1
|
Na E, Allen E, Baird LA, Odom CV, Korkmaz FT, Shenoy AT, Matschulat AM, Jones MR, Kotton DN, Mizgerd JP, Varelas X, Traber KE, Quinton LJ. Epithelial LIF signaling limits apoptosis and lung injury during bacterial pneumonia. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2022; 322:L550-L563. [PMID: 35137631 PMCID: PMC8957336 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00325.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
During bacterial pneumonia, alveolar epithelial cells are critical for maintaining gas exchange and providing antimicrobial as well as pro-immune properties. We previously demonstrated that leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), an IL-6 family cytokine, is produced by type II alveolar epithelial cells (ATII) and is critical for tissue protection during bacterial pneumonia. However, the target cells and mechanisms of LIF-mediated protection remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate that antibody-induced LIF blockade remodels the lung epithelial transcriptome in association with increased apoptosis. Based on these data, we performed pneumonia studies using a novel mouse model in which LIFR (the unique receptor for LIF) is absent in lung epithelium. Although LIFR is expressed on the surface of epithelial cells, its absence only minimally contributed to tissue protection during pneumonia. Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNAseq) was conducted to identify adult murine lung cell types most prominently expressing Lifr, revealing endothelial cells, mesenchymal cells, and ATIIs as major sources of Lifr. Sequencing data indicated that ATII cells were significantly impacted by pneumonia, with additional differences observed in response to LIF neutralization, including but not limited to gene programs related to cell death, injury, and inflammation. Overall, our data suggest that LIF signaling on epithelial cells alters responses in this cell type during pneumonia. However, our results also suggest separate and perhaps more prominent roles of LIFR in other cell types, such as endothelial cells or mesenchymal cells, which provide grounds for future investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elim Na
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eri Allen
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lillia A Baird
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Christine V Odom
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Filiz T Korkmaz
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anukul T Shenoy
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Adeline M Matschulat
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Matthew R Jones
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Darrell N Kotton
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joseph P Mizgerd
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Xaralabos Varelas
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Katrina E Traber
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lee J Quinton
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Aghamirza Moghim Aliabadi H, Eivazzadeh‐Keihan R, Beig Parikhani A, Fattahi Mehraban S, Maleki A, Fereshteh S, Bazaz M, Zolriasatein A, Bozorgnia B, Rahmati S, Saberi F, Yousefi Najafabadi Z, Damough S, Mohseni S, Salehzadeh H, Khakyzadeh V, Madanchi H, Kardar GA, Zarrintaj P, Saeb MR, Mozafari M. COVID-19: A systematic review and update on prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. MedComm (Beijing) 2022; 3:e115. [PMID: 35281790 PMCID: PMC8906461 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the rapid onset of the COVID-19 or SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in the world in 2019, extensive studies have been conducted to unveil the behavior and emission pattern of the virus in order to determine the best ways to diagnosis of virus and thereof formulate effective drugs or vaccines to combat the disease. The emergence of novel diagnostic and therapeutic techniques considering the multiplicity of reports from one side and contradictions in assessments from the other side necessitates instantaneous updates on the progress of clinical investigations. There is also growing public anxiety from time to time mutation of COVID-19, as reflected in considerable mortality and transmission, respectively, from delta and Omicron variants. We comprehensively review and summarize different aspects of prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID-19. First, biological characteristics of COVID-19 were explained from diagnosis standpoint. Thereafter, the preclinical animal models of COVID-19 were discussed to frame the symptoms and clinical effects of COVID-19 from patient to patient with treatment strategies and in-silico/computational biology. Finally, the opportunities and challenges of nanoscience/nanotechnology in identification, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID-19 were discussed. This review covers almost all SARS-CoV-2-related topics extensively to deepen the understanding of the latest achievements (last updated on January 11, 2022).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hooman Aghamirza Moghim Aliabadi
- Protein Chemistry LaboratoryDepartment of Medical BiotechnologyBiotechnology Research CenterPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
- Advance Chemical Studies LaboratoryFaculty of ChemistryK. N. Toosi UniversityTehranIran
| | | | - Arezoo Beig Parikhani
- Department of Medical BiotechnologyBiotechnology Research CenterPasteur InstituteTehranIran
| | | | - Ali Maleki
- Department of ChemistryIran University of Science and TechnologyTehranIran
| | | | - Masoume Bazaz
- Department of Medical BiotechnologyBiotechnology Research CenterPasteur InstituteTehranIran
| | | | | | - Saman Rahmati
- Department of Medical BiotechnologyBiotechnology Research CenterPasteur InstituteTehranIran
| | - Fatemeh Saberi
- Department of Medical BiotechnologySchool of Advanced Technologies in MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Zeinab Yousefi Najafabadi
- Department of Medical BiotechnologySchool of Advanced Technologies in MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- ImmunologyAsthma & Allergy Research InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Shadi Damough
- Department of Medical BiotechnologyBiotechnology Research CenterPasteur InstituteTehranIran
| | - Sara Mohseni
- Non‐metallic Materials Research GroupNiroo Research InstituteTehranIran
| | | | - Vahid Khakyzadeh
- Department of ChemistryK. N. Toosi University of TechnologyTehranIran
| | - Hamid Madanchi
- School of MedicineSemnan University of Medical SciencesSemnanIran
- Drug Design and Bioinformatics UnitDepartment of Medical BiotechnologyBiotechnology Research CenterPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
| | - Gholam Ali Kardar
- Department of Medical BiotechnologySchool of Advanced Technologies in MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- ImmunologyAsthma & Allergy Research InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Payam Zarrintaj
- School of Chemical EngineeringOklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOklahomaUSA
| | - Mohammad Reza Saeb
- Department of Polymer TechnologyFaculty of ChemistryGdańsk University of TechnologyGdańskPoland
| | - Masoud Mozafari
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative MedicineIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Metcalfe S. KILLING THE CURE? Is targeting LIF to treat pancreatic cancer a dangerous case of mistaken identity? MEDICINE IN DRUG DISCOVERY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medidd.2021.100112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
4
|
Roberton VH, Phillips JB. Considerations for the use of biomaterials to support cell therapy in neurodegenerative disease. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2022; 166:191-205. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2022.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
5
|
Chandrakala V, Aruna V, Angajala G. Review on metal nanoparticles as nanocarriers: current challenges and perspectives in drug delivery systems. EMERGENT MATERIALS 2022; 5:1593-1615. [PMID: 35005431 PMCID: PMC8724657 DOI: 10.1007/s42247-021-00335-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few years, nanotechnology has been attracting considerable research attention because of their outstanding mechanical, electromagnetic and optical properties. Nanotechnology is an interdisciplinary field comprising nanomaterials, nanoelectronics, and nanobiotechnology, as three areas which extensively overlap. The application of metal nanoparticles (MNPs) has drawn much attention offering significant advances, especially in the field of medicine by increasing the therapeutic index of drugs through site specificity preventing multidrug resistance and delivering therapeutic agents efficiently. Apart from drug delivery, some other applications of MNPs in medicine are also well known such as in vivo and in vitro diagnostics and production of enhanced biocompatible materials and nutraceuticals. The use of metallic nanoparticles for drug delivery systems has significant advantages, such as increased stability and half-life of drug carrier in circulation, required biodistribution, and passive or active targeting into the required target site. Green synthesis of MNPs is an emerging area in the field of bionanotechnology and provides economic and environmental benefits as an alternative to chemical and physical methods. Therefore, this review aims to provide up-to-date insights on the current challenges and perspectives of MNPs in drug delivery systems. The present review was mainly focused on the greener methods of metallic nanocarrier preparations and its surface modifications, applications of different MNPs like silver, gold, platinum, palladium, copper, zinc oxide, metal sulfide and nanometal organic frameworks in drug delivery systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V. Chandrakala
- Department of Chemistry, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Anand Nagar, Krishnan Koil, 626126 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Valmiki Aruna
- Department of Chemistry, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Anand Nagar, Krishnan Koil, 626126 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Gangadhara Angajala
- Department of Chemistry, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Anand Nagar, Krishnan Koil, 626126 Tamil Nadu India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rafiee Z, Nejaddehbashi F, Nasrolahi A, Khademi Moghadam F. Stem cell-based and mesenchymal stem cell derivatives for coronavirus treatment. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2021; 69:1942-1965. [PMID: 34555225 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as one of the types of pneumonia was first reported in Wuhan, China in December 2019. COVID-19 is considered the third most common coronavirus among individuals after acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV) and the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV) in the 20th century. Many studies have shown that cell therapy and regenerative medicine approaches have an impressive effect on different dangerous diseases in a way that using a cell-based experiment could be effective for improving humans with severe acute respiratory infections caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus. Accordingly, due to the stunning effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and derivatives on the treatment of various diseases, this review focuses on the auxiliary role of MSCs and their derivatives in reducing the inflammatory processes of acute respiratory infections resulted from the 2019 novel coronavirus. The reported MSCs treatment outcomes are significant because these cells prevent the immune system from overactivating and improve, endogenous repair by improving the lung microenvironment after the SARS-CoV-2 infection. The MSCs can be an effective, autologous, and safe treatment, and therefore, share the results. To date, the results of several studies have shown that MSCs and their derivatives can inhibit inflammation. Exosomes act as intercellular communication devices between cells for the transfer of active molecules. In this review, recent MSCs and their derivatives-based clinical trials for the cure of COVID-19 are introduced.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Rafiee
- cellular and molecular research center, Medical Basic Sciences Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Nejaddehbashi
- cellular and molecular research center, Medical Basic Sciences Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ava Nasrolahi
- Infectious Ophthalmologic Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Pain Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abdelgawad M, Bakry NS, Farghali AA, Abdel-Latif A, Lotfy A. Mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy and exosomes in COVID-19: current trends and prospects. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:469. [PMID: 34419143 PMCID: PMC8379570 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02542-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2. The virus causes an exaggerated immune response, resulting in a cytokine storm and acute respiratory distress syndrome, the leading cause of COVID-19-related mortality and morbidity. So far, no therapies have succeeded in circumventing the exacerbated immune response or cytokine storm associated with COVID-19. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), through their immunomodulatory and regenerative activities, mostly mediated by their paracrine effect and extracellular vesicle production, have therapeutic potential in many autoimmune, inflammatory, and degenerative diseases. In this paper, we review clinical studies on the use of MSCs for COVID-19 treatment, including the salutary effects of MSCs on the pathophysiology of COVID-19 and the immunomodulation of the cytokine storm. Ongoing clinical trial designs, cell sources, dose and administration, and populations are summarized, and the paracrine mode of benefit is discussed. We also offer suggestions for optimizing MSC-based therapies, including genetic engineering, strategies for cell surface modification, nanotechnology applications, and combination therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mai Abdelgawad
- Biotechnology and Life Sciences Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences (PSAS), Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Nourhan Saied Bakry
- Biotechnology and Life Sciences Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences (PSAS), Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Farghali
- Materials Science and Nanotechnology Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences (PSAS), Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abdel-Latif
- Gill Heart Institute and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky and the Lexington VA Medical Center, Lexington, KY, USA. .,College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506-0046, USA.
| | - Ahmed Lotfy
- Biotechnology and Life Sciences Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences (PSAS), Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, 62511, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Afarid M, Sanie-Jahromi F. Mesenchymal Stem Cells and COVID-19: Cure, Prevention, and Vaccination. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:6666370. [PMID: 34035820 PMCID: PMC8103964 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6666370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 disease has been a global health problem since late 2019. There are many concerns about the rapid spread of this disease, and yet, there is no approved treatment for COVID-19. Several biological interventions have been under study recently to investigate efficient treatment for this viral disease. Besides, many efforts have been made to find a safe way to prevent and vaccinate people against COVID-19 disease. In severe cases, patients suffer from acute respiratory distress syndrome usually associated with an increased level of inflammatory cytokines, called a cytokine storm. It seems that reequilibrating the hyperinflammatory response of the host immune system and regeneration of damaged cells could be the main way to manage the disease. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been recently under investigation in this regard, and the achieved clinical outcomes show promising evidence for stem cell-based therapy of COVID-19. MSCs are known for their potential for immunomodulation, defense against virus infection, and tissue regeneration. MSCs are a newly emerged platform for designing vaccines and show promising evidence in this area. In the present study, we provided a thorough research study on the most recent clinical studies based on stem cells in the treatment of COVID-19 while introducing stem cell exclusivities for use as an immune disorder or lung cell therapy and its potential application for protection and vaccination against COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Afarid
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sanie-Jahromi
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Medical progress: Stem cells as a new therapeutic strategy for COVID-19. Stem Cell Res 2021; 52:102239. [PMID: 33601098 PMCID: PMC7877901 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2021.102239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, the world is facing the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, coronavirus of acute respiratory distress syndrome 2, causes of COVID-19. Coronaviruses are RNA single-stranded viruses that have an envelope. In addition, coronaviruses are classified into four subfamilies: alpha, beta, gamma and delta coronaviruses. The first of them, cause mildly symptomatic or asymptomatic infections, while beta-coronaviruses are responsible for severe diseases. SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the group of beta-coronaviruses. Current available therapies use corticosteroids to reduce inflammation, non-specific antiviral drugs or antibiotics in the treatment of secondary bacterial infections. In addition, therapies based on the use of hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine, remdesvir, ribavirin, interferon or lopinavir-ritonavir were also initially used. Mesenchemical stem cells (MSCs) are widely used in cell therapies, which include both basic research and clinical trials. Their exceptional effectiveness and safety have been confirmed and documented in many clinical studies, which include a number of inflammatory diseases involving the immune system - one of them is systemic lupus erythematosus. Available data indicate the ability to differentiate MSCs and their immunomodulatory effects. In addition, through interactions with immune cells, which include, but are not limited to, macrophages and dendritic cells, or paracrine secretion, MSCs are able to secrete a number of types of cytokines. MSCs are also characterized by tissue regeneration and regulation of inflammation. Due to their properties, researchers turned to determine whether MSC transplantation is able to improve the outcome of patients with COVID-19 viral pneumonia. The presented review provides not only new knowledge in the field of molecular mechanisms of pro-regenerative action of stem cells, but also have the potential to open up new prospects of action to improve lung tissue regeneration in COVID-19 patients. In addition, in review mentioned about clinical trials using MSCs with a complete status, as well as the latest discoveries in molecular biology, a platform model of pluripotent stem cells in the SARS-CoV-2 study on 3D animal models and nanoconjugates based on stem cells.
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Currently, there are no specific and efficient vaccines or drugs for COVID-19, particularly in severe cases. A wide range of variations in the clinical symptoms of different patients attributed to genomic differences. Therefore, personalized treatments seem to play a critical role in improving these symptoms and even similar conditions. Prompted by the uncertainties in the area of COVID-19 therapies, we reviewed the published papers and concepts to gather and provide useful information to clinicians and researchers interested in personalized medicine and cell-based therapy. One novel aspect of this study focuses on the potential application of personalized medicine in treating severe cases of COVID-19. However, it is theoretical, as any real-world examples of the use of genuinely personalized medicine have not existed yet. Nevertheless, we know that stem cells, especially MSCs, have immune-modulatory effects and can be stored for future personalized medicine applications. This theory has been conjugated with some evidence that we review in the present study. Besides, we discuss the importance of personalized medicine and its possible aspects in COVID-19 treatment, then review the cell-based therapy studies for COVID-19 with a particular focus on stem cell-based therapies as a primary personalized tool medicine. However, the idea of cell-based therapy has not been accepted by several scientific communities due to some concerns of lack of satisfactory clinical studies; still, the MSCs and their clinical outcomes have been revealed the safety and potency of this therapeutic approach in several diseases, especially in the immune-mediated inflammatory diseases and some incurable diseases. Promising outcomes have resulted in that clinical studies are going to continue.
Collapse
|
11
|
Nanotechnology Solutions for Controlled Cytokine Delivery: An Applied Perspective. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10207098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Around 200 cytokines with roles in cell signaling have been identified and studied, with the vast majority belonging to the four-α-helix bundle family. These proteins exert their function by binding to specific receptors and are implicated in many diseases. The use of several cytokines as therapeutic targets has been approved by the FDA, however their rapid clearance in vivo still greatly limits their efficacy. Nano-based drug delivery systems have been widely applied in nanomedicine to develop safe, specific and controlled delivery techniques. Nevertheless, each nanomaterial has its own specifications and their suitability towards the biochemical and biophysical properties of the selected drug needs to be determined, weighing in the final choice of the ideal nano drug delivery system. Nanoparticles remain the most used vehicle for cytokine delivery, where polymeric carriers represent the vast majority of the studied systems. Liposomes and gold or silica nanoparticles are also explored and discussed in this review. Additionally, surface functionalization is of great importance to facilitate the attachment of a wide variety of molecules and modify features such as bioavailability. Since the monitoring of cytokine levels has an important role in early clinical diagnosis and for assessing therapeutic efficacy, nanotechnological advances are also valuable for nanosensor development.
Collapse
|
12
|
Maurya CK, Misra R, Sharma P, Singh N, Awasthi H, Agrawal R, Misra S, Dwivedi S. Novel Stem Cells and Nucleic Acid-Based Vaccine Trials Against Viral Outbreak: A Systematic Evaluation During COVID-2019 Pandemic. Indian J Clin Biochem 2020; 35:397-409. [PMID: 32837030 PMCID: PMC7347658 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-020-00907-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The current Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak, the cause of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), has influenced health globally. So far, there are no established management options and prophylaxis for those who have been exposed to SARS-CoV-2, and those who develop COVID-19. Documented scientific evidences in similar viral outbreaks in past suggested few therapy regimens. These rather have not shown promising results in management of current pandemic. So, in the current review, we are exploring novel treatment strategies and therapies that are being explored and are in clinical and preclinical stages of research. To explore more about the same, we directed our search towards stem cell based, DNA based, or RNA based vaccines against COVID-19 under development by various universities, institutes or pharmaceutical companies. The current scientific literature and database search were performed by exploring various Trials registry (NIH: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ and https://www.coronavirus.gov) and Chinese clinical trial registry http://www.chictr.org.cn/) and for preclinical trials various University, Institutions, Pharmaceutical companies websites and news bulletins along with google search were checked routinely from 3rd March 2020 to 16 May 2020. The term "Stem Cell therapy and COVID-19", "Mesenchymal stem cell and corona 2019 virus", "DNA Vaccines and COVID-19, RNA Vaccines and COVID-19" and "Cell-based therapy with SARS-CoV-2, University/Institutions and COVID-19 research" were used. The vaccine trials (Stem Cells/DNA/RNA) which were cancelled were not included in this review. Similarly, few others like repurposing of drugs, Nano Vaccines, other miscellaneous trials of Herbs, Music therapy etc., were also excluded. In the present review, we have included the various novel therapies like stem cell therapy, DNA or RNA vaccines which are under development and if proven successful may have a lasting impact on the health industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Kumar Maurya
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, 273008 India
| | - Radhieka Misra
- Era’s Lucknow Medical College, and Hospital, Lucknow, 226003 India
| | - Praveen Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, 342005 India
| | - Neha Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, 211007 India
| | - Harshita Awasthi
- Department of Biochemistry, Lucknow University Lucknow, Lucknow, 226007 India
| | - Ruchika Agrawal
- Department of Ear Nose and Throat, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, 273008 India
| | - Sanjeev Misra
- Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, 342005 India
| | - Shailendra Dwivedi
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, 273008 India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Shamim S, Khan M, Kharaba ZJ, Ijaz M, Murtaza G. Potential strategies for combating COVID-19. Arch Virol 2020; 165:2419-2438. [PMID: 32778950 PMCID: PMC7416802 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-020-04768-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019, also known as COVID-19, is caused by a novel coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, or SARS-CoV-2. The infection has now catapulted into a full-blown pandemic across the world, which has affected more than 2 million people and has led to approximately 150,000 fatalities all over the world (WHO). In this review, we elaborate all currently available data that shed light on possible methods for treatment of COVID-19, such as antiviral drugs, corticosteroids, convalescent plasma, and potentially effective vaccines. Additionally, ongoing and discontinued clinical trials that have been carried out for validating probable treatments for COVID-19 are discussed. The review also elaborates the prospective approach and the possible advantages of using convalescent plasma and stem cells for the improvement of clinical symptoms and meeting the demand for an instantaneous cure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saba Shamim
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Maryam Khan
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zelal Jaber Kharaba
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Al-Ain University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Munazza Ijaz
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Murtaza
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Islamabad, 54000, Pakistan.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Uskoković V. Why have nanotechnologies been underutilized in the global uprising against the coronavirus pandemic? Nanomedicine (Lond) 2020; 15:1719-1734. [PMID: 32462968 PMCID: PMC7265684 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2020-0163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Prior research on nanotechnologies in diagnostics, prevention and treatment of coronavirus infections is reviewed. Gold nanoparticles and semiconductor quantum dots in colorimetric and immunochromatographic assays, silica nanoparticles in the polymerase chain reaction and spike protein nanospheres as antigen carriers and adjuvants in vaccine formulations present notable examples in diagnostics and prevention, while uses of nanoparticles in coronavirus infection treatments have been merely sporadic. The current absence of antiviral therapeutics that specifically target human coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2, might be largely due to the underuse of nanotechnologies. Elucidating the interface between nanoparticles and coronaviruses is timely, but presents the only route to the rational design of precisely targeted therapeutics for coronavirus infections. Such a fundamental approach is also a viable prophylaxis against future pandemics of this type.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vuk Uskoković
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, University of California Irvine, Engineering Gateway 4200, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hossein-Khannazer N, Shokoohian B, Shpichka A, Aghdaei HA, Timashev P, Vosough M. Novel therapeutic approaches for treatment of COVID-19. J Mol Med (Berl) 2020; 98:789-803. [PMID: 32494931 PMCID: PMC7268974 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-020-01927-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
To date, there is no licensed treatment or approved vaccine to combat the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19), and the number of new cases and mortality multiplies every day. Therefore, it is essential to develop an effective treatment strategy to control the virus spread and prevent the disease. Here, we summarized the therapeutic approaches that are used to treat this infection. Although it seems that antiviral drugs are effective in improving clinical manifestation, there is no definite treatment protocol. Lymphocytopenia, excessive inflammation, and cytokine storm followed by acute respiratory distress syndrome are still unsolved issues causing the severity of this disease. Therefore, immune response modulation and inflammation management can be considered as an essential step. There is no doubt that more studies are required to clarify immunopathogenesis and immune response; however, new therapeutic approaches including mesenchymal stromal cell and immune cell therapy showed inspiring results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikoo Hossein-Khannazer
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahare Shokoohian
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anastasia Shpichka
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia.,Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei
- Department of Molecular Biology, Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peter Timashev
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia. .,Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia. .,Department of Polymers and Composites, NN Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Moscow, Russia. .,Institute of Photon Technologies, Federal Research Center Crystallography and Photonics RAS, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Cannabinoid Receptor Type 2: A Possible Target in SARS-CoV-2 (CoV-19) Infection? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21113809. [PMID: 32471272 PMCID: PMC7312493 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In late December 2019, a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2 or CoV-19) appeared in Wuhan, China, causing a global pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 causes mild to severe respiratory tract inflammation, often developing into lung fibrosis with thrombosis in pulmonary small vessels and causing even death. COronaVIrus Disease (COVID-19) patients manifest exacerbated inflammatory and immune responses, cytokine storm, prevalence of pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages and increased levels of resident and circulating immune cells. Men show higher susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection than women, likely due to estrogens production. The protective role of estrogens, as well as an immune-suppressive activity that limits the excessive inflammation, can be mediated by cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2). The role of this receptor in modulating inflammation and immune response is well documented in fact in several settings. The stimulation of CB2 receptors is known to limit the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, shift the macrophage phenotype towards the anti-inflammatory M2 type and enhance the immune-modulating properties of mesenchymal stromal cells. For these reasons, we hypothesize that CB2 receptor can be a therapeutic target in COVID-19 pandemic emergency.
Collapse
|
17
|
Bowles AC, Kouroupis D, Willman MA, Perucca Orfei C, Agarwal A, Correa D. Signature quality attributes of CD146 + mesenchymal stem/stromal cells correlate with high therapeutic and secretory potency. Stem Cells 2020; 38:1034-1049. [PMID: 32379908 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
CD146+ bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BM-MSCs) play key roles in the perivascular niche, skeletogenesis, and hematopoietic support; however, comprehensive evaluation of therapeutic potency has yet to be determined. In this study, in vitro inflammatory priming to crude human BM-MSCs (n = 8) captured a baseline of signature responses, including enriched CD146+ with coexpression of CD107aHigh , CXCR4High , and LepRHigh , transcriptional profile, enhanced secretory capacity, and robust immunomodulatory secretome and function, including immunopotency assays (IPAs) with stimulated immune cells. These signatures were significantly more pronounced in CD146+ (POS)-sorted subpopulation than in the CD146- (NEG). Mechanistically, POS BM-MSCs showed a markedly higher secretory capacity with significantly greater immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory protein production upon inflammatory priming compared with the NEG BM-MSCs. Moreover, IPAs with stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells and T lymphocytes demonstrated robust immunosuppression mediated by POS BM-MSC while inducing significant frequencies of regulatory T cells. in vivo evidence showed that POS BM-MSC treatment promoted pronounced M1-to-M2 macrophage polarization, ameliorating inflammation/fibrosis of knee synovium and fat pad, unlike treatment with NEG BM-MSCs. These data correlate the expression of CD146 with innately higher immunomodulatory and secretory capacity, and thus therapeutic potency. This high-content, reproducible evidence suggests that the CD146+ (POS) MSC subpopulation are the mediators of the beneficial effects achieved using crude BM-MSCs, leading to translational implications for improving cell therapy and manufacturing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annie C Bowles
- Department of Orthopaedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.,Diabetes Research Institute & Cell Transplantation Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA.,DJTMF Biomedical Nanotechnology Institute at the University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Dimitrios Kouroupis
- Department of Orthopaedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.,Diabetes Research Institute & Cell Transplantation Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Melissa A Willman
- Diabetes Research Institute & Cell Transplantation Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Carlotta Perucca Orfei
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all'Ortopedia, Milan, Italy
| | - Ashutosh Agarwal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA.,DJTMF Biomedical Nanotechnology Institute at the University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Diego Correa
- Department of Orthopaedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.,Diabetes Research Institute & Cell Transplantation Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.,DJTMF Biomedical Nanotechnology Institute at the University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Metcalfe SM. Mesenchymal stem cells and management of COVID-19 pneumonia. MEDICINE IN DRUG DISCOVERY 2020; 5:100019. [PMID: 32296777 PMCID: PMC7147223 DOI: 10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human coronavirus, hCoV-19, is highly pathogenic with severe pneumonia associated with rapid virus replication. Arising in Wuhan China December 2019, the current COVID-19 epidemic has rapidly grown with person-to-person infection expanding to become a global health emergency now on pandemic scale. Governments will not be able to minimise both deaths from COVID-19 and the economic impact of viral spread in mitigation of this current COVID-19 pandemic, according to Anderson et al. 2020 [1], Keeping mortality as low as possible will be the highest priority for individuals; hence governments must put in place measures to ameliorate the inevitable economic downturn. The current global picture shows small chains of transmission in many countries and large chains resulting in extensive spread in a few countries, such as Italy, Iran, South Korea, and Japan. Most countries are likely to have spread of COVID-19, at least in the early stages, before any mitigation measures have an impact. The scale of the problem is massive. Here I consider new approaches to improve patient's biological resistance to COVID-19 using stem cells, and how benefit might be scaled and simplified using synthetic stem cells to meet logistical needs within a short time frame.
Collapse
|
19
|
Moura RP, Sarmento B. Therapeutic Approaches toward Multiple Sclerosis: Where Do We Stand and Where Are We Headed? ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.201900070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Pedro Moura
- CESPU – Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde Rua Central de Gandra 1317 4585‐116 Gandra Portugal
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- CESPU – Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde Rua Central de Gandra 1317 4585‐116 Gandra Portugal
- I3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em SaúdeUniversidade do Porto Rua Alfredo Allen 208 4200‐135 Porto Portugal
- INEB – Instituto de Engenharia BiomédicaUniversidade do Porto Rua Alfredo Allen 208 4200‐135 Porto Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Andrés-Rodríguez L, Borràs X, Feliu-Soler A, Pérez-Aranda A, Rozadilla-Sacanell A, Arranz B, Montero-Marin J, García-Campayo J, Angarita-Osorio N, Maes M, Luciano JV. Machine Learning to Understand the Immune-Inflammatory Pathways in Fibromyalgia. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174231. [PMID: 31470635 PMCID: PMC6747258 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic syndrome characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, and physical and emotional symptoms. Although its pathophysiology is largely unknown, immune-inflammatory pathways may be involved. We examined serum interleukin (IL)-6, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), CXCL-8, and IL-10 in 67 female FM patients and 35 healthy women while adjusting for age, body mass index (BMI), and comorbid disorders. We scored the Fibromyalgia Severity Score, Widespread Pain Index (WPI), Symptom Severity Scale (SSS), Hospital Anxiety (HADS-A), and Depression Scale and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10). Clinical rating scales were significantly higher in FM patients than in controls. After adjusting for covariates, IL-6, IL-10, and CXCL-8 were lower in FM than in HC, whereas hs-CRP did not show any difference. Binary regression analyses showed that the diagnosis FM was associated with lowered IL-10, quality of sleep, aerobic activities, and increased HADS-A and comorbidities. Neural networks showed that WPI was best predicted by quality of sleep, PSS-10, HADS-A, and the cytokines, while SSS was best predicted by PSS-10, HADS-A, and IL-10. Lowered levels of cytokines are associated with FM independently from confounders. Lowered IL-6 and IL-10 signaling may play a role in the pathophysiology of FM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Andrés-Rodríguez
- Group of Psychological Research in Fibromyalgia & Chronic Pain (AGORA), Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Teaching, Research & Innovation Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, 08830 St. Boi de Llobregat, Spain
- Primary Care Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network, RedIAPP, 28013 Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Psychology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Borràs
- Group of Psychological Research in Fibromyalgia & Chronic Pain (AGORA), Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Faculty of Psychology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Feliu-Soler
- Group of Psychological Research in Fibromyalgia & Chronic Pain (AGORA), Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain.
- Teaching, Research & Innovation Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, 08830 St. Boi de Llobregat, Spain.
- Primary Care Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network, RedIAPP, 28013 Madrid, Spain.
- Faculty of Psychology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Adrián Pérez-Aranda
- Group of Psychological Research in Fibromyalgia & Chronic Pain (AGORA), Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain.
- Teaching, Research & Innovation Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, 08830 St. Boi de Llobregat, Spain.
- Primary Care Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network, RedIAPP, 28013 Madrid, Spain.
| | | | - Belén Arranz
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, 08950 Sant Boi de llobregat, Spain
| | - Jesús Montero-Marin
- Primary Care Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network, RedIAPP, 28013 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier García-Campayo
- Primary Care Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network, RedIAPP, 28013 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Miguel Servet Hospital, Aragon Institute of Health Sciences (I+CS), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Natalia Angarita-Osorio
- Group of Psychological Research in Fibromyalgia & Chronic Pain (AGORA), Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Teaching, Research & Innovation Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, 08830 St. Boi de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Michael Maes
- Department of Psychiatry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Juan V Luciano
- Group of Psychological Research in Fibromyalgia & Chronic Pain (AGORA), Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain.
- Teaching, Research & Innovation Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, 08830 St. Boi de Llobregat, Spain.
- Primary Care Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network, RedIAPP, 28013 Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
NEUROPROTECTIVE IMMUNITY: Leukaemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) as guardian of brain health. MEDICINE IN DRUG DISCOVERY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medidd.2019.100006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
22
|
Davis SM, Collier LA, Goodwin S, Lukins DE, Powell DK, Pennypacker KR. Efficacy of leukemia inhibitory factor as a therapeutic for permanent large vessel stroke differs among aged male and female rats. Brain Res 2018; 1707:62-73. [PMID: 30445025 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Preclinical studies using rodent models of stroke have had difficulty in translating their results to human patients. One possible factor behind this inability is the lack of studies utilizing aged rodents of both sexes. Previously, this lab showed that leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) promoted recovery after stroke through antioxidant enzyme upregulation. This study examined whether LIF promotes neuroprotection in aged rats of both sexes. LIF did not reduce tissue damage in aged animals, but LIF-treated female rats showed partial motor skill recovery. The LIF receptor (LIFR) showed membrane localization in young male and aged rats of both sexes after stroke. Although LIF increased neuronal LIFR expression in vitro, it did not increase LIFR in the aged brain. Levels of LIFR protein in brain tissue were significantly downregulated between young males and aged males/females at 72 h after stroke. These results demonstrated that low LIFR expression reduces the neuroprotective efficacy of LIF in aged rodents of both sexes. Furthermore, the ability of LIF to promote motor improvement is dependent upon sex in aged rodents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M Davis
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, 741 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536, United States.
| | - Lisa A Collier
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, 741 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536, United States.
| | - Sarah Goodwin
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, 741 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536, United States.
| | - Douglas E Lukins
- Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, 800 Rose St., Lexington, KY 40536, United States.
| | - David K Powell
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, 741 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536, United States.
| | - Keith R Pennypacker
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, 741 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536, United States; Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, 800 Rose St., Lexington, KY 40536, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Metcalfe SM, Bickerton S, Fahmy T. Neurodegenerative Disease: A Perspective on Cell-Based Therapy in the New Era of Cell-Free Nano-Therapy. Curr Pharm Des 2018; 23:776-783. [PMID: 27924726 DOI: 10.2174/1381612822666161206141744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDD) result in irreversible loss of neurons. Dementia develops when disease-induced neuronal loss becomes sufficient to impair both memory and cognitive functioning and, globally, dementia is increasing to epidemic proportions as populations age. In the current era of regenerative medicine intense activity is asking, can loss of endogenous neurons be compensated by replacement with exogenously derived cells that have either direct, or indirect, neurogenic capacity? But, more recently, excitement is growing around an emerging alternative to the cell-based approach - here nanotechnology for targeted delivery of growth factor aims to support and expand resident central nervous system (CNS) stem cells for endogenous repair. The concept of a high volume, off-the-shelf nano-therapeutic able to rejuvenate the endogenous neuroglia of the CNS is highly attractive, providing a simple solution to the complex challenges posed by cell-based regenerative medicine. The role of inflammation as an underlying driver of NDD is also considered where anti-inflammatory approaches are candidates for therapy. Indeed, cell-based therapy and/or nanotherapy may protect against inflammation to support both immune quiescence and neuronal survival in the CNS - key targets for treating NDD with the potential to reduce or even stop the cascading pathogenesis and disease progression, possibly promoting some repair where disease is treated early. By design, nanoparticles can be formulated to cross the blood brain barrier (BBB) enabling sustained delivery of neuro-protective agents for sufficient duration to reset neuro-immune homeostasis. Proven safe and efficacious, it is now urgent to deliver nano-medicine (NanoMed) as a scalable approach to treat NDD, where key stakeholders are the patients and the global economy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su M Metcalfe
- Cambridge University Hospitals Trust Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sean Bickerton
- Yale School of Engineering and Applied Science and Yale School of Medicine, 55 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, United States
| | - Tarek Fahmy
- Yale School of Engineering and Applied Science and Yale School of Medicine, 55 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, United States
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
LIF and multiple sclerosis: One protein with two healing properties. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2018; 20:223-227. [PMID: 29448112 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2018.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
25
|
Soltys J, Wang Q, Mao-Draayer Y. Optical coherence tomography and T cell gene expression analysis in patients with benign multiple sclerosis. Neural Regen Res 2017; 12:1352-1356. [PMID: 28966652 PMCID: PMC5607832 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.213558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Benign multiple sclerosis is a retrospective diagnosis based primarily on a lack of motor symptom progression. Recent findings that suggest patients with benign multiple sclerosis experience non-motor symptoms highlight the need for a more prospective means to diagnose benign multiple sclerosis early in order to help direct patient care. In this study, we present optical coherence tomography and T cell neurotrophin gene analysis findings in a small number of patients with benign multiple sclerosis. Our results demonstrated that retinal nerve fiber layer was mildly thinned, and T cells had a distinct gene expression profile that included upregulation of interleukin 10 and leukemia inhibitory factor, downregulation of interleukin 6 and neurotensin high affinity receptor 1 (a novel neurotrophin receptor). These findings add evidence for further investigation into optical coherence tomography and mRNA profiling in larger cohorts as a potential means to diagnose benign multiple sclerosis in a more prospective manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Soltys
- Present Address: University of Colorado Medical Scientist Training Program (MSTP), Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yang Mao-Draayer
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Vela L, Caballero I, Fang L, Liu Q, Ramón F, Díez E, de Los Frailes M. Discovery of Enhancers of the Secretion of Leukemia Inhibitory Factor for the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 21:437-45. [PMID: 26984928 DOI: 10.1177/1087057116638821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune neurodegenerative disease that involves activation of T cells, microglia, and astrocytes. There is a clear unmet medical need for MS, as current therapies reduce the relapse rate, but are unable to prevent the neurological deterioration. Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is a proinflammatory cytokine that can also positively modulate the immune response, by inducing the inhibition of myelin-reactive TH17 differentiation, and by promoting oligodendrocyte-mediated myelination. The aim of this project was to find central nervous system (CNS)-permeable and orally available small molecules that upregulate production of endogenous LIF. We describe here the development of a phenotypic assay and screening of 1.7 million compounds to identify LIF enhancers using U87 MG cells. Five chemically tractable series of compounds and a few singletons were selected for further progression. Some of them were also active in a different LIF-expressing cell line and in primary rat astrocytes. Although further studies would be required to deconvolute the targets involved in LIF induction and to confirm activity of hits in more disease-relevant assays, our results have demonstrated the potential of the phenotypic approach to identify specific and chemically tractable small molecules that trigger the production of LIF in relevant cell lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Vela
- Centro de Investigación Básica, GSK, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Iván Caballero
- Centro de Investigación Básica, GSK, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Leiping Fang
- GSK (China) R&D Company Limited, Pudong, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Liu
- GSK (China) R&D Company Limited, Pudong, Shanghai, China
| | - Fernando Ramón
- Centro de Investigación Básica, GSK, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Díez
- Centro de Investigación Básica, GSK, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|