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Liu X, Cao X, Chen M, Li D, Zhang Z. Two transcription factors, RhERF005 and RhCCCH12, regulate rose resistance to Botrytis cinerea by modulating cytokinin levels. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:2584-2597. [PMID: 38314882 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Gray mold caused by the necrotrophic fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea is one of the most destructive diseases in rose (Rosa spp.). Rose infection by B. cinerea leads to severe economic losses due to necrosis, tissue collapse, and rot. In rose, cytokinins (CKs) positively regulate a defense response to B. cinerea, but little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms. Here, we characterized two ethylene/jasmonic acid-regulated transcription factors, RhEFR005 and RhCCCH12, that bind to the promoter region of PATHOGENESIS-RELATED 10.1 (RhPR10.1) and promote its transcription, leading to decreased susceptibility to B. cinerea. The RhEFR005/RhCCCH12-RhPR10.1 module regulated cytokinin content in rose, and the susceptibility of RhEFR005-, RhCCCH12-, and RhPR10.1-silenced rose petals can be rescued by exogenous CK. In summary, our results reveal that the RhERF005/RhCCCH12-RhPR10.1 module regulates the CK-induced defense response of rose to B. cinerea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqian Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dandan Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Kudapa H, Ghatak A, Barmukh R, Chaturvedi P, Khan A, Kale S, Fragner L, Chitikineni A, Weckwerth W, Varshney RK. Integrated multi-omics analysis reveals drought stress response mechanism in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). THE PLANT GENOME 2024; 17:e20337. [PMID: 37165696 DOI: 10.1002/tpg2.20337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of the major constraints limiting chickpea productivity. To unravel complex mechanisms regulating drought response in chickpea, we generated transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics datasets from root tissues of four contrasting drought-responsive chickpea genotypes: ICC 4958, JG 11, and JG 11+ (drought-tolerant), and ICC 1882 (drought-sensitive) under control and drought stress conditions. Integration of transcriptomics and proteomics data identified enriched hub proteins encoding isoflavone 4'-O-methyltransferase, UDP-d-glucose/UDP-d-galactose 4-epimerase, and delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase. These proteins highlighted the involvement of pathways such as antibiotic biosynthesis, galactose metabolism, and isoflavonoid biosynthesis in activating drought stress response mechanisms. Subsequently, the integration of metabolomics data identified six metabolites (fructose, galactose, glucose, myoinositol, galactinol, and raffinose) that showed a significant correlation with galactose metabolism. Integration of root-omics data also revealed some key candidate genes underlying the drought-responsive "QTL-hotspot" region. These results provided key insights into complex molecular mechanisms underlying drought stress response in chickpea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himabindu Kudapa
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Arindam Ghatak
- Molecular Systems Biology Lab (MOSYS), Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rutwik Barmukh
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Palak Chaturvedi
- Molecular Systems Biology Lab (MOSYS), Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Aamir Khan
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Sandip Kale
- The Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Lena Fragner
- Molecular Systems Biology Lab (MOSYS), Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Annapurna Chitikineni
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
- Centre for Crop & Food Innovation, WA State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Wolfram Weckwerth
- Molecular Systems Biology Lab (MOSYS), Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Metabolomics Centre (VIME), University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rajeev K Varshney
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
- Centre for Crop & Food Innovation, WA State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
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Wu C, Liu B, Zhang X, Wang M, Liang H. Phytohormone Response of Drought-Acclimated Illicium difengpi (Schisandraceae). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16443. [PMID: 38003632 PMCID: PMC10671654 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Illicium difengpi (Schisandraceae), which is an endemic, medicinal, and endangered species found in small and isolated populations that inhabit karst mountain areas, has evolved strategies to adapt to arid environments and is thus an excellent material for exploring the mechanisms of tolerance to severe drought. In experiment I, I. difengpi plants were subjected to three soil watering treatments (CK, well-watered treatment at 50% of the dry soil weight for 18 days; DS, drought stress treatment at 10% of the dry soil weight for 18 days; DS-R, drought-rehydration treatment at 10% of the dry soil weight for 15 days followed by rewatering to 50% of the dry soil weight for another 3 days). The effects of the drought and rehydration treatments on leaf succulence, phytohormones, and phytohormonal signal transduction in I. difengpi plants were investigated. In experiment II, exogenous abscisic acid (ABA, 60 mg L-1) and zeatin riboside (ZR, 60 mg L-1) were sprayed onto DS-treated plants to verify the roles of exogenous phytohormones in alleviating drought injury. Leaf succulence showed marked changes in response to the DS and DS-R treatments. The relative concentrations of ABA, methyl jasmonate (MeJA), salicylic acid glucoside (SAG), and cis-zeatin riboside (cZR) were highly correlated with relative leaf succulence. The leaf succulence of drought-treated I. difengpi plants recovered to that observed with the CK treatment after exogenous application of ABA or ZR. Differentially expressed genes involved in biosynthesis and signal transduction of phytohormones (ABA and JA) in response to drought stress were identified by transcriptomic profiling. The current study suggested that the phytohormones ABA, JA, and ZR may play important roles in the response to severe drought and provides a preliminary understanding of the physiological mechanisms involved in phytohormonal regulation in I. difengpi, an endemic, medicinal, and highly drought-tolerant plant found in extremely small populations in the karst region of South China.
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Doll NM. From the archives: Boosting rice immunity, phosophoglucose isomerases influencing seed yield, and regulation of mRNA splicing. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:3384-3385. [PMID: 37345946 PMCID: PMC10473224 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas M Doll
- Assistant Features Editor, The Plant Cell, American Society of Plant Biologists, Rockville, MD, USA
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent 9052, Belgium
- VIB Center of Plant Systems Biology, Ghent 9052, Belgium
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Karmous I, Vaidya S, Dimkpa C, Zuverza-Mena N, da Silva W, Barroso KA, Milagres J, Bharadwaj A, Abdelraheem W, White JC, Elmer WH. Biologically synthesized zinc and copper oxide nanoparticles using Cannabis sativa L. enhance soybean (Glycine max) defense against fusarium virguliforme. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 194:105486. [PMID: 37532316 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, zinc and copper oxide nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized using hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) leaves (ZnONP-HL and CuONP-HL), and their antifungal potential was assessed against Fusarium virguliforme in soybean (Glycine max L.). Hemp was selected because it is known to contain large quantities of secondary metabolites that can potentially enhance the reactivity of NPs through surface property modification. Synthesizing NPs with biologically derived materials allows to avoid the use of harsh and expensive synthetic reducing and capping agents. The ZnONP-HL and CuONP-HL showed average grain/crystallite size of 13.51 nm and 7.36 nm, respectively. The biologically synthesized NPs compared well with their chemically synthesized counterparts (ZnONP chem, and CuONP chem; 18.75 nm and 10.05 nm, respectively), confirming the stabilizing role of hemp-derived biomolecules. Analysis of the hemp leaf extract and functional groups that were associated with ZnONP-HL and CuONP-HL confirmed the presence of terpenes, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds. Biosynthesized NPs were applied on soybeans as bio-nano-fungicides against F. virguliforme via foliar treatments. ZnONP-HL and CuONP-HL at 200 μg/mL significantly (p < 0.05) increased (∼ 50%) soybean growth, compared to diseased controls. The NPs improved the nutrient (e.g., K, Ca, P) content and enhanced photosynthetic indicators of the plants by 100-200%. A 300% increase in the expression of soybean pathogenesis related GmPR genes encoding antifungal and defense proteins confirmed that the biosynthesized NPs enhanced disease resistance against the fungal phytopathogen. The findings from this study provide novel evidence of systemic suppression of fungal disease by nanobiopesticides, via promoting plant defense mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Karmous
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station (CAES), CT, USA; The Higher Institute of Applied Biology of Medenine (ISBAM), University of Gabes, Tunisia; Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte (FSB), University of Carthage, Tunisia.
| | - Shital Vaidya
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station (CAES), CT, USA.
| | - Christian Dimkpa
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station (CAES), CT, USA.
| | | | | | | | - Juliana Milagres
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station (CAES), CT, USA.
| | - Anuja Bharadwaj
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station (CAES), CT, USA.
| | - Wael Abdelraheem
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC/NIOSH/HELD/CBMB), Ohio, USA.
| | - Jason C White
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station (CAES), CT, USA.
| | - Wade H Elmer
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station (CAES), CT, USA.
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Lopes NDS, Santos AS, de Novais DPS, Pirovani CP, Micheli F. Pathogenesis-related protein 10 in resistance to biotic stress: progress in elucidating functions, regulation and modes of action. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1193873. [PMID: 37469770 PMCID: PMC10352611 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1193873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Introduction The Family of pathogenesis-related proteins 10 (PR-10) is widely distributed in the plant kingdom. PR-10 are multifunctional proteins, constitutively expressed in all plant tissues, playing a role in growth and development or being induced in stress situations. Several studies have investigated the preponderant role of PR-10 in plant defense against biotic stresses; however, little is known about the mechanisms of action of these proteins. This is the first systematic review conducted to gather information on the subject and to reveal the possible mechanisms of action that PR-10 perform. Methods Therefore, three databases were used for the article search: PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. To avoid bias, a protocol with inclusion and exclusion criteria was prepared. In total, 216 articles related to the proposed objective of this study were selected. Results The participation of PR-10 was revealed in the plant's defense against several stressor agents such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, oomycetes, nematodes and insects, and studies involving fungi and bacteria were predominant in the selected articles. Studies with combined techniques showed a compilation of relevant information about PR-10 in biotic stress that collaborate with the understanding of the mechanisms of action of these molecules. The up-regulation of PR-10 was predominant under different conditions of biotic stress, in addition to being more expressive in resistant varieties both at the transcriptional and translational level. Discussion Biological models that have been proposed reveal an intrinsic network of molecular interactions involving the modes of action of PR-10. These include hormonal pathways, transcription factors, physical interactions with effector proteins or pattern recognition receptors and other molecules involved with the plant's defense system. Conclusion The molecular networks involving PR-10 reveal how the plant's defense response is mediated, either to trigger susceptibility or, based on data systematized in this review, more frequently, to have plant resistance to the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha dos Santos Lopes
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DCB), Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética (CBG), Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Ilhéus-Bahia, Brazil
| | - Ariana Silva Santos
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DCB), Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética (CBG), Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Ilhéus-Bahia, Brazil
| | - Diogo Pereira Silva de Novais
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DCB), Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética (CBG), Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Ilhéus-Bahia, Brazil
| | - Carlos Priminho Pirovani
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DCB), Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética (CBG), Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Ilhéus-Bahia, Brazil
| | - Fabienne Micheli
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DCB), Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética (CBG), Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Ilhéus-Bahia, Brazil
- Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD), Unité Mixte de Recherche Amélioration Génétique et Adaptation des Plantes Meditérranéennes et Tropicales (UMR AGAP Institut), Montpellier, France
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7
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Li H, Xu L, Wu W, Peng W, Lou Y, Lu J. Infestation by the Piercing-Sucking Herbivore Nilaparvata lugens Systemically Triggers JA- and SA-Dependent Defense Responses in Rice. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:820. [PMID: 37372105 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
It has been well documented that an infestation of the piercing-sucking herbivore, brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens, activates strong local defenses in rice. However, whether a BPH infestation elicits systemic responses in rice remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigated BPH-induced systemic defenses by detecting the change in expression levels of 12 JA- and/or SA-signaling-responsive marker genes in different rice tissues upon a BPH attack. We found that an infestation of gravid BPH females on rice leaf sheaths significantly increased the local transcript level of all 12 marker genes tested except OsVSP, whose expression was induced only weakly at a later stage of the BPH infestation. Moreover, an infestation of gravid BPH females also systemically up-regulated the transcription levels of three JA-signaling-responsive genes (OsJAZ8, OsJAMyb, and OsPR3), one SA-signaling-responsive gene (OsWRKY62), and two JA- and SA- signaling-responsive genes (OsPR1a and OsPR10a). Our results demonstrate that an infestation of gravid BPH females systemically activates JA- and SA-dependent defenses in rice, which may in turn influence the composition and structure of the community in the rice ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Liping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Weiping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Weizheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yonggen Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Dos Santos C, Franco OL. Pathogenesis-Related Proteins (PRs) with Enzyme Activity Activating Plant Defense Responses. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12112226. [PMID: 37299204 DOI: 10.3390/plants12112226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Throughout evolution, plants have developed a highly complex defense system against different threats, including phytopathogens. Plant defense depends on constitutive and induced factors combined as defense mechanisms. These mechanisms involve a complex signaling network linking structural and biochemical defense. Antimicrobial and pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins are examples of this mechanism, which can accumulate extra- and intracellular space after infection. However, despite their name, some PR proteins are present at low levels even in healthy plant tissues. When they face a pathogen, these PRs can increase in abundance, acting as the first line of plant defense. Thus, PRs play a key role in early defense events, which can reduce the damage and mortality caused by pathogens. In this context, the present review will discuss defense response proteins, which have been identified as PRs, with enzymatic action, including constitutive enzymes, β-1,3 glucanase, chitinase, peroxidase and ribonucleases. From the technological perspective, we discuss the advances of the last decade applied to the study of these enzymes, which are important in the early events of higher plant defense against phytopathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Dos Santos
- S-Inova Biotech, Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande 79117-900, Brazil
| | - Octávio Luiz Franco
- S-Inova Biotech, Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande 79117-900, Brazil
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília 71966-700, Brazil
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Jan N, Rather AMUD, John R, Chaturvedi P, Ghatak A, Weckwerth W, Zargar SM, Mir RA, Khan MA, Mir RR. Proteomics for abiotic stresses in legumes: present status and future directions. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2023; 43:171-190. [PMID: 35109728 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.2025033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Legumes are the most important crop plants in agriculture, contributing 27% of the world's primary food production. However, productivity and production of Legumes is reduced due to increasing environmental stress. Hence, there is a pressing need to understand the molecular mechanism involved in stress response and legumes adaptation. Proteomics provides an important molecular approach to investigate proteins involved in stress response. Both the gel-based and gel-free-based techniques have significantly contributed to understanding the proteome regulatory network in leguminous plants. In the present review, we have discussed the role of different proteomic approaches (2-DE, 2 D-DIGE, ICAT, iTRAQ, etc.) in the identification of various stress-responsive proteins in important leguminous crops, including soybean, chickpea, cowpea, pigeon pea, groundnut, and common bean under variable abiotic stresses including heat, drought, salinity, waterlogging, frost, chilling and metal toxicity. The proteomic analysis has revealed that most of the identified differentially expressed proteins in legumes are involved in photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, signal transduction, protein metabolism, defense, and stress adaptation. The proteomic approaches provide insights in understanding the molecular mechanism of stress tolerance in legumes and have resulted in the identification of candidate genes used for the genetic improvement of plants against various environmental stresses. Identifying novel proteins and determining their expression under different stress conditions provide the basis for effective engineering strategies to improve stress tolerance in crop plants through marker-assisted breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelofer Jan
- Division of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, SKUAST-Kashmir, Kashmir, India
| | | | - Riffat John
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Palak Chaturvedi
- Molecular Systems Biology Lab (MOSYS), Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Arindam Ghatak
- Molecular Systems Biology Lab (MOSYS), Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfram Weckwerth
- Molecular Systems Biology Lab (MOSYS), Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Vienna Metabolomics Center, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sajad Majeed Zargar
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Horticulture, SKUAST-Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Rakeeb Ahmad Mir
- Department of Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Jammu, India
| | - Mohd Anwar Khan
- Division of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, SKUAST-Kashmir, Kashmir, India
| | - Reyazul Rouf Mir
- Division of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, SKUAST-Kashmir, Kashmir, India
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Roy Choudhury A, Trivedi P, Choi J, Madhaiyan M, Park JH, Choi W, Walitang DI, Sa T. Inoculation of ACC deaminase-producing endophytic bacteria down-regulates ethylene-induced pathogenesis-related signaling in red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) under salt stress. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e13909. [PMID: 37026423 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenesis-related (PR) signaling plays multiple roles in plant development under abiotic and biotic stress conditions and is regulated by a plethora of plant physiological as well as external factors. Here, our study was conducted to evaluate the role of an ACC deaminase-producing endophytic bacteria in regulating ethylene-induced PR signaling in red pepper plants under salt stress. We also evaluated the efficiency of the bacteria in down-regulating the PR signaling for efficient colonization and persistence in the plant endosphere. We used a characteristic endophyte, Methylobacterium oryzae CBMB20 and its ACC deaminase knockdown mutant (acdS- ). The wild-type M. oryzae CBMB20 was able to decrease ethylene emission by 23% compared to the noninoculated and acdS- M. oryzae CBMB20 inoculated plants under salt stress. The increase in ethylene emission resulted in enhanced hydrogen peroxide concentration, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity, β-1,3 glucanase activity, and expression profiles of WRKY, CaPR1, and CaPTI1 genes that are typical salt stress and PR signaling factors. Furthermore, the inoculation of both the bacterial strains had shown induction of PR signaling under normal conditions during the initial inoculation period. However, wild-type M. oryzae CBMB20 was able to down-regulate the ethylene-induced PR signaling under salt stress and enhance plant growth and stress tolerance. Collectively, ACC deaminase-producing endophytic bacteria down-regulate the salt stress-mediated PR signaling in plants by regulating the stress ethylene emission levels and this suggests a new paradigm in efficient colonization and persistence of ACC deaminase-producing endophytic bacteria for better plant growth and productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aritra Roy Choudhury
- Department of Environmental and Biological Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
- Microbiome Network and Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Pankaj Trivedi
- Microbiome Network and Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Jeongyun Choi
- Department of Environmental and Biological Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
- Microbiome Network and Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Munusamy Madhaiyan
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jung-Ho Park
- Bio-Evaluation Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, South Korea
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering, University of Science and Technology of Korea, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Wonho Choi
- Bio-Evaluation Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Denver I Walitang
- Department of Environmental and Biological Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
- College of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Romblon State University, Romblon, Philippines
| | - Tongmin Sa
- Department of Environmental and Biological Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
- The Korean Academy of Science and Technology, Seongnam, South Korea
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Khoshru B, Mitra D, Joshi K, Adhikari P, Rion MSI, Fadiji AE, Alizadeh M, Priyadarshini A, Senapati A, Sarikhani MR, Panneerselvam P, Mohapatra PKD, Sushkova S, Minkina T, Keswani C. Decrypting the multi-functional biological activators and inducers of defense responses against biotic stresses in plants. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13825. [PMID: 36873502 PMCID: PMC9981932 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant diseases are still the main problem for the reduction in crop yield and a threat to global food security. Additionally, excessive usage of chemical inputs such as pesticides and fungicides to control plant diseases have created another serious problem for human and environmental health. In view of this, the application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) for controlling plant disease incidences has been identified as an eco-friendly approach for coping with the food security issue. In this review, we have identified different ways by which PGPRs are capable of reducing phytopathogenic infestations and enhancing crop yield. PGPR suppresses plant diseases, both directly and indirectly, mediated by microbial metabolites and signaling components. Microbial synthesized anti-pathogenic metabolites such as siderophores, antibiotics, lytic enzymes, hydrogen cyanide, and several others act directly on phytopathogens. The indirect mechanisms of reducing plant disease infestation are caused by the stimulation of plant immune responses known as initiation of systemic resistance (ISR) which is mediated by triggering plant immune responses elicited through pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). The ISR triggered in the infected region of the plant leads to the development of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) throughout the plant making the plant resistant to a wide range of pathogens. A number of PGPRs including Pseudomonas and Bacillus genera have proven their ability to stimulate ISR. However, there are still some challenges in the large-scale application and acceptance of PGPR for pest and disease management. Further, we discuss the newly formulated PGPR inoculants possessing both plant growth-promoting activities and plant disease suppression ability for a holistic approach to sustaining plant health and enhancing crop productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahman Khoshru
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Debasis Mitra
- Department of Microbiology, Raiganj University, Raiganj - 733 134, West Bengal, India
| | - Kuldeep Joshi
- G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment, Kosi-Katarmal, Almora-263643, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Priyanka Adhikari
- Centre for Excellence on GMP Extraction Facility (DBT, Govt. of India), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research. Guwahati-781101, Assam, India
| | | | - Ayomide Emmanuel Fadiji
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
| | - Mehrdad Alizadeh
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ankita Priyadarshini
- Crop Production Division, ICAR – National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, 753006, Odisha, India
| | - Ansuman Senapati
- Crop Production Division, ICAR – National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, 753006, Odisha, India
| | | | - Periyasamy Panneerselvam
- Crop Production Division, ICAR – National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, 753006, Odisha, India
| | | | - Svetlana Sushkova
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
| | - Tatiana Minkina
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
| | - Chetan Keswani
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
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12
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Chen S, Zhao CB, Ren RM, Jiang JH. Salicylic acid had the potential to enhance tolerance in horticultural crops against abiotic stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1141918. [PMID: 36875563 PMCID: PMC9978390 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1141918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Horticultural crops are greatly disturbed by severe abiotic stress conditions. This is considered one of the major threats to the healthy lives of the human population. Salicylic acid (SA) is famous as one of the multifunctional phytohormones that are widely found in plants. It is also an important bio-stimulator involved in the regulation of growth and the developmental stages of horticultural crops. The productivity of horticultural crops has been improved with the supplemental use of even small amounts of SA. It has good capability to reduce oxidative injuries that occur from the over-production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), potentially elevated photosynthesis, chlorophyll pigments, and stomatal regulation. Physiological and biochemical processes have revealed that SA enhances signaling molecules, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, osmolytes, and secondary metabolites activities within the cell compartments of plants. Numerous genomic approaches have also explored that SA regulates transcriptions profiling, transcriptional apprehensions, genomic expression, and metabolism of stress-related genes. Many plant biologists have been working on SA and its functioning in plants; however, its involvement in the enhancement of tolerance against abiotic stress in horticultural crops is still unidentified and needs more attention. Therefore, the current review is focused on a detailed exploration of SA in physiological and biochemical processes in horticultural crops subjected to abiotic stress. The current information is comprehensive and aims to be more supportive of the development of higher-yielding germplasm against abiotic stress.
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13
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Mmbando GS, Ando S, Takahashi H, Hidema J. High ultraviolet-B sensitivity due to lower CPD photolyase activity is needed for biotic stress response to the rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae. PHOTOCHEMICAL & PHOTOBIOLOGICAL SCIENCES : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN PHOTOCHEMISTRY ASSOCIATION AND THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY FOR PHOTOBIOLOGY 2023:10.1007/s43630-023-00379-4. [PMID: 36729358 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00379-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Sensitivity to ultraviolet-B (UVB, 280-315 nm) radiation varies widely among rice (Oryza sativa) cultivars due to differences in the activity of cyclobutane pyrimidines dimer (CPD) photolyase. Interestingly, cultivars with high UVB sensitivity and low CPD photolyase activity have been domesticated in tropical areas with high UVB radiation. Here, we investigated how differences in CPD photolyase activity affect plant resistance to the rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae, which is one of the other major stresses. We used Asian and African rice cultivars and transgenic lines with different CPD photolyase activities to evaluate the interaction effects of CPD photolyase activity on resistance to M. oryzae. In UVB-resistant rice plants overexpressing CPD photolyase, 12 h of low-dose UVB (0.4 W m-2) pretreatment enhanced sensitivity to M. oryzae. In contrast, UVB-sensitive rice (transgenic rice with antisense CPD photolyase, A-S; and rice cultivars with low CPD photolyase activity) showed resistance to M. oryzae. Several defense-related genes were upregulated in UVB-sensitive rice compared to UVB-resistant rice. UVB-pretreated A-S plants showed decreased multicellular infection and robust accumulation of reactive oxygen species. High UVB-induced CPD accumulation promoted defense responses and cross-protection mechanisms against rice blast disease. This may indicate a trade-off between high UVB sensitivity and biotic stress tolerance in tropical rice cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gideon S Mmbando
- Department of Molecular and Chemical Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan.,Department of Biology, College of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, University of Dodoma, P. O. Box 256, Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Sugihiro Ando
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8572, Japan
| | - Hideki Takahashi
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8572, Japan
| | - Jun Hidema
- Department of Molecular and Chemical Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan.
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14
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Sánchez-Sanuy F, Mateluna-Cuadra R, Tomita K, Okada K, Sacchi GA, Campo S, San Segundo B. Iron Induces Resistance Against the Rice Blast Fungus Magnaporthe oryzae Through Potentiation of Immune Responses. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 15:68. [PMID: 36566483 PMCID: PMC9790844 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-022-00609-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Iron is an essential nutrient required for plant growth and development. The availability of iron might also influence disease resistance in plants. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in the plant response to iron availability and immunity have been investigated separately from each other. In this work, we found that exposure of rice plants to high iron enhances resistance to infection by the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae, the causal agent of blast disease. RNA-Seq analysis revealed that blast resistance in iron-treated rice plants was associated with superinduction of defense-related genes during pathogen infection, including Pathogenesis-Related genes. The expression level of genes involved in the biosynthesis of phytoalexins, both diterpene phytoalexins and the flavonoid phytoalexin sakuranetin, was also higher in iron-treated plants compared with control plants, which correlated well with increased levels of phytoalexins in these plants during M. oryzae infection. Upon pathogen infection, lipid peroxidation was also higher in iron-treated plants compared with non-treated plants. We also show that M. oryzae infection modulates the expression of genes that play a pivotal role in the maintenance of iron homeostasis. Histochemical analysis of M. oryzae-infected leaves revealed colocalization of iron and reactive oxygen species in cells located in the vicinity of fungal penetration sites (e.g. appressoria) in rice plants that have been exposed to iron. Together these findings support that ferroptosis plays a role in the response of iron-treated rice plants to infection by virulent M. oryzae. Understanding interconnected regulations between iron signaling and immune signaling in rice holds great potential for developing novel strategies to improve blast resistance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferran Sánchez-Sanuy
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roberto Mateluna-Cuadra
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Keisuke Tomita
- Biotechnology Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazunori Okada
- Biotechnology Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gian Attilio Sacchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sonia Campo
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), Barcelona, Spain.
- Fundació Miquel Agustí, Campus Baix Llobregat, Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Blanca San Segundo
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), Barcelona, Spain.
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.
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15
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Guo J, Cao P, Yuan L, Xia G, Zhang H, Li J, Wang F. Revealing the contribution of GbPR10.5D1 to resistance against Verticillium dahliae and its regulation for structural defense and immune signaling. THE PLANT GENOME 2022; 15:e20271. [PMID: 36281215 DOI: 10.1002/tpg2.20271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As an important family of pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins, the functional diversification and roles of PR10s in biotic stress have been well documented. However, the molecular basis of PR10s in plant defense responses against pathogens remains to be further understood. In the present study, we analyzed the phylogenetic relationship and function of a novel PR10 named GbPR10.5D1 in Sea-Island (or Pima or Egyptian) cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.), which has been identified as a Verticillium dahliae Kleb.-induced protein in a previous proteomics study. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that GbPR10.5D1, located on chromosome 2, is a unique member of GbPR10. The expression of GbPR10.5D1 was preferably in the root and induced upon V. dahliae infection. GbPR10.5D1 proteins were distributed in both nucleus and cytoplasm. GbPR10.5D1-virus-induced gene-silencing (VIGS) cotton plants were more susceptible to infection by V. dahliae, whereas overexpression (OE) of GbPR10.5D1 in cotton enhanced the resistance. By comparative transcriptome analysis between GbPR10.5D1-OE and wild-type (WT) plants and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) verification, we found transcriptional activation of genes involved in cutin, suberine, and wax biosynthesis and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling under normal conditions. Upon pathogen infection, defense signaling, fatty acid degradation, and glycerolipid metabolism were specifically activated in GbPR10.5D1-OE plants; biological processes (BPs), including glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, DNA replication, and cell wall organization, were specifically repressed in WT plants. Collectively, we proposed that GbPR10.5D1 possibly mediated lipid metabolism pathway to strengthen structural defense and activate defense signaling, which largely released the repression of cell growth caused by V. dahliae infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Univ., Baoding, 071002, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity Research and Application of Hebei Province, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Peihua Cao
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Univ., Baoding, 071002, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity Research and Application of Hebei Province, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Leitian Yuan
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Univ., Baoding, 071002, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity Research and Application of Hebei Province, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Guixian Xia
- Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Huanyang Zhang
- Institute of Cotton Research, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yuncheng, Shanxi, 044000, China
| | - Jing Li
- Institute of Cotton Research, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yuncheng, Shanxi, 044000, China
| | - Fuxin Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Univ., Baoding, 071002, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity Research and Application of Hebei Province, Baoding, 071002, China
- Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
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16
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Kumar R, Bahuguna RN, Tiwari M, Pal M, Chinnusamy V, Sreeman S, Muthurajan R, Krishna Jagadish SV. Walking through crossroads-rice responses to heat and biotic stress interactions. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2022; 135:4065-4081. [PMID: 35713657 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-022-04131-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rice, the most important source of calories for humans is prone to severe yield loss due to changing climate including heat stress. Additionally, rice encounters biotic stresses in conjunction with heat stress, which exacerbates the adverse effects, and exponentially increase such losses. Several investigations have identified biotic and heat stress-related quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that may contribute to improved tolerance to these stresses. However, a significant knowledge gap exists in identifying the genomic regions imparting tolerance against combined biotic and heat stress. Hereby, we are presenting a conceptual meta-analysis identifying genomic regions that may be promising candidates for enhancing combined biotic and heat stress tolerance in rice. Fourteen common genomic regions were identified along chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 10 and 12, which harbored 1265 genes related to heat stress and defense responses in rice. Further, the meta expression analysis revealed 24 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in calcium-mediated stress signaling including transcription factors Myb, bHLH, ROS signaling, molecular chaperones HSP110 and pathogenesis related proteins. Additionally, we also proposed a hypothetical model based on GO and MapMan analysis representing the pathways intersecting heat and biotic stresses. These DEGs can be potential candidate genes for improving tolerance to combined biotic and heat stress in rice. We present a framework highlighting plausible connecting links (QTLs/genes) between rice response to heat stress and different biotic factors associated with yield, that can be extended to other crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritesh Kumar
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Rajeev N Bahuguna
- Center for Advanced Studies on Climate Change, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, India
| | - Manish Tiwari
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Madan Pal
- Division of Plant Physiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Viswanathan Chinnusamy
- Division of Plant Physiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Sheshshayee Sreeman
- Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Raveendran Muthurajan
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641003, India.
| | - S V Krishna Jagadish
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA.
- Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, India.
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641003, India.
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.
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17
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Akohoue F, Miedaner T. Meta-analysis and co-expression analysis revealed stable QTL and candidate genes conferring resistances to Fusarium and Gibberella ear rots while reducing mycotoxin contamination in maize. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1050891. [PMID: 36388551 PMCID: PMC9662303 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1050891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium (FER) and Gibberella ear rots (GER) are the two most devastating diseases of maize (Zea mays L.) which reduce yield and affect grain quality worldwide, especially by contamination with mycotoxins. Genetic improvement of host resistance to effectively tackle FER and GER diseases requires the identification of stable quantitative trait loci (QTL) to facilitate the application of genomics-assisted breeding for improving selection efficiency in breeding programs. We applied improved meta-analysis algorithms to re-analyze 224 QTL identified in 15 studies based on dense genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in order to identify meta-QTL (MQTL) and colocalized genomic loci for fumonisin (FUM) and deoxynivalenol (DON) accumulation, silk (SR) and kernel (KR) resistances of both FER and GER, kernel dry-down rate (KDD) and husk coverage (HC). A high-resolution genetic consensus map with 36,243 loci was constructed and enabled the projection of 164 of the 224 collected QTL. Candidate genes (CG) mining was performed within the most refined MQTL, and identified CG were cross-validated using publicly available transcriptomic data of maize under Fusarium graminearum infection. The meta-analysis revealed 40 MQTL, of which 29 were associated each with 2-5 FER- and/or GER-related traits. Twenty-eight of the 40 MQTL were common to both FER and GER resistances and 19 MQTL were common to silk and kernel resistances. Fourteen most refined MQTL on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 and 9 harbored a total of 2,272 CG. Cross-validation identified 59 of these CG as responsive to FER and/or GER diseases. MQTL ZmMQTL2.2, ZmMQTL9.2 and ZmMQTL9.4 harbored promising resistance genes, of which GRMZM2G011151 and GRMZM2G093092 were specific to the resistant line for both diseases and encoded "terpene synthase21 (tps21)" and "flavonoid O-methyltransferase2 (fomt2)", respectively. Our findings revealed stable refined MQTL harboring promising candidate genes for use in breeding programs for improving FER and GER resistances with reduced mycotoxin accumulation. These candidate genes can be transferred into elite cultivars by integrating refined MQTL into genomics-assisted backcross breeding strategies.
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18
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Arraes FBM, Vasquez DDN, Tahir M, Pinheiro DH, Faheem M, Freitas-Alves NS, Moreira-Pinto CE, Moreira VJV, Paes-de-Melo B, Lisei-de-Sa ME, Morgante CV, Mota APZ, Lourenço-Tessutti IT, Togawa RC, Grynberg P, Fragoso RR, de Almeida-Engler J, Larsen MR, Grossi-de-Sa MF. Integrated Omic Approaches Reveal Molecular Mechanisms of Tolerance during Soybean and Meloidogyne incognita Interactions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11202744. [PMID: 36297768 PMCID: PMC9612212 DOI: 10.3390/plants11202744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The root-knot nematode (RKN), Meloidogyne incognita, is a devastating soybean pathogen worldwide. The use of resistant cultivars is the most effective method to prevent economic losses caused by RKNs. To elucidate the mechanisms involved in resistance to RKN, we determined the proteome and transcriptome profiles from roots of susceptible (BRS133) and highly tolerant (PI 595099) Glycine max genotypes 4, 12, and 30 days after RKN infestation. After in silico analysis, we described major defense molecules and mechanisms considered constitutive responses to nematode infestation, such as mTOR, PI3K-Akt, relaxin, and thermogenesis. The integrated data allowed us to identify protein families and metabolic pathways exclusively regulated in tolerant soybean genotypes. Among them, we highlighted the phenylpropanoid pathway as an early, robust, and systemic defense process capable of controlling M. incognita reproduction. Associated with this metabolic pathway, 29 differentially expressed genes encoding 11 different enzymes were identified, mainly from the flavonoid and derivative pathways. Based on differential expression in transcriptomic and proteomic data, as well as in the expression profile by RT-qPCR, and previous studies, we selected and overexpressed the GmPR10 gene in transgenic tobacco to assess its protective effect against M. incognita. Transgenic plants of the T2 generation showed up to 58% reduction in the M. incognita reproduction factor. Finally, data suggest that GmPR10 overexpression can be effective against the plant parasitic nematode M. incognita, but its mechanism of action remains unclear. These findings will help develop new engineered soybean genotypes with higher performance in response to RKN infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabricio B M Arraes
- Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology (PPGBCM), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 91501-970, RS, Brazil
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Plant-Pest Molecular Interaction Laboratory (LIMPP) and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Brasilia 70770-917, DF, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology (INCT PlantStress Biotech), Brasilia 70770-917, DF, Brazil
| | - Daniel D N Vasquez
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Plant-Pest Molecular Interaction Laboratory (LIMPP) and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Brasilia 70770-917, DF, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology (INCT PlantStress Biotech), Brasilia 70770-917, DF, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology (PPGCGB), Catholic University of Brasilia (UCB), Brasilia 71966-700, DF, Brazil
| | - Muhammed Tahir
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Daniele H Pinheiro
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Plant-Pest Molecular Interaction Laboratory (LIMPP) and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Brasilia 70770-917, DF, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology (INCT PlantStress Biotech), Brasilia 70770-917, DF, Brazil
| | - Muhammed Faheem
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Plant-Pest Molecular Interaction Laboratory (LIMPP) and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Brasilia 70770-917, DF, Brazil
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, The Mall, Rawalpindi 46000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Nayara S Freitas-Alves
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Plant-Pest Molecular Interaction Laboratory (LIMPP) and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Brasilia 70770-917, DF, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology (PPGEBB), Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 80060-000, PR, Brazil
| | - Clídia E Moreira-Pinto
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Plant-Pest Molecular Interaction Laboratory (LIMPP) and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Brasilia 70770-917, DF, Brazil
| | - Valdeir J V Moreira
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Plant-Pest Molecular Interaction Laboratory (LIMPP) and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Brasilia 70770-917, DF, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology (INCT PlantStress Biotech), Brasilia 70770-917, DF, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Molecular Biology (PPGBiomol), University of Brasilia (UnB), Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
| | - Bruno Paes-de-Melo
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Plant-Pest Molecular Interaction Laboratory (LIMPP) and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Brasilia 70770-917, DF, Brazil
| | - Maria E Lisei-de-Sa
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Plant-Pest Molecular Interaction Laboratory (LIMPP) and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Brasilia 70770-917, DF, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology (INCT PlantStress Biotech), Brasilia 70770-917, DF, Brazil
- Minas Gerais Agricultural Research Company (EPAMIG), Uberaba 31170-495, MG, Brazil
| | - Carolina V Morgante
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Plant-Pest Molecular Interaction Laboratory (LIMPP) and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Brasilia 70770-917, DF, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology (INCT PlantStress Biotech), Brasilia 70770-917, DF, Brazil
- Embrapa Semiarid, Petrolina 56302-970, PE, Brazil
| | - Ana P Z Mota
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Plant-Pest Molecular Interaction Laboratory (LIMPP) and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Brasilia 70770-917, DF, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology (INCT PlantStress Biotech), Brasilia 70770-917, DF, Brazil
- INRAE, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 06903 Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - Isabela T Lourenço-Tessutti
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Plant-Pest Molecular Interaction Laboratory (LIMPP) and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Brasilia 70770-917, DF, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology (INCT PlantStress Biotech), Brasilia 70770-917, DF, Brazil
| | - Roberto C Togawa
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Plant-Pest Molecular Interaction Laboratory (LIMPP) and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Brasilia 70770-917, DF, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology (INCT PlantStress Biotech), Brasilia 70770-917, DF, Brazil
| | - Priscila Grynberg
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Plant-Pest Molecular Interaction Laboratory (LIMPP) and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Brasilia 70770-917, DF, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology (INCT PlantStress Biotech), Brasilia 70770-917, DF, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo R Fragoso
- National Institute of Science and Technology (INCT PlantStress Biotech), Brasilia 70770-917, DF, Brazil
- Embrapa Agroenergy, Brasilia 70770-901, DF, Brazil
| | - Janice de Almeida-Engler
- National Institute of Science and Technology (INCT PlantStress Biotech), Brasilia 70770-917, DF, Brazil
- INRAE, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 06903 Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - Martin R Larsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Maria F Grossi-de-Sa
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Plant-Pest Molecular Interaction Laboratory (LIMPP) and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Brasilia 70770-917, DF, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology (INCT PlantStress Biotech), Brasilia 70770-917, DF, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology (PPGCGB), Catholic University of Brasilia (UCB), Brasilia 71966-700, DF, Brazil
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Zhang B, Gao H, Wang G, Zhang S, Shi M, Li Y, Huang Z, Xiang W, Gao W, Zhang C, Liu X. Guvermectin, a novel plant growth regulator, can promote the growth and high temperature tolerance of maize. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1025634. [PMID: 36311060 PMCID: PMC9615569 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1025634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Guvermectin is a recently discovered microbial N9-glucoside cytokinin compound extracted from Streptomyces sanjiangensis NEAU6. Although some research has reported that N9-glucoside cytokinin compounds do not have the activity of cytokinin, it has been noted that guvermectin can promote growth and antifungal activity in Arabidopsis. Maize is an important food crop in the world and exploring the effect of guvermectin on this crop could help its cultivation in regions with adverse environmental conditions such as a high temperature. Here, we investigated the effects of guvermectin seed soaking treatment on the growth of maize at the seedlings stage and its yield attributes with different temperature stresses. The maize (cv. Zhengdan 958) with guvermectin seed soaking treatment were in two systems: paper roll culture and field conditions. Guvermectin seed soaking treated plants had increased plant height, root length, and mesocotyl length at the seedlings stage, and spike weight at maturity in the field. But only root length was increased at the paper roll culture by guvermectin seed soaking treatment. Guvermectin seed soaking treatment reduced the adverse effects on maize seedling when grow at a high temperature. Further experiments showed that, in high temperature conditions, guvermectin treatment promoted the accumulation of heat shock protein (HSP) 17.0, HSP 17.4 and HSP 17.9 in maize roots. Comparative transcriptomic profiling showed there were 33 common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in guvermectin treated plants under high temperature and room temperature conditions. The DEGs suggested that guvermectin treatment led to the differential modulation of several transcripts mainly related with plant defense, stress response, and terpenoid biosynthesis. Taken together, these results suggested that the guvermectin treatment promoted the growth and tolerance of high temperature stresses, possibly by activation of related pathways. These results show that guvermectin is a novel plant growth regulator and could be developed as an application to maize seeds to promote growth in high temperature environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borui Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Huige Gao
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guozhen Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Sicong Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengru Shi
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongqiao Huang
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wensheng Xiang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenna Gao
- Science and Technology Research Center of China Customs, Beijing, China
| | - Can Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xili Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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20
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Niu Y, Huang X, He Z, Zhang Q, Meng H, Shi H, Feng B, Zhou Y, Zhang J, Lu G, Wang Z, Zhang W, Tang D, Wang M. Phosphorylation of OsTGA5 by casein kinase II compromises its suppression of defense-related gene transcription in rice. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:3425-3442. [PMID: 35642941 PMCID: PMC9421590 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plants manage the high cost of immunity activation by suppressing the expression of defense genes during normal growth and rapidly switching them on upon pathogen invasion. TGAs are key transcription factors controlling the expression of defense genes. However, how TGAs function, especially in monocot plants like rice with continuously high levels of endogenous salicylic acid (SA) remains elusive. In this study, we characterized the role of OsTGA5 as a negative regulator of rice resistance against blast fungus by transcriptionally repressing the expression of various defense-related genes. Moreover, OsTGA5 repressed PTI responses and the accumulation of endogenous SA. Importantly, we showed that the nucleus-localized casein kinase II (CK2) complex interacts with and phosphorylates OsTGA5 on Ser-32, which reduces the affinity of OsTGA5 for the JIOsPR10 promoter, thereby alleviating the repression of JIOsPR10 transcription and increasing rice resistance. Furthermore, the in vivo phosphorylation of OsTGA5 Ser-32 was enhanced by blast fungus infection. The CK2 α subunit, depending on its kinase activity, positively regulated rice defense against blast fungus. Taken together, our results provide a mechanism for the role of OsTGA5 in negatively regulating the transcription of defense-related genes in rice and the repressive switch imposed by nuclear CK2-mediated phosphorylation during blast fungus invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Niu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian University Key Laboratory for Plant–Microbe Interaction, Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiaoguang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian University Key Laboratory for Plant–Microbe Interaction, Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zexue He
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, JiangSu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qingqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian University Key Laboratory for Plant–Microbe Interaction, Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Han Meng
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian University Key Laboratory for Plant–Microbe Interaction, Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hua Shi
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian University Key Laboratory for Plant–Microbe Interaction, Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Baomin Feng
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian University Key Laboratory for Plant–Microbe Interaction, Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | | | - Jianfu Zhang
- Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350019, China
| | - Guodong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zonghua Wang
- Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, JiangSu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dingzhong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian University Key Laboratory for Plant–Microbe Interaction, Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Mo Wang
- Author for correspondence: (Y.Z.), (M.W.)
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21
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Zhang R, Zhang Z, Wang S, Zhao T, Zhang D, Ma N, Wang Y. Saline-alkali stress tolerance is enhanced by MhPR1 in Malus halliana leaves as shown by transcriptomic analyses. PLANTA 2022; 256:51. [PMID: 35906360 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03940-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
qRT-PCR analysis showed that MhPR1 was strongly induced by saline-alkali stress. Overexpression of MhPR1 enhanced tolerance to saline-alkali stress in transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) and apple calli. Abstract: Soil salinization seriously threaten apple growth in Northwest loess plateau of China. Malus halliana has developed special system to adapt to saline-alkali environmental stress. To obtain a more detailed understanding of the adaptation mechanisms involved in M. halliana, a transcriptomic approach was used to analyze the leaves' pathways in the stress and its regulatory mechanisms. RNA-Seq showed that among the 16,246 investigated unigenes under saline-alkali stress, 7268 genes were up-regulated and 8978 genes were down-regulated. KEGG analysis indicated that most of the enriched saline-alkali-responsive genes were mainly involved in plant hormone, calcium signal transduction, amino acids, carotenoid and flavonoids biosynthesis, carbon and phenylalanine metabolism, and other secondary metabolites. Expression profile analysis by quantitative real-time PCR confirmed that the maximum up-regulation of MhPR1 under saline-alkali stress was 7.1 folds in leaves. Overexpression of MhPR1 enhanced tolerance to saline-alkali stress in transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) and apple calli. Taken together, our results demonstrate that MhPR1 encodes a saline-alkali-responsive transcriptional activator and provide valuable information for further study of PR1 functions in apple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongxing Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangcheng Wang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - De Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Naiying Ma
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanxiu Wang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Fang X, Ma J, Guo F, Qi D, Zhao M, Zhang C, Wang L, Song B, Liu S, He S, Liu Y, Wu J, Xu P, Zhang S. The AP2/ERF GmERF113 Positively Regulates the Drought Response by Activating GmPR10-1 in Soybean. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158159. [PMID: 35897735 PMCID: PMC9330420 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ethylene response factors (ERFs) are involved in biotic and abiotic stress; however, the drought resistance mechanisms of many ERFs in soybeans have not been resolved. Previously, we proved that GmERF113 enhances resistance to the pathogen Phytophthora sojae in soybean. Here, we determined that GmERF113 is induced by 20% PEG-6000. Compared to the wild-type plants, soybean plants overexpressing GmERF113 (GmERF113-OE) displayed increased drought tolerance which was characterized by milder leaf wilting, less water loss from detached leaves, smaller stomatal aperture, lower Malondialdehyde (MDA) content, increased proline accumulation, and higher Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Peroxidase (POD) activities under drought stress, whereas plants with GmERF113 silenced through RNA interference were the opposite. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and dual effector-reporter assays showed that GmERF113 binds to the GCC-box in the GmPR10-1 promoter, activating GmPR10-1 expression directly. Overexpressing GmPR10-1 improved drought resistance in the composite soybean plants with transgenic hairy roots. RNA-seq analysis revealed that GmERF113 downregulates abscisic acid 8′-hydroxylase 3 (GmABA8’-OH 3) and upregulates various drought-related genes. Overexpressing GmERF113 and GmPR10-1 increased the abscisic acid (ABA) content and reduced the expression of GmABA8’-OH3 in transgenic soybean plants and hairy roots, respectively. These results reveal that the GmERF113-GmPR10-1 pathway improves drought resistance and affects the ABA content in soybean, providing a theoretical basis for the molecular breeding of drought-tolerant soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Fang
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (X.F.); (J.M.); (F.G.); (D.Q.); (M.Z.); (C.Z.); (L.W.); (B.S.); (S.L.); (S.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Jia Ma
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (X.F.); (J.M.); (F.G.); (D.Q.); (M.Z.); (C.Z.); (L.W.); (B.S.); (S.L.); (S.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Fengcai Guo
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (X.F.); (J.M.); (F.G.); (D.Q.); (M.Z.); (C.Z.); (L.W.); (B.S.); (S.L.); (S.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Dongyue Qi
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (X.F.); (J.M.); (F.G.); (D.Q.); (M.Z.); (C.Z.); (L.W.); (B.S.); (S.L.); (S.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Ming Zhao
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (X.F.); (J.M.); (F.G.); (D.Q.); (M.Z.); (C.Z.); (L.W.); (B.S.); (S.L.); (S.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Chuanzhong Zhang
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (X.F.); (J.M.); (F.G.); (D.Q.); (M.Z.); (C.Z.); (L.W.); (B.S.); (S.L.); (S.H.); (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Le Wang
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (X.F.); (J.M.); (F.G.); (D.Q.); (M.Z.); (C.Z.); (L.W.); (B.S.); (S.L.); (S.H.); (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Bo Song
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (X.F.); (J.M.); (F.G.); (D.Q.); (M.Z.); (C.Z.); (L.W.); (B.S.); (S.L.); (S.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (X.F.); (J.M.); (F.G.); (D.Q.); (M.Z.); (C.Z.); (L.W.); (B.S.); (S.L.); (S.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Shengfu He
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (X.F.); (J.M.); (F.G.); (D.Q.); (M.Z.); (C.Z.); (L.W.); (B.S.); (S.L.); (S.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yaguang Liu
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (X.F.); (J.M.); (F.G.); (D.Q.); (M.Z.); (C.Z.); (L.W.); (B.S.); (S.L.); (S.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Junjiang Wu
- Soybean Research Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Soybean Cultivation of Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin 150030, China;
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (X.F.); (J.M.); (F.G.); (D.Q.); (M.Z.); (C.Z.); (L.W.); (B.S.); (S.L.); (S.H.); (Y.L.)
- Correspondence: (P.X.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shuzhen Zhang
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (X.F.); (J.M.); (F.G.); (D.Q.); (M.Z.); (C.Z.); (L.W.); (B.S.); (S.L.); (S.H.); (Y.L.)
- Correspondence: (P.X.); (S.Z.)
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23
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Chayjarung P, Phonherm M, Inmano O, Kongbangkerd A, Wongsa T, Limmongkon A. Influence of peanut hairy root cultivars on prenylated stilbenoid production and the response mechanism for combining the elicitors of chitosan, methyl jasmonate, and cyclodextrin. PLANTA 2022; 256:32. [PMID: 35794498 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03946-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Peanut cultivars are known to produce stilbene compounds. Transcriptional control plays a key role in the early stages of the stress response mechanism, involving both PR-proteins and stilbene compounds. In this study, the production of stilbenoid compounds, especially prenylated, was investigated in two cultivars of peanut hairy root lines, designated as K2-K599 and T9-K599 elicited with a combination of chitosan (CHT), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and cyclodextrin (CD): CHT + MeJA + CD. The antioxidant activities and stilbenoid content of both K2-K599 and T9-K599 hairy root lines increased significantly during the elicitation period. The T9-K599 hairy root line expressed higher ABTS and FRAP antioxidant activities than the K2-K599 line while the latter exhibited greater total phenolic content than the former at all-time points. Additionally, the K2-K599 line exhibited more stilbene compounds, including trans-resveratrol, trans-arachidin-1, and trans-arachidin-3 than the T9-K599 line, which showed statistically significant differences at all-time points. Gene expression of the enzyme involved in the stilbene biosynthesis pathway (PAL, RS, RS3) was observed, responding early to elicitor treatment and the metabolic production of a high level of stilbenoid compounds at a later stage. The antioxidant enzyme (CuZn-SOD, APX, GPX) and pathogenesis-related protein (PR; PR4A, PR5, PR10, chitinase) genes were strongly expressed after elicitor treatment at 24 h and decreased with an increasing elicitation time. Investigation of the response mechanism illustrates that the elicitor treatment can affect various plant responses, including plant cell wall structure and integrity, antioxidant system, PR-proteins, and secondary plant metabolites at different time points after facing external environmental stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phadtraphorn Chayjarung
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Montinee Phonherm
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Onrut Inmano
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Anupan Kongbangkerd
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Thanakorn Wongsa
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Kamphaeng Phet Rajabhat University, Kamphaeng phet, 62000, Thailand
| | - Apinun Limmongkon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand.
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Bandyopadhyay P, Yadav BG, Kumar SG, Kumar R, Kogel KH, Kumar S. Piriformospora indica and Azotobacter chroococcum Consortium Facilitates Higher Acquisition of N, P with Improved Carbon Allocation and Enhanced Plant Growth in Oryza sativa. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8050453. [PMID: 35628709 PMCID: PMC9146537 DOI: 10.3390/jof8050453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The soil microbiome contributes to nutrient acquisition and plant adaptation to numerous biotic and abiotic stresses. Numerous studies have been conducted over the past decade showing that plants take up nutrients better when associated with fungi and additional beneficial bacteria that promote plant growth, but the mechanisms by which the plant host benefits from this tripartite association are not yet fully understood. In this article, we report on a synergistic interaction between rice (Oryza sativa), Piriformospora indica (an endophytic fungus colonizing the rice roots), and Azotobacter chroococcum strain W5, a free-living nitrogen-fixing bacterium. On the basis of mRNA expression analysis and enzymatic activity, we found that co-inoculation of plant roots with the fungus and the rhizobacterium leads to enhanced plant growth and improved nutrient uptake compared to inoculation with either of the two microbes individually. Proteome analysis of O. sativa further revealed that proteins involved in nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism are upregulated and improve nitrogen and phosphate uptake. Our results also show that A. chroococcum supports colonization of rice roots by P. indica, and consequentially, the plants are more resistant to biotic stress upon co-colonization. Our research provides detailed insights into the mechanisms by which microbial partners synergistically promote each other in the interaction while being associated with the host plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasun Bandyopadhyay
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India; (P.B.); (B.G.Y.); (S.G.K.); (R.K.)
| | - Bal Govind Yadav
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India; (P.B.); (B.G.Y.); (S.G.K.); (R.K.)
| | - Srinivasan Ganesh Kumar
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India; (P.B.); (B.G.Y.); (S.G.K.); (R.K.)
| | - Rahul Kumar
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India; (P.B.); (B.G.Y.); (S.G.K.); (R.K.)
| | - Karl-Heinz Kogel
- Institute for Phytopathology, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26, D-35392 Giessen, Germany;
| | - Shashi Kumar
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India; (P.B.); (B.G.Y.); (S.G.K.); (R.K.)
- Correspondence:
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25
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Pandey A, Yadav R, Sanyal I. Evaluating the pesticidal impact of plant protease inhibitors: lethal weaponry in the co-evolutionary battle. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:855-868. [PMID: 34570437 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the arsenal of plant defense, protease inhibitors (PIs) are well-designed defensive products to counter field pests. PIs are produced in plant tissues by means of 'stable defense metabolite' and triggered on demand as the perception of the signal and well established as a part of plant active defense. PIs have been utilized for approximately four decades, initially as a gene-alone approach that was later replaced by multiple gene pyramiding/gene stacking due to insect adaptability towards the PI alone. By considering the adaptive responses of the pest to the single insecticidal gene, the concept of gene pyramiding gained continuous appreciation for the development of transgenic crops to deal with co-evolving pests. Gene pyramiding approaches are executed to bypass the insect's adaptive responses against PIs. Stacking PIs with additional insecticidal proteins, plastid engineering, recombinant proteinase inhibitors, RNAi-based methods and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing are the advanced tools and methods for next-generation pest management. Undoubtedly, the domain associated with the mechanism of PIs in the course of plant-pest interactions will occupy a central role for the advancement of more efficient and sustainable pest control strategies. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankesh Pandey
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Reena Yadav
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Nainital, India
| | - Indraneel Sanyal
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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26
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Rajendram A, Mostaffa NH, Dumin W, Oke MA, Simarani K, Somasundram C, Razali Z, Rejab NA, Al-Idrus A. Dual activity of Meloidogyne incognita-regulated Musa acuminata Pathogenesis-related-10 (MaPR-10) gene. Gene 2022; 809:146041. [PMID: 34710526 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.146041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Plant immunity to pathogen infections is a dynamic response that involves multiple organelles and defence signalling systems such as hypersensitive response (HR) and systemic acquired resistance (SAR). The latter requires the function of Pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins, a common plant protein family with diverse roles in plant innate immunity. Our previous proteomics study showed that a PR gene (ITC1587_Bchr9_P26466_MUSBA) was differentially regulated during a compatible banana-M. incognita interaction, substantiating the isolation of this gene in the current study. Here, we successfully isolated and characterised Pathogenesis-related-10 (PR10) gene with β-1,3-glucanase and ribonuclease (RNase) activities from two Musa acuminata cultivars (denoted as MaPR10) namely Berangan and Grand Naine (ITC1256). We found that MaPR10 cloned sequences possess glycine-rich loop domain and shared conserved motifs specific to PR10 gene group, confirming its identity as a member of this group. Interestingly, we also found a catalytic domain sequence for glycoside hydrolase family 16 (EXDXXE), unique only to MaPR10 cloned sequences. Two peptide variants closely related to the reference sequence ITC1587_Bchr9_P26466_MUSBA namely MaPR10-BeB5 and MaPR10-GNA5 were overexpressed and purified to test for their functionality. Here, we confirmed that both protein variants possess β-1,3-glucanase and ribonuclease (RNase) activities, and inhibit the growth of Aspergillus fumigatus, a human opportunistic pathogen. To our knowledge, this is the first PR10 plant proteins with such properties to be reported thus far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arullthevan Rajendram
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nur Hikmah Mostaffa
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Walftor Dumin
- Horticultural and Herbal Crop Environment Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Mushafau Adebayo Oke
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Khanom Simarani
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chandran Somasundram
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zuliana Razali
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nur Ardiyana Rejab
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Aisyafaznim Al-Idrus
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Iqbal S, Wang X, Mubeen I, Kamran M, Kanwal I, Díaz GA, Abbas A, Parveen A, Atiq MN, Alshaya H, Zin El-Abedin TK, Fahad S. Phytohormones Trigger Drought Tolerance in Crop Plants: Outlook and Future Perspectives. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:799318. [PMID: 35095971 PMCID: PMC8792739 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.799318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In the past and present, human activities have been involved in triggering global warming, causing drought stresses that affect animals and plants. Plants are more defenseless against drought stress; and therefore, plant development and productive output are decreased. To decrease the effect of drought stress on plants, it is crucial to establish a plant feedback mechanism of resistance to drought. The drought reflex mechanisms include the physical stature physiology and biochemical, cellular, and molecular-based processes. Briefly, improving the root system, leaf structure, osmotic-balance, comparative water contents and stomatal adjustment are considered as most prominent features against drought resistance in crop plants. In addition, the signal transduction pathway and reactive clearance of oxygen are crucial mechanisms for coping with drought stress via calcium and phytohormones such as abscisic acid, salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, auxin, gibberellin, ethylene, brassinosteroids and peptide molecules. Furthermore, microorganisms, such as fungal and bacterial organisms, play a vital role in increasing resistance against drought stress in plants. The number of characteristic loci, transgenic methods and the application of exogenous substances [nitric oxide, (C28H48O6) 24-epibrassinolide, proline, and glycine betaine] are also equally important for enhancing the drought resistance of plants. In a nutshell, the current review will mainly focus on the role of phytohormones and related mechanisms involved in drought tolerance in various crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shehzad Iqbal
- Faculty of Agriculture Sciences, Universidad De Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Xiukang Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Jujube, College of Life Sciences, Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
| | - Iqra Mubeen
- Key Lab of Integrated Crop Disease and Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- School of Agriculture, Food, and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Iqra Kanwal
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Gonzalo A. Díaz
- Faculty of Agriculture Sciences, Universidad De Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Aqleem Abbas
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Aasma Parveen
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nauman Atiq
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huda Alshaya
- Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, NC, United States
| | - Tarek K. Zin El-Abedin
- Department of Agriculture and Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Shah Fahad
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Department of Agronomy, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
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Žiarovská J, Urbanová L. Utilization of Bet v 1 homologs based amplified profile (BBAP) variability in allergenic plants fingerprinting. Biologia (Bratisl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-021-00943-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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29
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Sharma T, Sharma NK, Kumar P, Panzade G, Rana T, Swarnkar MK, Singh AK, Singh D, Shankar R, Kumar S. The first draft genome of Picrorhiza kurrooa, an endangered medicinal herb from Himalayas. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14944. [PMID: 34294764 PMCID: PMC8298464 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93495-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Picrorhiza kurrooa is an endangered medicinal herb which is distributed across the Himalayan region at an altitude between 3000–5000 m above mean sea level. The medicinal properties of P. kurrooa are attributed to monoterpenoid picrosides present in leaf, rhizome and root of the plant. However, no genomic information is currently available for P. kurrooa, which limits our understanding about its molecular systems and associated responses. The present study brings the first assembled draft genome of P. kurrooa by using 227 Gb of raw data generated by Illumina and PacBio RS II sequencing platforms. The assembled genome has a size of n = ~ 1.7 Gb with 12,924 scaffolds. Four pronged assembly quality validations studies, including experimentally reported ESTs mapping and directed sequencing of the assembled contigs, confirmed high reliability of the assembly. About 76% of the genome is covered by complex repeats alone. Annotation revealed 24,798 protein coding and 9789 non-coding genes. Using the assembled genome, a total of 710 miRNAs were discovered, many of which were found responsible for molecular response against temperature changes. The miRNAs and targets were validated experimentally. The availability of draft genome sequence will aid in genetic improvement and conservation of P. kurrooa. Also, this study provided an efficient approach for assembling complex genomes while dealing with repeats when regular assemblers failed to progress due to repeats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanvi Sharma
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Nitesh Kumar Sharma
- Studio of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Prakash Kumar
- Studio of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Ganesh Panzade
- Studio of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Tanuja Rana
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India
| | - Mohit Kumar Swarnkar
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India
| | - Anil Kumar Singh
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India.,ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, 834 003, India
| | - Dharam Singh
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Ravi Shankar
- Studio of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India.
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India.
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Overexpression of OsERF83, a Vascular Tissue-Specific Transcription Factor Gene, Confers Drought Tolerance in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147656. [PMID: 34299275 PMCID: PMC8304134 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Abiotic stresses severely affect plant growth and productivity. To cope with abiotic stresses, plants have evolved tolerance mechanisms that are tightly regulated by reprogramming transcription factors (TFs). APETALA2/ethylene-responsive factor (AP2/ERF) transcription factors are known to play an important role in various abiotic stresses. However, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms remains incomplete. In this study, we identified the role of OsERF83, a member of the AP2/ERF transcription factor family, in response to drought stress. OsERF83 is a transcription factor localized to the nucleus and induced in response to various abiotic stresses, such as drought and abscisic acid (ABA). Overexpression of OsERF83 in transgenic plants (OsERF83OX) significantly increased drought tolerance, with higher photochemical efficiency in rice. OsERF83OX was also associated with growth retardation, with reduced grain yields under normal growth conditions. OsERF83 is predominantly expressed in the vascular tissue of all organs. Transcriptome analysis revealed that OsERF83 regulates drought response genes, which are related to the transporter (OsNPF8.10, OsNPF8.17, OsLH1), lignin biosynthesis (OsLAC17, OsLAC10, CAD8D), terpenoid synthesis (OsTPS33, OsTPS14, OsTPS3), cytochrome P450 family (Oscyp71Z4, CYP76M10), and abiotic stress-related genes (OsSAP, OsLEA14, PCC13-62). OsERF83 also up-regulates biotic stress-associated genes, including PATHOGENESIS-RELATED PROTEIN (PR), WALL-ASSOCIATED KINASE (WAK), CELLULOSE SYNTHASE-LIKE PROTEIN E1 (CslE1), and LYSM RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE (RLK) genes. Our results provide new insight into the multiple roles of OsERF83 in the cross-talk between abiotic and biotic stress signaling pathways.
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Ha CM, Rao X, Saxena G, Dixon RA. Growth-defense trade-offs and yield loss in plants with engineered cell walls. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 231:60-74. [PMID: 33811329 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
As a major component of plant secondary cell walls, lignin provides structural integrity and rigidity, and contributes to primary defense by providing a physical barrier to pathogen ingress. Genetic modification of lignin biosynthesis has been adopted to reduce the recalcitrance of lignified cell walls to improve biofuel production, tree pulping properties and forage digestibility. However, lignin-modification is often, but unpredictably, associated with dwarf phenotypes. Hypotheses suggested to explain this include: collapsed vessels leading to defects in water and solute transport; accumulation of molecule(s) that are inhibitory to plant growth or deficiency of metabolites that are critical for plant growth; activation of defense pathways linked to cell wall integrity sensing. However, there is still no commonly accepted underlying mechanism for the growth defects. Here, we discuss recent data on transcriptional reprogramming in plants with modified lignin content and their corresponding suppressor mutants, and evaluate growth-defense trade-offs as a factor underlying the growth phenotypes. New approaches will be necessary to estimate how gross changes in transcriptional reprogramming may quantitatively affect growth. Better understanding of the basis for yield drag following cell wall engineering is important for the biotechnological exploitation of plants as factories for fuels and chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Man Ha
- BioDiscovery Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #311428, Denton, TX, 76203, USA
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation (CBI), Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Xiaolan Rao
- College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, No. 28 Nanli Road, Hong-shan District, Wuchang, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430068, China
| | - Garima Saxena
- BioDiscovery Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #311428, Denton, TX, 76203, USA
| | - Richard A Dixon
- BioDiscovery Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #311428, Denton, TX, 76203, USA
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation (CBI), Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
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Khan MIR, Palakolanu SR, Chopra P, Rajurkar AB, Gupta R, Iqbal N, Maheshwari C. Improving drought tolerance in rice: Ensuring food security through multi-dimensional approaches. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 172:645-668. [PMID: 33006143 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Drought has been highly prevalent around the world especially in Sub-Saharan Africa and South-East Asian countries. Consistent climatic instabilities and unpredictable rainfall patterns are further worsening the situation. Rice is a C3 staple cereal and an important food crop for the majority of the world's population and drought stress is one of the major growth retarding threats for rice that slashes down grain quality and yield. Drought deteriorates rice productivity and induces various acclimation responses that aids in stress mitigation. However, the complexity of traits associated with drought tolerance has made the understanding of drought stress-induced responses in rice a challenging process. An integrative understanding based on physiological adaptations, omics, transgenic and molecular breeding approaches successively backed up to developing drought stress-tolerant rice. The review represents a step forward to develop drought-resilient rice plants by exploiting the knowledge that collaborates with omics-based developments with integrative efforts to ensure the compilation of all the possible strategies undertaken to develop drought stress-tolerant rice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sudhakar R Palakolanu
- Cell, Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Group, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Ashish B Rajurkar
- Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Ravi Gupta
- Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Chirag Maheshwari
- Agricultural Energy and Power Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal, India
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33
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Fujita K, Inui H. Review: Biological functions of major latex-like proteins in plants. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 306:110856. [PMID: 33775363 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.110856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Major latex-like proteins (MLPs) have been identified in dicots and monocots. They are members of the birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 family as well as pathogenesis-related proteins class 10. MLPs have two main features. One is binding affinity toward various hydrophobic compounds, such as long-chain fatty acids, steroids, and systemic acquired resistance signals, via its internal hydrophobic cavity or hydrophobic residues on its surface. MLPs transport such compounds to other organs via phloem and xylem vessels and contribute to the expression of physiologically important ligands' activity in the particular organs. The second feature is responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. MLPs are involved in drought and salt tolerance through the mediation of plant hormone signaling pathways. MLPs generate resistance against pathogens by the induction of pathogenesis-related protein genes. Therefore, MLPs play crucial roles in drought and salt tolerance and resistance against pathogens. However, knowledge of MLPs is fragmented, and an overview of them is needed. Herein, we summarize the current knowledge of the biological functions of MLPs, which to our knowledge, is the first review about MLPs that has been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Fujita
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan.
| | - Hideyuki Inui
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan; Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan.
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34
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Transcriptome analysis of early stages of sorghum grain mold disease reveals defense regulators and metabolic pathways associated with resistance. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:295. [PMID: 33888060 PMCID: PMC8063297 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07609-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sorghum grain mold is the most important disease of the crop. The disease results from simultaneous infection of the grain by multiple fungal species. Host responses to these fungi and the underlying molecular and cellular processes are poorly understood. To understand the genetic, molecular and biochemical components of grain mold resistance, transcriptome profiles of the developing grain of resistant and susceptible sorghum genotypes were studied. Results The developing kernels of grain mold resistant RTx2911 and susceptible RTx430 sorghum genotypes were inoculated with a mixture of fungal pathogens mimicking the species complexity of the disease under natural infestation. Global transcriptome changes corresponding to multiple molecular and cellular processes, and biological functions including defense, secondary metabolism, and flavonoid biosynthesis were observed with differential regulation in the two genotypes. Genes encoding pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), regulators of growth and defense homeostasis, antimicrobial peptides, pathogenesis-related proteins, zein seed storage proteins, and phytoalexins showed increased expression correlating with resistance. Notably, SbLYK5 gene encoding an orthologue of chitin PRR, defensin genes SbDFN7.1 and SbDFN7.2 exhibited higher expression in the resistant genotype. The SbDFN7.1 and SbDFN7.2 genes are tightly linked and transcribed in opposite orientation with a likely common bidirectional promoter. Interestingly, increased expression of JAZ and other transcriptional repressors were observed that suggested the tight regulation of plant defense and growth. The data suggest a pathogen inducible defense system in the developing grain of sorghum that involves the chitin PRR, MAPKs, key transcription factors, downstream components regulating immune gene expression and accumulation of defense molecules. We propose a model through which the biosynthesis of 3-deoxyanthocynidin phytoalexins, defensins, PR proteins, other antimicrobial peptides, and defense suppressing proteins are regulated by a pathogen inducible defense system in the developing grain. Conclusions The transcriptome data from a rarely studied tissue shed light into genetic, molecular, and biochemical components of disease resistance and suggested that the developing grain shares conserved immune response mechanisms but also components uniquely enriched in the grain. Resistance was associated with increased expression of genes encoding regulatory factors, novel grain specific antimicrobial peptides including defensins and storage proteins that are potential targets for crop improvement. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07609-y.
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Shim JS, Park SH, Lee DK, Kim YS, Park SC, Redillas MCFR, Seo JS, Kim JK. The Rice GLYCINE-RICH PROTEIN 3 Confers Drought Tolerance by Regulating mRNA Stability of ROS Scavenging-Related Genes. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 14:31. [PMID: 33742286 PMCID: PMC7979854 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-021-00473-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant glycine-rich proteins are categorized into several classes based on their protein structures. The glycine-rich RNA binding proteins (GRPs) are members of class IV subfamily possessing N-terminus RNA-recognition motifs (RRMs) and proposed to be involved in post-transcriptional regulation of its target transcripts. GRPs are involved in developmental process and cellular stress responses, but the molecular mechanisms underlying these regulations are still elusive. RESULTS Here, we report the functional characterization of rice GLYCINE-RICH PROTEIN 3 (OsGRP3) and its physiological roles in drought stress response. Both drought stress and ABA induce the expression of OsGRP3. Transgenic plants overexpressing OsGRP3 (OsGRP3OE) exhibited tolerance while knock-down plants (OsGRP3KD) were susceptible to drought compared to the non-transgenic control. In vivo, subcellular localization analysis revealed that OsGRP3-GFP was transported from cytoplasm/nucleus into cytoplasmic foci following exposure to ABA and mannitol treatments. Comparative transcriptomic analysis between OsGRP3OE and OsGRP3KD plants suggests that OsGRP3 is involved in the regulation of the ROS related genes. RNA-immunoprecipitation analysis revealed the associations of OsGRP3 with PATHOGENESIS RELATED GENE 5 (PR5), METALLOTHIONEIN 1d (MT1d), 4,5-DOPA-DIOXYGENASE (DOPA), and LIPOXYGENASE (LOX) transcripts. The half-life analysis showed that PR5 transcripts decayed slower in OsGRP3OE but faster in OsGRP3KD, while MT1d and LOX transcripts decayed faster in OsGRP3OE but slower in OsGRP3KD plants. H2O2 accumulation was reduced in OsGRP3OE and increased in OsGRP3KD plants compared to non-transgenic plants (NT) under drought stress. CONCLUSION OsGRP3 plays a positive regulator in rice drought tolerance and modulates the transcript level and mRNA stability of stress-responsive genes, including ROS-related genes. Moreover, OsGRP3 contributes to the reduction of ROS accumulation during drought stress. Our results suggested that OsGRP3 alleviates ROS accumulation by regulating ROS-related genes' mRNA stability under drought stress, which confers drought tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Sung Shim
- Crop Biotechnology Institute, GreenBio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, 25354, South Korea
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Su-Hyun Park
- Crop Biotechnology Institute, GreenBio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, 25354, South Korea
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117604, Singapore
| | - Dong-Keun Lee
- Crop Biotechnology Institute, GreenBio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, 25354, South Korea
- E GREEN GLOBAL, Gunpo, 15843, South Korea
| | - Youn Shic Kim
- Crop Biotechnology Institute, GreenBio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, 25354, South Korea
- Agriculture and Life Sciences Research Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Soo-Chul Park
- Crop Biotechnology Institute, GreenBio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, 25354, South Korea
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, 54874, South Korea
| | | | - Jun Sung Seo
- Crop Biotechnology Institute, GreenBio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, 25354, South Korea.
| | - Ju-Kon Kim
- Crop Biotechnology Institute, GreenBio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, 25354, South Korea.
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Drought Stress Impacts on Plants and Different Approaches to Alleviate Its Adverse Effects. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10020259. [PMID: 33525688 PMCID: PMC7911879 DOI: 10.3390/plants10020259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 91.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Drought stress, being the inevitable factor that exists in various environments without recognizing borders and no clear warning thereby hampering plant biomass production, quality, and energy. It is the key important environmental stress that occurs due to temperature dynamics, light intensity, and low rainfall. Despite this, its cumulative, not obvious impact and multidimensional nature severely affects the plant morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular attributes with adverse impact on photosynthetic capacity. Coping with water scarcity, plants evolve various complex resistance and adaptation mechanisms including physiological and biochemical responses, which differ with species level. The sophisticated adaptation mechanisms and regularity network that improves the water stress tolerance and adaptation in plants are briefly discussed. Growth pattern and structural dynamics, reduction in transpiration loss through altering stomatal conductance and distribution, leaf rolling, root to shoot ratio dynamics, root length increment, accumulation of compatible solutes, enhancement in transpiration efficiency, osmotic and hormonal regulation, and delayed senescence are the strategies that are adopted by plants under water deficit. Approaches for drought stress alleviations are breeding strategies, molecular and genomics perspectives with special emphasis on the omics technology alteration i.e., metabolomics, proteomics, genomics, transcriptomics, glyomics and phenomics that improve the stress tolerance in plants. For drought stress induction, seed priming, growth hormones, osmoprotectants, silicon (Si), selenium (Se) and potassium application are worth using under drought stress conditions in plants. In addition, drought adaptation through microbes, hydrogel, nanoparticles applications and metabolic engineering techniques that regulate the antioxidant enzymes activity for adaptation to drought stress in plants, enhancing plant tolerance through maintenance in cell homeostasis and ameliorates the adverse effects of water stress are of great potential in agriculture.
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Wang Y, Sang Z, Xu S, Xu Q, Zeng X, Jabu D, Yuan H. Comparative proteomics analysis of Tibetan hull-less barley under osmotic stress via data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry. Gigascience 2021; 9:5775614. [PMID: 32126136 PMCID: PMC7053489 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giaa019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tibetan hull-less barley (Hordeum vulgare L. var. nudum) is one of the primary crops cultivated in the mountains of Tibet and encounters low temperature, high salinity, and drought. Specifically, drought is one of the major abiotic stresses that affect and limit Tibetan barley growth. Osmotic stress is often simultaneously accompanied by drought conditions. Thus, to improve crop yield, it is critical to explore the molecular mechanism governing the responses of hull-less barley to osmotic/drought stress conditions. Findings In this study, we used quantitative proteomics by data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry to investigate protein abundance changes in tolerant (XL) and sensitive (DQ) cultivars. A total of 6,921 proteins were identified and quantified in all samples. Two distinct strategies based on pairwise and time-course comparisons were utilized in the comprehensive analysis of differentially abundant proteins. Further functional analysis of differentially abundant proteins revealed that some hormone metabolism–associated and phytohormone abscisic acid–induced genes are primarily affected by osmotic stress. Enhanced regulation of reactive oxygen species (may promote the tolerance of hull-less barley under osmotic stress. Moreover, we found that some regulators, such as GRF, PR10, MAPK, and AMPK, were centrally positioned in the gene regulatory network, suggesting that they may have a dominant role in the osmotic stress response of Tibetan barley. Conclusions Our findings highlight a subset of proteins and processes that are involved in the alleviation of osmotic stress. In addition, this study provides a large-scale and multidimensional proteomic data resource for the further investigation and improvement of osmotic/drought stress tolerance in hull-less barley or other plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, No.130 Jinzhu West Road, Chengguan District, Lhasa 850002, Tibet, China.,Institute of Agricultural Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, No.130 Jinzhu West Road, Chengguan District, Lhasa 850002, Tibet, China
| | - Zha Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, No.130 Jinzhu West Road, Chengguan District, Lhasa 850002, Tibet, China.,Institute of Agricultural Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, No.130 Jinzhu West Road, Chengguan District, Lhasa 850002, Tibet, China
| | - Shaohang Xu
- Deepxomics Co., Ltd, No.2082 Shenyan Road, Yantian District., Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Qijun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, No.130 Jinzhu West Road, Chengguan District, Lhasa 850002, Tibet, China.,Institute of Agricultural Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, No.130 Jinzhu West Road, Chengguan District, Lhasa 850002, Tibet, China
| | - Xingquan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, No.130 Jinzhu West Road, Chengguan District, Lhasa 850002, Tibet, China.,Institute of Agricultural Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, No.130 Jinzhu West Road, Chengguan District, Lhasa 850002, Tibet, China
| | - Dunzhu Jabu
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, No.130 Jinzhu West Road, Chengguan District, Lhasa 850002, Tibet, China.,Institute of Agricultural Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, No.130 Jinzhu West Road, Chengguan District, Lhasa 850002, Tibet, China
| | - Hongjun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, No.130 Jinzhu West Road, Chengguan District, Lhasa 850002, Tibet, China.,Institute of Agricultural Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, No.130 Jinzhu West Road, Chengguan District, Lhasa 850002, Tibet, China
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Wang W, Nie J, Lv L, Gong W, Wang S, Yang M, Xu L, Li M, Du H, Huang L. A Valsa mali Effector Protein 1 Targets Apple ( Malus domestica) Pathogenesis-Related 10 Protein to Promote Virulence. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:741342. [PMID: 34691119 PMCID: PMC8528966 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.741342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
To successfully colonize the plants, the pathogenic microbes secrete a mass of effector proteins which manipulate host immunity. Apple valsa canker is a destructive disease caused by the weakly parasitic fungus Valsa mali. A previous study indicated that the V. mali effector protein 1 (VmEP1) is an essential virulence factor. However, the pathogenic mechanism of VmEP1 in V. mali remains poorly understood. In this study, we found that the apple (Malus domestica) pathogenesis-related 10 proteins (MdPR10) are the virulence target of VmEP1 using a yeast two-hybrid screening. By bimolecular fluorescence (BiFC) and coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP), we confirmed that the VmEP1 interacts with MdPR10 in vivo. Silencing of MdPR10 notably enhanced the V. mali infection, and overexpression of MdPR10 markedly reduced its infection, which corroborates its positive role in plant immunity against V. mali. Furthermore, we showed that the co-expression of VmEP1 with MdPR10 compromised the MdPR10-mediated resistance to V. mali. Taken together, our results revealed a mechanism by which a V. mali effector protein suppresses the host immune responses by interfering with the MdPR10-mediated resistance to V. mali during the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Yangling, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jiajun Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Yangling, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Luqiong Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Yangling, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Wan Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Yangling, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Shuaile Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Yangling, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Mingming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Yangling, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Liangsheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Yangling, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Mingjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Yangling, China
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Hongxia Du
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Yangling, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Lili Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Yangling, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- *Correspondence: Lili Huang,
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Seong SY, Shim JS, Bang SW, Kim JK. Overexpression of OsC3H10, a CCCH-Zinc Finger, Improves Drought Tolerance in Rice by Regulating Stress-Related Genes. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9101298. [PMID: 33019599 PMCID: PMC7599559 DOI: 10.3390/plants9101298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
CCCH zinc finger proteins are members of the zinc finger protein family, and are known to participate in the regulation of development and stress responses via the posttranscriptional regulation of messenger RNA in animals and yeast. However, the molecular mechanism of CCCHZF-mediated drought tolerance is not well understood. We analyzed the functions of OsC3H10, a member of the rice CCCHZF family. OsC3H10 is predominantly expressed in seeds, and its expression levels rapidly declined during seed imbibition. The expression of OsC3H10 was induced by drought, high salinity and abscisic acid (ABA). Subcellular localization analysis revealed that OsC3H10 localized not only in the nucleus but also to the processing bodies and stress granules upon stress treatment. Root-specific overexpression of OsC3H10 was insufficient to induce drought tolerance, while the overexpression of OsC3H10 throughout the entire plant enhanced the drought tolerance of rice plants. Transcriptome analysis revealed that OsC3H10 overexpression elevated the expression levels of genes involved in stress responses, including LATE EMBRYOGENESIS ABUNDANT PROTEINs (LEAs), PATHOGENESIS RELATED GENEs (PRs) and GERMIN-LIKE PROTEINs (GLPs). Our results demonstrated that OsC3H10 is involved in the regulation of the drought tolerance pathway by modulating the expression of stress-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Yoon Seong
- Crop Biotechnology Institute, GreenBio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea; (S.Y.S.); (J.S.S.); (S.W.B.)
| | - Jae Sung Shim
- Crop Biotechnology Institute, GreenBio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea; (S.Y.S.); (J.S.S.); (S.W.B.)
- Present address: School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Seung Woon Bang
- Crop Biotechnology Institute, GreenBio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea; (S.Y.S.); (J.S.S.); (S.W.B.)
| | - Ju-Kon Kim
- Crop Biotechnology Institute, GreenBio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea; (S.Y.S.); (J.S.S.); (S.W.B.)
- Correspondence:
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Kaur A, Pati PK, Pati AM, Nagpal AK. Physico-chemical characterization and topological analysis of pathogenesis-related proteins from Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa using in-silico approaches. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239836. [PMID: 32986761 PMCID: PMC7521741 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants are constantly under the threat of various biotic and abiotic stress conditions and to overcome these stresses, they have evolved multiple mechanisms including systematic accumulation of different phytohormones, phytoalexins and pathogenesis related (PR) proteins. PR proteins are cluster of proteins with low molecular weight which get incited in plants under different stresses. In this paper, in-silico approaches are used to compare the physico-chemical properties of 6 PR proteins (PR1, PR2, PR5, PR9, PR10, PR12) of Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa. Topological analysis revealed the presence of transmembrane localization of PR2 and absence of transmembrane domain in PR10 of both model plants studied. Amino acid composition shows the dominance of small aliphatic amino acids i.e. alanine, glycine and serine in both plants studied. These results highlights the similarities and differences between PRs of both model plants, which provides clue towards their diversified roles in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amritpreet Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Pratap Kumar Pati
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
- * E-mail: (AKN); (PKP); (AMP)
| | - Aparna Maitra Pati
- CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
- * E-mail: (AKN); (PKP); (AMP)
| | - Avinash Kaur Nagpal
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
- * E-mail: (AKN); (PKP); (AMP)
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Singh SK, Richmond MD, Pearce RC, Bailey WA, Hou X, Pattanaik S, Yuan L. Maleic hydrazide elicits global transcriptomic changes in chemically topped tobacco to influence shoot bud development. PLANTA 2020; 252:64. [PMID: 32968874 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03460-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Transcriptomic analysis revealed maleic hydrazide suppresses apical and axillary bud development by altering the expression of genes related to meristem development, cell division, DNA replication, DNA damage and recombination, and phytohormone signaling. Topping (removal of apical buds) is a common agricultural practice for some crop plants including cotton, cannabis, and tobacco. Maleic hydrazide (MH) is a systemic suckercide, a chemical that inhibits shoot bud growth, used to control the growth of apical (ApB) and axillary buds (AxB) following topping. However, the influence of MH on gene expression and the underlying molecular mechanism of controlling meristem development are not well studied. Our RNA sequencing analysis showed that MH significantly influences the transcriptomic landscape in ApB and AxB of chemically topped tobacco. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed that upregulated genes in ApB were enriched for phosphorelay signal transduction, and the regulation of transition timing from vegetative to reproductive phase, whereas downregulated genes were largely associated with meristem maintenance, cytokinin metabolism, cell wall synthesis, photosynthesis, and DNA metabolism. In MH-treated AxB, GO terms related to defense response and oxylipin metabolism were overrepresented in upregulated genes. GO terms associated with cell cycle, DNA metabolism, and cytokinin metabolism were enriched in downregulated genes. Expression of KNOX and MADS transcription factor (TF) family genes, known to be involved in meristem development, were affected in ApB and AxB by MH treatment. The promoters of MH-responsive genes are enriched for several known cis-acting elements, suggesting the involvement of a subset of TF families. Our findings suggest that MH affects shoot bud development in chemically topped tobacco by altering the expression of genes related to meristem development, DNA repair and recombination, cell division, and phytohormone signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay K Singh
- Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA
| | - Mitchell D Richmond
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA
- Canadian Tobacco Research Foundation, Tillsonburg, ON, N4G 4H5, Canada
| | - Robert C Pearce
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA
| | - William A Bailey
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA
| | - Xin Hou
- Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA
- Department of Tobacco, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai`an, 271018, China
| | - Sitakanta Pattanaik
- Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA.
| | - Ling Yuan
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA.
- Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA.
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Dong J, Wang Y, Xian Q, Chen X, Xu J. Transcriptome analysis reveals ethylene-mediated defense responses to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum infection in Cucumis sativus L. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:334. [PMID: 32678006 PMCID: PMC7364617 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02537-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum (Foc), is a severe disease affecting cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) production worldwide, but mechanisms underlying Fusarium wilt resistance in cucumber remain unknown. To better understand of the defense mechanisms elicited in response to Foc inoculation, RNA sequencing-based transcriptomic profiling of responses of the Fusarium wilt-resistant cucumber line 'Rijiecheng' at 0, 24, 48, 96, and 192 h after Foc inoculation was performed. RESULTS We identified 4116 genes that were differentially expressed between 0 h and other time points after inoculation. All ethylene-related and pathogenesis-related genes from the differentially expressed genes were filtered out. Real-time PCR analysis showed that ethylene-related genes were induced in response to Foc infection. Importantly, after Foc infection and exogenous application of ethephon, a donor of ethylene, the ethylene-related genes were highly expressed. In response to exogenous ethephon treatment in conjunction with Foc inoculation, the infection resistance of cucumber seedlings was enhanced and endogenous ethylene biosynthesis increased dramatically. CONCLUSION Collectively, ethylene signaling pathways play a positive role in regulating the defense response of cucumber to Foc infection. The results provide insight into the cucumber Fusarium wilt defense mechanisms and provide valuable information for breeding new cucumber cultivars with enhanced Fusarium wilt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingping Dong
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuean Wang
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qianqian Xian
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xuehao Chen
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation, Tianjin, China.
| | - Jun Xu
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Identification and characterization of differentially expressed genes in the rice root following exogenous application of spermidine during salt stress. Genomics 2020; 112:4125-4136. [PMID: 32650100 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Salinity is a major limiting factor in crop production. Exogenous spermidine (spd) effectively ameliorates salt injury, though the underlying molecular mechanism is poorly understood. We have used a suppression subtractive hybridization method to construct a cDNA library that has identified up-regulated genes from rice root under the treatment of spd and salt. Total 175 high-quality ESTs of about 100-500 bp in length with an average size of 200 bp are isolated, clustered and assembled into a collection of 62 unigenes. Gene ontology analysis using the KEGG pathway annotation database has classified the unigenes into 5 main functional categories and 13 subcategories. The transcripts abundance has been validated using Real-Time PCR. We have observed seven different types of post-translational modifications in the DEPs. 44 transmembrane helixes are predicted in 6 DEPs. This above information can be used as first-hand data for dissecting the administrative role of spd during salinity.
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Koo YM, Heo AY, Choi HW. Salicylic Acid as a Safe Plant Protector and Growth Regulator. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2020; 36:1-10. [PMID: 32089657 PMCID: PMC7012573 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.rw.12.2019.0295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Since salicylic acid (SA) was discovered as an elicitor of tobacco plants inducing the resistance against Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) in 1979, increasing reports suggest that SA indeed is a key plant hormone regulating plant immunity. In addition, recent studies indicate that SA can regulate many different responses, such as tolerance to abiotic stress, plant growth and development, and soil microbiome. In this review, we focused on the recent findings on SA's effects on resistance to biotic stresses in different plant-pathogen systems, tolerance to different abiotic stresses in different plants, plant growth and development, and soil microbiome. This allows us to discuss about the safe and practical use of SA as a plant defense activator and growth regulator. Crosstalk of SA with different plant hormones, such as abscisic acid, ethylene, jasmonic acid, and auxin in different stress and developmental conditions were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hyong Woo Choi
- Corresponding author: Phone) +82-54-829-5509, FAX) +82-54-820-6320, E-mail)
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Yamada Y, Kidoguchi M, Yata A, Nakamura T, Yoshida H, Kato Y, Masuko H, Hizawa N, Fujieda S, Noguchi E, Miura K. High-Yield Production of the Major Birch Pollen Allergen Bet v 1 With Allergen Immunogenicity in Nicotiana benthamiana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:344. [PMID: 32300351 PMCID: PMC7142267 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Type I allergy is an immunological disorder triggered by allergens and causes significant health problems. The major allergen of birch pollen is Bet v 1, which belongs to the pathogen-related protein 10 (PR-10) family. Here, we established a rapid and robust method for the production of Bet v 1 in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves, with binding activity to allergic patients' IgE. The Bet v 1 allergen was expressed in N. benthamiana using a strong agroinfiltration-based transient protein expression system, which consists of a deconstructed geminiviral vector system with a double terminator. Five days post-infiltration, the allergen concentration in N. benthamiana leaves was 1.2 mg/g of fresh mass, being this the maximum yield of Bet v 1 in plants reported up to now. A part of plant-derived Bet v 1 was glycosylated. Bet v 1 purified from N. benthamiana or Brevibacillus brevis was used to carry out enzyme-linked immunoassays; both recombinant allergens were found to have comparable binding properties to the IgE of allergic patients. These results suggest that our plant expression system allows rapid and robust production of the allergen, which keeps the immunogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Yamada
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Masanori Kidoguchi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Sensory and Locomotor Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Akira Yata
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Takako Nakamura
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hideki Yoshida
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Tsukuba-Plant Innovation Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yukinori Kato
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Sensory and Locomotor Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Hironori Masuko
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Hizawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Shigeharu Fujieda
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Sensory and Locomotor Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Emiko Noguchi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kenji Miura
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Tsukuba-Plant Innovation Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- *Correspondence: Kenji Miura,
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Martínez-Ferri E, Moreno-Ortega G, van den Berg N, Pliego C. Mild water stress-induced priming enhance tolerance to Rosellinia necatrix in susceptible avocado rootstocks. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:458. [PMID: 31664901 PMCID: PMC6821026 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-2016-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND White root rot (WRR) disease caused by Rosellinia necatrix is one of the most important threats affecting avocado orchards in temperate regions. The eradication of WRR is a difficult task and environmentally friendly control methods are needed to lessen its impact. Priming plants with a stressor (biotic or abiotic) can be a strategy to enhance plant defense/tolerance against future stress episodes but, despite the known underlying common mechanisms, few studies use abiotic-priming for improving tolerance to forthcoming biotic-stress and vice versa ('cross-factor priming'). To assess whether cross-factor priming can be a potential method for enhancing avocado tolerance to WRR disease, 'Dusa' avocado rootstocks, susceptible to R. necatrix, were subjected to two levels of water stress (mild-WS and severe-WS) and, after drought-recovery, inoculated with R. necatrix. Physiological response and expression of plant defense related genes after drought-priming as well as the disease progression were evaluated. RESULTS Water-stressed avocado plants showed lower water potential and stomatal limitations of photosynthesis compared to control plants. In addition, NPQ and qN values increased, indicating the activation of energy dissipating mechanisms closely related to the relief of oxidative stress. This response was proportional to the severity of the water stress and was accompanied by the deregulation of pathogen defense-related genes in the roots. After re-watering, leaf photosynthesis and plant water status recovered rapidly in both treatments, but roots of mild-WS primed plants showed a higher number of overexpressed genes related with plant defense than severe-WS primed plants. Disease progression after inoculating primed plants with R. necatrix was significantly delayed in mild-WS primed plants. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that mild-WS can induce a primed state in the WRR susceptible avocado rootstock 'Dusa' and reveal that 'cross-factor priming' with water stress (abiotic stressor) is effective for increasing avocado tolerance against R. necatrix (biotic stressor), underpinning that plant responses against biotic and abiotic stress rely on common mechanisms. Potential applications of these results may involve an enhancement of WRR tolerance of current avocado groves and optimization of water use via low frequency deficit irrigation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Martínez-Ferri
- IFAPA. Centro de Málaga. Cortijo de la Cruz s/n, 29140 Churriana, Málaga, Spain
| | - G. Moreno-Ortega
- IFAPA. Centro de Málaga. Cortijo de la Cruz s/n, 29140 Churriana, Málaga, Spain
| | - N. van den Berg
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
- Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - C. Pliego
- IFAPA. Centro de Málaga. Cortijo de la Cruz s/n, 29140 Churriana, Málaga, Spain
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Sun X, Zhang L, Tang Z, Shi X, Ma J, Cui R. Transcriptome analysis of roots from resistant and susceptible rice varieties infected with Hirschmanniella mucronata. FEBS Open Bio 2019; 9:1968-1982. [PMID: 31571430 PMCID: PMC6823281 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Hirschmanniella mucronata is a plant-parasitic nematode that is widespread in rice production areas and causes 10-25% yield losses a year on average. Here, we investigated the mechanism of resistance to this nematode by comparing the transcriptomes of roots from resistant (Jiabali) and susceptible (Bawangbian) varieties of rice. Of 39 233 unigenes, 2243. exhibited altered total expression levels between control and infected resistant and susceptible varieties. Significant differences were observed in the expression levels of genes related to stress, peptidase regulation or inhibition, oxidoreductase activity, peroxidase activity and antioxidant activity. The up-regulated genes related to plant secondary metabolites, such as phenylpropanoid, lignin, cellulose or hemicellulose, may result in an increase in the degree of resistance of Jiabali to the H. mucronata infection compared with that of Bawangbian by affecting cell wall organization or biogenesis. Of the genes that responded similarly to H. mucronata infection, ~252 (~76.59%) showed greater changes (whether induced or suppressed) in RN155 (susceptible varieties infected by rice root nematode) than in RN51 (resistance varieties infected by rice root nematode). Nineteen pathogenesis-related genes belonging to nine pathogenesis-related gene families were significantly induced by H. mucronata in the infected roots of Jiabali and Bawangbian, and 13 differentially expressed genes showed changes in their abundance only in the susceptible Bawangbian variety. This study may help enhance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying plant resistance to nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotang Sun
- College of Agronomy/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Agronomy/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ziqing Tang
- College of Agronomy/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xugen Shi
- College of Agronomy/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jian Ma
- College of Agronomy/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ruqiang Cui
- College of Agronomy/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Iquebal MA, Sharma P, Jasrotia RS, Jaiswal S, Kaur A, Saroha M, Angadi UB, Sheoran S, Singh R, Singh GP, Rai A, Tiwari R, Kumar D. RNAseq analysis reveals drought-responsive molecular pathways with candidate genes and putative molecular markers in root tissue of wheat. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13917. [PMID: 31558740 PMCID: PMC6763491 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49915-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought is one of the major impediments in wheat productivity. Traditional breeding and marker assisted QTL introgression had limited success. Available wheat genomic and RNA-seq data can decipher novel drought tolerance mechanisms with putative candidate gene and marker discovery. Drought is first sensed by root tissue but limited information is available about how roots respond to drought stress. In this view, two contrasting genotypes, namely, NI5439 41 (drought tolerant) and WL711 (drought susceptible) were used to generate ~78.2 GB data for the responses of wheat roots to drought. A total of 45139 DEGs, 13820 TF, 288 miRNAs, 640 pathways and 435829 putative markers were obtained. Study reveals use of such data in QTL to QTN refinement by analysis on two model drought-responsive QTLs on chromosome 3B in wheat roots possessing 18 differentially regulated genes with 190 sequence variants (173 SNPs and 17 InDels). Gene regulatory networks showed 69 hub-genes integrating ABA dependent and independent pathways controlling sensing of drought, root growth, uptake regulation, purine metabolism, thiamine metabolism and antibiotics pathways, stomatal closure and senescence. Eleven SSR markers were validated in a panel of 18 diverse wheat varieties. For effective future use of findings, web genomic resources were developed. We report RNA-Seq approach on wheat roots describing the drought response mechanisms under field drought conditions along with genomic resources, warranted in endeavour of wheat productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mir Asif Iquebal
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Library Avenue, PUSA, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Pradeep Sharma
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Rahul Singh Jasrotia
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Library Avenue, PUSA, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Sarika Jaiswal
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Library Avenue, PUSA, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Amandeep Kaur
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Monika Saroha
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - U B Angadi
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Library Avenue, PUSA, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Sonia Sheoran
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Rajender Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - G P Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Anil Rai
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Library Avenue, PUSA, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Ratan Tiwari
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India.
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Library Avenue, PUSA, New Delhi, 110012, India.
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Jasmonates-the Master Regulator of Rice Development, Adaptation and Defense. PLANTS 2019; 8:plants8090339. [PMID: 31505882 PMCID: PMC6784130 DOI: 10.3390/plants8090339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Rice is one of the most important food crops worldwide, as well as the model plant in molecular studies on the cereals group. Many different biotic and abiotic agents often limit rice production and threaten food security. Understanding the molecular mechanism, by which the rice plant reacts and resists these constraints, is the key to improving rice production to meet the demand of an increasing population. The phytohormone jasmonic acid (JA) and related compounds, collectively called jasmonates, are key regulators in plant growth and development. They are also one of the central players in plant immunity against biotic attacks and adaptation to unfavorable environmental conditions. Here, we review the most recent knowledge about jasmonates signaling in the rice crop model. We highlight the functions of jasmonates signaling in many adaptive responses, and also in rice growth and development processes. We also draw special attention to different signaling modules that are controlled by jasmonates in rice.
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50
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Mir ZA, Ali S, Shivaraj SM, Bhat JA, Singh A, Yadav P, Rawat S, Paplao PK, Grover A. Genome-wide identification and characterization of Chitinase gene family in Brassica juncea and Camelina sativa in response to Alternaria brassicae. Genomics 2019; 112:749-763. [PMID: 31095998 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2019.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Chitinases belong to the group of Pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins that provides protection against fungal pathogens. This study presents the, genome-wide identification and characterization of chitinase gene family in two important oilseed crops B. juncea and C. sativa belonging to family Brassicaceae. We have identified 47 and 79 chitinase genes in the genomes of B. juncea and C. sativa, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of chitinases in both the species revealed four distinct sub-groups, representing different classes of chitinases (I-V). Microscopic and biochemical study reveals the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging enzymes in disease resistance of B. juncea and C. sativa. Furthermore, qRT-PCR analysis showed that expression of chitinases in both B. juncea and C. sativa was significantly induced after Alternaria brassicae infection. However, the fold change in chitinase gene expression was considerably higher in C. sativa compared to B. juncea, which further proves their role in C. sativa disease resistance to A. brassicae. This study provides comprehensive analysis on chitinase gene family in B. juncea and C. sativa and in future may serve as a potential candidate for improving disease resistance in B. juncea through transgenic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahoor Ahmad Mir
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, NRCPB, New Delhi, India; Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Noida, India
| | - Sajad Ali
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, NRCPB, New Delhi, India; Centre of Research for Development, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | | | - Javaid Akhter Bhat
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Apekshita Singh
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Noida, India
| | - Prashant Yadav
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, NRCPB, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandhya Rawat
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, NRCPB, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Anita Grover
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, NRCPB, New Delhi, India.
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