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Baek SU, Lim MH, Kim T, Lee YM, Won JU, Yoon JH. Relationship between long working hours and smoking behaviors: Evidence from population-based cohort studies in Korea. Scand J Work Environ Health 2024; 50:257-267. [PMID: 38497505 PMCID: PMC11129822 DOI: 10.5271/sjweh.4147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Long working hours and overwork are growing public health concerns in the Western-Pacific region. We explored the relationship between working hours and smoking behaviors of Korean workers. METHODS This study included 284 782 observations (50 508 workers) from four nationwide cohort studies in Korea. Using generalized estimating equations, we estimated the associations of working hours with current smoking status, smoking initiation, and smoking cessation within each cohort. Cohort-specific estimates were combined through random-effect meta-analysis. Effect sizes were presented as odds ratios (OR) and 95 confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS The overall smoking prevalence was 26.8% within the cohorts. The adjusted OR (95% CI) of the association between working hours and current smoking were 1.01 (0.94-1.08) for <35 hours/week, 1.04 (1.01-1.09) for 41-48 hours/week, 1.06 (1.01-1.10) for 49-54 hours/week, and 1.07 (1.04-1.10) for ≥55 hours/week compared with 35-40 hours/week. The adjusted OR (95% CI) of the association between working hours and smoking cessation in the follow-up were 0.93 (0.85-1.02) for <35 hours/week, 0.89 (0.83-0.96) for 41-48 hours/week, 0.87 (0.81-0.95) for 48-54 hours/week, and 0.91 (0.85-0.98) for ≥55 hours/week compared with 35-40 hours/week. No clear associations were observed between working hours and smoking initiation. CONCLUSION Long working hours are associated with high current smoking risk and reduced likelihood of smoking cessation among Korean workers. Policy interventions are required to promote smoking cessation and reduce excess overwork for individuals experiencing long working hours.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jin-Ha Yoon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
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Lee MS, Lee H. Chronic Disease Patterns and Their Relationship With Health-Related Quality of Life in South Korean Older Adults With the 2021 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: Latent Class Analysis. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2024; 10:e49433. [PMID: 38598275 PMCID: PMC11043926 DOI: 10.2196/49433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improved life expectancy has increased the prevalence of older adults living with multimorbidities, which likely deteriorates their health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Understanding which chronic conditions frequently co-occur can facilitate person-centered care tailored to the needs of individuals with specific multimorbidity profiles. OBJECTIVE The study objectives were to (1) examine the prevalence of multimorbidity among Korean older adults (ie, those aged 65 years and older), (2) investigate chronic disease patterns using latent class analysis, and (3) assess which chronic disease patterns are more strongly associated with HRQoL. METHODS A sample of 1806 individuals aged 65 years and older from the 2021 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was analyzed. Latent class analysis was conducted to identify the clustering pattern of chronic diseases. HRQoL was assessed by an 8-item health-related quality of life scale (HINT-8). Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the association with the total score of the HINT-8. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the odds ratio of having problems according to the HINT-8 items. RESULTS The prevalence of multimorbidity in the sample was 54.8%. Three chronic disease patterns were identified: relatively healthy, cardiometabolic condition, arthritis, allergy, or asthma. The total scores of the HINT-8 were the highest in participants characterized as arthritis, allergy, or asthma group, indicating the lowest quality of life. CONCLUSIONS Current health care models are disease-oriented, meaning that the management of chronic conditions applies to a single condition and may not be relevant to those with multimorbidities. Identifying chronic disease patterns and their impact on overall health and well-being is critical for guiding integrated care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Sun Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hooyeon Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Xu J, Pan Y, Li Q. Influencing factors of health screening among retirees: an extended TPB approach. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1320920. [PMID: 38584918 PMCID: PMC10998445 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1320920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Health screenings are promoted worldwide as they help detect and prevent overall health issues. Despite expanding coverage, the participation rate among the retired population has not significantly increased. Given the special role of health screenings in promoting health and healthy aging, understanding the behavioral intentions, and influencing factors of retirees' voluntary participation in health screenings is crucial. This study aims to explore the participation intentions in health screenings among the Chinese retired population by integrating the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and Self-Efficacy (SE). Methods This study used a cross-sectional design to conduct an online questionnaire among 311 retirees in 2023. The questionnaire, tailored for the Chinese retired population, combines the TPB theory and Self-Efficacy theory, including demographic structure, the basic structure of TPB, and SE. Results A Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach was used to identify factors related to health screening behaviors. Of the respondents, 311 completed the survey (88.9% response rate). The most crucial determinant of health examination behavior was behavioral intention, with a correlation score of (1.524, p < 0.001). Significant correlates of behavioral intention included Subjective Norms (SN) and Self-Efficacy (SE), followed by Perceived Behavioral Control (PBC) and Attitude (AT), with correlation scores of (0.401, p < 0.001), (0.339, p < 0.001), (0.082, p < 0.001), and (0.060, p < 0.05), respectively. Conclusion This study provides insights for enhancing the willingness and behavior of retirees to participate in health screenings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Xu
- Department of Smart Experience Design, Graduate School of Techno Design, Kookmin University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghwan Pan
- Department of Smart Experience Design, Graduate School of Techno Design, Kookmin University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee SB, Jo MK, Moon JE, Lee HJ, Kim JK. Relationship between Handgrip Strength and Incident Diabetes in Korean Adults According to Gender: A Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:627. [PMID: 38276133 PMCID: PMC10816212 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13020627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a well-known disease that causes comorbidities such as chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, it is necessary to develop diagnostic tools to prevent DM. Handgrip strength, a known diagnostic tool for sarcopenia, is a predictor of several diseases. However, the value of handgrip strength as an indicator of incident DM in Asian populations remains unknown. This study aimed to identify the relationship between handgrip strength and incidence of DM in Korean adults according to sex. (2) Methods: A total of 173,195 participants registered in a nationwide cohort were included in this study. After applying the exclusion criteria, 33,326 participants remained. DM occurred in 1473 individuals during the follow-up period (mean follow-up period, 4.1 years). To reduce the impact of body size, the study population was subdivided into quartiles of relative handgrip strength, defined as absolute handgrip strength divided by body mass index. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that the relative handgrip strength was inversely associated with new-onset DM. (3) Results: Compared with the lowest quartile (Q1), the hazard ratios (HRs) [95% confidence intervals (CIs)] for new-onset DM for the highest quartiles (Q4) was 0.60 (0.43-0.84) in men and 0.72 (0.52-0.99) in women after adjusting for confounding factors. The incidence of DM decreased with the increase in the relative handgrip strength. These inverse relationships were statistically more significant in men than in women. (4) Conclusions: This novel study revealed that relative handgrip strength is related to incident DM in both men and women. Relative handgrip strength can be used as a practical tool to prevent DM. Regular measurement of handgrip strength can be used to detect DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Bum Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon 22972, Republic of Korea; (S.-B.L.); (M.-K.J.); (H.-J.L.)
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyeung Jo
- Department of Family Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon 22972, Republic of Korea; (S.-B.L.); (M.-K.J.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Ji-Eun Moon
- Department of Biostatistics, Clinical Trial Centre, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon 14584, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hui-Jeong Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon 22972, Republic of Korea; (S.-B.L.); (M.-K.J.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Jong-Koo Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Global Health Care and Development, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea
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Kyung Y, Park YS, Jin MH, Lee HJ. Variability in the association of smoking status with the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in the Korean population according to different definitions of smoking status: analysis based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2014-2020). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38174714 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2300036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
We evaluated the association between smoking and diabetes, as well as the effects of gender differences and hidden smoking among females on this association using nationally representative data. Analyzing data from 44,049 individuals aged 19 and older, we utilized multivariable logistic regression to investigate associations, controlling for sociodemographic factors. Subgroup analysis based on smoking status determined factors associated with diabetes. To better our understanding of the smoking-diabetes relationship, we introduced a new variable, survey-cotinine verified smoking status (SCS). This study provides valuable insight by exploring the correlation between smoking and diabetes using different definitions of smoking status. Both male and female smokers showed correlations with diabetes according to cotinine-verified smoking status (OR: 1.22 and 1.48, respectively). According to smoking amount, cotinine-verified heavy smokers correlated with diabetes in males (OR: 1.37), while light smokers exhibited a negative correlation with diabetes in females for both cotinine-verified smoking status (OR: 0.60) and survey-cotinine verified status (OR: 0.58) Smoking was associated with diabetes in the overall population, with gender differences observed. When evaluating this association, we should consider variables of smoking amount, passive and intermittent smoking, and specifically, account for the influence of hidden smoking among females, particularly when utilizing self-reported questionnaires in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yechan Kyung
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
| | - Young Sook Park
- Department of Physical & Rehabilitation Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
| | - Mi Hyeon Jin
- Department of Biostatistics, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
| | - Hae Jeong Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
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Kwon MJ, Kang HS, Choi HG, Kim JH, Kim JH, Bang WJ, Hong SK, Kim NY, Hong S, Lee HK. Risk for Esophageal Cancer Based on Lifestyle Factors-Smoking, Alcohol Consumption, and Body Mass Index: Insight from a South Korean Population Study in a Low-Incidence Area. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7086. [PMID: 38002698 PMCID: PMC10672319 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12227086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer constitutes a global public health challenge. However, South Korean population-specific information on the association of lifestyle (smoking, alcohol consumption, and obesity status) with esophageal cancer risk is sparse. This nested case-control study analyzed the Korean national health screening cohort data (2002-2019) of 1114 patients with esophageal cancer and 4456 controls (1:4 propensity-score matched for sex, age, income, and residential region). Conditional and unconditional logistic regression analyses, after adjustment for multiple covariates, determined the effects of lifestyle factors on esophageal cancer risk. Smoking and alcohol consumption increased the esophageal cancer risk (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.37 [1.15-1.63] and 1.89 [1.60-2.23], respectively). Overweight (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 23 to <25 kg/m2), obese I (BMI ≥ 25 to <30 kg/m2), or obese II (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) categories had reduced odds of esophageal cancer (0.76 [0.62-0.92], 0.59 [0.48-0.72], and 0.47 [0.26-0.85], respectively). In the subgroup analyses, the association of incident esophageal cancer with smoking and alcohol consumption persisted, particularly in men or those aged ≥55 years, whereas higher BMI scores remained consistently associated with a reduced esophageal cancer likelihood across all age groups, in both sexes, and alcohol users or current smokers. Underweight current smokers exhibited a higher propensity for esophageal cancer. In conclusion, smoking and alcohol drinking may potentially increase the risk, whereas weight maintenance, with BMI ≥ 23 kg/m2, may potentially decrease the risk, for esophageal cancer in the South Korean population. Lifestyle modification in the specific subgroups may be a potential strategy for preventing esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Jung Kwon
- Department of Pathology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ho Suk Kang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyo Geun Choi
- Suseo Seoul E.N.T. Clinic and MD Analytics, 10, Bamgogae-ro 1-gil, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06349, Republic of Korea;
| | - Joo-Hee Kim
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ji Hee Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea;
| | - Woo Jin Bang
- Department of Urology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sung Kwang Hong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea;
| | - Nan Young Kim
- Hallym Institute of Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, Hallym University Medical Center, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea; (N.Y.K.); (S.H.)
| | - Sangkyoon Hong
- Hallym Institute of Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, Hallym University Medical Center, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea; (N.Y.K.); (S.H.)
| | - Hong Kyu Lee
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea
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Luu NM, Bui TT, Tran TPT, Nguyen THT, Oh JK. Combinations of lifestyle behaviors and cancer risk among Korean adults. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13765. [PMID: 37612448 PMCID: PMC10447503 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40819-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Combinations of lifestyle behaviors may lead to different cancer risks. This study aimed to identify the latent classes based on lifestyle behavior trajectories and to investigate the association between these latent classes and cancer risk. Participants in the 2002-2003 National Health Insurance Service general health examination were included. Data on smoking, alcohol drinking, body mass index (BMI), and physical activity measured four times between 2002 and 2009 were analyzed. Incident cancer cases were tracked from 2010 to 2018. Patterns of alcohol drinking, smoking, BMI, and physical activity and latent classes based on trajectories of smoking, alcohol drinking, BMI, and physical activity were identified. Among 2,735,110 adults (1,787,486 men and 947,624 women), 111,218 (69,089 men and 42,129 women) developed incident cancer. Six latent classes of lifestyle behavior were identified, with Class 1 (healthy class) involving only 0.2% of men and 0.5% of women. The highest risk class in males tended to be steady light drinkers and steady moderate smokers, have steady low frequency of physical activity, and be obese. This class showed a 1.47 times higher (95% CI = 1.29-1.69) risk of all cancers than did the healthy class. Among women, there was only an association between the highest risk class (tendency to be non-drinkers, light smokers) and colorectal cancer (HR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.02-2.83). Only a small percentage of participants maintained a long-term healthy lifestyle. Identifying classes of behavior combinations and their links to cancer development is therefore critical for cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc Minh Luu
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 410-769, Republic of Korea
- Department of Research Methodology and Biostatistics, School of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Tra Bui
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 410-769, Republic of Korea
| | - Thi Phuong Thao Tran
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 410-769, Republic of Korea
| | - Thi Huyen Trang Nguyen
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 410-769, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Kyoung Oh
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 410-769, Republic of Korea.
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
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Lee SB, Lee HJ, Ryu HE, Park B, Jung DH. Elevated Uric Acid Levels with Early Chronic Kidney Disease as an Indicator of New-Onset Ischemic Heart Disease: A Cohort of Koreans without Diabetes. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2212. [PMID: 37626709 PMCID: PMC10452705 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have showed that hyperuricemia is related to the development of ischemic heart disease (IHD). There is also growing evidence indicating that hyperuricemia may contribute to the progression of IHD as a pathogenic factor. Ironically, uric acid can be an antioxidant agent, as shown in experimental studies. The aim of our study is to analyse the association between uric acid and IHD with early-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD). Data were assessed from 17,492 participants without cardiovascular disease from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES) and Korea Health Insurance Review and Assessment (HIRA) data. The subjects were categorized as four groups according to CKD and uric acid levels. We retrospectively evaluated hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for IHD by using multivariate Cox regression analysis over a 4-year period from the baseline survey. During the follow-up, 335 individuals (3.4%; 236 men and 99 women) developed IHD. Compared to the participants without elevated uric acid and early CKD HRs for incident IHD according to uric acid levels and early CKD, the uric acid level was 1.13 (95% CI, 0.86-1.48) in participants with elevated uric acid and without early CKD, 0.99 (95% CI, 0.55-1.77) in participants without elevated uric acid and with early CKD, and 1.65 (95% CI, 1.03-2.66) in participants with elevated uric acid and early CKD after adjusting for confounding metabolic factors. Early CKD and high uric acid levels increased the risk of new-onset IHD (HR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.03-2.66). Elevated uric acid levels were related to an increased risk of incident IHD in early-stage CKD patients. It is expected that uric acid can be a reliable predictor for IHD, even in early-stage CKD patients; thus, in those with CKD, proactively managing uric acid levels can play a significant role in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Bum Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon-si 22972, Republic of Korea; (S.-B.L.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Hui-Jeong Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon-si 22972, Republic of Korea; (S.-B.L.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Ha Eun Ryu
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea;
| | - Byoungjin Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea;
| | - Dong-Hyuk Jung
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea;
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Kim BS, Kim JH, Kim W, Kim WS, Park S, Lee SJ, Kim JY, Lee EM, Ihm SH, Pyun WB, Shin JH, Shin J. Clinical and life style factors related to the nighttime blood pressure, nighttime dipping and their phenotypes in Korean hypertensive patients. Clin Hypertens 2023; 29:21. [PMID: 37525293 PMCID: PMC10391961 DOI: 10.1186/s40885-023-00241-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-dipping or reverse dipping patterns are known to be associated with adverse cardiovascular prognosis among the general population and clinical cohort. Few large sized studies have explored factors including sleep duration and sleep quality related to nighttime blood pressure (BP) and nocturnal dipping patterns. METHODS Among 5,360 patients enrolled in Korean multicenter nationwide prospective Registry of ambulatory BP monitoring (KORABP), 981 subjects with complete data on sleep duration, sleep quality assessed using a 4-point Likert scale, and clinical variables were included in the analysis. Phenotypes of nighttime BP pattern were categorized as extreme dipper, dipper, non-dipper, and reverse dipper. Hypertension was defined as a 24-h ambulatory BPs were 130/80 mmHg or higher. RESULTS Among 981 subjects, 221 were normotensive, 359 were untreated hypertensive, and 401 were treated hypertensive. Age of the participants were 53.87 ± 14.02 years and 47.1% were female. In overall patients, sleep duration was 431.99 ± 107.61 min, and one to four points of sleep quality were observed in 15.5%, 30.0%, 30.4%, and 24.2%, respectively. Of the 760 hypertensive patients, extreme dipper, dipper, non-dipper, and reverse dipper were observed in 58 (7.63%), 277 (36.45%), 325 (42.76%), and 100 (13.16%), respectively. In multiple linear regression analysis, sleep duration (β = 0.0105, p < 0.001) and sleep quality (β = -0.8093, p < 0.001) were associated with nighttime systolic BP and sleep quality was associated with extent of nighttime systolic BP dipping (β = 0.7622, p < 0.001) in hypertensive patients. In addition, sleep quality showed positive association with dipper pattern (odds ratio [OR] = 1.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03-1.30) and showed negative association with reverse dipper pattern (OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.62-0.86) in multiple logistic regression analyses. CONCLUSION When adjusted covariates, less sleep duration and poor sleep quality were positively associated with nighttime systolic BP. Additionally, sleep quality was the independent associated factor for dipper and reverse dipper phenotypes. The study also found that male sex, low estimated glomerular filtration rate, high ambulatory BP, low office BP, and poor sleep quality were associated with blunted nighttime SBP dipping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Sik Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, South Korea
| | - Ju Han Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Wan Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gwangju Veterans Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Woo Shik Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sungha Park
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Jae Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Jang Young Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Eun Mi Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University Hospital, Sanbon, South Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Ihm
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Wook Bum Pyun
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ehwa Women's University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Hun Shin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Medical Center, Hanyang University College of Medicine, 222, Wangsimni-Ro, Sungdong-Gu, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Jinho Shin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Medical Center, Hanyang University College of Medicine, 222, Wangsimni-Ro, Sungdong-Gu, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.
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Lee SB, Kim M, Lee HJ, Kim JK. Association of handgrip strength with new-onset CKD in Korean adults according to gender. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1148386. [PMID: 37409278 PMCID: PMC10318437 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1148386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Handgrip strength (HGS) is an indicator of many diseases such as pneumonia, cardiovascular disease and cancer. HGS can also predict renal function in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, but the value of HGS as a predictor of new-onset CKD is unknown. Methods 173,195 subjects were recruited from a nationwide cohort and were followed for 4.1 years. After exclusions, 35,757 participants remained in the final study, and CKD developed in 1063 individuals during the follow-up period. Lifestyle, anthropometric and laboratory data were evaluated in relation to the risk of CKD. Results The participants were subdivided into quartiles according to relative handgrip strength (RGS). Multivariate Cox regression demonstrated that RGS was inversely associated with incident CKD. Compared with the lowest quartile, the hazard ratios (HRs) [95% confidence intervals (CIs)] for incident CKD for the highest quartile (Q4) was 0.55 (0.34-0.88) after adjusting for covariates in men and 0.51 (0.31-0.85) in women. The incidence of CKD decreased as RGS increased. These negative associations were more significant in men than in women. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that baseline RGS had predictive power for new-onset CKD. Area under the curve (AUC) (95% CIs) was 0.739 (0.707-0.770) in men and 0.765 (0.729-0.801) in women. Conclusion This is the novel study demonstrating that RGS is associated with incident CKD in both men and women. The relationship between RGS and incident CKD is more significant in women than in men. RGS can be used in clinical practice to evaluate renal prognosis. Regular measurement of handgrip strength is essential to CKD detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Bum Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Miryung Kim
- Department of Nephrology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hui-Jeong Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Koo Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Global Health Care and Development, Wonju, Republic of Korea
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11
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Gwon YG, Han SJ, Kim KH. Trends in the Quality of Primary Care and Acute Care in Korea From 2008 to 2020: A Cross-sectional Study. J Prev Med Public Health 2023; 56:248-254. [PMID: 37287202 DOI: 10.3961/jpmph.23.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Measuring the quality of care is paramount to inform policies for healthcare services. Nevertheless, little is known about the quality of primary care and acute care provided in Korea. This study investigated trends in the quality of primary care and acute care. METHODS Case-fatality rates and avoidable hospitalization rates were used as performance indicators to assess the quality of primary care and acute care. Admission data for the period 2008 to 2020 were extracted from the National Health Insurance Claims Database. Case-fatality rates and avoidable hospitalization rates were standardized by age and sex to adjust for patients' characteristics over time, and significant changes in the rates were identified by joinpoint regression. RESULTS The average annual percent change in age-/sex-standardized case-fatality rates for acute myocardial infarction was -2.3% (95% confidence interval, -4.6 to 0.0). For hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke, the age-/sex-standardized case-fatality rates were 21.8% and 5.9%, respectively in 2020; these rates decreased since 2008 (27.1 and 8.7%, respectively). The average annual percent change in age-/sex-standardized avoidable hospitalization rates ranged from -9.4% to -3.0%, with statistically significant changes between 2008 and 2020. In 2020, the avoidable hospitalization rates decreased considerably compared with the 2019 rate because of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. CONCLUSIONS The avoidable hospitalization rates and case-fatality rates decreased overall during the past decade, but they were relatively high compared with other countries. Strengthening primary care is an essential requirement to improve patient health outcomes in the rapidly aging Korean population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeong Geun Gwon
- Review and Assessment Research Division, Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service, Wonju, Korea
| | - Seung Jin Han
- Primary Care Improvement Division, Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service, Wonju, Korea
| | - Kyoung Hoon Kim
- International Policy Research Division, Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service, Wonju, Korea
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12
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Park KA, Jeon H, Choi DG, Jung JH, Shin HJ, Lee BJ, Moon Y, Lee SY, Lee DC, Cho SY, Kim SJ, Oh SY, Moon S, Oh SY, Choi DD, Choi MY, Kim WJ, Kim US, Lee HJ, Kim Y. Ocular motility disorders following coronavirus disease-19 vaccination. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2023; 261:1127-1139. [PMID: 36383278 PMCID: PMC9667443 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-022-05888-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe clinical manifestations and short-term prognosis of ocular motility disorders following coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. METHODS Ocular motility disorders were diagnosed by clinical assessment, high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging, and laboratory testing. Clinical manifestations, short-term prognosis, and rate of complete recovery were analyzed. RESULTS Sixty-three patients (37 males, 26 females) with a mean age of 61.6 ± 13.3 years (range, 22-81 years) were included in this study. Among 61 applicable patients with sufficient information regarding medical histories, 38 (62.3%) had one or more significant underlying past medical histories including vasculopathic risk factors. The interval between initial symptoms and vaccination was 8.6 ± 8.2 (range, 0-28) days. Forty-two (66.7%), 14 (22.2%), and 7 (11.1%) patients developed symptoms after the first, second, and third vaccinations, respectively. One case of internuclear ophthalmoplegia, 52 cases of cranial nerve palsy, two cases of myasthenia gravis, six cases of orbital diseases (such as myositis, thyroid eye disease, and IgG-related orbital myopathy), and two cases of comitant vertical strabismus with acute onset diplopia were found. Among 42 patients with follow-up data (duration: 62.1 ± 40.3 days), complete improvement, partial improvement, no improvement, and exacerbation were shown in 20, 15, 3, and 4 patients, respectively. CONCLUSION This study provided various clinical features of ocular motility disorders following COVID-19 vaccination. The majority of cases had a mild clinical course while some cases showed a progressive nature. Close follow-up and further studies are needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and long-term prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Ah Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeshin Jeon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Pusan National University Collage of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Busan, Korea
| | - Dong Gyu Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine Hallym University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Jae Ho Jung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Shin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Konkuk University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Joo Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeji Moon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se-Youp Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Dong Cheol Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Soon Young Cho
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seong-Joon Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sei Yeul Oh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sunghyuk Moon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Shin Yeop Oh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Daye Diana Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kim's Eye Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Young Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Won Jae Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ungsoo Samuel Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chung-Ang University, Gwangmyeong Hospital, Gwangmyeong, Korea
| | - Haeng-Jin Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jeonbuk National University College of Medicine, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Yikyung Kim
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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13
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You MA, Choi J, Son YJ. Associations of dual use of tobacco cigarettes and e-cigarettes, sleep duration, physical activity and depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older Korean adults. Nurs Open 2023; 10:4071-4082. [PMID: 36929137 PMCID: PMC10170944 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM There is limited evidence of the association between dual tobacco-e-cigarette use and health-related variables in Korea. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the associations between types of cigarette smoking, sleep duration, physical activity and depressive symptoms among Korean adults. DESIGN A cross-sectional study design using the 2019 Korean Community Health Survey. METHODS The study subjects consisted of 179,004 adults older than 40 years from a total of 229,099 individuals. Self-reported general characteristics, smoking history, sleep duration, physical activity and depressive symptoms were analysed. RESULTS In multinomial logistic regression, dual users of tobacco cigarettes and e-cigarettes were more likely to have sleep duration of less than 7 h per day and to report both mild and moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms than non-smokers. Single use of either cigarettes or e-cigarettes increased the risk of short sleep duration and moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Ae You
- Research Institute of Nursing Science, College of Nursing, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - JiYeon Choi
- Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, College of Nursing, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
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14
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Tran TPT, Han M, Luu NM, Oh JK. Alcoholic liver disease in relation to cancer incidence and mortality: Findings from a large, matched cohort study in South Korea. Cancer Med 2023; 12:8754-8766. [PMID: 36653955 PMCID: PMC10134281 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To estimate the risk of cancer incidence and mortality among patients with alcoholic liver disease in South Korea. METHODS A matched cohort study was conducted, including 1,042,185 men (alcoholic liver disease cases: 208,437; controls: 833,748) and 100,400 women (alcoholic liver disease cases: 20,080; controls: 80,320), matched for sex, age, smoking, alcohol consumption, and body mass index at a 1:4 ratio. The risk of cancer incidence and mortality in the alcoholic liver disease group was assessed using Cox proportional hazards regression models. RESULTS Both men and women with alcoholic liver disease had an elevated risk of all-cancer and liver cancer incidence and mortality in comparison with the control group. In men, alcoholic liver disease was associated with a significantly higher risk of development of 10 cancer types, including lip, oral cavity, and pharynx; esophagus; liver; gallbladder and biliary tract; pancreas; larynx; lung; kidney; thyroid gland; and leukemia. Subgroup analysis by hepatitis B and C infection showed increased hazard ratios of all cancer incidences and mortality in the alcoholic liver disease group, regardless of hepatitis B or C infection status. In both sexes, a higher number and more years of hospital or clinic visits for alcoholic liver disease were associated with an increased risk of incidence and mortality from all cancers and liver cancer. A more profound dose-response relationship between alcoholic liver disease and alcohol consumption was observed in women than in men. CONCLUSIONS Our findings emphasize the need for a clinical surveillance program and the early detection of cancer in patients with alcoholic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Phuong Thao Tran
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang-si, South Korea.,Center for Population Health Sciences, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Minji Han
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Ngoc Minh Luu
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang-si, South Korea.,Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Jin-Kyoung Oh
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang-si, South Korea.,Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea
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15
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Oh JK, Han M, Kim B, Park EY. Adherence to Cancer Prevention Guidelines and Cancer Incidence and Mortality: A Population-Based Cohort Study. Cancer Res Treat 2023; 55:15-27. [PMID: 35344651 PMCID: PMC9873327 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2021.1031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to estimate the risk of cancer incidence and mortality according to adherence to lifestyle-related cancer prevention guidelines. MATERIALS AND METHODS Men and women who participated in the general health screening program in 2002 and 2003 provided by the National Health Insurance Service were included (n=8,325,492). Self-reported smoking, alcohol consumption, and physical activity habits and directly measured body mass index were collected. The participants were followed up until the date of cancer onset or death or 31 December 2018. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to evaluate the hazard ratio (HR) for cancer incidence and mortality according to different combinations of lifestyle behaviors. RESULTS Only 6% of men and 15% of women engaged in healthy behavior at baseline, such as not smoking, not drinking alcohol, being moderately or highly physically active, and within a normal body mass index range. Compared to the best combination of healthy lifestyle behaviors, the weak and moderate associations with increased all cancer incidence (HR < 1.7) and mortality (HR < 2.5) were observed in those with heavy alcohol consumption and in former or current smokers. HRs of cancer mortality were significantly increased among current smokers in most combinations. CONCLUSION Compared to full adherence to cancer prevention recommendations, unhealthy behaviors increase cancer risk. As few people meet these recommendations, there is a great opportunity for cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Kyoung Oh
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center, Goyang,
Korea,Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang,
Korea
| | - Minji Han
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center, Goyang,
Korea
| | - Byungmi Kim
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center, Goyang,
Korea
| | - Eun Young Park
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center, Goyang,
Korea
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16
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Zhu B, Zhou J, Chen Y, Xu K, Wu Y, Wang Y, Wang N, Liu T, Fu C. Incidence rate, risk factors and behaviour changes for alcohol drinking: findings from a community-based cohort study in Southwest China. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e060914. [PMID: 36100302 PMCID: PMC9472170 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-060914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe changes in alcohol drinking behaviour, estimate the incidence rate of alcohol drinking and explore its risk factors in the Chinese community population. DESIGN A community population prospective cohort study. SETTING A total of 48 townships of 12 counties or districts in Guizhou province, China. PARTICIPANTS With the multistage proportional stratified cluster sampling method, a total of 7343 adult residents were enrolled into this study and eligible to be analysed. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES The incidence rate and its risk factor (adjusted HR (aHR) and 95% CIs) as well as the prevalence of alcohol drinking. RESULTS There was a little increase trend in the overall prevalence of alcohol drinking among 7343 subjects over an average of 7.22-year follow-up, and the prevalence in women increased by 2.5% statistically (p=0.001). Among 5005 non-drinkers in 7343 subjects at baseline, 1107 incident drinkers were identified, and the incidence rate of alcohol drinking was estimated at 30.63/1000 person-years with significant sex difference (57.46 vs 17.99 per 1000 person-years for men and women, respectively, p<0.001). The incidence rate decreased gradually with age, peaking in men aged 18-29 years old and women aged 30-39 years old at baseline. After the adjustment for covariates, being male (aHR=3.46, 95% CI: 3.02 to 3.96), being non-Han Chinese (aHR=1.65, 95% CI: 1.44 to 1.88), living in urban areas (aHR=3.50, 95% CI: 3.01 to 4.08), being employed (aHR=1.33, 95% CI: 1.16 to 1.52), smoking (aHR=1.17, 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.38) and having no history of chronic diseases (aHR=1.19, 95% CI: 1.04 to 1.35) were independent risk factors for incident drinkers. CONCLUSION The number of women increased in the prevalence of alcohol drinking significantly although there was no significant overall change for the cohort population in Southwest China. Also, there was a high risk of developing alcohol drinking among the study population, especially for those non-drinkers who were younger men, non-Han Chinese, living in urban areas, employed, current smokers or without any chronic diseases. Interventions to prevent and manage alcohol consumption should be designed and implemented in Chinese communities as soon as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Zhu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University School of Public Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Institute of Chronic Disease Control, Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yun Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University School of Public Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Kelin Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University School of Public Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanli Wu
- Institute of Chronic Disease Control, Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yiying Wang
- Institute of Chronic Disease Control, Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Na Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University School of Public Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Institute of Chronic Disease Control, Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Chaowei Fu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University School of Public Health, Shanghai, China
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17
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Oh JK, Park E, Kim B, Choi YJ, Yun EH, Lim MK, Im JS, Park EY. Awareness of and practice toward cancer prevention recommendations: results of the Korean National Cancer Prevention Awareness and Practice Survey in 2021. Epidemiol Health 2022; 44:e2022068. [PMID: 36049500 PMCID: PMC9943633 DOI: 10.4178/epih.e2022068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study reports data regarding the awareness and practice of cancer prevention among Koreans in 2021 and behavioral changes during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS We collected Cancer Prevention Awareness and Practice Survey data through face-to-face interview surveys using a structured questionnaire completed by 4,000 randomly selected men and women aged between 20 years and 74 years in 17 provinces. We examined the awareness and practice of 10 cancer prevention recommendations and evaluated their associations with potential risk factors through multiple logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, gender, residence, marital status, education, and income. RESULTS Eighty percent of participants knew that cancer is preventable, while 45% practiced cancer prevention. Cancer prevention practice tended to be more common among older participants (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.39 per 10-year increment; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.29 to 1.49) and less common among rural inhabitants (aOR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.51 to 0.86) than among urban residents and among single people (aOR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.45 to 0.66) than among married people. Practices were the highest for avoiding burned or charred foods (87.6%) and lowest for vaccination against human papillomavirus (14.5%). Refusal to follow recommendations was most common for avoiding alcohol consumption (7.9%). The most difficult recommendations to follow were (1) regular exercise (57.7%); (2) maintaining a healthy body weight (46.1%); and (3) avoiding alcohol (40.1%). The most significant COVID-19-related changes were less exercise (32.5%) and increased body weight (25.6%). CONCLUSIONS The awareness of cancer prevention was high, but the practice was low. Recommendations targeting awareness and practice need to be further promoted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Kyoung Oh
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea,Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Eunjung Park
- Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Byungmi Kim
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea,Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Yoon-Jung Choi
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea,Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - E Hwa Yun
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea,Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Min Kyung Lim
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea,Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jeong-Soo Im
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Eun Young Park
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea,Correspondence: Eun Young Park National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang 10408, Korea E-mail:
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18
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Luu MN, Han M, Bui TT, Tran PTT, Lim MK, Oh JK. Smoking trajectory and cancer risk: A population-based
cohort study. Tob Induc Dis 2022; 20:71. [PMID: 36118557 PMCID: PMC9413414 DOI: 10.18332/tid/152137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Smoking behavior can change with time and lead to different health outcomes. This study explored the trajectory of smoking and its relationship with cancer incidence and mortality among Korean male adults. METHODS We used 2002–2018 data from the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS). Smoking status was repeatedly measured in four waves of general health examinations provided by the NHIS between 2002 and 2009. Cancer incidence and mortality were tracked from 2010 to 2018. Trajectory analysis was used to identify the patterns of smoking. The hazard ratio was calculated using Cox proportional regression models. RESULTS For the 2448548 men (≥20 years), 137788 cases of cancers and 41146 cancer deaths were found. We identified six trajectory groups: never smokers, former smokers, new current smokers, decreasing light smokers, steady moderate smokers, and steady heavy smokers. All smoking groups had an increased risk of cancer. The steady heavy smokers showed higher cancer incidence and mortality rate than the steady non-smokers (hazard ratio, HR=1.53; 95% CI: 1.49–1.58 and HR=2.64; 95% CI: 2.50–2.79, respectively). The cancer-specific analysis showed that the larynx and lung cancer incidence and mortality rate of the smoking group were higher than in never smokers. CONCLUSIONS Smoking, even at low doses, increases the risk of most cancers in men. Quitting or reducing smoking, especially at a young age, can lower cancer incidence and mortality. This study may provide more objective results on the relationship between smoking and cancer, because smoking behavior was examined at multiple time points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh N. Luu
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
- Department of Research Methodology and Biostatistics, School of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Minji Han
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Tra T. Bui
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Phuong Thao T. Tran
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyung Lim
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin K. Oh
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
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19
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Association of Handgrip Strength with Diabetes Mellitus in Korean Adults According to Sex. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12081874. [PMID: 36010223 PMCID: PMC9406341 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12081874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is known to lead to many diseases such as cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney diseases. Therefore, it is essential to find diagnostic tools to prevent DM. This study aimed to find the association between handgrip strength and the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in Korean adults with respect to sex and menopause. A total of 26,536 participants (12,247 men, 6977 premenopausal women, and 7312 postmenopausal women) aged >19 years were recruited. The study population was divided into quartiles of relative handgrip strength. Logistic regression was used to analyse the association between relative handgrip strength and the prevalence of DM. Compared with the lowest quartile, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval (CI)) the prevalence of DM for the fourth quartile (Q4) was 0.57 (0.43−0.75) after adjusting for confounding factors in men; 0.33 (0.14−0.75), premenopausal women; and 0.82 (0.63−1.07), postmenopausal women. The prevalence of DM decreased as relative handgrip strength increased. This inverse association was more significant in men and premenopausal women than that in postmenopausal women.
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20
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Kim S, Byun G, Jo G, Park D, Cho SI, Oh H, Kim R, Subramanian SV, Yun S, Oh K, Lee JT, Shin MJ. Gender and tobacco epidemic in South Korea: implications from age-period-cohort analysis and the DPSEEA framework. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e058903. [PMID: 35414561 PMCID: PMC9006811 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To understand a 20-year trend of gender-specific smoking prevalence among adults in South Korea. DESIGN Age-period-cohort analysis using the intrinsic estimator method was applied to examine the separate contribution of age, period and cohort effect on smoking prevalence. The Driving Force-Pressure-State-Exposure-Effect-Action (DPSEEA) framework was used to explain the observed smoking trends by mapping potential determinants and to address policy implications. SETTING General adult population in South Korea. PARTICIPANTS 34 828 men and 43 632 women who aged 19-78 years, were not currently pregnant and were without a prior diagnosis of cardiovascular disease or cancer. OUTCOME MEASURES Gender-specific current smoking prevalence using the 1998-2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. RESULTS Our results showed gender-specific age and birth cohort effects. More specifically, the smoking prevalence peaked at their mid-20s (prevalence rate ratio (PRR): 1.54, 95% CI: 1.49 to 1.59) and cohort born in 1959-1963 (PRR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.57 to 1.70) and then decreased in men. On the other hand, in women, the smoking prevalence consistently increased until their mid-40s (PRR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.27 to 1.84) and in recent birth cohort groups (PRR in 1994-1998 cohort: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.13 to 2.13). The period effects declined from 1998-2002 to 2003-2007, following increasing fluctuations in both genders. The smoking-DPSEEA framework showed the absence of policy actions to target female smokers and emphasised a proactive approach that tackles the upstream causes for smoking in women. CONCLUSIONS Men and women are clearly in different phases of the smoking epidemic in Korean population, and gender-tailored policies should be implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sera Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Garam Byun
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Garam Jo
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Department for Chronic Disease Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahyun Park
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Il Cho
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hannah Oh
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- School of Health Policy and Management, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Rockli Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- School of Health Policy and Management, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S V Subramanian
- Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Sungha Yun
- Division of Health and Nutrition Survey and Analysis, Bureau of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungwon Oh
- Division of Health and Nutrition Survey and Analysis, Bureau of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Tae Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- School of Health Policy and Management, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jeong Shin
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- School of Biosystems and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee SB, Kwon YJ, Jung DH, Kim JK. Association of Muscle Strength with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Korean Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031675. [PMID: 35162699 PMCID: PMC8834805 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is known to be associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, few studies have revealed the association between muscle strength and prevalence of NAFLD. We investigated the association by using relative handgrip strength in a nationwide cross-sectional survey. The participants were recruited from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES). A total of 27,531 subjects from the KNHANES were selected in our study. We used normalized handgrip strength, which is called relative handgrip strength. The index was defined as handgrip strength divided by BMI. These subjects were divided into quartile groups according to relative handgrip strength. NAFLD was defined as hepatic steatosis index >36. Multinomial logistic regression was analysed to investigate the association between relative handgrip strength with prevalence of NAFLD. The mean age of study population was 45.8 ± 0.3 in men, and 48.3 ± 0.2 in women. The proportion of males was 37.5%. In multiple linear regression, relative handgrip strength was inversely associated with HSI index (Standardized β = −0.70; standard error (SE), 0.08; p < 0.001 in men, Standardized β = −0.94; standard error (SE), 0.07; p < 0.001 in women). According to the logistic regression model, the prevalence of NAFLD decreased with quartile 4 groups in relative handgrip strength, compared with quartile 1 groups (OR 0.42 [0.32–0.55] in men; OR 0.30 [0.22–0.40] in women). Relative handgrip strength, used as a biomarker of sarcopenia, is independently inversely associated with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Bum Lee
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Korea;
| | - Yu-Jin Kwon
- Department of Family Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin 16995, Korea; (Y.-J.K.); (D.-H.J.)
| | - Dong-Hyuk Jung
- Department of Family Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin 16995, Korea; (Y.-J.K.); (D.-H.J.)
| | - Jong-Koo Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Korea
- Research Group for Global Health and Medical Technology Development, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Korea
- Correspondence:
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