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The Role of Pharmacotherapeutic Agents in Children with Desmoid Tumors. Paediatr Drugs 2022; 24:433-445. [PMID: 35902507 DOI: 10.1007/s40272-022-00526-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Desmoid tumors (DT) are rare fibroblastic, soft-tissue tumors that do not metastasize but can aggressively infiltrate tissues causing significant chronic discomfort and/or functional impairment. In the pediatric population, the incidence of DT is greatest during infancy and adolescence but can occur at any age. Dysregulated β-catenin, most commonly resulting from mutations in either CTNNB1 or germline APC (adenomatous polyposis coli) drives DT. Most cases are sporadic but some are associated with predisposition syndromes such as familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Historically, treatment has been surgery. However, the recurrence rate after surgery can be high. Various systemic cytotoxic chemotherapy regimens used in other soft-tissue sarcomas have been applied to DT with differing results. Given the chronic and rarely life-threatening nature of this disease and the potential short- and long-term toxicity of these regimens, especially in children, alternative non-cytotoxic interventions have been investigated. Molecularly targeted agents such as tyrosine kinase and gamma secretase inhibitors have shown activity against DT. Innovative local control therapies are being employed as alternatives to surgery and radiation. Periods of prolonged stability and spontaneous regression in the absence of therapy in some patients has prompted wider adoption of an upfront active surveillance approach in the appropriate setting. This review will briefly summarize the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical presentation of DT in children, then focus on historical, current, and future pharmacotherapeutic management and finally, propose areas for future study.
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Al-Khreisat MJ, Hussain FA, Abdelfattah AM, Almotiri A, Al-Sanabra OM, Johan MF. The Role of NOTCH1, GATA3, and c-MYC in T Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112799. [PMID: 35681778 PMCID: PMC9179380 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphomas are heterogeneous malignant tumours of white blood cells characterised by the aberrant proliferation of mature lymphoid cells or their precursors. Lymphomas are classified into main types depending on the histopathologic evidence of biopsy taken from an enlarged lymph node, progress stages, treatment strategies, and outcomes: Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Moreover, lymphomas can be further divided into subtypes depending on the cell origin, and immunophenotypic and genetic aberrations. Many factors play vital roles in the progression, pathogenicity, incidence, and mortality rate of lymphomas. Among NHLs, peripheral T cell lymphomas (PTCLs) are rare lymphoid malignancies, that have various cellular morphology and genetic mutations. The clinical presentations are usually observed at the advanced stage of the disease. Many recent studies have reported that the expressions of NOTCH1, GATA3, and c-MYC are associated with poorer prognosis in PTCL and are involved in downstream activities. However, questions have been raised about the pathological relationship between these factors in PTCLs. Therefore, in this review, we investigate the role and relationship of the NOTCH1 pathway, transcriptional factor GATA3 and proto-oncogene c-MYC in normal T cell development and malignant PTCL subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mutaz Jamal Al-Khreisat
- Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia;
| | - Faezahtul Arbaeyah Hussain
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia;
| | - Ali Mahmoud Abdelfattah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan;
| | - Alhomidi Almotiri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences—Dawadmi, Shaqra University, Dawadmi 17464, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ola Mohammed Al-Sanabra
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Science, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt 19117, Jordan;
| | - Muhammad Farid Johan
- Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-97-67-62-00
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Abstract
TWEAK (tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis) is a member of the TNF superfamily that controls a multitude of cellular events including proliferation, migration, differentiation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and inflammation. TWEAK control of these events is via an expanding list of intracellular signalling pathways which include NF-κB, ERK/MAPK, Notch, EGFR and AP-1. Two receptors have been identified for TWEAK - Fn14, which targets the membrane bound form of TWEAK, and CD163, which scavenges the soluble form of TWEAK. TWEAK appears to elicit specific events based on the receptor to which it binds, tissue type in which it is expressed, specific extrinsic conditions, and the presence of other cytokines. TWEAK signalling is protective in healthy tissues, but in chronic inflammatory states become detrimental to the tissue. Consistent data show a role for the TWEAK/FN14/CD163 axis in metabolic disease, chronic autoimmune diseases, and acute ischaemic stroke. Low circulating concentrations of soluble TWEAK are predictive of poor cardiovascular outcomes in those with and without diabetes. This review details the current understanding of the TWEAK/Fn14/CD163 axis as one of the chief regulators of immune signalling and its cell-specific role in metabolic disease development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiktoria Ratajczak
- Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Altnagelvin Hospital Campus, C-TRIC Building Glenshane Road, Derry/Londonderry, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Sarah D Atkinson
- Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Altnagelvin Hospital Campus, C-TRIC Building Glenshane Road, Derry/Londonderry, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Catriona Kelly
- Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Altnagelvin Hospital Campus, C-TRIC Building Glenshane Road, Derry/Londonderry, Northern Ireland, UK.
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Láinez-González D, Serrano-López J, Alonso-Dominguez JM. Understanding the Notch Signaling Pathway in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Stem Cells: From Hematopoiesis to Neoplasia. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14061459. [PMID: 35326610 PMCID: PMC8946707 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The Notch signaling pathway is fundamental to early fetal development, but its role in acute myeloid leukemia is still unclear. It is important to elucidate the function that contains Notch, not only in acute myeloid leukemia, but in leukemic stem cells (LSCs). LSCs seem to be the principal cause of patient relapse. This population is in a quiescent state. Signaling pathways that govern this process must be understood to increase the chemosensitivity of this compartment. In this review, we focus on the conserved Notch signaling pathway, and its repercussions in hematopoiesis and hematological neoplasia. We found in the literature both visions regarding Notch activity in acute myeloid leukemia. On one hand, the activation of Notch leads to cell proliferation, on the other hand, the activation of Notch leads to cell cycle arrest. This dilemma requires further experiments to be answered, in order to understand the role of Notch not only in acute myeloid leukemia, but especially in LSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Láinez-González
- Experimental Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (D.L.-G.); (J.S.-L.)
| | - Juana Serrano-López
- Experimental Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (D.L.-G.); (J.S.-L.)
| | - Juan Manuel Alonso-Dominguez
- Experimental Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (D.L.-G.); (J.S.-L.)
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-918488100-2673
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Kwon DH, Park JB, Lee JS, Kim SJ, Choi B, Lee KY. Human delta like 1-expressing human mesenchymal stromal cells promote human T cell development and antigen-specific response in humanized NOD/SCID/IL-2R[Formula: see text] null (NSG) mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10603. [PMID: 34011992 PMCID: PMC8134586 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90110-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Human delta-like 1 (hDlk1) is known to be able to regulate cell fate decisions during hematopoiesis. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are known to exhibit potent immunomodulatory roles in a variety of diseases. Herein, we investigated in vivo functions of hDlk1-hMSCs and hDlk1+hMSCs in T cell development and T cell response to viral infection in humanized NOD/SCID/IL-2Rγnull (NSG) mice. Co-injection of hDlk1-hMSC with hCD34+ cord blood (CB) cells into the liver of NSG mice markedly suppressed the development of human T cells. In contrast, co-injection of hDlk1+hMSC with hCD34+ CB cells into the liver of NSG dramatically promoted the development of human T cells. Human T cells developed in humanized NSG mice represent markedly diverse, functionally active, TCR V[Formula: see text] usages, and the restriction to human MHC molecules. Upon challenge with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), EBV-specific hCD8+ T cells in humanized NSG mice were effectively mounted with phenotypically activated T cells presented as hCD45+hCD3+hCD8+hCD45RO+hHLA-DR+ T cells, suggesting that antigen-specific T cell response was induced in the humanized NSG mice. Taken together, our data suggest that the hDlk1-expressing MSCs can effectively promote the development of human T cells and immune response to exogenous antigen in humanized NSG mice. Thus, the humanized NSG model might have potential advantages for the development of therapeutics targeting infectious diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Hee Kwon
- Department of Immunology and Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, 16419 Gyeonggi-do Korea
| | - Jae Berm Park
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Sang Lee
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon-Si, 440-746 Kyonggi-Do Korea
- Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Joo Kim
- GenNBio, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon-Si, Kyonggi-Do, 440-746 Korea
| | - Bongkum Choi
- GenNBio, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon-Si, Kyonggi-Do, 440-746 Korea
| | - Ki-Young Lee
- Department of Immunology and Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, 16419 Gyeonggi-do Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419 Republic of Korea
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Huang C, Yang D, Ye GW, Powell CA, Guo P. Vascular Notch Signaling in Stress Hematopoiesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:606448. [PMID: 33585446 PMCID: PMC7873850 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.606448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Canonical Notch signaling is one of the most conserved signaling cascades. It regulates cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and cell fate maintenance in a variety of biological systems during development and cancer (Fortini, 2009; Kopan and Ilagan, 2009; Andersson et al., 2011; Ntziachristos et al., 2014). For the hematopoietic system, during embryonic development, Notch1 is essential for the emergence of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) at the aorta-gornado-mesonephro regions of the dorsal aorta. At adult stage, Notch receptors and Notch targets are expressed at different levels in diverse hematopoietic cell types and influence lineage choices. For example, Notch specifies T cell lineage over B cells. However, there has been a long-lasting debate on whether Notch signaling is required for the maintenance of adult HSCs, utilizing transgenic animals inactivating different components of the Notch signaling pathway in HSCs or niche cells. The aims of the current mini-review are to summarize the evidence that disapproves or supports such hypothesis and point at imperative questions waiting to be addressed; hence, some of the seemingly contradictory findings could be reconciled. We need to better delineate the Notch signaling events using biochemical assays to identify direct Notch targets within HSCs or niche cells in specific biological context. More importantly, we call for more elaborate studies that pertain to whether niche cell type (vascular endothelial cells or other stromal cell)-specific Notch ligands regulate the differentiation of T cells in solid tumors during the progression of T-lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-ALL) or chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML). We believe that the investigation of vascular endothelial cells' or other stromal cell types' interaction with hematopoietic cells during homeostasis and stress can offer insights toward specific and effective Notch-related therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Huang
- McCann Health Medical Communications, New York, NY, United States
| | - Dawei Yang
- Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Zhongshan Hospital Institute for Clinical Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of AI Technology for Cardiopulmonary Disease, Shanghai, China.,Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Fibrosis Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai-National Jewish Respiratory Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - George W Ye
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Fibrosis Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai-National Jewish Respiratory Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Charles A Powell
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Fibrosis Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai-National Jewish Respiratory Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Peipei Guo
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Fibrosis Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai-National Jewish Respiratory Institute, New York, NY, United States
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Srivastava A, Makarenkova HP. Innate Immunity and Biological Therapies for the Treatment of Sjögren's Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9172. [PMID: 33271951 PMCID: PMC7730146 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a systemic autoimmune disorder affecting approximately 3% of the population in the United States. This disease has a female predilection and affects exocrine glands, including lacrimal and salivary glands. Dry eyes and dry mouths are the most common symptoms due to the loss of salivary and lacrimal gland function. Symptoms become more severe in secondary SS, where SS is present along with other autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, or rheumatoid arthritis. It is known that aberrant activation of immune cells plays an important role in disease progression, however, the mechanism for these pathological changes in the immune system remains largely unknown. This review highlights the role of different immune cells in disease development, therapeutic treatments, and future strategies that are available to target various immune cells to cure the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Helen P. Makarenkova
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA 92037, USA;
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Meyer LK, Hermiston ML. The bone marrow microenvironment as a mediator of chemoresistance in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2019; 2:1164-1177. [PMID: 35582273 PMCID: PMC9019215 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2019.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a malignancy of immature lymphoid cells that arises due to clonal expansion of cells that undergo developmental arrest and acquisition of pathogenic mutations. With the introduction of intensive multi-agent chemotherapeutic regimens, survival rates for ALL have improved dramatically over the past several decades, though survival rates for adult ALL continue to lag behind those of pediatric ALL. Resistance to chemotherapy remains a significant obstacle in the treatment of ALL, and chemoresistance due to molecular alterations within ALL cells have been described. In addition to these cell-intrinsic factors, the bone marrow microenvironment has more recently been appreciated as a cell-extrinsic mediator of chemoresistance, and it is now known that stromal cells within the bone marrow microenvironment, through direct cell-cell interactions and through the release of lymphoid-acting soluble factors, contribute to ALL pathogenesis and chemoresistance. This review discusses mechanisms of chemoresistance mediated by factors within the bone marrow microenvironment and highlights novel therapeutic strategies that have been investigated to overcome chemoresistance in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren K. Meyer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, SF 94158, USA
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Shi X, Yang Y, Shang S, Wu S, Zhang W, Peng L, Huang T, Zhang R, Ren R, Mi J, Wang Y. Cooperation of Dnmt3a R878H with Nras G12D promotes leukemogenesis in knock-in mice: a pilot study. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:1072. [PMID: 31703632 PMCID: PMC6842226 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6207-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNMT3A R882H, a frequent mutation in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), plays a critical role in malignant hematopoiesis. Recent findings suggest that DNMT3A mutant acts as a founder mutation and requires additional genetic events to induce full-blown AML. Here, we investigated the cooperation of mutant DNMT3A and NRAS in leukemogenesis by generating a double knock-in (DKI) mouse model harboring both Dnmt3a R878H and Nras G12D mutations. METHODS DKI mice with both Dnmt3a R878H and Nras G12D mutations were generated by crossing Dnmt3a R878H knock-in (KI) mice and Nras G12D KI mice. Routine blood test, flow cytometry analysis and morphological analysis were performed to determine disease phenotype. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq), RT-PCR and Western blot were carried out to reveal the molecular mechanism. RESULTS The DKI mice developed a more aggressive AML with a significantly shortened lifespan and higher percentage of blast cells compared with KI mice expressing Dnmt3a or Nras mutation alone. RNA-seq analysis showed that Dnmt3a and Nras mutations collaboratively caused abnormal expression of a series of genes related to differentiation arrest and growth advantage. Myc transcription factor and its target genes related to proliferation and apoptosis were up-regulated, thus contributing to promote the process of leukemogenesis. CONCLUSION This study showed that cooperation of DNMT3A mutation and NRAS mutation could promote the onset of AML by synergistically disturbing the transcriptional profiling with Myc pathway involvement in DKI mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Siqi Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Songfang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Weina Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Lijun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ting Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ruihong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ruibao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jianqing Mi
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Yueying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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Hua C, Chen X, Yuan W, Li Y, Yu J, Li H, Ming L. Gene expression profiling by mRNA sequencing reveals dysregulation of core genes in Rictor deficient T-ALL mouse model. Leuk Res 2019; 87:106229. [PMID: 31698306 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2019.106229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a neoplastic disorder with peak incidence in children and young adults. The mTOR complex is an important component of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling cascade and holds great promise for the treatment of hematopoietic malignancies. Previous studies have shown that the depression of Rictor, one of the components of the mTOR complex, prevents myeloproliferative disorders and leukemia However, knowledge of the progression of mTOR has not greatly improved the prognosis of T-ALL. To identify potential prognostic biomarkers for T-ALL, a whole-genome expression profile of Rictior deficient T-ALL mice was performed. As a result, 1475 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Network analysis revealed 46 genes with a high network degree and fold-change value. Kaplan-Meier analysis identified ten crucial genes which significantly associated with survival in Rictor deficient T-ALL mice. These findings provide potential therapeutic targets in leukemia and bear immediate relevance to patients with leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlan Hua
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Xiangyu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Weiping Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Haijun Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Liang Ming
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
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Paganelli F, Lonetti A, Anselmi L, Martelli AM, Evangelisti C, Chiarini F. New advances in targeting aberrant signaling pathways in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Adv Biol Regul 2019; 74:100649. [PMID: 31523031 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2019.100649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive disorder characterized by malignant transformation of immature progenitors primed towards T-cell development. Over the past 15 years, advances in the molecular characterization of T-ALL have uncovered oncogenic key drivers and crucial signaling pathways of this disease, opening new chances for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Currently, T-ALL patients are still treated with aggressive therapies, consisting of high dose multiagent chemotherapy. To minimize and overcome the unfavorable effects of these regimens, it is critical to identify innovative targets and test selective inhibitors of such targets. Major efforts are being made to develop small molecules against deregulated signaling pathways, which sustain T-ALL cell growth, survival, metabolism, and drug-resistance. This review will focus on recent improvements in the understanding of the signaling pathways involved in the pathogenesis of T-ALL and on the challenging opportunities for T-ALL targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Paganelli
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza-CNR National Research Council of Italy, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Annalisa Lonetti
- "Giorgio Prodi" Cancer Research Center, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Anselmi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, Section of Morphology, Signal Transduction Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alberto M Martelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Camilla Evangelisti
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza-CNR National Research Council of Italy, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Chiarini
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza-CNR National Research Council of Italy, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
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The frequency of NOTCH1 variants in T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma among Jordanian patients. Ann Diagn Pathol 2019; 39:53-58. [PMID: 30718223 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The transmembrane receptor NOTCH1 is thought to be associated with the development and progression of T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL)/T-lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)/small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL). The current study aimed to characterize NOTCH1 expression and elucidate the variants in the functional PEST domain of the receptor in T-ALL/LBL and CLL/SLL. The nuclear expression of NOTCH1 protein was detected in 25% and 5% of cases of T-ALL/LBL and CLL/SLL, respectively, whereas cytoplasmic expression was detected in 33.3% and 15% cases, respectively. The frequency of variants in T-ALL/LBL was 33%, whereas 40% of CLL/SLL cases possessed variants. Four novel variants were identified; three of which were non-synonymous and one common variant c.7280_7280delG between T-ALL/LBL and CLL/SLL cases. The previously described variant, c.7541_7542delCT, was detected in 3 cases of CLL/SLL. These results provide support for the contribution of NOTCH1 in the etiology of these types of cancers.
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Miles RR, Shah RK, Frazer JK. Molecular genetics of childhood, adolescent and young adult non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Br J Haematol 2016; 173:582-96. [PMID: 26969846 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.14011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Molecular genetic abnormalities are ubiquitous in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), but genetic changes are not yet used to define specific lymphoma subtypes. Certain recurrent molecular genetic abnormalities in NHL underlie molecular pathogenesis and/or are associated with prognosis or represent potential therapeutic targets. Most molecular genetic studies of B- and T-NHL have been performed on adult patient samples, and the relevance of many of these findings for childhood, adolescent and young adult NHL remains to be demonstrated. In this review, we focus on NHL subtypes that are most common in young patients and emphasize features actually studied in younger NHL patients. This approach highlights what is known about NHL genetics in young patients but also points to gaps that remain, which will require cooperative efforts to collect and share biological specimens for genomic and genetic analyses in order to help predict outcomes and guide therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodney R Miles
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah and ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Rikin K Shah
- Jimmy Everest Section of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - J Kimble Frazer
- E.L. and Thelma Gaylord Chair in Pediatric Oncology, Jimmy Everest Section of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
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14
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Ntziachristos P, Lim JS, Sage J, Aifantis I. From fly wings to targeted cancer therapies: a centennial for notch signaling. Cancer Cell 2014; 25:318-34. [PMID: 24651013 PMCID: PMC4040351 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 284] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Since Notch phenotypes in Drosophila melanogaster were first identified 100 years ago, Notch signaling has been extensively characterized as a regulator of cell-fate decisions in a variety of organisms and tissues. However, in the past 20 years, accumulating evidence has linked alterations in the Notch pathway to tumorigenesis. In this review, we discuss the protumorigenic and tumor-suppressive functions of Notch signaling, and dissect the molecular mechanisms that underlie these functions in hematopoietic cancers and solid tumors. Finally, we link these mechanisms and observations to possible therapeutic strategies targeting the Notch pathway in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Ntziachristos
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; NYU Cancer Institute and Helen L. and Martin S. Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Jing Shan Lim
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Julien Sage
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Iannis Aifantis
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; NYU Cancer Institute and Helen L. and Martin S. Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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15
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Ma D, Wei Y, Liu F. Regulatory mechanisms of thymus and T cell development. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 39:91-102. [PMID: 22227346 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2011.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Revised: 12/22/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The thymus is a central hematopoietic organ which produces mature T lymphocytes with diverse antigen specificity. During development, the thymus primordium is derived from the third pharyngeal endodermal pouch, and then differentiates into cortical and medullary thymic epithelial cells (TECs). TECs represent the primary functional cell type that forms the unique thymic epithelial microenvironment which is essential for intrathymic T-cell development, including positive selection, negative selection and emigration out of the thymus. Our understanding of thymopoiesis has been greatly advanced by using several important animal models. This review will describe progress on the molecular mechanisms involved in thymus and T cell development with particular focus on the signaling and transcription factors involved in this process in mouse and zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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16
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Jamil K, Jayaraman A, Rao R, Raju S. In silico evidence of signaling pathways of notch mediated networks in leukemia. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2012; 1:e201207005. [PMID: 24688641 PMCID: PMC3962152 DOI: 10.5936/csbj.201207005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2012] [Revised: 11/04/2012] [Accepted: 11/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch signaling plays a critical role in cell fate determination and maintenance of progenitors in many developmental systems. Notch receptors have been shown to be expressed on hematopoietic progenitor cells as well as to various degrees in peripheral blood T and B lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils. Our aim was to understand the protein interaction network, using Notch1 protein name as query in STRING database and we generated a model to assess the significance of Notch1 associated proteins in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). We further analyzed the expression levels of the genes encoding hub proteins, using Oncomine database, to determine their significance in leukemogenesis. Of the forty two hub genes, we observed that sixteen genes were underexpressed and eleven genes were overexpressed in T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic samples in comparison to their expression levels in normal cells. Of these, we found three novel genes which have not been reported earlier- KAT2B, PSEN1 (underexpressed) and CDH2 (overexpressed).These three identified genes may provide new insights into the abnormal hematopoietic process observed in Leukemia as these genes are involved in Notch signaling and cell adhesion processes. It is evident that experimental validation of the protein interactors in leukemic cells could help in the identification of new diagnostic markers for leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiser Jamil
- Centre for Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Advanced Studies (JNIAS), 6th Floor, Budha Bhawan, M.G. Road, Secunderabad 500003, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Archana Jayaraman
- Centre for Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Advanced Studies (JNIAS), 6th Floor, Budha Bhawan, M.G. Road, Secunderabad 500003, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Raghunatha Rao
- Oncology Department, Nizams Institute of Medical Sciences ( NIMS), Panjagutta, Hyderabad 500082, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Suryanarayana Raju
- Oncology Department, Nizams Institute of Medical Sciences ( NIMS), Panjagutta, Hyderabad 500082, Andhra Pradesh, India
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González-García S, García-Peydró M, Alcain J, Toribio ML. Notch1 and IL-7 receptor signalling in early T-cell development and leukaemia. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2012; 360:47-73. [PMID: 22695916 DOI: 10.1007/82_2012_231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Notch receptors are master regulators of many aspects of development and tissue renewal in metazoans. Notch1 activation is essential for T-cell specification of bone marrow-derived multipotent progenitors that seed the thymus, and for proliferation and further progression of early thymocytes along the T-cell lineage. Deregulated activation of Notch1 significantly contributes to the generation of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL). In addition to Notch1 signals, survival and proliferation signals provided by the IL-7 receptor (IL-7R) are also required during thymopoiesis. Our understanding of the molecular mechanisms controlling stage-specific survival and proliferation signals provided by Notch1 and IL-7R has recently been improved by the discovery that the IL-7R is a transcriptional target of Notch1. Thus, Notch1 controls T-cell development, in part by regulating the stage- and lineage-specific expression of IL-7R. The finding that induction of IL-7R expression downstream of Notch1 also occurs in T-ALL highlights the important contribution that deregulated IL-7R expression and function may have in this pathology. Confirming this notion, oncogenic IL7R gain-of-function mutations have recently been identified in childhood T-ALL. Here we discuss the fundamental role of Notch1 and IL-7R signalling pathways in physiological and pathological T-cell development in mice and men, highlighting their close molecular underpinnings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara González-García
- Centro de Biología Molecular, Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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