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Sekine A, Nakajima K. Moderate-to-Heavy Alcohol Consumption May Cause a Significant Decrease in Serum High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Middle-Aged Women: A Cohort Study of the National Database Study in the Kanto 7 Prefectures-4. Cureus 2024; 16:e55467. [PMID: 38571845 PMCID: PMC10988562 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims Little is known about the association between habitual alcohol consumption and serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in women. We aimed to investigate this association in middle-aged Japanese women in a community-based cohort study using conventional statistical analyses and explainable artificial intelligence (AI) analysis. Methods We retrospectively investigated the association between alcohol consumption and HDL-C after 10 years in 90,053 women aged 40-64 years whose drinking habits were generally consistent for 10 years. Results After 10 years, 11.3% and 17.9% of subjects had serum HDL-C decreased by ≥10 mg/dL and ≥10%, respectively. In unadjusted analysis, moderate-to-heavy alcohol consumption may both increase and decrease serum HDL-C levels after 10 years. After adjustment for potential confounding factors, moderate (23-45 g/day) and heavy (≥46 g/day) alcohol consumption were each significantly associated with decreases in HDL-C (OR (95% CI): 1.18 and 1.36 (1.11-1.26 and 1.21-1.53) for ≥10 mg/dL, 1.11 and 1.29 (1.05-1.17 and 1.17-1.43) for ≥10%), but not associated with an increase in HDL-C (0.96 and 0.98 (0.91-1.01 and 0.89-1.08) for ≥10 mg/dL, 0.97 and 0.96 (0.93-1.01 and 0.88-1.05) for ≥10%). Further analysis after adjustment for baseline serum HDL-C showed the same results. AI analysis showed that alcohol consumption was the 8th positive contributor to the decrease in HDL-C, following baseline high HDL-C (≥77 mg/dL), high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (≥133 mg/dL), high body mass index (≥23.1 kg/m2), pharmacotherapy for dyslipidemia, high triglycerides (≥70 mg/dL), age 44-64 years, and smoking. Heavy alcohol consumption was a more positive contributor to decreased HDL-C than were other alcohol consumption levels. Conclusions Habitual moderate-to-heavy alcohol consumption may cause a significant decrease in serum HDL-C in middle-aged women, which may be modified by concomitant factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airi Sekine
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Japan Women's University, Tokyo, JPN
| | - Kei Nakajima
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Japan Women's University, Tokyo, JPN
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, JPN
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Long-Term Alcohol Consumption Caused a Significant Decrease in Serum High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL)-Cholesterol and Apolipoprotein A-I with the Atherogenic Changes of HDL in Middle-Aged Korean Women. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158623. [PMID: 35955766 PMCID: PMC9369027 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Light-to-moderate alcohol drinking is associated with a low incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) via an elevation of high-density lipoproteins-cholesterol (HDL-C), particularly with the short-term supplementation of alcohol. However, there is no information on the change in the HDL qualities and functionalities between non-drinkers and mild drinkers in the long-term consumption of alcohol. This study analyzed the lipid and lipoprotein profiles of middle-aged Korean female non-drinkers, mild-drinkers, and binge-drinkers, who consumed alcohol for at least 10 years. Unexpectedly, the serum levels of HDL-C and apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) were decreased significantly depending on the alcohol amount; the binge-drinker group showed 18% and 13% lower HDL-C (p = 0.011) and apoA-I levels (p = 0.024), respectively, than the non-drinker group. Triglyceride (TG) and oxidized species, malondialdehyde (MDA), and low-density lipoproteins (LDL) levels were significantly elevated in the drinker groups. Interestingly, the binge-drinker group showed 1.4-fold higher (p = 0.020) cholesterol contents in HDL2 and 1.7-fold higher (p < 0.001) TG contents in HDL3 than those of the non-drinker group. The mild-drinker group also showed higher TG contents in HDL3 (p = 0.032) than the non-drinker group, while cholesterol contents were similar in the HDL3 of all groups. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that the non-drinker group showed a more distinct and clear particle shape of the LDL and HDL image with a larger particle size than the drinker group. Electrophoresis of LDL showed that the drinker group had faster electromobility with a higher smear band intensity and aggregation in the loading position than the non-drinker group. The HDL level of binge drinkers showed the lowest paraoxonase activity, the highest glycated extent, and the most smear band intensity of HDL and apoA-I, indicating that HDL quality and functionality were impaired by alcohol consumption. In conclusion, long-term alcohol consumption in middle-aged women, even in small amounts, caused a significant decrease in the serum HDL-C and apoA-I with atherogenic changes in LDL and HDL, such as an increase in TG and MDA content with a loss of paraoxonase activity.
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Association of High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein and Alcohol Consumption on Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Men. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19052571. [PMID: 35270264 PMCID: PMC8909415 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to examine the effect of both alcohol consumption and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) on metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Korean men. Methods: A cohort of 364 men included in this study was divided into four groups according to the amount of alcohol they consumed: the nondrinkers (ND), low moderate drinkers (LM, ≤7 standard drinks per week), high moderate drinkers (HM, 7 to 14 drinks per week), and heavy drinkers (HD, >14 drinks per week). Logistic regression analyses were performed after adjusting for age, exercise, and smoking. Results: The risk of MetS in the LM group with a high hsCRP level (1.0 or more mg/dL) was not significant. However, the risks of MetS were significantly higher in the HM and HD groups with high hsCRP levels than that in the ND group. The odds ratios of MetS in the HM and HD groups with high hsCRP levels were 3.44 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.25−9.52) and 3.14 (95% CI, 1.07−9.23), respectively. Conclusion: This study suggests that the risk of MetS is higher in men who consume more than seven drinks a week with high hsCRP levels than that in nondrinkers.
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Lee SJ, Ryu HK. Association between drinking behaviors and components of metabolic syndrome in subjects in their 20s and 30s: data obtained from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016–2018). Nutr Res Pract 2022; 16:392-404. [PMID: 35663442 PMCID: PMC9149318 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2022.16.3.392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Numerous studies have examined the relationship between drinking behaviors and metabolic syndrome (MetS) for adults, but these include very few studies for young adults. This study therefore undertook to investigate the association between drinking behaviors and components of MetS among adult drinkers aged 20–30 years. SUBJECTS/METHODS Using the 2016–2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data, drinking behaviors of adults in the age group 20–30 years were divided into 4 groups: 1) group A, good drinking habits; 2) group B, frequent binge drinking but not frequent drinking; 3) group C, frequent drinking but not frequent binge drinking; 4) group D, frequent drinking and binge drinking. The association between MetS components and drinking behaviors was analyzed by applying multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS We determined the prevalence risk compared to group A. In men, the prevalence risk of high triglyceride (TG) increased 2.051-fold in group C and 1.965-fold in group D. Moreover, in group D, the prevalence risk of low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) increased 0.668-fold, high blood pressure (BP) increased 2.147-fold, and MetS increased 1.567-fold. In women, there was an increased prevalence risk of low HDL-C (0.353-fold) and MetS (3.438-fold) in group C, whereas group D showed increased prevalence risk of abdominal obesity (2.959-fold), high TG (1.824-fold, and low HDL-C (0.424-fold). CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that frequent drinking increases the risk of high TG, whereas frequent and binge drinking increases the risk of high TG, low HDL-C, high BP, and prevalence of MetS in men. In women, frequent drinking without binge drinking increases the risk of low HDL-C and MetS, whereas frequent and binge drinking increases the risk of abdominal obesity, high TG, and low HDL-C. We propose that improvements in the drinking behaviors can reduce the prevalence of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Jin Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Ho Kyung Ryu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
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Sun FR, Wang BY. Alcohol and Metabolic-associated Fatty Liver Disease. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2021; 9:719-730. [PMID: 34722187 PMCID: PMC8516839 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2021.00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease is based on the detection of liver steatosis together with the presence of metabolic dysfunction. According to this new definition, the diagnosis of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease is independent of the amount of alcohol consumed. Actually, alcohol and its metabolites have various effects on metabolic-associated abnormalities during the process of alcohol metabolism. Studies have shown improved metabolic function in light to moderate alcohol drinkers. There are several studies focusing on the role of light to moderate alcohol intake on metabolic dysfunction. However, the results from studies are diverse, and the conclusions are often controversial. This review systematically discusses the effects of alcohol consumption, focusing on light to moderate alcohol consumption, obesity, lipid and glucose metabolism, and blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bing-Yuan Wang
- Correspondence to: Bing-Yuan Wang, Department of Elderly Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4233-6093. Tel: + 86-24-8328-3764, E-mail:
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Kim J, Choi S, Kim H, An S. Binge Drinking and Obesity-Related Eating: The Moderating Roles of the Eating Broadcast Viewing Experience among Korean Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18158066. [PMID: 34360359 PMCID: PMC8345399 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18158066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Recently, there has been a notable rise in binge drinking and in the popularity of eating broadcasts via TV and online platforms, especially in Korea. This study analyzed the moderating effect of the eating broadcast viewing experience on the relationship between binge drinking and obesity-related eating behaviors. Cross-sectional self-reported online survey data were collected from 1125 Korean adults. Moderation models for restrained, emotional, and external eating behaviors were tested using moderation analyses with Hayes’s PROCESS version 3.5 compatible with SPSS. As a result, the eating broadcast viewing experience moderated the relationship between binge drinking frequency and external eating (Fchange = 2.686, p = 0.045). More frequent binge drinking was associated with a higher level of external eating in participants who only watched online eating broadcasts, especially among women. Participants in their twenties showed the same above association; additionally, those who only watched TV eating broadcasts showed an inverse association, indicating that more frequent binge drinking was associated with a lower level of external eating. Consequently, an eating broadcast viewing experience was one of the environmental factors associated with binge drinking that influences obesity-related eating behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiye Kim
- Department of Health Convergence, Ewha Womans University, 52, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea; (J.K.); (S.C.)
| | - Saegyeol Choi
- Department of Health Convergence, Ewha Womans University, 52, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea; (J.K.); (S.C.)
| | - Hyekyeong Kim
- Department of Health Convergence, Ewha Womans University, 52, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea; (J.K.); (S.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-3277-4646
| | - Soontae An
- Department of Communication and Media, Ewha Womans University, 52, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea;
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Poret JM, Guidry JJ, Simon L, Molina PE. Chronic binge alcohol and ovariectomy dysregulate omental adipose tissue metaboproteome in simian immunodeficiency virus-infected female macaques. Physiol Genomics 2021; 53:358-371. [PMID: 34252326 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00001.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly reduced mortality of people living with HIV (PLWH), and the prevalence of at-risk alcohol use is higher among PLWH. Increased survival and aging of PLWH is associated with increased prevalence of metabolic comorbidities especially among menopausal women, and adipose tissue metabolic dysregulation may be a significant contributing factor. We examined the differential effects of chronic binge alcohol (CBA) administration and ovariectomy (OVX) on the omental adipose tissue (OmAT) proteome in a subset of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected macaques of a longitudinal parent study. Quantitative discovery-based proteomics identified 1,429 differentially expressed proteins. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) was used to calculate z-scores, or activation predictions, for functional pathways and diseases. Results revealed that protein changes associated with functional pathways centered around the "OmAT metaboproteome profile." Based on z-scores, CBA did not affect functional pathways of metabolic disease but dysregulated proteins involved in adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling and lipid metabolism. OVX-mediated proteome changes were predicted to promote pathways involved in glucose- and lipid-associated metabolic disease. Proteins involved in apoptosis, necrosis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) pathways were also predicted to be activated by OVX and these were predicted to be inhibited by CBA. These results provide evidence for the role of ovarian hormone loss in mediating OmAT metaboproteome dysregulation in SIV and suggest that CBA modifies OVX-associated changes. In the context of OVX, CBA administration produced larger metabolic and cellular effects, which we speculate may reflect a protective role of estrogen against CBA-mediated adipose tissue injury in female SIV-infected macaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonquil M Poret
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.,Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Jessie J Guidry
- Department of Biochemistry and The Proteomic Core Facility, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Liz Simon
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.,Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Patricia E Molina
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.,Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Golzarand M, Salari-Moghaddam A, Mirmiran P. Association between alcohol intake and overweight and obesity: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of 127 observational studies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:8078-8098. [PMID: 33998940 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1925221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have assessed the relationship between alcohol intake and overweight/obesity; however, the reported results are inconsistent. Therefore, the present systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies was designed to investigate the association between alcohol intake and general and abdominal obesity among the adults. Literature search was conducted in the PubMed/Medline and Web of Science databases up to August 2020. Odds ratio (OR), risk ratio (RR), or hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were used to pool effect size. To conduct dose-response meta-analysis, amount of alcohol intake was classified into three categories including light (<14 g/d), moderate (14-28 g/d), and heavy (>28 g/d). In the present study, 127 eligible studies were included. In cohort studies, there was no significant association between alcohol drinking and risk of overweight (OR: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.46 to 1.89), obesity (OR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.52 to 1.37), overweight/obesity (OR: 1.15, 95% CI: 0.84 to 1.58), and abdominal obesity (OR: 1.13, 95% CI: 0.90 to 1.41). In cross-sectional studies, alcohol intake was associated with the increased odds of overweight (OR: 1.11, 95% CI: 1.05 to 1.18), overweight/obesity (OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.11 to 1.37), and abdominal obesity (OR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.09 to 1.29); but not obesity (OR: 1.03, 95% CI: 0.95 to 1.12). Results of dose-response analysis indicated that heavy alcohol drinking was positively associated with odds of overweight (OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.24), overweight/obesity (OR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.16 to 1.51), and abdominal obesity (OR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.12 to 1.38) compared to non- or light alcohol drinking. There was no publication bias among studied on outcomes of interest. In conclusion, our results revealed alcohol drinkers, especially heavy alcohol drinkers, had increased odds of overweight, overweight/obesity, and abdominal obesity than non-alcohol drinker or light alcohol drinkers among cross-sectional studies but not cohort studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Golzarand
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asma Salari-Moghaddam
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Mirmiran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Li FE, Zhang FL, Zhang P, Liu D, Liu HY, Guo ZN, Yang Y. Sex-based differences in and risk factors for metabolic syndrome in adults aged 40 years and above in Northeast China: Results from the cross-sectional China national stroke screening survey. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e038671. [PMID: 33762227 PMCID: PMC7993204 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Low levels of income and education are risk factors for metabolic syndrome in the population of Northeast China, which has a high incidence of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to determine sex-based differences associated with the prevalence of and risk factors for metabolic syndrome among people older than 40 years in Northeast China; this has not been previously investigated. DESIGN This study analysed a portion of the large sample data of the national cross-sectional screening of China from 2016. Metabolic syndrome was defined as the presence of any three of the following five risk factors: abnormal waist circumference; high levels of triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol or fasting plasma glucose; and elevated blood pressure. Multiple regression analysis was used to investigate sex-based differences in the prevalence of, and risk factors for metabolic syndrome. SETTING The study was conducted in Dehui City, Jilin Province, China. PARTICIPANTS A total of 4052 participants with complete questionnaire information and laboratory examination results were included. RESULTS The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 50.1% overall (38.4% in men and 57.9% in women; p<0.001). High body mass index and hip circumference were associated with metabolic syndrome in both sexes. In addition, physical inactivity (OR and 95% CI 1.44 (1.06 to 1.97); p=0.022) in men and advanced age (OR and 95% CI 1.54 (1.15 to 2.04); p=0.003) in women were factors associated with metabolic syndrome. Women with junior high school education or above and living in rural areas were less likely to have metabolic syndrome. For men, education and rural or urban living had no association with metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSIONS The risk factors for metabolic syndrome have similarities and differences in different sexes; thus, the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome should be based on these sex differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-E Li
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, JiLin, Jilin, China
| | - Fu-Liang Zhang
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Dong Liu
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, JiLin, Jilin, China
| | - Hao-Yuan Liu
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhen-Ni Guo
- Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Chinese adults living in Ningbo and to examine the association between alcohol consumption and MetS and its medical components. DESIGN A representative survey in Ningbo was conducted in 2015 covering socio-demography. A FFQ together with additional questionnaires was used to collect information on alcohol consumption, diet, demography, lifestyle and medical information. Multivariable logistic regression and generalised linear models were used to examine the association between alcohol consumption and both MetS and its medical components, respectively. SETTING Ningbo, China. PARTICIPANTS A total of 2853 adults ≥ 20 years (44 % men) in this final analysis. RESULTS The prevalence of frequent alcohol drinkers and MetS was 29·9 % and 28·0 %, respectively. Significantly higher prevalence of MetS and mean values of medical components were found in the group of frequent alcohol drinkers with an exception for HDL-cholesterol, compared with less or non-alcohol drinkers. Frequent alcohol consumption was associated with higher odds of developing MetS and positively associated with medical components excepting waist circumference. CONCLUSIONS Frequent alcohol consumption contributed to a higher prevalence of MetS and unfavourable influence on MetS and its medical components among Chinese adults. A public health intervention on alcohol restriction is necessary for the prevention and control of the ongoing epidemic MetS.
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Monyeki KD, Siweya HJ, Kemper HCG, Kengne AP, Musinguzi G, Nkwana MR, Mothiba T, Malatji T, Baloyi SMA, Malema R, Leach L, Matshipi M, Sebati RB, Seloka MA, Sibuyi E, Monyeki SM. The Relationship between Binge Drinking and Metabolic Syndrome Components amongst Young Adults Aged 21 to 31 Years: Ellisras Longitudinal Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E7484. [PMID: 33076216 PMCID: PMC7650754 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence is lacking on the effects of binge alcohol consumption on metabolic syndrome in the rural South African population. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between binge drinking and components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) amongst Ellisras rural young adults aged 21 to 31 years who are part of the Ellisras Longitudinal Study. METHODS Logistic regression analysis was applied to a total of 624 participants (306 males and 318 females) aged 21 to 31 years who took part in the Ellisras Longitudinal Study (ELS). The model was adjusted for covariates, including smoking, age, and gender. Binge alcohol consumption was assessed using a standardised questionnaire that was validated for the Ellisras rural community. A standardised method of determining the components MetS was used after fasting blood samples were collected from all the participants. RESULTS Binge drinking remained significantly associated with low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (OR = 2.64, 95% CI = 1.23-5.65), after being adjusted for smoking, age, and gender. Other MetS components were not predicted. Instead, gender remained significantly associated with all MetS components, except triglycerides, at multivariate analysis. Age retained significance at multivariate analysis with waist girth (OR = 2.13, 95% CI = 1.37-3.34), triglycerides (OR = 2.30, 95% CI = 1.05-5.02), and the MetS composite (OR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.12-2.41). CONCLUSION Binge drinking was significantly associated with lower levels of HDL-C. Future studies should investigate the relationship between alcohol abuse and the components of incident MetS in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotsedi Daniel Monyeki
- Department of Physiology and Environmental Health, University of Limpopo, Sovenga 0727, South Africa; (M.R.N.); (M.M.); (R.B.S.); (M.A.S.); (E.S.); (S.M.M.)
| | - Hlengani James Siweya
- Executive Dean Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Limpopo, Sovenga 0727, South Africa;
| | - Han C. G. Kemper
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, 1218 HD Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Andre P. Kengne
- South African Medical Research Council, Francie van Zijl Drive, Parow Valley, Cape Town 7505, South Africa;
| | - Geofrey Musinguzi
- Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Makerere University, Kampala 7072, Uganda;
- Department of Primary and Interdisciplinary Care, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Mbelegem Rosina Nkwana
- Department of Physiology and Environmental Health, University of Limpopo, Sovenga 0727, South Africa; (M.R.N.); (M.M.); (R.B.S.); (M.A.S.); (E.S.); (S.M.M.)
| | - Tebogo Mothiba
- Faculty of Health Science, University of Limpopo, Sovenga 0727, South Africa;
| | - Tumiso Malatji
- Department of Health, Polokwane Provincial Hospital, Polokwane 0700, South Africa;
| | - Shisana M.-A. Baloyi
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Posbus 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa;
| | - Rambelani Malema
- Department of Psychology, University of Limpopo, Polokwane 0700, South Africa;
| | - Lloyd Leach
- Department of Sport, Recreation and Exercise Science, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa;
| | - Moloko Matshipi
- Department of Physiology and Environmental Health, University of Limpopo, Sovenga 0727, South Africa; (M.R.N.); (M.M.); (R.B.S.); (M.A.S.); (E.S.); (S.M.M.)
| | - Ramakgahlela Betty Sebati
- Department of Physiology and Environmental Health, University of Limpopo, Sovenga 0727, South Africa; (M.R.N.); (M.M.); (R.B.S.); (M.A.S.); (E.S.); (S.M.M.)
| | - Mohlago Ablonia Seloka
- Department of Physiology and Environmental Health, University of Limpopo, Sovenga 0727, South Africa; (M.R.N.); (M.M.); (R.B.S.); (M.A.S.); (E.S.); (S.M.M.)
| | - Eliot Sibuyi
- Department of Physiology and Environmental Health, University of Limpopo, Sovenga 0727, South Africa; (M.R.N.); (M.M.); (R.B.S.); (M.A.S.); (E.S.); (S.M.M.)
| | - Suzan Mafoloa Monyeki
- Department of Physiology and Environmental Health, University of Limpopo, Sovenga 0727, South Africa; (M.R.N.); (M.M.); (R.B.S.); (M.A.S.); (E.S.); (S.M.M.)
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Puddey IB, Mori TA, Barden AE, Beilin LJ. Alcohol and Hypertension—New Insights and Lingering Controversies. Curr Hypertens Rep 2019; 21:79. [DOI: 10.1007/s11906-019-0984-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Cardiovascular effects of alcohol: A double-edged sword / how to remain at the nadir point of the J-Curve? Alcohol 2019; 76:117-129. [PMID: 30735906 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In addition to its established harmful effects on the liver and other organs, heavy alcohol use confers deleterious effects on the cardiovascular (CV) system, as well. However, data have emerged that light/moderate alcohol consumption (1 drink/day for women and 1-2 drinks/day for men) may be protective against CV disease. OBJECTIVE/METHODS English articles regarding the CV effects of alcohol/ethanol were reviewed by search in Medline, Scopus, and Google Scholar. RESULTS A J-shaped curve has been proposed to illustrate a differential effect of alcohol on the CV system with the lowest point on the curve (light/moderate drinking) corresponding to optimal exposure to alcohol, which may confer cardioprotection, the rather neutral effect of non-drinking, and the highest risk of heavy and/or binge drinking reflecting the consequence of harmful exposure. However, staying at the nadir of this J-shaped curve appears difficult. Furthermore, concern and distrust have also been raised about the quality of evidence for such "cardioprotection", emphasizing the need for further randomized controlled trials. Another concern relates to the risk of moderate drinking leading to problem drinking, since alcohol is the most common addictive substance. CONCLUSION Optimal exposure to alcohol (light/moderate use) means that one needs to stay at the nadir of the J-shaped curve for alcohol use to avail oneself of possible cardioprotection, and this may not be an easy thing to accomplish and/or adhere to, especially if one "likes" alcohol drinking. However, the evidence of "cardioprotection" conferred by alcohol has also been refuted, due to lack of randomized controlled trials.
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