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Torres G, Gordon NF, Constantinou D. Cardio-Respiratory Fitness and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Among South African Medical Students. Am J Lifestyle Med 2023; 17:791-798. [PMID: 38511115 PMCID: PMC10948929 DOI: 10.1177/15598276221089888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors have been associated with CVD mortality, and physicians use CVD risk factor profiles (smoking, dyslipidemia, hypertension, etc.) to address patient health. Furthermore, cardio-respiratory fitness (CRF) has been shown to be an independent risk factor for CVD and all-cause mortality. Cardio-respiratory fitness is also the risk factor that contributes the highest percentage to all-cause deaths when compared to other traditional risk factors. In addition, studies have reported that adding CRF to established CVD risk factors improves the precision of prediction for CVD morbidity and mortality. Medical students tend to adopt sedentary and unhealthy lifestyles during the course of their education that negatively affect CVD risk factors and CRF. The majority of research on CVD risk, health status and lifestyle factors of medical students has used self-reported data and questionnaires for CVD risk factors and not included CRF in the health status measurements. In addition, studies have found that future medical doctors' own health and lifestyle practices influence their counselling activities. Allowing future medical doctors to assess their personal CVD risk factors and CRF may thus be important in their use of physical activity counselling with patients' lifestyle management for health benefits and improvement. A descriptive, cross-sectional cohort study design was used with the aim to determine CVD risk factors using CRF measures and physical activity levels in a cohort of South African medical students. The most significant finding was that they were not meeting the PA levels recommended to maintain health and lower CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Torres
- Centre for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand Faculty of Science, Johannesburg, South Africa GT,NG,DC and INTERVENT International, LLC, Medical and Science Office, Savannah, GA, USA NG and International Federation of Sports Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland GT,DC
| | - Neil F Gordon
- Centre for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand Faculty of Science, Johannesburg, South Africa GT,NG,DC and INTERVENT International, LLC, Medical and Science Office, Savannah, GA, USA NG and International Federation of Sports Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland GT,DC
| | - Demitri Constantinou
- Centre for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand Faculty of Science, Johannesburg, South Africa GT,NG,DC and INTERVENT International, LLC, Medical and Science Office, Savannah, GA, USA NG and International Federation of Sports Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland GT,DC
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Wang J, Liu M, Bai J, Chen Y, Xia J, Liang B, Wei R, Lin J, Wu J, Xiong P. Prevalence of common mental disorders among medical students in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1116616. [PMID: 37719741 PMCID: PMC10501456 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1116616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of mental distress is common for medical students in China due to factors such as the long duration of schooling, stressful doctor-patient relationship, numerous patient population, and limited medical resources. However, previous studies have failed to provide a comprehensive prevalence of these mental disorders in this population. This meta-analysis aimed to estimate the prevalence of common mental disorders (CMDs), including depression, anxiety, and suicidal behaviors, among medical students in China. Methods We conducted a systematic search for empirical studies on the prevalence of depression, anxiety, suicide attempt, suicide ideation, and suicide plan in Chinese medical students published from January 2000 to December 2020. All data were collected pre-COVID-19. The prevalence and heterogeneity estimations were computed by using a random-effects model and univariate meta-regression analyses. Results A total of 197 studies conducted in 23 provinces in China were included in the final meta-analysis. The prevalence data of depression, anxiety, suicide attempt, suicide ideation, and suicide plan were extracted from 129, 80, 21, 53, and 14 studies, respectively. The overall pooled crude prevalence for depression was 29% [38,309/132,343; 95% confidence interval (CI): 26%-32%]; anxiety, 18% (19,479/105,397; 95% CI: 15%-20%); suicide ideation, 13% (15,546/119,069; 95% CI: 11%-15%); suicide attempt, 3% (1,730/69,786; 95% CI: 1%-4%); and suicide plan, 4% (1,188/27,025; 95% CI: 3%-6%). Conclusion This meta-analysis demonstrated the high prevalence of CMDs among Chinese medical students. Further research is needed to identify targeted strategies to improve the mental health of this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxingyi Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Min Liu
- Zhuhai Center for Maternal and Child Health Care, Zhuhai Women and Children's Hospital, Zhuhai, China
| | - Jian Bai
- School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhan Chen
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Xia
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Baolin Liang
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruixuan Wei
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayin Lin
- School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiajun Wu
- School of Nursing, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Xiong
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Yu L, Wu Y, Guo C, Qiao Q, Wang X, Zang S. Latent profile analysis for health-related quality of life, sleep quality, morning and evening type, and internet addiction among medical students. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11247. [PMID: 37438416 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38302-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Health-related quality of life, sleep quality, morning and evening types, and internet addiction are of significant importance to the development of medical students, yet they have rarely been studied. Taking this into consideration, the study aimed to confirm latent profiles in health-related quality of life, sleep quality, morning and evening types, and internet addiction in medical students and investigate the characteristics of participants in each profile to provide suggestions for students' health. This was an observational cross-sectional study including 1221 medical student subjects at China Medical University in 2019. Multiple correspondence analysis was the initial step to verify the correspondence, dispersion, and approximation of variable categories. Latent profile analysis was used to identify the multiple correspondences between the levels of variables. Three profiles were found, including: (1) The Low sleep quality profile was characterized by the lowest sleep quality among the three existing profiles. (2) The High health-related quality of life and Low internet addiction profile was characterized by the highest level of health-related quality of life but the lowest level of internet addiction. (3) The Low health-related quality of life and High internet addiction profile was characterized by the highest standardized values of internet addiction but the lowest standardized values of health-related quality of life. This study had important implications for improving student health and supported the medical universities and hospitals in implementing targeted policies based on distinctive student characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yu
- Phase I Clinical Trails Center, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No.155 Nanjing Bei Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yifan Wu
- Department of Community Nursing, School of Nursing, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, China
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, 965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Chaowei Guo
- Department of Community Nursing, School of Nursing, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Qiao Qiao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No.155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Community Nursing, School of Nursing, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shuang Zang
- Department of Community Nursing, School of Nursing, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, China.
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Barański K, Szemik S, Kaleta-Pilarska A, Kowalska M. General health and its relation to the quality of life and alcohol consumption in a Polish cohort of medical students - preliminary results of POLLEK survey. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1178124. [PMID: 37469698 PMCID: PMC10352118 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1178124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction First-year students of medicine are at higher risk of stress related to the new environment and study overload. Such factors can play a role and have an impact on their quality of life and general health status which can cause possible problems with alcohol use. The aim of the study is to assess the relationship between mentioned factors in the Polish cohort of first-year medical students. Materials and methods The quality of life has been assessed within the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire, the general health status was assessed via GHQ28, and alcohol consumption was assessed the by AUDIT questionnaire. Due to the lack of signature informed consent and lack of data, 381 (72%) students out of 525 were included in the final analysis. Result The majority of the 1-year students were females 68%; (n = 259) vs. 32% (n = 122) males. Half of the students had lowered risk of distress. However, females had a higher risk of having higher scores in GHQ-28 than males. In relation to the assessment of the quality of life, the students with a lower level of distress (<32 points in GHQ-28) had better results in each WHOQOL domain. There was no association between general health status and alcohol use. For the students who had possible problems with alcohol use the OR was 1.15 95% CI (0.73-1.80) and for students who were probably addicted OR was 1.07 95% CI (0.33-3.41). Conclusion The total quality of life in first-year Polish medical students is relatively high; however, half of them suffer because of distress and around 30% have some alcohol problems. Females are more likely to have higher GHQ-28 scores than males.
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Su X, Yang Y, Ren Y, Li J, Wang Q. Mental Distress and Professional Commitment among Chinese Medical Postgraduate Students: A Moderated Mediation of Psychological Capital and the Supervisor-Postgraduate Relationship. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2023; 28:2579-2595. [PMID: 37332157 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2023.2224581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
This study determined the relationship between mental distress and professional commitment among medical postgraduate students, and the roles of psychological capital as a mediator and the supervisor-postgraduate relationship as a moderator. This cross-sectional study recruited 836 medical postgraduate students from eight medical universities and the medical college of comprehensive universities in Guangdong Province, China. Participants were assessed through questionnaires, which covered demographic items, the supervisor-postgraduate relationship scale, the psychological capital questionnaire, the symptom checklist - 90 (SCL -90), and the professional commitment scale. We used descriptive statistics to describe demographics and mental distress and professional commitment scores. Pearson's analysis was used to identify correlations between the variables and the SPSS PROCESS macro was performed to confirm mediating and moderating effects of psychological capital and the supervisor-postgraduate relationship. Mental distress was negatively related with professional commitment (r = -0.262, p < 0.01) and psychological capital (r = -0.442, p < 0.01). Psychological capital was positively associated with professional commitment (r = 0.486, p < 0.01). The confidence interval (CI) suggested that psychological capital mediated the relationship between mental distress and professional commitment (95% CI, -0.198 to - 0.143), and the supervisor-postgraduate relationship had a moderate role between psychological capital and professional commitment (95% CI, 0.069 to -0.212). Hence, educators may refer to these findings to improve professional commitment level among medical postgraduate students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Su
- School of Nursing, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Yao Yang
- School of Nursing, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Yulan Ren
- School of Nursing, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiamei Li
- School of Nursing, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiao Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, TCM-Integrated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
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Douris PC, Hall CA, Jung MK. The relationship between academic success and sleep, stress and quality of life during the first year of physical therapy school. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023; 71:830-835. [PMID: 34242141 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1908310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between academic success and changes in predictor variables of aerobic fitness, sleep, stress and quality of life (QOL) in students enrolled in the first year of a physical therapist education program. Participants: This prospective longitudinal cohort study utilized 37 first-year Doctor of Physical Therapy students. Methods: We investigated the association between grade point average (GPA) and the various predictor variables. A multiple logistic regression model with backward selection was used to predict GPA. GPA greater than or equal to 3.5 or below 3.5 out of a 4.0 scale were used as the dichotomous events. Results: The regression model with the selected-out predictors was a good fit (p = 0.011). About 60% of the variation in the outcome GPA binary can be explained by the selected predictors that were the changes in sleep and QOL. Conclusions: Achieving academic success can be affected by changes in sleep and QOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter C Douris
- Department of Physical Therapy, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, New York, USA
| | - Cheryl A Hall
- Department of Physical Therapy, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, New York, USA
| | - Min-Kyung Jung
- Department of Research, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, New York, USA
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Taylor CE, Scott EJ, Owen K. Physical activity, burnout and quality of life in medical students: A systematic review. CLINICAL TEACHER 2022; 19:e13525. [PMID: 36052814 PMCID: PMC9826463 DOI: 10.1111/tct.13525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical students are at risk of burnout and reduced quality of life (QoL). The risk of burnout doubles from third to sixth year of medical school, and medical students have an 8%-11% lower QoL than nonmedical students. It is imperative to prevent this, as burnout and reduced QoL is independently associated with errors in practice. This systematic review aims to examine whether physical activity/exercise is associated with burnout and/or QoL in medical students. METHODS Articles were identified through database searches of Embase, Medline, PsycINFO, Scopus and Web of Science. Studies were included if both physical activity/exercise and burnout or QoL were measured and limited to those focussing on medical students. Risk of bias was assessed using accredited cohort and cross-sectional checklists. A narrative synthesis was conducted due to heterogeneity in the dataset. FINDINGS Eighteen studies were included, comprising 11,500 medical students across 13 countries. Physical activity was negatively associated with burnout and positively associated with QoL. Furthermore, the findings were suggestive of a dose-response effect of physical activity on both burnout and QoL; higher intensities and frequencies precipitated greater improvements in outcomes. CONCLUSIONS This multinational review demonstrates that physical activity is associated with reduced burnout and improved QoL in medical students. It also identifies a paucity of research into the optimal intensity, frequency, volume and mode of physical activity. Further research, building on this review, is likely to inform the long overdue development of evidence-based, well-being curricula. This could involve incorporating physical activity into medical education which may improve well-being and better prepare students for the demands of medical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emma J. Scott
- Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of WarwickCoventryUK
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Caldeira FID, Cardoso B, Carvalho LDS, Batista Ferreira E, Pigossi SC, Rodriguez LS. Perception of health-related quality of life, sleep quality and sleepiness index in an educational environment at a dental school in Southeast Brazil. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL EDUCATION IN EUROPE 2022; 26:794-800. [PMID: 34951725 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION University entrance is often associated with changes in quality of life, individuals' cognitive and physical behavior. The present study aimed to evaluate health-related quality of life (HRQoL), sleep quality and sleepiness index in dentistry students at a university in Southeast Brazil, in different semesters of their course. MATERIALS AND METHODS Samples were obtained from 55 students from the dentistry course at the Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG). For collecting information, validated SF-36 questionnaires (Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short-Form Health Survey), namely, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), were used as instruments in an educational environment. The relationship between the association of demographic factors and academic performance with SF-36, PSQI and ESS was assessed with an alpha of 0.05. RESULTS The worst HRQoL parameters reported by the participants were observed in the domains of body pain, vitality, general health perception, and limitations due to emotional and social aspects when associated with the investigated variables. Regarding the relative sleep quality index, differences in the PSQI domains were observed when related to demographic factors and academic performance. There was no significant difference in the sleepiness index of these students according to the mean values of the ESS domains. CONCLUSION The SF-36, PSQI and ESS questionnaires indicated that it is a reliable instrument for measuring the impact of quality of life on dentistry students. In addition, dentistry students of UNIFAL-MG had poor indicators of quality of life associated with health and an inadequate index of quality of sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Isnaldo Dias Caldeira
- Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP- Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Bruna Cardoso
- Alfenas Dental School, Federal University of Alfenas- UNIFAL-MG, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Eric Batista Ferreira
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas - UNIFAL-MG, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Suzane Cristina Pigossi
- Alfenas Dental School, Federal University of Alfenas- UNIFAL-MG, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Kirdchok P, Kolkijkovin V, Munsukpol W, Chinvararak C. Prevalence of common mental health problems and associated factors among university students visiting Supara mental health service: A cross-sectional study. F1000Res 2022; 11:1107. [PMID: 37096183 PMCID: PMC10122108 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.126054.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Early studies found that the mental health problems rate was relatively high in university students. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of mental problems and associated factors in university students. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study at Supara mental health service in the Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital between February 2020 to June 2021. The primary outcome was the prevalence of psychiatric diagnosis according to the 10th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10). The secondary assessments included the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), 8 items from the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) to assess suicidal risk (8Q), and the Thai Mental Health Indicator (TMHI-15). The prevalence of mental health problems was presented by frequency and percentage. In addition, multivariable regression analysis was used to identify potential predictors of mental health problems. Results: A total of 184 participants (62% female; mean age = 22.49 years (SD 3.93) were recruited. The depressive disorders, adjustment disorders, and anxiety disorders rates were 57.1%, 15.2% and 13.6%, respectively. Grade point averages (GPAs) below 3.0 (OR=3.09, 95%CI: 1.17-8.14) and a family history of mental disorder (OR=3.40, 95%CI: 1.10-10.48) were significant associated factors of moderate to severe mental health problems. Detecting and screening these factors may help the university to provide early detection and treatment for students. Conclusions: Depressive disorders were the most common mental health disorders. Females, low GPAs and a family history of mental disorder were predictors of moderate to severe mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pantri Kirdchok
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand
| | - Varuna Kolkijkovin
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand
| | - Wanida Munsukpol
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand
| | - Chotiman Chinvararak
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand
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Abrantes LCS, de Souza de Morais N, Gonçalves VSS, Ribeiro SAV, de Oliveira Sediyama CMN, do Carmo Castro Franceschini S, dos Santos Amorim PR, Priore SE. Physical activity and quality of life among college students without comorbidities for cardiometabolic diseases: systematic review and meta-analysis. Qual Life Res 2022; 31:1933-1962. [PMID: 34800221 PMCID: PMC8605778 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-021-03035-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To systematically review studies on the relationship between physical activity (PA) and quality of life (QOL) in university students without comorbidities for cardiometabolic diseases from around the world. METHODS We included observational studies with university students of both sexes, from public or private institutions, and that investigated the association or correlation between physical activity and quality of life among these students, without delimitation of date, language, or location. Reviews, letters to the editors, studies with qualitative methodologies, case studies, book chapters, articles with college students who had some specific disease or condition, such as obesity, diabetes, and others; studies with children of parents with chronic diseases, and those that were institutions aimed only at very specific populations, were excluded. Meta-analysis was calculated. RESULTS Thirty studies, consisting of 19,731 students, were included. The most commonly used instruments to assess the quality of life of the university population were the Quality of Life Questionnaire-short version (WHOQOL-BREF), and the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was the most commonly used instrument to assess PA. For the meta-analysis, 22 studies were included. Weak but positive correlations were found between PA and the QOL domains: physical health (0.16. 95% CI 0.11 0.22; I2 = 99.96%); mental health (0.14; 95% CI 0.07-0.20; I2 = 99.97%); social relations (0.24, 95% CI 0.08-0. 38; I2 = 99.99%); environment (0.23, 95% CI 0.14-0.32; I2 = 99.90%); vitality (0.17. 95% CI 0.15-0.20; I2 = 99.49%) pain (0.02. 95% CI - 0.02 to 0.12; I2 = 99.96%); QOL and PA (0.21, 95% CI 0.08-0.34; I2 = 99.99%).An association of R = 0.60 (95% CI 0.25-0.95; I2 = 85.61%) was found between QOL and PA in total. CONCLUSION The results of our study showed a weak but positive relationship between physical activity and overall quality of life in college students, and also between PA and the domains of QL: physical health, social relationships, mental health, environment, and vitality, in this same population. It is important to study this population, since risk behaviors in this phase tend to perpetuate in the other phases of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lívia Carvalho Sette Abrantes
- Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, Brazil
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Ed. Biological Sciences Center II, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, S/no., University Campus, Viçosa, MG CEP: 36570-900 Brazil
| | - Núbia de Souza de Morais
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Ed. Biological Sciences Center II, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, S/no., University Campus, Viçosa, MG CEP: 36570-900 Brazil
| | | | - Sarah Aparecida Vieira Ribeiro
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Ed. Biological Sciences Center II, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, S/no., University Campus, Viçosa, MG CEP: 36570-900 Brazil
| | | | - Sylvia do Carmo Castro Franceschini
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Ed. Biological Sciences Center II, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, S/no., University Campus, Viçosa, MG CEP: 36570-900 Brazil
| | | | - Silvia Eloiza Priore
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Ed. Biological Sciences Center II, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, S/no., University Campus, Viçosa, MG CEP: 36570-900 Brazil
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Yue CL, Ge X, Liu M, Zhang B, Koda S, Yan C. The association between physical activity and mental health in medical postgraduates in China during COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1036414. [PMID: 36532177 PMCID: PMC9755329 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1036414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chinese medical postgraduates (CMPs) are a special subpopulation that has a great risk of mental health due to high workload, and heavy academic and clinical pressure during the COVID-19 pandemic. Physical activity has been demonstrated to be positive for the mental health of human being. However, little is known about the risks to mental health among CMPs as well as the potential effects of physical activity on mental health in CMPs during the COVID-19 pandemic. AIMS In the present study, the aims are to (1) investigate the levels of PA and mental health that CMPs had; (2) to identify the potential factors that contribute to mental health among CMPs; (3) to explore the potential effects of PA on the mental health in CMPs. METHODS The survey was conducted online across 25 provinces of mainland China in 28 medical colleges or universities with structured questionnaires. Physical Activity Rating Scale-3 (PARS-3), Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scales (DASS-21), and General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) were employed to assess the levels of PA, Negative emotional states, and self-efficacy of the participants, respectively. Resilience was evaluated using Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). The chi-square and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests were used to compare inter-group differences in demographic data and mental health conditions. Spearman's rank correlation test and partial correlation analysis were used to assess associations between exercise scores and mental health. RESULTS We found some socio-demographic variables such as the location, education levels of parents and the levels of degrees they are training had potential effects on outcomes of mental health among 2,217 CMPs (P < 0.05); furthermore, we also found that PA was negatively correlated with the negative emotion (r = -0.045, P < 0.05) such as depression (r = -0.052, P < 0.05), anxiety and stress, (r = -0.051, P < 0.05) but positively correlated with the self-efficacy (r = 0.143, P < 0.001) and resilience (r = 0.192, P < 0.001) among Chinese postgraduate medical students. CONCLUSION We concluded that for Chinese postgraduate medical students, taking part in physical activity would depress negative emotions such as depression, anxiety, and stress, but improve their self-efficacy and resilience, which will benefit them in completing their studies and training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Ling Yue
- Personnel Division of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xing Ge
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Man Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Beibei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Stephane Koda
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chao Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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Kirdchok P, Kolkijkovin V, Munsukpol W, Chinvararak C. Prevalence of common mental health problems and associated factors among university students visiting Supara mental health service: A cross-sectional study. F1000Res 2022; 11:1107. [PMID: 37096183 PMCID: PMC10122108.2 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.126054.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Early studies found that the mental health problems rate was relatively high in university students. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of mental problems and associated factors in university students. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study at Supara mental health service in the Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital between February 2020 to June 2021. The primary outcome was the prevalence of psychiatric diagnosis according to the 10th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10). The secondary assessments included the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), 8 items from the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) to assess suicidal risk (8Q), and the Thai Mental Health Indicator (TMHI-15). The prevalence of mental health problems was presented by frequency and percentage. In addition, multivariable regression analysis was used to identify potential predictors of mental health problems. Results: A total of 184 participants (62% female; mean age = 22.49 years (SD 3.93) were recruited. The depressive disorders, adjustment disorders, and anxiety disorders rates were 57.1%, 15.2% and 13.6%, respectively. Grade point averages (GPAs) below 3.0 (OR=3.09, 95%CI: 1.17-8.14) and a family history of mental disorder (OR=3.40, 95%CI: 1.10-10.48) were significant associated factors of moderate to severe mental health problems. Detecting and screening these factors may help the university to provide early detection and treatment for students. Conclusions: Depressive disorders were the most common mental health disorders. Females, low GPAs and a family history of mental disorder were predictors of moderate to severe mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pantri Kirdchok
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand
| | - Varuna Kolkijkovin
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand
| | - Wanida Munsukpol
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand
| | - Chotiman Chinvararak
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand
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Liu Z, Liu R, Zhang Y, Zhang R, Liang L, Wang Y, Wei Y, Zhu R, Wang F. Latent class analysis of depression and anxiety among medical students during COVID-19 epidemic. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:498. [PMID: 34641795 PMCID: PMC8506472 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03459-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global public health emergency that has caused worldwide concern. The mental health of medical students under the COVID-19 epidemic has attracted much attention. This study aims to identify subgroups of medical students based on depression and anxiety and explore the influencing factors during the COVID-19 epidemic in China. METHODS A total of 29,663 medical students were recruited during the epidemic of COVID-19 in China. Depression and anxiety symptoms were assessed using Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD7) respectively. Latent class analysis was performed based on depression and anxiety symptoms in medical students. The latent class subtypes were compared using the chi-square test. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine associations between identified classes and related factors. RESULTS In this study, three distinct subgroups were identified, namely, the poor mental health group, the mild mental health group and the low symptoms group. The number of medical students in each class is 4325, 9321 and 16,017 respectively. The multinomial logistic regression results showed that compared with the low symptoms group, the factors influencing depression and anxiety in the poor mental health group and mild mental health group were sex, educational level, drinking, individual psychiatric disorders, family psychiatric disorders, knowledge of COVID-19, fear of being infected, and participate in mental health education on COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested that latent class analysis can be used to categorize different medical students according to their depression and anxiety symptoms during the outbreak of COVID-19. The main factors influencing the poor mental health group and the mild mental health group are basic demographic characteristics, disease history, COVID-19 related factors and behavioural lifestyle. School administrative departments can carry out targeted psychological counseling according to different subgroups to promote the physical and mental health of medical students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Liu
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884School of Public health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning China
| | - Rongxun Liu
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029 People’s Republic of China ,grid.412990.70000 0004 1808 322XSchool of Medical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan China
| | - Yue Zhang
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884School of Public health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning China
| | - Ran Zhang
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Liang
- grid.412636.4Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning China ,grid.443397.e0000 0004 0368 7493Department of Psychology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan China
| | - Yang Wang
- grid.411907.a0000 0001 0441 5842Psychology Institute, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Huhehaote, Inner Mongolia China
| | - Yange Wei
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029 People’s Republic of China
| | - Rongxin Zhu
- Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fei Wang
- Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Psychiatry and Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. .,Nanjing Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China.
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Almhdawi KA, Kanaan SF, Khader Y, Al-Hourani Z, Al-Jarrah MD, Almomani F, Alqhazo MT. Mental and physical health-related quality of life and their associated factors among students of a comprehensive allied health institution. Work 2021; 70:63-73. [PMID: 34602492 DOI: 10.3233/wor-205226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare students are subjected to critical levels of mental and physical stress that might hinder their quality of life. OBJECTIVES This study comprehensively investigated physical and mental Health-related Quality of Life (HR-QoL) and their associated factors among Allied Health (AH) students of nine academic majors. METHODS Participants completed anonymous questionnaire included demographics and life style, HR-QoL measured by the 12-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12), Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS21), and Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. SF-12 Physical (PCS) and Mental (MCS) Components Summary scores were compared between gender and between academic majors. Multiple linear regressions were conducted to examine factor associated with PCS and MCS scores. RESULTS A total of 838 students (77.4% females) participated in the study. The overall PCS was 45.64±7.93 and statistically different between majors (P < 0.001). The Overall MCS score was 39.45±10.86 and statistically greater in males (P < 0.001). PCS scores were significantly associated with anxiety score, GPA, diet self-evaluation, and upper back and hip musculoskeletal pain. MCS scores were significantly associated with weekly clinical training hours, stress score, depression score, gender, university year, GPA, sleep self-evaluation, diet self-evaluation, and neck musculoskeletal pain. CONCLUSIONS Low levels of mental and physical HR-QoL were observed among AH students and were associated with academic-related, health-related, and lifestyle-related factors. Longitudinal studies are needed to assess effective approaches to improve HR-QoL among AH students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khader A Almhdawi
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences-Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan
| | - Saddam F Kanaan
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences-Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan
| | - Yousef Khader
- Professor of Epidemiology, Medical Education and Biostatistics, Faculty Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan
| | - Zeid Al-Hourani
- Department of Applied Dental Science-Dental Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan
| | - Muhammed D Al-Jarrah
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences-Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan
| | - Fidaa Almomani
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences-Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan
| | - Mazin T Alqhazo
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences-Speech Pathology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan
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Psychological Consequences of the COVID-19 Disease among Physicians and Medical Students: A Survey in Kerman Province, Iran, in 2020. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND EPIDEMIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.52547/johe.10.4.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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16
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Almhdawi KA, Alazrai A, Obeidat D, Altarifi AA, Oteir AO, Aljammal AH, Arabiat AA, Alrabbaie H, Jaber H, Almousa KM. Healthcare students' mental and physical well-being during the COVID-19 lockdown and distance learning. Work 2021; 70:3-10. [PMID: 34487002 DOI: 10.3233/wor-205309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sudden shift into distance learning during the coronavirus (COVID-19) lockdown might have impacted university students' well-being. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate undergraduate healthcare university students' health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and its predictors during COVID-19. METHODS A cross-sectional study used an online self-administered questionnaire. The study targeted undergraduate medical, dental, pharmacy, and nursing students at Jordanian universities. Data collected included demographics,12-item Short Form health survey (SF-12), students' evaluation of distance learning, Neck Disability Index (NDI), Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS21), and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Descriptive analyses were conducted to summarize primary outcome measures data. Predictors of HRQoL were determined using a multiple variable regression analysis. RESULTS In total, 485 university students successfully completed this study with a mean age of 20.6 (±2.0). Participants' HRQoL level measured by SF-12 mean scores were 66.5 (±20.2) for physical health component and 44.8 (±21.2) for mental health component. The regression model explained 65.5% of the variation (r2 = 0.655, F = 127.8, P < 0.001) in participants' HRQoL. Factors significantly associated with HRQoL included depression, neck disability index score, stress, health self-evaluation, average of satisfaction with distance learning, IPAQ score, and weekly studying hours. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that healthcare students had a relatively low level of HRQoL during COVID-19 pandemic in Jordan. Academic and non-academic factors associated with HRQoL were identified and should be considered by healthcare educational institutions for better academic planning in future similar pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khader A Almhdawi
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan
| | - Alza Alazrai
- Rehabilitation Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan
| | - Donia Obeidat
- Rehabilitation Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan
| | - Ahmad A Altarifi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan
| | - Alaa O Oteir
- Department of Allied Medical Sciences-Paramedics, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan
| | - Ashraf H Aljammal
- Department of Computer Science and Applications, Faculty of Prince Al-Hussein Bin Abdallah II for Information Technology, The Hashemite University, Jordan
| | - Alaa A Arabiat
- Department of Family Medicine, The Jordanian Ministry of Health, Jordan
| | - Hassan Alrabbaie
- Rehabilitation Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan
| | - Hanan Jaber
- Rehabilitation Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan
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Alves JVDS, Paula WD, Netto PRR, Godman B, Nascimento RCRMD, Coura-Vital W. Prevalence and factors associated with anxiety among university students of health sciences in Brazil: findings and implications. JORNAL BRASILEIRO DE PSIQUIATRIA 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/0047-2085000000322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective The aim was to evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with anxiety disorders among university students of health sciences at Federal University of Ouro Preto, Brazil. Methods A cross-sectional study between March to June 2019. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire including sociodemographic, academic, family and behavioral issues. The Beck Anxiety Inventory was used to assess anxiety. Estimates were obtained through the prevalence ratio and Poisson multivariate analysis. Results Four hundred and ninety-three students participated with a mean age of 23.1 and predominantly women (79.9%). All students had some degree of anxiety, with the frequency of the severe, moderate and mild forms being 28.0%, 29.8% and 27.0%, respectively. The factors associated with anxiety included having suffered psychological and/or physical violence in childhood, having suicidal thoughts, having a deceased parent, living with parents, being dissatisfied with the course and being in the exam period. Conclusions The prevalence of anxiety was high in our study and family problems prior to entering university seem to significantly influence the degree of anxiety, which may compromise the student’s academic and social performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Wendel Coura-Vital
- Federal University of Ouro Preto, Brazil; Federal University of Ouro Preto, Brazil
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18
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Butcher MR, Thompson KM, Williams MK, Cooke BK, Merlo LJ. Assessment of Student Perspectives on Improving Wellness in Medical School: Qualitative Results from a Cross-Sectional Survey of Medical Students in Florida. ADVANCES IN MEDICAL EDUCATION AND PRACTICE 2021; 12:1067-1079. [PMID: 34584483 PMCID: PMC8464330 DOI: 10.2147/amep.s323332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Helping medical students maintain wellbeing has become an important concern, as many medical students report a decline in their mental health during the course of their training. To improve students' wellbeing, some schools have implemented wellness programs into their curricula. While there is growing research about the effectiveness of these programs, little is known about what medical students themselves desire to support their wellbeing. This study aimed to assess medical student perspectives regarding the most effective ways to promote wellness during medical school. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS To address this gap in the literature, a survey was administered to medical students at the nine medical schools in the state of Florida. Participants included 864 medical students, whose anonymous responses were analyzed descriptively as well as qualitatively to determine major themes. RESULTS Students provided novel suggestions and recommendations, including ideas for curricular additions and changes, cultural changes within schools, promoting positive behaviors and extracurricular activities, and providing resources for students. CONCLUSION Based on the participants' responses, it is evident that wellness is an important issue to medical students and, given the variety of suggestions, schools should strongly consider what wellness changes to implement and whether participation in them should be mandatory. The results of this study will be a resource to medical schools and educators who are considering curricular changes to address medical student wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica R Butcher
- University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | | | | | - Brian K Cooke
- University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Lisa J Merlo
- University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
- Correspondence: Lisa J Merlo University of Florida College of Medicine, PO Box 100256, 1149 Newell Dr, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USATel +1 352 294 4900 Email
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Ghassab-Abdollahi N, Shakouri SK, Aghdam AT, Farshbaf-Khalili A, Abdolalipour S, Farshbaf-Khalili A. Association of quality of life with physical activity, depression, and demographic characteristics and its predictors among medical students. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2020; 9:147. [PMID: 32766332 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical students face a variety of challenges during their years of medical education that can affect their quality of life (QOL). This study aimed to investigate the association of QOL with physical activity (PA), depression, and demographic characteristics, as well as to determine its predictors among medical students in different stages of education. METHODS A cross-sectional descriptive-correlational study was conducted on 186 medical students of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in different educational stages including basic sciences, physiopathology, externship, and internship using stratified random sampling method. Data were collected using demographic questionnaire, International PA Questionnaire, World Health Organization QOL Questionnaire, and Beck depression inventory-2. Data analysis was performed using SPSS/Ver 23 through descriptive and analytic statistics including one-way analysis of variance, independent t-test, Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficient, and multivariate linear regression model. RESULTS There were significant differences in total score of QOL among students in different stages (P < 0.05). There were indirect significant correlations between total score of QOL (β [confidence interval 95%]:-0.85 [-1.11--0.59]) and its all subdomains with Beck depression score but direct significant correlations with total PA (P < 0.05) except for social relationship. Educational stage, employment status, family income, inhabitant, moderate PA, and depression were the predictors of QOL and altogether explained 63% of its variance. CONCLUSIONS To pay attention to the predictors of QOL, life among medical students seems necessary for increasing their QOL to provide high-quality care for people with disabilities as well as for the whole community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafiseh Ghassab-Abdollahi
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Public Health and Management, School of Public Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyed Kazem Shakouri
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | - Somayeh Abdolalipour
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Azizeh Farshbaf-Khalili
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Pokhrel NB, Khadayat R, Tulachan P. Depression, anxiety, and burnout among medical students and residents of a medical school in Nepal: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry 2020; 20:298. [PMID: 32539732 PMCID: PMC7294639 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-02645-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical students and residents were found to have suffered from depression, anxiety, and burnout in various studies. However, these entities have not been adequately explored in the context of Nepal. We proposed to determine the prevalence of depression, anxiety, burnout, their associated factors, and identify their predictors in a sample of medical students and residents in a Nepalese medical school. METHODS It was a cross-sectional study with 651 medical students and residents chosen at random between December 2018 and February 2019. The validated Nepali version of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory, and Medical Students' Stressor Questionnaire were used to assess depression, anxiety, burnout, and stressors respectively. We used univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses to identify the correlation of predictor variables with depression, anxiety, and burnout. RESULTS The overall prevalence of burnout (48.8%; 95% CI 44.9-52.7) and anxiety (45.3%; 95% CI 41.4-49.2) was more than that of depression (31%; 95% CI 27.5-34.7). Burnout and depression were more prevalent in residents than in medical students (burnout: 64.5% vs 37.6%, P-value < 0.0001; depression: 33.7% vs 29.1%, P-value 0.21). Whereas, medical students were found more anxious than residents (46.3% versus 43.96%, P-value 0.55). Academic related stressors caused high-grade stress to participants. Multivariable model for depression significantly showed anxiety, personal burnout, and work-related burnout as risk enhancing correlates; satisfaction with academic performance as a protective correlate. Similarly, the multivariate model for anxiety significantly identified female gender, depression, personal burnout, teaching and learning related stressors, and past history of mental illness as risk enhancing correlates; being satisfied with academic performance, getting adequate sleep, and being a second-year resident as protective correlates. The logistic model for burnout significantly showed being a first-year resident, depression, anxiety, and drive and desire related stressors as positive predictors. None of the variables were identified as significant negative predictors of burnout. CONCLUSIONS A high prevalence of depression, anxiety, and burnout was seen among medical students and residents. Most of them were stressed with academic-related factors. A strong correlation between teaching and learning-related stressors with depression and anxiety may be a call for an efficient and more student-friendly curriculum.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramesh Khadayat
- grid.80817.360000 0001 2114 6728Tribhuvan University Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Pratikchya Tulachan
- grid.80817.360000 0001 2114 6728Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Tribhuvan University Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal
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21
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The Physiological and Psychological Effects of the First Year of an Entry-Level Physical Therapist Education Program on Students. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1097/jte.0000000000000143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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22
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Kushkestani M, Parvani M, Nosrani S, Bathaeezadeh S. The relationship between drug use, sleep quality
and quality of life in dormitory students at Allameh
Tabataba’i University, Iran. POPULATION MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.18332/popmed/115799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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23
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Solis AC, Lotufo-Neto F. Predictors of quality of life in Brazilian medical students: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 41:556-567. [PMID: 30994854 PMCID: PMC6899364 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To examine predictors associated with quality of life (QoL) in Brazilian medical students. Methods: PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, LILACS, and Google Scholar were searched for research articles in English or Portuguese published through August 2018. Observational studies that measured QoL with standard instruments were selected. Three instruments were used to evaluate QoL: the World Health Organization QoL questionnaires (WHOQOL-Bref and WHOQOL-100) and 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). Hedges’ g was used to calculate effect sizes. A random-effects model was used in meta-analyses. PRISMA guidelines were followed. Results: The initial search retrieved 8,504 articles; 24 met the eligibility criteria for systematic review, and seven for meta-analyses of gender (n=3,402 students). Predictors of QoL such as gender, years of medical school(years of study), economic class, educational environment, academic efficacy, depression, burnout, resilience, empathic concern, sleep difficulties, chronic illness, body mass index, and leisure-time physical activity were identified in the systematic review. The most frequent predictors of QoL detected in Brazilian medical students were associated with gender and years of study. Conclusions: Female medical students had lower QoL scores in the physical health and psychological domains of WHOQOL-Bref compared to male students. Specific interventions should be designed for this group as appropriate. Systematic review registry number: PROSPERO CRD-42018102259.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C Solis
- Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Francisco Lotufo-Neto
- Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia Clínica, Instituto de Psicologia, USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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24
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Ghassab-Abdollahi N, Shakouri SK, Aghdam AT, Farshbaf-Khalili A, Abdolalipour S, Farshbaf-Khalili A. Association of quality of life with physical activity, depression, and demographic characteristics and its predictors among medical students. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2020; 9:147. [PMID: 32766332 PMCID: PMC7377133 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_91_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical students face a variety of challenges during their years of medical education that can affect their quality of life (QOL). This study aimed to investigate the association of QOL with physical activity (PA), depression, and demographic characteristics, as well as to determine its predictors among medical students in different stages of education. METHODS A cross-sectional descriptive-correlational study was conducted on 186 medical students of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in different educational stages including basic sciences, physiopathology, externship, and internship using stratified random sampling method. Data were collected using demographic questionnaire, International PA Questionnaire, World Health Organization QOL Questionnaire, and Beck depression inventory-2. Data analysis was performed using SPSS/Ver 23 through descriptive and analytic statistics including one-way analysis of variance, independent t-test, Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficient, and multivariate linear regression model. RESULTS There were significant differences in total score of QOL among students in different stages (P < 0.05). There were indirect significant correlations between total score of QOL (β [confidence interval 95%]:-0.85 [-1.11--0.59]) and its all subdomains with Beck depression score but direct significant correlations with total PA (P < 0.05) except for social relationship. Educational stage, employment status, family income, inhabitant, moderate PA, and depression were the predictors of QOL and altogether explained 63% of its variance. CONCLUSIONS To pay attention to the predictors of QOL, life among medical students seems necessary for increasing their QOL to provide high-quality care for people with disabilities as well as for the whole community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafiseh Ghassab-Abdollahi
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Public Health and Management, School of Public Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyed Kazem Shakouri
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | - Somayeh Abdolalipour
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Azizeh Farshbaf-Khalili
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Address for correspondence: Dr. Azizeh Farshbaf-Khalili, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. E-mail:
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Health-Related Quality of Life of Medical Students in a Chinese University: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16245165. [PMID: 31861231 PMCID: PMC6950113 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16245165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Thus far, there have been no studies adapting the Mandarin 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (the SF-36) questionnaire for assessment of the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of medical students in China. This study aimed to explore the feasibility of that form and analyse its impact factors. The study involved 498 randomly sampled medical students stratified by their academic majors, and general information was collected. The effective response rate was 83.53%. Split-half reliability coefficients and Cronbach's α coefficients of seven dimensions were more than 0.7 with the exception of the social function (SF) dimension. Spearman's correlation analysis results were basically in accord with the theoretical construction of the SF-36. The HRQOL of the students was scored from 43.83 (the RE dimension) to 93.34 (the PF dimension). The primary impact factors affecting the HRQOL of medical students included major, sleep quality, degree of physical exercise, post-exercise status, relationship with roommate, and satisfaction with family. These findings suggested that the Mandarin SF-36 was reliable for measuring the HRQOL, that the HRQOL of medical students in a Chinese university was relatively poor, and that its improvement requires concerted efforts.
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Aziz Y, Khan AY, Shahid I, Khan MA, Aisha. Quality of life of students of a private medical college. Pak J Med Sci 2019; 36:255-259. [PMID: 32063970 PMCID: PMC6994898 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.36.2.668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To determine the quality of life of students of a private medical college in Karachi in Pakistan. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted among 217 medical students of Liaquat College of Medicine and Dentistry, Karachi from June 2017 to March 2018. Students were selected by a stratified sampling method and the World Health Organization Quality of Life BREF Instruments (WHO QOL-BREF) was used for the above-mentioned study. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 21 and Analysis of variance (ANOVA). Independent t-test was used as p <0.05 significant. Results: A total of 250 questionnaires were distributed among 2nd year, 3rd year, 4th year and final year students and the response rate was 86.8%. Among them 48.5% (n=105) students were male and 51.5% (n=112) students were female, while 9.2% (n=20) students were currently ill and the other 90.8% (n=197) were healthy. Conclusion: Medical education influences the quality of life (QOL) of students adversely. Social relationships and environmental domain were satisfactory in private medical institutes whereas physical and psychological progress was low due to academic load which requires improvement either by physical activities such as fitness classes or other extra-curricular activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasir Aziz
- Yasir Aziz, Final Year Medical Students Liaquat College of Medicine & Dentistry, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Yar Khan
- Ahmad Yar Khan, Final Year Medical Students Liaquat College of Medicine & Dentistry, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Iqra Shahid
- Iqra Shahid, Final Year Medical Students Liaquat College of Medicine & Dentistry, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Athar Khan
- Muhammad Athar Khan, Associate Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Liaquat College of Medicine & Dentistry, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Aisha
- Aisha, Private General Practitioner, Ex-Student Liaquat College of Medicine & Dentistry, Liaquat College of Medicine & Dentistry, Karachi, Pakistan
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Zeng W, Chen R, Wang X, Zhang Q, Deng W. Prevalence of mental health problems among medical students in China: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e15337. [PMID: 31045774 PMCID: PMC6504335 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000015337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of mental health problems in medical students has continuously increased and is higher than the prevalence of mental health problems in students with other majors, which could lead to undesirable consequences for the students and their future patients. In China, the current states of medical education and healthcare workplaces differ in certain areas from those in Western or other Asian countries. However, the mental health status of Chinese medical students has not been systematically analyzed. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this meta-analysis was to summarize the prevalence of mental health problems in Chinese medical students. METHODS All cross-sectional studies that investigated the prevalence of any mental health problem among Chinese medical students were retrieved from the following databases: EMBASE, PubMed, PsycINFO, OVID, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. We accepted each individual trial's inclusion and exclusion criteria for participants. The National Institutes of Health Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies was adopted to appraise the methodological quality of each study. RevMan (version 5.3) was used to analyze the data. RESULTS Ten cross-sectional studies involving a total of 30,817 Chinese medical students were included. The prevalence of depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, and eating disorders were 29%, 21%, 11%, and 2%, respectively. Subgroup analysis revealed no significant differences in the prevalence of depression and suicidal ideation between genders and no significant difference in the prevalence of depression between individuals of different ages (20 years and older or younger than 20 years). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS OF KEY FINDINGS Chinese medical students have relatively high prevalence of depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation but a low prevalence of eating disorders. Mental health problems in Chinese medical students should be taken seriously, and timely screening of and proper intervention in these mental health problems are highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zeng
- Department of Graduate Medical Education
| | | | | | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Graduate Medical Education
| | - Wei Deng
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Brain Research Centre, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Rimárová K, Dorko E, Diabelková J, Sulinová Z, Urdzík P, Pelechová N, Konrádyová N. Prevalence of lifestyle and cardiovascular risk factors in a group of medical students. Cent Eur J Public Health 2019; 26 Suppl:S12-S18. [PMID: 30817867 DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a5477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the cross-sectional study was to evaluate cardiovascular risk factors in the group of medical students with gender, overweight and obesity categorisation. METHODS Cross-sectional study included 364 medical students, 207 females and 157 males. We investigated anthropometric parameters, BMI, body fat percentage, WHR (waist-hip ratio), TCH (total cholesterol) and LDL-CH (LDL-cholesterol), SBP and DBP (systolic and diastolic blood pressure). The participants also completed questionnaires with socio-demographic characteristic, including smoking, unhealthy eating, self-perceived health, and physical activity status. Statistical analysis used t-test differences in arithmetic means and OR calculation with 95% CI. RESULTS Prevalence of increased blood pressure (> SBP/DBP 120/80 mmHg) among participants was 10.99% (SBP) and 9.07% (DBP). The results confirmed risk of "overweight + obesity" in 15.38% (using BMI evaluation) versus 18.54% cases (using body fat percentage evaluation). The results of the study confirmed statistically higher risk for males compared to females in the following parameters: SBP, DBP, BMI, body fat percentage, self-perceived health, unhealthy eating and body weight watching. "Overweight and obesity" group (BMI evaluation) confirmed all factors on statistically significant level a risky group: SBP, DBP, body fat percentage, TCH, self-perceived health, smoking, stress at university, and body weight watching. The outputs confirmed, on the other hand, low amount of clinical obesity (0.8%), clinical hypertension (BP > 140/90) 1.1%, and clinically higher cholesterol level (TCH > 5.2 mmol/l) in 8.7% participants. CONCLUSIONS We confirmed higher prevalence or cardiovascular risk factors among males. Also, group of "overweight and obese" students had higher frequency of cardiovascular risk factors. Border limits for risk evaluation were strong, so on clinical level we can evaluate the group of medical students as healthy. In the group of young medical students, we confirmed lower frequency of risk factors compared to the Slovak population average.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kvetoslava Rimárová
- Department of Public Health and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Erik Dorko
- Department of Public Health and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Jana Diabelková
- Department of Public Health and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Zlatana Sulinová
- Department of Public Health and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Urdzík
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice and Louis Pasteur University Hospital, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Nikola Pelechová
- Department of Public Health and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Nika Konrádyová
- Department of Public Health and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic
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Jung SS, Park KH, Roh H, Yune SJ, Lee GH, Chun K. Research trends in studies of medical students' characteristics: a scoping review. KOREAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL EDUCATION 2017; 29:137-152. [PMID: 28870017 PMCID: PMC5583429 DOI: 10.3946/kjme.2017.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate domestic and international research trends in studies of medical students' characteristics by using the scoping review methods. This study adopted the scoping review to assess papers on the characteristics of medical students. The procedure of research was carried out according to the five steps of the scoping review. The full texts of 100 papers are obtained and are read closely, after which suitable 88 papers are extracted by us for this research. The review is mapped by the year of the study, source, location, author, research design, research subject, objective, and key results. The frequency is analyzed by using Microsoft Excel and SPSS. We found 70 papers (79.5%) on a single medical school, 15 (17.0%) on multiple medical schools, and three (3.4%) on mixed schools, including medical and nonmedical schools. Sixty-nine (79.5%) were cross-sectional studies and 18 (20.5%) were longitudinal studies. Eighty-two papers (93.2%) adopted questionnaire surveys. We summarized research trends of studies on medical students in Korea and overseas by topic, and mapped them into physical health, mental health, psychological characteristics, cognitive characteristics, social characteristics, and career. This study provides insights into the future directions of research for the characteristics of medical students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Soo Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kwi Hwa Park
- Department of Medical Education, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - HyeRin Roh
- Department of Medical Education and the Institute of Medical Humanities, Inje University College of Medicine, Korea
| | - So Jung Yune
- Department of Medical Education, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Geon Ho Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Kyunghee Chun
- Head Office for Educational Innovation, Tongmyong University, Busan, Korea
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Pacheco JP, Giacomin HT, Tam WW, Ribeiro TB, Arab C, Bezerra IM, Pinasco GC. Mental health problems among medical students in Brazil: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 39:369-378. [PMID: 28876408 PMCID: PMC7111407 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2017-2223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To provide a comprehensive picture of mental health problems (MHPs) in Brazilian medical students by documenting their prevalence and association with co-factors. Methods: We systematically searched the MEDLINE/PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, and PsycINFO databases for cross-sectional studies on the prevalence of MHPs among medical students in Brazil published before September 29, 2016. We pooled prevalences using a random-effects meta-analysis, and summarized factors associated with MHP. Results: We included 59 studies in the analysis. For meta-analyses, we identified the summary prevalence of different MHPs, including depression (25 studies, prevalence 30.6%), common mental disorders (13 studies, prevalence 31.5%), burnout (three studies, prevalence 13.1%), problematic alcohol use (three studies, prevalence 32.9%), stress (six studies, prevalence 49.9%), low sleep quality (four studies, prevalence 51.5%), excessive daytime sleepiness (four studies, prevalence 46.1%), and anxiety (six studies, prevalence 32.9%). Signs of lack of motivation, emotional support, and academic overload correlated with MHPs. Conclusion: Several MHPs are highly prevalent among future physicians in Brazil. Evidence-based interventions and psychosocial support are needed to promote mental health among Brazilian medical students.
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Affiliation(s)
- João P Pacheco
- Faculdade de Medicina, Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória (EMESCAM), Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Henrique T Giacomin
- Faculdade de Medicina, Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória (EMESCAM), Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Wilson W Tam
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tássia B Ribeiro
- Faculdade de Medicina, Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória (EMESCAM), Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Claudia Arab
- Departamento de Cardiologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Italla M Bezerra
- Faculdade de Medicina, Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória (EMESCAM), Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Gustavo C Pinasco
- Faculdade de Medicina, Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória (EMESCAM), Vitória, ES, Brazil
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Almalki SA, Almojali AI, Alothman AS, Masuadi EM, Alaqeel MK. Burnout and its association with extracurricular activities among medical students in Saudi Arabia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL EDUCATION 2017; 8:144-150. [PMID: 28454079 PMCID: PMC5420457 DOI: 10.5116/ijme.58e3.ca8a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess levels of burnout in medical students, and to explore the influence of extracurricular activities on burnout at a medical school in Saudi Arabia. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted with first to fourth year medical students at King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Socio-demographic, burnout level (the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey, MBI-SS) and participation in extracurricular activities data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Statistical analyses were performed using the Pearson's chi-square test and binary logistic regression. RESULTS From the 306 medical students approached, 249 (81.4%) completed the questionnaire. The level of high burnout was 67.1% (n=167). The study revealed that the majority (62.3%, n=155) of students had high levels of cynicism, 58.6% (n=146) had high levels of emotional exhaustion, and 60.2% (n=150) had low levels of professional efficacy. Most of the students (73.5%, n=183) participated in extracurricular activities, and 112 (45%) students were organizers of extracurricular activities. No significant association was found between burnout levels and the frequency of involvement in extracurricular activities (χ2=2.2, df=2, p=0.333). However, students who were organizing extracurricular activities were less likely to have low professional efficacy (OR=0.51, 95% CI: 0.27- 0.96). CONCLUSIONS High levels of burnout were reported at this medical school. Although the burnout level is not significantly associated with the frequency of involvement in extracurricular activities, leading and organizing extracurricular activities might result in lower levels of burnout. Therefore, improving the students' leadership skills should be considered in curriculum planning, and greater emphasis should be placed on the quality of involvement in extracurricular activities rather than the quantity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami A. Almalki
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah I. Almojali
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S. Alothman
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad M. Masuadi
- Department of Medical Education, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Meshal K. Alaqeel
- Psychiatry Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Shim EJ, Jeon HJ, Kim H, Lee KM, Jung D, Noh HL, Roh MS, Hahm BJ. Measuring stress in medical education: validation of the Korean version of the higher education stress inventory with medical students. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2016; 16:302. [PMID: 27881178 PMCID: PMC5121937 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-016-0824-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical students face a variety of stressors associated with their education; if not promptly identified and adequately dealt with, it may bring about several negative consequences in terms of mental health and academic performance. This study examined psychometric properties of the Korean version of the Higher Education Stress Inventory (K-HESI). METHODS The reliability and validity of the K-HESI were examined in a large scale multi-site survey involving 7110 medical students. The K-HESI, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and questions regarding quality of life (QOL) and self-rated physical health (SPH) were administered. RESULTS Exploratory factor analysis of the K-HESI identified seven factors: Low commitment; financial concerns; teacher-student relationship; worries about future profession; non-supportive climate; workload; and dissatisfaction with education. A subsequent confirmatory factor analysis supported the 7-factor model. Internal consistency of the K-HESI was satisfactory (Cronbach's α = .78). Convergent validity was demonstrated by its positive association with the BDI. Known group validity was supported by the K-HESI's ability to detect significant differences on the overall and subscale scores of K-HESI according to different levels of QOL and SPH. CONCLUSIONS The K-HESI is a psychometrically valid tool that comprehensively assesses various relevant stressors related to medical education. Evidence-based stress management in medical education empirically guided by the regular assessment of stress using reliable and valid measure is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Jung Shim
- Department of Psychology, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Jin Jeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hana Kim
- Department of Psychology, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Min Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dooyoung Jung
- Department of Human Factors Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Lim Noh
- Department of Psychology, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Sun Roh
- Health Service Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Jin Hahm
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lins L, Carvalho FM, Menezes MS, Porto-Silva L, Damasceno H. Health-related quality of life of medical students in a Brazilian student loan programme. PERSPECTIVES ON MEDICAL EDUCATION 2016; 5:197-204. [PMID: 27438057 PMCID: PMC4978637 DOI: 10.1007/s40037-016-0283-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the health-related quality of life of medical students participating in a large Brazilian government loan programme for undergraduate students in private schools.A cross-sectional study in a stratified sample of students from a private medical school in Salvador, Brazil, evaluated their health-related quality of life by using a Brazilian Portuguese version of the 36-item Short Form Health Survey questionnaire (SF-36).Students supported by the loan programme consistently presented lower mean scores in all SF-36 domains and in the physical and mental component summary scores than those who were not in the programme. Students supported by the loan programme presented systematically lower physical and mental component mean scores, after stratification by age, gender, school year, physical activity, sleepiness, headache, having a car, having a housemaid, living with family, and living in a rented house.The loan programme has enabled less wealthy undergraduate students to attend private medical schools in Brazil. However, this support is insufficient to improve students' health-related quality of life during medical school, as compared with students who do not participate in the programme. Because of a poorer health-related quality of life, students supported by the loan programme deserve special attention from private medical schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliane Lins
- Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil.
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil.
| | | | | | | | - Hannah Damasceno
- Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil
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Oztasan N, Ozyrek P, Kilic I. FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN TURKEY. Mater Sociomed 2016; 28:210-4. [PMID: 27482164 PMCID: PMC4949046 DOI: 10.5455/msm.2016.28.210-214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Purpose of this descriptive study is to determine the mental health problems and quality of life levels of college students and examine the relationship between them. Methods: The sample of the study consisted of 429 students continuing their education in Health School at Afyon Kocatepe University. Data were collected by using information form, Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), SF 36 Quality of Life Scale questionnaires. In the analysis of obtained data, descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and correlation analyses were used. Findings: Mental symptoms which the students got the highest scores from the subscales of BSI were respectively, depression (1.31±0.75), hostility (1.22±0.67) and anxiety (1.00±0.65). Discomfort severity index which is the overall score of the scale was found 1.07±0.61. Relation between state of mind and quality of life was found statistically significant (F: 70.894; p<0.000). When quality of life summary scores examined, it was found out that physical health summary score (48.92±7.93) and mental health summary score (43.44±9.52) points were low. Conclusions: Consequently, according to averages of scores, it can be said that frequency of the mental symptoms of students are high but their quality of life is low. It was found that when students’ quality of life decreased, their mental symptoms increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuray Oztasan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Pakize Ozyrek
- Department of Surgery Nursing, Health Sciences High School, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Kilic
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
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Brehm BJ, Summer SS, Khoury JC, Filak AT, Lieberman MA, Heubi JE. Health Status and Lifestyle Habits of US Medical Students: A Longitudinal Study. Ann Med Health Sci Res 2016; 6:341-347. [PMID: 28540101 PMCID: PMC5423333 DOI: 10.4103/amhsr.amhsr_469_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Evidence shows that physicians and medical students who engage in healthy lifestyle habits are more likely to counsel patients about such behaviors. Yet medical school is a challenging time that may bring about undesired changes to health and lifestyle habits. Aims: This study assessed changes in students' health and lifestyle behaviors during medical school. Subjects and Methods: In a longitudinal study, students were assessed at both the beginning and end of medical school. Anthropometric, metabolic, and lifestyle variables were measured at a clinical research center. Data were collected from 2006 to 2011, and analyzed in 2013–2014 with SAS version 9.3. Pearson's correlations were used to assess associations between variables and a generalized linear model was used to measure change over time. Results: Seventy-eight percent (97/125) of participants completed both visits. At baseline, mean anthropometric and clinical measures were at or near healthy values and did not change over time, with the exception of increased diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.01), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (P < 0.001), and insulin (P < 0.001). Self-reported diet and physical activity habits were congruent with national goals, except for Vitamin D and sodium. Dietary intake did not change over time, with the exceptions of decreased carbohydrate (percent of total energy) (P < 0.001) and sodium (P = 0.04) and increased fat (percent of total energy) and Vitamin D (both P < 0.01). Cardiovascular fitness showed a trend toward declining, while self-reported physical activity increased (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Students' clinical measures and lifestyle behaviors remain generally healthy throughout medical school; yet some students exhibit cardiometabolic risk and diet and activity habits not aligned with national recommendations. Curricula that include personal health and lifestyle assessment may motivate students to adopt healthier practices and serve as role models for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Brehm
- College of Nursing, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - S S Summer
- Clinical Translational Research Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - J C Khoury
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - A T Filak
- Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - M A Lieberman
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - J E Heubi
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science and Training, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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