins, intermediate filaments that form a scaffold lining the inner nuclear membrane. Lamins play a myriad of roles, including maintenance of nuclear shape and stability, mediation of nuclear mechanoresponses, and nucleo-cytoskeletal coupling. Herein, we investigate how disease-causing mutant lamins alter myonuclear properties in response to mechanical force. This was accomplished via a novel application of a micropipette harpooning assay applied to larval body wall muscles of Drosophila models of lamin-associated muscular dystrophy. The assay enables the measurement of both nuclear deformability and intracellular force transmission between the cytoskeleton and nuclear interior in intact muscle fibers. Our studies revealed that specific mutant lamins increase nuclear deformability while other mutant lamins cause nucleo-cytoskeletal coupling defects, which were associated with loss of microtubular nuclear caging. We found that microtubule caging of the nucleus depended on Msp300, a KASH domain protein that is a component of the linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex. Taken together, these findings identified residues in lamins required for connecting the nucleus to the cytoskeleton and suggest that not all muscle disease-causing mutant lamins produce similar defects in subcellular mechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas M. Shaw
- Department of Biochemistry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Jose L. Rios-Monterrosa
- Department of Biochemistry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Gregory R. Fedorchak
- The Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Margaret R. Ketterer
- Department of Biochemistry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Gary S. Coombs
- Biology Department, Waldorf University, Forest City, IA, United States
| | - Jan Lammerding
- The Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Lori L. Wallrath
- Department of Biochemistry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- *Correspondence: Lori L. Wallrath,
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11
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Inci N, Kamali D, Akyildiz EO, Tahir Turanli E, Bozaykut P. Translation of Cellular Senescence to Novel Therapeutics: Insights From Alternative Tools and Models. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:828058. [PMID: 35821852 PMCID: PMC9261353 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.828058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Increasing chronological age is the greatest risk factor for human diseases. Cellular senescence (CS), which is characterized by permanent cell-cycle arrest, has recently emerged as a fundamental mechanism in developing aging-related pathologies. During the aging process, senescent cell accumulation results in senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) which plays an essential role in tissue dysfunction. Although discovered very recently, senotherapeutic drugs have been already involved in clinical studies. This review gives a summary of the molecular mechanisms of CS and its role particularly in the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) as the leading cause of death. In addition, it addresses alternative research tools including the nonhuman and human models as well as computational techniques for the discovery of novel therapies. Finally, senotherapeutic approaches that are mainly classified as senolytics and senomorphics are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurcan Inci
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilanur Kamali
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erdogan Oguzhan Akyildiz
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Eda Tahir Turanli
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Perinur Bozaykut
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
- *Correspondence: Perinur Bozaykut,
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12
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Chiarini F, Paganelli F, Balestra T, Capanni C, Fazio A, Manara MC, Landuzzi L, Petrini S, Evangelisti C, Lollini PL, Martelli AM, Lattanzi G, Scotlandi K. Lamin A and the LINC complex act as potential tumor suppressors in Ewing Sarcoma. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:346. [PMID: 35422060 PMCID: PMC9010457 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04729-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lamin A, a main constituent of the nuclear lamina, is involved in mechanosignaling and cell migration through dynamic interactions with the LINC complex, formed by the nuclear envelope proteins SUN1, SUN2 and the nesprins. Here, we investigated lamin A role in Ewing Sarcoma (EWS), an aggressive bone tumor affecting children and young adults. In patients affected by EWS, we found a significant inverse correlation between LMNA gene expression and tumor aggressiveness. Accordingly, in experimental in vitro models, low lamin A expression correlated with enhanced cell migration and invasiveness and, in vivo, with an increased metastatic load. At the molecular level, this condition was linked to altered expression and anchorage of nuclear envelope proteins and increased nuclear retention of YAP/TAZ, a mechanosignaling effector. Conversely, overexpression of lamin A rescued LINC complex organization, thus reducing YAP/TAZ nuclear recruitment and preventing cell invasiveness. These effects were also obtained through modulation of lamin A maturation by a statin-based pharmacological treatment that further elicited a more differentiated phenotype in EWS cells. These results demonstrate that drugs inducing nuclear envelope remodeling could be exploited to improve therapeutic strategies for EWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Chiarini
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, 40136, Bologna, Italy. .,IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Francesca Paganelli
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, 40136, Bologna, Italy.,Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Tommaso Balestra
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Experimental Oncology Laboratory, 40136, Bologna, Italy.,Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristina Capanni
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, 40136, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonietta Fazio
- Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Manara
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Experimental Oncology Laboratory, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lorena Landuzzi
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Experimental Oncology Laboratory, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefania Petrini
- Confocal Microscopy Core Facility, Research Center, Bambino Gesu' Children's Hospital IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Camilla Evangelisti
- Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Pier-Luigi Lollini
- Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto M Martelli
- Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lattanzi
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, 40136, Bologna, Italy. .,IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Katia Scotlandi
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Experimental Oncology Laboratory, 40136, Bologna, Italy.
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13
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Clinical Profile, Arrhythmias, and Adverse Cardiac Outcomes in Emery–Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophies: A Systematic Review of the Literature. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11040530. [PMID: 35453731 PMCID: PMC9031530 DOI: 10.3390/biology11040530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cardiolaminopathies are a heterogeneous group of disorders which are due to mutations in the genes encoding for nuclear lamins or their binding proteins. The whole spectrum of cardiac manifestations encompasses atrial arrhythmias, conduction disturbances, progressive systolic dysfunction, and malignant ventricular arrhythmias. Despite the prognostic significance of cardiac involvement in this setting, the current recommendations lack strong evidence. The aim of our work was to systematically review the current data on the main cardiovascular outcomes in cardiolaminopathies. We searched PubMed/Embase for studies focusing on cardiovascular outcomes in LMNA mutation carriers (atrial arrhythmias, ventricular arrhythmias, sudden cardiac death, conduction disturbances, thromboembolic events, systolic dysfunction, heart transplantation, and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality). In total, 11 studies were included (1070 patients, mean age between 26–45 years, with follow-up periods ranging from 2.5 years up to 45 ± 12). When available, data on the EMD-mutated population were separately reported (40 patients). The incidence rates (IR) were individually assessed for the outcomes of interest. The IR for atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter/atrial tachycardia ranged between 6.1 and 13.9 events/100 pts–year. The IR of atrial standstill ranged between 0 and 2 events/100 pts-year. The IR for malignant ventricular arrhythmias reached 10.2 events/100 pts–year and 15.6 events/100 pts–year for appropriate implantable cardioverter–defibrillator (ICD) interventions. The IR for advanced conduction disturbances ranged between 3.2 and 7.7 events/100 pts–year. The IR of thromboembolic events reached up to 8.9 events/100 pts–year. Our results strengthen the need for periodic cardiological evaluation focusing on the early recognition of atrial arrhythmias, and possibly for the choice of preventive strategies for thromboembolic events. The frequent need for cardiac pacing due to advanced conduction disturbances should be counterbalanced with the high risk of malignant ventricular arrhythmias that would justify ICD over pacemaker implantation.
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14
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Cellular Senescence and Aging in Myotonic Dystrophy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042339. [PMID: 35216455 PMCID: PMC8877951 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy (DM) is a dominantly inherited multisystemic disorder affecting various organs, such as skeletal muscle, heart, the nervous system, and the eye. Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) and type 2 (DM2) are caused by expanded CTG and CCTG repeats, respectively. In both forms, the mutant transcripts containing expanded repeats aggregate as nuclear foci and sequester several RNA-binding proteins, resulting in alternative splicing dysregulation. Although certain alternative splicing events are linked to the clinical DM phenotypes, the molecular mechanisms underlying multiple DM symptoms remain unclear. Interestingly, multi-systemic DM manifestations, including muscle weakness, cognitive impairment, cataract, and frontal baldness, resemble premature aging. Furthermore, cellular senescence, a critical contributor to aging, is suggested to play a key role in DM cellular pathophysiology. In particular, several senescence inducers including telomere shortening, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress and senescence biomarkers such as cell cycle inhibitors, senescence-associated secretory phenotype, chromatin reorganization, and microRNA have been implicated in DM pathogenesis. In this review, we focus on the clinical similarities between DM and aging, and summarize the involvement of cellular senescence in DM and the potential application of anti-aging DM therapies.
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15
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Liu D, Ouyang Y, Chen R, Wang M, Ai C, El-Seedi HR, Sarker MMR, Chen X, Zhao C. Nutraceutical potentials of algal ulvan for healthy aging. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 194:422-434. [PMID: 34826453 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Several theories for aging are constantly put forth to explain the underlying mechanisms. Oxidative stress, DNA dysfunction, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction, along with the release of cytochrome c are some of these theories. Diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, intestinal dysfunction, cardiovascular diseases, hepatic injury, and even cancer develop with age and eventually cause death. Ulva polysaccharides, owing to their special structures and various functions, have emerged as desirable materials for keeping healthy. These polysaccharide structures are found to be closely related to the extraction methods, seaweed strains, and culture conditions. Ulvan is a promising bioactive substance, a potential functional food, which can regulate immune cells to augment inflammation, control the activity of aging-related genes, promote tumor senescence, enhance mitochondrial function, maintain liver balance, and protect the gut microbiome from inflammatory attacks. Given the desirable physiochemical and gelling properties of ulvan, it would serve to improve the quality and shelf-life of food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yuezhen Ouyang
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ruoxin Chen
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Mingfu Wang
- Food and Nutrition Department, Providence University, Taichung 43301, Taiwan
| | - Chao Ai
- Department of Food Science & Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Hesham R El-Seedi
- Pharmacognosy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosynthesis, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, Box 574, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Md Moklesur Rahman Sarker
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, 77 Satmasjid Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Xinhua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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16
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Bridger JM, Pereira RT, Pina C, Tosi S, Lewis A. Alterations to Genome Organisation in Stem Cells, Their Differentiation and Associated Diseases. Results Probl Cell Differ 2022; 70:71-102. [PMID: 36348105 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-06573-6_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The organisation of the genome in its home, the cell nucleus, is reliant on a number of different aspects to establish, maintain and alter its functional non-random positioning. The genome is dispersed throughout a cell nucleus in specific chromosome territories which are further divided into topologically associated domains (TADs), where regions of the genome from different and the same chromosomes come together. This organisation is both controlled by DNA and chromatin epigenetic modification and the association of the genome with nuclear structures such as the nuclear lamina, the nucleolus and nuclear bodies and speckles. Indeed, sequences that are associated with the first two structures mentioned are termed lamina-associated domains (LADs) and nucleolar-associated domains (NADs), respectively. The modifications and nuclear structures that regulate genome function are altered through a cell's life from stem cell to differentiated cell through to reversible quiescence and irreversible senescence, and hence impacting on genome organisation, altering it to silence specific genes and permit others to be expressed in a controlled way in different cell types and cell cycle statuses. The structures and enzymes and thus the organisation of the genome can also be deleteriously affected, leading to disease and/or premature ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna M Bridger
- Division of Biosciences, Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Genome Engineering and Maintenance (cenGEM), College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK.
| | - Rita Torres Pereira
- Division of Biosciences, Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Genome Engineering and Maintenance (cenGEM), College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Cristina Pina
- Division of Biosciences, Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Genome Engineering and Maintenance (cenGEM), College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Sabrina Tosi
- Division of Biosciences, Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Genome Engineering and Maintenance (cenGEM), College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Annabelle Lewis
- Division of Biosciences, Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Genome Engineering and Maintenance (cenGEM), College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
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17
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Nuclear Organization during Hepatogenesis in Zebrafish Requires Uhrf1. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12071081. [PMID: 34356097 PMCID: PMC8304062 DOI: 10.3390/genes12071081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acquisition of cellular fate during development is initiated and maintained by well-coordinated patterns of gene expression that are dictated by the epigenetic landscape and genome organization in the nucleus. While the epigenetic marks that mediate developmental gene expression patterns during organogenesis have been well studied, less is known about how epigenetic marks influence nuclear organization during development. This study examines the relationship between nuclear structure, chromatin accessibility, DNA methylation, and gene expression during hepatic outgrowth in zebrafish larvae. We investigate the relationship between these features using mutants that lack DNA methylation. Hepatocyte nuclear morphology was established coincident with hepatocyte differentiation at 80 h post-fertilization (hpf), and nuclear shape and size continued to change until the conclusion of outgrowth and morphogenesis at 120 hpf. Integrating ATAC-Seq analysis with DNA methylation profiling of zebrafish livers at 120 hpf showed that closed and highly methylated chromatin occupies most transposable elements and that open chromatin correlated with gene expression. DNA hypomethylation, due to mutation of genes encoding ubiquitin-like, containing PHD and RING Finger Domains 1 (uhrf1) and DNA methyltransferase (dnmt1), did not block hepatocyte differentiation, but had dramatic effects on nuclear organization. Hepatocytes in uhrf1 mutants have large, deformed nuclei with multiple nucleoli, downregulation of nucleolar genes, and a complete lack of the nuclear lamina. Loss of lamin B2 staining was phenocopied by dnmt1 mutation. Together, these data show that hepatocyte nuclear morphogenesis coincides with organ morphogenesis and outgrowth, and that DNA methylation directs chromatin organization, and, in turn, hepatocyte nuclear shape and size during liver development.
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18
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Ross JA, Stroud MJ. THE NUCLEUS: Mechanosensing in cardiac disease. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2021; 137:106035. [PMID: 34242685 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2021.106035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The nucleus provides a physical and selective chemical boundary to segregate the genome from the cytoplasm. The contents of the nucleus are surrounded by the nuclear envelope, which acts as a hub of mechanosensation, transducing forces from the external cytoskeleton to the nucleus, thus impacting on nuclear morphology, genome organisation, gene transcription and signalling pathways. Muscle tissues such as the heart are unique in that they actively generate large contractile forces, resulting in a distinctive mechanical environment which impacts nuclear properties, function and mechanosensing. In light of this, mutations that affect the function of the nuclear envelope (collectively known as nuclear envelopathies and laminopathies) disproportionately result in striated muscle diseases, which include dilated and arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathies. Here we review the nucleus and its role in mechanotransduction, as well as associated defects that lead to cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob A Ross
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Matthew J Stroud
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
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19
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Inflammation, epigenetics, and metabolism converge to cell senescence and ageing: the regulation and intervention. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:245. [PMID: 34176928 PMCID: PMC8236488 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00646-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Remarkable progress in ageing research has been achieved over the past decades. General perceptions and experimental evidence pinpoint that the decline of physical function often initiates by cell senescence and organ ageing. Epigenetic dynamics and immunometabolic reprogramming link to the alterations of cellular response to intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli, representing current hotspots as they not only (re-)shape the individual cell identity, but also involve in cell fate decision. This review focuses on the present findings and emerging concepts in epigenetic, inflammatory, and metabolic regulations and the consequences of the ageing process. Potential therapeutic interventions targeting cell senescence and regulatory mechanisms, using state-of-the-art techniques are also discussed.
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20
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Kychygina A, Dall'Osto M, Allen JAM, Cadoret JC, Piras V, Pickett HA, Crabbe L. Progerin impairs 3D genome organization and induces fragile telomeres by limiting the dNTP pools. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13195. [PMID: 34162976 PMCID: PMC8222272 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92631-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromatin organization within the nuclear volume is essential to regulate many aspects of its function and to safeguard its integrity. A key player in this spatial scattering of chromosomes is the nuclear envelope (NE). The NE tethers large chromatin domains through interaction with the nuclear lamina and other associated proteins. This organization is perturbed in cells from Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS), a genetic disorder characterized by premature aging features. Here, we show that HGPS-related lamina defects trigger an altered 3D telomere organization with increased contact sites between telomeres and the nuclear lamina, and an altered telomeric chromatin state. The genome-wide replication timing signature of these cells is perturbed, with a shift to earlier replication for regions that normally replicate late. As a consequence, we detected a higher density of replication forks traveling simultaneously on DNA fibers, which relies on limiting cellular dNTP pools to support processive DNA synthesis. Remarkably, increasing dNTP levels in HGPS cells rescued fragile telomeres, and improved the replicative capacity of the cells. Our work highlights a functional connection between NE dysfunction and telomere homeostasis in the context of premature aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kychygina
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Department (MCD), Centre de Biologie Integrative (CBI), CNRS, UPS, University of Toulouse, 31062, Toulouse, France.,INSERM UMR1291, CNRS UMR5051, UT3, Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), 31059, Toulouse, France
| | - Marina Dall'Osto
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Department (MCD), Centre de Biologie Integrative (CBI), CNRS, UPS, University of Toulouse, 31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Joshua A M Allen
- Telomere Length Regulation Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | | | - Vincent Piras
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Department (MCD), Centre de Biologie Integrative (CBI), CNRS, UPS, University of Toulouse, 31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Hilda A Pickett
- Telomere Length Regulation Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Laure Crabbe
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Department (MCD), Centre de Biologie Integrative (CBI), CNRS, UPS, University of Toulouse, 31062, Toulouse, France.
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21
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Skeletal and Cardiac Muscle Disorders Caused by Mutations in Genes Encoding Intermediate Filament Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084256. [PMID: 33923914 PMCID: PMC8073371 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Intermediate filaments are major components of the cytoskeleton. Desmin and synemin, cytoplasmic intermediate filament proteins and A-type lamins, nuclear intermediate filament proteins, play key roles in skeletal and cardiac muscle. Desmin, encoded by the DES gene (OMIM *125660) and A-type lamins by the LMNA gene (OMIM *150330), have been involved in striated muscle disorders. Diseases include desmin-related myopathy and cardiomyopathy (desminopathy), which can be manifested with dilated, restrictive, hypertrophic, arrhythmogenic, or even left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy, Emery–Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy (EDMD2 and EDMD3, due to LMNA mutations), LMNA-related congenital Muscular Dystrophy (L-CMD) and LMNA-linked dilated cardiomyopathy with conduction system defects (CMD1A). Recently, mutations in synemin (SYNM gene, OMIM *606087) have been linked to cardiomyopathy. This review will summarize clinical and molecular aspects of desmin-, lamin- and synemin-related striated muscle disorders with focus on LMNA and DES-associated clinical entities and will suggest pathogenetic hypotheses based on the interplay of desmin and lamin A/C. In healthy muscle, such interplay is responsible for the involvement of this network in mechanosignaling, nuclear positioning and mitochondrial homeostasis, while in disease it is disturbed, leading to myocyte death and activation of inflammation and the associated secretome alterations.
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22
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Atalaia A, Ben Yaou R, Wahbi K, De Sandre-Giovannoli A, Vigouroux C, Bonne G. Laminopathies' Treatments Systematic Review: A Contribution Towards a 'Treatabolome'. J Neuromuscul Dis 2021; 8:419-439. [PMID: 33682723 PMCID: PMC8203247 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-200596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Variants in the LMNA gene, encoding lamins A/C, are responsible for a growing number of diseases, all of which complying with the definition of rare diseases. LMNA-related disorders have a varied phenotypic expression with more than 15 syndromes described, belonging to five phenotypic groups: Muscular Dystrophies, Neuropathies, Cardiomyopathies, Lipodystrophies and Progeroid Syndromes. Overlapping phenotypes are also reported. Linking gene and variants with phenotypic expression, disease mechanisms, and corresponding treatments is particularly challenging in laminopathies. Treatment recommendations are limited, and very few are variant-based. OBJECTIVE The Treatabolome initiative aims to provide a shareable dataset of existing variant-specific treatment for rare diseases within the Solve-RD EU project. As part of this project, we gathered evidence of specific treatments for laminopathies via a systematic literature review adopting the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) guidelines for scientific data production. METHODS Treatments for LMNA-related conditions were systematically collected from MEDLINE and Embase bibliographic databases and clinical trial registries (Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials, clinicaltrial.gov and EudraCT). Two investigators extracted and analyzed the literature data independently. The included papers were assessed using the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine 2011 Levels of Evidence. RESULTS From the 4783 selected articles by a systematic approach, we identified 78 papers for our final analysis that corresponded to the profile of data defined in the inclusion and exclusion criteria. These papers include 2 guidelines/consensus papers, 4 meta-analyses, 14 single-arm trials, 15 case series, 13 cohort studies, 21 case reports, 8 expert reviews and 1 expert opinion. The treatments were summarized electronically according to significant phenome-genome associations. The specificity of treatments according to the different laminopathic phenotypical presentations is variable. CONCLUSIONS We have extracted Treatabolome-worthy treatment recommendations for patients with different forms of laminopathies based on significant phenome-genome parings. This dataset will be available on the Treatabolome website and, through interoperability, on genetic diagnosis and treatment support tools like the RD-Connect's Genome Phenome Analysis Platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Atalaia
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Center of Research in Myology, G.H. Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Rabah Ben Yaou
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Center of Research in Myology, G.H. Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Neuromyology Department, Centre de référence maladies neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile-de-France (FILNEMUS network), Institut de Myologie, G.H. Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Karim Wahbi
- APHP, Cochin Hospital, Cardiology Department, FILNEMUS, Centre de Référence de Pathologie Neuromusculaire Nord/Est/Ile de France, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Annachiara De Sandre-Giovannoli
- AP-HM, Department of Medical Genetics, and CRB-TAC (CRB AP-HM), Children’s Hospital La Timone, Marseille, France
- Aix Marseille University, Inserm, Marseille Medical Genetics Marseille, France
| | - Corinne Vigouroux
- AP-HP Saint-Antoine Hospital, Reference Centre of Rare Diseases of Insulin Secretion and Insulin Sensitivity (PRISIS), Departments of Molecular Biology and Genetics and of Endocrinology, 75012 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Paris, France
| | - Gisèle Bonne
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Center of Research in Myology, G.H. Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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D’Apice MR, De Dominicis A, Murdocca M, Amati F, Botta A, Sangiuolo F, Lattanzi G, Federici M, Novelli G. Cutaneous and metabolic defects associated with nuclear abnormalities in a transgenic mouse model expressing R527H lamin A mutation causing mandibuloacral dysplasia type A (MADA) syndrome. ACTA MYOLOGICA : MYOPATHIES AND CARDIOMYOPATHIES : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE MEDITERRANEAN SOCIETY OF MYOLOGY 2020; 39:320-335. [PMID: 33458588 PMCID: PMC7783430 DOI: 10.36185/2532-1900-036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
LMNA gene encodes for lamin A/C, attractive proteins linked to nuclear structure and functions. When mutated, it causes different rare diseases called laminopathies. In particular, an Arginine change in Histidine in position 527 (p.Arg527His) falling in the C-terminal domain of lamin A precursor form (prelamin A) causes mandibuloacral dysplasia Type A (MADA), a segmental progeroid syndrome characterized by skin, bone and metabolic anomalies. The well-characterized cellular models made difficult to assess the tissue-specific functions of 527His prelamin A. Here, we describe the generation and characterization of a MADA transgenic mouse overexpressing 527His LMNA gene, encoding mutated prelamin A. Bodyweight is slightly affected, while no difference in lifespan was observed in transgenic animals. Mild metabolic anomalies and thinning and loss of hairs from the back were the other observed phenotypic MADA manifestations. Histological analysis of tissues relevant for MADA syndrome revealed slight increase in adipose tissue inflammatory cells and a reduction of hypodermis due to a loss of subcutaneous adipose tissue. At cellular levels, transgenic cutaneous fibroblasts displayed nuclear envelope aberrations, presence of prelamin A, proliferation, and senescence rate defects. Gene transcriptional pattern was found differentially modulated between transgenic and wildtype animals, too. In conclusion, the presence of 527His Prelamin A accumulation is further linked to the appearance of mild progeroid features and metabolic disorder without lifespan reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michela Murdocca
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Amati
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Botta
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Sangiuolo
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Tor Vergata Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lattanzi
- Center for Atherosclerosis, School of Medicine, University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Federici
- Center for Atherosclerosis, School of Medicine, University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Novelli
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Tor Vergata Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
- Neuromed IRCCS Institute, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
- School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA
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24
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D'Apice MR, De Dominicis A, Murdocca M, Amati F, Botta A, Sangiuolo F, Lattanzi G, Federici M, Novelli G. Cutaneous and metabolic defects associated with nuclear abnormalities in a transgenic mouse model expressing R527H lamin A mutation causing mandibuloacral dysplasia type A (MADA) syndrome. ACTA MYOLOGICA : MYOPATHIES AND CARDIOMYOPATHIES : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE MEDITERRANEAN SOCIETY OF MYOLOGY 2020; 39. [PMID: 33458588 PMCID: PMC7783430 DOI: 10.36185/2532-1900-036&set/a 907644967+854571971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
LMNA gene encodes for lamin A/C, attractive proteins linked to nuclear structure and functions. When mutated, it causes different rare diseases called laminopathies. In particular, an Arginine change in Histidine in position 527 (p.Arg527His) falling in the C-terminal domain of lamin A precursor form (prelamin A) causes mandibuloacral dysplasia Type A (MADA), a segmental progeroid syndrome characterized by skin, bone and metabolic anomalies. The well-characterized cellular models made difficult to assess the tissue-specific functions of 527His prelamin A. Here, we describe the generation and characterization of a MADA transgenic mouse overexpressing 527His LMNA gene, encoding mutated prelamin A. Bodyweight is slightly affected, while no difference in lifespan was observed in transgenic animals. Mild metabolic anomalies and thinning and loss of hairs from the back were the other observed phenotypic MADA manifestations. Histological analysis of tissues relevant for MADA syndrome revealed slight increase in adipose tissue inflammatory cells and a reduction of hypodermis due to a loss of subcutaneous adipose tissue. At cellular levels, transgenic cutaneous fibroblasts displayed nuclear envelope aberrations, presence of prelamin A, proliferation, and senescence rate defects. Gene transcriptional pattern was found differentially modulated between transgenic and wildtype animals, too. In conclusion, the presence of 527His Prelamin A accumulation is further linked to the appearance of mild progeroid features and metabolic disorder without lifespan reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michela Murdocca
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Amati
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Botta
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Sangiuolo
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Tor Vergata Hospital, Rome, Italy.,Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lattanzi
- Center for Atherosclerosis, School of Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Federici
- Center for Atherosclerosis, School of Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Novelli
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Tor Vergata Hospital, Rome, Italy.,Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.,Neuromed IRCCS Institute, Pozzilli (IS), Italy.,School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA
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25
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ESCRT-III controls nuclear envelope deformation induced by progerin. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18877. [PMID: 33139753 PMCID: PMC7606583 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75852-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a premature aging disorder, caused by mutation in the gene encoding lamin A/C, which produces a truncated protein called progerin. In cells from HGPS patients, progerin accumulates at the nuclear membrane (NM), where it causes NM deformations. In this study, we investigated whether progerin-induced NM deformation involved ESCRT-III, a protein complex that remodels nuclear and cytoplasmic membranes. The ESCRT-III protein CHMP4B was recruited to sites of aberrant NM proliferation in human cells ectopically expressing progerin and in patient-derived HGPS fibroblasts. Derepression of NM deformation in these cells was observed following depletion of CHMP4B or an ESCRT-III adaptor, ALIX. Treatment with rapamycin (which induce autophagic clearance of progerin and reverse progerin-induced cellular phenotypes) down-regulated progerin-induced NM deformation, whereas treatment with bafilomycin A1 (an inhibitor of autophagy and lysosome-based degradation) or CHMP4B depletion antagonized the effects of rapamycin. These results indicate that the ALIX-mediated ESCRT-III pathway plays a suppressive role in progerin-induced NM deformation and suggest that autophagy down-regulates progerin-induced NM deformation in a manner dependent on ESCRT-III machinery.
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26
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Dissecting the Effect of a 3D Microscaffold on the Transcriptome of Neural Stem Cells with Computational Approaches: A Focus on Mechanotransduction. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186775. [PMID: 32942778 PMCID: PMC7555048 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
3D cell cultures are becoming more and more important in the field of regenerative medicine due to their ability to mimic the cellular physiological microenvironment. Among the different types of 3D scaffolds, we focus on the Nichoid, a miniaturized scaffold with a structure inspired by the natural staminal niche. The Nichoid can activate cellular responses simply by subjecting the cells to mechanical stimuli. This kind of influence results in different cellular morphology and organization, but the molecular bases of these changes remain largely unknown. Through RNA-Seq approach on murine neural precursors stem cells expanded inside the Nichoid, we investigated the deregulated genes and pathways showing that the Nichoid causes alteration in genes strongly connected to mechanobiological functions. Moreover, we fully dissected this mechanism highlighting how the changes start at a membrane level, with subsequent alterations in the cytoskeleton, signaling pathways, and metabolism, all leading to a final alteration in gene expression. The results shown here demonstrate that the Nichoid influences the biological and genetic response of stem cells thorough specific alterations of cellular signaling. The characterization of these pathways elucidates the role of mechanical manipulation on stem cells, with possible implications in regenerative medicine applications.
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27
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Cenni V, Capanni C, Mattioli E, Schena E, Squarzoni S, Bacalini MG, Garagnani P, Salvioli S, Franceschi C, Lattanzi G. Lamin A involvement in ageing processes. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 62:101073. [PMID: 32446955 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Lamin A, a main constituent of the nuclear lamina, is the major splicing product of the LMNA gene, which also encodes lamin C, lamin A delta 10 and lamin C2. Involvement of lamin A in the ageing process became clear after the discovery that a group of progeroid syndromes, currently referred to as progeroid laminopathies, are caused by mutations in LMNA gene. Progeroid laminopathies include Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria, Mandibuloacral Dysplasia, Atypical Progeria and atypical-Werner syndrome, disabling and life-threatening diseases with accelerated ageing, bone resorption, lipodystrophy, skin abnormalities and cardiovascular disorders. Defects in lamin A post-translational maturation occur in progeroid syndromes and accumulated prelamin A affects ageing-related processes, such as mTOR signaling, epigenetic modifications, stress response, inflammation, microRNA activation and mechanosignaling. In this review, we briefly describe the role of these pathways in physiological ageing and go in deep into lamin A-dependent mechanisms that accelerate the ageing process. Finally, we propose that lamin A acts as a sensor of cell intrinsic and environmental stress through transient prelamin A accumulation, which triggers stress response mechanisms. Exacerbation of lamin A sensor activity due to stably elevated prelamin A levels contributes to the onset of a permanent stress response condition, which triggers accelerated ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Cenni
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristina Capanni
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Mattioli
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Schena
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Squarzoni
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Garagnani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Huddinge, University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stefano Salvioli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Interdepartmental Center Alma Mater Research Institute on Global Challenges and Climate Changes, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Giovanna Lattanzi
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
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28
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Zhang MY, Han YC, Han Q, Liang Y, Luo Y, Wei L, Yan T, Yang Y, Liu SL, Wang EH. Lamin B2 promotes the malignant phenotype of non-small cell lung cancer cells by upregulating dimethylation of histone 3 lysine 9. Exp Cell Res 2020; 393:112090. [PMID: 32416090 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between Lamin B2 and tumor proliferation and migration is unclear. We explored the impact of Lamin B2 on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry were combined to evaluate Lamin B2 expression and its relationship with the clinicopathological factors found in NSCLC. Western blotting, immunofluorescence analysis, and bioinformatics were used to investigate the effects of Lamin B2 on various regulatory pathways in cancer. Cytological experiments were conducted to evaluate Lamin B2 expression in tumor cells. We conducted co-immunoprecipitation and chromatin immunoprecipitation to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying the relationship between Lamin B2 and NSCLC and evaluate the results of rescue experiments. Lamin B2 was highly expressed in NSCLC and positively correlated with lymph node metastasis. In NSCLC, Lamin B2 interacted with Cyclin D1, upregulating G9α expression, thus increasing H3K9me2 levels. H3K9me2 binds to the promoter region of the E-cadherin gene (CDH1) to induce CDH1 silencing and promotes cancer cell migration. Thus, we found that Lamin B2 was highly expressed in NSCLC cells and promoted their migration by increasing H3K9me2 levels, which induced E-cadherin gene silencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Yu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, China.
| | - Yu-Chen Han
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Chest Hospital, China
| | - Qiang Han
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China
| | - Yuan Liang
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, China
| | - Yuan Luo
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, China
| | - Lai Wei
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, China
| | - Ting Yan
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, China
| | - Shu-Li Liu
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China.
| | - En-Hua Wang
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China.
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Cappelletti C, Tramacere I, Cavalcante P, Schena E, Politano L, Carboni N, Gambineri A, D’Amico A, Ruggiero L, Ricci G, Siciliano G, Boriani G, Mongini TE, Vercelli L, Biagini E, Ziacchi M, D’Apice MR, Lattanzi G, Mantegazza R, Maggi L, Bernasconi P. Cytokine Profile in Striated Muscle Laminopathies: New Promising Biomarkers for Disease Prediction. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061532. [PMID: 32585971 PMCID: PMC7348753 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Laminopathies are a wide and heterogeneous group of rare human diseases caused by mutations of the LMNA gene or related nuclear envelope genes. The variety of clinical phenotypes and the wide spectrum of histopathological changes among patients carrying an identical mutation in the LMNA gene make the prognostic process rather difficult, and classical genetic screens appear to have limited predictive value for disease development. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether a comprehensive profile of circulating cytokines may be a useful tool to differentiate and stratify disease subgroups, support clinical follow-ups and contribute to new therapeutic approaches. Serum levels of 51 pro- and anti-inflammatory molecules, including cytokines, chemokines and growth factors, were quantified by a Luminex multiple immune-assay in 53 patients with muscular laminopathy (Musc-LMNA), 10 with non-muscular laminopathy, 22 with other muscular disorders and in 35 healthy controls. Interleukin-17 (IL-17), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β2) levels significantly discriminated Musc-LMNA from controls; interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) were differentially expressed in Musc-LMNA patients compared to those with non-muscular laminopathies, whereas IL-17 was significantly higher in Musc-LMNA patients with muscular and cardiac involvement. These findings support the hypothesis of a key role of the immune system in Musc-LMNA and emphasize the potential use of cytokines as biomarkers for these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Cappelletti
- Neurology IV-Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (P.C.); (R.M.); (L.M.); (P.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-23944503/4511
| | - Irene Tramacere
- Department of Research and Clinical Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico “Carlo Besta”, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Paola Cavalcante
- Neurology IV-Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (P.C.); (R.M.); (L.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Elisa Schena
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics, Unit of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (E.S.); (G.L.)
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical & Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, S Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Luisa Politano
- Cardiomyology and Medical Genetics, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania, Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Nicola Carboni
- Neurology Department, Hospital San Francesco of Nuoro, 08100 Nuoro, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Gambineri
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Medical Science, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Adele D’Amico
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy;
| | - Lucia Ruggiero
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatologic Sciences, University Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giulia Ricci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Neurological Clinic, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.R.); (G.S.)
| | - Gabriele Siciliano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Neurological Clinic, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.R.); (G.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Boriani
- Cardiology Division, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Policlinico di Modena, 41121 Modena, Italy;
| | - Tiziana Enrica Mongini
- Department of Neurosciences “Rita Levi Montalcini”, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy; (T.E.M.); (L.V.)
| | - Liliana Vercelli
- Department of Neurosciences “Rita Levi Montalcini”, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy; (T.E.M.); (L.V.)
| | - Elena Biagini
- Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria - Policlinico di St. Orsola, Cardiology Unit, Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Department, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (E.B.); (M.Z.)
| | - Matteo Ziacchi
- Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria - Policlinico di St. Orsola, Cardiology Unit, Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Department, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (E.B.); (M.Z.)
| | - Maria Rosaria D’Apice
- Medical Genetics Unit, Policlinico Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giovanna Lattanzi
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics, Unit of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (E.S.); (G.L.)
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Renato Mantegazza
- Neurology IV-Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (P.C.); (R.M.); (L.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Lorenzo Maggi
- Neurology IV-Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (P.C.); (R.M.); (L.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Pia Bernasconi
- Neurology IV-Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (P.C.); (R.M.); (L.M.); (P.B.)
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Xiong L, Zhao K, Cao Y, Guo HH, Pan JX, Yang X, Ren X, Mei L, Xiong WC. Linking skeletal muscle aging with osteoporosis by lamin A/C deficiency. PLoS Biol 2020; 18:e3000731. [PMID: 32479501 PMCID: PMC7310860 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The nuclear lamina protein lamin A/C is a key component of the nuclear envelope. Mutations in the lamin A/C gene (LMNA) are identified in patients with various types of laminopathy-containing diseases, which have features of accelerated aging and osteoporosis. However, the underlying mechanisms for laminopathy-associated osteoporosis remain largely unclear. Here, we provide evidence that loss of lamin A/C in skeletal muscles, but not osteoblast (OB)-lineage cells, results in not only muscle aging-like deficit but also trabecular bone loss, a feature of osteoporosis. The latter is due in large part to elevated bone resorption. Further cellular studies show an increase of osteoclast (OC) differentiation in cocultures of bone marrow macrophages/monocytes (BMMs) and OBs after treatment with the conditioned medium (CM) from lamin A/C-deficient muscle cells. Antibody array screening analysis of the CM proteins identifies interleukin (IL)-6, whose expression is markedly increased in lamin A/C-deficient muscles. Inhibition of IL-6 by its blocking antibody in BMM-OB cocultures diminishes the increase of osteoclastogenesis. Knockout (KO) of IL-6 in muscle lamin A/C-KO mice diminishes the deficits in trabecular bone mass but not muscle. Further mechanistic studies reveal an elevation of cellular senescence marked by senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-β-gal), p16Ink4a, and p53 in lamin A/C-deficient muscles and C2C12 muscle cells, and the p16Ink4a may induce senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and IL-6 expression. Taken together, these results suggest a critical role for skeletal muscle lamin A/C to prevent cellular senescence, IL-6 expression, hyperosteoclastogenesis, and trabecular bone loss, uncovering a pathological mechanism underlying the link between muscle aging/senescence and osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xiong
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Louis Stoke VA Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Kai Zhao
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Hao-Han Guo
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jin-Xiu Pan
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Louis Stoke VA Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Xiao Yang
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Xiao Ren
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Lin Mei
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Louis Stoke VA Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Wen-Cheng Xiong
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Louis Stoke VA Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
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Gómez-Domínguez D, Epifano C, de Miguel F, Castaño AG, Vilaplana-Martí B, Martín A, Amarilla-Quintana S, Bertrand AT, Bonne G, Ramón-Azcón J, Rodríguez-Milla MA, Pérez de Castro I. Consequences of Lmna Exon 4 Mutations in Myoblast Function. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051286. [PMID: 32455813 PMCID: PMC7291140 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Laminopathies are causally associated with mutations on the Lamin A/C gene (LMNA). To date, more than 400 mutations in LMNA have been reported in patients. These mutations are widely distributed throughout the entire gene and are associated with a wide range of phenotypes. Unfortunately, little is known about the mechanisms underlying the effect of the majority of these mutations. This is the case of more than 40 mutations that are located at exon 4. Using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, we generated a collection of Lmna exon 4 mutants in mouse C2C12 myoblasts. These cell models included different types of exon 4 deletions and the presence of R249W mutation, one of the human variants associated with a severe type of laminopathy, LMNA-associated congenital muscular dystrophy (L-CMD). We characterized these clones by measuring their nuclear circularity, myogenic differentiation capacity in 2D and 3D conditions, DNA damage, and levels of p-ERK and p-AKT (phosphorylated Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1/3 and AKT serine/threonine kinase 1). Our results indicated that Lmna exon 4 mutants showed abnormal nuclear morphology. In addition, levels and/or subcellular localization of different members of the lamin and LINC (LInker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton) complex were altered in all these mutants. Whereas no significant differences were observed for ERK and AKT activities, the accumulation of DNA damage was associated to the Lmna p.R249W mutant myoblasts. Finally, significant myogenic differentiation defects were detected in the Lmna exon 4 mutants. These results have key implications in the development of future therapeutic strategies for the treatment of laminopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Déborah Gómez-Domínguez
- Instituto de Investigación de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ctra. Majadahonda-Pozuelo km2.2, E-28029 Madrid, Spain; (D.G.-D.); (F.d.M.); (B.V.-M.); (A.M.); (M.A.R.-M.)
| | - Carolina Epifano
- Fundación Andrés Marcio, niños contra la laminopatía, C/Núñez de Balboa, 11, E-28001 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Fernando de Miguel
- Instituto de Investigación de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ctra. Majadahonda-Pozuelo km2.2, E-28029 Madrid, Spain; (D.G.-D.); (F.d.M.); (B.V.-M.); (A.M.); (M.A.R.-M.)
- Universidad Europea de Madrid, C/ Tajo, s/n, E-28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain
| | - Albert García Castaño
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), C/Baldiri Reixac, 10-12, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.G.C.); (J.R.-A.)
| | - Borja Vilaplana-Martí
- Instituto de Investigación de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ctra. Majadahonda-Pozuelo km2.2, E-28029 Madrid, Spain; (D.G.-D.); (F.d.M.); (B.V.-M.); (A.M.); (M.A.R.-M.)
| | - Alberto Martín
- Instituto de Investigación de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ctra. Majadahonda-Pozuelo km2.2, E-28029 Madrid, Spain; (D.G.-D.); (F.d.M.); (B.V.-M.); (A.M.); (M.A.R.-M.)
| | - Sandra Amarilla-Quintana
- Fundación de Investigación HM Hospitales, Plaza del Conde Valle Suchil, 2, E-28015 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Anne T Bertrand
- UMRS 974, Center of Research in Myology, Institut de Myologie, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, 75013 Paris, France; (A.T.B.); (G.B.)
| | - Gisèle Bonne
- UMRS 974, Center of Research in Myology, Institut de Myologie, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, 75013 Paris, France; (A.T.B.); (G.B.)
| | - Javier Ramón-Azcón
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), C/Baldiri Reixac, 10-12, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.G.C.); (J.R.-A.)
- ICREA-Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel A Rodríguez-Milla
- Instituto de Investigación de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ctra. Majadahonda-Pozuelo km2.2, E-28029 Madrid, Spain; (D.G.-D.); (F.d.M.); (B.V.-M.); (A.M.); (M.A.R.-M.)
| | - Ignacio Pérez de Castro
- Instituto de Investigación de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ctra. Majadahonda-Pozuelo km2.2, E-28029 Madrid, Spain; (D.G.-D.); (F.d.M.); (B.V.-M.); (A.M.); (M.A.R.-M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-918223188
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Lamin A and Prelamin A Counteract Migration of Osteosarcoma Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030774. [PMID: 32235738 PMCID: PMC7140691 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A type lamins are fundamental components of the nuclear lamina. Changes in lamin A expression correlate with malignant transformation in several cancers. However, the role of lamin A has not been explored in osteosarcoma (OS). Here, we wanted to investigate the role of lamin A in normal osteoblasts (OBs) and OS cells. Thus, we studied the expression of lamin A/C in OS cells compared to OBs and evaluated the effects of lamin A overexpression in OS cell lines. We show that, while lamin A expression increases during osteoblast differentiation, all examined OS cell lines express lower lamin A levels relative to differentiated OBs. The condition of low LMNA expression confers to OS cells a significant increase in migration potential, while overexpression of lamin A reduces migration ability of OS cells. Moreover, overexpression of unprocessable prelamin A also reduces cell migration. In agreement with the latter finding, OS cells which accumulate the highest prelamin A levels upon inhibition of lamin A maturation by statins, had significantly reduced migration ability. Importantly, OS cells subjected to statin treatment underwent apoptotic cell death in a RAS-independent, lamin A-dependent manner. Our results show that pro-apoptotic effects of statins and statin inhibitory effect on OS cell migration are comparable to those obtained by prelamin A accumulation and further suggest that modulation of lamin A expression and post-translational processing can be a tool to decrease migration potential in OS cells.
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Cavaliere V, Lattanzi G, Andrenacci D. Silencing of Euchromatic Transposable Elements as a Consequence of Nuclear Lamina Dysfunction. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030625. [PMID: 32151001 PMCID: PMC7140440 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Transposable elements (TEs) are mobile genomic sequences that are normally repressed to avoid proliferation and genome instability. Gene silencing mechanisms repress TEs by RNA degradation or heterochromatin formation. Heterochromatin maintenance is therefore important to keep TEs silent. Loss of heterochromatic domains has been linked to lamin mutations, which have also been associated with derepression of TEs. In fact, lamins are structural components of the nuclear lamina (NL), which is considered a pivotal structure in the maintenance of heterochromatin domains at the nuclear periphery in a silent state. Here, we show that a lethal phenotype associated with Lamin loss-of-function mutations is influenced by Drosophila gypsy retrotransposons located in euchromatic regions, suggesting that NL dysfunction has also effects on active TEs located in euchromatic loci. In fact, expression analysis of different long terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposons and of one non-LTR retrotransposon located near active genes shows that Lamin inactivation determines the silencing of euchromatic TEs. Furthermore, we show that the silencing effect on euchromatic TEs spreads to the neighboring genomic regions, with a repressive effect on nearby genes. We propose that NL dysfunction may have opposed regulatory effects on TEs that depend on their localization in active or repressed regions of the genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Cavaliere
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Giovanna Lattanzi
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi-Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, Unit of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Davide Andrenacci
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi-Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, Unit of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Loss of an H3K9me anchor rescues laminopathy-linked changes in nuclear organization and muscle function in an Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy model. Genes Dev 2020; 34:560-579. [PMID: 32139421 PMCID: PMC7111258 DOI: 10.1101/gad.332213.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In this study, Harr et al. use C. elegans to investigate the consequences of a missense mutation (Y45C) in lamin A (encoded by LMNA) found in the human Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) syndrome. Using muscle-specific emerin Dam-ID and other in vivo approaches, the authors report that they were able to counteract the dominant muscle-specific defects provoked by LMNA mutation by the ablation of a lamin-associated H3K9me anchor, suggesting a novel therapeutic pathway for treating EDMD. Mutations in the nuclear structural protein lamin A produce rare, tissue-specific diseases called laminopathies. The introduction of a human Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD)-inducing mutation into the C. elegans lamin (LMN-Y59C), recapitulates many muscular dystrophy phenotypes, and correlates with hyper-sequestration of a heterochromatic array at the nuclear periphery in muscle cells. Using muscle-specific emerin Dam-ID in worms, we monitored the effects of the mutation on endogenous chromatin. An increased contact with the nuclear periphery along chromosome arms, and an enhanced release of chromosomal centers, coincided with the disease phenotypes of reduced locomotion and compromised sarcomere integrity. The coupling of the LMN-Y59C mutation with the ablation of CEC-4, a chromodomain protein that anchors H3K9-methylated chromatin at the nuclear envelope (NE), suppressed the muscle-associated disease phenotypes. Deletion of cec-4 also rescued LMN-Y59C-linked alterations in chromatin organization and some changes in transcription. Sequences that changed position in the LMN-Y59C mutant, are enriched for E2F (EFL-2)-binding sites, consistent with previous studies suggesting that altered Rb-E2F interaction with lamin A may contribute to muscle dysfunction. In summary, we were able to counteract the dominant muscle-specific defects provoked by LMNA mutation by the ablation of a lamin-associated H3K9me anchor, suggesting a novel therapeutic pathway for EDMD.
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Yattah C, Hernandez M, Huang D, Park H, Liao W, Casaccia P. Dynamic Lamin B1-Gene Association During Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Differentiation. Neurochem Res 2020; 45:606-619. [PMID: 32020491 PMCID: PMC7060805 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02941-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Differentiation of oligodendrocytes (OL) from progenitor cells (OPC) is the result of a unique program of gene expression, which is further regulated by the formation of topological domains of association with the nuclear lamina. In this study, we show that cultured OPC were characterized by progressively declining levels of endogenous Lamin B1 (LMNB1) during differentiation into OL. We then identify the genes dynamically associated to the nuclear lamina component LMNB1 during this transition, using a well established technique called DamID, which is based on the ability of a bacterially-derived deoxyadenosine methylase (Dam), to modify genomic regions in close proximity. We expressed a fusion protein containing Dam and LMNB1 in OPC (OPCLMNB1-Dam) and either kept them proliferating or differentiated them into OL (OLLMNB1-Dam) and identified genes that were dynamically associated to LMNB1 with differentiation. Importantly, we identified Lss, the gene encoding for lanosterol synthase, a key enzyme in cholesterol synthesis, as associated to the nuclear lamina in OLLMNB1-Dam. This finding could at least in part explain the lipid dysregulation previously reported for mouse models of ADLD characterized by persistent LMNB1 expression in oligodendrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Yattah
- Neuroscience Initiative at the Advanced Science Research Center of the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, 365 5th Avenue, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Marylens Hernandez
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dennis Huang
- Neuroscience Initiative at the Advanced Science Research Center of the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, 365 5th Avenue, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - HyeJin Park
- Neuroscience Initiative at the Advanced Science Research Center of the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Will Liao
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, 10013, USA
| | - Patrizia Casaccia
- Neuroscience Initiative at the Advanced Science Research Center of the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry and in Biology, The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, 365 5th Avenue, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
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36
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Aitbaev KA, Murkamilov IT, Fomin VV. Molecular Mechanisms of Aging: The Role of Oxidative Stress and Epigenetic Modifications. ADVANCES IN GERONTOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s2079057019040027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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37
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The role of transposable elements activity in aging and their possible involvement in laminopathic diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 57:100995. [PMID: 31786372 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2019.100995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Eukaryotic genomes contain a large number of transposable elements, part of which are still active and able to transpose in the host genome. Mobile element activation is repressed to avoid deleterious effects, such as gene mutations or chromosome rearrangements. Control of transposable elements includes a variety of mechanisms comprising silencing pathways, which are based on the production of small non-coding RNAs. Silencing can occur either through transposable element RNA degradation or through the targeting of DNA sequences by heterochromatin formation and consequent transcriptional inhibition. Since the important role of the heterochromatin silencing, the gradual loss of heterochromatin marks in constitutive heterochromatin regions during the aging process promotes derepression of transposable elements, which is considered a cause of the progressive increase in genomic instability and of the activation of inflammatory responses. This review provides an overview of the effects of heterochromatin loss on the activity of transposable elements during the aging process and the possible impact on genome function. In this context, we discuss the possible role of the nuclear lamina, a major player in heterochromatin dynamics, in the regulation of transposable element activity and potential implications in laminopathic diseases.
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38
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Zironi I, Gavoçi E, Lattanzi G, Virelli A, Amorini F, Remondini D, Castellani G. BK channel overexpression on plasma membrane of fibroblasts from Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 10:3148-3160. [PMID: 30398975 PMCID: PMC6286842 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is an extremely rare genetic disorder wherein symptoms resembling aspects of aging are manifested at a very early age. It is a genetic condition that occurs due to a de novo mutation in the LMNA gene encoding for the nuclear structural protein lamin A. The lamin family of proteins are thought to be involved in nuclear stability, chromatin structure and gene expression and this leads to heavy effects on the regulation and functionality of the cell machinery. The functional role of the large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels (BKCa) is still unclear, but has been recently described a strong relationship with their membrane expression, progerin nuclear levels and the ageing process. In this study, we found that: i) the outward potassium membrane current amplitude and the fluorescence intensity of the BKCa channel probe showed higher values in human dermal fibroblast obtained from patients affected by HGPS if compared to that from healthy young subjects; ii) this result appears to correlate with a basic cellular activity such as the replicative boost. We suggest that studying the HGPS also from the electrophysiological point of view might reveal new clues about the normal process of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Zironi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy (D.I.F.A.) University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Interdepartmental Centre "L. Galvani" for integrated studies of Bioinformatics, Biophysics and Biocomplexity (C.I.G.) University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), Bologna, Italy
| | - Entelë Gavoçi
- National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lattanzi
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Angela Virelli
- Department of Physics and Astronomy (D.I.F.A.) University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Amorini
- Department of Physics and Astronomy (D.I.F.A.) University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniel Remondini
- Department of Physics and Astronomy (D.I.F.A.) University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Interdepartmental Centre "L. Galvani" for integrated studies of Bioinformatics, Biophysics and Biocomplexity (C.I.G.) University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), Bologna, Italy
| | - Gastone Castellani
- Department of Physics and Astronomy (D.I.F.A.) University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Interdepartmental Centre "L. Galvani" for integrated studies of Bioinformatics, Biophysics and Biocomplexity (C.I.G.) University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), Bologna, Italy
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Zaghini A, Sarli G, Barboni C, Sanapo M, Pellegrino V, Diana A, Linta N, Rambaldi J, D'Apice MR, Murdocca M, Baleani M, Baruffaldi F, Fognani R, Mecca R, Festa A, Papparella S, Paciello O, Prisco F, Capanni C, Loi M, Schena E, Lattanzi G, Squarzoni S. Long term breeding of the Lmna G609G progeric mouse: Characterization of homozygous and heterozygous models. Exp Gerontol 2019; 130:110784. [PMID: 31794853 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2019.110784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The transgenic LmnaG609G progeric mouse represents an outstanding animal model for studying the human Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS) caused by a mutation in the LMNA gene, coding for the nuclear envelope protein Lamin A/C, and, as an important, more general scope, for studying the complex process governing physiological aging in humans. Here we give a comprehensive description of the peculiarities related to the breeding of LmnaG609G mice over a prolonged period of time, and of many features observed in a large colony for a 2-years period. We describe the breeding and housing conditions underlining the possible interference of the genetic background on the phenotype expression. This information represents a useful tool when planning and interpreting studies on the LmnaG609G mouse model, complementing any specific data already reported in the literature about this model since its production. It is also particularly relevant for the heterozygous mouse, which mirrors the genotype of the human pathology however requires an extended time to manifest symptoms and to be carefully studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zaghini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sarli
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Catia Barboni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mara Sanapo
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Valeria Pellegrino
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessia Diana
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nikolina Linta
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Julie Rambaldi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Michela Murdocca
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Baleani
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Medical Technology Laboratory, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabio Baruffaldi
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Medical Technology Laboratory, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberta Fognani
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Medical Technology Laboratory, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rosaria Mecca
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Medical Technology Laboratory, Bologna, Italy
| | - Anna Festa
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Medical Technology Laboratory, Bologna, Italy
| | - Serenella Papparella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Orlando Paciello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Prisco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Cristina Capanni
- CNR - Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza"- Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Loi
- CNR - Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza"- Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Schena
- CNR - Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza"- Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lattanzi
- CNR - Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza"- Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Squarzoni
- CNR - Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza"- Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
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40
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Graziano S, Kreienkamp R, Coll-Bonfill N, Gonzalo S. Causes and consequences of genomic instability in laminopathies: Replication stress and interferon response. Nucleus 2019; 9:258-275. [PMID: 29637811 PMCID: PMC5973265 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2018.1454168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian nuclei are equipped with a framework of intermediate filaments that function as a karyoskeleton. This nuclear scaffold, formed primarily by lamins (A-type and B-type), maintains the spatial and functional organization of the genome and of sub-nuclear compartments. Over the past decade, a body of evidence has highlighted the significance of these structural nuclear proteins in the maintenance of nuclear architecture and mechanical stability, as well as genome function and integrity. The importance of these structures is now unquestioned given the wide range of degenerative diseases that stem from LMNA gene mutations, including muscular dystrophy disorders, peripheral neuropathies, lipodystrophies, and premature aging syndromes. Here, we review our knowledge about how alterations in nuclear lamins, either by mutation or reduced expression, impact cellular mechanisms that maintain genome integrity. Despite the fact that DNA replication is the major source of DNA damage and genomic instability in dividing cells, how alterations in lamins function impact replication remains minimally explored. We summarize recent studies showing that lamins play a role in DNA replication, and that the DNA damage that accumulates upon lamins dysfunction is elicited in part by deprotection of replication forks. We also discuss the emerging model that DNA damage and replication stress are “sensed” at the cytoplasm by proteins that normally survey this space in search of foreign nucleic acids. In turn, these cytosolic sensors activate innate immune responses, which are materializing as important players in aging and cancer, as well as in the response to cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Graziano
- a Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Saint Louis University School of Medicine , St. Louis , MO , USA
| | - Ray Kreienkamp
- a Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Saint Louis University School of Medicine , St. Louis , MO , USA
| | - Nuria Coll-Bonfill
- a Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Saint Louis University School of Medicine , St. Louis , MO , USA
| | - Susana Gonzalo
- a Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Saint Louis University School of Medicine , St. Louis , MO , USA
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Bernasconi P, Carboni N, Ricci G, Siciliano G, Politano L, Maggi L, Mongini T, Vercelli L, Rodolico C, Biagini E, Boriani G, Ruggiero L, Santoro L, Schena E, Prencipe S, Evangelisti C, Pegoraro E, Morandi L, Columbaro M, Lanzuolo C, Sabatelli P, Cavalcante P, Cappelletti C, Bonne G, Muchir A, Lattanzi G. Elevated TGF β2 serum levels in Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy: Implications for myocyte and tenocyte differentiation and fibrogenic processes. Nucleus 2019; 9:292-304. [PMID: 29693488 PMCID: PMC5973167 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2018.1467722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Among rare diseases caused by mutations in LMNA gene, Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy type 2 and Limb-Girdle muscular Dystrophy 1B are characterized by muscle weakness and wasting, joint contractures, cardiomyopathy with conduction system disorders. Circulating biomarkers for these pathologies have not been identified. Here, we analyzed the secretome of a cohort of patients affected by these muscular laminopathies in the attempt to identify a common signature. Multiplex cytokine assay showed that transforming growth factor beta 2 (TGF β2) and interleukin 17 serum levels are consistently elevated in the vast majority of examined patients, while interleukin 6 and basic fibroblast growth factor are altered in subgroups of patients. Levels of TGF β2 are also increased in fibroblast and myoblast cultures established from patient biopsies as well as in serum from mice bearing the H222P Lmna mutation causing Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy in humans. Both patient serum and fibroblast conditioned media activated a TGF β2-dependent fibrogenic program in normal human myoblasts and tenocytes and inhibited myoblast differentiation. Consistent with these results, a TGF β2 neutralizing antibody avoided fibrogenic marker activation and myogenesis impairment. Cell intrinsic TGF β2-dependent mechanisms were also determined in laminopathic cells, where TGF β2 activated AKT/mTOR phosphorylation. These data show that TGF β2 contributes to the pathogenesis of Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy type 2 and Limb-Girdle muscular Dystrophy 1B and can be considered a potential biomarker of those diseases. Further, the evidence of TGF β2 pathogenetic effects in tenocytes provides the first mechanistic insight into occurrence of joint contractures in muscular laminopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Bernasconi
- a Neurology IV - Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit , Foundation IRCCS Neurological Institute "Carlo Besta" , Milan , Italy
| | - Nicola Carboni
- b Neurology Department , Hospital San Francesco of Nuoro , Nuoro , Italy
| | - Giulia Ricci
- c Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | - Gabriele Siciliano
- c Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | - Luisa Politano
- d Cardiomyology and Medical Genetics, Department of Experimental Medicine , Campania University "Luigi Vanvitelli" (former denomination: Second University of Naples) , Italy
| | - Lorenzo Maggi
- a Neurology IV - Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit , Foundation IRCCS Neurological Institute "Carlo Besta" , Milan , Italy
| | - Tiziana Mongini
- e Department of Neurosciences "Rita Levi Montalcini" , University of Turin , Turin , Italy
| | - Liliana Vercelli
- e Department of Neurosciences "Rita Levi Montalcini" , University of Turin , Turin , Italy
| | - Carmelo Rodolico
- f Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems "ISASI Edoardo Caianello", National Research Council of Italy , Messina , Italy
| | - Elena Biagini
- g Istituto di Cardiologia, Università di Bologna, Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi , Bologna , Italy
| | - Giuseppe Boriani
- h Cardiology Division, Department of Diagnostics , Clinical and Public Health Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Policlinico di Modena , Modena , Italy
| | - Lucia Ruggiero
- i Department of Neurosciences , Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II" , Naples , Italy
| | - Lucio Santoro
- i Department of Neurosciences , Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II" , Naples , Italy
| | - Elisa Schena
- j Institute of Molecular Genetics (IGM)-CNR, Unit of Bologna , Bologna , Italy.,k Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Cell Biology , Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute , Bologna , Italy
| | - Sabino Prencipe
- j Institute of Molecular Genetics (IGM)-CNR, Unit of Bologna , Bologna , Italy.,k Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Cell Biology , Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute , Bologna , Italy
| | - Camilla Evangelisti
- j Institute of Molecular Genetics (IGM)-CNR, Unit of Bologna , Bologna , Italy.,k Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Cell Biology , Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute , Bologna , Italy
| | - Elena Pegoraro
- l Department of Neurosciences , Neuromuscular Center, University of Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - Lucia Morandi
- a Neurology IV - Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit , Foundation IRCCS Neurological Institute "Carlo Besta" , Milan , Italy
| | - Marta Columbaro
- k Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Cell Biology , Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute , Bologna , Italy
| | - Chiara Lanzuolo
- m Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare "Romeo and Enrica Invernizzi" , Milan , Italy.,n Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation , Rome , Italy
| | - Patrizia Sabatelli
- j Institute of Molecular Genetics (IGM)-CNR, Unit of Bologna , Bologna , Italy.,k Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Cell Biology , Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute , Bologna , Italy
| | - Paola Cavalcante
- a Neurology IV - Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit , Foundation IRCCS Neurological Institute "Carlo Besta" , Milan , Italy
| | - Cristina Cappelletti
- a Neurology IV - Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit , Foundation IRCCS Neurological Institute "Carlo Besta" , Milan , Italy
| | - Gisèle Bonne
- o Sorbonne Universités , UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology, Institut de Myologie, G.H. Pitié Salpêtrière , Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Antoine Muchir
- o Sorbonne Universités , UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology, Institut de Myologie, G.H. Pitié Salpêtrière , Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Giovanna Lattanzi
- j Institute of Molecular Genetics (IGM)-CNR, Unit of Bologna , Bologna , Italy.,k Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Cell Biology , Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute , Bologna , Italy
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Pellegrini C, Columbaro M, Schena E, Prencipe S, Andrenacci D, Iozzo P, Angela Guzzardi M, Capanni C, Mattioli E, Loi M, Araujo-Vilar D, Squarzoni S, Cinti S, Morselli P, Giorgetti A, Zanotti L, Gambineri A, Lattanzi G. Altered adipocyte differentiation and unbalanced autophagy in type 2 Familial Partial Lipodystrophy: an in vitro and in vivo study of adipose tissue browning. Exp Mol Med 2019; 51:1-17. [PMID: 31375660 PMCID: PMC6802660 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-019-0289-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Type-2 Familial Partial Lipodystrophy is caused by LMNA mutations. Patients gradually lose subcutaneous fat from the limbs, while they accumulate adipose tissue in the face and neck. Several studies have demonstrated that autophagy is involved in the regulation of adipocyte differentiation and the maintenance of the balance between white and brown adipose tissue. We identified deregulation of autophagy in laminopathic preadipocytes before induction of differentiation. Moreover, in differentiating white adipocyte precursors, we observed impairment of large lipid droplet formation, altered regulation of adipose tissue genes, and expression of the brown adipose tissue marker UCP1. Conversely, in lipodystrophic brown adipocyte precursors induced to differentiate, we noticed activation of autophagy, formation of enlarged lipid droplets typical of white adipocytes, and dysregulation of brown adipose tissue genes. In agreement with these in vitro results indicating conversion of FPLD2 brown preadipocytes toward the white lineage, adipose tissue from FPLD2 patient neck, an area of brown adipogenesis, showed a white phenotype reminiscent of its brown origin. Moreover, in vivo morpho-functional evaluation of fat depots in the neck area of three FPLD2 patients by PET/CT analysis with cold stimulation showed the absence of brown adipose tissue activity. These findings highlight a new pathogenetic mechanism leading to improper fat distribution in lamin A-linked lipodystrophies and show that both impaired white adipocyte turnover and failure of adipose tissue browning contribute to disease. An abnormal distribution of fatty tissues associated with certain tissue disorders is driven by disrupted fat cell differentiation. Type 2 familial partial lipodystrophy (FPLD2) is a genetic condition that results in fat being lost from the limbs and accumulating in the face and neck. Giovanna Lattanzi at the National Research Council of Italy in Bologna and co-workers found that fat cell (adipocyte) precursors did not clearly differentiate into either of the two main fatty tissue types, brown or white, in FPLD2 patients. White adipocyte precursors exhibited impaired lipid formation and abnormal levels of brown tissue markers. Conversely, brown adipocyte precursors showed high lipid levels and increased autophagy, a natural process involving degradation and recycling of cellular components. The neck is normally where brown fat accumulates, but FPLD2 patients had adipocytes there displaying white fat characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Pellegrini
- CNR - National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Elisa Schena
- CNR - National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sabino Prencipe
- CNR - National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Davide Andrenacci
- CNR - National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Patricia Iozzo
- CNR - National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Angela Guzzardi
- CNR - National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy
| | - Cristina Capanni
- CNR - National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Mattioli
- CNR - National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Loi
- CNR - National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - David Araujo-Vilar
- Department of Medicine, CIMUS Biomedical Research Institute, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Stefano Squarzoni
- CNR - National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Saverio Cinti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Ancona (UniversitàPolitecnicadelle Marche), Ancona, Italy.,Center of Obesity of University of Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - Paolo Morselli
- Plastic Surgery Unit, Department of Specialised, Experimental, and Diagnostic Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, S Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Laura Zanotti
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, S Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandra Gambineri
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, S Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lattanzi
- CNR - National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. .,IRCCS, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
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43
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Ankrd2 in Mechanotransduction and Oxidative Stress Response in Skeletal Muscle: New Cues for the Pathogenesis of Muscular Laminopathies. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:7318796. [PMID: 31428229 PMCID: PMC6681624 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7318796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ankrd2 (ankyrin repeats containing domain 2) or Arpp (ankyrin repeat, PEST sequence, and proline-rich region) is a member of the muscle ankyrin repeat protein family. Ankrd2 is mostly expressed in skeletal muscle, where it plays an intriguing role in the transcriptional response to stress induced by mechanical stimulation as well as by cellular reactive oxygen species. Our studies in myoblasts from Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy 2, a LMNA-linked disease affecting skeletal and cardiac muscles, demonstrated that Ankrd2 is a lamin A-binding protein and that mutated lamins found in Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy change the dynamics of Ankrd2 nuclear import, thus affecting oxidative stress response. In this review, besides describing the latest advances related to Ankrd2 studies, including novel discoveries on Ankrd2 isoform-specific functions, we report the main findings on the relationship of Ankrd2 with A-type lamins and discuss known and potential mechanisms involving defective Ankrd2-lamin A interplay in the pathogenesis of muscular laminopathies.
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44
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Samson C, Petitalot A, Celli F, Herrada I, Ropars V, Le Du MH, Nhiri N, Jacquet E, Arteni AA, Buendia B, Zinn-Justin S. Structural analysis of the ternary complex between lamin A/C, BAF and emerin identifies an interface disrupted in autosomal recessive progeroid diseases. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 46:10460-10473. [PMID: 30137533 PMCID: PMC6212729 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Lamins are the main components of the nucleoskeleton. Whereas their 3D organization was recently described using cryoelectron tomography, no structural data highlights how they interact with their partners at the interface between the inner nuclear envelope and chromatin. A large number of mutations causing rare genetic disorders called laminopathies were identified in the C-terminal globular Igfold domain of lamins A and C. We here present a first structural description of the interaction between the lamin A/C immunoglobulin-like domain and emerin, a nuclear envelope protein. We reveal that this lamin A/C domain both directly binds self-assembled emerin and interacts with monomeric emerin LEM domain through the dimeric chromatin-associated Barrier-to-Autointegration Factor (BAF) protein. Mutations causing autosomal recessive progeroid syndromes specifically impair proper binding of lamin A/C domain to BAF, thus destabilizing the link between lamin A/C and BAF in cells. Recent data revealed that, during nuclear assembly, BAF’s ability to bridge distant DNA sites is essential for guiding membranes to form a single nucleus around the mitotic chromosome ensemble. Our results suggest that BAF interaction with lamin A/C also plays an essential role, and that mutations associated with progeroid syndromes leads to a dysregulation of BAF-mediated chromatin organization and gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Samson
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Ambre Petitalot
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Florian Celli
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Isaline Herrada
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Virginie Ropars
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marie-Hélène Le Du
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Naïma Nhiri
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UPR 2301, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Eric Jacquet
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UPR 2301, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Ana-Andrea Arteni
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Brigitte Buendia
- Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative (BFA), CNRS UMR 8251, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Zinn-Justin
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +33 169083026;
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Armando RG, Mengual Gomez DL, Maggio J, Sanmartin MC, Gomez DE. Telomeropathies: Etiology, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ethical and legal considerations. Clin Genet 2019; 96:3-16. [PMID: 30820928 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Telomeropathies involve a wide variety of infrequent genetic diseases caused by mutations in the telomerase maintenance mechanism or the DNA damage response (DDR) system. They are considered a family of rare diseases that often share causes, molecular mechanisms and symptoms. Generally, these diseases are not diagnosed until the symptoms are advanced, diminishing the survival time of patients. Although several related syndromes may still be unrecognized this work describes those that are known, highlighting that because they are rare diseases, physicians should be trained in their early diagnosis. The etiology and diagnosis are discussed for each telomeropathy and the treatments when available, along with a new classification of this group of diseases. Ethical and legal issues related to this group of diseases are also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina G Armando
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego L Mengual Gomez
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julián Maggio
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María C Sanmartin
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel E Gomez
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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46
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Grafe M, Batsios P, Meyer I, Lisin D, Baumann O, Goldberg MW, Gräf R. Supramolecular Structures of the Dictyostelium Lamin NE81. Cells 2019; 8:cells8020162. [PMID: 30781468 PMCID: PMC6406624 DOI: 10.3390/cells8020162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear lamins are nucleus-specific intermediate filaments (IF) found at the inner nuclear membrane (INM) of the nuclear envelope (NE). Together with nuclear envelope transmembrane proteins, they form the nuclear lamina and are crucial for gene regulation and mechanical robustness of the nucleus and the whole cell. Recently, we characterized Dictyostelium NE81 as an evolutionarily conserved lamin-like protein, both on the sequence and functional level. Here, we show on the structural level that the Dictyostelium NE81 is also capable of assembling into filaments, just as metazoan lamin filament assemblies. Using field-emission scanning electron microscopy, we show that NE81 expressed in Xenopous oocytes forms filamentous structures with an overall appearance highly reminiscent of Xenopus lamin B2. The in vitro assembly properties of recombinant His-tagged NE81 purified from Dictyostelium extracts are very similar to those of metazoan lamins. Super-resolution stimulated emission depletion (STED) and expansion microscopy (ExM), as well as transmission electron microscopy of negatively stained purified NE81, demonstrated its capability of forming filamentous structures under low-ionic-strength conditions. These results recommend Dictyostelium as a non-mammalian model organism with a well-characterized nuclear envelope involving all relevant protein components known in animal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Grafe
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
| | - Petros Batsios
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
| | - Irene Meyer
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
| | - Daria Lisin
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
| | - Otto Baumann
- Department of Animal Physiology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
| | - Martin W Goldberg
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Science Laboratories, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK.
| | - Ralph Gräf
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
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47
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The Cutting Edge: The Role of mTOR Signaling in Laminopathies. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20040847. [PMID: 30781376 PMCID: PMC6412338 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a ubiquitous serine/threonine kinase that regulates anabolic and catabolic processes, in response to environmental inputs. The existence of mTOR in numerous cell compartments explains its specific ability to sense stress, execute growth signals, and regulate autophagy. mTOR signaling deregulation is closely related to aging and age-related disorders, among which progeroid laminopathies represent genetically characterized clinical entities with well-defined phenotypes. These diseases are caused by LMNA mutations and feature altered bone turnover, metabolic dysregulation, and mild to severe segmental progeria. Different LMNA mutations cause muscular, adipose tissue and nerve pathologies in the absence of major systemic involvement. This review explores recent advances on mTOR involvement in progeroid and tissue-specific laminopathies. Indeed, hyper-activation of protein kinase B (AKT)/mTOR signaling has been demonstrated in muscular laminopathies, and rescue of mTOR-regulated pathways increases lifespan in animal models of Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy. Further, rapamycin, the best known mTOR inhibitor, has been used to elicit autophagy and degradation of mutated lamin A or progerin in progeroid cells. This review focuses on mTOR-dependent pathogenetic events identified in Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy, LMNA-related cardiomyopathies, Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria, mandibuloacral dysplasia, and type 2 familial partial lipodystrophy. Pharmacological application of mTOR inhibitors in view of therapeutic strategies is also discussed.
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48
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Ho R, Hegele RA. Complex effects of laminopathy mutations on nuclear structure and function. Clin Genet 2018; 95:199-209. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.13455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosettia Ho
- Departments of Biochemistry and Medicine, and Robarts Research Institute; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University; London Ontario Canada
| | - Robert A. Hegele
- Departments of Biochemistry and Medicine, and Robarts Research Institute; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University; London Ontario Canada
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49
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Mattioli E, Andrenacci D, Garofalo C, Prencipe S, Scotlandi K, Remondini D, Gentilini D, Di Blasio AM, Valente S, Scarano E, Cicchilitti L, Piaggio G, Mai A, Lattanzi G. Altered modulation of lamin A/C-HDAC2 interaction and p21 expression during oxidative stress response in HGPS. Aging Cell 2018; 17:e12824. [PMID: 30109767 PMCID: PMC6156291 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Defects in stress response are main determinants of cellular senescence and organism aging. In fibroblasts from patients affected by Hutchinson-Gilford progeria, a severe LMNA-linked syndrome associated with bone resorption, cardiovascular disorders, and premature aging, we found altered modulation of CDKN1A, encoding p21, upon oxidative stress induction, and accumulation of senescence markers during stress recovery. In this context, we unraveled a dynamic interaction of lamin A/C with HDAC2, an histone deacetylase that regulates CDKN1A expression. In control skin fibroblasts, lamin A/C is part of a protein complex including HDAC2 and its histone substrates; protein interaction is reduced at the onset of DNA damage response and recovered after completion of DNA repair. This interplay parallels modulation of p21 expression and global histone acetylation, and it is disrupted by LMNAmutations leading to progeroid phenotypes. In fact, HGPS cells show impaired lamin A/C-HDAC2 interplay and accumulation of p21 upon stress recovery. Collectively, these results link altered physical interaction between lamin A/C and HDAC2 to cellular and organism aging. The lamin A/C-HDAC2 complex may be a novel therapeutic target to slow down progression of progeria symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Mattioli
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics, Unit of Bologna; Bologna Italy
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute; IRCCS; Bologna Italy
| | - Davide Andrenacci
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics, Unit of Bologna; Bologna Italy
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute; IRCCS; Bologna Italy
| | - Cecilia Garofalo
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute; IRCCS; Bologna Italy
- CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Experimental Oncology Lab; Rizzoli Institute; Bologna Italy
| | - Sabino Prencipe
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics, Unit of Bologna; Bologna Italy
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute; IRCCS; Bologna Italy
| | - Katia Scotlandi
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute; IRCCS; Bologna Italy
- CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Experimental Oncology Lab; Rizzoli Institute; Bologna Italy
| | - Daniel Remondini
- Department of Physics and Astronomy; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Davide Gentilini
- Centre for Biomedical Research and Technologies; Italian Auxologic Institute, IRCCS; Milan Italy
| | - Anna Maria Di Blasio
- Centre for Biomedical Research and Technologies; Italian Auxologic Institute, IRCCS; Milan Italy
| | - Sergio Valente
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies; Pasteur Institute Italy; Cenci-Bolognetti Foundation; Sapienza University of Rome; Rome Italy
| | - Emanuela Scarano
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Rare Diseases Unit; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Lucia Cicchilitti
- UOSD SAFU, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies; IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute; Rome Italy
| | - Giulia Piaggio
- UOSD SAFU, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies; IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute; Rome Italy
| | - Antonello Mai
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies; Pasteur Institute Italy; Cenci-Bolognetti Foundation; Sapienza University of Rome; Rome Italy
| | - Giovanna Lattanzi
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics, Unit of Bologna; Bologna Italy
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute; IRCCS; Bologna Italy
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50
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Affiliation(s)
- Saverio Cinti
- Professor of Human Anatomy, Director, Center of Obesity, University of Ancona (Politecnica delle Marche), Ancona, Italy
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