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Mousavi H, Rimaz M, Zeynizadeh B. Practical Three-Component Regioselective Synthesis of Drug-Like 3-Aryl(or heteroaryl)-5,6-dihydrobenzo[ h]cinnolines as Potential Non-Covalent Multi-Targeting Inhibitors To Combat Neurodegenerative Diseases. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:1828-1881. [PMID: 38647433 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.4c00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are one of the prominent health challenges facing contemporary society, and many efforts have been made to overcome and (or) control it. In this research paper, we described a practical one-pot two-step three-component reaction between 3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one (1), aryl(or heteroaryl)glyoxal monohydrates (2a-h), and hydrazine monohydrate (NH2NH2•H2O) for the regioselective preparation of some 3-aryl(or heteroaryl)-5,6-dihydrobenzo[h]cinnoline derivatives (3a-h). After synthesis and characterization of the mentioned cinnolines (3a-h), the in silico multi-targeting inhibitory properties of these heterocyclic scaffolds have been investigated upon various Homo sapiens-type enzymes, including hMAO-A, hMAO-B, hAChE, hBChE, hBACE-1, hBACE-2, hNQO-1, hNQO-2, hnNOS, hiNOS, hPARP-1, hPARP-2, hLRRK-2(G2019S), hGSK-3β, hp38α MAPK, hJNK-3, hOGA, hNMDA receptor, hnSMase-2, hIDO-1, hCOMT, hLIMK-1, hLIMK-2, hRIPK-1, hUCH-L1, hPARK-7, and hDHODH, which have confirmed their functions and roles in the neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), based on molecular docking studies, and the obtained results were compared with a wide range of approved drugs and well-known (with IC50, EC50, etc.) compounds. In addition, in silico ADMET prediction analysis was performed to examine the prospective drug properties of the synthesized heterocyclic compounds (3a-h). The obtained results from the molecular docking studies and ADMET-related data demonstrated that these series of 3-aryl(or heteroaryl)-5,6-dihydrobenzo[h]cinnolines (3a-h), especially hit ones, can really be turned into the potent core of new drugs for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), and/or due to the having some reactionable locations, they are able to have further organic reactions (such as cross-coupling reactions), and expansion of these compounds (for example, with using other types of aryl(or heteroaryl)glyoxal monohydrates) makes a new avenue for designing novel and efficient drugs for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Mousavi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Urmia University, Urmia 5756151818, Iran
| | - Mehdi Rimaz
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, P.O. Box 19395-3697, Tehran 19395-3697, Iran
| | - Behzad Zeynizadeh
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Urmia University, Urmia 5756151818, Iran
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Mohmad Saberi SE, Chua LS. Potential of rosmarinic acid from Orthosiphon aristatus extract for inflammatory induced diseases and its mechanisms of action. Life Sci 2023; 333:122170. [PMID: 37827234 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Orthosiphon aristatus has been traditionally used as a medicinal herb for various illnesses in Southeast Asia and Europe. The most dominant bioactive compound of the herb is rosmarinic acid (RosA) which has been demonstrated for its remarkable anti-inflammatory properties. This review describes the recent progress of studies on multi-target molecular pathways of RosA in relation to targeted inflammatory-associated diseases. An inclusive literature search was conducted using electronic databases such as Google Scholar, Scopus, Springer Link, PubMed, Medline, Wiley and Science Direct for studies reporting on the anti-inflammatory actions of RosA from 2008 until 2023. The keywords of the search were RosA and anti-inflammatory in relation to hepatoprotective, chondroprotective, cardioprotective, neuroprotective and toxicity. Only publications that are written in English are included in this review. The inhibition and deactivation of pro-inflammatory biomolecules by RosA were explained based on the initial inflammation stimuli and their location in the body. The activation of Nrf2/HO-1 expression to inhibit NF-κB pathway is the key mechanism for hepatoprotection. Besides NF-κB inhibition, RosA activates PPARγ to alleviate ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced myocardial injury for cardioprotection. The regulation of MAPK and T-cell activation is important for chondroprotection, whereas the anti-oxidant property of RosA is the main contributor of neuroprotection. Even though less studies on the anti-inflammation of RosA extracts from O. aristatus, but the effective pharmacological properties of RosA has promoted it as a natural potent lead for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salfarina Ezrina Mohmad Saberi
- Herbal and Phytochemical Unit, Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Lee Suan Chua
- Herbal and Phytochemical Unit, Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Department of Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
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Huang L, Wu W, Huang L, Zhong J, Chen L, Wang M, Chen H. Antarctic krill ( Euphausia superba) oil modulatory effects on ethanol-induced acute injury of the gastric mucosa in rats. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1003627. [PMID: 36185650 PMCID: PMC9525105 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1003627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Antarctic krill oil (KO) prepared using supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and characterized using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to investigate its preventive effect on ethanol-induced gastric tissue damage in a rat model in vivo. KO characterization showed that 74.96% of the unsaturated fatty acids consist of oleic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Rats pre-treated with KO (100, 200, and 500 mg/kg) showed mitigated oxidative stress through enhanced antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reducing enzymes malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in gastric mucosal injury induced by ethanol. Additionally, the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β), the expression of the IκBα/NF-κB signaling pathway, and nitric oxide (NO) production was suppressed. The results also demonstrated a significant decrease in histological injury and hemorrhage scores in a dose-dependent manner in the KO range. Therefore, KO has potential as a food supplement to alleviate ethanol-induced acute gastric mucosal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luqiang Huang
- College of Life Science, Southern Institute of Oceanography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- The Public Service Platform for Industrialization Development Technology of Marine Biological Medicine and Product of State Oceanic Administration, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- Marine Active Substance and Product Technology Research and Development Center of Ocean Research Institute of Fuzhou, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wenxin Wu
- College of Life Science, Southern Institute of Oceanography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Linshan Huang
- College of Life Science, Southern Institute of Oceanography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiaze Zhong
- College of Life Science, Southern Institute of Oceanography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lei Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Meiying Wang
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Huibin Chen
- College of Life Science, Southern Institute of Oceanography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- The Public Service Platform for Industrialization Development Technology of Marine Biological Medicine and Product of State Oceanic Administration, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
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Uchiyama A, Kosaka K, Okada K, Motegi SI. Possible suppressive effects of tranilast on NLRP3 inflammasome activation in necrobiosis lipoidica. J Dermatol 2022; 49:e433-e434. [PMID: 35848097 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.16521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Uchiyama
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Keiji Kosaka
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan.,Kiryu Kosei General Hospital, Kiryu, Gunma, Japan
| | | | - Sei-Ichiro Motegi
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
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Xu C, Huang XP, Guan JF, Chen ZM, Ma YC, Xie DZ, Ning LJ, Li YY. Effects of dietary leucine and valine levels on growth performance, glycolipid metabolism and immune response in Tilapia GIFT Oreochromis niloticus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 121:395-403. [PMID: 35065275 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
An 8-week feeding trial was performed to evaluate the effects of dietary leucine (Leu) and valine (Val) levels on growth performance, glycolipid metabolism and immune response in Oreochromis niloticus. Fish (15.23 ± 0.05 g) were randomly fed four diets containing two Leu levels (1.2% and 2.3%) and two Val levels (0.7% and 1.4%) as a 2 × 2 experimental design (LL-LV, LL-HV, HL-LV and HL-HV). Compared with LL-LV group, the growth parameters (final weight, daily growth coefficient (DGC) and growth rate per metabolic body weight (GRMBW)), feed conversion rate (FCR), the activities of intestinal amylase, lipase, creatine kinase (CK) and Na+, K+-ATPase, liver NAD+/NADH ratio, as well as the expression of SIRT1, GK, PK, FBPase, PPARα, CPT IA, ACO and IL10 all increased significantly in the HL-LV group; however, in the high Val group, final weight, DGC, GRMBW, intestinal enzyme activities, as well as the expression of PEPCK, SREBP1, FAS, IL8 and IL10 of the HL-HV group were significantly lower than those of the LL-HV group, while the opposite was true for the remaining indicators. Significant interactions between dietary Leu and Val were observed in final weight, DGC, GRMBW, plasma IL1β and IL6 levels, intestinal amylase and CK activities, liver NAD+/NADH ratio, as well as the expression of SIRT1, PK, PEPCK, FBPase, SREBP1, FAS, PPARα, CPT IA, ACO, NF-κB1, IL1β, IL6 and IL10. The highest values of growth parameters, intestinal enzyme activities and expression of SIRT1, FBPase, PPARα, CPT IA and ACO were observed in the HL-LV group, while the opposite was true for the expression of SREBP1, FAS, PPARα, NF-κB1, IL1β and IL6. Overall, our findings indicated that dietary Leu and Val can effect interactively, and fish fed with diets containing 2.3% Leu with 0.7% Val had the best growth performance and hepatic health status of O. niloticus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xu
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, No.483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Huang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, No.483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jun-Feng Guan
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, No.483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ze-Min Chen
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, No.483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yong-Cai Ma
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, No.483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Di-Zhi Xie
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, No.483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Li-Jun Ning
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, No.483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yuan-You Li
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, No.483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Winiarska-Mieczan A, Tomaszewska E, Jachimowicz K. Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Immunomodulatory Properties of Tea-The Positive Impact of Tea Consumption on Patients with Autoimmune Diabetes. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113972. [PMID: 34836227 PMCID: PMC8625657 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The physiological markers of autoimmune diabetes include functional disorders of the antioxidative system as well as progressing inflammation and the presence of autoantibodies. Even though people with type 1 diabetes show genetic predispositions facilitating the onset of the disease, it is believed that dietary factors can stimulate the initiation and progression of the disease. This paper analyses the possibility of using tea as an element of diet therapy in the treatment of type 1 diabetes. Based on information available in literature covering the last 10 years, the impact of regular tea consumption or diet supplements containing tea polyphenols on the oxidative status as well as inflammatory and autoimmune response of the organism was analyzed. Studies conducted on laboratory animals, human patients, and in vitro revealed positive effects of the consumption of tea or polyphenols isolated therefrom on the diabetic body. Few reports available in the literature pertain to the impact of tea on organisms affected by type 1 diabetes as most (over 85%) have focused on cases of type 2 diabetes. It has been concluded that by introducing tea into the diet, it is possible to alleviate some of the consequences of oxidative stress and inflammation, thus limiting their destructive impact on the patients' organisms, consequently improving their quality of life, regardless of the type of diabetes. Furthermore, elimination of inflammation should reduce the incidence of immune response. One should consider more widespread promotion of tea consumption by individuals genetically predisposed to diabetes, especially considering the drink's low price, easy availability, overall benefits to human health, and above all, the fact that it can be safely used over extended periods of time, regardless of the patient's age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Winiarska-Mieczan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Bromatology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka St. 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland;
- Correspondence: (A.W.-M.); (E.T.); Tel.: +48-81-445-67-44 (A.W.-M.); +48-81-445-69-63 (E.T.)
| | - Ewa Tomaszewska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka St. 12, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.W.-M.); (E.T.); Tel.: +48-81-445-67-44 (A.W.-M.); +48-81-445-69-63 (E.T.)
| | - Karolina Jachimowicz
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Bromatology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka St. 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland;
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Arias F, Franco-Montalban F, Romero M, Carrión MD, Camacho ME. Synthesis, bioevaluation and docking studies of new imidamide derivatives as nitric oxide synthase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 44:116294. [PMID: 34218000 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In search of new Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS) inhibitor agents, two isosteric series of derivatives with an imidamide scaffold (one of them with a hydroxyl group and the other with a carbonyl one) were synthesized and evaluated on inducible (iNOS) and neuronal (nNOS) isoforms. These compounds have been designed by combining a kynurenamine framework with an amidine moiety in order to improve selectivity for the inducible isoform. In general, the in vitro inhibitory assays exhibited better inhibition values on the iNOS isoform, being the N-(3-(2-amino-5-methoxyphenyl)-3-hydroxypropyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzimidamide 4i the most active inhibitor with the highest iNOS selectivity, without inhibiting eNOS. Docking studies on the two most active compounds suggest a different binding mode on both isozymes, supporting the experimentally observed selectivity towards the inducible isoform. Physicochemical in silico studies suggest that these compounds possess good drug-likeness properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Arias
- Departamento de Química Farmacéutica y Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Spain
| | | | - Miguel Romero
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
| | - M Dora Carrión
- Departamento de Química Farmacéutica y Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Spain.
| | - M Encarnación Camacho
- Departamento de Química Farmacéutica y Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Spain.
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Colakoglu F, Selcuk ML. The Embryotoxic Effects of in Ovo Administered Sunset Yellow FCF in Chick Embryos. Vet Sci 2021; 8:vetsci8020031. [PMID: 33670635 PMCID: PMC7923172 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8020031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sunset yellow (SY) at prescribed concentrations has been approved by regulatory authorities in several countries as an additive dye in the food, beverage, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. However, there are some reports that it may cause several health problems. The aim of this study is to evaluate embryotoxic effects of SY on liver and kidney in chick embryos. Babcock white Leghorn eggs were randomly divided into four groups. Non-treated eggs served as control group. The eggs in groups SY200, SY1000, and SY2000 were treated with a single injection of 200, 1000, and 2000 ng SY into the air sac just before incubation. The developmental stages of embryos were determined on the 10th, 13th, 16th, and 21st days of incubation. Samples of the liver and kidney were taken and routine histological procedures were performed. The highest relative embryo weight was seen in all SY treated groups on the 16th day of incubation. Necrosis of some hepatocytes and cytoplasmic degenerations were observed in all SY groups in the liver. There were degenerated or destructed renal cortex structures and necrosis in the kidney. The cell’s nuclear areas and diameters of renal cortex structures were different in all SY groups compared to the control group (p < 0.05). It was concluded that in ovo administered SY has many unfavorable effects on liver and kidney in chick embryos. The results obtained in this study suggest that it may be advisable to re-assess safety levels of SY in many industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Colakoglu
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, 70100 Karaman, Turkey
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +90-338-2264255
| | - Muhammet Lutfi Selcuk
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, 70100 Karaman, Turkey;
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Zhang C, Peng SY, Hong S, Chen QW, Zeng X, Rong L, Zhong ZL, Zhang XZ. Biomimetic carbon monoxide nanogenerator ameliorates streptozotocin induced type 1 diabetes in mice. Biomaterials 2020; 245:119986. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.119986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Hu Y, Wei M, Niu Q, Ma R, Li Y, Wang X, Feng G, Li S, Pang L. Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract alleviates arsenic-induced lung damage through NF-κB signaling. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2020; 244:213-226. [PMID: 30869553 DOI: 10.1177/1535370219829881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT Arsenic-induced respiratory inflammatory damage is an important occupational hazard in many areas of the world, particularly in underdeveloped and developing countries. Effective treatments are lacking and expensive. Therefore, the aim of the study was to examine the anti-inflammatory effects of proanthocyanidin (PC) and the molecular mechanisms in vivo and in vitro. The present study showed that PC extracted from grape seed could attenuate the lung damage in a mouse model of arsenic poisoning. The effects were observed at the level of lung histology and inflammasome expression. This study suggests that a natural compound is effective in mitigating the toxic effects of arsenic in the lungs, providing an inexpensive and more readily accessible method for treating arsenic exposure in some parts of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhua Hu
- 1 Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Meng Wei
- 1 Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832003, China.,2 Department of Outpatient, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang 830054, China
| | - Qiang Niu
- 1 Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Rulin Ma
- 1 Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Yu Li
- 1 Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Xianhua Wang
- 3 Department of Quality Control of Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Changji, Xinjiang 831100, China
| | - Gangling Feng
- 1 Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Shugang Li
- 1 Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Lijuan Pang
- 1 Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832003, China
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Saghahazrati S, Ayatollahi SA, Kobarfard F, Minaii Zang B. Attenuation of inflammation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rabbits by Matricaria chamomilla oil: A focus on targeting NF-κB and NLRP3 signaling pathways. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2020; 12:73-78. [PMID: 36117563 PMCID: PMC9476470 DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The present study was conducted to investigate the protective effects of chamomile oil from Matricaria chamomilla against type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and its potential mechanisms. Methods T1DM was established in male New Zealand white rabbits via a single intraperitoneal infusion of streptozotocin (STZ) (80 mg/kg body weight−1, dissolved in 0.2 mL of normal saline). Different doses of chamomile oil (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) were orally administrated to STZ induced diabetic rabbits for 21 consecutive days. The expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines was determined using ELISA assay. The expression of NF-κB and NLRP3 was measured using Western blot assay. Results Compared with normal rabbits, STZ-induced diabetic rabbits exhibited significant increased levels of blood glucose and decreased levels of serum insulin that were reversed using middle and high tested dose of chamomile oil. Likewise, STZ-induced diabetic rabbits showed a significant increased expression of NF-κB and NLRP3 proteins in the pancreas tissue that was reversed by high tested dose of chamomile oil. Conclusion Collectively, our findings demonstrated that chamomile oil possesses anti-hyperglycemic, and anti-inflammatory activities in STZ-induced diabetic rabbits by targeting inflammatory cytokines and NF-κB and NLRP3 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Saghahazrati
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 19839-63113, Iran
| | - Seyed Abdulmajid Ayatollahi
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 19839-63113, Iran
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 19839-63113, Iran
- Department of Chemistry, Richardson College for Environmental Science Complex, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg R3C1X6, Canada
- Corresponding author.
| | - Farzad Kobarfard
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 19839-63113, Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Shaheed Beheshti School of Pharmacy, Tehran 19839-63113, Iran
| | - Bagher Minaii Zang
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran
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Minhas R, Bansal Y, Bansal G. Inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitors: A comprehensive update. Med Res Rev 2019; 40:823-855. [PMID: 31502681 DOI: 10.1002/med.21636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which is expressed in response to bacterial/proinflammatory stimuli, generates nitric oxide (NO) that provides cytoprotection. Overexpression of iNOS increases the levels of NO, and this increased NO level is implicated in pathophysiology of complex multifactorial diseases like Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. Selective inhibition of iNOS is an effective approach in treatment of such complex diseases. l-Arginine, being a substrate for iNOS, is the natural lead to develop iNOS inhibitors. More than 200 research reports on development of nitric oxide synthase inhibitors by different research groups across the globe have appeared in literature so far. The first review on iNOS, in 2002, discussed the iNOS inhibitors under two classes that is, amino acid and non-amino acid derivatives. Other review articles discussing specific chemical classes of iNOS inhibitors also appeared during last decade. In the present review, all reports on both natural and synthetic iNOS inhibitors, published 2002 onwards, are studied, classified, and discussed to provide comprehensive information on iNOS inhibitors. The synthetic inhibitors are broadly classified into two categories that is, arginine and non-arginine analogs. The latter are further classified into amidines, five- or six-membered heterocyclics, fused cyclics, steroidal type, and chalcones analogs. Structures of the most/significantly potent compounds from each report are provided to know the functional groups important for incurring iNOS inhibitory activity and selectivity. This review is aimed to provide a comprehensive view to the medicinal chemists for rational designing of novel and potent iNOS inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Minhas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Yogita Bansal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Gulshan Bansal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
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Shakya S, He Y, Ren X, Guo T, Maharjan A, Luo T, Wang T, Dhakhwa R, Regmi B, Li H, Gref R, Zhang J. Ultrafine Silver Nanoparticles Embedded in Cyclodextrin Metal-Organic Frameworks with GRGDS Functionalization to Promote Antibacterial and Wound Healing Application. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1901065. [PMID: 31069948 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201901065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The challenge of bacterial infection increases the risk of mortality and morbidity in acute and chronic wound healing. Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) are a promising new version of conventional antibacterial nanosystem to fight against the bacterial resistance in concern of the drug discovery void. However, there are several challenges in controlling the size and colloidal stability of Ag NPs, which readily aggregate or coalesce in both solid and aqueous state. In this study, a template-guided synthesis of ultrafine Ag NPs of around 2 nm using water-soluble and biocompatible γ-cyclodextrin metal-organic frameworks (CD-MOFs) is reported. The CD-MOF based synthetic strategy integrates AgNO3 reduction and Ag NPs immobilization in one pot achieving dual functions of reduced particle size and enhanced stability. Meanwhile, the synthesized Ag NPs are easily dispersible in aqueous media and exhibit effective bacterial inhibition. The surface modification of cross-linked CD-MOF particles with GRGDS peptide boosts the hemostatic effect that further enhances wound healing in synergy with the antibacterial effect. Hence, the strategy of ultrafine Ag NPs synthesis and immobilization in CD-MOFs together with GRGDS modification holds promising potential for the rational design of effective wound healing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailendra Shakya
- Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yaping He
- Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaohong Ren
- Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Tao Guo
- Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Abi Maharjan
- Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ting Luo
- Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Research Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130061, China
| | - Ramesh Dhakhwa
- Kathmandu Medical College, Kathmandu University, Kathmandu, 44600, Nepal
| | - Balmukunda Regmi
- Maharajgung Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, 44606, Nepal
| | - Haiyan Li
- Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ruxandra Gref
- Institut de Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, UMR CNRS 8214, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Jiwen Zhang
- Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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15
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Campisano S, Bertran E, Caballero-Díaz D, La Colla A, Fabregat I, Chisari AN. Paradoxical role of the NADPH oxidase NOX4 in early preneoplastic stages of hepatocytes induced by amino acid deprivation. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2019; 1863:714-722. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2019.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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16
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Mi W, Xia Y, Bian Y. The influence of ICAM1 rs5498 on diabetes mellitus risk: evidence from a meta-analysis. Inflamm Res 2019; 68:275-284. [PMID: 30798334 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-019-01220-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Both type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are classified as forms of diabetes mellitus (DM) and commonly considered inflammatory process. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is involved in the development and progression of diabetes mellitus. However, the genetic association between ICAM-1 rs5498, and T1D and T2D risk was inconclusive. MATERIALS AND METHODS A meta-analysis by searching the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases was performed out. The pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to describe the strength of association of T1D and T2D risk. RESULTS A total of 14 studies encompassing 3233 cases and 2884 controls were included in the present meta-analysis. Significant associations were found between the allele and recessive models of ICAM1 rs5498 and DM in Asian population (allele: OR 1.13; 95% CI 1.03-1.23, p = 0.008; recessive: OR 1.25; 95% CI 1.06-1.48, p = 0.008), but not in Caucasian population (p > 0.05). In addition, the allele model of rs5498 was found to be significantly associated with the increased risk of T2D (OR 1.10; 95% CI 1.01-1.21, p = 0.03), but not T1D (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The ICAM1 rs5498 might be a susceptible factor for T2D, but not T1D. And the allele and recessive models of ICAM1 rs5498 might be a risk factor in Asian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wensheng Mi
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, People's Republic of China
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Institute of Neuroscience, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Xia
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Institute of Neuroscience, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yanhui Bian
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, People's Republic of China
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Institute of Neuroscience, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, People's Republic of China
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17
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Khayyat LI, Essawy AE, Sorour JM, Soffar A. Sunset Yellow and Allura Red modulate Bcl2 and COX2 expression levels and confer oxidative stress-mediated renal and hepatic toxicity in male rats. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5689. [PMID: 30280050 PMCID: PMC6166620 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies on the adverse health effects caused by azo dyes are insufficient and quite contradictory. This work aims to investigate the possible toxic effect of two types of widely used food additives, Sunset Yellow and Allura Red, by assessing the physiological, histopathological and ultrastructural changes in the liver and kidney. Also, we investigated the genotoxic effect of both dyes on white blood cells. Thirty adult male albino rats were divided into three groups of 10 animals each: control (received water), Sunset Yellow-treated (2.5 mg/kg body weight) and Allura Red-treated (seven mg/kg body weight). The doses were orally applied for 4 weeks. Our results indicated an increase in the biochemical markers of hepatic and renal function (Aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, urea, uric acid and creatinine) in animals administered with the azo dyes. We also observed a noticeable increase in MDA and a marked decrease in total antioxidant levels in azo dye-treated animals compared to controls. Conversely, both dyes adversely affected the liver and kidney of albino rats and altered their histological and fine structure, with downregulation of Bcl2 and upregulation of COX2 expression. Our comet assay results showed a significant elevation in the fold change of tail moment in response to application of Sunset Yellow but not Allura Red. Collectively, we show that Sunset Yellow and Allura Red cause histopathological and physiological aberrations in the liver and kidney of male Wistar albino rats. Moreover, Sunset Yellow but not Allura Red induces a potential genotoxic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latifa I Khayyat
- Biology Department, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amina E Essawy
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Jehan M Sorour
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Soffar
- Division of Molecular Biology, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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18
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Rajabi M, Mohaddes G, Farajdokht F, Nayebi Rad S, Mesgari M, Babri S. Impact of loganin on pro-inflammatory cytokines and depression- and anxiety-like behaviors in male diabetic rats. Physiol Int 2018; 105:199-209. [PMID: 29855187 DOI: 10.1556/2060.105.2018.1.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Behavioral disturbances are observed in most patients suffering from diabetes. According to some evidence, pro-inflammatory cytokines have a key role both in diabetes and behavioral disorders, such as anxiety and depression. In this study, the effect of chronic administration of loganin, as a bioflavonoid, was investigated on pro-inflammatory cytokines and depression- and anxiety-like behaviors in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in male Wistar rats. Blood levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Depression- and anxiety-like behaviors were evaluated by forced swimming test (FST), elevated plus maze (EPM), and open field test (OFT), respectively. Body weight was also measured before the interventions and after the experiments in all groups. Our findings show that loganin-treated animals had significantly lower serum concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-α compared with the diabetic group. In the EPM test, loganin treatment significantly increased the percentage of the open arm time and open arm entries. Moreover, loganin treatment significantly decreased the grooming time and restored distance traveled and center crossing in the OFT. However, it decreased immobility time in the FST. Loganin treatment also significantly restored body weight gain and attenuated blood glucose changes in the diabetic rats. These results indicate that loganin possibly alleviates depression- and anxiety-like behaviors associated with diabetes through lowering the blood glucose and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. More research is required to show the exact mechanism of antidepressant and anxiolytic effects of loganin in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rajabi
- 1 Neuroscience Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz, Iran
| | - G Mohaddes
- 1 Neuroscience Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz, Iran
| | - F Farajdokht
- 1 Neuroscience Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz, Iran
| | - S Nayebi Rad
- 2 Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - M Mesgari
- 3 Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz, Iran
| | - S Babri
- 1 Neuroscience Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz, Iran
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19
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Rajabi M, Mohaddes G, Farajdokht F, Nayebi Rad S, Mesgari M, Babri S. Impact of loganin on pro-inflammatory cytokines and depression- and anxiety-like behaviors in male diabetic rats. Physiol Int 2018; 105:116-126. [DOI: 10.1556/2060.105.2018.2.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Behavioral disturbances are observed in most patients suffering from diabetes. According to some evidence, pro-inflammatory cytokines have a key role both in diabetes and behavioral disorders, such as anxiety and depression. In this study, the effect of chronic administration of loganin, as a bioflavonoid, was investigated on pro-inflammatory cytokines and depression- and anxiety-like behaviors in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in male Wistar rats. Blood levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Depression- and anxiety-like behaviors were evaluated by forced swimming test (FST), elevated plus maze (EPM), and open field test (OFT), respectively. Body weight was also measured before the interventions and after the experiments in all groups. Our findings show that loganin-treated animals had significantly lower serum concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-α compared with the diabetic group. In the EPM test, loganin treatment significantly increased the percentage of the open arm time and open arm entries. Moreover, loganin treatment significantly decreased the grooming time and restored distance traveled and center crossing in the OFT. However, it decreased immobility time in the FST. Loganin treatment also significantly restored body weight gain and attenuated blood glucose changes in the diabetic rats. These results indicate that loganin possibly alleviates depression- and anxiety-like behaviors associated with diabetes through lowering the blood glucose and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. More research is required to show the exact mechanism of antidepressant and anxiolytic effects of loganin in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rajabi
- 1 Neuroscience Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - G Mohaddes
- 1 Neuroscience Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - F Farajdokht
- 1 Neuroscience Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - S Nayebi Rad
- 2 Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Mesgari
- 3 Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - S Babri
- 1 Neuroscience Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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20
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Mendes-Braz M, Martins JO. Diabetes Mellitus and Liver Surgery: The Effect of Diabetes on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:2456579. [PMID: 29853784 PMCID: PMC5964489 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2456579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycaemia and high morbidity worldwide. The detrimental effects of hyperglycaemia include an increase in the oxidative stress (OS) response and an enhanced inflammatory response. DM compromises the ability of the liver to regenerate and is particularly associated with poor prognosis after ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Considering the growing need for knowledge of the impact of DM on the liver following a surgical procedure, this review aims to present recent publications addressing the effects of DM (hyperglycaemia) on OS and the inflammatory process, which play an essential role in I/R injury and impaired hepatic regeneration after liver surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Mendes-Braz
- Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of University Sao Paulo (FCF/USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Joilson O. Martins
- Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of University Sao Paulo (FCF/USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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21
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Chandirasegaran G, Elanchezhiyan C, Ghosh K, Sethupathy S. Berberine chloride ameliorates oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in the pancreas of Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:175-185. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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22
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Ogunyinka BI, Oyinloye BE, Osunsanmi FO, Opoku AR, Kappo AP. Protective Effects of Parkia biglobosa Protein Isolate on Streptozotocin-Induced Hepatic Damage and Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Male Rats. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22101654. [PMID: 28974040 PMCID: PMC6151535 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22101654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study sought to investigate the possible protective role of Parkia biglobosa seed protein isolate (PBPi) against streptozotocin-induced hepatic damage and oxidative stress in diabetic male rats. Prior to animal experiments, a HPLC fingerprint of PBPi was recorded. Diabetes was induced in rats by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ; 60 mg/kg body weight). Diabetic rats were orally treated daily with PBPi (200 or 400 mg/kg body weight) or insulin (5 U/kg, i.p.) for 28 days. The degree of protection was evaluated using biochemical parameters such as malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, serum transaminases (ALT and AST), total protein, total glutathione (Total GSH), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) activities. Histology of liver sections was also performed. The HPLC fingerprint of PBPi revealed eleven distinct peaks; PBPi at tested doses significantly attenuates STZ-induced elevated levels of serum IL-6, ALT and AST; and hepatic TBARS levels. Hepatic antioxidants (Total GSH, GST, SOD, CAT) as well as total protein were markedly restored in a dose-dependent manner. Histopathological results strongly support the protective role of PBPi. These results suggest PBPi could confer protection by ameliorating hepatic damage and oxidative stress caused by STZ in animal model possibly via its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolajoko Idiat Ogunyinka
- Biotechnology and Structural Biology (BSB) Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa.
| | - Babatunji Emmanuel Oyinloye
- Biotechnology and Structural Biology (BSB) Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa.
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, Afe Babalola University, PMB 5454, Ado-Ekiti 360001, Nigeria.
| | - Foluso Oluwagbemiga Osunsanmi
- Biotechnology and Structural Biology (BSB) Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa.
| | - Andrew Rowland Opoku
- Biotechnology and Structural Biology (BSB) Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa.
| | - Abidemi Paul Kappo
- Biotechnology and Structural Biology (BSB) Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa.
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23
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Hussein J, El-Bana M, Refaat E, El-Naggar ME. Synthesis of carvacrol-based nanoemulsion for treating neurodegenerative disorders in experimental diabetes. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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24
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Elattar S, Estaphan S, Mohamed EA, Elzainy A, Naguib M. The protective effect of 1alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin d3 and metformin on liver in type 2 diabetic rats. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2017; 173:235-244. [PMID: 27876536 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
There is an accumulating evidence suggesting an immunomodulatory role of 1α,25(OH)2D3. Altered 1α,25(OH)2D3 level may play a role in the development of T2DM and contribute to the pathogenesis of liver diseases. Our study was designed to study and compare the effect of metformin and 1α,25(OH)2D3 supplementation on liver injury in type 2 diabetic rat. Sixty male Albino rats were divided into 5 groups; group 1: control rats. the remaining rats were fed high fat diet for 2 weeks and injected with streptozotocin (35mg/kg BW, i.p.) to induce T2DM and were divided into: group 2: untreated diabetic rats, group 3: diabetic rats treated by metformin (100mg/kgBW/d, orally), group 4: diabetic rats supplemented by 1α,25(OH)2D3 (0.5μg/kg BW, i.p.) 3 times weekly and group 5: supplemented by both 1α,25(OH)2D3 and metformin. Eight weeks later, serum glucose and insulin levels were measured, HOMA IR was calculated, lipid profile, Ca2+, ALT and AST were estimated. Liver specimens were taken to investigate PPAR-α (regulator of lipid metabolism), NF-κB p65, caspase 3 and PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) and for histological examination. The liver enzymes were elevated in the diabetic rats and the histological results revealed an injurious effect of diabetes on the liver. 1α,25(OH)2D3, metformin and both drugs treatment significantly improved liver enzymes as compared to the untreated rats. The improvement was associated with a significant improvement in the glycemic control, lipid profile and serum Ca2+ with a significant reduction in NF-κB p65 and caspase 3 and increased PPAR-α, and PCNA expression as compared to the untreated group. 1α,25(OH)2D3 induced a slightly better effect as compared to metformin. Both agents together had a synergistic action and almost completely protected the liver. Histological results confirmed the biochemical findings. Our results showed a protective effect of 1α,25(OH)2D3 and metformin on liver in diabetic rats as indicated by an improvement of the level of the liver enzymes, decreased apoptosis and increased proliferation and this was confirmed histologically, with modulating NFkB and PPAR-α. Both agents together had a synergistic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah Elattar
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Suzanne Estaphan
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine Cairo University, Egypt.
| | - Enas A Mohamed
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Elzainy
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Mary Naguib
- Clinical Pathology Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Egypt
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25
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Fatima N, Faisal SM, Zubair S, Siddiqui SS, Moin S, Owais M. Emerging role of Interleukins IL-23/IL-17 axis and biochemical markers in the pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes: Association with age and gender in human subjects. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 105:1279-1288. [PMID: 28757426 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.07.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Chronic hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with increased oxidative stress and inflammation. Keeping the above fact into consideration we analyse the effect of age and gender on oxidative stress biomarkers and pro-inflammatory cytokines in T2D patients. The study included 148 diabetic and 110 healthy subjects, grouped on the basis of age and gender. Plasma malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl content and nitric oxide levels were elevated significantly in diabetic patients, with significant decrease in Ferric reducing ability of plasma, vitamin C, reduced glutathione, erythrocyte thiol groups and erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme activity and these changes were even more pronounced as age progressed. Serum IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17A, IL-22 levels and TNF-α mRNA expression was significantly upregulated in all the age groups whereas IL-23 mRNA was upregulated only in the higher age group. Female diabetic patients experienced higher oxidative stress and greater serum IL-6 levels and TNF-α mRNA expression as compared to their male counterparts. This study suggested that diabetes onset is accompanied with increased oxidative stress and elevated levels of inflammatory mediators. The effect was more prominent in aged patients. Female patients experienced greater oxidative stress as compared to males of those age groups with slightly higher levels of inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naureen Fatima
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India
| | - Syed Mohd Faisal
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India
| | - Swaleha Zubair
- Women's College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India
| | - Sheelu Shafiq Siddiqui
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India
| | - Shagufta Moin
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India
| | - Mohammad Owais
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India.
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26
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Establishment of human retinal mitoscriptome gene expression signature for diabetic retinopathy using cadaver eyes. Mitochondrion 2017; 36:150-181. [PMID: 28729194 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of blindness due to retinal microvasculature. We used microarray analysis for the first time to establish the retinal mitoscriptome gene expression signature for DR using human cadaver eyes. Among the 1042 genes, 60 (52-down, 8-up) and 39 (36-down, 3-up) genes were differentially expressed in the DR as compared to normal control and diabetic retinas respectively. These genes were mainly responsible for regulating angiogenesis, anti-oxidant defense mechanism, ATP production and apoptosis contributing to the disease pathology of DR. These findings might be useful for the discovery of biomarker and developing therapeutic regimen.
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27
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Campisano SE, Echarte SM, Podaza E, Chisari AN. Protein malnutrition during fetal programming induces fatty liver in adult male offspring rats. J Physiol Biochem 2017; 73:275-285. [PMID: 28160259 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-017-0549-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the effects of protein malnutrition on liver morphology and physiology in rats subjected to different malnutrition schemes. Pregnant rats were fed with a control diet or a low protein diet (LPD). Male offspring rats received a LPD during gestation, lactation, and until they were 60 days old (MM group), a late LPD that began after weaning (CM), or a LPD administrated only during the gestation-lactation period followed by a control diet (MC). On day 60, blood was collected and the liver was dissected out. We found a decrease in MM rats' total body (p < 0.001) and liver (p < 0.05) weight. These and CM rats showed obvious liver dysfunction reflected by the increase in serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGOT) (MM p < 0.001) and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) (MM and CM p < 0.001) enzymes, and liver content of cholesterol (MM and CM p < 0.001) and triglycerides (MM p < 0.01; CM p < 0.001), in addition to what we saw by histology. Liver dysfunction was also shown by the increase in gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) (MM, MC, and CM p < 0.001) and GST-pi1 (MM and CM p < 0.001, MC p < 0.05) expression levels. MC rats showed the lowest increment in GST-pi1 expression (MC vs. MM; p < 0.001, MC vs. CM; p < 0.01). ROS production (MM, CM, and MC: p < 0.001), lipid peroxidation (MM, CM, and MC p < 0.001), content of carbonyl groups in liver proteins (MM and CM p < 0.001, MC p < 0.01), and total antioxidant capacity (MM, CM, and MC p < 0.001) were increased in the liver of all groups of malnourished animals. However, MM rats showed the highest increment. We found higher TNF-α (MM and CM p < 0.001), and IL-6 (MM and CM p < 0.001) serum levels and TGF-β liver content (MM p < 0.01; CM p < 0.05), in MM and CM groups, while MC rats reverted the values to normal levels. Pro-survival signaling pathways mediated by tyrosine or serine/threonine kinases (pAKT) (MM and CM p < 0.001; MC p < 0.01) and extrasellular signal-regulated kinase (pERKs) (MM p < 0.01; CM p < 0.05) appeared to be activated in the liver of all groups of malnourished rats, suggesting the presence of cells resistant to apoptosis which would become cancerous. In conclusion, a LPD induced liver damage whose magnitude was related to the developmental stage at which malnutrition occurs and to its length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Edith Campisano
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Dean Funes 3350, B7602AYL, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Stella Maris Echarte
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, 4th level Dean Funes 3250, B7602AYL, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Enrique Podaza
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, 4th level Dean Funes 3250, B7602AYL, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea Nancy Chisari
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, 4th level Dean Funes 3250, B7602AYL, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Khayyat L, Essawy A, Sorour J, Soffar A. Tartrazine induces structural and functional aberrations and genotoxic effects in vivo. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3041. [PMID: 28243541 PMCID: PMC5326541 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tartrazine is a synthetic organic azo dye widely used in food and pharmaceutical products. The current study aimed to evaluate the possible adverse effect of this coloring food additive on renal and hepatic structures and functions. Also, the genotoxic potential of tartrazine on white blood cells was investigated using comet assay. Twenty adult male Wistar rats were grouped into two groups of 10 each, control- and tartrazine-treated groups. The control group was administered orally with water alone. The experimental group was administered orally with tartrazine (7.5 mg/kg, b.wt.). Our results showed a marked increase in the levels of ALT, AST, ALP, urea, uric acid, creatinine, MDA and NO, and a decreased level of total antioxidants in the serum of rats dosed with tartrazine compared to controls. On the other hand, administration of tartrazine was associated with severe histopathological and cellular alterations of rat liver and kidney tissues and induced DNA damage in leucocytes as detected by comet assay. Taken together, the results showed that tartrazine intake may lead to adverse health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latifa Khayyat
- Biology Department, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University , Makkah , Saudi Arabia
| | - Amina Essawy
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University , Alexandria , Egypt
| | - Jehan Sorour
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University , Alexandria , Egypt
| | - Ahmed Soffar
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University , Alexandria , Egypt
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29
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Abd-ElSalam HAH, Al-Ghobashy MA, Al-Shorbagy M, Nassar N, Zaazaa HE, Ibrahim MA. Correlation of In Vivo and In Vitro Assay Results for Assessment of Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Green Tea Nutraceuticals. J Food Sci 2016; 81:C1707-15. [PMID: 27275932 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Green tea (GT)-derived catechins; epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) in particular are commonly used nutraceuticals for their free-radical scavenging activity (FRSA). The influence of photodegradation on the protective power of GT nutracenticals against oxidative stress was thoroughly explored. Photodegradation of GT extracts was carried out and monitored using orthogonal stability-indicating testing protocol; in vitro and in vivo assays. Total polyphenol content (TPC) and FRSA were determined spectrophotometrically while EGCG was selectively monitored using SPE-HPLC. In vivo assessment of photodegraded samples was investigated via measuring a number of biomarkers for hepatic oxidative stress and apoptosis (caspase-3, inducible nitric oxide synthase, nitric oxide, mitogen-activated protein kinase, glutathione, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, nuclear factor kappa beta, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor) as well as liver damage (alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase) in serum of rats previously subjected to oxidative stress. Results showed complete degradation of EGCG in photodegraded green tea samples with no correlation with either TPC or FRSA. On the other hand, in vivo assay results revealed not only loss of activity but formation of harmful pro-oxidants. Photostability was found crucial for the protective effect of GT extract against lead acetate insult. Results confirmed that careful design of quality control protocols requires correlation of chemical assays to bioassays to verify efficacy, stability, and most importantly safety of nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Medhat A Al-Ghobashy
- Bioanalysis Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo Univ, Egypt.,Analytical Chemistry Dept., Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo Univ, Egypt
| | | | - Noha Nassar
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Dept., Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo Univ, Egypt
| | - Hala E Zaazaa
- Analytical Chemistry Dept., Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo Univ, Egypt
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Hong J, Kim S, Kim HS. Hepatoprotective Effects of Soybean Embryo by Enhancing Adiponectin-Mediated AMP-Activated Protein Kinase α Pathway in High-Fat and High-Cholesterol Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. J Med Food 2016; 19:549-59. [PMID: 27266339 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2015.3604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is characterized by >5% deposition of triglycerides in hepatocytes, is often referred as a major risk factor for obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension. We investigated the hepatoprotective effect of whole soybean embryos containing bioactive substances such as isoflavones and soyasaponins. For this study, mice were randomly allocated into four groups that were fed different diets for 10 weeks: normal diets and high-fat and high-cholesterol diets (HD), and HD with 10% or 20% soybean embryo powder (10SE-HD and 20SE-HD). Hepatic superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity of the experimental groups increased during the period of the study (P < .05). Hepatic mRNA expressions of tumor necrosis factor α, nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2, and Caspase 3 were decreased when soybean embryos were increased in the mice's diets. Both of the soybean embryo-treated groups showed significantly decreased serum and liver triglyceride and total cholesterol. Adiponectin, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) α, hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase, sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c, fatty acid synthase, and apolipoprotein B mRNA expressions were decreased in the mice that were fed soybean embryos. We suggest that the regular supplementation of soybean embryos might be a useful treatment for preventing NAFLD and associated complications through upregulation of adiponectin-mediated AMPKα pathway parameters, which are implicated in antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and lipid metabolism activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihye Hong
- Major in Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Sookmyung Women's University , Seoul, Korea
| | - Sera Kim
- Major in Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Sookmyung Women's University , Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun-Sook Kim
- Major in Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Sookmyung Women's University , Seoul, Korea
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31
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Roh SS, Kwon OJ, Yang JH, Kim YS, Lee SH, Jin JS, Jeon YD, Yokozawa T, Kim HJ. Allium hookeri root protects oxidative stress-induced inflammatory responses and β-cell damage in pancreas of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Altern Ther Health Med 2016; 16:63. [PMID: 26888412 PMCID: PMC4756415 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1032-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Water extract from the root of Allium hookeri (AH) shows anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and free radical scavenging effects. In this study, the ameliorating effects of AH on oxidative stress-induced inflammatory response and β-cell damage in the pancreas of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetic rats were investigated. Methods AH (100 mg/kg body weight/day) was orally administered every day for 2 weeks to STZ-induced diabetic rats. After the final administration of AH, biochemical parameters including glucose, insulin, reactive oxygen species levels, and protein expressions related to antioxidant defense system in the pancreas of STZ-induced diabetic rats. Results The diabetic rats showed loss of body weight and increased pancreatic weight, while the oral administration of AH attenuated body and pancreatic weight changes. Moreover, the administration of AH caused a slightly decrease in the serum glucose level and a significant increase in the serum and pancreatic insulin levels in the diabetic rats. AH also significantly reduced the enhanced levels of reactive oxygen species, oxidative stress biomarker, in the serum and pancreas. The diabetic rats exhibited a down-regulation of the protein expression related to antioxidant defense system in the pancreas, but AH administration significantly up-regulated the expression of the heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Furthermore, AH treatment was reduced the overexpression of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-кB)p65 and NF-кBp65-induced inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6. In addition, AH treatment was less pancreatic β-cell damaged compared with those of the diabetic rats. Conclusion These results provide important evidence that AH has a HO-1 activity on the oxidative stress conditions showing pancreato-protective effects against the development of inflammation in the diabetic rats. This study provides scientific evidence that AH protects the inflammatory responses by modulated NF-кBp65 signaling pathway through activation of HO-1 in the pancreas of STZ-induced diabetic rats.
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Pektaş MB, Sadi G, Koca HB, Yuksel Y, Vurmaz A, Koca T, Tosun M. Resveratrol Ameliorates the Components of Hepatic Inflammation and Apoptosis in a Rat Model of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes. Drug Dev Res 2016; 77:12-9. [DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Bilgehan Pektaş
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine; Afyon Kocatepe University; Afyonkarahisar Turkey
| | - Gökhan Sadi
- Department of Biology, K.Ö. Science Faculty; Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University; Karaman Turkey
| | - Halit Bugra Koca
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine; Afyon Kocatepe University; Afyonkarahisar Turkey
| | - Yasemin Yuksel
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine; Afyon Kocatepe University; Afyonkarahisar Turkey
| | - Ayhan Vurmaz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine; Afyon Kocatepe University; Afyonkarahisar Turkey
| | - Tulay Koca
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Ataturk Vocational School of Health Services; Afyon Kocatepe University; Afyonkarahisar and Karaman Turkey
| | - Murat Tosun
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine; Afyon Kocatepe University; Afyonkarahisar Turkey
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Todorović N, Tomanović N, Gass P, Filipović D. Olanzapine modulation of hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation in socially isolated rats. Eur J Pharm Sci 2015; 81:94-102. [PMID: 26474692 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2015.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Olanzapine, an atypical antipsychotic, is efficient in stress associated psychiatric diseases, but its effect on the liver, a primary organ for drug activation and detoxification, still remains unclear. The effect of olanzapine administration (7.5mg/kg/day), on rat hepatic glutathione (GSH)-dependent defense and proinflammatory cytokines following 6weeks of chronic social isolation (CSIS), which causes depressive- and anxiety-like behavior in adult male Wistar rats, was investigated. The subcellular distribution of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), cytosolic inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein levels and hepatic histological alterations were also determined. Decreased GSH content and glutathione reductase activity associated with increased catalase and glutathione S-transferase activity following CSIS indicated hepatic oxidative stress. Moreover, CSIS caused NF-κB nuclear translocation and the concomitant increase in iNOS together with increase in interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor alpha protein levels, but no effect on interleukin-6. Olanzapine treatment suppressed NF-κB activation and iNOS expression and caused modulation of GSH-dependent defense systems but failed to reverse CSIS-induced increase in hepatic proinflammatory cytokines. Portal inflammation, focal hepatocyte necrosis and an increased number of Kupffer cells in CSIS rats (vehicle- or olanzapine-treated) were found. Olanzapine-treated socially reared rats showed portal inflammation and focal hepatocyte necrosis. Data suggest that CSIS compromised GSH-dependent defense, triggered a proinflammatory response and histological alterations in rat liver. Olanzapine treatment partially reversed the alterations in hepatic GSH-dependent defense, but showed no anti-inflammatory effect suggesting that it may provide protective effect against hepatic CSIS-induced oxidative stress, but not against inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevena Todorović
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Institute of Nuclear Sciences "Vinča", University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nada Tomanović
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Peter Gass
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Dragana Filipović
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Institute of Nuclear Sciences "Vinča", University of Belgrade, Serbia.
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Moreira JD, Pernomian L, Gomes MS, Pernomian L, Moreira RP, do Prado AF, da Silva CHTP, de Oliveira AM. Acute restraint stress increases carotid reactivity in type-I diabetic rats by enhancing Nox4/NADPH oxidase functionality. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 765:503-16. [PMID: 26387612 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 08/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hyperglycemia increases the generation of reactive oxygen species and affects systems that regulate the vascular tone including renin-angiotensin system. Stress could exacerbate intracellular oxidative stress during Diabetes upon the activation of angiotensin AT1/NADPH oxidase pathway, which contributes to the development of diabetic cardiovascular complications. For this study, type-I Diabetes was induced in Wistar rats by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. 28 days after streptozotocin injection, the animals underwent to acute restraint stress for 3 h. Cumulative concentration-response curves for angiotensin II were obtained in carotid rings pre-treated or not with Nox or cyclooxygenase inhibitors. Nox1 or Nox4 expression and activity were assessed by Western blotting and lucigenin chemiluminescence, respectively. The role of Nox1 and Nox4 on reactive oxygen species generation was evaluated by flow cytometry and Amplex Red assays. Cyclooxygenases expression was assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The contractile response evoked by angiotensin II was increased in diabetic rat carotid. Acute restraint stress increased this response in this vessel by mechanisms mediated by Nox4, whose local expression and activity in generating hydrogen peroxide are increased. The contractile hyperreactivity to angiotensin II in stressed diabetic rat carotid is also mediated by metabolites derived from cyclooxygenase-2, whose local expression is increased. Taken together, our findings suggest that acute restraint stress exacerbates the contractile hyperreactivity to angiotensin II in diabetic rat carotid by enhancing Nox4-driven generation of hydrogen peroxide, which evokes contractile tone by cyclooxygenases-dependent mechanisms. Finally, these findings highlight the harmful role played by acute stress in modulating diabetic vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josimar D Moreira
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University from Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Larissa Pernomian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences from Ribeirão Preto (FCFRP), University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Mayara S Gomes
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, FCFRP, USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Laena Pernomian
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine from Ribeirão Preto (FMRP), USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael P Moreira
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, FCFRP, USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Alejandro F do Prado
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine from Ribeirão Preto (FMRP), USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos H T P da Silva
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences from Ribeirão Preto (FCFRP), University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana M de Oliveira
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, FCFRP, USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Garcia FADO, Rebouças JF, Balbino TQ, da Silva TG, de Carvalho-Júnior CHR, Cerqueira GS, Brito GADC, Viana GSDB. Pentoxifylline reduces the inflammatory process in diabetic rats: relationship with decreases of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inducible nitric oxide synthase. JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON 2015; 12:33. [PMID: 25922592 PMCID: PMC4411660 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-015-0080-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Studies suggest that inflammation is a key factor in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 and TNF-alpha, are produced by adipose tissue in large quantities, in obese and especially in diabetic individuals. Pentoxifylline (PTX) is a non-selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions that may contribute to alleviate diabetes side effects, as neuropathy, retinopathy and nephropathy. This study aims to investigate PTX anti-inflammatory effects on the carrageenan-induced paw edema model, in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Diabetic animals (male Wistar rats, 200–250 g) were daily treated with PTX (25, 50, 100 mg/kg, p.o.), glibenclamide (GLI, 5 mg/kg, p.o., as reference) or water, for 5 days. Afterwards, carrageenan-treated paws were dissected, their skin removed and the tissue used for preparation of homogenates and measurements of IL-6 and TNF-alpha by Elisa. Serum levels of nitrite were also determined and paw slices used for iNOS immunohistochemistry assays. We showed that diabetic rats presented an amplification of the inflammatory response, as related to non-diabetic rats, what was evident 48 h after the edema-induction. The PTX-treatment of diabetic rats reduced glycemia (as related to untreated-diabetic ones) and the paw edema. It also brought edema volumes to values similar to those of non-diabetic rats, at the same observation time. The increased TNF-alpha and IL-6 levels in paws of untreated-diabetic rats were reduced in diabetic animals after PTX treatments. Besides, the increased levels of nitrite in the serum of diabetic rats were also decreased by PTX. Furthermore, a higher number of iNOS immunostained cells was demonstrated in paw tissues from untreated-diabetic rats, as related to those of PTX-treated diabetic animals. Our results show that PTX reduces inflammatory parameters, as pro-inflammatory cytokines and iNOS expression, indicating the potential benefit of the drug for the treatment of diabetes and related pathologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Gilberto Santos Cerqueira
- Faculty of Medicine of the Federal University of Ceará, Rua Barbosa de Freitas, 130/1100, Fortaleza, CEP: 60170-020 Brazil
| | - Gerly Anne de Castro Brito
- Faculty of Medicine of the Federal University of Ceará, Rua Barbosa de Freitas, 130/1100, Fortaleza, CEP: 60170-020 Brazil
| | - Glauce Socorro de Barros Viana
- Faculty of Medicine Estácio of Juazeiro do Norte, Juazeiro do Norte, Brazil ; Faculty of Medicine of the Federal University of Ceará, Rua Barbosa de Freitas, 130/1100, Fortaleza, CEP: 60170-020 Brazil
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36
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Hwang YJ, Wi HR, Kim HR, Park KW, Hwang KA. Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc. alleviates lipogenesis and oxidative stress during oleic acid-induced steatosis in HepG2 cells. Nutrients 2014; 6:2956-72. [PMID: 25057104 PMCID: PMC4113772 DOI: 10.3390/nu6072956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Excess accumulation of lipids and oxidative stress in the liver contribute to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We hypothesized that Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc. (PSZ) can protect against NAFLD by regulating lipid accumulation and oxidative stress in the liver. To investigate the effect of PSZ upon NAFLD, we used an established cellular model: HepG2 cells treated with oleic acid. Then, the extent of hepatic steatosis and oxidative stress was assessed and levels of inflammatory markers measured. Oleic acid-treated HepG2 cells, compared with controls, had greater lipid accumulation. PSZ decreased lipid accumulation by 63% in oleic acid-treated HepG2 cells. Additionally, PSZ decreased the target gene expression of lipogenesis such as sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c, fatty acid synthase, stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1, diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase-1, and acetyl-CoA carboxylase-1 by 1.75, 6.0, 2.32, 1.93 and 1.81 fold, respectively. In addition, Oleic acid-treated HepG2 cells elicited extensive accumulation of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) by 4.53 fold, whereas PSZ-treated cells decreased the expression of TNFα mRNA by 1.76 fold. PSZ significantly inhibited oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species. These results suggest that PSZ has effects on steatosis in vitro and further studies are needed in vivo to verify the current observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jin Hwang
- Department of Agrofood Resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon 441-853, Korea.
| | - Hae-Ri Wi
- Department of Agrofood Resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon 441-853, Korea.
| | - Haeng-Ran Kim
- Department of Agrofood Resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon 441-853, Korea.
| | - Kye Won Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.
| | - Kyung-A Hwang
- Department of Agrofood Resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon 441-853, Korea.
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Garcia FAO, Pinto SF, Cavalcante AF, Lucetti LT, Menezes SM, Felipe CFB, Alves APN, Brito GAC, Cerqueira GS, Viana GS. Pentoxifylline decreases glycemia levels and TNF-alpha, iNOS and COX-2 expressions in diabetic rat pancreas. SPRINGERPLUS 2014; 3:283. [PMID: 24991532 PMCID: PMC4070224 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-3-283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Pentoxifylline (PTX), a methyl xanthine derivative, is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor with anti-inflammatory and renoprotective effects in diabetic patients, among other properties. We studied PTX actions and mechanisms in reducing blood biochemical parameters, in diabetic rats. For diabetes induction, alloxan was intravenously administered to male Wistar rats. One group was left untreated and the other ones treated with PTX (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg), glibenclamide or metformin, as references. Forty-eight hours later and after 1-week to 3-month treatments, blood was collected for determination of glycemia, triglycerides, cholesterol, transaminases, fructosamine and glycated hemoglobin. Afterwards, the animals were euthanized and pancreas, liver and kidney processed for histological analyses and immunohistochemistry assays for TNF-alpha, iNOS and COX-2. The results showed that PTX decreased glycemia and also triglyceride levels, starting 1 week after treatments, as compared to the same group before treatments. Glycemia values were brought towards normality, after 1-month treatment. PTX hypoglycemic effects were potentiated by glibenclamide but not by metformin. It also decreased fructosamine and glycated hemoglobin. Some histological and immunohistochemical alterations for TNF-alpha, iNOS and COX-2 in the diabetic pancreas were also reversed by PTX. We conclude that PTX acts similarly to glibenclamide, and its hypoglycemic actions are, partly, a consequence of ATP-sensitive K(+) channels inhibition. In addition, by its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, PTX may be a therapeutic alternative for the treatment of diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sofia F Pinto
- Faculty of Medicine Estácio of Juazeiro do Norte, Juazeiro do Norte, Brazil
| | | | - Lívia T Lucetti
- Faculty of Medicine Estácio of Juazeiro do Norte, Juazeiro do Norte, Brazil
| | - Silvana Ms Menezes
- Faculty of Medicine of the Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Paula Nn Alves
- Faculty of Medicine of the Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Gerly Anne C Brito
- Faculty of Medicine of the Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | - Glauce Sb Viana
- Faculty of Medicine of the Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil ; Faculty of Medicine Estácio of Juazeiro do Norte, Juazeiro do Norte, Brazil
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