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Li X, Yang Y, Xu S, Gui Y, Chen J, Xu J. Screening biomarkers for spinal cord injury using weighted gene co-expression network analysis and machine learning. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2723-2734. [PMID: 38595290 PMCID: PMC11168503 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.391306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202412000-00028/figure1/v/2024-04-08T165401Z/r/image-tiff Immune changes and inflammatory responses have been identified as central events in the pathological process of spinal cord injury. They can greatly affect nerve regeneration and functional recovery. However, there is still limited understanding of the peripheral immune inflammatory response in spinal cord injury. In this study, we obtained microRNA expression profiles from the peripheral blood of patients with spinal cord injury using high-throughput sequencing. We also obtained the mRNA expression profile of spinal cord injury patients from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (GSE151371). We identified 54 differentially expressed microRNAs and 1656 differentially expressed genes using bioinformatics approaches. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that various common immune and inflammation-related signaling pathways, such as neutrophil extracellular trap formation pathway, T cell receptor signaling pathway, and nuclear factor-κB signal pathway, were abnormally activated or inhibited in spinal cord injury patient samples. We applied an integrated strategy that combines weighted gene co-expression network analysis, LASSO logistic regression, and SVM-RFE algorithm and identified three biomarkers associated with spinal cord injury: ANO10, BST1, and ZFP36L2. We verified the expression levels and diagnostic performance of these three genes in the original training dataset and clinical samples through the receiver operating characteristic curve. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction results showed that ANO10 and BST1 mRNA levels were increased and ZFP36L2 mRNA was decreased in the peripheral blood of spinal cord injury patients. We also constructed a small RNA-mRNA interaction network using Cytoscape. Additionally, we evaluated the proportion of 22 types of immune cells in the peripheral blood of spinal cord injury patients using the CIBERSORT tool. The proportions of naïve B cells, plasma cells, monocytes, and neutrophils were increased while the proportions of memory B cells, CD8+ T cells, resting natural killer cells, resting dendritic cells, and eosinophils were markedly decreased in spinal cord injury patients increased compared with healthy subjects, and ANO10, BST1 and ZFP26L2 were closely related to the proportion of certain immune cell types. The findings from this study provide new directions for the development of treatment strategies related to immune inflammation in spinal cord injury and suggest that ANO10, BST1, and ZFP36L2 are potential biomarkers for spinal cord injury. The study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (registration No. ChiCTR2200066985, December 12, 2022).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Ye Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guilin People’s Hospital, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Senming Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yuchang Gui
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jianmin Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jianwen Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
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Jabermoradi S, Paridari P, Ramawad HA, Gharin P, Roshdi S, Toloui A, Yousefifard M. Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes as a Therapeutic Option for Spinal Cord Injuries; a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. ARCHIVES OF ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE 2024; 13:e2. [PMID: 39318865 PMCID: PMC11417640 DOI: 10.22037/aaem.v12i1.2261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Exosomes function as cell signaling carriers and have drawn much attention to the cell-free treatments of regenerative medicine. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell-derived (MSC-derived) exosomes in animal models of spinal cord injuries (SCI). Method A comprehensive search was conducted in Medline, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science to attain related articles published by January 31, 2023. The eligible keywords were correlated with the spinal cord injury and MSC-derived exosomes. The evaluated outcomes were locomotion, cavity size, cell apoptosis, inflammation, neuro-regeneration, and microglia activation. A standardized mean difference was calculated for each sample and a pooled effect size was reported. Results 65 papers fully met the inclusion criteria. Treatment with MSC-derived exosomes ultimately improved locomotion and shrunk cavity size (p<0.0001). The administration of MSC-derived exosomes enhanced the expression of beta-tubulin III, NF200, and GAP-43, and increased the number of NeuN-positive and Nissl-positive cells, while reducing the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (p<0.0001). The number of apoptotic cells in the treatment group decreased significantly (p<0.0001). Regarding the markers of microglia activation, MSC-derived exosomes increased the number of CD206- and CD68-positive cells (p=0.032 and p<0.0001, respectively). Additionally, MSC-derived exosome administration significantly increased the expression of the anti-inflammatory interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-4 (p<0.001 and p=0.001, respectively) and decreased the expression of the inflammatory IL-1b, IL-6, and TNF-a (p<0.0001). Conclusion MSC-derived exosome treatment resulted in a significantly improved locomotion of SCI animals through ameliorating neuroinflammation, reducing apoptosis, and inducing neuronal regrowth by facilitating a desirable microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Jabermoradi
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University ofMedical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- The first and second authors have identical contributions
| | - Parsa Paridari
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University ofMedical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- The first and second authors have identical contributions
| | - Hamzah Adel Ramawad
- Department of EmergencyMedicine, NYC Health + Hospitals, Coney Island, New York, USA
| | - Pantea Gharin
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University ofMedical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shayan Roshdi
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University ofMedical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirmohammad Toloui
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University ofMedical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Yousefifard
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University ofMedical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Hu B, Zhao Y, Chen C, Wu B, Zhang H, Liu B, Zheng R, Fang F. Research hotspots and trends of microRNAs in spinal cord injury: a comprehensive bibliometric analysis. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1406977. [PMID: 38836004 PMCID: PMC11149023 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1406977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a nervous system disease leading to motor and sensory dysfunction below the injury level, and can result in paralysis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a key role in SCI treatment, and related research provides insights for SCI diagnosis and treatment. Bibliometrics is an important tool for literature statistics and evaluation, objectively summarizing multidimensional information. This study comprehensively overviews the field through bibliometric analysis of miRNA and SCI research, providing contemporary resources for future collaboration and clinical treatment. Materials and methods In this study, we searched the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) database. After careful screening and data import, we extracted annual publications, citation counts, countries, institutions, authors, journals, highly cited articles, co-cited articles, keywords, and H-index. Bibliometrics and visualization analyses employed VOSviewer, CiteSpace, the R package "bibliometrix," and online analytic platforms. Using Arrowsmith, we determined miRNA-SCI relationships and discussed potential miRNA mechanisms in SCI. Results From 2008 to 2024, the number of related papers increased annually, reaching 754. The number of yearly publications remained high and entered a period of rapid development. Researchers from 50 countries/regions, 802 institutions, 278 journals, and 3,867 authors participated in the field. Currently, China has advantages in the number of national papers, citations, institutions, and authors. However, it is necessary to strengthen cooperation among different authors, institutions, and countries to promote the production of important academic achievements. The research in the field currently focuses on nerve injury, apoptosis, and gene expression. Future research directions mainly involve molecular mechanisms, clinical trials, exosomes, and inflammatory reactions. Conclusion Overall, this study comprehensively analyzes the research status and frontier of miRNAs in SCI. A systematic summary provides a complete and intuitive understanding of the relationship between SCI and miRNAs. The presented findings establish a basis for future research and clinical application in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoyang Hu
- Spinal Surgery, Tongliao People's Hospital, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Computer Network Information Center, Tongliao People's Hospital, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Spinal Surgery, Tongliao People's Hospital, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Spinal Surgery, Tongliao People's Hospital, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Hongbin Zhang
- Spinal Surgery, Tongliao People's Hospital, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Spinal Surgery, Tongliao People's Hospital, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Runquan Zheng
- Bone Trauma Surgery, The 960th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Spinal Surgery, Tongliao People's Hospital, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
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Sintakova K, Romanyuk N. The role of small extracellular vesicles and microRNA as their cargo in the spinal cord injury pathophysiology and therapy. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1400413. [PMID: 38774785 PMCID: PMC11106386 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1400413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating condition with a complex pathology that affects a significant portion of the population and causes long-term consequences. After primary injury, an inflammatory cascade of secondary injury occurs, followed by neuronal cell death and glial scar formation. Together with the limited regenerative capacity of the central nervous system, these are the main reasons for the poor prognosis after SCI. Despite recent advances, there is still no effective treatment. Promising therapeutic approaches include stem cells transplantation, which has demonstrated neuroprotective and immunomodulatory effects in SCI. This positive effect is thought to be mediated by small extracellular vesicles (sEVs); membrane-bound nanovesicles involved in intercellular communication through transport of functional proteins and RNA molecules. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about sEVs and microRNA as their cargo as one of the most promising therapeutic approaches for the treatment of SCI. We provide a comprehensive overview of their role in SCI pathophysiology, neuroprotective potential and therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristyna Sintakova
- Department of Neuroregeneration, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Neuroscience, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Nataliya Romanyuk
- Department of Neuroregeneration, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
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Yu JYH, Chen TC, Danilov CA. MicroRNA-133b Dysregulation in a Mouse Model of Cervical Contusion Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3058. [PMID: 38474302 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25053058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Our previous research studies have demonstrated the role of microRNA133b (miR133b) in healing the contused spinal cord when administered either intranasally or intravenously 24 h following an injury. While our data showed beneficial effects of exogenous miR133b delivered within hours of a spinal cord injury (SCI), the kinetics of endogenous miR133b levels in the contused spinal cord and rostral/caudal segments of the injury were not fully investigated. In this study, we examined the miR133b dysregulation in a mouse model of moderate unilateral contusion injury at the fifth cervical (C5) level. Between 30 min and 7 days post-injury, mice were euthanized and tissues were collected from different areas of the spinal cord, ipsilateral and contralateral prefrontal motor cortices, and off-targets such as lung and spleen. The endogenous level of miR133b was determined by RT-qPCR. We found that after SCI, (a) most changes in miR133b level were restricted to the injured area with very limited alterations in the rostral and caudal parts relative to the injury site, (b) acute changes in the endogenous levels were predominantly specific to the lesion site with delayed miR133b changes in the motor cortex, and (c) ipsilateral and contralateral hemispheres responded differently to unilateral SCI. Our results suggest that the therapeutic window for exogenous miR133b therapy begins earlier than 24 h post-injury and potentially lasts longer than 7 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Young Ho Yu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Southern California, 1200 N State St., Suite 3300, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Thomas C Chen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Southern California, 1200 N State St., Suite 3300, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Camelia A Danilov
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Southern California, 2011 Zonal Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
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Ma CW, Wang ZQ, Ran R, Liao HY, Lyu JY, Ren Y, Lei ZY, Zhang HH. TGF-β signaling pathway in spinal cord injury: Mechanisms and therapeutic potential. J Neurosci Res 2024; 102:e25255. [PMID: 37814990 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a highly disabling central nervous system injury with a complex pathological process, resulting in severe sensory and motor dysfunction. The current treatment modalities only alleviate its symptoms and cannot effectively intervene or treat its pathological process. Many studies have reported that the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling pathway plays an important role in neuronal differentiation, growth, survival, and axonal regeneration after central nervous system injury. Furthermore, the TGF-β signaling pathway has a vital regulatory role in SCI pathophysiology and neural regeneration. Following SCI, regulation of the TGF-β signaling pathway can suppress inflammation, reduce apoptosis, prevent glial scar formation, and promote neural regeneration. Due to its role in SCI, the TGF-β signaling pathway could be a potential therapeutic target. This article reported the pathophysiology of SCI, the characteristics of the TGF-β signaling pathway, the role of the TGF-β signaling pathway in SCI, and the latest evidence for targeting the TGF-β signaling pathway for treating SCI. In addition, the limitations and difficulties in TGF-β signaling pathway research in SCI are discussed, and solutions are provided to address these potential challenges. We hope this will provide a reference for the TGF-β signaling pathway and SCI research, offering a theoretical basis for targeted therapy of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Wei Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Rui Ran
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hai-Yang Liao
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jia-Yang Lyu
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yi Ren
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ze-Yuan Lei
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hai-Hong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Wang K, Su X, Song Q, Chen Z, Chen H, Han Y, Zhu C, Shen H. The circ_006573/miR-376b-3p Axis Advances Spinal Cord Functional Recovery after Injury by Modulating Vascular Regeneration. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:4983-4999. [PMID: 37209265 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03357-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal expression of non-coding RNAs after spinal cord injury (SCI) is associated with pathophysiological outcomes. We bioinformatically predicted a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA axis in SCI. A total of 4690 mRNAs, 17 miRNAs, and 3928 circRNAs were differentially expressed, with co-expressed RNAs predicted to regulate pathways related to wound healing. Among the most highly differentially expressed circRNAs, circ_006573, but not circ_016395, weakened the viability and migration of rat aortic endothelial cells, and its biological effects were rescued with miR-376b-3p mimics. Furthermore, circ_006573 overexpression induced changes in Cebpb, IL-18, and Plscr1 expression that were reversed by miR-376b-3p. In a rat model, circ_006573 shRNA administration improved the pathological manifestations of SCI and ameliorated motor function. Moreover, the expression of CD31, CD34, and VEGF-A in spinal cord tissues was significantly elevated after circ_006573 shRNA treatment, indicating that circ_006573 may be involved in vascular regeneration and functional recovery after SCI. Thus, the circ_006573-miR-376b-3p axis offers a foundation for understanding pathophysiological mechanisms and predicting strategies for treating SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinjin Su
- Department of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingxin Song
- Department of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingchao Han
- Department of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Zhu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hongxing Shen
- Department of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Yuan F, Peng W, Yang Y, Xu J, Liu Y, Xie Y, Huang T, Shi C, Ding Y, Li C, Qin T, Xie S, Zhu F, Lu H, Huang J, Hu J. Endothelial progenitor cell-derived exosomes promote anti-inflammatory macrophages via SOCS3/JAK2/STAT3 axis and improve the outcome of spinal cord injury. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:156. [PMID: 37391774 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02833-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophage in the spinal cord injury (SCI) area imparts a chronic pro-inflammation effect that challenges the recovery of SCI. Previously, endothelial progenitor cell-produced exosomes (EPC-EXOs) have been noticed to facilitate revascularization and inflammation control after SCI. However, their effects on macrophage polarization remained unclear. This study aimed to investigate the EPC-EXOs' role in macrophage polarization and reveal its underlying mechanism. METHODS We extracted the macrophages and EPC from the bone marrow suspension of C57BL/L mice by centrifugation. After cell identification, the EPC-EXOs were collected by ultra-high-speed centrifugation and exosome extraction kits and identified by transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis. Then, macrophages were cultured with EPC-EXOs in different concentrations. We labeled the exosome to confirm its internalization by macrophage and detected the macrophage polarization marker level both in vitro and in vivo. We further estimated EPC-EXOs' protective effects on SCI by mice spinal cord tissue H&E staining and motor behavior evaluation. Finally, we performed RT-qPCR to identify the upregulated miRNA in EPC-EXOs and manipulate its expression to estimate its role in macrophage polarization, SOCS3/JAK2/STAT3 pathway activation, and motor behavior improvement. RESULTS We found that EPC-EXOs decreased the macrophages' pro-inflammatory marker expression and increased their anti-inflammatory marker expression on the 7 and 14 days after SCI. The spinal cord H&E staining results showed that EPC-EXOs raised the tissue-sparing area rate significantly after 28 days of SCI and the motor behavior evaluation indicated an increased BMS score and motor-evoked potential by EPC-EXOs treatment after SCI. The RT-qPCR assay identified that miR-222-3P upregulated in EPC-EXOs and its miRNA-mimic also decreased the pro-inflammatory macrophages and increased the anti-inflammatory macrophages. Additionally, miR-222-3P mimic activated the SOCS3/JAK2/STAT3 pathway, and SOCS3/JAK2/STAT3 pathway inhibition blocked miR-2223P's effects on macrophage polarization and mouse motor behavior. CONCLUSION Comprehensively, we discovered that EPC-EXOs-derived miR-222-3p affected macrophage polarization via SOCS3/JAK2/STAT3 pathway and promoted mouse functional repair after SCI, which reveals EPC-EXOs' role in modulation of macrophage phenotype and will provide a novel interventional strategy to induce post-SCI recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Yuan
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Department of Spine Surgery, Wuxi Ninth People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuying Yang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Jiaqi Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yudong Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yong Xie
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Tingmo Huang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Chaoran Shi
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yinghe Ding
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Chengjun Li
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Tian Qin
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Shanshan Xie
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Fengzhang Zhu
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Hongbin Lu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Jianjun Huang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Ningde City Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Ningde, China.
| | - Jianzhong Hu
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
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Zhang Q, Li G, Kong J, Dai J, Fan Z, Li J. miR‑222-3p reduces neuronal cell apoptosis and alleviates spinal cord injury by inhibiting Bbc3 and Bim. Neurosci Res 2023; 188:39-50. [PMID: 36328305 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2022.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe traumatic event, but without any established effective treatment because of the irreversible neuronal death. Here, we investigated the role of miR-222-3p in neuronal apoptosis following SCI. Rat SCI models and neuron hypoxia models were accordingly established. The Bbc3, Bim, Bcl-2, Bax, cleaved-caspase 3, cleaved-caspase 9, Cytochrome c, and miR-222-3p expression levels were examined by Western blotting and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The possible association between miR-222-3p and Bbc3/Bim was analyzed by dual-luciferase assay. The neuron viability was assessed by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and Nissl's staining. Live cell staining was performed to detect the mitochondrial membrane potential and neuronal apoptosis. Rat locomotor function was assessed using the Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan scores. Cytochrome c was outflowed from the mitochondria after SCI or hypoxia treatment, and Bbc3, Bim, Bax, cleaved-caspase 9, and cleaved-caspase 3 were significantly upregulated, while Bcl-2 and miR-222-3p were decreased remarkably. Meanwhile, neuronal cell viability was significantly inhibited. Treatment of miR-222-3p significantly suppressed the Cytochrome c efflux and neuronal apoptosis and improved neuronal cell viability and motor function in SCI rats. Moreover, we found that Bbc3 and Bim were the direct targets of miR-222-3p. Overall, our data suggest that miR-222-3p could alleviate the mitochondrial pathway-mediated apoptosis and motor dysfunction in rats after SCI by targeting Bbc3 and Bim.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangqiang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266035, China
| | - Jundong Kong
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, China
| | - Junyu Dai
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, China
| | - Zhongkai Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, China.
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, China.
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10
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Zhang C, Talifu Z, Xu X, Liu W, Ke H, Pan Y, Li Y, Bai F, Jing Y, Li Z, Li Z, Yang D, Gao F, Du L, Li J, Yu Y. MicroRNAs in spinal cord injury: A narrative review. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1099256. [PMID: 36818651 PMCID: PMC9931912 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1099256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a global medical problem with high disability and mortality rates. At present, the diagnosis and treatment of SCI are still lacking. Spinal cord injury has a complex etiology, lack of diagnostic methods, poor treatment effect and other problems, which lead to the difficulty of spinal cord regeneration and repair, and poor functional recovery. Recent studies have shown that gene expression plays an important role in the regulation of SCI repair. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNA molecules that target mRNA expression in order to silence, translate, or interfere with protein synthesis. Secondary damage, such as oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, and inflammation, occurs after SCI, and differentially expressed miRNAs contribute to these events. This article reviews the pathophysiological mechanism of miRNAs in secondary injury after SCI, focusing on the mechanism of miRNAs in secondary neuroinflammation after SCI, so as to provide new ideas and basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of miRNAs in SCI. The mechanisms of miRNAs in neurological diseases may also make them potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for spinal cord injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunjia Zhang
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Zuliyaer Talifu
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China,School of Rehabilitation Sciences and Engineering, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xin Xu
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Wubo Liu
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China,Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Han Ke
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China,Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yunzhu Pan
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China,School of Rehabilitation Sciences and Engineering, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yan Li
- China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Bai
- China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Yingli Jing
- China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Zihan Li
- China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Zehui Li
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Degang Yang
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Gao
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Liangjie Du
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Jianjun Li
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China,School of Rehabilitation Sciences and Engineering, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China,*Correspondence: Jianjun Li,
| | - Yan Yu
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China,Yan Yu,
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11
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Liu X, Zhang L, Xu Z, Xiong X, Yu Y, Wu H, Qiao H, Zhong J, Zhao Z, Dai J, Suo G. A functionalized collagen-I scaffold delivers microRNA 21-loaded exosomes for spinal cord injury repair. Acta Biomater 2022; 154:385-400. [PMID: 36270583 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA)-based therapies have shown great potential in the repair of spinal cord injury (SCI). MicroRNA 21 (miR21) has been proven to have an essential protective effect on SCI. However, there are some challenges for miRNAs application due to their easy degradation and ineffective cell penetration. As natural vesicles, exosomes were considered ideal carriers for miRNAs delivery for their advantages of low immunogenicity, inherent stability and tissue/cell penetration. However, poor targeting and the low capacity of specific miRNAs impede their practical applications. This study aims to develop a type of genetically engineered miR21-loaded exosomes that can be entrapped in collagen-I (Col-I) scaffold to repair SCI. The collagen-binding domain (CBD)-fused lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2b (Lamp2b) protein (CBD-LP) and miR21 were overexpressed in host HEK293T (293T) cells that were used to produce engineered miR21-loaded exosomes. The CBD peptide fused in Lamp2b on the exosome surface can stably tether exosomes to Col-I scaffold, facilitate the retention of miR21-loaded exosomes in lesion sites, promote the sustained release of miR21 to cells. Finally, a functionalized Col-I scaffold biomaterial enriched with miR21-loaded exosomes was developed and it could benefit the repair of SCI. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: MiRNA-based therapeutics have promising potential in spinal cord injury (SCI) repair. However, easy degradation and ineffective cell penetration impede miRNAs application. Exosomes are natural vehicles for miRNAs delivery but face the challenge of diffusion in vivo. Here, the collagen-binding domain (CBD)-fused Lamp2b and miR21 were overexpressed in HEK293T cells to produce miR21-loaded and CBD-modified exosomes (CBD-LP-miR21-EXOs). The CBD modified on the exosome surface can stably tether exosomes to collagen-I scaffold to form functionalized CBD-LP-miR21-EXO-Col scaffold that can facilitate the retention of miR21-loaded exosomes, promote the sustained release of miR21 to cells and finally benefit SCI repair. Furthermore, this type of functionalized collagen-I materials can be widely applied for other tissue injury repairs by enriching the CBD-LP-EXOs loaded with appropriate miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingzhi Liu
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhongjuan Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xuan Xiong
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yanzhen Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hanfei Wu
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hong Qiao
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Junjie Zhong
- Fudan University Huashan Hospital, Dept. of Neurosurgery, National Center for Neurological Disorders, National Key Lab. for Medical Neurobiology, Shanghai Key Lab. of Brain Function and Regeneration, Institutes of Brain Science, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College-Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jianwu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular, Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Guangli Suo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China.
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12
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Malvandi AM, Rastegar-Moghaddam SH, Ebrahimzadeh-Bideskan S, Lombardi G, Ebrahimzadeh-Bideskan A, Mohammadipour A. Targeting miR-21 in spinal cord injuries: a game-changer? Mol Med 2022; 28:118. [PMID: 36138359 PMCID: PMC9502625 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00546-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating neurological state causing physical disability, psychological stress and financial burden. SCI global rate is estimated between 250,000 and 500,000 individuals every year, of which 60% of victims are young, healthy males between 15 and 35 years. A variety of pathological conditions such as neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis, glial scar formation, blood-spinal cord barrier disruption, and angiogenesis disruption occur after SCI leading to a limitation in recovery. MicroRNAs (miRs) are endogenous and non-coding RNAs consisting of 22 nucleotides that regulate 60% of all human genes and involve several normal physiological processes and pathological conditions. miR-21 is among the most highly expressed miRs and its expression has been shown to increase one day after SCI and this elevation is sustained up to 28 days after injury. Overexpression of miR-21 exerts many protective effects against SCI by inhibiting neuroinflammation, improving blood-spinal cord barrier function, regulating angiogenesis, and controlling glial scar formation. It also exhibits anti-apoptotic effects in SCI by down-regulating the expression of PTEN, Spry2, and PDCD4. This review provides a novel therapeutic perspective for miR-21 in SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Mohammad Malvandi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via Cristina Belgioioso 173, 20157, Milan, Italy.
| | - Seyed Hamidreza Rastegar-Moghaddam
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Azadi Sq, Vakilabad Blvd, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Giovanni Lombardi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via Cristina Belgioioso 173, 20157, Milan, Italy.,Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznań University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Alireza Ebrahimzadeh-Bideskan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Azadi Sq, Vakilabad Blvd, Mashhad, Iran.,Applied Biomedical Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abbas Mohammadipour
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Azadi Sq, Vakilabad Blvd, Mashhad, Iran.,Applied Biomedical Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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13
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Ebrahimy N, Gasterich N, Behrens V, Amini J, Fragoulis A, Beyer C, Zhao W, Sanadgol N, Zendedel A. Neuroprotective effect of the Nrf2/ARE/miRNA145-5p signaling pathway in the early phase of spinal cord injury. Life Sci 2022; 304:120726. [PMID: 35750202 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a debilitating neurological condition often associated with chronic neuroinflammation and redox imbalance. Oxidative stress is one of the main hallmark of secondary injury of SCI which is tightly regulated by nuclear factor E2-related factor 2/antioxidant response element (Nrf2/ARE) signaling. In this study, we aimed at investigating the interplay between inflammation-related miRNAs and the Nrf2 pathway in animal model of SCI. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression of selected four validated miRNA-target pairs (miRNA223-3p, miRNA155-5p, miRNA145-5p, and miRNA124-3p) was examined at different time points (6 h, 12 h, 1 day, 3 day and 7 day) after SCI. Further, using GFAP-specific kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 deletion (Keap1-/-) and whole-body Nrf2-/- knockout mice, we investigated the potential interplay between each miRNA and the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling system. KEY FINDINGS The expression of all miRNAs except miRNA155-5p significantly increased 24 h after SCI and decreased after 7 days. Interestingly, Keap1-/- mice only showed significant increase in the miRNA145-5p after 24 h SCI compared to the WT group. In addition, Keap1-/- mice showed significant decrease in CXCL10/12 (CXCL12 increased in Nrf2-/- mice), and TNF-α, and an increase in Mn-SOD and NQO-1 (Mn-SOD and NQO-1 decreased in Nrf2-/- mice) compared to WT mice. SIGNIFICANCE Our results suggest that astrocytic hyperactivation of Nrf2 exert neuroprotective effects at least in part through the upregulation of miRNA145-5p, a negative regulator of astrocyte proliferation, and induction of ARE in early phase of SCI. Further studies are needed to investigate the potential interplay between Nrf2 and miRNA145-5p in neuroinflammatory condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahal Ebrahimy
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Victoria Behrens
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Javad Amini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Molecular Science, North Khorasan University of Medical Science, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Athanassios Fragoulis
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Cordian Beyer
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Weiyi Zhao
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nima Sanadgol
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Adib Zendedel
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
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14
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Arzhanov I, Sintakova K, Romanyuk N. The Role of miR-20 in Health and Disease of the Central Nervous System. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091525. [PMID: 35563833 PMCID: PMC9100679 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Current understanding of the mechanisms underlying central nervous system (CNS) injury is limited, and traditional therapeutic methods lack a molecular approach either to prevent acute phase or secondary damage, or to support restorative mechanisms in the nervous tissue. microRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, non-coding RNA molecules that have recently been discovered as fundamental and post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. The capacity of microRNAs to regulate the cell state and function through post-transcriptionally silencing hundreds of genes are being acknowledged as an important factor in the pathophysiology of both acute and chronic CNS injuries. In this study, we have summarized the knowledge concerning the pathophysiology of several neurological disorders, and the role of most canonical miRNAs in their development. We have focused on the miR-20, the miR-17~92 family to which miR-20 belongs, and their function in the normal development and disease of the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Arzhanov
- Department of Neuroregeneration, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (I.A.); (K.S.)
- Department of Neuroscience, 2nd Medical Faculty, Charles University, 150 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Sintakova
- Department of Neuroregeneration, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (I.A.); (K.S.)
- Department of Neuroscience, 2nd Medical Faculty, Charles University, 150 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Nataliya Romanyuk
- Department of Neuroregeneration, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (I.A.); (K.S.)
- Correspondence:
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15
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Zu C, Li J, He X, Ji L, Li X. Identification of a circRNA-mediated comprehensive ceRNA network in spinal cord injury pathogenesis. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2022; 247:931-944. [PMID: 35410505 DOI: 10.1177/15353702221082929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
RNAs are closely associated with human diseases; however, immune-related genes (IRGs) and their potential regulatory networks in relation to spinal cord injury (SCI) are still poorly understood. Here, we investigated the key IRGs as well as the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) mechanisms that are associated with SCI pathogenesis based on microarray datasets and the use of a rat SCI model. Specifically, four independent SCI microarray datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were analyzed and, thereafter, differentially expressed IRGs were annotated via Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. Furthermore, based on the GEO datasets, differentially expressed RNAs (DERNAs), including DEcircRNAs, DEmiRNAs, and DEmRNAs were identified and interactions between them were also predicted using online databases, and to construct a circular RNA (circRNA) mediated ceRNA network, candidate RNAs were also identified. Furthermore, the support vector machine (SVM) and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) methods were used for the identification of critical DERNAs, while differential gene expression was validated using the GSE20907 dataset. Our results were as follows. In the SCI microarray datasets, 32, 58, and 74 DEIRGs, DEcircRNAs, and DEmiRNAs were identified, respectively. In addition, GO and KEGG analyses showed that the DEIRGs were primarily enriched in neutrophil-mediated immunity and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) signaling pathways, and based on LASSO and SVM screening, PLXNB2 was identified as a DEIRG, while hsa_circ_0026646 was identified as the key circRNA, showing a higher SCI expression. Furthermore, our results proved that PLXNB2 and hsa_circ_0026646 were upregulated in SCI, whereas miR-331-3p was downregulated, and, interestingly, similar expression profiles were confirmed using the rat SCI model. Furthermore, fluorescent reporter assay indicated that both hsa_circ_0026646 and PLXNB2 have miR-331-3p target sites, and the ceRNA hypothesis suggested the dysregulation of hsa_circ_0026646, miR-331-3p, and PLXNB2 in SCI. Thus, our results suggested that in SCI pathogenesis, hsa_circ_0026646 correlates with PLXNB2 by targeting miR-331-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwestern Polytechnical University and Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710068, China
| | - Jingyuan Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwestern Polytechnical University and Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710068, China
| | - Xijing He
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
- Orthopaedic Hospital, Xi'an International Rehabilitation Medical Center, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - Le Ji
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwestern Polytechnical University and Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710068, China
| | - Xia Li
- Basic Medical College, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
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16
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Spinal cord injury: a study protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of microRNA alterations. Syst Rev 2022; 11:61. [PMID: 35382886 PMCID: PMC8985297 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-022-01921-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating condition with no current neurorestorative treatments. Clinical trials have been hampered by a lack of meaningful diagnostic and prognostic markers of injury severity and neurologic recovery. Objective biomarkers and novel therapies for SCI represent urgent unmet clinical needs. Biomarkers of SCI that objectively stratify the severity of cord damage could expand the depth and scope of clinical trials and represent targets for the development of novel therapies for acute SCI. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent promising candidates both as informative molecules of injury severity and recovery, and as therapeutic targets. miRNAs are small, regulatory RNA molecules that are tissue-specific and evolutionarily conserved across species. miRNAs have been shown to represent powerful predictors of pathology, particularly with respect to neurologic disorders. METHODS Studies investigating miRNA alterations in all species of animal models and human studies of acute, traumatic SCI will be identified from PubMed, Embase, and Scopus. We aim to identify whether SCI is associated with a specific pattern of miRNA expression that is conserved across species, and whether SCI is associated with a tissue- or cell type-specific pattern of miRNA expression. The inclusion criteria for this study will include (1) studies published anytime, (2) including all species, and sexes with acute, traumatic SCI, (3) relating to the alteration of miRNA after SCI, using molecular-based detection platforms including qRT-PCR, microarray, and RNA-sequencing, (4) including statistically significant miRNA alterations in tissues, such as spinal cord, serum/plasma, and/or CSF, and (5) studies with a SHAM surgery group. Articles included in the review will have their titles, abstracts, and full texts reviewed by two independent authors. Random effects meta-regression will be performed, which allows for within-study and between-study variability, on the miRNA expression after SCI or SHAM surgery. We will analyze both the cumulative pooled dataset, as well as datasets stratified by species, tissue type, and timepoint to identify miRNA alterations that are specifically related to the injured spinal cord. We aim to identify SCI-related miRNA that are specifically altered both within a species, and those that are evolutionarily conserved across species, including humans. The analyses will provide a description of the evolutionarily conserved miRNA signature of the pathophysiological response to SCI. DISCUSSION Here, we present a protocol to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the conserved inter- and intra-species miRNA changes that occur due to acute, traumatic SCI. This review seeks to serve as a valuable resource for the SCI community by establishing a rigorous and unbiased description of miRNA changes after SCI for the next generation of SCI biomarkers and therapeutic interventions. TRIAL REGISTRATION The protocol for the systematic review and meta-analysis has been registered through PROSPERO: CRD42021222552 .
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17
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Wang W, Ma L, Li J, Yang S, Yi Z, Sun M, Chen J, Xie W. Identification and coregulation pattern analysis of long noncoding RNAs following subacute spinal cord injury. J Orthop Res 2022; 40:661-673. [PMID: 33991009 PMCID: PMC9291281 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been demonstrated to play critical regulatory roles in posttranscriptional and transcriptional regulation in eukaryotic cells. However, the characteristics of many lncRNAs, particularly their expression patterns in the lesion epicenter of spinal tissues following subacute spinal cord injury (SCI), remain unclear. In this study, we determined the expression profiles of lncRNAs in the lesion epicenter of spinal tissues after traumatic SCI and predicted latent regulatory networks. Standard Allen's drop surgery was conducted on mice, and hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to observe the damaged area. High-throughput sequencing was performed to identify the differential expression profiles of lncRNAs. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was conducted to evaluate the quality of the sequencing results. Bioinformatics analyses, including Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis, coexpression analysis, and protein-protein interaction analysis, were performed. Targeted binding of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA was predicted by TargetScan and miRanda. A total of 230 differentially expressed lncRNAs were identified and preliminarily verified, and some potential regulatory networks were constructed. These findings improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlying subacute SCI; differentially expressed lncRNAs are closely involved in pathophysiological processes by regulating multiple pathways. Further studies are essential for revealing the exact mechanism underlying competing endogenous RNA pathways in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Liang Ma
- Department of OrthopedicAffiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanShandongChina
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Orthopedics, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Shang‐You Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryUniversity of Kansas School of Medicine‐WichitaWichitaKansasUSA
| | - Zheng Yi
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Mingjie Sun
- Department of OrthopedicJinan Central Hospital affiliated to Shandong UniversityJinanShandongChina
| | - Jianan Chen
- Department of OrthopedicJinan Central Hospital affiliated to Shandong UniversityJinanShandongChina
| | - Wei Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina,Department Emergency MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical UniversityTaianShandongChina
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18
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Jiang L, Wei ZC, Xu LL, Yu SY, Li C. Inhibition of miR-145-5p Reduces Spinal Cord Injury-Induced Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Responses via Affecting Nurr1-TNF-α Signaling Axis. Cell Biochem Biophys 2021; 79:791-799. [PMID: 34133012 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-021-00992-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation and oxidative stress feature prominently in the secondary spinal cord injury (SCI). The present work is targeted at deciphering miR-145-5p's role and underlying mechanism in SCI. We randomly divided Sprague-Dawley rats into SCI group and control group. Microglial BV2 cells were separated into control group and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment group. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was carried out for determining the concentrations of interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). The expressions of malondialdehyde, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and reactive oxygen species were also detected. TNF-α, miR-145-5p, and Nurr1 expressions were examined by western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Western blotting and dual-luciferase reporter gene assay were conducted to examine the regulating impact that miR-145-5p had on Nurr1 and TNF-α. MiR-145-5p was remarkably upregulated in the SCI rat model's spinal cord tissues and BV2 cells treated with LPS, and Nurr1 expression was dramatically lowered. Furthermore, miR-145-5p inhibition markedly repressed inflammatory and oxidative stress responses. Moreover, it was proved that Nurr1 was a direct miR-145-5p target. The inhibition of miR-145-5p helped promote Nurr1 expression to block TNF-α signaling. MiR-145-5p inhibition mitigates inflammation and oxidative stress via targeting Nurr1 to regulate TNF-α signaling, which ameliorates SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rizhao Central Hospital, Rizhao, 276800, Shandong, China.
| | - Zeng-Chun Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Rizhao Central Hospital, Rizhao, 276800, Shandong, China
| | - Li-Li Xu
- Department of ICU, Rizhao Central Hospital, Rizhao, 276800, Shandong, China
| | - Shan-Ying Yu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Rizhao Central Hospital, Rizhao, 276800, Shandong, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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Zawadzka M, Kwaśniewska A, Miazga K, Sławińska U. Perspectives in the Cell-Based Therapies of Various Aspects of the Spinal Cord Injury-Associated Pathologies: Lessons from the Animal Models. Cells 2021; 10:cells10112995. [PMID: 34831217 PMCID: PMC8616284 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic injury of the spinal cord (SCI) is a devastating neurological condition often leading to severe dysfunctions, therefore an improvement in clinical treatment for SCI patients is urgently needed. The potential benefits of transplantation of various cell types into the injured spinal cord have been intensively investigated in preclinical SCI models and clinical trials. Despite the many challenges that are still ahead, cell transplantation alone or in combination with other factors, such as artificial matrices, seems to be the most promising perspective. Here, we reviewed recent advances in cell-based experimental strategies supporting or restoring the function of the injured spinal cord with a particular focus on the regenerative mechanisms that could define their clinical translation.
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20
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Zhang H, Yu H, Yang H, Zhan Y, Liu X. miR-378-3p alleviates contusion spinal cord injury by negatively regulating ATG12. Int J Exp Pathol 2021; 102:200-208. [PMID: 34709686 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) serve essential roles in the pathogenic process of spinal cord injury (SCI). The present study investigated the role of miR-378-3p and autophagy-related 12 (ATG12) in SCI. RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of miR-378-3p and ATG12. Cell viability and membrane integrity were evaluated using CCK-8 and LDH assays. For the analysis of the interaction between miR-378-3p and ATG12, a dual-luciferase reporter assay was conducted. The hindlimb function of rats was detected with the Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan score, and the motor deficit index score was used to evaluate nerve function. Using these approaches, it was identified that miR-378-3p expression was downregulated, while that of ATG12 was upregulated in SCI tissues and in cells exposed to hypoxia. Hypoxia repressed the expression of miR-378-3p via hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α. The overexpression of miR-378-3p exerted anti-apoptotic effects on nerve cells by directly repressing ATG12. The infusion of miR-378-3p improved hindlimb motor function and the neurological functions of rats with contusion SCI, which contributed to amelioration of functional deficits and the relief of contusion SCI. Therefore, it was concluded that upregulated expression of miR-378-3p in PC12 or N2A cells repressed the apoptosis of nerve cells, and the administration of miR-378-3p in model rats with contusion SCI improved neurological and motor functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haocong Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Hailong Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Huifeng Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Zhan
- Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinwei Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
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21
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Nie H, Jiang Z. Bone mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles deliver microRNA-23b to alleviate spinal cord injury by targeting toll-like receptor TLR4 and inhibiting NF-κB pathway activation. Bioengineered 2021; 12:8157-8172. [PMID: 34663169 PMCID: PMC8806461 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1977562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (BMSC-EVs) are known for recovery of injured tissues. We investigated the possible mechanism of BMSC-EVs in spinal cord injury (SCI). EVs were isolated from BMSCs and injected into SCI rats to evaluate the recovery of hindlimb motor function. The spinal cord tissue was stained after modeling to analyze spinal cord structure and inflammatory cell infiltration and detect microRNA (miR)-23b expression. The activity of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BV2 inflammatory cells was detected. The protein contents of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in spinal cord and BV2 cells were measured. Western blot analysis was used to detect the level of toll-like receptor (TLR)4, p65, p-p65, iNOS, and Arg1 in spinal cord tissue and cells. TLR4 was overexpressed in rats and cells to evaluate the content of inflammatory cytokines. After EV treatment, the motor function of SCI rats was improved, SCI was relieved, and miR-23b expression was increased. After treatment with EV-miR-23b, iNOS, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α contents were decreased, while Arg1 and IL-10 were increased. The levels of TLR4 and p-p65 in spinal cord and BV2 cells were decreased. The rescue experiments verified that after overexpression of TLR4, the activity of BV2 cells was decreased, the contents of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and p-p65 were increased, IL-10 was decreased, and SCI was aggravated. To conclude, The miR-23b delivered by BMSC-EVs targets TLR4 and inhibits the activation of NF-κB pathway, relieves the inflammatory response, so as to improve SCI in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfei Nie
- Department of Pain Management, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, China
| | - Zhensong Jiang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan Shandong, China
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22
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Begenisic T, Pavese C, Aiachini B, Nardone A, Rossi D. Dynamics of biomarkers across the stages of traumatic spinal cord injury - implications for neural plasticity and repair. Restor Neurol Neurosci 2021; 39:339-366. [PMID: 34657853 DOI: 10.3233/rnn-211169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is a complex medical condition causing significant physical disability and psychological distress. While the adult spinal cord is characterized by poor regenerative potential, some recovery of neurological function is still possible through activation of neural plasticity mechanisms. We still have limited knowledge about the activation of these mechanisms in the different stages after human SCI. OBJECTIVE In this review, we discuss the potential role of biomarkers of SCI as indicators of the plasticity mechanisms at work during the different phases of SCI. METHODS An extensive review of literature related to SCI pathophysiology, neural plasticity and humoral biomarkers was conducted by consulting the PubMed database. Research and review articles from SCI animal models and SCI clinical trials published in English until January 2021 were reviewed. The selection of candidates for humoral biomarkers of plasticity after SCI was based on the following criteria: 1) strong evidence supporting involvement in neural plasticity (mandatory); 2) evidence supporting altered expression after SCI (optional). RESULTS Based on selected findings, we identified two main groups of potential humoral biomarkers of neural plasticity after SCI: 1) neurotrophic factors including: Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), Nerve growth factor (NGF), Neurotrofin-3 (NT-3), and Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1); 2) other factors including: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs), and MicroRNAs (miRNAs). Plasticity changes associated with these biomarkers often can be both adaptive (promoting functional improvement) and maladaptive. This dual role seems to be influenced by their concentrations and time-window during SCI. CONCLUSIONS Further studies of dynamics of biomarkers across the stages of SCI are necessary to elucidate the way in which they reflect the remodeling of neural pathways. A better knowledge about the mechanisms underlying plasticity could guide the selection of more appropriate therapeutic strategies to enhance positive spinal network reorganization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Begenisic
- Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Chiara Pavese
- Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Neurorehabilitation and Spinal Units, ICS Maugeri SPA SB, Institute of Pavia, IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Beatrice Aiachini
- Neurorehabilitation and Spinal Units, ICS Maugeri SPA SB, Institute of Pavia, IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonio Nardone
- Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Neurorehabilitation and Spinal Units, ICS Maugeri SPA SB, Institute of Pavia, IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniela Rossi
- Laboratory for Research on Neurodegenerative Disorders, ICS Maugeri SPA SB, Institute of Pavia, IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
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23
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Liu R, Peng Z, Zhang Y, Li R, Wang Y. Upregulation of miR‑128 inhibits neuronal cell apoptosis following spinal cord injury via FasL downregulation by repressing ULK1. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:667. [PMID: 34296305 PMCID: PMC8335739 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is characterized by permanent motor deficits followed by inflammation and oxidative stress, causing neuronal cell death. The present study aimed to investigate the role of microRNA (miR)‑128 in neuronal cell apoptosis and its underlying mechanism. Targeting relationships among miR‑128 and Unc‑51 like autophagy activating kinase 1 (ULK1) and Fas ligand (FasL) were verified using dual‑luciferase reporter assay and ChIP assays. Loss‑ and gain‑of‑function assays were conducted in rat models of SCI to determine the roles of miR‑128 and ULK1 in neuronal cell apoptosis, inflammation, and motor function. Apoptosis, motor function and expression of inflammatory factors were respectively determined by Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‑mediated dUTp nick end‑labeling, Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan (BBB) score and enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, Nissl staining and immunofluorescence were respectively performed to observe morphological changes and number of neurons and nestin‑positive cells. The neuronal cells were isolated from neuron injury models and cultured in vitro. MTT and flow cytometry was conducted to determine the neuronal cell viability and apoptosis respectively. miR‑128 was downregulated whereas ULK1 was upregulated in rats with SCI. Overexpression of miR‑128 or downregulation of ULK1 inhibited neuronal cell apoptosis and inflammation as evidenced by an increased BBB score and more neurons and nestin‑positive cells, but reduced expression of inflammatory and apoptosis‑related factors. ULK1 was negatively regulated by miR‑128, whereas FasL was positively regulated by ULK1. In vitro experiments validated the roles of miR‑128 and ULK1 in neuronal cell differentiation and apoptosis. In conclusion, the upregulation of miR‑128 depresses neuronal cell apoptosis by downregulating ULK1, thereby attenuating SCI via the downregulation of FasL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixuan Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Zhibin Peng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Yubo Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256603, P.R. China
| | - Yansong Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
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24
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Zhang A, Bai Z, Yi W, Hu Z, Hao J. Overexpression of miR-338-5p in exosomes derived from mesenchymal stromal cells provides neuroprotective effects by the Cnr1/Rap1/Akt pathway after spinal cord injury in rats. Neurosci Lett 2021; 761:136124. [PMID: 34302891 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence has shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in the physiopathology of spinal cord injury (SCI). Recent studies have confirmed that miR-338-5p regulates myelination, suggesting a potential role in the treatment of SCI. However, the molecular mechanism of miR-338-5p on SCI is still unknown. Recently, exosomes have emerged as an ideal vector to deliver therapeutic molecules such as miRNAs. Here, we explored the effects of miR-338-5p-overexpressing exosomes derived from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) on SCI. In vivo, a model of contusion SCI in rats was established, and we observed that overexpression of miR-338-5p in exosomes profoundly increased the expression levels of neurofilament protein-M and growth-associated protein-43 and decreased those of myelin-associated glycoprotein and glial fibrillary acidic protein, which provided neuroprotective effects after acute SCI. In an in vitro study, we found that overexpression of miR-338-5p in exosomes repressed cell apoptosis following H2O2-induced oxidative stress injury in PC12 cells. Additionally, we confirmed that cannabinoid receptor 1 (Cnr1) was the target gene of miR-338-5p by dual-luciferase reporter assays and that Rap1 was the downstream gene by the KEGG pathway analysis. We found that miR-338-5p increased cAMP accumulation as a consequence of downregulated expression of the target gene Cnr1, and then, Rap1 was activated by cAMP. Eventually, the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway attenuated cell apoptosis and promoted neuronal survival by cAMP-mediated Rap1 activation. In brief, these findings showed that exosomes overexpressing miR-338-5p were a promising treatment strategy for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400000, PR China
| | - Zhibiao Bai
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 325000, PR China
| | - Weiwei Yi
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400000, PR China
| | - Zhenming Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400000, PR China
| | - Jie Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400000, PR China.
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25
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Zhang Y, Meng T, Chen J, Zhang Y, Kang J, Li X, Yu G, Tian L, Jin Z, Dong H, Zhang X, Ning B. miR-21a-5p Promotes Inflammation following Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury through Upregulation of Neurotoxic Reactive Astrocyte (A1) Polarization by Inhibiting the CNTF/STAT3/Nkrf Pathway. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:2795-2810. [PMID: 34345208 PMCID: PMC8326122 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.60509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive astrocytes are implicated in traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI). Interestingly, naïve astrocytes can easily transform into neurotoxic reactive astrocytes (A1s) with inflammatory stimulation. Previous studies demonstrated that microRNA(miR)-21a-5p was up-regulated in spinal cord tissue after TSCI; however, it is not clear whether this affected reactive astrocyte polarization. Here, we aim to detect the effects of miR-21a-5p on the induction of A1 formation and the underlying mechanisms. Our study found that the expression of miR-21a-5p was significantly increased while that of Cntfr α was decreased, since naïve astrocytes transformed into A1s 3 days post-TSCI; the binding site between miR-21a-5p and Cntfr α was further confirmed in astrocytes. After treatment with CNTF, the levels of A1 markers decreased while that of A2 increased. The expression of A1 markers significantly decreased with the downregulation of miR-21a-5p, while Cntfr α siRNA treatment caused the opposite both in vitro and in vivo. To summarize, miR-21a-5p/Cntfr α promotes A1 induction and might enhance the inflammatory process of TSCI; furthermore, we identified, for the first time, the effect and potential mechanism by which CNTF inhibits naïve astrocytes transformation into A1s. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that targeting miR-21a-5p represents a prospective therapy for promoting the recovery of TSCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Zhang
- Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
| | - Tingting Meng
- Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No.105, Jiefang Road, Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
| | - Jianan Chen
- Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No.105, Jiefang Road, Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No.105, Jiefang Road, Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
| | - Jianning Kang
- Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No.105, Jiefang Road, Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
| | - Guilian Yu
- Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No.105, Jiefang Road, Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
| | - Lige Tian
- Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No.105, Jiefang Road, Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
| | - Zhengxin Jin
- Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
| | - Hui Dong
- Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No.105, Jiefang Road, Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
| | - Xiaodi Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Bin Ning
- Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
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26
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Circular RNA Plek promotes fibrogenic activation by regulating the miR-135b-5p/TGF-βR1 axis after spinal cord injury. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:13211-13224. [PMID: 33982670 PMCID: PMC8148484 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: The spinal cord rarely repairs itself when damaged; however, methods for encouraging nerves to regrow are on the horizon. Although circular RNAs (circRNAs) contribute to various biological processes, including neuronal processes, their functions in the subacute phase of spinal cord injury (SCI) have not been elucidated. In this study, we identified a novel circRNA, named CircPlek, with increased expression in spinal tissues after SCI. Materials and Methods: We predicted a regulatory relationship between CircPlek and miR-135b-5p, which showed the most obvious decrease in post-SCI expression. We established the CircPlek/miR-135b-5p/transforming growth factor-beta receptor type I (TGF-βR1) axis using a bioinformatics approach and further evaluated the potential function of the interaction network in vitro. Results: We confirmed that in TGF-β1-induced fibroblasts, the overexpression of miR-135b-5p or/and inhibition of CircPlek inhibited fibrosis activation via the Smad pathway. Inhibitors of miR-135b-5p had antagonistic effects on CircPlek. Conclusions: the CircPlek/miR-135b-5p/TGF-βR1 axis may exert important functions in SCI and is a potential therapeutic target.
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27
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Guo XD, He XG, Yang FG, Liu MQ, Wang YD, Zhu DX, Zhang GZ, Ma ZJ, Kang XW. Research progress on the regulatory role of microRNAs in spinal cord injury. Regen Med 2021; 16:465-476. [PMID: 33955796 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2020-0125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe CNS injury that results in abnormalities in, or loss of, motor, sensory and autonomic nervous function. miRNAs belong to a new class of noncoding RNA that regulates the production of proteins and biological function of cells by silencing translation or interfering with the expression of target mRNAs. Following SCI, miRNAs related to oxidative stress, inflammation, autophagy, apoptosis and many other secondary injuries are differentially expressed, and these miRNAs play an important role in the progression of secondary injuries after SCI. The purpose of this review is to elucidate the differential expression and functional roles of miRNAs after SCI, thus providing references for further research on miRNAs in SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Dong Guo
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.,Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Xue-Gang He
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.,Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Feng-Guang Yang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.,Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Ming-Qiang Liu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.,Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Yi-Dian Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.,Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Da-Xue Zhu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.,Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Guang-Zhi Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.,Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Zhan-Jun Ma
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.,Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Xue-Wen Kang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.,Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.,The International Cooperation Base of Gansu Province for The Pain Research in Spinal Disorders, Gansu 730000, PR China
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Zhao K, Li R, Ruan Q, Meng C, Yin F, Zhu Q. microRNA-125b and its downstream Smurf1/KLF2/ATF2 axis as important promoters on neurological function recovery in rats with spinal cord injury. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:5924-5939. [PMID: 33951295 PMCID: PMC8256357 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of microRNA-125b (miR-125b) and its mechanism in spinal cord injury (SCI) by targeting Smurf1. After loss- and gain-function approaches were conducted in SCI rat models and neural stem cells (NSCs) isolated from foetal rats, the Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) score was calculated, and related protein expression was determined by Western blot analysis and cell apoptosis by TUNEL staining. NSC viability was detected by CCK-8, migration abilities by Transwell assay and apoptosis by flow cytometry. The relationship between miR-125b, Smurf1 and KLF2 was evaluated by dual-luciferase reporter gene experiments, Co-IP and in vivo ubiquitin modification assays. Inhibition of miR-125b and KLF2 and the up-regulation of Smurf1 and ATF2 were observed in SCI rats. BBB scores were elevated, the expression of Nestin, NeuN, GFAP, NF-200 and Bcl-2 protein was enhanced but that of Bax protein was reduced, and cell apoptosis was inhibited in SCI rats after up-regulating miR-125b or silencing ATF2. Smurf1 was a target gene of miR-125b, which promoted KLF2 degradation through its E3 ubiquitin ligase function, and KLF2 repressed the expression of ATF2 in NSCs. The results in vivo were replicated in vitro. miR-125b overexpression promotes neurological function recovery after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunchi Zhao
- Department of Spine SurgeryChina‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Ran Li
- Department of Spine SurgeryChina‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Qing Ruan
- Department of Spine SurgeryChina‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Chunyang Meng
- Department of Spine SurgeryChina‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Fei Yin
- Department of Spine SurgeryChina‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Qingsan Zhu
- Department of Spine SurgeryChina‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
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Sun F, Zhang H, Huang T, Shi J, Wei T, Wang Y. miRNA-221 Regulates Spinal Cord Injury-Induced Inflammatory Response through Targeting TNF- α Expression. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6687963. [PMID: 33928162 PMCID: PMC8049790 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6687963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the roles of miR-221 in spinal cord injury (SCI) as well as the underlying mechanism. METHODS A mouse model of SCI was generated and used to examine dynamic changes in grip strength of the mouse upper and lower limbs. The expression of miR-221 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot. Levels of inflammation and oxidative stress in microglia cells of the injured mice overexpressing miR-221 were then measured by ELISA. Bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assay were conducted to identify the miR-221 target. RESULTS We successfully constructed SCI mouse model. The results of qRT-PCR showed that miR-221 was gradually upregulated in the spinal cord tissue of mice in the SCI group with the prolonged injury time. At the same time, the mRNA and protein of TNF-α gradually decreased. We further confirmed through cell experiments that the inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-6, as well as iNOS and eROS, were upregulated in spinal cord microglia cells of SCI mice, and upregulation of miR-122 can inhibit their expression. Finally, the luciferase reporter experiment confirmed that miR-122 targeted TNF-α. CONCLUSIONS We present evidence that miR-221 promotes functional recovery of the injured spinal cord through targeting TNF-α, while alleviating inflammatory response and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Sun
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001 Heilongjiang Province, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, General Hospital of General Administration of Agriculture and Reclamation, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150088, China
| | - Haiwei Zhang
- Department of Imaging, General Hospital of General Administration of Agriculture and Reclamation, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150088, China
| | - Tianwen Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, General Hospital of General Administration of Agriculture and Reclamation, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150088, China
| | - Jianhui Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, No. 82, Zhongshan Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150036, China
| | - Tianli Wei
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001 Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yansong Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001 Heilongjiang Province, China
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Ghibaudi M, Boido M, Green D, Signorino E, Berto GE, Pourshayesteh S, Singh A, Di Cunto F, Dalmay T, Vercelli A. miR-7b-3p Exerts a Dual Role After Spinal Cord Injury, by Supporting Plasticity and Neuroprotection at Cortical Level. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:618869. [PMID: 33869277 PMCID: PMC8044879 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.618869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) affects 6 million people worldwide with no available treatment. Despite research advances, the inherent poor regeneration potential of the central nervous system remains a major hurdle. Small RNAs (sRNAs) 19-33 nucleotides in length are a set of non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression and have emerged as key players in regulating cellular events occurring after SCI. Here we profiled a class of sRNA known as microRNAs (miRNAs) following SCI in the cortex where the cell bodies of corticospinal motor neurons are located. We identified miR-7b-3p as a candidate target given its significant upregulation after SCI in vivo and we screened by miRWalk PTM the genes predicted to be targets of miR-7b-3p (among which we identified Wipf2, a gene regulating neurite extension). Moreover, 16 genes, involved in neural regeneration and potential miR-7b-3p targets, were found to be downregulated in the cortex following SCI. We also analysed miR-7b-3p function during cortical neuron development in vitro: we observed that the overexpression of miR-7b-3p was important (1) to maintain neurons in a more immature and, likely, plastic neuronal developmental phase and (2) to contrast the apoptotic pathway; however, in normal conditions it did not affect the Wipf2 expression. On the contrary, the overexpression of miR-7b-3p upon in vitro oxidative stress condition (mimicking the SCI environment) significantly reduced the expression level of Wipf2, as observed in vivo, confirming it as a direct miR-7b-3p target. Overall, these data suggest a dual role of miR-7b-3p: (i) the induction of a more plastic neuronal condition/phase, possibly at the expense of the axon growth, (ii) the neuroprotective role exerted through the inhibition of the apoptotic cascade. Increasing the miR-7b-3p levels in case of SCI could reactivate in adult neurons silenced developmental programmes, supporting at the same time the survival of the axotomised neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilde Ghibaudi
- Department of Neuroscience “Rita Levi Montalcini,” Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
- Polymers and Biomaterials, Italian Institute of Technology, Genova, Italy
| | - Marina Boido
- Department of Neuroscience “Rita Levi Montalcini,” Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Darrell Green
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Signorino
- Department of Neuroscience “Rita Levi Montalcini,” Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Gaia Elena Berto
- Department of Neuroscience “Rita Levi Montalcini,” Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Soraya Pourshayesteh
- Department of Neuroscience “Rita Levi Montalcini,” Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Archana Singh
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Ferdinando Di Cunto
- Department of Neuroscience “Rita Levi Montalcini,” Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Tamas Dalmay
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandro Vercelli
- Department of Neuroscience “Rita Levi Montalcini,” Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
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Zhou J, Li Z, Zhao Q, Wu T, Zhao Q, Cao Y. Knockdown of SNHG1 alleviates autophagy and apoptosis by regulating miR-362-3p/Jak2/stat3 pathway in LPS-injured PC12 cells. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:945-956. [PMID: 33515352 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-03224-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious neurological disease. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) small nucleolar RNA host gene (SNHG1) and microRNA-362-3p (miR-362-3p) were confirmed to be related to neurological disorders. However, it is unclear whether SNHG1 was involved in the development of SCI via regulating miR-362-3p. PC12 cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to imitate the in vitro cell model of SCI. Cell ciability and apoptosis rate were detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and flow cytometry assay. The levels of SNHG1, miR-362-3p, and Janus kinase-2 (Jak2) were examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA pull-down assay, and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay were performed to verify the interaction between miR-362-3p and SNHG1 or Jak2. Besides, the levels of apoptosis- and autophagy- related proteins were detected by western blot assay. In present research, LPS suppressed cell viability, and induced apoptosis and autophagy in PC12 cells. SNHG1 knockdown could affect cell viability, and suppress cell apoptosis and autophagy in LPS-treated PC12 cells. Moreover, miR-362-3p was a target of SNHG1, miR-362-3p targeted Jak2 and negatively regulated Jak2/stat3 pathway. Our data also demonstrated that SNHG1 depletion inactivated Jak2/stat3 pathway to affect cell viability and confine apoptosis, autophagy in LPS-treated PC12 cells. Taken together, SNHG1 regulated cell viability, apoptosis and autophagy in LPS-treated PC12 cells by activating Jak2/stat3 pathway via sponging miR-362-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiyue Li
- Department of Orthopaedic, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Qun Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedic, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Tianding Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Qiancheng Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedic, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Cao
- Department of Orthopaedic, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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Song HH, Song TC, Yang T, Sun CS, He BQ, Li H, Wang YJ, Li Y, Wu H, Hu YM, Wang YJ. High mobility group box 1 mediates inflammatory response of astrocytes via cyclooxygenase 2/prostaglandin E2 signaling following spinal cord injury. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:1848-1855. [PMID: 33510092 PMCID: PMC8328776 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.303039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) interacts with pattern-recognition receptors of immune cells to activate the inflammatory response. Astrocytes play a positive role in the inflammatory response of the central nervous system by expressing a broad range of pattern-recognition receptors. However, the underlying relationship between HMGB1 and the inflammatory reaction of astrocytes remains unclear. In this study, we established rat models of spinal cord injury via laminectomy at the T8–10 level, and the injured spinal cord was subjected to transcriptome sequencing. Our results showed that the HMGB1/Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) axis was involved in the activation of astrocyte inflammatory response through regulation of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2)/prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) signaling. Both TLR4 and COX2 were distributed in astrocytes and showed elevated protein levels following spinal cord injury. Stimulation of primary astrocytes with recombinant HMGB1 showed that COX2 and microsomal PGE synthase (mPGES)-1, rather than COX1, mPGES-2, or cytosolic PGE synthase, were significantly upregulated. Accordingly, PGE2 production in astrocytes was remarkably increased in response to recombinant HMGB1 challenges. Pharmacologic blockade of TLR2/4 attenuated HMGB1-mediated activation of the COX2/PGE2 pathway. Interestingly, HMGB1 did not impact the production of tumor necrosis factor-α or interleukin-1β in astrocytes. Our results suggest that HMGB1 mediates the astrocyte inflammatory response through regulating the COX2/PGE2 signaling pathway. The study was approved by the Laboratory Animal Ethics Committee of Nantong University, China (approval No. 20181204-001) on December 4, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Hua Song
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University; Center of Special Inspection, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tian-Cheng Song
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chun-Shuai Sun
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bing-Qiang He
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ying-Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu-Ming Hu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yong-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
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Wang WZ, Li J, Liu L, Zhang ZD, Li MX, Li Q, Ma HX, Yang H, Hou XL. Role of circular RNA expression in the pathological progression after spinal cord injury. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:2048-2055. [PMID: 33642393 PMCID: PMC8343338 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.308100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Differential expression of non-coding RNA after traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) is closely related to the pathophysiological process. The purposes of this study were to systematically profile and characterize expression of circular RNA (circRNA) in the lesion epicenter of spinal tissues after TSCI, and predict the structure and potential function of the regulatory circRNA/miRNA network. Forty-eight C57BL/6 mice were randomly and equally assigned to two groups: one subjected to TSCI at T8–10 with an Allen’s drop impactor, and a second subjected to laminectomy without TSCI. Spinal cord samples were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, sequenced, and validated. RNA-Seq, Gene Ontology analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis, and network analyses (Targetscan and miRanda) were used to predict and annotate the circRNA/miRNA/mRNA network. Luciferase reporter, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and western blot assays were used to profile expression and regulation patterns of the network in mouse models of TSCI. Hematoxylin-eosin staining revealed severe damage to the blood-spinal cord barrier after TSCI. Differentially expressed circRNA and miRNA profiles were obtained after TSCI; differentially expressed circRNAs, which were abundant in the cytoplasm, were involved in positive regulation of transcription and protein phosphorylation. miR-135b-5p was the most significantly downregulated miRNA after TSCI; circRNAAbca1 and KLF4 were predicted to be its target circRNA and mRNA, respectively. Subsequently, the circAbca1/miR-135b-5P/KLF4 regulatory axis was predicted and constructed, and its targeted binding was verified. After inhibiting circAbca1, GAP43 expression was upregulated. Differential expression of circRNAs might play an important role after TSCI. circAbca1 plays a neuroinhibitory role by targeted binding of the miR-135b-5P/KLF4 axis. The identified circRNA/miRNA/mRNA network could provide the basis for understanding pathophysiological mechanisms underlying TSCI, as well as guide the formulation of related therapeutic strategies. All animal protocols were approved by the Research Ethics Committee of West China Hospital of China (approval No. 2017128) on May 16, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Zhao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Orthopedics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zheng-Dong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ming-Xin Li
- Department of Orthopedics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Orthopedics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Hui-Xu Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Hai Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Hou
- Department of Orthopedics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
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Xiang W, Jiang L, Zhou Y, Li Z, Zhao Q, Wu T, Cao Y, Zhou J. The lncRNA Ftx/miR-382-5p/Nrg1 axis improves the inflammation response of microglia and spinal cord injury repair. Neurochem Int 2020; 143:104929. [PMID: 33359189 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
During spinal cord injury (SCI), a quick and sustained decline of Neuregulin-1 (Nrg1) has been observed, exerting a significant positive effect in modulating the proliferation of astrocytes and the formation of glial scars within the damaged spinal cord. In this study, we revealed the abnormal downregulation of lncRNA Ftx and Nrg1 and upregulation of miR-382-5p after SCI, which contributed to the inflammatory response in microglial cells and affected SCI repair. Ftx overexpression was significantly reduced, and Ftx knockdown further promoted LPS effects on the inflammatory factors, indicating that lncRNA Ftx might affect the microglial inflammatory response. miR-382-5p targeted both lncRNA Ftx and Nrg1, and lncRNA Ftx competed with Nrg1 for miR-382-5p binding to act as a ceRNA, therefore counteracting miR-382-5p-mediated inhibition of Nrg1. miR-382-5p overexpression was significantly enhanced, and Nrg1 overexpression attenuated LPS effects on inflammatory factors within the microglia. Under LPS stimulation, the effects of Ftx overexpression were significantly reversed by overexpression of miR-382-5p, and the effects of miR-382-5p overexpression were significantly reversed by Nrg1 overexpression. In summary, the lncRNA Ftx/miR-382-5p/Nrg1 axis improves the inflammation response of the microglia, which might improve SCI repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weineng Xiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The first hospital of Changsha City, Changsha, 410005, China
| | - Lin Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The first hospital of Changsha City, Changsha, 410005, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The first hospital of Changsha City, Changsha, 410005, China
| | - Zhiyue Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Qun Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Tianding Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yong Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Jiahui Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
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Jia H, Li Z, Chang Y, Fang B, Zhou Y, Ma H. Downregulation of Long Noncoding RNA TUG1 Attenuates MTDH-Mediated Inflammatory Damage via Targeting miR-29b-1-5p After Spinal Cord Ischemia Reperfusion. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2020; 80:254-264. [PMID: 33225366 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlaa138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs and microRNAs (miRNAs) play a vital role in spinal cord ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury. The aim of this study was to identify the potential interactions between taurine upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) and miRNA-29b-1-5p in a rat model of spinal cord IR. The IR injury was established by 14-minute occlusion of aortic arch. TUG1 and metadherin (MTDH) knockdown were induced by respective siRNAs, and miR-29b-1-5p expression was modulated using specific inhibitor or mimics. The interactions between TUG1, miR-29b-1-5p, and the target genes were determined using the dual-luciferase reporter assay. We found that IR respectively downregulated and upregulated miR-29b-1-5p and TUG1, and significantly increased MTDH expression. MTDH was predicted as a target of miR-29b-1-5p and its knockdown downregulated NF-κB and IL-1β levels. A direct interaction was observed between TUG1 and miR-29b-1-5p, and knocking down TUG1 upregulated the latter. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-29b-1-5p or knockdown of TUG1 alleviated blood-spinal cord barrier leakage and improved hind-limb motor function by suppressing MTDH and its downstream pro-inflammatory cytokines. Knocking down TUG1 also alleviated MTDH/NF-κB/IL-1β pathway-mediated inflammatory damage after IR by targeting miR-29b-1-5p, whereas blocking the latter reversed the neuroprotective effect of TUG1 knockdown and restored MTDH/NF-κB/IL-1β levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jia
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhe Li
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yi Chang
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Bo Fang
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yongjian Zhou
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Hong Ma
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Wang W, Li J, Zhang Z, Ma H, Li Q, Yang H, Li M, Liu L. Genome-wide analysis of acute traumatic spinal cord injury-related RNA expression profiles and uncovering of a regulatory axis in spinal fibrotic scars. Cell Prolif 2020; 54:e12951. [PMID: 33150698 PMCID: PMC7791181 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are critical for posttranscriptional and transcriptional regulation in eukaryotic cells. However, data on lncRNA expression in the lesion epicentres of spinal tissues after acute traumatic spinal cord injury (ATSCI) are scarce. We aimed to identify lncRNA expression profiles in such centres and predict latent regulatory networks. Materials and methods High‐throughput RNA‐sequencing was used to profile the expression and regulatory patterns of lncRNAs, microRNAs and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in an ATSCI C57BL/6 mouse model. Chromosome distributions, open reading frames (ORFs), transcript abundances, exon numbers and lengths were compared between lncRNAs and mRNAs. Gene ontology, KEGG pathways and binding networks were analysed. The findings were validated by qRT‐PCRs and luciferase assays. Results Intronic lncRNAs were the most common differentially expressed lncRNA. Most lncRNAs had <6 exons, and lncRNAs had shorter lengths and lesser ORFs than mRNAs. MiR‐21a‐5p had the most significant differential expression and bound to the differentially expressed lncRNA ENSMUST00000195880. The microRNAs and lncRNAs with significant differential expression were screened, and a lncRNA/miRNA/mRNA interaction network was predicted, constructed and verified. Conclusions The regulatory actions of this network may play a role in the pathophysiology of ATSCI. Our findings may lead to better understanding of potential ncRNA biomarkers and confer better therapeutic strategies for ATSCIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Orthopedics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhengdong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huixu Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Orthopedics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hai Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingxin Li
- Department of Orthopedics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Wang J, Kuang X, Peng Z, Li C, Guo C, Fu X, Wu J, Luo Y, Rao X, Zhou X, Huang B, Tang W, Tang Y. EGCG treats ICH via up-regulating miR-137-3p and inhibiting Parthanatos. Transl Neurosci 2020; 11:371-379. [PMID: 33335777 PMCID: PMC7718614 DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2020-0143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) causes high mortality and disability without effective treatment in the clinical setting. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) exerts an essential role in the central nervous system and offers a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of oxidative damage-related diseases. MiR-137 can inhibit the oxidative stress and apoptosis to attenuate neuronal injury. However, the role of EGCG in regulating miR-137-3p and neuronal Parthanatos remains to be unclear. In the present study, we build the ICH mice model to investigate the antioxidant effects of EGCG via upregulating miR-137-3p and inhibiting neuronal Parthanatos. We revealed that EGCG upregulated miR-137-3p and inhibited neuronal Parthanatos, and promoted the functional recovery, alleviated ICH-induced brain injury, and reduced oxidative stress in mice following ICH. However, following the inhibition of miR-137-3p and activation of Parthanatos, EGCG was unable to exert neuroprotective roles. These combined results suggest that EGCG may upregulate miR-137-3p and inhibit neuronal Parthanatos to accelerate functional recovery in mice after ICH, laying the foundation for EGCG to be a novel strategy for the treatment of neuronal injuries related to Parthanatos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Wang
- Affiliated hospital, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, 423000, Hunan Province, China
- Department of Clinical, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, 423000, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xuejun Kuang
- Affiliated hospital, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, 423000, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhao Peng
- Affiliated hospital, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, 423000, Hunan Province, China
| | - Conghui Li
- Affiliated hospital, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, 423000, Hunan Province, China
| | - Chengwu Guo
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, 423000, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xi Fu
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, 423000, Hunan Province, China
| | - Junhong Wu
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, 423000, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yang Luo
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, 423000, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiaolin Rao
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, 423000, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiangjuan Zhou
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, 423000, Hunan Province, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, 423000, Hunan Province, China
| | - Weijun Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, 423000, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yinjuan Tang
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, 423000, Hunan Province, China
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Qi L, Jiang-Hua M, Ge-Liang H, Qing C, Ya-Ming L. MiR-34a Inhibits Spinal Cord Injury and Blocks Spinal Cord Neuron Apoptosis by Activating Phatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT Pathway Through Targeting CD47. Curr Neurovasc Res 2020; 16:373-381. [PMID: 31490756 DOI: 10.2174/1567202616666190906102343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dysregulation of miR-34a has been reported for its implication in neuronal development. This study aims to explore the effect and possible mechanism of miR-34a on neuron apoptosis induced by Spinal Cord Injury (SCI). MATERIALS AND METHODS SCI model was established using Allen's weight-drop method and rats in the sham group were performed with laminectomy without weight-drop injury. Basso Bcattie Bresnahan (BBB) rating scale was applied to evaluate the locomotor function of rats. Pathological changes of spinal cord tissues in SCI rats were observed after hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. Rats were separately injected with miR-34a agomir, miR-34a agomir NC, si-CD47 and si- CD47 NC before their spinal cord tissues were collected for terminal-deoxynucleoitidyl Transferase Mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. Expressions of miR-34a, si-CD47, apoptosis related proteins and AKT pathway related proteins were measured by quantitative reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot. RESULTS SCI rat models were successfully established evidenced by decreased BBB scores and HE staining. Injection of miR-34a agomir and/or si-CD47 could suppress neuron cell apoptosis, with deceased apoptotic index (AI) and pro-apoptotic protein (cleaved caspase-3 and Bax) levels, and increased expressions of anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2 and Mcl-1). Phosphorylated levels of phatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and AKT were further increased in rats injected with miR-34a agomir and si-CD47, compared with miR-34a agomir or si-CD47 injection alone. CONCLUSION MiR-34a can downregulate CD47 expression to activate PI3K/AKT signal pathway, and thus inhibit SCI induced spinal neuron apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liao Qi
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Ming Jiang-Hua
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Hu Ge-Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Chen Qing
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Li Ya-Ming
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
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Yang W, Sun P. Promoting functions of microRNA-29a/199B in neurological recovery in rats with spinal cord injury through inhibition of the RGMA/STAT3 axis. J Orthop Surg Res 2020; 15:427. [PMID: 32948213 PMCID: PMC7501626 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-020-01956-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prognostic and therapeutic potential of microRNAs (miRNAs) in spinal cord injury (SCI) has aroused increasing concerns. This study aims to research the functions of miR-29a/199B in the neurological function recovery after SCI and the mechanical mechanism. Methods A rat model with SCI was induced with sham-operated ones as control. The locomotor function and coordination of rat hindlimbs were determined by a Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) locomotor rating scale and a ladder-climbing test, respectively. Expression of a neurofilament protein NF-200 and synaptophysin in gray matter of rats was determined to evaluate neuronal recovery in a cellular perspective. Binding relationships between miR-29a/199B with RGMA were predicted and validated using luciferase assays. Altered expression of miR-29a/199B and RGMA was introduced to explore their functions in rat neurological functions. The protein level and phosphorylation of STAT3 in gray matter were measured by western blot analysis. Results miR-29a and miR-199B were poorly expressed, while RGMA was abundantly expressed in gray matter at injury sites. Either miR-29a or miR-199B could bind to RGMA. Overexpression of miR-29a/199B or silencing of RGMA led to an increase in BBB locomotor scores, hindlimb coordination ability, and the expression of NF-200 and synaptophysin in gray matter. Further inhibition in miR-29a/199B blocked the promoting roles of RGMA silencing in neurological recovery. Upregulation of miR-29a/199B or downregulation of RGMA suppressed the phosphorylation of STAT3. Conclusion This study evidenced that miR-29a and miR-199B negatively regulated RGMA to suppress STAT3 phosphorylation, therefore promoting the neurological function recovery in rats following SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, No.8, Caobao Road, Shanghai, 200235, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, No.8, Caobao Road, Shanghai, 200235, People's Republic of China.
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Ding SQ, Chen YQ, Chen J, Wang SN, Duan FX, Shi YJ, Hu JG, Lü HZ. Serum exosomal microRNA transcriptome profiling in subacute spinal cord injured rats. Genomics 2020; 112:5086-5100. [PMID: 32919018 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2019.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in a series of pathology of spinal cord injury (SCI). Although, locally expressed miRNAs have advantages in studying the pathological mechanism, they cannot be used as biomarkers. The "free circulation" miRNAs can be used as biomarkers, but they have low concentration and poor stability in body fluids. Exosomal miRNAs in body fluids have many advantages comparing with free miRNAs. Therefore, we hypothesized that the specific miRNAs in the central nervous system might be transported to the peripheral circulation and concentrated in exosomes after injury. Using next-generation sequencing, miRNA profiles in serum exosomes of sham and subactue SCI rats were analyzed. The results showed that SCI can lead to changes of serum exosomal miRNAs. These changed miRNAs and their associated signaling pathways may explain the pathological mechanism of suacute SCI. More importantly, we found some valuable serum exosomal miRNAs for diagnosis and prognosis of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Qin Ding
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China
| | - Yu-Qing Chen
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Department of Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, PR China
| | - Jing Chen
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Department of Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, PR China
| | - Sai-Nan Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Department of Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, PR China
| | - Fei-Xiang Duan
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China
| | - Yu-Jiao Shi
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China
| | - Jian-Guo Hu
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China.
| | - He-Zuo Lü
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Department of Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, PR China.
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Zhou Z, Li H, Li H, Zhang J, Fu K, Cao C, Deng F, Luo J. Comprehensive analysis of the differential expression profile of microRNAs in rats with spinal cord injury treated by electroacupuncture. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:751-762. [PMID: 32468009 PMCID: PMC7339738 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal microRNA (miRNA) expression has been implicated in spinal cord injury (SCI), but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on miRNA expression profiles in SCI rats and investigate the potential mechanisms involved in this process, Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into sham, SCI and SCI+EA groups (n=6 each). Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan (BBB) scoring and hematoxylin-eosin staining of cortical tissues were used to evaluate spinal cord recovery with EA treatment 21 days post-surgery across the three groups. To investigate miRNA expression profiles, 6 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into SCI and SCI+EA groups (n=3 in each group) and examined using next-generation sequencing. Integrated miRNA-mRNA-pathway network analysis was performed to elucidate the interaction network of the candidate miRNAs, their target genes and the involved pathways. Behavioral scores suggested that hindlimb motor functions improved with EA treatments. Apoptotic indices were lower in the SCI+EA group compared with the SCI group. It was also observed that 168 miRNAs were differentially expressed between the SCI and SCI+EA groups, with 29 upregulated and 139 downregulated miRNAs in the SCI+EA group. Changes in miRNA expression are involved in SCI physiopathology, including inflammation and apoptosis. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR measurement of the five candidate miRNAs, namely rno-miR-219a-5p, rno-miR-486, rno-miR-136-5p, rno-miR-128-3p, and rno-miR-7b, was consistent with RNA sequencing data. Integrated miRNA-mRNA-pathway analysis suggested that the MAPK, Wnt and NF-κB signaling pathways were involved in EA-mediated recovery from SCI. The present study evaluated the miRNA expression profiles involved in EA-treated SCI rats and demonstrated the potential mechanism and functional role of miRNAs in SCI in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhidong Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, P.R. China
| | - Hejian Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, P.R. China
| | - Hongchun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, P.R. China
| | - Kaiwen Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, P.R. China
| | - Cao Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, P.R. China
| | - Fumou Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, P.R. China
| | - Jun Luo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, P.R. China
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Viswanath O, Urits I, Burns J, Charipova K, Gress K, McNally A, Urman RD, Welschmeyer A, Berger AA, Kassem H, Sanchez MG, Kaye AD, Eubanks TN, Cornett EM, Ngo AL. Central Neuropathic Mechanisms in Pain Signaling Pathways: Current Evidence and Recommendations. Adv Ther 2020; 37:1946-1959. [PMID: 32291648 PMCID: PMC7467462 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-020-01334-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose This is a comprehensive review of the current literature on central neuropathic pain mechanisms that is secondary to spinal cord injury. It reviews recent and seminal findings on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment and compares treatment options and recommendations. Recent Findings Neuropathic pain (NP) is a common complication of spinal cord injury (SCI). Chronicity of NP is attributed to increased abundance of inflammatory mediators and ion channel dysfunction leading to afferent nerve sensitization; nerve damage and nerve–glia cross talk have also been implicated. Conventional treatment is medical and has had limited success. Recent studies have made headway in identifying novel biomarkers, including microRNA and psychosocial attributes that can predict progress from SCI to chronic NP (CNP). Recent advances have provided evidence of efficacy for two promising drugs. Baclofen was able to provide good, long-lasting pain relief. Ziconotide, a voltage-gated calcium channel blocker, was studied in a small trial and was able to provide good analgesia in most participants. However, several participants had to be withdrawn because of worrisome creatine phosphokinase (CPK) elevations, and further studies are required to define its safety profile. Non-medical interventions include brain sensitization and biofeedback techniques. These methods have recently had encouraging results, albeit preliminary. Case reports of non-conventional techniques, such as hypnosis, were also reported. Summary CNP is a common complication of SCI and is a prevalent disorder with significant morbidity and disability. Conventional medical treatment is limited in efficacy. Recent studies identified baclofen and ziconotide as possible new therapies, alongside non-medical interventions. Further research into the pathophysiology is required to identify further therapy candidates. A multidisciplinary approach, including psychosocial support, medical and non-medical interventions, is likely needed to achieve therapeutic effects in this difficult to treat syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Viswanath
- Valley Anesthesiology and Pain Consultants-Envision Physician Services, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Ivan Urits
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - James Burns
- Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Kyle Gress
- Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Richard D Urman
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ali Welschmeyer
- Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Amnon A Berger
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hisham Kassem
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
| | - Manuel G Sanchez
- Department of Pain Medicine, Pain Specialty Group, Newington, NH, USA
| | - Alan D Kaye
- Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Treniece N Eubanks
- Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Elyse M Cornett
- Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Anh L Ngo
- Department of Pain Medicine, Pain Specialty Group, Newington, NH, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
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Wang W, Wang S, Zhang Z, Li J, Xie W, Su Y, Chen J, Liu L. [Identification of potential traumatic spinal cord injury related circular RNA-microRNA networks by sequence analysis]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2020; 34:213-219. [PMID: 32030954 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.201905079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective To systematically profile and characterize the circular RNA (circRNA) and microRNA (miRNA) expression pattern in the lesion epicenter of spinal tissues after traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) and predict the structure and potential functions of the regulatory network. Methods Forty-eight adult male C57BL/6 mice (weighing, 18-22 g) were randomly divided into the TSCI ( n=24) and sham ( n=24) groups. Mice in the TSCI group underwent T 8-10 vertebral laminectomy and Allen's weight-drop spinal cord injury. Mice in the sham group underwent the same laminectomy without TSCI. The spinal tissues were harvested after 3 days. Some tissues were stained with HE staining to observe the structure. The others were used for sequencing. The RNA-Seq, gene ontology (GO) analysis, and circRNA-miRNA network analyses (TargetScan and miRanda) were used to profile the expression and regulation patterns of network of mice models after TSCI. Results HE staining showed the severe damage to the spinal cord in TSCI group compared with sham group. A total of 17 440 circRNAs and 1 228 miRNAs were identified. The host gene of significant differentially expressed circRNA enriched in the cytoplasm, associated with positive regulation of transcription and protein phosphorylation. mmu-miR-21-5p was the most significant differentially expressed miRNA after TSCI, and circRNA6730 was predicted to be its targeted circRNA. Then a potential regulatory circRNA-miRNA network was constructed. Conclusion The significant differentially expressed circRNAs and miRNAs may play important roles after TSCI. A targeted interaction network with mmu-miR-21-5p at the core of circRNA6730 could provide basis of pathophysiological mechanism, as well as help guide therapeutic strategies for TSCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China
| | - Shanxi Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China
| | - Zhengdong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China;Department of Orthopedics, the Second People's Hospital of Jiulongpo District, Chongqing, 400050, P.R.China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China
| | - Wei Xie
- Department Emergency Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian Shandong, 271000, P.R.China
| | - Yanlin Su
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, 250000, P.R.China
| | - Jianan Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, 250000, P.R.China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China
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Hezroni H, Perry RBT, Ulitsky I. Long Noncoding RNAs in Development and Regeneration of the Neural Lineage. COLD SPRING HARBOR SYMPOSIA ON QUANTITATIVE BIOLOGY 2020; 84:165-177. [PMID: 31900326 DOI: 10.1101/sqb.2019.84.039347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are gathering increasing attention toward their roles in different biological systems. In mammals, the richest repertoires of lncRNAs are expressed in the brain and in the testis, and the diversity of lncRNAs in the nervous system is thought to be related to the diversity and the complexity of its cell types. Supporting this notion, many lncRNAs are differentially expressed between different regions of the brain or in particular cell types, and many lncRNAs are dynamically expressed during embryonic or postnatal neurogenesis. Less is known about the functions of these genes, if any, but they are increasingly implicated in diverse processes in health and disease. Here, we review the current knowledge about the roles and importance of lncRNAs in the central and peripheral nervous systems and discuss the specific niches within gene regulatory networks that might be preferentially occupied by lncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadas Hezroni
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Rotem Ben Tov Perry
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Igor Ulitsky
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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Gao Z, Zhao Y, He X, Leng Z, Zhou X, Song H, Wang R, Gao Z, Wang Y, Liu J, Niu B, Li H, Ouyang P, Chang S. Transplantation of sh-miR-199a-5p-Modified Olfactory Ensheathing Cells Promotes the Functional Recovery in Rats with Contusive Spinal Cord Injury. Cell Transplant 2020; 29:963689720916173. [PMID: 32252553 PMCID: PMC7586279 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720916173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) function as gene expression switches, and participate in diverse pathophysiological processes of spinal cord injury (SCI). Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) can alleviate pathological injury and facilitate functional recovery after SCI. However, the mechanisms by which OECs restore function are not well understood. This study aims to determine whether silencing miR-199a-5p would enhance the beneficial effects of the OECs. In this study, we measured miR-199a-5p levels in rat spinal cords with and without injury, with and without OEC transplants. Then, we transfected OECs with the sh-miR-199a-5p lentiviral vector to reduce miR-199a-5p expression and determined the effects of these OECs in SCI rats by Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) locomotor scores, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and histological methods. We used western blotting to measure protein levels of Slit1, Robo2, and srGAP2. Finally, we used the dual-luciferase reporter assay to assess the relationship between miR-199-5p and Slit1, Robo2, and srGAP2 expression. We found that SCI significantly increased miR-199a-5p levels (P < 0.05), and OEC transplants significantly reduced miR-199a-5p expression (P < 0.05). Knockdown of miR-199a-5p in OECs had a better therapeutic effect on SCI rats, indicated by higher BBB scores and fractional anisotropy values on DTI, as well as histological findings. Reducing miR-199a-5p levels in transplanted OECs markedly increased spinal cord protein levels of Slit1, Robo2, and srGAP2. Our results demonstrated that transplantation of sh-miR-199a-5p-modified OECs promoted functional recovery in SCI rats, suggesting that miR-199a-5p knockdown was more beneficial to the therapeutic effects of OEC transplants. These findings provided new insights into miRNAs-mediated therapeutic mechanisms of OECs, which helps us to develop therapeutic strategies based on miRNAs and optimize cell therapy for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengchao Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yingjie Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xijing He
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zikuan Leng
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hui Song
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhongyang Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yiqun Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jiantao Liu
- Department of Spine and Spinal Cord Surgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Binbin Niu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical College, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Haopeng Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Pengrong Ouyang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Su’e Chang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
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Ding SQ, Chen YQ, Chen J, Wang SN, Duan FX, Shi YJ, Hu JG, Lü HZ. Serum exosomal microRNA transcriptome profiling in subacute spinal cord injured rats. Genomics 2019; 112:2092-2105. [PMID: 31830526 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in a series of pathology of spinal cord injury (SCI). Although, locally expressed miRNAs have advantages in studying the pathological mechanism, they cannot be used as biomarkers. The "free circulation" miRNAs can be used as biomarkers, but they have low concentration and poor stability in body fluids. Exosomal miRNAs in body fluids have many advantages comparing with free miRNAs. Therefore, we hypothesized that the specific miRNAs in the central nervous system might be transported to the peripheral circulation and concentrated in exosomes after injury. Using next-generation sequencing, miRNA profiles in serum exosomes of sham and subactue SCI rats were analyzed. The results showed that SCI can lead to changes of serum exosomal miRNAs. These changed miRNAs and their associated signaling pathways may explain the pathological mechanism of suacute SCI. More importantly, we found some valuable serum exosomal miRNAs for diagnosis and prognosis of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Qin Ding
- Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China
| | - Yu-Qing Chen
- Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Department of Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, PR China
| | - Jing Chen
- Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Department of Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, PR China
| | - Sai-Nan Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Department of Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, PR China
| | - Fei-Xiang Duan
- Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China
| | - Yu-Jiao Shi
- Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China
| | - Jian-Guo Hu
- Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China.
| | - He-Zuo Lü
- Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Department of Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, PR China.
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Almurshidi B, Carver W, Scott G, Ray SK. Roles of miRNAs in spinal cord injury and potential therapeutic interventions. NEUROIMMUNOLOGY AND NEUROINFLAMMATION 2019; 6:11. [PMID: 33869675 PMCID: PMC8052101 DOI: 10.20517/2347-8659.2019.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) affects approximately 200,000 individuals per year worldwide. There are more than 27 million people worldwide living with long-term disability due to SCI. Historically, it was thought that the central nervous system (CNS) had little ability for regeneration; however, more recent studies have demonstrated potential for repair within the CNS. Because of this, there exists a renewed interest in the discovery of novel approaches to promote regeneration in the CNS including the spinal cord. It is important to know the roles of the microRNAs (miRNAs) in modulation of pathogenesis in SCI and the potentials of the miRNA-based clinical interventions for controlling post-injury symptoms and improving functional recovery. The miRNAs, which are non-coding RNAs with an average of 22 nucleotides in length, are post-transcriptional gene regulators that cause degradation of the target mRNAs and thus negatively control their translation. This review article focuses on current research related to miRNAs and their roles in modulating SCI symptoms, asserting that miRNAs contribute to critical post-SCI molecular processes including neuroplasticity, functional recovery, astrogliosis, neuropathic pain, inflammation, and apoptosis. In particular, miR-96 provides a promising therapeutic opportunity to improve the outcomes of clinical interventions, including the way SCI injuries are evaluated and treated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badria Almurshidi
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, CENR, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - Wayne Carver
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - Geoff Scott
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, CENR, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - Swapan K. Ray
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
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MicroRNA-31 regulating apoptosis by mediating the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway in treatment of spinal cord injury. Brain Dev 2019; 41:649-661. [PMID: 31036380 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis is a highly conservative energy demand program for non-inflammatory cell death, which is extremely significant in normal physiology and disease. There are many techniques used for studying apoptosis. MicroRNA (miRNA) is closely related to cell apoptosis, and especially microRNA-31 (miR-31) is involved in apoptosis by regulating a large number of target genes and signaling pathways. In many neurological diseases, cell apoptosis or programmed cell death plays an important role in the reduction of cell number, including the reduction of neurons in spinal cord injuries. In recent years, the phosphoinositol 3-kinase/AKT (PI3K/AKT) signal pathway, as a signal pathway involved in a variety of cell functions, has been studied in spinal cord injury diseases. The PI3K/AKT pathway directly or indirectly affects whether apoptosis occurs in a cell, thereby affecting a significant intracellular event sequence. This paper reviewed the interactions of miR-31 target sites in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and explored new ways to prevent and treat spinal cord injury by regulating the effect of miR-31 on apoptosis.
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Ferioli M, Zauli G, Maiorano P, Milani D, Mirandola P, Neri LM. Role of physical exercise in the regulation of epigenetic mechanisms in inflammation, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and aging process. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:14852-14864. [PMID: 30767204 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The genetic heritage for decades has been considered to respond only to gene promoters or suppressors, with specific roles for oncogenes or tumor-suppressor genes. Epigenetics is progressively attracting increasing interest because it has demonstrated the capacity of these regulatory processes to regulate the gene expression without modifying gene sequence. Several factors may influence epigenetics, such as lifestyles including food selection. A role for physical exercise is emerging in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression. In this review, we resume physiological and pathological implications of epigenetic modification induced by the physical activity (PA). Inflammation and cancer mechanisms, immune system, central nervous system, and the aging process receive benefits due to PA through epigenetic mechanisms. Thus, the modulation of epigenetic processes by physical exercise positively influences prevention, development, and the course of inflammatory and cancer diseases, as well as neurodegenerative illnesses. This growing field of studies gives rise to a new role for PA as an option in prevention strategies and to integrate pharmacological therapeutic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Ferioli
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giorgio Zauli
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Patrizia Maiorano
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Daniela Milani
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Prisco Mirandola
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Luca M Neri
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Cao H, Zhang Y, Chu Z, Zhao B, Wang H, An L. MAP‑1B, PACS‑2 and AHCYL1 are regulated by miR‑34A/B/C and miR‑449 in neuroplasticity following traumatic spinal cord injury in rats: Preliminary explorative results from microarray data. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:3011-3018. [PMID: 31432119 PMCID: PMC6755151 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a specific type of damage to the central nervous system causing temporary or permanent changes in its function. The present aimed to identify the genetic changes in neuroplasticity following SCI in rats. The GSE52763 microarray dataset, which included 15 samples [3 sham (1 week), 4 injury only (1 week), 4 injury only (3 weeks), 4 injury + treadmill (3 weeks)] was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. An empirical Bayes linear regression model in limma package was used to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in injury vs. sham and treadmill vs. non‑treadmill comparison groups. Subsequently, time series and enrichment analyses were performed using pheatmap and clusterProfile packages, respectively. Additionally, protein‑protein interaction (PPI) and transcription factor (TF)‑microRNA (miRNA)‑target regulatory networks were constructed using Cytoscape software. In total, 159 and 105 DEGs were identified in injury vs. sham groups and treadmill vs. non‑treadmill groups, respectively. There were 40 genes in cluster 1 that presented increased expression levels in the injury (1 week/3 weeks) groups compared with the sham group, and decreased expression levels in the injury + treadmill group compared with the injury only groups; conversely, 52 genes in cluster 2 exhibited decreased expression levels in the injury (1 week/3 weeks) groups compared with the sham group, and increased expression levels in the injury + treadmill group compared with the injury only groups. Enrichment analysis indicated that clusters 1 and 2 were associated with immune response and signal transduction, respectively. Furthermore, microtubule associated protein 1B, phosphofurin acidic cluster sorting protein 2 and adenosylhomocysteinase‑like 1 exhibited the highest degrees in the regulatory network, and were regulated by miRNAs including miR‑34A, miR‑34B, miR‑34C and miR‑449. These miRNAs and their target genes may serve important roles in neuroplasticity following traumatic SCI in rats. Nevertheless, additional in‑depth studies are required to confirm these data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongshi Cao
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Neurovascular Disease, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Chu
- Department of Emergency, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Bolun Zhao
- School of Nursing, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning 116000, P.R. China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of Neurotrauma Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Libin An
- School of Nursing, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning 116000, P.R. China
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