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Warren SE, Lopez LC, Anthony T, Coco L. Communication Public Health: An Integration of Audiology, Speech-Language Pathology, and Public Health. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2024:1-18. [PMID: 39083459 DOI: 10.1044/2024_jslhr-23-00491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Health care is advancing toward a collaborative and integrative approach that promotes general health and wellness while addressing health inequities through the consideration of broader social and economic factors that influence the well-being of the entire population. Recently, there has been growing evidence of public health concept applications in fields related to speech, language, and hearing. However, there is an outstanding need to explicitly define the intersection of public health, including prevention and health promotion, and the discipline of communication sciences and disorders (CSD) across the areas of education, clinical practice, research, and policy. The authors propose a definition for this intersection using the new term communication public health. METHOD This tutorial provides guidance on how to conceptualize communication public health and invites refinement and expansion of the intersection between public health and CSD. Because readers are experts in CSD, this tutorial aims to supplement existing knowledge with information on public health to achieve three main objectives: (a) increase knowledge of the application of public health concepts among speech, language, hearing, and related professionals (SLHP+); (b) introduce the concept of communication public health; and (c) discuss the relevance of communication public health across domains within CSD. The authors utilize the socioecological model to provide examples of applications. RESULTS The concept of communication public health is proposed as the collaborative area of CSD and public health, which encompasses prevention and promotion of equity in communication health through individual-, community-, and population-level efforts. The goals of communication public health are achieved through applications of public health principles in CSD education, clinical practice, research, and policy. CONCLUSION Communication public health defines an area of collaboration between public health and CSD in which SLHP+ can apply public health concepts to both advance communication health and address health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Warren
- School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, The University of Memphis, TN
| | - Leslie C Lopez
- Department of Communication Disorders, School of Allied Health Professions, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans
| | - Teresa Anthony
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa
| | - Laura Coco
- School of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, College of Health and Human Services, San Diego State University, CA
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Müllenmeister C, El-Sayed I, Heinemann S, Schröder D, Müller F, Hummers E, Stölting A, Happle C, Dopfer-Jablonka A, Marotzki U, Schmachtenberg T. Navigating uncertainty: occupational therapists' experiences of Long COVID management in Germany, Austria and Switzerland. Disabil Rehabil 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38958213 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2024.2367603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Long COVID presents global challenges for healthcare professionals. Occupational therapists responded by seeking effective treatment strategies. The approaches of occupational therapists supporting long-haulers in German-speaking countries remain under-explored. The purpose of this study is to explore how occupational therapists in Germany, Austria and Switzerland navigate and apply profession-specific strategies in the new clinical landscape of Long COVID care. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study used qualitative-descriptive design and content analysis to extract insights from seven semi-structured interviews with occupational therapists in inpatient and outpatient settings from three countries. RESULTS Four overarching themes emerged: how Long COVID was encountered within the scope of occupational therapy, the multifaceted repertoire experts used to support long haulers, triumphs and challenges that emerged in Long COVID treatment, and recommendations and opportunities for occupational therapy practice. The results underscore the complex support needed for long-haulers, achieved through a multifaceted occupational therapy repertoire, incorporating client-centred, occupation-focused, and context-referencing strategies with shared decision-making and collaborative therapy planning. CONCLUSIONS Occupational therapy concepts, with their focus on human occupation, may offer new treatment options and strategies for managing emerging conditions such as Long COVID.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iman El-Sayed
- Department of General Practice, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany
| | | | - Dominik Schröder
- Department of General Practice, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Frank Müller
- Department of General Practice, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany
- Department of Family Medicine, MI State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Eva Hummers
- Department of General Practice, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Andrea Stölting
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Christine Happle
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in End-Stage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Germany
| | | | - Ulrike Marotzki
- Faculty of Social Work and Health, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Tim Schmachtenberg
- Department of General Practice, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany
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Horghagen S, Bonsaksen T, Arntzen C, Maass R, Sveen U, Hustoft M, Stigen L. Community-Working Occupational Therapists' Involvement in Research and Development Projects in Norway. Occup Ther Health Care 2024:1-18. [PMID: 38957005 DOI: 10.1080/07380577.2024.2364178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore community-working occupational therapists' involvement in research and development projects. A cross-sectional survey of occupational therapists working in community-based services in Norway (n = 617) was conducted. In all, 117 of the 617 participants responded that they were involved in research and development projects. Greater likelihood of participation in research and development work were found for occupational therapists who had completed further education. Current and prioritized research topics were professional development and the development of interprofessional and professional service designs for occupational therapy. Service and quality development, rehabilitation and technology were areas where more knowledge was considered needed. To increase the growth and success of occupational therapy research and development, it is important that more occupational therapists in the municipality continue to complete further education. High-quality occupational therapy practice should be based on research and development projects in the municipalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sissel Horghagen
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tore Bonsaksen
- Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
- Department of Health, VID Specialized University, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Cathrine Arntzen
- Centre for Care Research, North, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Health and Care Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Rucca Maass
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Unni Sveen
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Prosthetics and Orthotics, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Merete Hustoft
- Western Norway University of Applied Sciences and Regional Centre for habilitation and rehabilitation in Western, Norway
| | - Linda Stigen
- Department of Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Gjøvik, Norway
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Lucas Molitor W, Naber A, Duncan K, Wall J, Wookey H, Steineke T. Health Prevention Interventions for Adults in the Community: A Scoping Review of Intervention Characteristics. Occup Ther Health Care 2024; 38:385-399. [PMID: 37210631 DOI: 10.1080/07380577.2023.2212288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
This scoping review was designed to determine which adults receive preventative health interventions, the types of interventions for modifiable risk factors, the health professionals, including occupational therapy practitioners providing these interventions, and where they are delivered to adults in the community. The databases searched were PubMed, Ageline, and CINAHL and included research meeting the inclusion criteria and published between 2016-2021. All included studies addressed health prevention. 5,399 articles were screened with 83 of these included in the final review. Older adults, White and Black individuals, and females were the most prevalent individuals and groups to receive health prevention interventions and occupational therapy professionals were involved in 5% of the reviewed studies. As there is a need for preventative health interventions to help reduce negative health outcomes and occupational therapy professionals have important skills in health prevention this study illustrates the types of health prevention provided to adults receiving intervention in the community and points to areas of opportunity for occupational therapy professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Allison Naber
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of SD, Vermillion, SD, USA
| | - Karlee Duncan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of SD, Vermillion, SD, USA
| | - Jenna Wall
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of SD, Vermillion, SD, USA
| | - Hunter Wookey
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of SD, Vermillion, SD, USA
| | - Tanner Steineke
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of SD, Vermillion, SD, USA
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Pociask FD, Adamo DE, DiZazzo-Miller R. Physical Fitness and Cognitive Function in Persons with Dementia and their Caregiver. Occup Ther Health Care 2024; 38:331-346. [PMID: 38385311 DOI: 10.1080/07380577.2024.2318567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
A cross-sectional design investigated the physical attributes of 15 dyads of people with dementia and their caregivers. Physical and cognitive markers determined deviations from clinical thresholds for loss of functional independence, where 100% of participants performed below criterion-referenced threshold values for aerobic endurance. Walking distance for people with dementia was associated with bath/shower activity (p = .007), transfers (p < .001), and mobility (p = .013). Less distance walked was associated with more assistance with self-care tasks. Physical deficits associated with low aerobic endurance and lower body strength compromised independence, placing dyads at risk for falls and mobility-related health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrick D Pociask
- Department of Health Care Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Diane E Adamo
- Department of Health Care Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
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Ochoa L, Skubik-Peplaski C. Occupational Therapists' Beliefs and Experiences Managing Chronic Pain, Wellness, and Occupational Performance. OTJR-OCCUPATION PARTICIPATION AND HEALTH 2024; 44:139-147. [PMID: 37114718 DOI: 10.1177/15394492231164945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Chronic disease prevention, health, and wellness have become primary practice areas for occupational therapy. Occupational therapists (OTs) in pain rehabilitation are established as essential members of comprehensive and multidisciplinary pain management teams, focusing on increasing occupational performance through participation. This study's purpose was to investigate OTs' experiences managing chronic pain and to explore OTs' effectiveness in supporting clients' wellness and occupational performance through interventions. Eleven OTs (n = 11) participated with three themes emerging on chronic pain, interventions, and holistic teams. Findings suggest that OTs are successful at treating chronic pain, supporting wellness and occupational performance when their interventions are health-promoting, and clients are enabled to take an active role in their chronic pain management. This study demonstrates the critical impact OTs can have in multidisciplinary teams on clients' outcomes, such as increased occupational performance, wellness, and quality of life (QOL) through engagement in meaningful occupations.
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Chitapi UM, van Niekerk L, Blank A. Scoping review of women with disabilities' livelihood occupation experiences: An equity perspective. Work 2024; 77:735-753. [PMID: 37781835 DOI: 10.3233/wor-220348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, persons with disabilities are faced with unemployment and reduced income opportunities. Barriers to employment tend to be severe for women with disabilities who occupy marginalized positions in labor markets. 'Livelihood occupations' are conceptualized for this review to denote everyday activities that are done for subsistence and survival, and to broaden presentations of activities normally termed 'work', 'employment', 'job' or 'productivity' that people do to earn money and non-monetary gain. OBJECTIVE This scoping review, undertaken as part of a broader interpretive phenomenological analysis of livelihood occupations of women with disabilities, maps research on the subject of livelihood occupations for women with disabilities. METHODS The Arksey and O'Malley framework and PRISMA extension for scoping reviews were utilized to guide the five stage scoping strategy used to screen and select sources. Data from selected sources were synthesized using deductive qualitative content analysis to fit experiential components into equity categories determined a-priori from the Equitable Total Rewards model, to determine if these experiences connote equity or lack thereof. RESULTS Nineteen sources, mainly from high income countries, are identified. Aspects of benefit and career inequity were largely evident in the experiences of the women across all sources. CONCLUSION There is considerable lack of research on experiences of livelihood occupations in low and middle income countries contexts justifying further research. Women with disabilities report experiencing inability to realize career goals and occupational choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Unity M Chitapi
- Ingutsheni Central Hospital, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lana van Niekerk
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Alison Blank
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Physiotherapy and Nutritional Therapy, University of Worcester, Worcester, UK
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Fang Y, Roll SC. Work and Industry Occupational Therapy Career Pathways: Understanding an Underrepresented Practice Area. OTJR-OCCUPATION PARTICIPATION AND HEALTH 2023:15394492231213253. [PMID: 38006240 DOI: 10.1177/15394492231213253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
The involvement of occupational therapy (OT) providers in work and industry (W&I) has noticeably diminished despite the historical and ontological connection between work and occupation. Clear career expectations are necessary to introduce and retain the OT workforce in this underrepresented yet essential practice area. This study aimed to describe OT practitioners' experiences exploring and developing careers in the W&I practice area. We used an inductive thematic analysis in a multi-step, iterative process to explore experiences shared through comments and stories in response to an open-ended question in a cross-sectional online survey. Four semantic-level themes emerged, including career pathways, accumulation of expertise, professional identity, and challenges in W&I practice. Novel career paths revealed in the article underlined the limited recognition of W&I practice in OT. Structured career planning support is needed to promote the growth of this practice area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Fang
- Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Shawn C Roll
- Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
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Bal MI, Hilberink SR, Roelofs PPDM, van der Slot WMA, Bentvelsen L, Miedema HS, Roebroeck ME. Effect evaluation of a vocational rehabilitation program for young adults with chronic physical conditions at risk for unemployment: A controlled clinical trial. Scand J Occup Ther 2023; 30:1292-1302. [PMID: 37378582 DOI: 10.1080/11038128.2023.2228019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The work participation of young adults with chronic physical conditions lag behind compared to healthy age-mates. 'At Work' is a vocational rehabilitation intervention provided by occupational therapists, that supports them for entering the competitive labour market after graduating post-secondary education. AIM To evaluate the effects of 'At Work' on self-efficacy, work-ability and employment status as compared to usual care. MATERIALS AND METHODS In total, 88 young adults were included in a multicentre controlled trial; 49 entered 'At Work', 39 received usual care. GEE-analyses were applied. RESULTS Scores on all outcome measures substantially improved over time in the intervention group, but no significant effects were found as compared to the control group. The effect on general self-efficacy showed a positive trend in favour of the intervention group. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE Unlike previous study results pointing to positive outcomes of At Work', the current study did not support the effectiveness of this program on work-related self-efficacy, work-ability and paid employment, as compared to usual care. Yet, we did find an indication for positive intervention effect on general self-efficacy, which is known to be an important capacity to achieve social participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjolijn I Bal
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Research Center Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sander R Hilberink
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Research Center Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pepijn P D M Roelofs
- Research Center Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wilma M A van der Slot
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Rijndam Rehabilitation, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Harald S Miedema
- Research Center Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marij E Roebroeck
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Rijndam Rehabilitation, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Hull OJ, Breckler OD, Jaegers LA. Integrated Safety and Health Promotion among Correctional Workers and People Incarcerated: A Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6104. [PMID: 37372691 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20126104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Improving safety and health for correctional workers and people who are incarcerated are widespread yet separate initiatives. Correctional workers and people who are incarcerated experience similar challenges involved with poor workplaces and living conditions, including mental health crises, violence, stress, and chronic health issues, and the available resources lack integration with respect to safety and health promotion. This scoping review sought to contribute to an integrated approach for correctional system safety and health resources and identify studies of correctional resources that address health promotion among correctional workers and people who are incarcerated. Guided by PRISMA, a search of gray literature, also termed peer-reviewed literature, published between 2013-2023 (n = 2545) was completed, and 16 articles were identified. Resources primarily targeted individual and interpersonal levels. At every level of intervention, resources improved the environment for both workers and those incarcerated, with trends of less conflict, more positive behaviors, and improved relations, access to care, and feelings of safety. The corrections environment is impacted by changes from both workers and people who are incarcerated and should be examined using a holistic approach. Future health and safety resources should target the larger correctional environment by utilizing practices, policies, and procedures to improve safety and health for incarcerated people and workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia J Hull
- Occupational Therapy Doctorate Program, Johnson & Wales University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Olivia D Breckler
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Findlay University, Findlay, OH 45840, USA
| | - Lisa A Jaegers
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
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Zheng Y, You T, Du R, Zhang J, Peng T, Liang J, Zhao B, Ou H, Jiang Y, Feng H, Yilifate A, Lin Q. The Effect of Non-immersive Virtual Reality Exergames Versus Band Stretching on Cardiovascular and Cerebral Hemodynamic Response: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:902757. [PMID: 35903784 PMCID: PMC9314640 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.902757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exercise is one of the effective ways to improve cognition. Different forms of exercises, such as aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, and coordination exercise, have different effects on the improvement of cognitive impairment. In recent years, exergames based on Non-Immersive Virtual Reality (NIVR-Exergames) have been widely used in entertainment and have gradually been applied to clinical rehabilitation. However, the mechanism of NIVR-Exergames on improving motor cognition has not been clarified. Therefore, the aim of this study is to find whether NIVR-Exergames result in a better neural response mechanism to improve the area of the cerebral cortex related to motor cognition under functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) dynamic monitoring in comparison with resistance exercise (resistance band stretching). Methods A cross-over study design was adopted in this study, and 15 healthy young subjects (18–24 years old) were randomly divided into group A (n = 8) and group B (n = 7) according to a computerized digital table method. Task 1 was an NIVR-Exergame task, and Task 2 was resistance band stretching. Group A first performed Task 1, rested for 30 min (i.e., a washout period), and then performed Task 2. Group B had the reverse order. The fNIRS test was synchronized in real time during exercise tasks, and heart rate measurements, blood pressure measurements, and 2-back task synchronization fNIRS tests were performed at baseline, Post-task 1, and Post-task 2. The primary outcomes were beta values from the general linear model (GLM) in different regions of interest (ROIs), and the secondary outcomes were heart rate, blood pressure, reaction time of 2-back, and accuracy rate of 2-back. Results The activation differences of Task 1 and Task 2 in the right premotor cortex (PMC) (P = 0.025) and the left PMC (P = 0.011) were statistically significant. There were statistically significant differences in the activation of the right supplementary motor area (SMA) (P = 0.007), left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) (P = 0.031), left and right PMC (P = 0.005; P = 0.002) between baseline and Post-task 1. The differences in systolic pressure (SBP) between the two groups at three time points among women were statistically significant (P1 = 0.009, P2 < 0.001, P3 = 0.044). Conclusion In this study, we found that NIVR-Exergames combined with motor and challenging cognitive tasks can promote the activation of SMA, PMC and DLPFC in healthy young people compared with resistance exercise alone, providing compelling preliminary evidence of the power for the rehabilitation of motor and cognitive function in patients with central nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Zheng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Fifth College of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingting You
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Fifth College of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rongwei Du
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Fifth College of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Fifth College of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Peng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Fifth College of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junjie Liang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Fifth College of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Biyi Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Fifth College of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haining Ou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Fifth College of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongchun Jiang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Fifth College of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiping Feng
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Huiping Feng,
| | - Anniwaer Yilifate
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Fifth College of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Anniwaer Yilifate,
| | - Qiang Lin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Fifth College of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qiang Lin,
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Type of Findings Generated by the Occupational Therapy Workforce Research Worldwide: Scoping Review and Content Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095307. [PMID: 35564701 PMCID: PMC9101563 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Occupational therapists are needed to meet the health and occupational needs of the global population, but we know little about the type of findings generated by occupational therapy workforce research conducted worldwide. We aim to synthesize these findings and their range of content to inform future investigations. A scoping review with content analysis was used. Six scientific databases, websites of official institutions, snowballing, and key informants were used for searches. Two independent reviewers took selection decisions against the eligibility criteria published a priori in the review protocol. Of the 1246 unique references detected, 57 papers were included for the last 25 years. A total of 18 papers addressed issues of attractiveness and retention, often in Australia, and 14 addressed the issues of supply, demand, and distribution, often in the US. Only these two categories generated subtopics. Many workforce issues were rarely addressed as a main topic (e.g., race/ethnic representation). Cross-national, cross-regional, or cross-professional studies generated more actionable findings. Overall, we found few discernable trends, minimal evidence of research programs, and various gaps in content coverage or in the use of contemporary research approaches. There is a need for a coordinated strengthening of the occupational therapy workforce research worldwide.
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Jenkins GR, Cunningham D, Barcelli MF, Meoli JG. Transition to wellness: developing a telehealth wellness program to address student fieldwork challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. Mhealth 2022; 8:27. [PMID: 35928512 PMCID: PMC9343972 DOI: 10.21037/mhealth-21-35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Transition to Wellness Program is an occupational therapy (OT) based program that was developed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. For OT students, fieldwork is a required element of their training. In March 2020, these were being halted due to lockdowns and the risk to students in healthcare settings. Facing significant delays to graduation for 60 students, including some unable to be placed into healthcare settings due to underlying conditions, the development of a telehealth program was conceived to address this, while still meeting the accreditation clinical/health/wellness standards for OT fieldwork. A group of students, with faculty oversight, developed the theoretical basis, tools, policies and procedures for the program. An incremental launch allowed testing and refinement of the program to meet the educational needs of the students and the wellness needs of the clients. At its launch, the program supported 10 of that cohorts' 60 students to continue to meet the required academic standards and progress through their fieldwork towards graduation. Each student got to experience the "telehealth" model in providing OT wellness interventions to individuals in the local community. Future work will focus on continuing to broaden the reach of the program and measure the outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin R Jenkins
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Deek Cunningham
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Maya F Barcelli
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jordan Gray Meoli
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
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Wæhrens EE, Nielsen KT, Cutchin M, Fritz H, Jonsson H, la Cour K. Fostering Change Through Occupation-Based Intervention: An International Joint Group Concept Mapping Study. OTJR-OCCUPATION PARTICIPATION AND HEALTH 2021; 42:10-21. [PMID: 34474628 DOI: 10.1177/15394492211038283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Further consolidation and clarity regarding occupation as a means to foster change in interventions are needed. The study aimed to utilize the knowledge of occupational scholars to systematically determine what is required to use occupation as means to foster change within occupation-based interventions and to generate a conceptual model from those results. Group Concept Mapping involved the following: preparation, generation of ideas, structuring of statements, data analysis, interpretation of maps, and development of conceptual model. Fifty-two international occupational scholars brainstormed 125 ideas. A cluster rating map with nine clusters posed the foundation for a conceptual model with seven themes, namely, artful use of occupation, evidence-based use of occupation, collaboration to promote occupation, coordinating intervention fit, client factors, sociocultural context, and structural influences. The conceptual model, capturing dimensions and dynamics required for using occupation to foster change, may guide future research into occupation-based interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Ejlersen Wæhrens
- University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristina Tomra Nielsen
- University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,University College of Northern Denmark, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Malcolm Cutchin
- Pacific Northwest University of Health Sciences, Yakima, WA, USA
| | - Heather Fritz
- Pacific Northwest University of Health Sciences, Yakima, WA, USA
| | - Hans Jonsson
- University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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15
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Lannigan EG, Tyminski Q. Occupational Therapy's Role in Addressing the Psychological and Social Impact of COVID-19. Am J Occup Ther 2021; 75:7511347030p1-7511347030p7. [PMID: 34405802 DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2021.049327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, health care practitioners' primary focus has been on its physical consequences. Yet, the emotional strain of the pandemic exposed the mental health needs of survivors and society as a result of forced changes in occupational choices, habits, and roles. These forced changes caused a collective confusion, fear, loss, and grief. This column focuses on occupational therapy's critical contributions to supporting society's mental health and wellness. Occupational therapy has a unique opportunity to provide interventions to address population-wide mental health and wellness, targeted prevention of mental health concerns for people at risk, and intensive intervention for people with COVID-19-induced mental health diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Griffin Lannigan
- Elizabeth Griffin Lannigan, PhD, OTR/L, FAOTA, is Adjunct Faculty, Occupational Therapy Program, University of New Hampshire, Durham;
| | - Quinn Tyminski
- Quinn Tyminski, OTD, OTR/L, BCMH, is Instructor, Program in Occupational Therapy, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
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16
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VanPuymbrouck L, Carey J, Draper A, Follansbee L. Recognizing Inequity: A Critical Step of Health Literacy for People With Disability. Am J Occup Ther 2021; 75:12521. [PMID: 34780609 DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2021.045492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Receiving accommodations may require a person with physical disability (PWPD) to recognize and address disparate care when it occurs. OBJECTIVE To explore whether PWPDs recognize disparate health care and how their experiences contribute to the development of strategies to access care. DESIGN In this qualitative study, we used grounded theory methods to explore perceptions of PWPDs regarding access to health care. Ten PWPDs participated in three semistructured focus group interviews. The analysis used multiple phases of analysis and methods to ensure rigor. SETTING Focus groups were held at an urban university campus. PARTICIPANTS Four male and six female English speakers who identified as a PWPD in need of a mobility aid and who attended a primary health care visit in the past year. RESULTS Seven thematic categories emerged, representing a continuum of stages for recognizing health care as disparate and strategies to receiving equitable health care for PWPDs: (1) unrecognized experiences of normalization of disability discrimination (NODD), with a subtheme of medicalization; (2) knowing what you need; (3) noticing differences; (4) emerging understanding; (5) learning to take personal action; (6) NODD is systemic; and (7) taking control. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The findings of this study can be used on micro, meso, and macro levels to work toward equitable health care access and outcomes for clients. What This Article Adds: Occupational therapy practitioners can use these findings to understand the health literacy demands of PWPDs in efforts to access equitable health care and, when necessary, educate clients on their potential need for accommodation, rights to care, and development of strategies for requesting accommodations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura VanPuymbrouck
- Laura VanPuymbrouck, PhD, OTR/L, is Assistant Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, Rush University, Chicago, IL;
| | - Jocelynn Carey
- Jocelynn Carey, OTD, OTR/L, is Staff Therapist, Northwestern Illinois Association, St. Charles, IL;
| | - Abby Draper
- Abby Draper, OTD, OTR/L, is Staff Therapist, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN;
| | - Lauren Follansbee
- Lauren Follansbee, OTD, OTR/L, is Staff Therapist, Winston Campus Schools, Palatine, IL;
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17
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Kamalakannan S, Chockalingam M, Sethuraman L, Moorthy SD, Muthuvel T. Occupational Therapy for Reducing Disabilities in Persons with Disabilities in India: A Systematic Review. THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY 2021; 53:4-14. [PMID: 34898825 PMCID: PMC7612085 DOI: 10.4103/ijoth.ijoth_40_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Background The current evidence for occupational therapy practice, teaching, and research is replicated and implemented significantly from high-income countries in India. Therefore, a systematic review and an evaluation of existing evidence for occupational therapy (OT) to reduce disabilities including impairments, activity limitations, and participation restriction in persons with disabilities (PWD) in India are warranted. Objectives The objective of this review was to evaluate the effectiveness of OT interventions for reducing disabilities in PWD in India. Study Design Systematic review. Methods We searched the Cochrane CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, AMED, and Web of Science. A hand search was also carried out in selected Indian journals, OT-specific databases, and repositories, such as Indian Journal of Occupational Therapy, Indian Journal of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, OT Seekers, World Federation of Occupational Therapy Bulletin, Asia Pacific Occupational Therapists Regional Group, and clinical trials registers. The search was restricted to published studies conducted in India during 2000–2021. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of an occupational therapy intervention delivered by OTs for PWD, where the effects of the intervention were evaluated using any relevant disability outcome measure. Studies without access to full text were excluded. Two review authors independently completed screening, and one author reviewed the full text of the screened studies. Another pair of authors extracted data from included studies for prespecified disability outcomes, and two authors assessed the risk of bias in the included studies. Results We identified seven RCTs of occupational therapy interventions for PWD in India with 305 participants in total. All seven studies were very different in terms of their objective, participants, comparison, and outcomes. Allocation concealment and blinding and risk of bias were high in five trials. All the trials reported impairment outcomes with a statistically significant difference between the experimental arm and the control arm in terms of their primary outcomes except one. Given the sample size and the risk of bias in each of the included trials, the effect size has to be understood and interpreted with utmost caution. Conclusion Overall, this review establishes the paucity of evidence for occupational therapy for PWD in India. Building the capacity for rigorous and relevant scientific research in occupational therapy would enable bridging the gaps in evidence for occupational therapy in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sureshkumar Kamalakannan
- South Asia Center for Disability Inclusive Development and Research, Public Health Foundation of India, Indian Institute of Public Health.,Clinical and Pubilc Health Research, India Alliance (DBT - Wellcome Trust)
| | | | | | - Shobana Devi Moorthy
- Department for Child Development, Smart Sensory Kids, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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18
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Little LM, Pickett KA, Proffitt R, Cason J. Keeping Pace With 21 st Century Healthcare: A Framework for Telehealth Research, Practice, and Program Evaluation in Occupational Therapy. Int J Telerehabil 2021; 13:e6379. [PMID: 34345350 PMCID: PMC8287707 DOI: 10.5195/ijt.2021.6379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of telehealth to deliver occupational therapy services rapidly expanded during the COVID-19 pandemic. There are frameworks to evaluate services delivered through telehealth; however, none are specific to occupational therapy. Therefore, occupational therapy would benefit from a framework to systematically evaluate components of telehealth service delivery and build evidence to demonstrate the distinct value of occupational therapy. The PACE Framework outlines four priority domains to address areas of need: (1) Population and Health Outcomes; (2) Access for All Clients; (3) Costs and Cost Effectiveness; and (4) Experiences of Clients and Occupational Therapy Practitioners. This article describes the development and expert reviewer evaluation of the PACE Framework. In addition, the PACE Framework's domains, subdomains, and outcome measure examples are described along with future directions for implementation in occupational therapy research, practice, and program evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jana Cason
- Spalding University, Louisville, KY, USA
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19
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Vieira ER, Richard L, da Silva RA. Perspectives on Research and Health Practice in Physical and Occupational Therapy in Geriatrics during and Post COVID-19. PHYSICAL & OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY IN GERIATRICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/02703181.2020.1786906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Ramos Vieira
- Department of Physical Therapy, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Lynne Richard
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Rubens A. da Silva
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Quebec in Chicoutimi, Saguenay, Canada
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