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Tokunaga A, Kimura N, Masuda T, Hanaoka T, Matsubara E. Objectively measured prolonged sleep is associated with plasma cytokines in older adults with mild cognitive impairment. J Sleep Res 2024:e14135. [PMID: 38212137 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.14135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine whether objective sleep time is associated with the concentrations of various plasma cytokines in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). In total, 118 adults with MCI (66 women; mean age: 75.7 years) participated in this prospective cohort study. All participants were required to wear a wristband sensor for 7.8 days, on average, every 3 months for 1 year and undergo measurement of 27 plasma cytokines using multiplex immunoassays. After adjusting for potential confounders, the associations of total sleep time with cytokine concentrations were assessed by multiple linear regression analysis. The total sleep time was significantly correlated with plasma interleukin (IL)-9 and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1β levels (r = 0.239, p = 0.009, and r = 0.242, p = 0.008, respectively). Moreover, these associations remained significant after adjusting for covariates, including demographic characteristics, lifestyle-related diseases, and apolipoprotein E status (β = 0.272, 95% confidence interval: 0.095-0.448, p = 0.003, and β = 0.27, 95% confidence interval: 0.092-0.449, p = 0.003, respectively). Thus, this study is the first to demonstrate the association between objective prolonged sleep and higher plasma IL-9 and MIP-1β levels in older adults with MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akari Tokunaga
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Kimura
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Teruaki Masuda
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Takuya Hanaoka
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Etsuro Matsubara
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
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Kimura N, Sasaki Y, Masuda T, Ataka T, Eguchi A, Kakuma T, Matsubara E. Objective sleep was longitudinally associated with brain amyloid burden in mild cognitive impairment. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2023; 10:2266-2275. [PMID: 37776077 PMCID: PMC10723246 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Understanding the longitudinal association of objective sleep and physical activity with brain amyloid burden and cortical glucose metabolism has critical clinical and public health implications for dementia prevention in later life. METHODS We enrolled 118 individuals aged ≥65 years with mild cognitive impairment, who were followed up on from August 2015 to September 2019. All participants continuously wore an accelerometer sensor for 7 consecutive days every 3 months and received annual 11 C-Pittsburgh compound-B and 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET). Sleep and physical activity parameters were assessed using accelerometer sensor data and PET imaging was quantified using a standardized uptake-value ratio. Fifty-seven participants (48.3%) completed a lifestyle factor assessment and PET imaging over the 3-year period. A linear mixed-effects model was applied to examine the longitudinal association of sleep and physical activity parameters with PET imaging over the 3-year period, controlling for potential confounders. RESULTS Sleep efficiency was inversely associated with amyloid uptake in the frontal lobe. Although sleep duration was positively associated with global amyloid uptake, particularly in the frontal lobe, their impact was extremely small. However, physical activity parameters were not significantly associated with the 11 C-Pittsburgh compound-B-uptake. Furthermore, sleep and physical activity parameters were not significantly associated with cortical glucose metabolism. INTERPRETATION Lower sleep efficiency could be an early symptom of greater brain amyloid burden at the mild cognitive impairment stage. Therefore, the assessment of sleep may be useful for identifying individuals at higher risk for brain amyloid burden. Future longer term observational studies are required to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Kimura
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of MedicineOita UniversityOitaJapan
| | - Yuuki Sasaki
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of MedicineOita UniversityOitaJapan
| | - Teruaki Masuda
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of MedicineOita UniversityOitaJapan
| | - Takuya Ataka
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of MedicineOita UniversityOitaJapan
| | - Atsuko Eguchi
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of MedicineOita UniversityOitaJapan
| | | | - Etsuro Matsubara
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of MedicineOita UniversityOitaJapan
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Reynolds C, Mattek N, Lim MM, Beattie Z, Dodge HH, Kaye J. Association Between Mild Cognitive Impairment and Seasonal Rest-Activity Patterns of Older Adults. Front Digit Health 2022; 4:809370. [PMID: 35281221 PMCID: PMC8904352 DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2022.809370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Seasonal variation in rest-activity patterns has been observed in healthy adult populations. This study examined seasonal variation in total time spent overnight in the bedroom by cognitively intact older adults and older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We hypothesize that seasonal variation in rest-activity patterns is observed in the cognitively intact group and that this variation is disturbed in those with MCI. Study participants were 128 older adults; mean age 85.2 years. Ninety-eight were cognitively intact, and 30 had been diagnosed with MCI. All were enrolled in an ongoing longitudinal study using in-home passive monitoring technology. Infrared presence sensors were placed throughout each participant's home to monitor movement and presence in each room of the home. Activity data was collected from the sensors over a period of up to 527 days. Overnight time in bedroom was found to vary seasonally for the cognitively intact group, with longer times spent overnight in the bedroom during the winter months. This seasonal variation was not observed for those with non-amnestic MCI. MCI is associated with an attenuation of seasonal variation in total time spent in the bedroom at night. Detection of changes in infradian sleep patterns may be an early marker of cognitive decline. Which key determinants are driving these disturbed rhythms, such as features intrinsic to changes in the brain or to environmental factors or external cues, remains an important question for ongoing and future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Reynolds
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- *Correspondence: Christina Reynolds
| | - Nora Mattek
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Oregon Center for Aging and Technology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- National Institute on Aging (NIA)-Layton Aging and Alzheimer's Disease Center, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Miranda M. Lim
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Veterans Affairs (VA) Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Zachary Beattie
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Oregon Center for Aging and Technology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- National Institute on Aging (NIA)-Layton Aging and Alzheimer's Disease Center, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Hiroko H. Dodge
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Oregon Center for Aging and Technology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- National Institute on Aging (NIA)-Layton Aging and Alzheimer's Disease Center, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Jeffrey Kaye
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Oregon Center for Aging and Technology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- National Institute on Aging (NIA)-Layton Aging and Alzheimer's Disease Center, Portland, OR, United States
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Huang WC, Chang CS, Lin CY, Lai TF, Hsueh MC, Liao Y, Park JH. Is Sleep Timing Related to Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in Older Women? Nat Sci Sleep 2021; 13:1377-1381. [PMID: 34354382 PMCID: PMC8331085 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s308270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Sleep, sedentary behavior, and physical activity are the components of the 24-hour model, while the timing of sleep may play a critical role to impact waking behaviors. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the relationship of sleep timing with sedentary behavior, light-intensity, moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity, and daily steps in older women. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 90 community-dwelling older women (70.5 ± 5.4 years) were included in our sample. Multiple linear regression models were used to estimate the associations of accelerometer-measured sedentary behavior and physical activity metrics with the three sleep timing indicators (bedtime and wake time, and mid-sleep time). Bedtime and wake time were recorded by the participants, and mid-sleep time was estimated based on the two sleep indicators. RESULTS Most indicators of sleep timing were negatively associated with moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (unstandardized coefficient [B]-0.07 for bedtime and mid-sleep time, p<0.05) and daily steps (B ranged from -15.51 for bedtime to -13.73 for wake time, p<0.05). No associations of sleep timing were found in sedentary behavior and light-intensity physical activity. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that sleep timing should be considered when designing promising strategies or interventions for older women to be physically active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Chi Huang
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Shuan Chang
- Institute of Health Behaviors and Community Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yu Lin
- Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa City, Saitama Prefecture, 359-1192, Japan
| | - Ting-Fu Lai
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chun Hsueh
- Graduate Institute of Sport Pedagogy, University of Taipei, Taipei City, 11153, Taiwan
| | - Yung Liao
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa City, Saitama, 359-1192, Japan
| | - Jong-Hwan Park
- Health Convergence Medicine Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, 49241, Korea
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Evans MA, Buysse DJ, Marsland AL, Wright AGC, Foust J, Carroll LW, Kohli N, Mehra R, Jasper A, Srinivasan S, Hall MH. Meta-analysis of age and actigraphy assessed sleep characteristics across the lifespan. Sleep 2021; 44:6211192. [PMID: 33823052 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsab088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Sleep quantity and continuity vary across the lifespan. Actigraphy is a reliable and widely-used behavioral measure of sleep in research and personal health monitoring. This meta-analysis provides a novel examination of whether age (in years) is associated with actigraphy-assessed sleep across the lifespan. METHODS A systematic search of PubMed, Embase.com, Cochrane CENTRAL, and PsycINFO using "actigraphy" and "sleep" terms provided 7,079 titles/abstracts; studies of individuals with known psychiatric or medical comorbidities were excluded. Ninety-one articles (N = 23,365) provided data for six meta-analyses examining sleep duration (k = 89), sleep efficiency (k = 58), bedtime (k = 19) and waketime (k = 9) for individuals ages 6-21, and bedtime (k = 7) and waketime (k = 7) for individuals ages 22 and older. RESULTS At older ages, sleep duration was shorter (r = -0.12) and sleep efficiency was lower (r = -0.05). Older age was associated with later bedtime (r = 0.37) and wake-up time (r = 0.24) from ages 6-21, whereas older age was associated with earlier bedtime (r = -0.66) and wake-up time (r = -0.59) for ages 22 and above. The strength of these associations was modified by study continent, but not by any other moderator. CONCLUSIONS Age was negatively associated with actigraphy-assessed sleep duration and efficiency, but the effects were small in magnitude. On the other hand, large associations were observed between age and sleep timing, despite a smaller literature and the absence of analyzable data for ages 30-60. Changes in sleep timing, rather than changes in sleep duration or continuity, may better characterize the effects of age on human sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa A Evans
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Daniel J Buysse
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Anna L Marsland
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Aidan G C Wright
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jill Foust
- Health Sciences Library System, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lucas W Carroll
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Naina Kohli
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rishabh Mehra
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Adam Jasper
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Swathi Srinivasan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Martica H Hall
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Höller Y, Gudjónsdottir BE, Valgeirsdóttir SK, Heimisson GT. The effect of age and chronotype on seasonality, sleep problems, and mood. Psychiatry Res 2021; 297:113722. [PMID: 33476898 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Seasonal affective disorder has been associated with sleep problems, young age, and an evening chronotype. A chronotype refers to an individual's preference in the timing of their sleep-wake cycle, as well as the time during the sleep-wake cycle when a person is most alert and energetic. Seasonality refers to season-dependent fluctuations in sleep length, social activity, mood, weight, appetite, and energy level. Evening chronotype is more common in young adults and morning chronotype more common in the elderly. This study aimed to estimate the differential contribution of chronotype and age on seasonality. A sample of n=410 participants were included in the study. The age groups showed significantly different results according to sleep parameters, depression, anxiety, stress, seasonality, and chronotype. The oldest group (>59 years) showed the lowest scores on all of these scales. According to a path analysis, chronotype and age predict propensity for seasonality. However, sleep problems were linked to chronotype but not to age. Older adults seem to be more resistant to seasonal changes that are perceived as a problem than young and middle aged adults. Future studies would benefit from considering cultural aspects and examine seasonality, chronotype, depression, and insomnia in longitudinal designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Höller
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Akureyri, Nordurslod 2, 600 Akureyri, Iceland.
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7
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Turrisi TB, Bittel KM, West AB, Hojjatinia S, Hojjatinia S, Mama SK, Lagoa CM, Conroy DE. Seasons, weather, and device-measured movement behaviors: a scoping review from 2006 to 2020. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2021; 18:24. [PMID: 33541375 PMCID: PMC7863471 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-021-01091-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This scoping review summarized research on (a) seasonal differences in physical activity and sedentary behavior, and (b) specific weather indices associated with those behaviors. METHODS PubMed, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus were searched to identify relevant studies. After identifying and screening 1459 articles, data were extracted from 110 articles with 118,189 participants from 30 countries (almost exclusively high-income countries) on five continents. RESULTS Both physical activity volume and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were greater in summer than winter. Sedentary behavior was greater in winter than either spring or summer, and insufficient evidence existed to draw conclusions about seasonal differences in light physical activity. Physical activity volume and MVPA duration were positively associated with both the photoperiod and temperature, and negatively associated with precipitation. Sedentary behavior was negatively associated with photoperiod and positively associated with precipitation. Insufficient evidence existed to draw conclusions about light physical activity and specific weather indices. Many weather indices have been neglected in this literature (e.g., air quality, barometric pressure, cloud coverage, humidity, snow, visibility, windchill). CONCLUSIONS The natural environment can influence health by facilitating or inhibiting physical activity. Behavioral interventions should be sensitive to potential weather impacts. Extreme weather conditions brought about by climate change may compromise health-enhancing physical activity in the short term and, over longer periods of time, stimulate human migration in search of more suitable environmental niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor B Turrisi
- Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Kelsey M Bittel
- Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Ashley B West
- Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | | | - Sahar Hojjatinia
- Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Scherezade K Mama
- Department of Health Disparities Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Constantino M Lagoa
- Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - David E Conroy
- Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Kimura N, Aso Y, Yabuuchi K, Matsubara E. Association between objectively measured walking steps and sleep in community-dwelling older adults: A prospective cohort study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243910. [PMID: 33315927 PMCID: PMC7735606 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical inactivity and sleep disturbances are major problems in an ageing society. There is increasing evidence that physical activity is associated with sleep quality. However, the association between daily walking steps and sleep remain unclear. This prospective study examined the relationship between objectively measured daily walking steps and sleep parameters in Japanese community-dwelling older adults. In total, 855 community-dwelling individuals aged 65 and above, with an uninterrupted follow-up from August 2015 to March 2016, were enrolled. The participants wore a wristband sensor for an average of 7.8 days every three months. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between daily walking steps and sleep parameters, including the total sleep time, sleep efficiency, time awake after sleep onset (WASO), awakening time count during the night, and naptime. The median (interquartile range, IQR) age of the participants was 73 (69–78) years, with 317 (37.1%) men and 538 (62.9%) women. The median (IQR) educational level was 12 (11–12) years, and the median (IQR) Mini-Mental State Examination score was 29 (27–30) points. The number of daily walking steps showed a positive correlation with sleep efficiency and an inverse correlation with WASO, awakening time count, and naptime, after adjusting for covariates and correcting for the false discovery rate (β = 0.098, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.034 to 0.162, p = 0.003; β = −0.107, 95% CI: −0.172 to −0.043, p = 0.001; β = −0.105, 95% CI: −0.17 to −0.04, p = 0.002; and β = −0.31, 95% CI: −0.371 to −0.249, p < 0.001, respectively). Our results can help promote walking as an intervention for preventing sleep disturbances in community-dwelling older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Kimura
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Yasuhiro Aso
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Kenichi Yabuuchi
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Etsuro Matsubara
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
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Stefansdottir R, Rognvaldsdottir V, Gestsdottir S, Gudmundsdottir SL, Chen KY, Brychta RJ, Johannsson E. Changes in sleep and activity from age 15 to 17 in students with traditional and college-style school schedules. Sleep Health 2020; 6:749-757. [PMID: 32534820 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2020.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sleep duration and physical activity decline with age during adolescence. Earlier school schedules may contribute to these declines. The aim of this longitudinal study was to track changes in sleep and activity of Icelandic youth from primary to secondary school and compare students who enrolled in secondary schools with traditional and college-style schedules. METHODS We measured free-living sleep and activity with wrist actigraphy and body composition by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry in 145 students at age 15 and age 17, when 58% attended schools with college-style scheduling. Differences from 15 to 17 and between students of different school structures were assessed with mixed-effect models. RESULTS Actigraphs were worn for 7.1 ± 0.4 nights at 15 and 6.9 ± 0.4 nights at 17. Overall, sleep duration decreased from 6.6 ± 0.7 h/night to 6.2 ± 0.7 h/night from age 15 to 17 (P < .001). Students with traditional schedules reduced school-night sleep duration 26 min/night at follow-up (P< .001), while sleep duration did not change for college-style students. All students went to bed later on school nights at follow-up, but only college-style students rose later. Sleep efficiency and awakenings did not differ by schedule-type. Neither sex changed body fat percentage, but average school-day activity decreased by 19% (P< .001) on follow-up and did not differ by schedule-type. CONCLUSIONS Over the 2-year period, adolescents decreased weekly sleep duration and activity, but only those continuing traditional schedules reduced school-night sleep. This suggests greater individual control of school schedule may preserve sleep duration in this age group, which may be beneficial during the transition into adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runa Stefansdottir
- Center of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Sunna Gestsdottir
- Center of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Kong Y Chen
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robert J Brychta
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Erlingur Johannsson
- Center of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland; Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
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Kimura N, Aso Y, Yabuuchi K, Ishibashi M, Hori D, Sasaki Y, Nakamichi A, Uesugi S, Jikumaru M, Sumi K, Eguchi A, Obara H, Kakuma T, Matsubara E. Association of Modifiable Lifestyle Factors With Cortical Amyloid Burden and Cerebral Glucose Metabolism in Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment. JAMA Netw Open 2020; 3:e205719. [PMID: 32515796 PMCID: PMC7284299 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.5719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Understanding the association of lifestyle factors with mild cognitive impairment enables the development of evidence-based interventions for delaying cognitive impairment. OBJECTIVE To explore whether objectively measured lifestyle factors, such as physical activity, conversation, and sleep, are associated with cortical amyloid burden and cerebral glucose metabolism in older adults with mild cognitive impairment. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cohort study included 855 community-dwelling adults in Usuki, Oita Prefecture, Japan, aged 65 years or older. Data were collected from August 2015 to December 2017. Participants were reviewed to examine risk and protective lifestyle factors for dementia. Data analysis was conducted in June 2019. EXPOSURES Wearable sensors, carbon-11 labeled Pittsburgh compound B positron emission tomography images, and fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography images. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Wearable sensor data, such as walking steps, conversation time, and sleep, were collected from August 2015 to October 2017, and positron emission tomography images were collected from October 2015 to December 2017. A multiple regression model and change-point regression model were used to examine the association of lifestyle factors with mean amyloid or fluorodeoxyglucose uptake, assessed on the basis of a standardized uptake value ratio of the frontal lobes, temporoparietal lobes, and posterior cingulate gyrus with the cerebellar cortex as the reference region. The bootstrap method was used to obtain nonparametric 95% CIs on the associations of lifestyle factors with cognitive decline. RESULTS Of the 855 adults in the study, 118 (13.8%) were diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment, with a mean (SD) age of 75.7 (5.8) years and 66 (55.9%) women. Total sleep time was inversely associated with fluorodeoxyglucose uptake after adjusting for covariates (β = -0.287; 95% CI, -0.452 to -0.121, P < .001). Change-point regression showed an inverse association between total sleep time and mean amyloid uptake when sleep duration was longer than 325 minutes (B = -0.0018; 95% CI, -0.0031 to -0.0007). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate that total sleep time was associated with brain function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Sleep duration is a potentially modifiable risk factor for dementia at the mild cognitive impairment stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Kimura
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Aso
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Kenichi Yabuuchi
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Masato Ishibashi
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Daiji Hori
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Yuuki Sasaki
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Atsuhito Nakamichi
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Souhei Uesugi
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Mika Jikumaru
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Kaori Sumi
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Atsuko Eguchi
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | | | | | - Etsuro Matsubara
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
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Abeler K, Sand T, Friborg O, Bergvik S. Seasonality in pain, sleep and mental distress in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain at latitude 69° N. Chronobiol Int 2020; 37:1650-1661. [PMID: 32460567 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2020.1764011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Seasonality is evident in several aspects of human health and behavior, whereas seasonality in chronic pain is less well studied. We examined seasonal variation in pain severity and pain dissemination, as well as in pain-associated conditions, such as sleep impairment, sleep timing, mental distress, fatigue and physical activity. We also examined if any of these associated conditions moderated the seasonality in pain. This prospective study was conducted in the subarctic municipality of Tromsø, Norway (69º North), on a sample of patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain (N = 56). Data were collected with self-report questionnaires and objective actigraphy measures (7 days) twice: winter and summer. Mixed linear regression models were fitted. A modest seasonality effect was observed in pain severity (highest in summer), but not in pain dissemination. Seasonality with increased physical activity and delayed sleep timing in the summer was also present. The remaining pain-associated self-report or objective measures indicated no seasonality. The season-pain association was not significantly moderated by any of the pain-associated conditions. Previous studies on healthy individuals residing in polar areas have suggested an opposite seasonal effect with delay of the sleep-wake rhythm in winter. Our results based on a clinical sample thus represent a novel finding that needs to be examined further with regard to seasonal circadian entrainment and alignment in pain populations. These results may have clinical value for the treatment of patients with musculoskeletal pain as seasonality may require seasonal adjustments of pain treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Abeler
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The Arctic University of Norway , Tromsø, Norway.,Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, University Hospital of North Norway , Tromsø, Norway
| | - Trond Sand
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital , Trondheim, Norway
| | - Oddgeir Friborg
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The Arctic University of Norway , Tromsø, Norway
| | - Svein Bergvik
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The Arctic University of Norway , Tromsø, Norway
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12
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Less physical activity and more varied and disrupted sleep is associated with a less favorable metabolic profile in adolescents. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229114. [PMID: 32413039 PMCID: PMC7228054 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sleep and physical activity are modifiable behaviors that play an important role in preventing overweight, obesity, and metabolic health problems. Studies of the association between concurrent objective measures of sleep, physical activity, and metabolic risk factors among adolescents are limited. Objective The aim of the study was to examine the association between metabolic risk factors and objectively measured school day physical activity and sleep duration, quality, onset, and variability in adolescents. Materials and methods We measured one school week of free-living sleep and physical activity with wrist actigraphy in 252 adolescents (146 girls), aged 15.8±0.3 years. Metabolic risk factors included body mass index, waist circumference, total body and trunk fat percentage, resting blood pressure, and fasting glucose and insulin levels. Multiple linear regression adjusted for sex, parental education, and day length was used to assess associations between metabolic risk factors and sleep and activity parameters. Results On average, participants went to bed at 00:22±0.88 hours and slept 6.2±0.7 hours/night, with 0.83±0.36 hours of awakenings/night. However, night-to-night variability in sleep duration was considerable (mean ± interquartile range) 0.75±0.55 hours) and bedtime (0.64±0.53 hours) respectively. Neither average sleep duration nor mean bedtime was associated with any metabolic risk factors. However, greater night-to-night variability in sleep duration and bedtime was associated with higher total body and trunk fat percentage, and less physical activity was associated with higher trunk fat percentage and insulin levels. Conclusion Greater nightly variation in sleep duration and in bedtime and less physical activity were associated with a less favorable metabolic profile in adolescents. These findings support the idea that, along with an adequate amount of physical activity, a regular sleep schedule is important for the metabolic health of adolescents.
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13
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Lubas MM, Maduro RS, Szklo-Coxe M. An exploratory study examining the associations between sunlight exposure, sleep behaviours and sleep outcomes during an Arctic summer. Int J Circumpolar Health 2020; 78:1574698. [PMID: 30915921 PMCID: PMC7595109 DOI: 10.1080/22423982.2019.1574698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Few evidence-based recommendations exist for maintaining healthy sleep during Arctic summers. Our study aimed to examine associations between sleep hygiene, sunlight exposure and sleep outcomes in workers living in and/or near the Arctic Circle during a 24-h light period. A survey was administered July 2017 to 19 workers at 3 Arctic base camps in Northeastern Alaska. Participants with poorer sleep hygiene reported increased sleepiness (r=.62, p=0.01); this correlation remained moderately strong, albeit not statistically significant (NS), after controlling for shift work (r=.46, p=0.06). No other statistically significant correlations between sleep hygiene and sleep outcomes were found. Weekly daytime (<8pm) and evening (>8pm) sunlight exposures, estimated from daily self-reported sunlight exposures for a typical workday and day off, were dichotomised, based on means, into: longer (>45 h/week) versus shorter (<45 h/week) daytime exposures, and longer (>16 h/week) versus shorter (<16 h/week) evening exposures. Participants reporting longer, versus shorter, weekly daytime sunlight exposure had statistically significantly (Mann-Whitney U=18.00, Z=-1.98, p≤0.05) decreased median sleep duration (6 h, 18 min versus 8 h, respectively) during the past month. Correlations of r≥.3 for longer, vis-à-vis shorter, daylight sunlight exposure suggest it could be related to poorer sleep outcomes, such as insufficient sleep and sleep quality, yet, as these correlations were NS, future work is needed to determine this. Weak or no correlations (and NS differences) were found for longer, versus shorter, weekly evening sunlight exposure and sleep outcomes. Findings support previous research suggesting self-regulation behaviours alone are not protective against poor sleep in Arctic environments. Sleep outcomes did not differ statistically significantly by evening sunlight exposure length. Longer weekly daytime sunlight exposure, versus shorter, was significantly associated with decreased sleep duration. Results from this exploratory study should be confirmed in studies using larger sample sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret M Lubas
- a College of Health Sciences , Old Dominion University , Norfolk , VA , USA
| | - Ralitsa S Maduro
- b Quality Research Institute , Sentara Healthcare , Norfolk , VA , USA
| | - Mariana Szklo-Coxe
- a College of Health Sciences , Old Dominion University , Norfolk , VA , USA
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14
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Cabanas-Sánchez V, Esteban-Cornejo I, Migueles JH, Banegas JR, Graciani A, Rodríguez-Artalejo F, Martínez-Gómez D. Twenty four-hour activity cycle in older adults using wrist-worn accelerometers: The seniors-ENRICA-2 study. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2020; 30:700-708. [PMID: 31834945 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed: (a) to provide a detailed description of sleep, sedentary behavior (SED), light physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) over the complete 24-hours period using raw acceleration data in older adults; and (b) to examine the differences in the 24-hours activity cycle by sex, age, education, and body mass index (BMI). METHODS Population-based cohort comprising 3273 community-dwelling individuals (1739 women), aged 71.8 ± 4.5 years, participating in the Seniors-ENRICA-2 study. Participants wore a wrist-worn ActiGraph GT9X accelerometer for 7 consecutive days, and the raw signal was processed using the R-package GGIR. RESULTS Participants reached 21.5 mg as mean acceleration over the whole day; 32.3% (7.7 h/d) of time was classified as sleep, 53.2% (12.7 h/d) as SED, 10.4% (148.6 min/d) as LPA, and 4.1% (59.0 min/d) as MVPA. No marked differences were found in sleep-related variables between socio-demographic and BMI groups. However, women showed higher LPA but lower SED and MVPA than men. Moreover, SED increased whereas LPA and MVPA decreased with age. Participants with obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 ) accumulated more SED and less LPA and MVPA than those without obesity. As expected, adherence to physical activity recommendations varied widely (9.2%-76.6%) depending on the criterion of MVPA accumulation. CONCLUSION Objective assessment of the 24-hour activity cycle provides extensive characterization of daily activities distribution in older adults and may inform health-promotion interventions in this population. Women, the oldest old, and those with obesity offer relevant targets of strategies to improve lifestyle patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Cabanas-Sánchez
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Physical Education, Sport and Human Movement, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Esteban-Cornejo
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" research group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jairo H Migueles
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" research group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - José Ramón Banegas
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Auxiliadora Graciani
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain.,CEI UAM + CSIC, IMDEA Food Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Martínez-Gómez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain.,CEI UAM + CSIC, IMDEA Food Institute, Madrid, Spain
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15
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CABANAS-SÁNCHEZ VERÓNICA, HIGUERAS-FRESNILLO SARA, DE LA CÁMARA MIGUELÁNGEL, ESTEBAN-CORNEJO IRENE, MARTÍNEZ-GÓmez DAVID. 24-h Movement and Nonmovement Behaviors in Older Adults. The IMPACT65+ Study. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019; 51:671-680. [DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000001838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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16
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Liu F, Zhang H, Liu Y, Sun X, Yin Z, Li H, Deng K, Zhao Y, Wang B, Ren Y, Zhang L, Zhou J, Han C, Liu X, Zhang D, Chen G, Hong S, Wang C, Hu D, Zhang M. Sleep Duration Interacts With Lifestyle Risk Factors and Health Status to Alter Risk of All-Cause Mortality: The Rural Chinese Cohort Study. J Clin Sleep Med 2018; 14:857-865. [PMID: 29734984 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.7124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Many studies suggest an association of both short and long sleep duration with all-cause mortality, but the effect of co-occurrence of sleep duration and other lifestyle risk factors or health status remains unclear. METHODS A total of 17,184 participants aged 18 years or older from rural areas of China were examined at baseline from 2007 to 2008 and followed up from 2013 to 2014. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS During 6-year follow-up, we identified 1,101 deaths. The multivariable-adjusted mortality risk was significantly higher with short-duration sleepers (< 6.5 hours) (HR = 1.37, 95% CI 1.01-1.86) and long-duration sleepers (≥ 9.5 hours) (HR = 1.35, 95% CI 1.05-1.74) versus 6.5-7.5 hours. The multiplicative interaction of long sleep duration with some lifestyle risk factors and health statuses increased the mortality risk in men (low level of physical activity: HR = 1.03, 95% CI 1.02-1.04; hypertension: HR = 1.06, 95% CI 1.04-1.09; type 2 diabetes mellitus [T2DM]: HR = 1.07, 95% CI 1.04-1.11). Similar results were found in women (low level of physical activity: HR = 1.03, 95% CI 1.02-1.05; T2DM: HR = 1.07, 95% CI 1.05-1.10). CONCLUSIONS Sleep duration could be a predictor of all-cause mortality and its interaction with physical activity, hypertension, and T2DM may increase the risk of mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyan Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyan Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Liu
- The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xizhuo Sun
- The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoxia Yin
- The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Honghui Li
- The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kunpeng Deng
- Yantian Entry-exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingyuan Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongcheng Ren
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Junmei Zhou
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengyi Han
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejiao Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guozhen Chen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shihao Hong
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongsheng Hu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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Schepps MA, Shiroma EJ, Kamada M, Harris TB, Lee IM. Day length is associated with physical activity and sedentary behavior among older women. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6602. [PMID: 29700376 PMCID: PMC5920095 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25145-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical activity may be influenced by one’s physical environment, including day length and weather. Studies of physical activity, day length, and weather have primarily used self-reported activity, broad meteorological categorization, and limited geographic regions. We aim to examine the association of day length and physical activity in a large cohort of older women, covering a wide geographic range. Participants (N = 16,741; mean (SD) age = 72.0 (SD = 5.7) years) were drawn from the Women’s Health Study and lived throughout the United States. Physical activity was assessed by accelerometer (ActiGraph GT3X+) between 2011 and 2015. Day length and weather information were obtained by matching weather stations to the participants’ location using National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration databases. Women who experienced day lengths greater than 14 hours had 5.5% more steps, 9.4% more moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, and 1.6% less sedentary behavior, compared to women who experienced day lengths less than 10 hours, after adjusting for age, accelerometer wear, temperature, and precipitation. Day length is associated with physical activity and sedentary behavior in older women, and needs to be considered in programs promoting physical activity as well as in the analyses of accelerometer data covering wide geographic regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell A Schepps
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Eric J Shiroma
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Masamitsu Kamada
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - I-Min Lee
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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18
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Smarr BL, Schirmer AE. 3.4 million real-world learning management system logins reveal the majority of students experience social jet lag correlated with decreased performance. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4793. [PMID: 29599506 PMCID: PMC5876324 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23044-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Misalignments between endogenous circadian rhythms and the built environment (i.e., social jet lag, SJL) result in learning and attention deficits. Currently, there is no way to assess the impact of SJL on learning outcomes of large populations as a response to schedule choices, let alone to assess which individuals are most negatively impacted by these choices. We analyzed two years of learning management system login events for 14,894 Northeastern Illinois University (NEIU) students to investigate the capacity of such systems as tools for mapping the impact of SJL over large populations while maintaining the ability to generate insights about individuals. Personal daily activity profiles were validated against known biological timing effects, and revealed a majority of students experience more than 30 minutes of SJL on average, with greater amplitude correlating strongly with a significant decrease in academic performance, especially in people with later apparent chronotypes. Our findings demonstrate that online records can be used to map individual- and population-level SJL, allow deep mining for patterns across demographics, and could guide schedule choices in an effort to minimize SJL’s negative impact on learning outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin L Smarr
- University of California at Berkeley, Department of Psychology, California, USA
| | - Aaron E Schirmer
- Northeastern Illinois University, Department of Biology, Chicago, USA.
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Seasonality of physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep in a middle-aged and elderly population: The Rotterdam study. Maturitas 2018; 110:41-50. [PMID: 29563034 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2018.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) have seasonal patterns. It remains unclear how these patterns are associated with sleep, meteorological factors, and health. METHODS Activity levels were continuously measured with an accelerometer for seven days between July 2011 and May 2016, among middle-aged (50-64 years), young-elderly (65-74 years) and old-elderly (≥75 years) participants of a population-based Dutch cohort study (n = 1116). Meteorological factors (ambient temperature, wind speed, sunlight hours, precipitation, and minimum visibility) were locally recorded. We first examined the seasonality of PA, SB, and nighttime sleep, stratified by age group. Second, we examined the influence of meteorological factors. Third, we modeled the potential seasonality of the all-cause mortality risk due to the seasonality of PA and SB, by using previously published relative risks. RESULTS Levels of light and moderate-to-vigorous PA were higher in summer than in winter among middle-aged (seasonal variation = 18.1 and 14.8 min/day) and young-elderly adults (12.8 and 8.6 min/day). The pattern was explained by ambient temperature and sunlight hours. Nighttime sleep was 31.8 min/day longer in winter among middle-aged adults. SB did not show a seasonal pattern. No seasonality in activity levels was observed among old-elderly adults. The all-cause mortality risk may be higher in winter than in summer due to the accumulation of low levels of moderate to vigorous PA and high levels of SB. CONCLUSION PA has a larger degree of seasonality than SB and nighttime sleep among middle-aged and young-elderly adults. SB appears strongly ingrained in daily routine. Recommending the interruption of SB with light PA might be a good starting point for public health institutions.
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20
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Skarpsno ES, Mork PJ, Nilsen TIL, Holtermann A. Sleep positions and nocturnal body movements based on free-living accelerometer recordings: association with demographics, lifestyle, and insomnia symptoms. Nat Sci Sleep 2017; 9:267-275. [PMID: 29138608 PMCID: PMC5677378 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s145777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In order to establish normative values for body positions and movements during sleep, the objective of this study was to explore the distribution of sleep positions and extent of nocturnal body moments and the association with sex, age, body-mass index (BMI), smoking, alcohol consumption, and insomnia symptoms. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study comprised data on a working population (363 men and 301 women) who participated in the Danish Physical Activity Cohort with Objective Measurements (DPHACTO). Measures of body position and movements were obtained from actigraph accelerometers on the thigh, upper back, and upper arm. Linear regression was used to estimate adjusted mean differences in movements among categories of demographic and lifestyle characteristics. RESULTS During their time in bed, participants spent 54.1% (SD 18.1%) in the side position, 37.5% (SD 18.2%) in the back position, and 7.3% (SD 12.3%) in the front position. Increasing age and BMI were associated with increased time in the side position and a proportional reduction in time in the back position. There were on average 1.6 (SD 0.7) position shifts per hour. Compared to males, females had fewer position shifts (-0.37, 95% CI -0.48 to -0.24) and fewer arm, thigh, and upper-back movements. Participants aged 20-34 years had more arm, thigh, and upper-back movements compared to participants ≥35 years. Obese participants had fewer shifts in body position (-0.15, 95% CI -0.27 to 0), but more arm, thigh, and upper-back movements compared to normal-weight participants. Smokers had fewer shifts in body position than nonsmokers (-0.27, 95% CI -0.4 to -0.13). CONCLUSION The predominant sleep position in adults is on the side. This preference increases with age and BMI. The extent of nocturnal body movements is associated with sex, age, BMI, and smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eivind Schjelderup Skarpsno
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)
- Liaison Committee between Central Norway Regional Health Authority and NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Paul Jarle Mork
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)
| | - Tom Ivar Lund Nilsen
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)
| | - Andreas Holtermann
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Plasma Phosphatidylethanolamine and Triacylglycerol Fatty Acid Concentrations are Altered in Major Depressive Disorder Patients with Seasonal Pattern. Lipids 2017; 52:559-571. [PMID: 28439746 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-017-4254-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Disturbances in peripheral and brain lipid metabolism, including the omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), have been reported in major depressive disorder (MDD). However, these changes have yet to be confirmed in MDD with seasonal pattern (MDD-s), a subtype of recurrent MDD. The present exploratory study quantified plasma plasmalogen and diacyl-phospholipid species, and fatty acids within total phospholipids, cholesteryl esters, triacylglycerols and free fatty acids in non-medicated MDD-s participants (n = 9) during euthymia in summer or fall, and during depression in winter in order to screen for potential high sensitivity lipid biomarkers. Triacylglycerol alpha-linolenic acid concentration was significantly decreased, and myristoleic acid concentration was significantly increased, during winter depression compared to summer-fall euthymia. 1-stearyl-2-docosahexaenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine, a diacyl-phospholipid containing stearic acid and DHA, was significantly decreased in winter depression. Concentrations of cholesteryl ester oleic acid and several polyunsaturated fatty acids between summer/fall and winter increased in proportion to the increase in depressive symptoms. The observed changes in lipid metabolic pathways in winter-type MDD-s offer new promise for lipid biomarker development.
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Sleep deficiency on school days in Icelandic youth, as assessed by wrist accelerometry. Sleep Med 2017; 33:103-108. [PMID: 28449887 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2016.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Revised: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The purpose of this study was to objectively measure, with wrist-worn actigraphy, free-living sleeping patterns in Icelandic adolescents, and to compare sleep duration, sleep quality and clock times between school days (SchD) and non-school days (NSchD) and the association between sleep and body mass index (BMI). METHODS A cross-sectional study on 15.9-year-old (±0.3) adolescents from six schools in Reykjavík, Iceland, took place in the spring of 2015. Free-living sleep was measured on 301 subjects (122 boys and 179 girls) over seven days using wrist-worn actigraphy accelerometers. Total rest time (TRT), total sleep time (TST), sleep quality markers, and clock times for sleep were quantified and compared between SchD and NSchD and between the sexes, using paired and group t-tests as appropriate. Linear regression was used to assess the association between sleep parameters and BMI. RESULTS On SchD, TST was 6.2 ± 0.7 h, with sleep efficiency (SLE) of 87.9 ± 4.4% for the group. On NSchD, TST increased to 7.3 ± 1.1 h (p < 0.001), although SLE decreased to 87.4 ± 4.7% (p < 0.05). On SchD and NSchD, 67% and 93% had bed times after midnight, respectively, and on SchD 10.7% met sleep recommendations (8 h/night). There was no association between BMI and average sleep parameters. CONCLUSION The majority of Icelandic adolescents did not get the recommended number of hours of sleep, especially on SchD. While TST increased on NSchD, many participants still did not achieve the recommendations. These findings provide information on the sleep patterns of adolescents and may serve as reference for development of policies and interventions to promote better sleep practices.
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