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Jiang Y, Luo X, Zheng Z, Wen S, Gao H, Xu C, Jiang M, Wang S. Identification of novel RANKL inhibitors through in silico analysis. Bioorg Chem 2024; 153:107826. [PMID: 39299177 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2024] [Revised: 09/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) is considered the principal regulator of osteoclast differentiation. Therefore, strategies interfering with the RANKL-RANK signaling pathway may effectively inhibit osteoclast differentiation and mitigate bone resorption. Consequently, RANKL has become a promising target for new drug design strategies. Despite extensive research on specific drugs and antibodies, only a few have shown efficacy in treating osteoporosis. To address this challenge, we aimed to explore new approaches for designing drugs for osteoporosis. In this study, a 3D quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) pharmacophore model was built for RANKL with reference to known inhibitor IC50 values. The optimal pharmacophore model was then employed as a 3D query to screen databases for novel lead compounds. The obtained compounds were subjected to ADMET and TOPKAT analyses to predict drug pharmacokinetics and toxicity. Molecular docking and de novo evolution approaches were applied to verify the docking binding affinities of the compounds. Five candidate compounds were subjected to further in vitro analyses to assess their anti-osteoporotic effects, among which compound 4 demonstrated significant inhibitory activity, achieving an inhibitory rate of 92.6 % on osteoclastogenesis at a concentration of 10 μM. Subsequent molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to assess the stability and behavior of compound 4 and its evolved variant, ZINC00059014397_Evo, within the RANKL binding site revealed that the variant is a potential therapeutic agent for targeting osteoclasts. This study offers valuable insights for developing next generation RANKL inhibitors for osteoporosis treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Xiaogang Luo
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - Zhanpeng Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - Shun Wen
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - Hongwei Gao
- China School of Life Science, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong 264025, China
| | - Cheng Xu
- Institute of Microalgae Synthetic Biology and Green Manufacturing, School of Life Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430056, China.
| | - Min Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Siyuan Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China.
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Chang X, Deng J, Zhou F, Geng Z, Li X, Wang S. D-alanine suppressed osteoclastogenesis derived from bone marrow macrophages and downregulated ERK/p38 signalling pathways. Arch Oral Biol 2024; 161:105912. [PMID: 38382164 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.105912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES D-alanine is a residue of the backbone structure of Type Ⅰ Lipoteichoic acid (LTA), which is a virulence factor in inflammation caused by gram-positive bacteria. However, the role of D-alanine in infectious bone destruction has not been investigated. We aimed to explore the role of D-alanine in the proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation of osteoclasts. DESIGN Mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) were isolated as osteoclast precursors and stimulated with D-alanine. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were detected using CCK-8 and flow cytometry, respectively. The formation of osteoclasts morphologically observed by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining (TRAP) and immunofluorescence staining. The expressions of osteoclastogenic genes were measured by real-time RT-PCR. The protein expressions of osteoclastogenic markers, p38, and ERK1/2 MAPK signalling were measured by western blot. The expression level of soluble Sema4D was detected via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS The cell proliferation of BMMs was significantly inhibited by D-alanine in a dose-dependent manner. Apoptosis of BMMs was markedly activated with the stimulation of D-alanine. The differentiation of BMMs into osteoclasts was significantly inhibited by D-alanine, and the gene and protein expressions of NFATc1, c-Fos, and Blimp decreased. Western blot showed that D-alanine inhibited the phosphorylated p38 and ERK1/2 signalling pathways of BMMs. Moreover, the expression level of soluble Sema4D significantly decreased in the supernatant of BMMs due to the D-alanine intervention. CONCLUSION D-alanine plays a pivotal role in the inhibition of RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis and might become a potential therapeutic drug for bone-resorptive diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochi Chang
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China; Department of Stomatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Deng
- Department of Stomatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; School of Stomatology of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fengyi Zhou
- School of Stomatology of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; Department of Stomatology, No.971 Hospital of the PLA Navy, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhihao Geng
- Department of Stomatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen, China; Institute of Stomatological Research, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Stomatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; School of Stomatology of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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3
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Ng E, Tay JRH, Mattheos N, Bostanci N, Belibasakis GN, Seneviratne CJ. A Mapping Review of the Pathogenesis of Peri-Implantitis: The Biofilm-Mediated Inflammation and Bone Dysregulation (BIND) Hypothesis. Cells 2024; 13:315. [PMID: 38391928 PMCID: PMC10886485 DOI: 10.3390/cells13040315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This mapping review highlights the need for a new paradigm in the understanding of peri-implantitis pathogenesis. The biofilm-mediated inflammation and bone dysregulation (BIND) hypothesis is proposed, focusing on the relationship between biofilm, inflammation, and bone biology. The close interactions between immune and bone cells are discussed, with multiple stable states likely existing between clinically observable definitions of peri-implant health and peri-implantitis. The framework presented aims to explain the transition from health to disease as a staged and incremental process, where multiple factors contribute to distinct steps towards a tipping point where disease is manifested clinically. These steps might be reached in different ways in different patients and may constitute highly individualised paths. Notably, factors affecting the underlying biology are identified in the pathogenesis of peri-implantitis, highlighting that disruptions to the host-microbe homeostasis at the implant-mucosa interface may not be the sole factor. An improved understanding of disease pathogenesis will allow for intervention on multiple levels and a personalised treatment approach. Further research areas are identified, such as the use of novel biomarkers to detect changes in macrophage polarisation and activation status, and bone turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan Ng
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore 168938, Singapore;
| | - John Rong Hao Tay
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore 168938, Singapore;
| | - Nikos Mattheos
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Division of Oral Health and Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 14152 Stockholm, Sweden; (N.B.); (G.N.B.)
| | - Nagihan Bostanci
- Division of Oral Health and Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 14152 Stockholm, Sweden; (N.B.); (G.N.B.)
| | - Georgios N. Belibasakis
- Division of Oral Health and Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 14152 Stockholm, Sweden; (N.B.); (G.N.B.)
| | - Chaminda Jayampath Seneviratne
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
- School of Dentistry, Center for Oral-Facial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- National Dental Research Institute Singapore, National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore 168938, Singapore
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4
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Leone GE, Shields DC, Haque A, Banik NL. Rehabilitation: Neurogenic Bone Loss after Spinal Cord Injury. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2581. [PMID: 37761022 PMCID: PMC10526516 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common skeletal disorder which can severely limit one's ability to complete daily tasks due to the increased risk of bone fractures, reducing quality of life. Spinal cord injury (SCI) can also result in osteoporosis and sarcopenia. Most individuals experience sarcopenia and osteoporosis due to advancing age; however, individuals with SCI experience more rapid and debilitating levels of muscle and bone loss due to neurogenic factors, musculoskeletal disuse, and cellular/molecular events. Thus, preserving and maintaining bone mass after SCI is crucial to decreasing the risk of fragility and fracture in vulnerable SCI populations. Recent studies have provided an improved understanding of the pathophysiology and risk factors related to musculoskeletal loss after SCI. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies have also provided for the reduction in or elimination of neurogenic bone loss after SCI. This review article will discuss the pathophysiology and risk factors of muscle and bone loss after SCI, including the mechanisms that may lead to muscle and bone loss after SCI. This review will also focus on current and future pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies for reducing or eliminating neurogenic bone loss following SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna E. Leone
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA;
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA;
| | - Donald C. Shields
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA;
| | - Azizul Haque
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA;
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA;
- Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29401, USA
| | - Narendra L. Banik
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA;
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA;
- Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29401, USA
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5
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Lee SJ, Jang SA, Kim SC, Gu DR, Yang H, Ryuk JA, Ha H. Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Siebold Prevents Osteoclast Differentiation and Osteoporosis. Nutrients 2023; 15:3996. [PMID: 37764779 PMCID: PMC10535286 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Siebold, a traditional medicinal plant, has been used in China and several other Asian countries to address a variety of health concerns. The extensive research conducted on E. alatus is driven by its diverse pharmacological applications. However, its biological effects on osteoclastogenesis and osteoporosis have not been previously studied. In this research, we investigated the impact of an ethanolic extract of E. alatus (EEEA) on osteoclast differentiation and function as well as estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss. We found that EEEA inhibits osteoclast differentiation by downregulating the expression of the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) in osteoclast-supporting cells and by directly impeding RANKL-mediated signaling pathways for osteoclastogenesis in precursor cells. In addition, EEEA inhibited the bone-resorptive function of mature osteoclasts in vitro. Furthermore, oral administration of EEEA significantly alleviated bone loss in an ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis mouse model. Additionally, we identified phytochemicals in EEEA that have suppressive effects on osteoclast differentiation and bone loss. Collectively, these results suggest that EEEA holds potential as a biotherapeutic candidate for anti-postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Ju Lee
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.L.); (S.C.K.); (D.R.G.); (H.Y.); (J.A.R.)
| | - Seon-A Jang
- Future Technology Research Center, KT&G Corporation, 30, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34128, Republic of Korea;
| | - Seong Cheol Kim
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.L.); (S.C.K.); (D.R.G.); (H.Y.); (J.A.R.)
| | - Dong Ryun Gu
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.L.); (S.C.K.); (D.R.G.); (H.Y.); (J.A.R.)
| | - Hyun Yang
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.L.); (S.C.K.); (D.R.G.); (H.Y.); (J.A.R.)
| | - Jin Ah Ryuk
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.L.); (S.C.K.); (D.R.G.); (H.Y.); (J.A.R.)
| | - Hyunil Ha
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.L.); (S.C.K.); (D.R.G.); (H.Y.); (J.A.R.)
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6
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Xu X, Zhao L, Terry PD, Chen J. Reciprocal Effect of Environmental Stimuli to Regulate the Adipogenesis and Osteogenesis Fate Decision in Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BM-MSCs). Cells 2023; 12:1400. [PMID: 37408234 PMCID: PMC10216952 DOI: 10.3390/cells12101400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into adipocytes and osteoblasts. Various external stimuli, including environmental contaminants, heavy metals, dietary, and physical factors, are shown to influence the fate decision of BM-MSCs toward adipogenesis or osteogenesis. The balance of osteogenesis and adipogenesis is critical for the maintenance of bone homeostasis, and the interruption of BM-MSCs lineage commitment is associated with human health issues, such as fracture, osteoporosis, osteopenia, and osteonecrosis. This review focuses on how external stimuli shift the fate of BM-MSCs towards adipogenesis or osteogenesis. Future studies are needed to understand the impact of these external stimuli on bone health and elucidate the underlying mechanisms of BM-MSCs differentiation. This knowledge will inform efforts to prevent bone-related diseases and develop therapeutic approaches to treat bone disorders associated with various pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyun Xu
- Department of Nutrition, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Ling Zhao
- Department of Nutrition, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Paul D. Terry
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37920, USA;
| | - Jiangang Chen
- Department of Public Health, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
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7
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Wang C, Liu C, Liang C, Qu X, Zou X, Du S, Zhang Q, Wang L. Role of Berberine Thermosensitive Hydrogel in Periodontitis via PI3K/AKT Pathway In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:6364. [PMID: 37047340 PMCID: PMC10094121 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a long-term inflammatory illness and a leading contributor to tooth loss in humans. Due to the influence of the anatomic parameters of teeth, such as root bifurcation lesions and the depth of the periodontal pocket, basic periodontal treatment on its own often does not completely obliterate flora microorganisms. As a consequence, topical medication has become a significant supplement in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. Berberine (BBR) has various pharmacological effects, such as hypoglycemic, antitumor, antiarrhythmic, anti-inflammatory, etc. The target of our project is to develop a safe and non-toxic carrier that can effectively release berberine, which can significantly reduce periodontal tissue inflammation, and to investigate whether berberine thermosensitive hydrogel can exert anti-inflammatory and osteogenic effects by modulating phosphatifylinositol-3-kinase/Protein Kinase B (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathway. Consequently, firstly berberine temperature-sensitive hydrogel was prepared, and its characterizations showed that the mixed solution gelated within 3 min under 37 °C with a hole diameter of 10-130 µm, and the accumulation of berberine release amounted to 89.99% at 21 days. CCK-8 and live-dead cell staining results indicated that this hydrogel was not biotoxic, and it is also presumed that the optimum concentration of berberine is 5 µM, which was selected for subsequent experiments. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting (WB)results demonstrated that inflammatory factors, as well as protein levels, were significantly reduced in the berberine-loaded hydrogel group, and LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor) could enhance this effect (p < 0.05). In the berberine-loaded hydrogel group, osteogenesis-related factor levels and protein profiles were visibly increased, along with an increase in alkaline phosphatase expression, which was inhibited by LY294002 (p < 0.05). Therefore, berberine thermosensitive hydrogel may be an effective treatment for periodontitis, and it may exert anti-inflammatory and osteogenic effects through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Wang
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Tsinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Changchun 130021, China; (C.W.)
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Chen Liang
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Tsinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Changchun 130021, China; (C.W.)
| | - Xingyuan Qu
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Tsinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Changchun 130021, China; (C.W.)
| | - Xinying Zou
- Department of Endodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Siyu Du
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Tsinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Changchun 130021, China; (C.W.)
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Tsinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Changchun 130021, China; (C.W.)
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Tsinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Changchun 130021, China; (C.W.)
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8
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Marcucci G, Domazetovic V, Nediani C, Ruzzolini J, Favre C, Brandi ML. Oxidative Stress and Natural Antioxidants in Osteoporosis: Novel Preventive and Therapeutic Approaches. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020373. [PMID: 36829932 PMCID: PMC9952369 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This review reports in detail the cellular and molecular mechanisms which regulate the bone remodeling process in relation to oxidative stress (OS), inflammatory factors, and estrogen deficiency. OS is considered an important pathogenic factor of osteoporosis, inducing osteocyte apoptosis and varying levels of specific factors, such as receptor activator κB ligand (RANKL), sclerostin, and, according to recent evidence, fibroblast growth factor 23, with consequent impairment of bone remodeling and high bone resorption. Bone loss increases the risk of fragility fractures, and the most commonly used treatments are antiresorptive drugs, followed by anabolic drugs or those with a double effect. In addition, recent data show that natural antioxidants contained in the diet are efficient in preventing and reducing the negative effects of OS on bone remodeling and osteocytes through the involvement of sirtuin type 1 enzyme. Indeed, osteocytes and some of their molecular factors are considered potential biological targets on which antioxidants can act to prevent and reduce bone loss, as well as to promote bone anabolic and regenerative processes by restoring physiological bone remodeling. Several data suggest including antioxidants in novel therapeutic approaches to develop better management strategies for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis and OS-related bone diseases. In particular, anthocyanins, as well as resveratrol, lycopene, oleuropein, some vitamins, and thiol antioxidants, could have protective and therapeutic anti-osteoporotic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Marcucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Vladana Domazetovic
- Department of Paediatric Haematology-Oncology, Meyer Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Nediani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Jessica Ruzzolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Claudio Favre
- Department of Paediatric Haematology-Oncology, Meyer Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 50139 Florence, Italy
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Wang B, Feng C, Liu Y, Mi F, Dong J. Recent advances in biofunctional guided bone regeneration materials for repairing defective alveolar and maxillofacial bone: A review. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2022; 58:233-248. [PMID: 36065207 PMCID: PMC9440077 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The anatomy of the oral and maxillofacial sites is complex, and bone defects caused by trauma, tumors, and inflammation in these zones are extremely difficult to repair. Among the most effective and reliable methods to attain osteogenesis, the guided bone regeneration (GBR) technique is extensively applied in defective oral and maxillofacial GBR. Furthermore, endowing biofunctions is crucial for GBR materials applied in repairing defective alveolar and maxillofacial bones. In this review, recent advances in designing and fabricating GBR materials applied in oral and maxillofacial sites are classified and discussed according to their biofunctions, including maintaining space for bone growth; facilitating the adhesion, migration, and proliferation of osteoblasts; facilitating the migration and differentiation of progenitor cells; promoting vascularization; providing immunoregulation to induce osteogenesis; suppressing infection; and effectively mimicking natural tissues using graded biomimetic materials. In addition, new processing strategies (e.g., 3D printing) and new design concepts (e.g., developing bone mimetic extracellular matrix niches and preparing scaffolds to suppress connective tissue to actively acquire space for bone regeneration), are particularly worthy of further study. In the future, GBR materials with richer biological functions are expected to be developed based on an in-depth understanding of the mechanism of bone-GBR-material interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Corresponding author at: Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.
| | - Chengmin Feng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Yiming Liu
- Department of Stomatology, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Fanglin Mi
- Department of Stomatology, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Corresponding author at: Department of Stomatology, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.
| | - Jun Dong
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Corresponding author.
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Health Effects of Peptides Extracted from Deer Antler. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194183. [PMID: 36235835 PMCID: PMC9572057 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Deer antler is widely used as a nutraceutical in Asian countries. In the past decades, deer antler peptides (DAPs) have received considerable attention because of their various biological properties such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-bone damage, anti-neurological disease, anti-tumor and immunomodulatory properties. This review describes the production methods of DAPs and the recent progress of research on DAPs, focusing on the physiological functions and their regulatory mechanisms.
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Targeting of Mevalonate-Isoprenoid Pathway in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells by Bisphosphonate Drugs. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051146. [PMID: 35625883 PMCID: PMC9138592 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming represents a hallmark of tumorigenesis to sustain survival in harsh conditions, rapid growth and metastasis in order to resist to cancer therapies. These metabolic alterations involve glucose metabolism, known as the Warburg effect, increased glutaminolysis and enhanced amino acid and lipid metabolism, especially the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway known as the mevalonate pathway and these are upregulated in several cancer types, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In particular, it was demonstrated that the mevalonate pathway has a pivotal role in cellular transformation. Therefore, targeting this biochemical process with drugs such as statins represents a promising therapeutic strategy to be combined with other anticancer treatments. In the last decade, several studies have revealed that amino-bisphosphonates (BP), primarily used for bone fragility disorders, also exhibit potential anti-cancer activity in leukemic cells, as well as in patients with symptomatic multiple myeloma. Indeed, these compounds inhibit the farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase, a key enzyme in the mevalonate pathway, reducing isoprenoid formation of farnesyl pyrophosphate and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate. This, in turn, inhibits the prenylation of small Guanosine Triphosphate-binding proteins, such as Ras, Rho, Rac, Rab, which are essential for regulating cell survival membrane ruffling and trafficking, interfering with cancer key signaling events involved in clonal expansion and maturation block of progenitor cells in myeloid hematological malignancies. Thus, in this review, we discuss the recent advancements about bisphosphonates’ effects, especially zoledronate, analyzing the biochemical mechanisms and anti-tumor effects on AML model systems. Future studies will be oriented to investigate the clinical relevance and significance of BP treatment in AML, representing an attractive therapeutic strategy that could be integrated into chemotherapy.
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Wang K, Kong X, Du M, Yu W, Wang Z, Xu B, Yang J, Xu J, Liu Z, Cheng Y, Gan J. Novel Soy Peptide CBP: Stimulation of Osteoblast Differentiation via TβRI-p38-MAPK-Depending RUNX2 Activation. Nutrients 2022; 14:1940. [PMID: 35565907 PMCID: PMC9105634 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
DEDEQIPSHPPR, the calcium-binding peptide (CBP) identified in soy yogurt, was proven to be a potential cofactor in osteoporosis prevention in our previous study, but the mechanism was unknown. In this study, the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OCN), the regulation of RUNX2, and the expression of TβRI were investigated to elucidate the underlying mechanism. The results show that CBP upregulated ALP activity and OCN concentration and increased the expression of RUNX2 and the activation of the MAPK signaling pathway. Similarly, the expression of osteogenesis-related genes in osteoblasts also increased upon CBP treatment. Moreover, the CBP-induced enhancement of ALP activity and phosphorylation levels in the p38 pathway was inhibited by treatment with a p38 inhibitor (SB203538) and TβRI inhibitor (SB431542), respectively, suggesting that p38 and TβRI were involved in the osteogenic action. Based on the signaling pathways, the intracellular calcium concentration was significantly elevated by CBP, which was correlated with the increased behavioral functions and the relative fluorescence intensity of the bone mass. These findings suggest that CBP stimulates osteoblast differentiation and bone mineralization through the activation of RUNX2 via mechanisms related to the TβRI-p38-MAPK signaling pathways, further highlighting CBP's important potential for treating osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuaitian Wang
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai 264000, China; (K.W.); (X.K.); (M.D.); (W.Y.); (Z.W.); (B.X.); (J.Y.); (J.X.); (Z.L.)
| | - Xiao Kong
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai 264000, China; (K.W.); (X.K.); (M.D.); (W.Y.); (Z.W.); (B.X.); (J.Y.); (J.X.); (Z.L.)
| | - Mengdi Du
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai 264000, China; (K.W.); (X.K.); (M.D.); (W.Y.); (Z.W.); (B.X.); (J.Y.); (J.X.); (Z.L.)
| | - Wei Yu
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai 264000, China; (K.W.); (X.K.); (M.D.); (W.Y.); (Z.W.); (B.X.); (J.Y.); (J.X.); (Z.L.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhenhua Wang
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai 264000, China; (K.W.); (X.K.); (M.D.); (W.Y.); (Z.W.); (B.X.); (J.Y.); (J.X.); (Z.L.)
| | - Bo Xu
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai 264000, China; (K.W.); (X.K.); (M.D.); (W.Y.); (Z.W.); (B.X.); (J.Y.); (J.X.); (Z.L.)
| | - Jianrong Yang
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai 264000, China; (K.W.); (X.K.); (M.D.); (W.Y.); (Z.W.); (B.X.); (J.Y.); (J.X.); (Z.L.)
| | - Jingru Xu
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai 264000, China; (K.W.); (X.K.); (M.D.); (W.Y.); (Z.W.); (B.X.); (J.Y.); (J.X.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zhili Liu
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai 264000, China; (K.W.); (X.K.); (M.D.); (W.Y.); (Z.W.); (B.X.); (J.Y.); (J.X.); (Z.L.)
| | - Yongqiang Cheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jing Gan
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai 264000, China; (K.W.); (X.K.); (M.D.); (W.Y.); (Z.W.); (B.X.); (J.Y.); (J.X.); (Z.L.)
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Xu W, Li Y, Feng R, He P, Zhang Y. γ-Tocotrienol induced the proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells through the stimulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Food Funct 2022; 13:398-410. [PMID: 34908071 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02583j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
γ-Tocotrienol (γ-T3), an isoprenoid phytochemical, has shown the promotion of osteoblast proliferation and differentiation in our previous study. In this study, its underlying mechanism was investigated through regulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in MC3T3-E1 cells. Comparative experiment results showed that γ-T3, not α-tocopherol (α-TOC) increased more significantly the viability and differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells. After that, the cells were incubated with 10 mM LiCl, or 4 μM γ-T3 with or without 1 μM XAV-939. γ-T3 at 4 μM stimulated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by increasing the expression and nuclear accumulation of β-catenin, and the expressions of their downstream factors, such as cyclin-D1, c-Myc, BMP2 and BMP-4 in MC3T3-E1 cells. γ-T3 not only upregulated the viability, induced G0/G1 to the S phase, and promoted the expressions of PCNA (Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen) and Ki-67, but also increased ALP activity and the expressions of ON, OPN and OCN. Moreover, the effects of γ-T3 on the MC3T3-E1 cells resembled the actions of LiCl, an activator of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Notably, all these effects of γ-T3 on the MC3T3-E1 cells were completely blocked by the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway inhibitor XAV-939. Our data demonstrated that γ-T3 can target β-catenin to enhance the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which led to increased expressions of the downstream cell proliferation and cell cycle-associated (cyclin D1 and c-myc), and cell differentiation-associated (BMP-2 and BMP-4) target genes, and ultimately promoted MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation and differentiation. Therefore, γ-T3 may be a potential agent to prevent and reverse osteoporosis due to its safety and powerful abilities of osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Xu
- Innovation Research Center for Special Food-Medicine and Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 Xidazhi Street, Nangang District, Harbin, China.
| | - Yutong Li
- Innovation Research Center for Special Food-Medicine and Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 Xidazhi Street, Nangang District, Harbin, China.
| | - Rennan Feng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, China
| | - Pan He
- Innovation Research Center for Special Food-Medicine and Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 Xidazhi Street, Nangang District, Harbin, China.
| | - Yuqi Zhang
- Innovation Research Center for Special Food-Medicine and Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 Xidazhi Street, Nangang District, Harbin, China.
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14
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Cheon YH, Lee CH, Kim S, Park GD, Kwak SC, Cho HJ, Kim JY, Lee MS. Pitavastatin prevents ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis by regulating osteoclastic resorption and osteoblastic formation. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111697. [PMID: 34243614 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive osteoclast activity, along with relatively weak osteoblast function, is strongly associated with bone disease. Therefore, studies to identify novel anti-osteoporosis candidates with dual actions of inhibiting osteoclastogenesis and increasing osteoblastogenesis may provide an ideal approach for treating osteoporosis. Pitavastatin, an inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3 methyl-glutaryl coenzyme A reductase, has demonstrated various pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammation, bone anabolic effects, vasodilation, and inhibition of revascularization; however, the precise effects and mechanisms of pitavastatin on the regulation of osteoblast and osteoclast activity need to be comprehensively elucidated. Herein, we demonstrated that pitavastatin is a potential candidate for treating osteoporosis by enhancing osteoblast differentiation and bone growth and inhibiting osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. Pitavastatin exerted dose-dependent inhibitory effects on receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand-induced osteoclast formation, bone resorption, and osteoclast-specific marker gene expression. These inhibitory effects were achieved by inhibiting the Akt, NF-κB, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38, ERK, and JNK) signaling pathways, resulting in the downregulation of major transcription factors c-Fos and NFATc1. Furthermore, pitavastatin potentially stimulated osteoblast differentiation by activating alkaline phosphatase (ALP), enhancing mineralization by Alizarin Red S, and increasing the expression of osteoblastogenic marker genes such as runt-related transcription factor 2, ALP, osteocalcin, and collagen type 1 alpha. Furthermore, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of pitavastatin in ovariectomy-induced systematic bone loss based on micro-computed tomography and histological analysis of femurs. Our findings demonstrated a new function and mechanism for pitavastatin in bone remodeling, indicating its potential as a therapeutic candidate in treating osteoporosis by inhibiting osteoclastic resorption and promoting osteoblastic formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Hee Cheon
- Musculoskeletal and Immune Disease Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hoon Lee
- Musculoskeletal and Immune Disease Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University Hospital, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Soojin Kim
- Musculoskeletal and Immune Disease Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeong Do Park
- Musculoskeletal and Immune Disease Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Chul Kwak
- Musculoskeletal and Immune Disease Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea; Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Joong Cho
- Musculoskeletal and Immune Disease Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Young Kim
- Musculoskeletal and Immune Disease Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea.
| | - Myeung Su Lee
- Musculoskeletal and Immune Disease Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University Hospital, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Hong G, Chen Z, Han X, Zhou L, Pang F, Wu R, Shen Y, He X, Hong Z, Li Z, He W, Wei Q. A novel RANKL-targeted flavonoid glycoside prevents osteoporosis through inhibiting NFATc1 and reactive oxygen species. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e392. [PMID: 34047464 PMCID: PMC8140192 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Osteoporosis is characterized by excessive bone resorption due to enhanced osteoclast activation. Stimulation of nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (NFATc1) and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important mechanisms underlying osteoclastogenesis. Robinin (Rob) is a flavonoid glycoside that has shown anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects in previous studies, but little is known about its effects on bone homeostasis. The purpose of our research was to investigate whether Rob could prevent bone resorption in ovariectomized (OVX) mice by suppressing osteoclast production through its underlying mechanisms. METHODS The docking pose of Rob and RANKL was identified by protein-ligand molecular docking. Rob was added to bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) stimulated by nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL). The effects of Rob on osteoclastic activity were evaluated by positive tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAcP) staining kit and hydroxyapatite resorption assay. RANKL-induced ROS generation in osteoclasts was detected by H2 DCFDA and MitoSox Red staining. The classic molecular cascades triggered by RANKL, such as NF-κB, ROS, calcium oscillations, and NFATc1-mediated signaling pathways, were investigated using Fluo4 staining, western blot, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. In addition, an OVX mouse model mimicking estrogen-deficient osteoporosis was created to evaluate the therapeutic effects of Rob in vivo. RESULTS Computational docking results showed that Rob could bind specifically to RANKL's predicted binding sites. In vitro, Rob inhibited RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis dose-dependently without obvious cytotoxicity at low concentrations. We also found that Rob attenuated RANKL-induced mitochondrial ROS production or enhanced activities of ROS-scavenging enzymes, and ultimately reduced intracellular ROS levels. Rob abrogated the RANKL-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and NF-κB signaling pathways, and subsequently blocked NFATc1 signaling and TRAcP expression. In addition, Rob inhibited osteoclast proliferation by downregulating the expression of osteoclast target genes (Acp5, Cathepsin K, Atp6v0d2, Nfact1, c-Fos, and Mmp9) and reducing Ca2+ oscillations. Our in vivo results showed that Rob reduced bone resorption in OVX animal model by repressing osteoclast activity and function. CONCLUSIONS Rob inhibits the activation of osteoclasts by targeting RANKL and is therefore a potential osteoporosis drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoju Hong
- Division of Orthopaedic SurgeryThe University of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
- Traumatology and Orthopedics InstituteGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
| | - Zhenqiu Chen
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
| | - Xiaorui Han
- Division of Bioengineering, School of MedicineSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Endocrinologythe Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
| | - Fengxiang Pang
- Traumatology and Orthopedics InstituteGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
| | - Rishana Wu
- Traumatology and Orthopedics InstituteGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
| | - Yingshan Shen
- Traumatology and Orthopedics InstituteGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
| | - Xiaoming He
- Traumatology and Orthopedics InstituteGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
| | - Zhinan Hong
- Traumatology and Orthopedics InstituteGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
| | - Ziqi Li
- Traumatology and Orthopedics InstituteGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
| | - Wei He
- Traumatology and Orthopedics InstituteGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
| | - Qiushi Wei
- Traumatology and Orthopedics InstituteGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
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16
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Paulino Silva KM, de Sousa FL, Alves ACB, Rocha PA, da Costa HNAF, Ferreira WR, Reis TS, de Oliveira TKB, Cabral Batista SR, Lapa Neto CJC, Oliveira AG, de Lemos Jordão AJJM. Chondroprotective effect of melatonin and strontium ranelate in animal model of osteoarthritis. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06760. [PMID: 33912721 PMCID: PMC8066349 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze the action of strontium ranelate (SR) and melatonin in isolation or in association in knees, liver and kidneys of rats Wistar with induced osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS Thirty male rats were induced to OA through an anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT), and treated with melatonin and SR in isolation or in association. Morphological, histopathological, histochemical and morphometric analysis were realized of the structure of the articular capsule, as well as histopathological analysis of liver and kidneys from the animals. RESULTS The experimental model was successful. The association of the drugs presented chondroprotective pharmacodynamics. However, more successful results were identified from analysis of animals in which received melatonin in isolation, regarding biochemical parameters of glutamic oxalacetic transaminase. The prepared slide samples of liver and kidneys from groups submitted to the isolated use of SR and melatonin or the association of these drugs presented no differences, when compared to the control group. DISCUSSION The administration of the drugs presented chondroprotective effect and prevented from the aggravation of articulate damages, and was not capable of modifying the histology of liver or kidneys. This finding suggests a safe association for the treatment of OA, however it requires further investigation in order to expand therapeutic perspectives regarding improvements of the quality of life of individuals in our society.
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17
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Sun JB, Wang Z, An WJ. Protection of Icariin Against Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced MC3T3-E1 Cell Oxidative Damage. Orthop Surg 2021; 13:632-640. [PMID: 33619876 PMCID: PMC7957425 DOI: 10.1111/os.12891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential protective mechanism of icariin against oxidative damage caused by hydrogen peroxide in MC3T3‐E1 cells. Methods MC3T3‐E1 cells were treated with different concentrations of icariin to explore the optimal dose of icariin. MC3T3‐E1 cells were divided into groups treated with various concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2; 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, and 2 mM) for 24 h to induce oxidative damage and cell viability was assessed by Cell Counting Kit‐8 (CCK‐8) assay. Then, cells were divided into five groups: control, H2O2 (0.2 mM), icariin (0.1 μM) and H2O2 (0.2 mM), + icariin (0.1 μM). Cell viability was detected by CCK‐8 assay. In addition, the content of glutathione and superoxide dismutase and the activity level of malondialdehyde in these treatment groups were determined. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alizarin red S (ARS) staining were also performed to measure the early and late osteogenesis, respectively. Protein expression of β‐catenin and cyclin D1 was measured by western blot assay. Then, we used an antagonist of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway (DKK‐1) and western blot analysis to further explore potential mechanism. Results After 24 h of exposure to 0.2 mM H2O2, the viability of MC3T3‐E1 cells was significantly decreased compared to that of the control cells. We first found that icariin can promote cell proliferation of MC3T3‐E1 cells in a dose‐dependent manner, with the dosage 0.1 μM showing the best pro‐proliferative effect. Furthermore, icariin could promote the protein expression of OSX and RUNX2. The results showed that icariin can reverse the inhibitory osteogenic effects of MC3T3‐E1 caused by H2O2. In addition, icariin could increase the Wnt‐signaling related proteins. The results showed that MC3T3‐E1 cells in the H2O2 (0.2 mM) + icariin (0.1 μM) + Wnt‐signaling antagonist (DKK‐1) group had weaker ALP and ARS staining compared with that observed in the control and H2O2 (0.2 mM) + icariin (0.1 μM) groups. The ALP activity and calcium content were decreased in the 0.2 mM H2O2 + 0.1 μM icariin + DKK‐1 group compared to that observed in the 0.2 mM H2O2 + 0.1 μM icariin group. Conclusion The results showed that icariin can increase the viability of MC3T3‐E1 cells, reverse the oxidative stress induced by H2O2 and protect MC3T3‐E1 cells against H2O2‐induced inhibition of osteogenic differentiation, which may occur through the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Bin Sun
- Department of Trauma Orthopaedics, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Trauma Orthopaedics, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Wei-Jun An
- Department of Trauma Orthopaedics, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
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18
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Kaur M, Nagpal M, Singh M. Osteoblast-n-Osteoclast: Making Headway to Osteoporosis Treatment. Curr Drug Targets 2020; 21:1640-1651. [DOI: 10.2174/1389450121666200731173522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Bone is a dynamic tissue that continuously undergoes the modeling and remodeling
process to maintain its strength and firmness. Bone remodeling is determined by the functioning
of osteoblast and osteoclast cells. The imbalance between the functioning of osteoclast and osteoblast
cells leads to osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is divided into primary and secondary osteoporosis.
Generally, osteoporosis is diagnosed by measuring bone mineral density (BMD) and various osteoblast
and osteoclast cell markers.
Methods:
Relevant literature reports have been studied and data has been collected using various
search engines like google scholar, scihub, sciencedirect, pubmed, etc. A thorough understanding of
the mechanism of bone targeting strategies has been discussed and related literature has been studied
and compiled.
Results:
Bone remodeling process has been described in detail including various approaches for targeting
bone. Several bone targeting moieties have been stated in detail along with their mechanisms.
Targeting of osteoclasts and osteoblasts using various nanocarriers has been discussed in separate sections.
The toxicity issues or Biosafety related to the use of nanomaterials have been covered.
Conclusion:
The treatment of osteoporosis targets the inhibition of bone resorption and the use of
agents that promote bone mineralization to slow disease progression. Current osteoporosis therapy involves
the use of targeting moieties such as bisphosphonates and tetracyclines for targeting various
drugs. Nanotechnology has been used for targeting various drug molecules such as RANKLinhibitors,
parathyroid hormone analogues, estrogen agonists and antagonists, Wnt signaling enhancer
and calcitonin specifically to bone tissue (osteoclast and osteoblasts). So, a multicomponent treatment
strategy targeting both the bone cells will be more effective rather than targeting only osteoclasts and
it will be a potential area of research in bone targeting used to treat osteoporosis.
The first section of the review article covers various aspects of bone targeting. Another section comprises
details of various targeting moieties such as bisphosphonates, tetracyclines; and various
nanocarriers developed to target osteoclast and osteoblast cells and summarized data on in vivo models
has been used for assessment of bone targeting, drawbacks of current strategies and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malkiet Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Manju Nagpal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Manjinder Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
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19
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Luz EPCG, das Chagas BS, de Almeida NT, de Fátima Borges M, Andrade FK, Muniz CR, Castro-Silva II, Teixeira EH, Popat K, de Freitas Rosa M, Vieira RS. Resorbable bacterial cellulose membranes with strontium release for guided bone regeneration. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 116:111175. [PMID: 32806235 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid materials, based on bacterial cellulose (BC) and hydroxyapatite (HA), have been investigated for guided bone regeneration (GBR). However, for some GBR, degradability in the physiological environment is an essential requirement. The present study aimed to explore the use of oxidized bacterial cellulose (OxBC) membranes, associated with strontium apatite, for GBR applications. BC membranes were produced by fermentation and purified, before oxidizing and mineralizing by immersing in strontium chloride solution and sodium bibasic phosphate for 5 cycles. The hybrid materials (BC/HA/Sr, BC/SrAp, OxBC/HA/Sr and OxBC/SrAp) were characterized for biodegradability and bioactivity and for their physicochemical and morphological properties. In vitro cytotoxicity and hemolytic properties of the materials were also investigated. In vivo biocompatibility was analyzed by performing histopathological evaluation at 1, 3 and 9 weeks in mices. Results showed that the samples presented different strontium release profiles and that oxidation enhances degradation under physiological conditions. All the hybrid materials were bioactive. Cell viability assay indicated that the materials are non-cytotoxic and in vivo studies showed low inflammatory response and increased connective tissue repair, as well as degradation in most of the materials, especially the oxidized membranes. This study confirms the potential use of bacterial cellulose-derived hybrid membranes for GBR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruna Santana das Chagas
- Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical - CNPAT, Rua Dra Sara Mesquita 2270, Pici, CE 60511-110 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Natália Tavares de Almeida
- Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical - CNPAT, Rua Dra Sara Mesquita 2270, Pici, CE 60511-110 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Maria de Fátima Borges
- Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical - CNPAT, Rua Dra Sara Mesquita 2270, Pici, CE 60511-110 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
| | - Fabia Karine Andrade
- Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Department of Chemical Engineering, Bloco 709, CE 60455-760 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Celli Rodrigues Muniz
- Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical - CNPAT, Rua Dra Sara Mesquita 2270, Pici, CE 60511-110 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
| | - Igor Iuco Castro-Silva
- Federal University of Ceará (UFC/SOBRAL), Dentistry Department, CE 62010820 Sobral, Ceará, Brazil.
| | - Edson Holanda Teixeira
- Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, CE 60430-160 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Ketul Popat
- Department of Mechanical Engineering/School of Biomedical Engineering/School of Advanced Materials Discovery, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
| | - Morsyleide de Freitas Rosa
- Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical - CNPAT, Rua Dra Sara Mesquita 2270, Pici, CE 60511-110 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Silveira Vieira
- Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Department of Chemical Engineering, Bloco 709, CE 60455-760 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
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20
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Guo D, He H, Zhao M, Zhang G, Hou T. Desalted duck egg white peptides promoted osteogenesis via wnt/β-catenin signal pathway. J Food Sci 2020; 85:834-842. [PMID: 32078745 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a degenerative disease that threatens bone health of the elderly (especially postmenopausal women). Since osteoporosis is important to prevent, the aim of this study was to investigate the regulation of desalted duck egg white peptides (DPs) on osteoporosis. In this study, the effects of DPs on bone formation were evaluated using MC3T3-E1 cells and ovariectomized (OVX) rats. DPs significantly enhanced the preosteoblasts proliferation, differentiation, and matrix mineralization via the upregulation of wnt3a expression, low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-5 (LRP-5), β-catenin, runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) (P < 0.05). The intracellular calcium concentration was significantly elevated by DPs (P < 0.05), which is attributed to calcium influx and L-type calcium channels. Additionally, OVX rat model experiment indicated that DPs (600 mg/kg bw) had a superior effect against bone loss induced by estrogen deficiency, as it significantly declined bone turnover markers, and significantly increased biomechanical parameters (P < 0.05). Mineralized bone surfaces and bone microstructure were also obviously improved by DPs treatment. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that receptor activator of nuclear factor κ B (RANK) expression of tibia in DPs group was significantly reduced compared with the model group (P < 0.05). Our results demonstrated that DPs could enhance preosteoblasts differentiation and antiosteoporosis via wnt/β-catenin signal pathway and several key osteogenic transcription factors such as Runx2 and OPG. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: High-value utilization of salted duck egg white, a byproduct of food industry, is worthy of in-depth study. Desalted duck egg white peptides (DPs) were proved to promote bone formation, which suggests the potentials of DPs as cofactors in osteoporosis prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danjun Guo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural Univ., Wuhan, 430070, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural Univ.), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 43000, China
| | - Hui He
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural Univ., Wuhan, 430070, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural Univ.), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 43000, China
| | - Mengge Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural Univ., Wuhan, 430070, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural Univ.), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 43000, China
| | - Guoqing Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural Univ., Wuhan, 430070, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural Univ.), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 43000, China
| | - Tao Hou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural Univ., Wuhan, 430070, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural Univ.), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 43000, China
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21
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RANKL/RANK/OPG Pathway: A Mechanism Involved in Exercise-Induced Bone Remodeling. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:6910312. [PMID: 32149122 PMCID: PMC7053481 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6910312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Bones as an alive organ consist of about 70% mineral and 30% organic component. About 200 million people are suffering from osteopenia and osteoporosis around the world. There are multiple ways of protecting bone from endogenous and exogenous risk factors. Planned physical activity is another useful way for protecting bone health. It has been investigated that arranged exercise would effectively regulate bone metabolism. Until now, a number of systems have discovered how exercise could help bone health. Previous studies reported different mechanisms of the effect of exercise on bone health by modulation of bone remodeling. However, the regulation of RANKL/RANK/OPG pathway in exercise and physical performance as one of the most important remodeling systems is not considered comprehensive in previous evidence. Therefore, the aim of this review is to clarify exercise influence on bone modeling and remodeling, with a concentration on its role in regulating RANKL/RANK/OPG pathway.
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22
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Al Mamun MA, Asim MMH, Sahin MAZ, Al-Bari MAA. Flavonoids compounds from Tridax procumbens inhibit osteoclast differentiation by down-regulating c-Fos activation. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:2542-2551. [PMID: 31919976 PMCID: PMC7028861 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The total flavonoids from Tridax procumbens (TPFs) have been reported significantly to suppress on RANKL‐induced osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption in mouse primary cultured osteoclasts. However, the effects of ethyl ether fraction of Tridax procumbens flavonoids (TPF) on osteoclastogenesis remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of TPF on lipopolysaccharides (LPS)‐induced osteoclast differentiation, actin ring formation, and explored its molecular mechanism in vitro. Matured osteoclast was counted as the number of tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)‐positive multinucleated cells, and activity of osteoclast was assessed by performing the pit formation assays. Real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) was performed for evaluation of the expression of osteoclast differentiation‐related genes. TPF reduced the TRAP‐positive multinucleated osteoclasts, inhibited TRAP and acid phosphatase (ACP) activities and decreased the expression of osteoclast differentiating genes, including cathepsin K, metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2), MMP‐9, MMP‐13 and osteoclast‐associated receptor (OSCAR). Furthermore, osteoclast‐dependent actin rings formation and resorption pits were dramatically inhibited by the treatment with TPF. TPF markedly decreased the expression levels of transcription factors such as c‐Fos, nuclear factor of activated T cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) and activator protein‐1 (AP‐1). Taken together, our findings indicated that TPF suppressed both osteoclast differentiation and activities. Therefore, TPF might be a promising and emerging drug candidate for the treatment of bone diseases such as osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdullah Al Mamun
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Md Muzammal Haque Asim
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ali Zaber Sahin
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
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23
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Regulation of Hedgehog signaling Offers A Novel Perspective for Bone Homeostasis Disorder Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20163981. [PMID: 31426273 PMCID: PMC6719140 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway is central to the regulation of bone development and homeostasis. HH signaling is not only involved in osteoblast differentiation from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), but also acts upstream within osteoblasts via the OPG/RANK/RANKL axis to control the expression of RANKL. HH signaling has been found to up-regulate parathyroid hormone related protein (PTHrP) expression in osteoblasts, which in turn activates its downstream targets nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) and cAMP responsive element binding protein (CREB), and as a result CREB and NFAT cooperatively increase RANKL expression and osteoclastogenesis. Osteoblasts must remain in balance with osteoclasts in order to avoid excessive bone formation or resorption, thereby maintaining bone homeostasis. This review systemically summarizes the mechanisms whereby HH signaling induces osteoblast development and controls RANKL expression through PTHrP in osteoblasts. Proper targeting of HH signaling may offer a therapeutic option for treating bone homeostasis disorders.
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24
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Sherbet GV. Statins: A Conceivable Remedial Role for the Regulation of Cancer Progression. CURRENT CANCER THERAPY REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573394714666180611113834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The mevalonate pathway (also known as the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway) plays a crucial metabolic role in normal cell function as well as in the pathological environment. It leads to the synthesis of sterol and non-sterol isoprenoid biomolecules which subserve a variety of cellular functions. It is known to be deregulated in many disease processes. Statins and bisphosphonates are prominent inhibitors of the mevalonate pathway. They inhibit cell proliferation and activate apoptotic signalling and suppress tumour growth. Statins subdue metastatic spread of tumours by virtue of their ability to suppress invasion and angiogenesis. The induction of autophagy is another feature of statin effects that could contribute to the suppression of metastasis. Herein highlighted are the major signalling systems that statins engage to generate these biological effects. Statins can constrain tumour growth by influencing the expression and function of growth factor and receptor systems. They may suppress epithelial mesenchymal transition with resultant inhibition of cell survival signalling, together with the inhibition of cancer stem cell generation, and their maintenance and expansion. They can suppress ER (oestrogen receptor)-α in breast cancer cells. Statins have been implicated in the activation of the serine/threonine protein kinase AMPK (5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein) leading to the suppression of cell proliferation. Both statins and bisphosphonates can suppress angiogenic signalling by HIF (hypoxia- inducible factor)-1/eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase) and VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor)/VEGFR (VEGF receptor). Statins have been linked with improvements in disease prognosis. Also attributed to them is the ability of cancer prevention and reduction of risk of some forms of cancer. The wide spectrum of cancer associated events which these mevalonate inhibitors appear to influence would suggest a conceivable role for them in cancer management. However, much deliberation is warranted in the design and planning of clinical trials, their scope and definition of endpoints, modes risk assessment and the accrual of benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gajanan V. Sherbet
- School of Engineering, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
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25
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Seem SA, Yuan YV, Tou JC. Chocolate and chocolate constituents influence bone health and osteoporosis risk. Nutrition 2019; 65:74-84. [PMID: 31029926 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bone loss resulting in increased risk for osteoporosis is a major health issue worldwide. Chocolate is a rich source of antioxidant and antiinflammatory flavonoids and dietary minerals with the potential to benefit bone health. However, other chocolate constituents such as cocoa butter, sugar, and methylxanthines may be detrimental to bone. Human studies investigating the role of chocolate consumption on serum bone markers and bone mineral density (BMD) have been inconsistent. A contributing factor is likely the different composition and thereby the nutrient and bioactive content among chocolate types. White and milk chocolate are high in sugar and low in flavonoids and most minerals. Dark chocolate (45-85% cocoa solids) is high in flavonoids, most minerals, and low in sugar with ≥70% cocoa solids resulting in higher fat and methylxanthine content. The aim of this review was to examine the relationship between chocolate consumption and its constiuents, including flavonoid content, on bone health and osteoporosis risk. Studies showed postmenopausal women had no bone effects at moderate chocolate intakes, whereas adolescents consuming chocolate had greater longitudinal bone growth. Based on flavonoid and mineral content, unsweetened cocoa powder appeared to be the best option followed by dark chocolate with higher cocoa content in terms of supporting and preserving bone health. Determining dietary recommendations for chocolate consumption relative to bone health is important because of the growing popularity of chocolate, particularly dark chocolate, and an expected increase in consumption owing to suggestions of health benefits against various degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A Seem
- Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Yvonne V Yuan
- School of Nutrition, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Janet C Tou
- Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA.
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26
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de Azambuja Carvalho PH, Torriani MA, Post LK, Chagas OL. Surgical Treatment of Fibroosseous Lesion in Young Patient with Reduced Mouth Opening. Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr 2018; 11:314-319. [PMID: 30574276 PMCID: PMC6224290 DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1608697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrous dysplasia is a benign fibroosseous disorder that can affect the maxillary bones, causing aesthetic deformity and functional impairment. This article reports the case of a 13-year-old male patient at the time of diagnosis. The patient showed increased facial volume with relevant asymmetry, having reported the onset of the condition 12 months before. Upon examination, the patient presented an 8-mm mouth opening and an acute inflammatory process associated with tooth 37 pericoronal hood. Upon imaging exam, exuberant bone growth in the left mandibular ramus area of ground glass aspect was observed. After incisional biopsy, fibrous dysplasia was diagnosed and sequentially treated with osteoplasty and coronoid process removal. The patient evolved to a 43-mm mouth opening and favorable aesthetics without recurrence in a 3-year follow-up period. In this case, coronoidectomy and bone plasty proved to be effective, returning aesthetics and function. The patient is supposed to be followed up in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Henrique de Azambuja Carvalho
- Department of Diagnosis and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculdade de Odontologia Campus de Araraquara, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Marcos Antonio Torriani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Letícia Kirst Post
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Otacílio Luiz Chagas
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
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27
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Berberine derivative, Q8, stimulates osteogenic differentiation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 504:340-345. [PMID: 30190123 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.08.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Berberine has been implicated to be involved in maintaining bone health due to its anti-oxidative and osteogenic properties. However, low potency and low bioavailability limit the clinical development of the drug. To overcome these obstacles, we previously synthesized a compound, Q8, which is a structural homolog of berberine. The present study examined the pharmacological functions of Q8 to evaluate its potential use in bone regeneration with respect to osteoblast differentiation. Here, we report that Q8 enhanced BMP4-induced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and transcription from the ALP promoter. In addition, Q8 suppressed the expression and activity of PPARγ (a known negative regulator of osteogenesis due to its stimulatory effects on adipogenesis and its role as an adipogenic transcription factor), which in turn increases β-catenin expression in the nucleus, and ultimately promotes osteoblast differentiation. Meanwhile, Q8 reversed the inhibitory effects of the PPARγ agonist, rosiglitazone, on osteoblast differentiation. This study demonstrated that Q8 promotes osteoblast differentiation via inhibition of PPARγ and the enhancement of osteoblast function by Q8 may contribute to the prevention for osteoporosis.
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28
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Rodrigues TA, Freire AO, Bonfim BF, Cartágenes MSS, Garcia JBS. Strontium ranelate as a possible disease-modifying osteoarthritis drug: a systematic review. Braz J Med Biol Res 2018; 51:e7440. [PMID: 29924137 PMCID: PMC6040865 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20187440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering that osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent joint disease worldwide, multiple pharmacological treatments have been proposed to alter the articular structure with potential benefit in the progression of the disease. The so-called disease-modifying OA drugs have been frequently investigated but conclusive findings are rare. Strontium ranelate (SrRan) is a drug usually prescribed to treat osteoporosis, with proven effects in decreasing the risk of fractures and possible effect in reducing the progression of OA. The objective of this review was to demonstrate the current panorama of knowledge on the use of SrRan in clinical and experimental models, clarifying its mechanisms of action and describing possible anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects. The systematic review was based on the PRISMA statement and included articles that are indexed in scientific databases. Fifteen studies were included: seven pre-clinical and eight clinical studies. Despite the limited number of studies, the results suggest a positive effect of SrRan in patients with OA, through changes in functional capacity and reduction of progression of morphological parameters and joint degradation, with moderate quality of evidence for those clinical outcomes. Novel studies are necessary to elucidate the molecular targets of SrRan, focusing on anti-inflammatory effects and histological changes promoted by SrRan, which seemed to reduce the progression of OA in the experimental and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Rodrigues
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brasil
| | - A O Freire
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brasil
| | - B F Bonfim
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brasil
| | - M S S Cartágenes
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brasil
| | - J B S Garcia
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brasil
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29
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Zhang W, Yang GJ, Wu SX, Li DQ, Xu YB, Ma CH, Wang JL, Chen WW. The guiding role of bone metabolism test in osteoporosis treatment. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 7:40-49. [PMID: 29755856 PMCID: PMC5944817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) and osteoporotic fractures are becoming a serious health care issue in the world. Calcium and vitamin D are the basic treatment for osteoporosis. Nonetheless, they do not effectively reduce the incidences of fracture. Currently approved treatments for osteoporosis include selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), bisphosphonates, denosumab, teriparatide, calcitonin and others. However, the appearance of some adverse effects including atypical fracture and breast cancer has limited long-term treatments above mentioned. Therefore, treatment decision should be made on an individual basis, taking into account the relative benefits and risks in different patients. Bone metabolism test helps to assess the patient's condition, which may ultimately lead to therapeutic options and better clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qujing Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University655000, Yunnan, China
- Department of Workstation for Academicians and Experts of Yunnan Province, Qujing Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University655000, Yunnan, China
| | - Guo-Ji Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second People’s Hospital of Qujing655000, Yunnan, China
| | - Shi-Xian Wu
- Department of Science and Education, Qujing Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University655000, Yunnan, China
| | - Dong-Qing Li
- Department of Dermatology, Qujing Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University655000, Yunnan, China
| | - Ying-Bo Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Qujing Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University655000, Yunnan, China
| | - Cheng-Hong Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Qujing Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University655000, Yunnan, China
| | - Jun-Ling Wang
- Department of Workstation for Academicians and Experts of Yunnan Province, Qujing Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University655000, Yunnan, China
| | - Wei-Wen Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Qujing Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University655000, Yunnan, China
- Department of Workstation for Academicians and Experts of Yunnan Province, Qujing Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University655000, Yunnan, China
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30
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Han SY, Lee KH, Kim YK. Poligoni Multiflori Radix enhances osteoblast formation and reduces osteoclast differentiation. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:331-345. [PMID: 29620250 PMCID: PMC5979931 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Poligoni Multiflori Radix (PMR) is a traditional Korean medicinal herb that is known to have various pharmacological effects, including antihyperlipidemic, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the effects of PMR on bone metabolism have not been elucidated to date. The present study aimed to investigate the in vitro and in vivo effect of PMR water extract on the regulation of osteoblast and osteoclast activity. Effects of PMR water extract on receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation and survival of mouse bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) obtained from femurs were investigated by tartrate-acid resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive cells and XTT assay. Expression of osteoclast-related genes was assayed by western blot analysis and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Additionally, the effects of PMR water extract on osteoblastic proliferation and differentiation were investigated by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay, alizarin red staining, and levels of mRNA encoding known osteoblast markers. Furthermore, the effects of PMR water extract on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced bone loss were examined in a mouse model. PMR inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation of BMMs in a dose-dependent manner without significant cytotoxicity, and suppressed expression of the main osteoclast differentiation markers Fos proto-oncogene and nuclear factor of activated T-cell. In addition, PMR decreased the mRNA expression levels of NFATc1 target genes, including TRAP, osteoclast-associated receptor, ATPase H+ transporting, lysosomal 38 kDa V0 subunit d2, and Cathepsin K. These inhibitory effects were mediated by the p38 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase/nuclear factor-κB pathway. Simultaneously, PMR enhanced the differentiation of primary osteoblasts, and increased the mRNA expression of runt-related transcription factor 2, ALP, osterix, and osteocalcin. Notably, PMR improved LPS-induced trabecular bone loss in mice. Collectively, the present findings demonstrated that PMR may regulate bone remodeling by reducing osteoclast differentiation and stimulating osteoblast formation. These results suggest that PMR may be used for the treatment of bone diseases, such as osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Yong Han
- Department of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hee Lee
- Department of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Kyung Kim
- Department of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
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31
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Ahn CB, Je JY. Bone health-promoting bioactive peptides. J Food Biochem 2018; 43:e12529. [PMID: 31353486 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive peptides, derivatives of proteins, show versatile biological effects and represent potential health-promoting agents as functional food ingredients and/or nutraceuticals. Bone health depends on the balance between bone formation and resorption. When the balance is disrupted, bone diseases such as osteoporosis and fragility fractures may result. Accumulating evidence suggests that peptides derived from endogenous proteins and food proteins enhance bone health. This article reviews the literature on peptides exhibiting bone health-promoting effects. Possible biochemical mechanisms and production of these peptides are briefly discussed. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Bioactive peptides are derived from food proteins via enzymatic hydrolysis, are already commercially available. In vitro and in vivo bone health-promoting effects of bioactive peptides have been shown in several animal models of osteoporosis and fractures. Thus, peptides can be used as functional food ingredients and/or nutraceuticals. However, their exact role and safety in human subjects should be evaluated prior to commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Bum Ahn
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Je
- Department of Marine-Bio Convergence Science, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48547, Republic of Korea
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32
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Saito H, Kakihata H, Nishida Y, Yatomi S, Nihojima S, Kobayashi Y, Tabata H, Nomura M. The safety and effectiveness profile of eldecalcitol in a prospective, post-marketing observational study in Japanese patients with osteoporosis: interim report. J Bone Miner Metab 2017; 35:456-463. [PMID: 27699492 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-016-0779-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This large-scale post-marketing surveillance study was conducted to assess the safety and effectiveness of eldecalcitol treatment in patients with osteoporosis in a Japanese clinical setting. A total of 3567 patients with osteoporosis were enrolled and received eldecalcitol 0.75 μg/day for 12 months. For this interim report, 3285 patients were eligible for analysis. Mean age was 74.9 ± 8.7 years; 86.8 % (2854/3285) were women. There were 142 reported adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in 129 patients (3.92 % of the total 3285 patients): the most common were hypercalcemia and increased blood calcium (0.88 %), renal impairment (0.27 %), abdominal discomfort (0.24 %), constipation (0.24 %), and pruritus (0.24 %). The incidence of ADRs was 5.10 % in men and 3.74 % in women. Although 10 serious ADRs were reported in 9 patients (0.27 %), no clinically significant safety issues were identified. Incidence of hypercalcemia or increased blood calcium was 8.47 % in patients with renal impairment and only 0.74 % in patients without renal impairment. At last observation, the incidence of new vertebral and nonvertebral fractures was 2.44 % and 1.70 %, respectively. There was a significant increase in bone mineral density at the lumbar spine and distal radius. The bone turnover markers BAP, serum NTX, urinary NTX, and TRACP-5b were suppressed by eldecalcitol treatment in both sexes. In conclusion, consistent with the findings of the phase III pivotal clinical trial, eldecalcitol was shown to have a favorable safety profile and effectiveness in Japanese patients with osteoporosis. However, periodic measurements of serum calcium were required to prevent occurrence of hypercalcemia during eldecalcitol treatment, especially in patients with renal impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Saito
- Medical Affairs Division, Medical Science Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 2-1-1 Nihonbashi-Muromachi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-8324, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Kakihata
- Medical Affairs Division, Medical Science Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 2-1-1 Nihonbashi-Muromachi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-8324, Japan
| | - Yosuke Nishida
- Medical Affairs Division, Medical Science Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 2-1-1 Nihonbashi-Muromachi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-8324, Japan
| | - Sawako Yatomi
- Medical Affairs Division, Medical Science Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 2-1-1 Nihonbashi-Muromachi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-8324, Japan
| | - Shigeru Nihojima
- Medical Affairs Division, Medical Science Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 2-1-1 Nihonbashi-Muromachi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-8324, Japan
| | - Yumiko Kobayashi
- Taisho Toyama Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 3-25-1 Takada, Toshima-ku, Tokyo, 170-8635, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Tabata
- Medical Affairs Division, Medical Science Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 2-1-1 Nihonbashi-Muromachi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-8324, Japan
| | - Makoto Nomura
- Medical Affairs Division, Medical Science Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 2-1-1 Nihonbashi-Muromachi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-8324, Japan
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Maurya SW, Dev K, Singh KB, Rai R, Siddiqui IR, Singh D, Maurya R. Synthesis and biological evaluation of heterocyclic analogues of pregnenolone as novel anti-osteoporotic agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:1390-1396. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Hoffmann DB, Sehmisch S, Hofmann AM, Eimer C, Komrakova M, Saul D, Wassmann M, Stürmer KM, Tezval M. Comparison of parathyroid hormone and strontium ranelate in combination with whole-body vibration in a rat model of osteoporosis. J Bone Miner Metab 2017; 35:31-39. [PMID: 26825660 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-016-0736-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the combinatorial effects of whole-body vertical vibration (WBVV) with the primarily osteoanabolic parathyroid hormone (PTH) and the mainly antiresorptive strontium ranelate (SR) in a rat model of osteoporosis. Ovariectomies were performed on 76 three-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats (OVX, n = 76; NON-OVX, n = 12). After 8 weeks, the ovariectomized rats were divided into 6 groups. One group (OVX + PTH) received daily injections of PTH (40 µg/kg body weight/day) for 6 weeks. Another group (OVX + SR) was fed SR-supplemented chow (600 mg/kg body weight/day). Three groups (OVX + VIB, OVX + PTH + VIB, and OVX + SR + VIB) were treated with WBVV twice a day at 70 Hz for 15 min. Two groups (OVX + PTH + VIB, OVX + SR + VIB) were treated additionally with PTH and SR, respectively. The rats were killed at 14 weeks post-ovariectomy. The lumbar vertebrae and femora were removed for biomechanical and morphological assessment. PTH produced statistically significant improvements in biomechanical and structural properties, including bone mineral density (BMD) and trabecular bone quality. In contrast, SR treatment exerted mild effects, with significant effects in cortical thickness only. SR produced no significant improvement in biomechanical properties. WBVV as a single or an adjunctive therapy produced no significant improvements. In conclusion, vibration therapy administered as a single or dual treatment had no significant impact on bones affected by osteoporosis. PTH considerably improved bone quality in osteoporosis cases and is superior to treatment with SR.
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Affiliation(s)
- D B Hoffmann
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Goettingen, Robert Koch St. No. 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany.
| | - S Sehmisch
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Goettingen, Robert Koch St. No. 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany
| | - A M Hofmann
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Goettingen, Robert Koch St. No. 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany
| | - C Eimer
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Goettingen, Robert Koch St. No. 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany
| | - M Komrakova
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Goettingen, Robert Koch St. No. 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany
| | - D Saul
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Goettingen, Robert Koch St. No. 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany
| | - M Wassmann
- Medical Institute of General Hygiene and Environmental Health, University of Goettingen, Kreuzbergring No. 57, 37075, Goettingen, Germany
| | - K M Stürmer
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Goettingen, Robert Koch St. No. 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany
| | - M Tezval
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Goettingen, Robert Koch St. No. 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany
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Kauffmann P, Hahn W, Sievers N, Troeltzsch M, Hohloch K, Brockmeyer P, Cordesmeyer R, Schliephake H, Gruber RM. Osteoblast-like cells with different embryologic origins behave differently in increasing zoledronic acid concentrations: a pilot study in pigs. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2017; 123:20-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2016.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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36
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Gui Y, Qiu X, Xu Y, Li D, Wang L. Bu-Shen-Ning-Xin decoction suppresses osteoclastogenesis via increasing dehydroepiandrosterone to prevent postmenopausal osteoporosis. Biosci Trends 2016; 9:169-81. [PMID: 26166370 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2015.01011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Bu-Shen-Ning-Xin decoction (BSNXD), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been used to prevent and treat age-related diseases such as postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) for decades. This study sought to investigate the underlying mechanisms of BSNXD in terms of receptor activation of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis in vitro because of the critical roles of bone resorption in the development and progression of osteoporosis. In mice, serum levels of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), and 17-β-estradiol (E2) were evaluated with an enzyme immunoassay kit after ovariectomy. Levels of DHEA and DHEAS increased significantly following administration of BSNXD while the level of E2 did not. In addition, tartrate-resistance acid phosphatase staining showed that DHEA profoundly inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis in vitro in a dose-dependent manner via estrogen receptor α (ERα) but not via estrogen receptor β or androgen receptors. Cytotoxicity was not detected in the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. These data suggest that BSNXD prevents PMO by increasing DHEA via the ERαpathway to suppress osteoclastogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyan Gui
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University
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Frisch RN, Curtis KM, Aenlle KK, Howard GA. Hepatocyte growth factor and alternative splice variants - expression, regulation and implications in osteogenesis and bone health and repair. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2016; 20:1087-98. [PMID: 26941128 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2016.1162293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into multiple cell types, including osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipocytes. These pluripotent cells secrete hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), which regulates cell growth, survival, motility, migration, mitogenesis and is important for tissue development/regeneration. HGF has four splice variants, NK1, NK2, NK3, and NK4 which have varying functions and affinities for the HGF receptor, cMET. HGF promotes osteoblastic differentiation of MSCs into bone forming cells, playing a role in bone development, health and repair. AREAS COVERED This review will focus on the effects of HGF in osteogenesis, bone repair and bone health, including structural and functional insights into the role of HGF in the body. EXPERT OPINION Approximately 6.2 million Americans experience a fracture annually, with 5-10% being mal- or non-union fractures. HGF is important in priming MSCs for osteogenic differentiation in vitro and is currently being studied to assess its role during bone repair in vivo. Due to the high turnover rate of systemic HGF, non-classic modes of HGF-treatment, including naked-plasmid HGF delivery and the use of HGF splice variants (NK1 & NK2) are being studied to find safe and efficacious treatments for bone disorders, such as mal- or non-union fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel N Frisch
- a Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, and Research Service , Bruce W. Carter Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Kevin M Curtis
- a Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, and Research Service , Bruce W. Carter Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Miami , FL , USA.,b Biochemistry & Molecular Biology , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Kristina K Aenlle
- a Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, and Research Service , Bruce W. Carter Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Guy A Howard
- a Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, and Research Service , Bruce W. Carter Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Miami , FL , USA.,b Biochemistry & Molecular Biology , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA.,c Medicine , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA
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Yang JE, Song MS, Shen Y, Ryu PD, Lee SY. The Role of KV7.3 in Regulating Osteoblast Maturation and Mineralization. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:407. [PMID: 26999128 PMCID: PMC4813262 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17030407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
KCNQ (KV7) channels are voltage-gated potassium (KV) channels, and the function of KV7 channels in muscles, neurons, and sensory cells is well established. We confirmed that overall blockade of KV channels with tetraethylammonium augmented the mineralization of bone-marrow-derived human mesenchymal stem cells during osteogenic differentiation, and we determined that KV7.3 was expressed in MG-63 and Saos-2 cells at the mRNA and protein levels. In addition, functional KV7 currents were detected in MG-63 cells. Inhibition of KV7.3 by linopirdine or XE991 increased the matrix mineralization during osteoblast differentiation. This was confirmed by alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, and osterix in MG-63 cells, whereas the expression of Runx2 showed no significant change. The extracellular glutamate secreted by osteoblasts was also measured to investigate its effect on MG-63 osteoblast differentiation. Blockade of KV7.3 promoted the release of glutamate via the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2-mediated upregulation of synapsin, and induced the deposition of type 1 collagen. However, activation of KV7.3 by flupirtine did not produce notable changes in matrix mineralization during osteoblast differentiation. These results suggest that KV7.3 could be a novel regulator in osteoblast differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Eun Yang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
| | - Min Seok Song
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
| | - Yiming Shen
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
| | - Pan Dong Ryu
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
| | - So Yeong Lee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
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Scaglione M, Fabbri L, Casella F, Guido G. Strontium ranelate as an adjuvant for fracture healing: clinical, radiological, and ultrasound findings in a randomized controlled study on wrist fractures. Osteoporos Int 2016; 27:211-8. [PMID: 26294293 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-015-3266-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This randomized and controlled study evaluated the effect of therapy with strontium ranelate on callus formation in wrist fractures and its incidence in wrist recovery. Radiographic healing, progression of clinical recovery, and callus quality with ultrasound were evaluated. No statistically significant benefit of therapy was found. INTRODUCTION Fracture prevention is the main goal of any therapy for osteoporosis. Various drugs used in osteoporosis treatment have the theoretical premises to promote fracture healing and osseointegration. In this study, the effect of strontium ranelate on callus formation in wrist fractures was evaluated and whether it could lead to clinically relevant modification of wrist recovery; having strontium ranelate osteoinductive properties, it could be used, if effective, as an adjunct in fracture healing for a faster and functionally better recovery and, at the same time, in starting proper therapy in osteoporotic patients with fragility fractures. METHODS We considered only patients older than 60 years who had suffered wrist fracture and received nonoperative treatment with manual reduction of the fracture and cast for 35 days. Forty patients were included and randomly assigned to one of two groups: group A [patients treated with calcium (1200 mg/day) and vitamin D (800 IU/day)] and group B [patients treated with calcium (1200 mg/day) and vitamin D (800 IU/day) associated with strontium ranelate 2 g daily]. Radiographic healing was evaluated through the bone callus formation, cortical continuity, and density of the callus. A clinical evaluation using Castaing's criteria was carried out 2 and 3 months following the fracture together with an ultrasound study of callus density and vessels. RESULTS A parametric analysis of the X-ray data, clinical evaluation, and ultrasonography results showed that there were no statistically significant differences in the two groups (p > 0.05 for all data). CONCLUSION In analyzing the data obtained, we concluded that strontium ranelate administered in acute phase did not improve nor accelerate wrist fracture healing in our population.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Scaglione
- Clinica Ortopedica dell'Unversità degli Studi di Pisa, U.O. Ortopedia e Traumatologia II, Via Paradisa 2, Pisa, Italy
| | - L Fabbri
- Clinica Ortopedica dell'Unversità degli Studi di Pisa, U.O. Ortopedia e Traumatologia II, Via Paradisa 2, Pisa, Italy.
| | - F Casella
- Clinica Ortopedica dell'Unversità degli Studi di Pisa, U.O. Ortopedia e Traumatologia II, Via Paradisa 2, Pisa, Italy
| | - G Guido
- Clinica Ortopedica dell'Unversità degli Studi di Pisa, U.O. Ortopedia e Traumatologia II, Via Paradisa 2, Pisa, Italy
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40
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Saraff V, Högler W. ENDOCRINOLOGY AND ADOLESCENCE: Osteoporosis in children: diagnosis and management. Eur J Endocrinol 2015; 173:R185-97. [PMID: 26041077 DOI: 10.1530/eje-14-0865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis in children can be primary or secondary due to chronic disease. Awareness among paediatricians is vital to identify patients at risk of developing osteoporosis. Previous fractures and backaches are clinical predictors, and low cortical thickness and low bone density are radiological predictors of fractures. Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) is a rare disease and should be managed in tertiary paediatric units with the necessary multidisciplinary expertise. Modern OI management focuses on functional outcomes rather than just improving bone mineral density. While therapy for OI has improved tremendously over the last few decades, this chronic genetic condition has some unpreventable, poorly treatable and disabling complications. In children at risk of secondary osteoporosis, a high degree of suspicion needs to be exercised. In affected children, further weakening of bone should be avoided by minimising exposure to osteotoxic medication and optimising nutrition including calcium and vitamin D. Early intervention is paramount. However, it is important to identify patient groups in whom spontaneous vertebral reshaping and resolution of symptoms occur to avoid unnecessary treatment. Bisphosphonate therapy remains the pharmacological treatment of choice in both primary and secondary osteoporosis in children, despite limited evidence for its use in the latter. The duration and intensity of treatment remain a concern for long-term safety. Various new potent antiresorptive agents are being studied, but more urgently required are studies using anabolic medications that stimulate bone formation. More research is required to bridge the gaps in the evidence for management of paediatric osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vrinda Saraff
- Department of Endocrinology and DiabetesBirmingham Children's Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK
| | - Wolfgang Högler
- Department of Endocrinology and DiabetesBirmingham Children's Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK
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41
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Lai N, Zhang J, Ma X, Wang B, Miao X, Wang Z, Guo Y, Wang L, Yao C, Li X, Jiang G. Regulatory Effect of Catalpol on Th1/Th2 cells in Mice with Bone Loss Induced by Estrogen Deficiency. Am J Reprod Immunol 2015; 74:487-98. [PMID: 26303620 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Estradiol (E2 ) deficiency can cause bone loss and the skew of Th1/Th2 cells. However, the correlation between the Th1/Th2 cells and the bone loss induced by estrogen deficiency remains unclear. Our aim was to investigate the role of Th1/Th2 in bone loss induced by estrogen deficiency and elucidated the therapeutical effect of catalpol in this condition. METHOD OF STUDY Young, sham-operated (Sham), ovariectomized (Ovx), and naturally aged mice, treated with catalpol at different doses or control vehicle, were used in this study as indicated in each experiment. ELISA assay, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and flow cytometry were used to analyze E2 , C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen (CTx-I), bone mineral density (BMD), and Th1/Th2 subsets, respectively. The mRNA and protein expressions of specific transcription factors for Th1/Th2 cells (T-bet and GATA-3) were analyzed using real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot, respectively. RESULTS Bone mineral density and E2 levels positively correlated with the proportion of Th2 subset while negatively correlated with that of Th1 subset and the ratio of Th1/Th2. Catalpol alleviated bone loss effectively by regulating Th1/Th2 polarization. Catalpol promoted the expression of Th2-specific transcription factors while inhibited that associated with Th1. CONCLUSION Th1/Th2 skew is involved in bone loss induced by estrogen deficiency. Catalpol alleviates bone loss effectively by regulating Th1/Th2 paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Lai
- Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Immunology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Disease, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.,School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Jinan University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | | | - Xingyan Ma
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiuming Miao
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhaoxia Wang
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Immunology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Disease, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yuqi Guo
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Immunology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Disease, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Immunology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Disease, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Chengfang Yao
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Immunology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Disease, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xia Li
- Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Immunology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Disease, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Guosheng Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Immunology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Disease, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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42
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Chee C, Sellahewa L, Pappachan JM. Inhaled corticosteroids and bone health. Open Respir Med J 2014; 8:85-92. [PMID: 25674178 PMCID: PMC4319192 DOI: 10.2174/1874306401408010085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are the cornerstones in the management of bronchial asthma and some cases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Although ICS are claimed to have low side effect profiles, at high doses they can cause systemic adverse effects including bone diseases such as osteopenia, osteoporosis and osteonecrosis. Corticosteroids have detrimental effects on function and survival of osteoblasts and osteocytes, and with the prolongation of osteoclast survival, induce metabolic bone disease. Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO) can be associated with major complications such as vertebral and neck of femur fractures. The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) published criteria in 2010 for the management of GIO. ACR recommends bisphosphonates along with calcium and vitamin D supplements as the first-line agents for GIO management. ACR recommendations can be applied to manage patients on ICS with a high risk of developing metabolic bone disease. This review outlines the mechanisms and management of ICS-induced bone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn Chee
- Department of Endocrinology, Nottingham University Hospitals, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Luckni Sellahewa
- Department of Endocrinology, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, DE22 3NE, UK
| | - Joseph M Pappachan
- Department of Endocrinology, Walsall Manor Hospital, West Midlands, WS2 9PS, UK
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