1
|
Rakotonirina A, Dauga C, Pol M, Hide M, Vuth L, Ballan V, Kilama S, Russet S, Marcombe S, Boyer S, Pocquet N. Speciation patterns of Aedes mosquitoes in the Scutellaris Group: a mitochondrial perspective. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10930. [PMID: 38740928 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61573-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The Scutellaris Group of Aedes comprises 47 mosquito species, including Aedes albopictus. While Ae. albopictus is widely distributed, the other species are mostly found in the Asia-Pacific region. Evolutionary history researches of Aedes species within the Scutellaris Group have mainly focused on Ae. albopictus, a species that raises significant public health concerns, neglecting the other species. In this study, we aimed to assess genetic diversity and estimate speciation times of several species within the Scutellaris Group. Mosquitoes were therefore collected from various Asia-Pacific countries. Their mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) and subunit 3 (cox3) sequences were analyzed alongside those of other Scutellaris Group species available in the GenBank database. To estimate the divergence time, we analyzed 1849 cox1 gene sequences from 21 species, using three species (Aedes aegypti, Aedes notoscriptus and Aedes vigilax) as outgroups. We found that most of the speciation dates occurred during the Paleogene and the Neogene periods. A separation between the Scutellaris Subgroup and the Albopictus Subgroup occurred approximately 64-61 million years ago (MYA). We also identified a split between species found in Asia/Micronesia and those collected in Melanesia/Polynesia approximately 36-35 MYA. Our findings suggest that the speciation of Aedes species within the Scutellaris Group may be driven by diversity in mammalian hosts, climate and environmental changes, and geological dynamics rather than human migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antsa Rakotonirina
- Medical and Veterinary Entomology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
- Unité de Recherche et d'Expertise en Entomologie Médicale, Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Nouméa, Nouvelle-Calédonie.
| | - Catherine Dauga
- Arboriruses and Insect Vectors Laboratory, Institut Pasteur Paris, Paris, France
| | - Morgane Pol
- Unité de Recherche et d'Expertise en Entomologie Médicale, Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Nouméa, Nouvelle-Calédonie
| | - Mallorie Hide
- Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Linavin Vuth
- Medical and Veterinary Entomology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Valentine Ballan
- Unité de Recherche et d'Expertise en Entomologie Médicale, Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Nouméa, Nouvelle-Calédonie
| | - Sosiasi Kilama
- Unité de Recherche et d'Expertise en Entomologie Médicale, Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Nouméa, Nouvelle-Calédonie
| | - Sylvie Russet
- Unité de Recherche et d'Expertise en Entomologie Médicale, Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Nouméa, Nouvelle-Calédonie
| | - Sébastien Marcombe
- Vector Borne Disease Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Laos, Vientiane, Laos
- Vector Control Consulting-South East Asia SOLE CO., LTD., Vientiane, Lao PDR
| | - Sébastien Boyer
- Medical and Veterinary Entomology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
- Ecology and Emergence of Arthropod-Borne Pathogens Unit, Department of Global Health, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR2000, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Pocquet
- Unité de Recherche et d'Expertise en Entomologie Médicale, Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Nouméa, Nouvelle-Calédonie
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Laboratory Validation of a Real-Time RT-PCR Assay for the Detection of Jamestown Canyon Virus. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11050536. [PMID: 35631056 PMCID: PMC9146205 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11050536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuroinvasive disease caused by Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV) infection is rare. However, increasing incidence and widespread occurrence of the infection make JCV a growing public health concern. Presently, clinical diagnosis is achieved through serological testing, and mosquito pool surveillance requires virus isolation and identification. A rapid molecular detection test, such as real-time RT-PCR, for diagnosis and surveillance of JCV has not been widely utilized. To enhance testing and surveillance, here, we describe the development and validation of a real-time RT-PCR test for the detection of JCV RNA. Three primer and probe sets were evaluated for analytical sensitivity and specificity. One probe set, JCV132FAM, was found to be the most sensitive test detecting 7.2 genomic equivalents/µL. While less sensitive, a second probe set JCV231cFAM was the most specific test with limited detection of Keystone virus at high RNA loads. Taken together, these data indicate both probe sets can be utilized for a primary sensitive screening assay and a secondary specific confirmatory assay. While both primer and probe sets detected high viral loads of Keystone virus, these assays did not detect any virus in the California encephalitis virus clade, including negative detection of the medically important La Crosse virus (LACV) and snowshoe hare virus (SSHV). The real-time RT-PCR assay described herein could be utilized in diagnosis and surveillance in regions with co-circulation of JCV and LACV or SSHV to inform public health action.
Collapse
|
3
|
Abdullah N, Ahemad N, Aliazis K, Khairat JE, Lee TC, Abdul Ahmad SA, Adnan NAA, Macha NO, Hassan SS. The Putative Roles and Functions of Indel, Repetition and Duplication Events in Alphavirus Non-Structural Protein 3 Hypervariable Domain (nsP3 HVD) in Evolution, Viability and Re-Emergence. Viruses 2021; 13:v13061021. [PMID: 34071712 PMCID: PMC8228767 DOI: 10.3390/v13061021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Alphavirus non-structural proteins 1–4 (nsP1, nsP2, nsP3, and nsP4) are known to be crucial for alphavirus RNA replication and translation. To date, nsP3 has been demonstrated to mediate many virus–host protein–protein interactions in several fundamental alphavirus mechanisms, particularly during the early stages of replication. However, the molecular pathways and proteins networks underlying these mechanisms remain poorly described. This is due to the low genetic sequence homology of the nsP3 protein among the alphavirus species, especially at its 3′ C-terminal domain, the hypervariable domain (HVD). Moreover, the nsP3 HVD is almost or completely intrinsically disordered and has a poor ability to form secondary structures. Evolution in the nsP3 HVD region allows the alphavirus to adapt to vertebrate and insect hosts. This review focuses on the putative roles and functions of indel, repetition, and duplication events that have occurred in the alphavirus nsP3 HVD, including characterization of the differences and their implications for specificity in the context of virus–host interactions in fundamental alphavirus mechanisms, which have thus directly facilitated the evolution, adaptation, viability, and re-emergence of these viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nurshariza Abdullah
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.A.); (N.A.A.A.); (N.O.M.)
| | - Nafees Ahemad
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Infectious Diseases and Health Cluster, Tropical Medicine and Biology Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Konstantinos Aliazis
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK;
| | - Jasmine Elanie Khairat
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Thong Chuan Lee
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences & Technology, University Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Gambang, Kuantan 26300, Pahang, Malaysia;
| | - Siti Aisyah Abdul Ahmad
- Immunogenetic Unit, Allergy and Immunology Research Center, Institute for Medical Research, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam 40170, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Nur Amelia Azreen Adnan
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.A.); (N.A.A.A.); (N.O.M.)
| | - Nur Omar Macha
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.A.); (N.A.A.A.); (N.O.M.)
| | - Sharifah Syed Hassan
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.A.); (N.A.A.A.); (N.O.M.)
- Infectious Diseases and Health Cluster, Tropical Medicine and Biology Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-3-5514-6340
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Calvez E, Pocquet N, Malau A, Kilama S, Taugamoa A, Labrousse D, Boussès P, Failloux AB, Dupont-Rouzeyrol M, Mathieu-Daudé F. Assessing entomological risk factors for arboviral disease transmission in the French Territory of the Wallis and Futuna Islands. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008250. [PMID: 32401756 PMCID: PMC7219742 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The French overseas Territory of the Wallis and Futuna Islands has been affected by several dengue epidemics. Aedes polynesiensis is the main mosquito vector described in this territory. Other Aedes species have been reported, but recent entomological data are missing to infer the presence of other potential arbovirus vectors and to assess the entomological risk factors for transmission of arboviral diseases. Methodology/ Principal findings An entomological prospective study was conducted on the three main islands of the territory to determine the presence and distribution of Aedes spp. Larvae, pupae and adult mosquitoes were collected from 54 sampling points in different environments, with a final sampling of 3747 immature stages and 606 adults. The main identified breeding sites were described. Ae. polynesiensis was found in every sampled site in peridomestic and wild habitats. Ae. aegypti was only found on the island of Wallis in peridomestic environments with a limited distribution. Two other Aedes species endemic to the Pacific were recorded, Aedes oceanicus and Aedes futunae. To evaluate the ability of local Ae. polynesiensis to transmit the chikungunya virus (CHIKV), two field populations were analyzed for vector competence using experimental oral exposure of females to CHIKV and infection, dissemination and transmission assays. Results showed that both populations of Ae. polynesiensis were competent for CHIKV (30% at 7 days post-infection). Conclusions/Significance This study showed the ubiquitous distribution and abundance of Ae. polynesiensis on the three islands and demonstrated that local populations were able to transmit CHIKV. Combined with the presence and expansion of Ae. aegypti on the main island of Wallis, these data highlight the risk of transmission of arboviral diseases in the territory of Wallis and Futuna and provide relevant information for entomological surveillance and vector control programs. The French overseas Territory of the Wallis and Futuna Islands, located in the South Pacific, has been affected by several dengue epidemics, but did not face Zika or chikungunya outbreaks, unlike other neighboring islands. The near-exclusive presence of the Aedes polynesiensis mosquito in the islands of Wallis and Futuna confirmed the role played by this mosquito as a vector of dengue fever. A local Ae. polynesiensis population was recently shown to be able to transmit the Zika virus under experimental conditions, but its susceptibility to the chikungunya virus was still unknown, and recent data on the presence of other potential arbovirus vectors were missing. Therefore, we investigated the entomological risk factors for the transmission of arboviral diseases in the Wallis and Futuna Islands. We reported the occurrence and distribution of different Aedes species, especially the abundant presence of Ae. polynesiensis across the territory and the spread of Ae. aegypti in the island of Wallis. Our results demonstrated the ability of local Ae. polynesiensis populations to transmit the chikungunya virus. These findings highlight the risk of arbovirus transmission in the Wallis and Futuna Islands and provide relevant data to guide prevention and vector control strategies in the territory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Calvez
- URE-Dengue et autres Arboviroses, Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Réseau International Institut Pasteur, Nouméa, New Caledonia
| | - Nicolas Pocquet
- URE-Entomologie Médicale, Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Réseau International Institut Pasteur, Nouméa, New Caledonia
| | - Atoloto Malau
- Service de l’Environnement de Wallis et Futuna, Mata’Utu, Uvea, Wallis and Futuna
| | - Sosiasi Kilama
- URE-Entomologie Médicale, Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Réseau International Institut Pasteur, Nouméa, New Caledonia
| | - Alefosio Taugamoa
- Service de l’Environnement de Wallis et Futuna, Leava, Futuna, Wallis and Futuna
| | - Didier Labrousse
- Service de l’Environnement de Wallis et Futuna, Leava, Futuna, Wallis and Futuna
| | - Philippe Boussès
- UMR MIVEGEC Univ Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Myrielle Dupont-Rouzeyrol
- URE-Dengue et autres Arboviroses, Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Réseau International Institut Pasteur, Nouméa, New Caledonia
| | - Françoise Mathieu-Daudé
- UMR MIVEGEC Univ Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France
- UMR MIVEGEC Univ Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Nouméa, New Caledonia
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pezzi L, Diallo M, Rosa-Freitas MG, Vega-Rua A, Ng LFP, Boyer S, Drexler JF, Vasilakis N, Lourenco-de-Oliveira R, Weaver SC, Kohl A, de Lamballerie X, Failloux AB. GloPID-R report on chikungunya, o'nyong-nyong and Mayaro virus, part 5: Entomological aspects. Antiviral Res 2019; 174:104670. [PMID: 31812638 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2019.104670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The GloPID-R (Global Research Collaboration for Infectious Disease Preparedness) chikungunya (CHIKV), o'nyong-nyong (ONNV) and Mayaro virus (MAYV) Working Group has been established to investigate natural history, epidemiology and clinical aspects of infection by these viruses. Here, we present a report dedicated to entomological aspects of CHIKV, ONNV and MAYV. Recent global expansion of chikungunya virus has been possible because CHIKV established a transmission cycle in urban settings using anthropophilic vectors such as Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti. MAYV and ONNV have a more limited geographic distribution, being confined to Africa (ONNV) and central-southern America (MAYV). ONNV is probably maintained through an enzootic cycle that has not been characterized yet, with Anopheles species as main vectors and humans as amplification hosts during epidemics. MAYV is transmitted by Haemagogus species in an enzootic cycle using non-human primates as the main amplification and maintenance hosts, and humans becoming sporadically infected when venturing in or nearby forest habitats. Here, we focused on the transmission cycle and natural vectors that sustain circulation of these viruses in their respective locations. The knowledge of the natural ecology of transmission and the capacity of different vectors to transmit these viruses is crucial to understand CHIKV emergence, and to assess the risk that MAYV and ONNV will expand on wide scale using anthropophilic mosquito species not normally considered primary vectors. Finally, the experts identified knowledge gaps and provided adapted recommendations, in order to address future entomological investigations in the right direction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Pezzi
- Unité des Virus Émergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ-IRD 190-Inserm 1207-IHU Méditerranée Infection), Marseille, France; EA7310, Laboratoire de Virologie, Université de Corse-Inserm, Corte, France.
| | - M Diallo
- Unité d'Entomologie Médicale, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - M G Rosa-Freitas
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A Vega-Rua
- Laboratory of Vector Control Research, Environment and Health Unit, Institut Pasteur de la Guadeloupe, Guadeloupe
| | - L F P Ng
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - S Boyer
- Medical Entomology Platform, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - J F Drexler
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Virology, 10117, Berlin, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Germany
| | - N Vasilakis
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Human Infection and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA
| | - R Lourenco-de-Oliveira
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - S C Weaver
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA
| | - A Kohl
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, UK
| | - X de Lamballerie
- Unité des Virus Émergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ-IRD 190-Inserm 1207-IHU Méditerranée Infection), Marseille, France
| | - A-B Failloux
- Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Arboviruses and Insect Vectors Unit, Paris, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Seck MC, Badiane AS, Thwing J, Moss D, Fall FB, Gomis JF, Deme AB, Diongue K, Sy M, Mbaye A, Ndiaye T, Gaye A, Ndiaye YD, Diallo MA, Ndiaye D, Rogier E. Serological Data Shows Low Levels of Chikungunya Exposure in Senegalese Nomadic Pastoralists. Pathogens 2019; 8:pathogens8030113. [PMID: 31357631 PMCID: PMC6789836 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens8030113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is spread by Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus mosquitos worldwide; infection can lead to disease including joint pain, fever, and rash, with some convalescent persons experiencing chronic symptoms. Historically, CHIKV transmission has occurred in Africa and Asia, but recent outbreaks have taken place in Europe, Indonesia, and the Americas. From September to October 2014, a survey was undertaken with nomadic pastoralists residing in the northeast departments of Senegal. Blood dried on filter paper (dried blood spots; DBS) were collected from 1465 participants of all ages, and assayed for Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against CHIKV E1 antigen by a bead-based multiplex assay. The overall seroprevalence of all participants to CHIKV E1 was 2.7%, with no persons under 10 years of age found to be antibody positive. Above 10 years of age, clear increases of seroprevalence and IgG levels were observed with increasing age; 7.6% of participants older than 50 years were found to be positive for anti-CHIKV IgG. Reported net ownership, net usage, and gender were all non-significant explanatory variables of seropositivity. These data show a low-level historical exposure of this pastoralist population to CHIKV, with no evidence of recent CHIKV transmission in the past decade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mame Cheikh Seck
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar 12500, Senegal.
| | - Aida Sadikh Badiane
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar 12500, Senegal
| | - Julie Thwing
- Malaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
- President's Malaria Initiative, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Delynn Moss
- Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
| | - Fatou Ba Fall
- Senegal National Malaria Control Program, Dakar 999066, Senegal
| | - Jules Francois Gomis
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar 12500, Senegal
| | - Awa Bineta Deme
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar 12500, Senegal
| | - Khadim Diongue
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar 12500, Senegal
| | - Mohamed Sy
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar 12500, Senegal
| | - Aminata Mbaye
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar 12500, Senegal
| | - Tolla Ndiaye
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar 12500, Senegal
| | - Aminata Gaye
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar 12500, Senegal
| | - Yaye Die Ndiaye
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar 12500, Senegal
| | - Mamadou Alpha Diallo
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar 12500, Senegal
| | - Daouda Ndiaye
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar 12500, Senegal
| | - Eric Rogier
- Malaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Matusali G, Colavita F, Bordi L, Lalle E, Ippolito G, Capobianchi MR, Castilletti C. Tropism of the Chikungunya Virus. Viruses 2019; 11:v11020175. [PMID: 30791607 PMCID: PMC6410217 DOI: 10.3390/v11020175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a re-emerging mosquito-borne virus that displays a large cell and organ tropism, and causes a broad range of clinical symptoms in humans. It is maintained in nature through both urban and sylvatic cycles, involving mosquito vectors and human or vertebrate animal hosts. Although CHIKV was first isolated in 1953, its pathogenesis was only more extensively studied after its re-emergence in 2004. The unexpected spread of CHIKV to novel tropical and non-tropical areas, in some instances driven by newly competent vectors, evidenced the vulnerability of new territories to this infectious agent and its associated diseases. The comprehension of the exact CHIKV target cells and organs, mechanisms of pathogenesis, and spectrum of both competitive vectors and animal hosts is pivotal for the design of effective therapeutic strategies, vector control measures, and eradication actions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Matusali
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy.
| | - Francesca Colavita
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy.
| | - Licia Bordi
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Lalle
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Ippolito
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy.
| | - Maria R Capobianchi
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy.
| | - Concetta Castilletti
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Felix GE, Barrera R, Vazquez J, Ryff KR, Munoz-Jordan JL, Matias KY, Hemme RR. Entomological Investigation of Aedes aegypti In Neighborhoods With Confirmed Human Arbovirus Infection In Puerto Rico. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION 2018; 34:233-236. [PMID: 31442166 PMCID: PMC7052820 DOI: 10.2987/18-6741.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The exotic arboviruses chikungunya (CHIKV) and Zika (ZIKV) recently caused large outbreaks and continue to circulate in Puerto Rico, prompting entomological investigations at 9 locations with confirmed CHIKV- or ZIKV-infected human cases. Adult mosquitoes were collected using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention autocidal gravid ovitraps over a 14-day period at each site. Mean female Aedes aegypti captured per trap-week ranged from 13.47 per trap-week to 1.27 per trap-week. Arbovirus-positive pools were detected at 7 of the 9 sampling sites. We investigated vertical transmission by collecting Ae. aegypti eggs in a single location where ZIKV was found in adult mosquitoes. We discuss the relationship between vector density and infection rates and its implications for determining mosquito density thresholds of novel invasive arboviruses such as CHIKV and ZIKV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gilberto E Felix
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR 00921-3200
| | - Roberto Barrera
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR 00921-3200
| | - Jesus Vazquez
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR 00921-3200
| | - Kyle R Ryff
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR 00921-3200
| | - Jorge L Munoz-Jordan
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR 00921-3200
| | - Katia Y Matias
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR 00921-3200
| | - Ryan R Hemme
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR 00921-3200
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Marie J, Perera D, Garstang H, Bossin HC, Bourtzis K. Exploring Mosquito Fauna of Majuro Atoll (Republic of Marshall Islands) in the Context of Zika Outbreak. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2018; 55:1299-1306. [PMID: 29635382 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjy048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
First autochthonous Zika clinical case was reported in the Republic of Marshall Islands (RMI) on Majuro Atoll in February 2016. An entomological survey of mosquito larvae and adult populations was carried out in four areas of Majuro, the most populated atoll of RMI encompassing different habitats (forest, rural, or urban) including some with confirmed clinical Zika cases to evaluate which mosquito species could be involved in the Zika transmission. A total of 2,367 immature and adult mosquito specimens were collected and identified to the species level. In total, five mosquito species were detected, Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus), Aedes albopictus (Skuse), Aedes marshallensis (Stone and Bohart), Culex quinquefasciatus (Say), and Culex annulirostris (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae), a first record for RMI. The most abundant species was Ae. aegypti presumed to be the main vector of Zika virus followed by Ae. albopictus. Improved management of breeding containers through better public awareness and community engagement, mosquito surveillance and innovative mosquito control strategies using the sterile insect technique (SIT) and/or the incompatible insect technique (IIT) could help prevent outbreaks of arboviruses in the RMI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Marie
- Laboratoire d'Entomologie Médicale, Institut Louis Malardé, BP 30, 98713 Papeete, French Polynesia. Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, IHU-Méditerranée infection, Marseille, France
| | - Devika Perera
- Regional Malaria Officer, Anti Malaria Campaign, Kurunegala, Sri Lanka
| | - Helentina Garstang
- Republic of the Marshall Islands, Ministry of Health, Majuro, Republic of the Marshall Islands
| | - Herve C Bossin
- Laboratoire d'Entomologie Médicale, Institut Louis Malardé, BP 30, 98713 Papeete, French Polynesia. Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, IHU-Méditerranée infection, Marseille, France
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Barr KL, Khan E, Farooqi JQ, Imtiaz K, Prakoso D, Malik F, Lednicky JA, Long MT. Evidence of Chikungunya Virus Disease in Pakistan Since 2015 With Patients Demonstrating Involvement of the Central Nervous System. Front Public Health 2018; 6:186. [PMID: 30042937 PMCID: PMC6048291 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2018.00186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Several arboviruses are endemic to and co-circulate in Pakistan. In recent years, Pakistan has observed a rise in arboviral infections. A cross-sectional study for arboviral diseases, which included screening for Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), was initiated in 2015 to determine which pathogens were causing disease in patients presenting to health care services. Exposure to CHIKV was verified via detection of viral nucleic acids or virus-specific IgM with virus-specific neutralizing antibodies. Out of 997 enrolled patients presenting with clinical features suggestive of arboviral disease, 102 patients were positive for CHIKV IgM antibodies and 60 patients were positive for CHIKV nucleic acids or neutralizing antibodies. The data presented here show that CHIKV has been circulating in Pakistan since April of 2015. CHIKV infections were detected in study subjects up to the conclusion of our enrollment period in July 2017. Syndromic and clinical data show that arthralgia was associated with CHIKV as was rash, fever greater than 38°C, and lymphopenia. Neurological symptoms were reported in 49% of CHIKV suspect patients and in 46.6% of confirmed infections. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis was diagnosed in 5% of confirmed infection and various manifestation of encephalitis diagnosed in an additional 16.6% of patients with confirmed CHIKV infections. CHIKV-exposed patients were just as likely to present with neurological symptoms and encephalitis as patients with West Nile Virus infections but were 4.57 times more likely to have lymphopenia. This proportion of neurological symptoms may be a complicating factor in countries where WNV and/or JEV co-circulate with CHIKV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelli L Barr
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Erum Khan
- Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathology, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Joveria Q Farooqi
- Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathology, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Kehkashan Imtiaz
- Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathology, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Dhani Prakoso
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Faisal Malik
- Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathology, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - John A Lednicky
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Maureen T Long
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rose DA, Godsey MS, Faraji A, Ostrum EM, Savage HM. A SURVEY OF THE MOSQUITOES OF KOSRAE STATE, FEDERATED STATES OF MICRONESIA, 2016. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION 2018; 34:143-146. [PMID: 31414080 PMCID: PMC6693636 DOI: 10.2987/18-6728.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In response to an outbreak of Zika virus that started in February 2016 on Kosrae Island, Kosrae State, Federated States of Micronesia, we conducted entomological investigations, including a survey to characterize the mosquito fauna on Kosrae, from November 29 to December 8, 2016. Mosquitoes were collected using several surveillance methods in order to sample all stages of the mosquito life cycle. Eggs were collected using ovicups, larvae and pupae were sampled using standard dippers, and adults were collected using aspirators and Biogents-2 Sentinel traps. All species previously recorded from Kosrae State were found in the current survey, confirming their continued presence on the island. Aedes aegypti was detected on Lelu Island, representing a new municipal record. The collection of Ae. vexans nocturnus represents a new species record for Kosrae, increasing the number of known taxa on this island from 6 to 7. The report herein provides updated knowledge of the mosquitoes that occur on Kosrae State, Federated States of Micronesia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominic A Rose
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Arbovirus Diseases Branch, 3156 Rampart Road, Fort Collins, CO 80521
| | - Marvin S Godsey
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Arbovirus Diseases Branch, 3156 Rampart Road, Fort Collins, CO 80521
| | - Ary Faraji
- Salt Lake City Mosquito Abatement District, 2020 North Redwood Road, Salt Lake City, UT 84116
| | - Erik M Ostrum
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Arbovirus Diseases Branch, 3156 Rampart Road, Fort Collins, CO 80521
| | - Harry M Savage
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Arbovirus Diseases Branch, 3156 Rampart Road, Fort Collins, CO 80521
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lopez-Jimena B, Wehner S, Harold G, Bakheit M, Frischmann S, Bekaert M, Faye O, Sall AA, Weidmann M. Development of a single-tube one-step RT-LAMP assay to detect the Chikungunya virus genome. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018; 12:e0006448. [PMID: 29813065 PMCID: PMC5973553 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A single-tube one-step real-time reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay for rapid detection of chikungunya virus (CHIKV) targeting the conserved 6K-E1 target region was developed. The assay was validated with sera collected from a CHIKV outbreak in Senegal in 2015. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS A novel design approach by combining Principal Component Analysis and phylogenetic analysis of 110 available CHIKV sequences and the LAMP oligonucleotide design software LAVA was used. The assay was evaluated with an External Quality Assessment panel from the European Network for Diagnostics of "Imported" Viral Diseases and was shown to be sensitive and specific and did not cross-detect other arboviruses. The limit of detection as determined by probit analysis, was 163 molecules, and 100% reproducibility in the assays was obtained for 103 molecules (7/8 repetitions were positive for 102 molecules). The assay was validated using 35 RNA samples extracted from sera, and results were compared with those obtained by quantitative RT-PCR carried out at the Institut Pasteur Dakar, demonstrating that the RT-LAMP is 100% sensitive and 80% specific, with a positive predictive value of 97% and negative predictive value of 100%. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE The RT-LAMP appeared to show superior performance with material stored for months compared to qRT-PCR and can be therefore recommended for use in infrastructures with poor settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Lopez-Jimena
- Institute of Aquaculture, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Stefanie Wehner
- Institute of Aquaculture, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Graham Harold
- Institute of Aquaculture, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Michaël Bekaert
- Institute of Aquaculture, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Oumar Faye
- Arbovirus and viral haemorrhagic fever unit, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Amadou Alpha Sall
- Arbovirus and viral haemorrhagic fever unit, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Manfred Weidmann
- Institute of Aquaculture, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gopalani SV, Samo M, Soaz S, David WJ, Mori S, Luther XN, Carter KL. Premature Mortality From Noncommunicable Diseases in the Federated States of Micronesia, 2003-2012. Asia Pac J Public Health 2017; 29:171-179. [PMID: 28434247 DOI: 10.1177/1010539517696555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to assess status, and understand burden, of premature and leading causes of deaths from noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM). From 2003 to 2012, ICD-10 coded mortality data from the national Health Information System were analyzed. Proportional mortality was calculated and a ranking list of the leading causes of premature death was produced. Of the 2349 premature deaths reported, 1970 (83.9%) were due to NCDs, and 1680 (71.5%) were from 4 main NCD groups-cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, and chronic respiratory diseases. Diabetes (19.5%), ischemic heart diseases (13.2%), and cerebrovascular diseases (7.1%) were the leading causes of premature deaths. The findings indicate that the burden of premature NCD deaths in FSM is higher than global levels, and existing efforts need to be strengthened to alter their course.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Vali Gopalani
- 1 Department of Health and Social Affairs, Government of the Federated States of Micronesia, Palikir, Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia
| | - Marcus Samo
- 1 Department of Health and Social Affairs, Government of the Federated States of Micronesia, Palikir, Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia
| | - Siocy Soaz
- 1 Department of Health and Social Affairs, Government of the Federated States of Micronesia, Palikir, Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia
| | - Wincener J David
- 1 Department of Health and Social Affairs, Government of the Federated States of Micronesia, Palikir, Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia
| | - Scott Mori
- 1 Department of Health and Social Affairs, Government of the Federated States of Micronesia, Palikir, Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia
| | - X-Ner Luther
- 1 Department of Health and Social Affairs, Government of the Federated States of Micronesia, Palikir, Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia
| | - Karen L Carter
- 2 Statistics for Development Division, Pacific Community, Nouméa, New Caledonia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Pastula DM, Hancock WT, Bel M, Biggs H, Marfel M, Lanciotti R, Laven J, Chen TH, Staples JE, Fischer M, Hills SL. Chikungunya virus disease outbreak in Yap State, Federated States of Micronesia. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0005410. [PMID: 28248978 PMCID: PMC5348043 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chikungunya virus is a mosquito-borne alphavirus which causes an acute febrile illness associated with polyarthralgia. Beginning in August 2013, clinicians from the Yap State Department of Health in the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) identified an unusual cluster of illness which was subsequently confirmed to be chikungunya virus disease. Chikungunya virus disease previously had not been recognized in FSM. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Information from patients presenting to healthcare facilities was collected and analyzed. During August 11, 2013, to August 10, 2014, a total of 1,761 clinical cases were reported for an attack rate of 155 clinical cases per 1,000 population. Among residents of Yap Main Island, 3% were hospitalized. There were no deaths. The outbreak began on Yap Main Island and rapidly spread throughout Yap Main Island and to three neighboring islands. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Chikungunya virus can cause explosive outbreaks with substantial morbidity. Given the increasing globalization of chikungunya virus, strong surveillance systems and access to laboratory testing are essential to detect outbreaks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M. Pastula
- Epidemic Intelligence Service Program Office, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Arboviral Diseases Branch, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases (DVBD), CDC, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - W. Thane Hancock
- Yap State Department of Health, Colonia, Yap State, Federated States of Micronesia
| | - Martin Bel
- Yap State Department of Health, Colonia, Yap State, Federated States of Micronesia
| | - Holly Biggs
- Epidemic Intelligence Service Program Office, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, DVBD, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Maria Marfel
- Yap State Department of Health, Colonia, Yap State, Federated States of Micronesia
| | - Robert Lanciotti
- Arboviral Diseases Branch, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases (DVBD), CDC, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Janeen Laven
- Arboviral Diseases Branch, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases (DVBD), CDC, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Tai-Ho Chen
- Division of Global Migration and Quarantine, CDC, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - J. Erin Staples
- Arboviral Diseases Branch, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases (DVBD), CDC, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Marc Fischer
- Arboviral Diseases Branch, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases (DVBD), CDC, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Susan L. Hills
- Arboviral Diseases Branch, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases (DVBD), CDC, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kenney JL, Burkhalter KL, Scott ML, McAllister J, Lang FE, Webster S, Maduro DJ, Johannes J, Liburd A, Mutebi JP. Entomological Investigations During Early Stages of A Chikungunya Outbreak In the United States Virgin Islands, 2014. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION 2017; 33:8-15. [PMID: 28388320 DOI: 10.2987/16-6619.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
During the 2014 chikungunya (CHIK) outbreak in the Caribbean, we performed entomological surveys on 3 United States Virgin Islands (USVI): St. Croix, St. Thomas, and St. John. We aimed to evaluate the potential for chikungunya virus (CHIKV) transmission in the USVI. The surveys took place between June 19, 2014, and June 29, 2014, during the dry season in USVI. A total of 1,929 adult mosquitoes belonging to 4 species- Culex quinquefasciatus (68.4%), Aedes aegypti (29.7%), Ae. mediovittatus (1.3%), and Ae. sollicitans (<1%)-were detected. Environmental investigations showed that between 73% and 87% of the homes had containers that could serve as mosquito larval habitats. In addition, 47% of the homes did not have air conditioning and between 69% and 79% of homes showed evidence of frequent outdoor activity exhibited by residents. Taken together, these observations suggest a high potential for CHIKV transmission in USVI. The relative abundance of Ae. aegypti on St. John's, St. Thomas, and St. Croix was 21.0, 11.0, and 3.0 mosquitoes/trap per day, respectively, suggesting that the former 2 islands were at the highest risk of CHIKV outbreaks. Insecticide resistance testing detected high levels of resistance to malathion and permethrin in several local populations of Ae. aegypti on St. Croix Island, which suggested that these 2 insecticides should not be used during CHIK outbreaks.
Collapse
|
16
|
Sâmia RR, de Oliveira RL, Moscardini VF, Carvalho GA. Effects of Aqueous Extracts of Copaifera langsdorffii (Fabaceae) on the Growth and Reproduction of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2016; 45:580-587. [PMID: 27143141 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-016-0398-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is considered a pest of maize crops throughout the Western Hemisphere. We report on the effects of aqueous extracts of leaves and bark of Copaifera langsdorffii (Fabaceae) on the biology of S. frugiperda, as an alternative source of natural bioactive molecules for the sustainable management of this pest. Second instars were sprayed with aqueous extracts prepared with 5% (w/v) plant material and/or fed on an artificial diet containing extracts at a concentration equivalent to 0.25% (w/v) for 17 days. Both leaf and bark extracts of C. langsdorffii significantly reduced S. frugiperda food intake, feces, and larval weight and caused a delay in larval development. Additionally, C. langsdorffii-based extracts increased the oviposition period; induced morphological changes in the eggs, including deformation of the corium and malformation of the micropylar and aeropylar regions; and reduced egg viability. But, aqueous extracts of C. langsdorffii exhibited no negative effects on larval and pupal survival, duration of the pupal stage, survival of pupae, sex ratio, longevity, duration of pre-oviposition period, and female fecundity. Aqueous extracts of leaves and bark of C. langsdorffii are promising alternatives for the control of S. frugiperda in maize crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R R Sâmia
- Univ Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG,, 37200-000, Brasil.
| | | | | | - G A Carvalho
- Univ Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG,, 37200-000, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wong SSY, Poon RWS, Wong SCY. Zika virus infection-the next wave after dengue? J Formos Med Assoc 2016; 115:226-42. [PMID: 26965962 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Zika virus was initially discovered in east Africa about 70 years ago and remained a neglected arboviral disease in Africa and Southeast Asia. The virus first came into the limelight in 2007 when it caused an outbreak in Micronesia. In the ensuing decade, it spread widely in other Pacific islands, after which its incursion into Brazil in 2015 led to a widespread epidemic in Latin America. In most infected patients the disease is relatively benign. Serious complications include Guillain-Barré syndrome and congenital infection which may lead to microcephaly and maculopathy. Aedes mosquitoes are the main vectors, in particular, Ae. aegypti. Ae. albopictus is another potential vector. Since the competent mosquito vectors are highly prevalent in most tropical and subtropical countries, introduction of the virus to these areas could readily result in endemic transmission of the disease. The priorities of control include reinforcing education of travellers to and residents of endemic areas, preventing further local transmission by vectors, and an integrated vector management programme. The container habitats of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus means engagement of the community and citizens is of utmost importance to the success of vector control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samson Sai-Yin Wong
- Department of Microbiology, Research Centre for Infection and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Tsetsarkin KA, Chen R, Weaver SC. Interspecies transmission and chikungunya virus emergence. Curr Opin Virol 2016; 16:143-150. [PMID: 26986235 PMCID: PMC4824623 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2016.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) causes severe, debilitating, often chronic arthralgia with high attack rates, resulting in severe morbidity and economic costs to affected communities. Since its first well-documented emergence in Asia in the 1950s, CHIKV has infected millions and, since 2007, has spread widely, probably via viremic travelers, to initiate urban transmission in Europe, the South Pacific, and the Americas. Some spread has been facilitated by adaptive envelope glycoprotein substitutions that enhance transmission by the new vector, Aedes albopictus. Although epistatic constraints may prevent the impact of these mutations in Asian strains now circulating in the Americas, as well as in African CHIKV strains imported into Brazil last year, these constraints could eventually be overcome over time to increase the transmission by A. albopictus in rural and temperate regions. Another major determinant of CHIKV endemic stability in the Americas will be its ability to spill back into an enzootic cycle involving sylvatic vectors and nonhuman primates, an opportunity exploited by yellow fever virus but apparently not by dengue viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin A Tsetsarkin
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rubing Chen
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Scott C Weaver
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), a mosquito-borne alphavirus of increasing public health significance, has caused large epidemics in Africa and the Indian Ocean basin; now it is spreading throughout the Americas. The primary vectors of CHIKV are Aedes (Ae.) aegypti and, after the introduction of a mutation in the E1 envelope protein gene, the highly anthropophilic and geographically widespread Ae. albopictus mosquito. We review here research efforts to characterize the viral genetic basis of mosquito-vector interactions, the use of RNA interference and other strategies for the control of CHIKV in mosquitoes, and the potentiation of CHIKV infection by mosquito saliva. Over the past decade, CHIKV has emerged on a truly global scale. Since 2013, CHIKV transmission has been reported throughout the Caribbean region, in North America, and in Central and South American countries, including Brazil, Columbia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Nicaragua, Panama, Suriname, and Venezuela. Closing the gaps in our knowledge of driving factors behind the rapid geographic expansion of CHIKV should be considered a research priority. The abundance of multiple primate species in many of these countries, together with species of mosquito that have never been exposed to CHIKV, may provide opportunities for this highly adaptable virus to establish sylvatic cycles that to date have not been seen outside of Africa. The short-term and long-term ecological consequences of such transmission cycles, including the impact on wildlife and people living in these areas, are completely unknown.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Higgs
- 1 Biosecurity Research Institute, Kansas State University , Manhattan, Kansas
| | | |
Collapse
|