1
|
Wang Y, Gao T, Li W, Tai C, Xie Y, Chen D, Liu S, Huang F, Wang W, Chen Y, Wang B. Engineered clinical-grade mesenchymal stromal cells combating SARS-CoV-2 omicron variants by secreting effective neutralizing antibodies. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:160. [PMID: 37653459 PMCID: PMC10470189 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01099-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 becomes life-threatening for the older and immunocompromised individuals, whereas limited treatment is available on these populations. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been reported to be useful in SARS-CoV-2 treatment and reduce SARS-CoV-2-related sequelae. RESULTS In this study, we developed an autonomous cellular machine to secret neutralizing antibody in vivo constantly based on the clinical-grade MSCs, to combat SARS-CoV-2 infections. First, various modified recombinant plasmids were constructed and transfected into clinical-grade MSCs by electroporation, for assembly and expression of neutralizing anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Second, the stable antibody secreting MSCs clones were screened through pseudovirus neutralization assay. Finally, we investigated the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of neutralizing antibody secreted by engineered MSCs in vivo. The stable clinical-grade MSCs clones, expressing XGv347-10 and LY-CoV1404-5 neutralizing antibodies, exhibited their feasibility and protective efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Transplanted engineered clinical-grade MSCs effectively delivered the SARS-CoV-2 antibodies to the lung, and the immune hyperresponsiveness caused by COVID-19 was coordinated by MSC clones through inhibiting the differentiation of CD4 + T cells into Th1 and Th17 subpopulations. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggested that engineered clinical-grade MSCs secreting effective neutralizing antibodies as cellular production machines had the potential to combat SARS-CoV-2 infection, which provided a new avenue for effectively treating the older and immunocompromised COVID-19 patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanning Wang
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Tianyun Gao
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - WanTing Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Nanjing, 21000, China
| | - Chenxu Tai
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xie
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Dong Chen
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Shuo Liu
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Feifei Huang
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Wenqing Wang
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Yuxin Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Jiangsu University, Nanjing, 21000, China.
| | - Bin Wang
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Teryek M, Jadhav P, Bento R, Parekkadan B. 3D Microcapsules for Human Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Biomanufacturing in a Vertical-Wheel Bioreactor. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.16.528656. [PMID: 36824906 PMCID: PMC9949076 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.16.528656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Microencapsulation of human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) via electrospraying has been well documented in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Herein, we report the use of microencapsulation, via electrospraying, for MSC expansion using a commercially available hydrogel that is durable, optimized to MSC culture, and enzymatically degradable for cell recovery. Critical parameters of the electrospraying encapsulation process such as seeding density, correlation of microcapsule output with hydrogel volume, and applied voltage were characterized to consistently fabricate cell-laden microcapsules of uniform size. Upon encapsulation, we then verified ~ 10x expansion of encapsulated MSCs within a vertical-wheel bioreactor and the preservation of critical quality attributes such as immunophenotype and multipotency after expansion and cell recovery. Finally, we highlight the genetic manipulation of encapsulated MSCs as an example of incorporating bioactive agents in the capsule material to create new compositions of MSCs with altered phenotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Teryek
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Pankaj Jadhav
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Raphaela Bento
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Biju Parekkadan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen G, Fan XY, Zheng XP, Jin YL, Liu Y, Liu SC. Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate insulin resistance via PTEN-mediated crosstalk between the PI3K/Akt and Erk/MAPKs signaling pathways in the skeletal muscles of db/db mice. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:401. [PMID: 32938466 PMCID: PMC7493876 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01865-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Globally, 1 in 11 adults have diabetes mellitus, and 90% of the cases are type 2 diabetes mellitus. Insulin resistance is a central defect in type 2 diabetes mellitus, and although multiple drugs have been developed to ameliorate insulin resistance, the limitations and accompanying side effects cannot be ignored. Thus, more effective methods are required to improve insulin resistance. Methods In the current study, db/m and db/db mice were injected with human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs) via tail vein injection, intraperitoneal injection, and skeletal muscle injection. Body weight, fasting blood glucose, and the survival rates were monitored. Furthermore, the anti-insulin resistance effects and potential mechanisms of transplanted HUC-MSCs were investigated in db/db mice in vivo. Results The results showed that HUC-MSC transplantation by skeletal muscle injection was safer compared with tail vein injection and intraperitoneal injection, and the survival rate reached 100% in the skeletal muscle injection transplanted mice. HUC-MSCs can stabilize localization and differentiation in skeletal muscle tissue and significantly ameliorate insulin resistance. Potential regulatory mechanisms are associated with downregulation of inflammation, regulating the balance between PI3K/Akt and ERK/MAPK signaling pathway via PTEN, but was not associated with the IGF-1/IGF-1R signaling pathway. Conclusions These results suggest HUC-MSC transplantation may be a novel therapeutic direction to prevent insulin resistance and increase insulin sensitivity, and skeletal muscle injection was the safest and most effective way.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guang Chen
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Taizhou University Hospital, Taizhou University, No 1139 Shifu Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou, 318000, China.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiamusi University, No 148 Xuefu road, Xiangyang District, Jiamusi, 154007, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Fan
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Taizhou University Hospital, Taizhou University, No 1139 Shifu Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Xiao-Peng Zheng
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Taizhou University Hospital, Taizhou University, No 1139 Shifu Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Yue-Lei Jin
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Taizhou University Hospital, Taizhou University, No 1139 Shifu Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Jilin Tuhua Bioengineering Company Limited, Shiling Town, Tiedong District, Siping, Jilin, 136000, China
| | - Shuang-Chun Liu
- Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Taizhou University, No 381, Zhongshan east road, Jiaojiang district, Taizhou, 318000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Human umbilical cord perivascular cells-derived extracellular vesicles mediate the transfer of IGF-I to the liver and ameliorate hepatic fibrogenesis in mice. Gene Ther 2019; 27:62-73. [PMID: 31551525 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-019-0102-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can mediate mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) paracrine effects. We aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of human umbilical cord perivascular cells (HUCPVCs) engineered to produce Insulin Growth Factor like-I (IGF-I) in experimental liver fibrosis and the role of EVs in this effect. HUCPVCs were engineered to produce human IGF-I (AdhIGF-I) or green fluorescence protein (AdGFP) using adenoviruses, and EVs were isolated from their conditioned medium (CM). In vitro effects of CM and EVs on hepatic stellate cells and hepatic macrophages were studied. Cells or EVs-based treatments were evaluated in thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis in mice. The application of AdhIGF-I-HUCPVCs resulted in a further amelioration of liver fibrosis when compared to AdGFP-HUCPVCs and saline. Similarly, treatment with AdhIGF-I-HUCPVCs-derived EVs resulted in a reduction of collagen deposition and gene expression of the fibrogenic related molecules TGF-β1, α-SMA, and COL1A2. In vitro incubation of hepatic stellate cells with EVs-AdhIGF-I-HUCPVCs significantly reduced activation of fibrogenic cells. In addition, EVs-AdhIGF-I-HUCPVCs trigger hepatic macrophages to switch their phenotype towards anti-inflammatory phagocytes, which might be involved in the antifibrotic effect. Consistently, high levels of IGF-I were observed within EVs-AdhIGF-I-HUCPVCs but not in controls EVs. Our results showed that hIGF-I carrying EVs could mediate the paracrine mechanism by which AdhIGF-I-HUCPVCs reduce liver fibrosis.
Collapse
|
5
|
Wiese DM, Ruttan CC, Wood CA, Ford BN, Braid LR. Accumulating Transcriptome Drift Precedes Cell Aging in Human Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Serially Cultured to Replicative Senescence. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 8:945-958. [PMID: 30924318 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.18-0246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In preclinical studies, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) exhibit robust potential for numerous applications. To capitalize on these benefits, cell manufacturing and delivery protocols have been scaled up to facilitate clinical trials without adequately addressing the impact of these processes on cell utility nor inevitable regulatory requirements for consistency. Growing evidence indicates that culture-aged MSCs, expanded to the limits of replicative exhaustion to generate human doses, are not equivalent to early passage cells, and their use may underpin reportedly underwhelming or inconsistent clinical outcomes. Here, we sought to define the maximum expansion boundaries for human umbilical cord-derived MSCs, cultured in chemically defined xeno- and serum-free media, that yield consistent cell batches comparable to early passage cells. Two male and two female donor populations, recovered from cryostorage at mean population doubling level (mPDL) 10, were serially cultivated until replicative exhaustion (senescence). At each passage, growth kinetics, cell morphology, and transcriptome profiles were analyzed. All MSC populations displayed comparable growth trajectories through passage 9 (P9; mPDL 45) and variably approached senescence after P10 (mPDL 49). Transcription profiles of 14,500 human genes, generated by microarray, revealed a nonlinear evolution of culture-adapted MSCs. Significant expression changes occurred only after P5 (mPDL 27) and accumulated rapidly after P9 (mPDL 45), preceding other cell aging metrics. We report that cryobanked umbilical cord-derived MSCs can be reliably expanded to clinical human doses by P4 (mPDL 23), before significant transcriptome drift, and thus represent a mesenchymal cell source suited for clinical translation of cellular therapies. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:945&958.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Barry N Ford
- Casualty Management Section, DRDC Suffield Research Centre, Medicine Hat, Alberta, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Braid LR, Wood CA, Ford BN. Human umbilical cord perivascular cells: A novel source of the organophosphate antidote butyrylcholinesterase. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 305:66-78. [PMID: 30926319 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Human butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is a well-characterized bioscavenger with significant potential as a prophylactic or post-exposure treatment for organophosphate poisoning. Despite substantial efforts, BChE has proven technically challenging to produce in recombinant systems. Recombinant BChE tends to be insufficiently or incorrectly glycosylated, and consequently exhibits a truncated half-life, compromised activity, or is immunogenic. Thus, expired human plasma remains the only reliable source of the benchmark BChE tetramer, but production is costly and time intensive and presents possible blood-borne disease hazards. Here we report a human BChE production platform that produces functionally active, tetrameric BChE enzyme, without the addition of external factors such as polyproline peptides or chemical or gene modification required by other systems. Human umbilical cord perivascular cells (HUCPVCs) are a rich population of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) derived from Wharton's jelly. We show that HUCPVCs naturally and stably secrete BChE during culture in xeno- and serum-free media, and can be gene-modified to increase BChE output. However, BChE secretion from HUCPVCs is limited by innate feedback mechanisms that can be interrupted by addition of miR 186 oligonucleotide mimics or by competitive inhibition of muscarinic cholinergic signalling receptors by addition of atropine. By contrast, adult bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells neither secrete measurable levels of BChE naturally, nor after gene modification. Further work is required to fully characterize and disable the intrinsic ceiling of HUCPVC-mediated BChE secretion to achieve commercially relevant enzyme output. However, HUCPVCs present a unique opportunity to produce both native and strategically engineered recombinant BChE enzyme in a human platform with the innate capacity to secrete the benchmark human plasma form.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorena R Braid
- Aurora BioSolutions Inc., PO Box 21053, Crescent Heights PO, Medicine Hat, AB, T1A 6N0, Canada.
| | - Catherine A Wood
- Aurora BioSolutions Inc., PO Box 21053, Crescent Heights PO, Medicine Hat, AB, T1A 6N0, Canada
| | - Barry N Ford
- DRDC Suffield Research Centre, Casualty Management Section, Box 4000 Station Main, Medicine Hat, AB, T1A 8K6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lee TM, Harn HJ, Chiou TW, Chuang MH, Chen CH, Chuang CH, Lin PC, Lin SZ. Remote transplantation of human adipose-derived stem cells induces regression of cardiac hypertrophy by regulating the macrophage polarization in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Redox Biol 2019; 27:101170. [PMID: 31164286 PMCID: PMC6859583 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in hypertension has prognostic significance on cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Recently, we have shown that n-butylidenephthalide (BP) improves human adipose-derived stem cell (hADSC) engraftment via attenuated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. This prompted us to investigate whether remote transplantation of BP-pretreated hADSCs confers attenuated LVH at an established phase of hypertension. Male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) aged 12 weeks were randomly allocated to receive right hamstring injection of vehicle, clinical-grade hADSCs, and BP-preconditioned hADSCs for 8 weeks. As compared with untreated SHRs, naïve hADSCs decreased the ratio of LV weight to tibia, cardiomyocyte cell size, and collagen deposition independent of hemodynamic changes. These changes were accompanied by attenuated myocardial ROS production and increased p-STAT3 levels. Compared with naïve hADSCs, BP-preconditioned hADSCs provided a further decrease of ROS and LVH and an increase of local hADSC engraftment, STAT3 phosphorylation, STAT3 activity, STAT3 nuclear translocation, myocardial IL-10 levels, and the percentage of M2 macrophage infiltration. SIN-1 or S3I-201 reversed the effects of BP-preconditioned ADSCs increase on myocardial IL-10 levels. Furthermore, SIN-1 abolished the phosphorylation of STAT3, whereas superoxide levels were not affected following the inhibition of STAT3. Our results highlighted the feasibility of remote transplantation of hADSCs can be considered as an alternative procedure to reverse cardiac hypertrophy even at an established phase of hypertension. BP-pretreated hADSCs polarize macrophages into M2 immunoregulatory cells more efficiently than naïve hADSCs via ROS/STAT3 pathway. Hypertension was associated with left ventricular hypertrophy. Compared with untreated SHRs, naïve hADSCs injected at the right hamstring decreased LV mass and cardiomyocyte cell size. BP-preconditioned ADSCs provided a further increase of the M2 macrophage infiltration. The beneficial effects of BP-preconditioned stem cell administration can be abolished by exogenous SIN-1 or 3SI-201. Remote transplantation of hADSCs can be considered as an alternative procedure to reverse cardiac hypertrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Ming Lee
- Cardiovascular Institute, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Jyh Harn
- Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation, Department of Pathology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Taiwan
| | - Tzyy-Wen Chiou
- Department of Life Science and Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsi Chuang
- Department of Technology Management, Chung Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Po-Cheng Lin
- Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation, Department of Neurosurgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sharma A, Knollmann-Ritschel B. Current Understanding of the Molecular Basis of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus Pathogenesis and Vaccine Development. Viruses 2019; 11:v11020164. [PMID: 30781656 PMCID: PMC6410161 DOI: 10.3390/v11020164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dedication This review is dedicated in the memory of Dr Radha K. Maheshwari, a great mentor and colleague, whose passion for research and student training has left a lasting effect on this manuscript and many other works. Abstract Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) is an alphavirus in the family Togaviridae. VEEV is highly infectious in aerosol form and a known bio-warfare agent that can cause severe encephalitis in humans. Periodic outbreaks of VEEV occur predominantly in Central and South America. Increased interest in VEEV has resulted in a more thorough understanding of the pathogenesis of this disease. Inflammation plays a paradoxical role of antiviral response as well as development of lethal encephalitis through an interplay between the host and viral factors that dictate virus replication. VEEV has efficient replication machinery that adapts to overcome deleterious mutations in the viral genome or improve interactions with host factors. In the last few decades there has been ongoing development of various VEEV vaccine candidates addressing the shortcomings of the current investigational new drugs or approved vaccines. We review the current understanding of the molecular basis of VEEV pathogenesis and discuss various types of vaccine candidates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anuj Sharma
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hamidian Jahromi S, Davies JE. Concise Review: Skeletal Muscle as a Delivery Route for Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 8:456-465. [PMID: 30720934 PMCID: PMC6477141 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.18-0208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have demonstrated extensive capacity to modulate a catabolic microenvironment toward tissue repair. The fate, biodistribution, and dwell time of the in vivo delivered MSCs largely depend on the choice of the cell delivery route. Intramuscular (IM) delivery of MSCs is clinically safe and has been used for the effective treatment of local pathologies. Recent findings have shown that the secretome of the IM‐delivered MSCs enters the circulation and provides systemic effects on distant organs. In addition, muscle tissue provides a safe residence for the delivered MSCs and an extended secretorily active dwell time compared with other delivery routes. There are, however, controversies concerning the fate of MSCs post IM‐delivery and, specifically, into an injured site with proinflammatory cues. This review seeks to provide a brief overview of the fate and efficacy of IM‐delivered MSCs and to identify the gaps that require further assessment for adoption of this promising route in the treatment of systemic disease. stem cells translational medicine2019;8:456–465
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Hamidian Jahromi
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - John E Davies
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hamidian Jahromi S, Estrada C, Li Y, Cheng E, Davies JE. Human Umbilical Cord Perivascular Cells and Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Transplanted Intramuscularly Respond to a Distant Source of Inflammation. Stem Cells Dev 2018; 27:415-429. [PMID: 29402203 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2017.0248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Intravenously administered mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are rapidly entrapped in the lungs, where they display an anti-inflammatory phenotype. Intramuscular (IM) delivery provides an increased MSC dwell-time, which could result in a sustained modulation of an inflammatory milieu. We studied the therapeutic effects of IM delivered MSCs to treat a distant (contralateral) inflammation, and compared the efficacy of neonatal (umbilical cord) and adult bone marrow MSCs (BMMSCs). Inflammation decreased over 48 h, but neonatal cells showed an earlier response than BMMSCs. Tumor necrosis factor-induced gene-6 (TSG-6) was released at the site of MSC delivery, while neutrophil infiltration was abrogated and inflammation reduced at the contralateral site. MSCs did not distribute to the organs or to the site of inflammation. Thus, IM delivery presents a promising alternative for the treatment of inflammation, and neonatal MSCs may represent a stronger candidate than those derived from adult BM to treat inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Hamidian Jahromi
- 1 Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (IBBME), University of Toronto , Toronto, Canada .,2 Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto , Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Yunqing Li
- 3 Tissue Regeneration Therapeutics, Inc. , Toronto, Canada
| | - Elaine Cheng
- 3 Tissue Regeneration Therapeutics, Inc. , Toronto, Canada
| | - John E Davies
- 1 Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (IBBME), University of Toronto , Toronto, Canada .,2 Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto , Toronto, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Braid LR, Wood CA, Wiese DM, Ford BN. Intramuscular administration potentiates extended dwell time of mesenchymal stromal cells compared to other routes. Cytotherapy 2017; 20:232-244. [PMID: 29167063 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) offer great potential for diverse clinical applications. However, conventional systemic infusion of MSCs limits their therapeutic benefit, since intravenously (IV) infused cells become entrapped in the lungs where their dwell time is short. METHODS To explore possible alternatives to IV infusion, we used in vivo optical imaging to track the bio-distribution and survival of 1 million bioluminescent MSCs administered IV, intraperitoneally (IP), subcutaneously (SC) and intramuscularly (IM) in healthy athymic mice. RESULTS IV-infused MSCs were undetectable within days of administration, whereas MSCs implanted IP or SC were only detected for 3 to 4 weeks. In contrast, MSCs sourced from human umbilical cord matrix or bone marrow survived more than 5 months in situ when administered IM. Long-term survival was optimally achieved using low passage cells delivered IM. However, MSCs could undergo approximately 30 doublings before their dwell time was compromised. Cryo-preserved MSCs administered IM promptly after thaw were predominantly cleared after 3 days, whereas equivalent cells cultured overnight prior to implantation survived more than 3 months. DISCUSSION The IM route supports prolonged cell survival of both neo-natal and adult-derived MSCs, although short-term MSC survival was comparable between all tested routes up to day 3. IM implantation presents a useful alternative to achieve clinical benefits from prolonged MSC dwell time at a homeostatic implant site and is a minimally invasive delivery route suitable for many applications. However, optimized thaw protocols that restore full biological potential of cryo-preserved MSC therapies prior to implantation must be developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorena R Braid
- Aurora BioSolutions Inc., Medicine Hat, Alberta, Canada.
| | | | | | - Barry N Ford
- DRDC Suffield Research Centre, Casualty Management Section, Medicine Hat, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bian P, Ye C, Zheng X, Yang J, Ye W, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Ma H, Han P, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Zhang F, Lei Y, Jia Z. Mesenchymal stem cells alleviate Japanese encephalitis virus-induced neuroinflammation and mortality. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:38. [PMID: 28209182 PMCID: PMC5314473 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0486-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is the leading cause of viral encephalitis in Asia. Japanese encephalitis (JE) caused by JEV is characterized by extensive inflammatory cytokine secretion, microglia activation, blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown, and neuronal death, all of which contribute to the vicious cycle of inflammatory damage. There are currently no effective treatments for JE. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been demonstrated to have a therapeutic effect on many central nervous system (CNS) diseases by regulating inflammation and other mechanisms. Methods In vivo, 8- to 10-week-old mice were infected intraperitoneally with JEV and syngeneic bone marrow MSCs were administered through the caudal vein at 1 and 3 days post-infection. The mortality, body weight, and behavior were monitored daily. Brains from each group were harvested at the indicated times for hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemical observation, flow cytometric analysis, TUNEL staining, Western blot, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and BBB permeability assays. In vitro, co-culture and mixed culture experiments of MSCs with either microglia or neurons were performed, and then the activation state of microglia and survival rate of neurons were tested 48 h post-infection. Results MSC treatment reduced JEV-induced mortality and improved the recovery from JE in our mouse model. The inflammatory response, microglia activation, neuronal damage, BBB destruction, and viral load (VL) were significantly decreased in the MSC-treated group. In co-culture experiments, MSCs reprogrammed M1-to-M2 switching in microglia and improved neuron survival. Additionally, the VL was decreased in Neuro2a cells in the presence of MSCs accompanied by increased expression of interferon-α/β. Conclusion MSC treatment alleviated JEV-induced inflammation and mortality in mice. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-017-0486-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peiyu Bian
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Chuantao Ye
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Xuyang Zheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Wei Ye
- Department of Microbiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Hongwei Ma
- Department of Microbiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Peijun Han
- Department of Microbiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Hai Zhang
- Laboratory Animal Center, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Fanglin Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yingfeng Lei
- Department of Microbiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Zhansheng Jia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China.
| |
Collapse
|