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Huang R, Li S, Hu J, Ren R, Ma C, Peng Y, Wang D. Adverse childhood experiences and falls in older adults: The mediating role of depression. J Affect Disord 2024; 365:87-94. [PMID: 39151763 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and falls in older adults, and the mediating effects of depression on such associations. METHODS This is a prospective study used survey data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Twelve expanded ACEs obtained from the 2014 Life History Survey. Depression levels were assessed using the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-10. Self-reported outcomes of falling evaluated based on "Have you fallen down since the last survey?" and "How many times have you fallen down seriously enough to need medical treatment?" Logistic regression models were used to explore the relationship between ACEs with falls and recurrent falls. Poisson regression models were used to explore the relationship between ACEs and number of severe falls. Besides, mediation analysis was used to explore whether depression mediates the relationship between ACEs and falls in older adults. RESULTS The more adverse childhood experiences experienced, the higher the risk of fall and recurrent falls, and the more severe the falls. Additionally, depression partially mediated the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and falls. Besides, middle-aged individuals were more susceptible to the impact of adverse childhood experiences on falls than older individuals, especially males. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to adverse childhood experiences is associated with falls in older adults, and depression partially mediates this association. Middle-aged adults were more susceptible to the impact of adverse childhood experiences on falls. These offer important information for clinical practice and public health interventions to prevent falls and reduce fall-related injuries among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runnian Huang
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China; Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China; Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Siru Li
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, China
| | - Junwei Hu
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Rui Ren
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Chunhua Ma
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Yang Peng
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China.
| | - Difei Wang
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China.
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Lohmann LH, Zech A, Plöschberger G, Oraže M, Jochum D, Warneke K. Acute and chronic effects of stretching on balance: a systematic review with multilevel meta-analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1451180. [PMID: 39346940 PMCID: PMC11427387 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1451180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Balance is a multifactorial construct with high relevance in, e.g., everyday life activities. Apart from sensorimotor control, muscle strength and size are positively linked with balance performance. While commonly trained for via resistance training, stretch training has emerged as a potential substitution in specific conditions. However, no review has investigated potential effects of stretching on balance, yet. Methods PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus were searched with inception to February, 2024. Studies were included if they examined acute and/or chronic effects of any stretching type against passive and/or active controls on balance parameters - without any population-related restrictions concerning sex/gender, age, health status, activity level. Methodological quality was assessed using PEDro scale. Meta-analyses were performed if two or more studies reported on the same outcome. Certainty of evidence was determined based on GRADE criteria. Results Eighteen acute and eleven chronic effect studies were included. Stretching studies exhibited significant improvements for sway parameters with eyes open against passive controls of moderate magnitude for chronic (ES: 0.63, p = 0.047) and of small magnitude for acute studies (ES: 0.21, p = 0.032). Most other subgroups against passive controls as well as actively-controlled comparisons resulted in trivial and/or non-significant effects. Conclusion Even though some pooled effects slightly reached the level of significance, the overall results are biased by (very) low certainty of evidence (GRADE criteria downgrading for risk of bias, imprecision, publication bias). Moderators suggested by literature (strength, muscle size, flexibility, proprioception) were rarely assessed, which prevents conclusive final statements and calls for further, high quality evidence to clarify potential mechanisms-if any exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Hubertus Lohmann
- Department of Human Movement Science and Exercise Physiology, University of Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Astrid Zech
- Department of Human Movement Science and Exercise Physiology, University of Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Gerit Plöschberger
- Institute of Sport Science, Alpen-Adria University of Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt am Wörthersee, Austria
| | - Manuel Oraže
- Viktor-Frankl Hochschule, Pädagogische Hochschule Kärnten, Klagenfurt am Wörthersee, Austria
| | - Daniel Jochum
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Konstantin Warneke
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Lund CM, Nielsen DL, Schultz M, Dolin TG. Physical decline, falls, and hospitalization among vulnerable older patients in the trajectory of colorectal cancer treatment. J Geriatr Oncol 2024; 15:101820. [PMID: 38955634 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2024.101820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Resilience to anticancer treatment for colorectal cancer (CRC) among older patients varies. Many experience weight loss, physical decline, falls, and hospitalization during treatment, often leading to early discontinuation of otherwise effective chemotherapy. Screening for vulnerability might help to identify patients at risk of these adverse outcomes in older adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a secondary analysis from the GERICO trial. Patients aged ≥70 years assessed for chemotherapy for CRC were screened for eligibility for the GERICO trial with the geriatric-8 (G8) frailty screening tool. The present study population comprised patients who were (1) screened with G8 but for reasons not included in the GERICO study and (2) patients who were randomized to the GERICO control group. We evaluated whether patients identified as vulnerable with G8 (≤14/17) or retrospectively constructed mG8 (≥6/35) had higher risk of experiencing decline in performance status (PS), falls, and unplanned hospitalization during treatment. The association between frailty status and the adverse outcomes was analyzed with univariate and multivariate logistic regression. The discriminative ability of G8/mG8 to predict outcomes was analyzed using the area under the curve for receiver operating characteristics curves. RESULTS In total, 238 patients (median age 74 years [range 70-91]) were included in this analysis. More vulnerable than fit patients experienced decline in PS (G8: 41% vs. 14%, p = 0.006 and mG8: 28% vs. 17%, p = 0.04) during treatment. Furthermore, more vulnerable than fit patients experienced falls (G8 14% vs. 6% p = 0.04) and unplanned hospitalization (G8: 31% vs. 14%, p = 0.009 and mG8: 34% vs. 13%, p < 0.001). Multivariate analyses showed an association between G8 vulnerability and decline in PS, falls, and hospitalization. DISCUSSION Patients with G8 or mG8 vulnerability were more likely to experience decline in PS and unplanned hospitalization during chemotherapy for CRC than fit patients. More G8 vulnerable patients experienced falls compared with fit patients. Appropriate interventions should be offered to older patients with CRC assessed as vulnerable with G8 or mG8 to maintain PS during chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia M Lund
- Department of Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte, Denmark; CopenAge, Copenhagen Center for Clinical Age Research, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Denmark.
| | - Dorte L Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Denmark; Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Denmark
| | - Martin Schultz
- Department of Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte, Denmark; CopenAge, Copenhagen Center for Clinical Age Research, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Denmark
| | - Troels G Dolin
- Department of Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte, Denmark; CopenAge, Copenhagen Center for Clinical Age Research, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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Cheng H, Xu X, Tang Y, Yang X, Ling Y, Tan S, Wang Z, Ming WK, Lyu J. Delirium Mediated the Association Between a History of Falls and Short-Term Mortality Risk in Critically Ill Ischemic Stroke Patients. Clin Nurs Res 2024; 33:545-559. [PMID: 39183563 DOI: 10.1177/10547738241273164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Patients with ischemic stroke have an increased propensity to fall, resulting in significant physical and psychological distress. This study examined the association between falls in the 3 months prior to intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mortality within 28 days among 2950 adult ICU patients diagnosed with ischemic stroke from 2008 to 2019, focusing on the potential mediating role of delirium. The primary outcomes were short-term mortality (28, 60, and 90 days) and the risk of delirium. Each patient was followed for at least 1 year. Delirium was primarily assessed using the Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU and by reviewing nursing notes. Group differences between patients with and without a history of falls were compared using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test or the chi-squared test. Cox proportional risk or logistic regression models were used to explore the association between fall history and outcomes, and causal mediation analysis was performed. Results showed that patients with a recent fall history had a significantly increased risk of 28-day (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.62, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.35-1.94), 60-day (HR: 1.67, 95% CI: 1.42-1.98), and 90-day mortality (HR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.41-1.95), as well as an increased risk of delirium (odds ratio: 2.00, 95% CI: 1.66-2.42). Delirium significantly mediated the association between fall history and 28-day mortality (total effect: HR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.45-2.16; natural indirect effect: HR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.05-1.21; proportion mediated: 24.6%). These findings suggest that ischemic stroke patients with a recent fall have an increased risk of short-term mortality, partly mediated by delirium. Strategies aimed at preventing delirium may potentially improve prognosis in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Cheng
- School of Nursing, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaozhen Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Kaiping Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Yonglan Tang
- School of Nursing, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Yang
- School of Nursing, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yitong Ling
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanyuan Tan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zichen Wang
- Department of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wai-Kit Ming
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jun Lyu
- Department of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Guangzhou, China
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Wu W, Zhou Q, Gao Q, Li H, Zhang J, Wu J, Shen J, Li J, Shi H. Construction of an instrument to enable the assessment of the risk of falls in older outpatients: A quantitative methodological study. J Adv Nurs 2024; 80:3825-3834. [PMID: 38402452 DOI: 10.1111/jan.16059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop an instrument to facilitate the risk assessment of falls in older outpatients. DESIGN A quantitative methodological study using the cross-sectional data. METHODS This study enrolled 1988 older participants who underwent comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) in an outpatient clinic from May 2020 to November 2022. The history of any falls (≥1 falls in a year) and recurrent falls (≥2 falls in a year) were investigated. Potential risk factors of falls were selected by stepwise logistic regression, and a screening tool was constructed based on nomogram. The tool performance was compared with two reference tools (Fried Frailty Phenotype; CGA with 10 items, CGA-10) by using receiver operating curves, sensitivity (Sen), specificity (Spe), and area under the curve (AUC). RESULTS Age, unintentional weight loss, depression measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-2, muscle strength measured by the five times sit-to-stand test, and stand balance measured by semi- and full-tandem standing were the most important risk factors for falls. A fall risk screening tool was constructed with the six measurements (FRST-6). FRST-6 showed the best AUC (Sen, Spe) of 0.75 (Sen = 0.72, Spe = 0.69) for recurrent falls and 0.65 (Sen = 0.74, Spe = 0.48) for any falls. FRST-6 was comparable to CGA-10 and outperformed FFP in performance. CONCLUSIONS Age, depression, weight loss, gait, and balance were important risk factors of falls. The FRST-6 tool based on these factors showed acceptable performance in risk stratification. IMPACT Performing a multifactorial assessment in primary care clinics is urgent for falls prevention. The FRST-6 provides a simple and practical way for falls risk screening. With this tool, healthcare professionals can efficiently identify patients at risk of falling and make appropriate recommendations in resource-limited settings. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION No patient or public contribution was received, due to our study design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Department of Scientific Research, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ji Shen
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Shi
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Lin WQ, Liao YX, Wang JY, Luo LY, Yuan LX, Sun SY, Xu Y, Sun MY, Wang C, Zhou Q, Liu XY, Liu H. Associations between type 2 diabetes mellitus and risk of falls among community-dwelling elderly people in Guangzhou, China: a prospective cohort study. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:717. [PMID: 39210251 PMCID: PMC11363668 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-05314-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have demonstrated that older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a higher risk of falls compared to those without T2DM, which may lead to disability and a lower quality of life. While, limited prospective studies have quantified the associations in southern China. We conducted a longitudinal cohort study to quantify the associations between T2DM and falls and investigate the risk factors of falls among community-dwelling elderly people in Guangzhou, China. METHODS The population-based study included 8800 residents aged 65 and over in 11 counties of Guangzhou at baseline in 2020 and then prospectively followed up through 2022. Of 6169 participants had complete follow-up and were included in the present study. A fall event was identified by self-reported. The Cox regression was applied to quantify the associations between T2DM and falls, and hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated to the factors associated with falls among participants. RESULTS The median follow-up time for participants was 2.42 years. During the follow-up period, the incidence of falls among all participants was 21.96%. After adjusting for covariates in Cox regression models, T2DM remained a significant risk factor for falls, with HR of 1.781 (95% CI: 1.600-1.983) in the unadjusted covariates model and 1.757 (1.577-1.957) in the adjusted covariates model. Female (1.286, 1.136-1.457), older age (≥ 80: 1.448, 1.214-1.729), single marital status (1.239, 1.039-1.477), lower education level (primary school and below: 1.619, 1.004-1.361), hypertension (1.149, 1.026-1.286) and stroke (1.619, 1.176-2.228) were associated with a higher risk of falls, whereas everyday physical exercise (0.793, 0.686-0.918) was associated with a lower risk of falls. CONCLUSION Falls are common, with risks between T2DM and falls quantified and several factors investigated in the longitudinal cohort study among community-dwelling elderly people in Guangzhou, China. Targeted action on the risk factors may reduce the burden of falls in elderly people with T2DM in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Quan Lin
- Department of Basic Public Health, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, 510440, China
- Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University & Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, China
| | - Ying-Xin Liao
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Jing-Ya Wang
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B152TT, UK
| | - Li-Ying Luo
- Department of Basic Public Health, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, 510440, China
| | - Le-Xin Yuan
- Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Huiai Hospital, Guangzhou, 510370, China
| | - Si-Yu Sun
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yue Xu
- Department of Basic Public Health, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, 510440, China
| | - Min-Ying Sun
- Department of Basic Public Health, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, 510440, China
| | - Chang Wang
- Department of Basic Public Health, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, 510440, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Department of Basic Public Health, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, 510440, China
| | - Xiang-Yi Liu
- Department of Basic Public Health, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, 510440, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Basic Public Health, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, 510440, China.
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Kacmaz KS, Unver B, Karatosun V. The reliability and validity of the Lie‑To‑Sit‑To‑Stand‑To‑Walk transfer test in total knee arthroplasty. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2024:10.1007/s00402-024-05520-1. [PMID: 39196402 DOI: 10.1007/s00402-024-05520-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is the standard procedure for treating end-stage knee osteoarthritis. Nevertheless, some residual issues can persist, leading to various problems, including pain, compromised strength, impaired proprioception, postural instability, dynamic balance issues, and gait deficiencies. The Lie-to-Sit-to-Stand-to-Walk Transfer Test (LSSWT) implements a multi-faceted methodology to evaluate basic transfer abilities. The purpose of this study is to investigate the validity, reliability, and minimal clinically important difference of the LSSWT in TKA patients. METHODS Twenty-two patients with TKA were enrolled in this study. The patients were administered the LSSWT, the Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), and the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) knee score. Patients rested between the tests for an hour to prevent fatigue. RESULTS The mean age was 68.1 ± 2.59 years and the mean HSS Knee Score was 85.43 ± 3.47 of the patients. The relative (ICC coefficient) and absolute (SEM and SRD95) reliability values were 0.88, 1.21, and 3.33 respectively. The Spearman correlation coefficient of the LSSWT with the TUG was 0.63. CONCLUSIONS The LSSWT displays excellent reliability and high validity in assessing fall risk, complex dynamic balance, and mobility required for daily activities in patients post-TKA. The low MCID value (3.33) indicates its sensitivity and ability to identify minor changes in a patient's status over time or in response to rehabilitation applications. Therefore, it is recommended to use the LSSWT when evaluating fall risk, dynamic balance, and mobility for community living, discharge planning, or facility admission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevser Sevik Kacmaz
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Cigli- Izmir, TR-35340, Turkey.
| | - Bayram Unver
- Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Dokuz Eylul University, Balçova- Izmir, TR-35340, Turkey
| | - Vasfi Karatosun
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Balçova- Izmir, TR-35340, Turkey
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Wu D, Yu X, Li F, Qiao W, Chen X. Geriatric syndrome awareness and its determinants in China: a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:712. [PMID: 39187760 PMCID: PMC11346047 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-05291-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to investigate the awareness rate of six common geriatric syndromes and related influencing factors among the older adults aged 65 and above in China. METHODS This is a multicenter cross-sectional study involving 6,653 participants aged 65 and older from four regions who completed a questionnaire on geriatric syndrome awareness. The questionnaire covered demographic data, health information, medication usage, and an assessment scale for knowledge of six geriatric syndromes (GS Awareness Scale). RESULTS A total of 6,653 respondents were surveyed, with 5,318 valid questionnaires collected (79.93%), including 1,311 from Zhejiang (24.7%), 1,356 from Beijing (25.5%), 1,373 from Sichuan (25.8%), and 1,278 from Fujian (24.0%). The highest awareness was for falls, with 3,295 individuals (62.0%), followed by dementia with 2,929 individuals (55.1%), malnutrition with 2,907 individuals (54.7%), frailty with 2,156 individuals (40.5%), urinary incontinence with 2,006 individuals (37.7%), and sarcopenia with 1,914 individuals (36.0%). Univariate analysis showed that factors such as region, age, marital status, living situation, educational level, source of respondents, income status, and smoking had statistically significant differences in awareness rates (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression results indicated that the source of respondents significantly affected the awareness rates (P < 0.05), with the older adults from rural areas having an increased risk of lower awareness compared to urban areas; age also significantly influenced the awareness rates (P < 0.05), with older age groups (76-85, 86-95 years) having a higher risk of reduced awareness compared to those aged 65-75 years. CONCLUSIONS The awareness of common geriatric syndromes among the older adults population aged 65 years and older in China is notably low. Consequently, there exists a critical need to enhance the formulation of policies regarding geriatric syndromes across various regions, aiming to elevate health literacy among this demographic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Difei Wu
- Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiyan Yu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Fangzhou Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Wei Qiao
- The First Department of Health Care, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Xujiao Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China.
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Yang F, Simpkins C, Trammell AR, Pagnussat AS. Hamstrings-quadriceps strength ratio could be related to falls in community-living older adults. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2024; 77:102900. [PMID: 38810416 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
A prior study reported that the concentric strength imbalance between hamstrings and quadriceps is associated with falls in older adults. Given that the concentric strength may not be measured as conveniently as the isometric strength, it is meaningful to test whether the isometric hamstring-quadricep strength imbalance is related to falls among older adults. This study sought to explore whether the hamstrings-quadriceps ratio could differentiate fallers from non-fallers in community-dwelling older adults. One hundred and eleven older adults were included in this cross-sectional study. Their isometric knee joint strength capacity (extensors and flexors) was measured. Based on their fall history in the past year, they were classified as fallers (at least one fall) or non-fallers (no fall). The hamstrings-quadriceps ratio was compared between the faller and non-faller groups. The receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to determine the cutoff value of the hamstrings-quadriceps ratio able to best classify fallers and non-fallers. Fallers showed a significantly lower hamstrings-quadriceps ratio than non-fallers (p = 0.008). The receiver operating characteristic analysis identified 0.733 as the best ratio to differentiate fallers from non-fallers with an accuracy of 64.0 %. A 0.1-unit reduction in the hamstrings-quadriceps ratio increases the probability of falling by a factor of 1.30. The hamstrings-quadriceps ratio could be used as an additional fall risk factor when assessing the risk of falls among older adults. A smaller than 0.733 hamstring-quadriceps ratio may indicate a high risk of falls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yang
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta 30303, USA.
| | - Caroline Simpkins
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta 30303, USA
| | | | - Aline S Pagnussat
- Department of Physical Therapy, Georgia State University, Atlanta 30303, USA; Rehabilitation Sciences Graduate Program, Universidate Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Simo-Tabue N, Letchimy L, Mounsamy L, Rinaldo L, Vainqueur L, Ntsama-Essomba MJ, Mallet G, Boucaud-Maitre D, Tabue Teguo M. Association between Polypharmacy and Hospitalization among Older Adults Admitted to Emergency Departments for Falls in Guadeloupe: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1471. [PMID: 39120174 PMCID: PMC11311858 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12151471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Falls are a common geriatric syndrome in older people. Falls are associated with adverse health events such as dependency, unplanned emergency admissions and death. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with fall severity, such as diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, cognitive decline and polypharmacy, as well as sociodemographic characteristics in patients aged 70 years and over admitted to the emergency department in Guadeloupe. Method: A single-center, observational, retrospective study of patients aged 70 years and over admitted to the emergency department (ED) of the University Hospital of Guadeloupe for a fall between 1 May 2018 and 30 April 2019 was conducted. Fall severity was defined as the need for hospitalization. Bivariate analysis was used to determine the associations between fall severity and sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidities, history of falls and polypharmacy (defined as the daily use of at least five drugs). Polypharmacy was analyzed as a binary variable (>5 drugs daily; yes or no) in categories (0-3 (ref.), 4-6, 7-9 and ≥10 drugs). Results: During the study period, 625 patients who attended the ED for a fall were included. The mean age was 82.6 ± 7.6 years, and 51.2% were women. Of these, 277 patients (44.3%) were admitted to the hospital, and 3 patients (0.5%) died. In the bivariate analysis, only polypharmacy was associated with hospitalization for a fall (OR: 1.63 [95% CI: 1.33-2.02]). The odds ratios for the polypharmacy categories were 1.46 [95% CI 0.99-2.14], 1.65 [1.09-2.50] and 1.48 [0.76-2.85] for 4-6, 7-9 and ≥10 drugs, respectively. Conclusions: Polypharmacy was associated with hospitalization as a proxy for fall severity. A regular review of drug prescriptions is essential to reduce polypharmacy in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Simo-Tabue
- Unité de Recherche EpiCliV, Université des Antilles, 97233 Fort-de-France, France
- Service de Gériatrie, CHU de Martinique, 97261 Fort-de-France, France
| | - Laurys Letchimy
- Pôle Gériatrie-Gérontologie, Université des Antilles, 97233 Fort-de-France, France
- CHU de Martinique, 97261 Fort-de-France, France
| | - Ludwig Mounsamy
- CHU Pointe à Pitre, Université des Antilles, 97233 Fort-de-France, France; (L.M.)
| | - Leila Rinaldo
- CHU Pointe à Pitre, Université des Antilles, 97233 Fort-de-France, France; (L.M.)
| | - Larissa Vainqueur
- CHU Pointe à Pitre, Université des Antilles, 97233 Fort-de-France, France; (L.M.)
| | | | - Guillaume Mallet
- CHU Pointe à Pitre, Université des Antilles, 97233 Fort-de-France, France; (L.M.)
| | - Denis Boucaud-Maitre
- Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier, 69500 Bron, France
- Epidémiologie Clinique et Vieillissement (EpiCliV), Université des Antilles, 97233 Fort-de-France, France
| | - Maturín Tabue Teguo
- Unité de Recherche EpiCliV, Université des Antilles, 97233 Fort-de-France, France
- Département de Recherche Clinique et Innovation, CHU de Martinique, 97261 Fort-de-France, France
- Equipe ACTIVE, Université de Bordeaux, 33405 Talence, France
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11
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Lach HW, Salas J, Scherrer JF. Changes in Emergency Department and Inpatient Encounters for Falls after the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Appl Gerontol 2024:7334648241266434. [PMID: 39030725 DOI: 10.1177/07334648241266434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigates changes in clinical encounters due to falls before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS De-identified health record data from a large mid-western health system was used to examine the frequency of emergency department (ED) and inpatient (IP) encounters for falls by month among adults age 50+ (N = 485, 886 patients) using joinpoint regression analysis. Also, overall rates before and during the pandemic were compared using log-binomial models. RESULTS Fall rates increased following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic for IP encounters but not for ED encounters. There were no differences by age, gender, race, or nSES. Monthly IP fall rates increased by 0.68% per month both before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. CONCLUSION Pandemics may occur in the future, and interventions are needed to prevent falls in older adults during the next public health emergency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen W Lach
- Trudy Busch Valentine School of Nursing, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, USA
| | - Joanne Salas
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- The Advanced HEAlth Data (AHEAD) Research Institute, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jeffery F Scherrer
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- The Advanced HEAlth Data (AHEAD) Research Institute, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA
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12
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Khalagi K, Hoveidaei AH, AziziKia H, Karimi A, Sattarpour R, Fahimfar N, Sanjari M, Mansourzadeh MJ, Nabipour I, Larijani B, Ostovar A. Identifying determinants for falls among Iranian older adults: insights from the Bushehr Elderly Health Program. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:588. [PMID: 38982344 PMCID: PMC11232168 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-05180-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Falls are a common cause of fractures in older adults. This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with spontaneous falls among people aged ≥ 60 years in southern Iran. METHODS The baseline data of 2,426 samples from the second stage of the first phase of a prospective cohort, the Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) program, were included in the analysis. A history of spontaneous falls in the year before recruitment was measured by self-report using a standardized questionnaire. Demographic characteristics, as well as a history of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, low back pain, Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, depression, and cancer, were measured using standardized questionnaires. A tandem gait (heel-to-toe) exam, as well as laboratory tests, were performed under standard conditions. A multiple logistic regression model was used in the analysis and fitted backwardly using the Hosmer and Lemeshow approach. RESULTS The mean (standard deviation) age of the participants was 69.34 (6.4) years, and 51.9% of the participants were women. A total of 260 (10.7%, 95% CI (9.5-12.0)%) participants reported a spontaneous fall in the year before recruitment. Adjusted for potential confounders, epilepsy (OR = 4.31), cancer (OR = 2.73), depression (OR = 1.81), low back pain (OR = 1.79), and osteoarthritis (OR = 1.49) increased the risk of falls in older adults, while the ability to stand ≥ 10 s in the tandem gait exam (OR = 0.49), being male (OR = 0.60), engaging in physical activity (OR = 0.69), and having high serum triglyceride levels (OR = 0.72) reduced the risk of falls. CONCLUSION The presence of underlying diseases, combined with other risk factors, is significantly associated with an increased risk of falls among older adults. Given the relatively high prevalence of falls in this population, it is crucial to pay special attention to identifying and addressing these risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazem Khalagi
- Osteoporosis Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute , Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No.10- Jalal-e-ale-ahmad st, Chamran hwy, 14117-13137, Tehran, Iran
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Human Hoveidaei
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hani AziziKia
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Amirali Karimi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Sattarpour
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Noushin Fahimfar
- Osteoporosis Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute , Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No.10- Jalal-e-ale-ahmad st, Chamran hwy, 14117-13137, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Sanjari
- Osteoporosis Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute , Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No.10- Jalal-e-ale-ahmad st, Chamran hwy, 14117-13137, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Mansourzadeh
- Osteoporosis Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute , Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No.10- Jalal-e-ale-ahmad st, Chamran hwy, 14117-13137, Tehran, Iran
| | - Iraj Nabipour
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Ostovar
- Osteoporosis Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute , Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No.10- Jalal-e-ale-ahmad st, Chamran hwy, 14117-13137, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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13
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Dolan H, Pohl J, Pituch K, Coon DW. Perceived balance and self-reported falls: A retrospective cross-sectional study using the National Health and Aging Trend Study. J Clin Nurs 2024; 33:2190-2200. [PMID: 38258499 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
AIMS To examine how perceived balance problems are associated with self-reported falls in the past month after controlling for known correlates of falls among older adults. BACKGROUND Approximately 30% of adults age 65 and older fall each year. Most accidental falls are preventable, and older adults' engagement in fall prevention is imperative. Limited research suggest that older adults do not use the term 'fall risk' to describe their risk for falls. Instead, they commonly use the term 'balance problems'. Yet, commonly used fall risk assessment tools in both primary and acute care do not assess older adults' perceived balance. DESIGN AND METHOD The Health Belief Model and the concept of perceived susceptibility served as the theoretical framework. A retrospective, cross-sectional secondary analysis using data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study from year 2015 was conducted. The outcome variable was self-reported falls in the last month. RESULTS A subsample of independently living participants (N = 7499) was selected, and 10.3% of the sample reported a fall. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the odds of reporting a fall in the past month was 3.4 times (p < .001) greater for participants who self-reported having a balance problem compared to those who did not. In contrast, fear of falling and perceived memory problems were not uniquely associated with falls. Using a mobility device, reporting pain, poor self-rated health status, depression and anxiety scores were also associated with falling. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Older adults' perceived balance problem is strongly associated with their fall risk. Perceived balance may be important to discuss with older adults to increase identification of fall risk. Older adults' perceived balance should be included in nursing fall risk assessments and fall prevention interventions. A focus on balance may increase older adults' engagement in fall prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Dolan
- Arizona State University Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Janet Pohl
- Arizona State University Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Keenan Pituch
- Arizona State University Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - David W Coon
- Arizona State University Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
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14
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Kikkenborg J, Magelund E, Riise MS, Kayser L, Terp R. Knowledge, Skills, and Experience With Technology in Relation to Nutritional Intake and Physical Activity Among Older Adults at Risk of Falls: Semistructured Interview Study. JMIR Hum Factors 2024; 11:e52575. [PMID: 38717810 PMCID: PMC11112469 DOI: 10.2196/52575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND More than one-third of older adults (aged ≥65 y) experience falls every year. The prevalent modifiable risk factors for falling are malnutrition and physical inactivity, among others. The involvement of older adults in the prevention of falls can decrease injuries, hospitalizations, and dependency on health care professionals. In this regard, eHealth can support older adults' self-management through more physical activity and adequate food intake. eHealth must be tailored to older adults' needs and preferences so that they can reap its full benefits. Therefore, it is necessary to gain insight into the knowledge, skills, and mindset of older adults living at home who are at risk of falls regarding eHealth. OBJECTIVE This qualitative study aims to explore older adults' use of everyday digital services and technology and how they acquire knowledge about and manage their nutritional intake and physical activity in relation to their health. METHODS Semistructured interviews were conducted with 15 older adults (n=9, 60% women; n=6, 40% men; age range 71-87 y) who had all experienced falls or were at risk of falling. These individuals were recruited from a geriatric outpatient clinic. The interviews were analyzed using deductive content analysis based on a modification of the Readiness and Enablement Index for Health Technology framework. RESULTS The qualitative data showed that the informants' social networks had a positive impact on their self-management, use of technology, and mindset toward nutritional intake and physical activity. Although the informants generally lived active lives, they all lacked knowledge about how their food intake influenced their physical health, including their risk of falling. Another finding was the large diversity in the use of technology among the informants, which was related to their mindset toward technology. CONCLUSIONS Older adults can use technology for everyday purposes, but some need additional introduction and support to be able to use it for managing their health. They also need to learn about the importance of proper nutritional intake and physical activity in preventing falls. Older adults need a more personalized introduction to technology, nutrition, and physical activity in their contact with health professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Kikkenborg
- Department of Clinical Physiology & Nuclear Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emma Magelund
- Department of Clinical Physiology & Nuclear Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Silke Riise
- Department of Clinical Physiology & Nuclear Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Kayser
- Section of Health Service Research, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rikke Terp
- Department of Internal Medicine, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark
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15
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Huang S, Wang Z, Wu Q, Fan J, Luo J. Combined effect of falling difficulty and cardiovascular diseases on the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in older adults: an analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Eur Geriatr Med 2024; 15:345-357. [PMID: 38032478 DOI: 10.1007/s41999-023-00897-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Older adults with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are prone to falls. This study aimed to analyze the combined effect of falling difficulty and CVD on the risk of all-cause- and CVD mortality in older adults. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, people aged ≥60 years with information on falling difficulty and CVD from the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were selected. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to assess the associations of falling difficulty and CVD with all-cause- and CVD mortality. RESULTS A total of 1409 participants were included, of whom 868 (58.1%) participants died, and 237 (15.0%) died of CVD. The mean age of participants was 72.1 (0.3) years and 825 (64.7%) were female. Older adults with falling difficulty or CVD were associated with an increased risk of all-cause- and CVD mortality. Older adults in the no falling difficulty & CVD group [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.45, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.19-1.78], the falling difficulty & no CVD group (HR = 1.45, 95%CI 1.12-1.89), and the falling difficulty & CVD group (HR = 2.13, 95%CI 1.77-2.56) were related to a higher risk of all-cause mortality compared to those in the no falling difficulty & no CVD group. The combined effect of falling difficulty and CVD was positively correlated with the risk of all-cause mortality (HR = 1.26, 95%CI: 1.18-1.34; P-trend <0.001) and CVD mortality (HR = 1.36, 95%CI: 1.18-1.56; P-trend <0.001). CONCLUSION The combined effect of falling difficulty and CVD was positively associated with the risk of all-cause- and CVD mortality in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Huang
- Department of Gerontology, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fujian, 355000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Department of Gerontology, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fujian, 355000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaohong Wu
- Department of Gerontology, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fujian, 355000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinmao Fan
- Department of Gerontology, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fujian, 355000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji Luo
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Rheumatic Immunology Department, People's Hospital of Chongqing Banan District, No.659, Yunan Street, Banan District, Chongqing, 401320, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Nash P, Clark V, McConnell E, Mills W, Morgan R, Pimentel C, Ritchey K, Levy C, Snow AL, Hartmann C. Improving safety and preventing falls using an evidence-based, front-line staff huddling practice: protocol for a pragmatic trial to increase quality of care in State Veterans Homes. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e084011. [PMID: 38413157 PMCID: PMC10900326 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-084011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Falls in nursing homes are a major cause for decreases in residents' quality of life and overall health. This study aims to reduce resident falls by implementing the LOCK Falls Programme, an evidence-based quality improvement intervention. The LOCK Falls Programme involves the entire front-line care team in (1) focusing on evidence of positive change, (2) collecting data through systematic observation and (3) facilitating communication and coordination of care through the practice of front-line staff huddles. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The study protocol describes a mixed-methods, 4-year hybrid (type 2) effectiveness-implementation study in State Veterans Homes in the USA. The study uses a pragmatic stepped-wedge randomised trial design and employs relational coordination theory and the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance framework to guide implementation and evaluation. A total of eight State Veterans Homes will participate and data will be collected over an 18-month period. Administrative data inclusive of all clinical assessments and Minimum Data Set assessments for Veterans with a State Veterans Home admission or stay during the study period will be collected (8480 residents total). The primary outcome is a resident having any fall. The primary analysis will be a partial intention-to-treat analysis using the rate of participants experiencing any fall. A staff survey (n=1200) and qualitative interviews with residents (n=80) and staff (n=400) will also be conducted. This research seeks to systematically address known barriers to nursing home quality improvement efforts associated with reducing falls. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study is approved by the Central Institutional Review Board (#167059-11). All participants will be recruited voluntarily and will sign informed consent as required. Collection, assessment and managing of solicited and spontaneously reported adverse events, including required protocol alterations, will be communicated and approved directly with the Central Institutional Review Board, the data safety monitoring board and the Office of Research and Development. Study results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations at the Academy Health Annual Research Meeting, the Gerontological Society of America Annual Scientific Meeting and the American Geriatrics Society Annual Meeting. Key stakeholders will also help disseminate lessons learnt. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT05906095.
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Affiliation(s)
- Princess Nash
- Research and Development, Tuscaloosa VA Medical Center, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA
| | - Valerie Clark
- Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research, VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eleanor McConnell
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Durham VA Health Care System, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- School of Nursing, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Whitney Mills
- Center for Innovation in Long-Term Services and Supports, Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Department of Health Services Policy and Practice, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Robert Morgan
- Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research, VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, Massachusetts, USA
- School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Camilla Pimentel
- New England Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Public Health, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Katherine Ritchey
- US Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Puget Sound Healthcare System, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Cari Levy
- Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - A Lynn Snow
- Research and Development, Tuscaloosa VA Medical Center, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA
- Department of Psychology, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA
| | - Christine Hartmann
- Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research, VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Public Health, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA
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17
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Segi N, Nakashima H, Ito S, Ouchida J, Oishi R, Yamauchi I, Miyairi Y, Morita Y, Takegami Y, Ishizuka S, Seki T, Hasegawa Y, Imagama S. Do Postural and Walking Stabilities Change over a Decade by Aging? A Longitudinal Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1081. [PMID: 38398393 PMCID: PMC10889802 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13041081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have demonstrated that the center of gravity (COG) is more unstable in the elderly than in young people. However, it is unclear whether aging itself destabilizes the COG. This study aimed to investigate changes in COG sway and gait kinematics over time by a longitudinal study of middle-aged and elderly adults. METHODS This study included 198 healthy middle-aged and elderly people who underwent stabilometry at ten-year intervals. The participants' mean age at baseline was 62.9 ± 6.5 years, and 77 (39%) of them were male. The results of stabilometry (mean velocity, sway area, postural sway center in the medial-lateral direction [X center], and postural sway center in the anterior-posterior direction [Y center]), and results of exercise tests (the height-adjusted maximum stride length [HMSL] and the 10 m walk test [10MWT]) were analyzed. The destabilized group with 11 participants, whose mean velocity exceeded 3 cm/s after 10 years, was compared with the stable group with 187 participants, whose mean velocity did not exceed 3 cm/s. RESULTS Mean velocity increased significantly over ten years (open-eye, from 1.53 ± 0.42 cm to 1.86 ± 0.67 cm, p < 0.001); however, the sway area did not change significantly. X center showed no significant change, whereas Y center showed a significant negative shift (open-eye, from -1.03 ± 1.28 cm to -1.60 ± 1.56 cm, p < 0.001). Although the results of 10MWT and initial HMSL did not differ significantly, the HMSL in the destabilized group at ten years was 0.64, which was significantly smaller than the 0.72 of others (p = 0.019). CONCLUSIONS The ten-year changes in COG sway in middle-aged and elderly adults were characterized by a significant increase in mean velocity but no significant difference in sway area. Because the destabilized group had significantly smaller HMSL at ten years, instability at the onset of movement is likely to be affected by COG instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Segi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; (N.S.); (S.I.); (J.O.); (R.O.); (I.Y.); (Y.M.); (Y.M.); (Y.T.); (S.I.); (S.I.)
| | - Hiroaki Nakashima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; (N.S.); (S.I.); (J.O.); (R.O.); (I.Y.); (Y.M.); (Y.M.); (Y.T.); (S.I.); (S.I.)
| | - Sadayuki Ito
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; (N.S.); (S.I.); (J.O.); (R.O.); (I.Y.); (Y.M.); (Y.M.); (Y.T.); (S.I.); (S.I.)
| | - Jun Ouchida
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; (N.S.); (S.I.); (J.O.); (R.O.); (I.Y.); (Y.M.); (Y.M.); (Y.T.); (S.I.); (S.I.)
| | - Ryotaro Oishi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; (N.S.); (S.I.); (J.O.); (R.O.); (I.Y.); (Y.M.); (Y.M.); (Y.T.); (S.I.); (S.I.)
| | - Ippei Yamauchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; (N.S.); (S.I.); (J.O.); (R.O.); (I.Y.); (Y.M.); (Y.M.); (Y.T.); (S.I.); (S.I.)
| | - Yuichi Miyairi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; (N.S.); (S.I.); (J.O.); (R.O.); (I.Y.); (Y.M.); (Y.M.); (Y.T.); (S.I.); (S.I.)
| | - Yoshinori Morita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; (N.S.); (S.I.); (J.O.); (R.O.); (I.Y.); (Y.M.); (Y.M.); (Y.T.); (S.I.); (S.I.)
| | - Yasuhiko Takegami
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; (N.S.); (S.I.); (J.O.); (R.O.); (I.Y.); (Y.M.); (Y.M.); (Y.T.); (S.I.); (S.I.)
| | - Shinya Ishizuka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; (N.S.); (S.I.); (J.O.); (R.O.); (I.Y.); (Y.M.); (Y.M.); (Y.T.); (S.I.); (S.I.)
| | - Taisuke Seki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Aichi Medical University Medical Center, Nagakute 444-2148, Japan;
| | - Yukiharu Hasegawa
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kansai University of Welfare Sciences, Osaka 582-0026, Japan;
| | - Shiro Imagama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; (N.S.); (S.I.); (J.O.); (R.O.); (I.Y.); (Y.M.); (Y.M.); (Y.T.); (S.I.); (S.I.)
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Zhou Y, Zhu J, Huang Y, Ma Y, Liu Y, Wu K, Lin Q, Zhou J, Tu T, Liu Q. Physical activity, sedentary behavior, and the risk of frailty and falling: A Mendelian randomization study. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2024; 34:e14582. [PMID: 38349064 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to inconclusive evidence from observational studies regarding the impact of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior on frailty and falling risk, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis to investigate the causal associations between PA, sedentary behavior, and frailty and falls. METHODS We extracted summary data from genome-wide association studies conducted among individuals of European ancestry, encompassing PA (n = 90 667-608 595), sedentary behavior (n = 372 609-526 725), frailty index (n = 175 226), and falling risk (n = 451 179). Single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with accelerometer assessed fraction >425 milligravities, self-reported vigorous activity, moderate to vigorous physical acticity (MVPA), leisure screen time (LST), and sedentary behavior at work were taken as instrumental variables. The causal effects were primarily estimated using inverse variance weighted methods, complemented by several sensitivity and validation analyses. RESULTS Genetically predicted higher levels of PA were significantly associated with a reduction in the frailty index (accelerometer assessed fraction >425 milligravities: β = -0.25, 95% CI = -0.36 to -0.14, p = 1.27 × 10-5 ; self-reported vigorous activity: β = -0.13, 95% CI = -0.20 to -0.05, p = 7.9 × 10-4 ; MVPA: β = -0.28, 95% CI = -0.40 to -0.16, p = 9.9 × 10-6 ). Besides, LST was significantly associated with higher frailty index (β = 0.18, 95% CI = 0.14-0.22, p = 5.2 × 10-20 ) and higher odds of falling (OR = 1.13, CI = 1.07-1.19, p = 6.9 × 10-6 ). These findings remained consistent throughout sensitivity and validation analyses. CONCLUSIONS Our study offers evidence supporting a causal relationship between PA and a reduced risk of frailty. Furthermore, it underscores the association between prolonged LST and an elevated risk of frailty and falls. Therefore, promoting PA and reducing sedentary behavior may be an effective strategy in primary frailty and falls prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiayi Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yunying Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yingxu Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yaozhong Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Keke Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiuzhen Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiabao Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tao Tu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiming Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Buckinx F, Rezoulat M, Lefranc C, Reginster JY, Bruyere O. Comparing remote and face-to-face assessments of physical performance in older adults: A reliability study. Geriatr Nurs 2024; 55:71-78. [PMID: 37976558 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Older people often experience a decline in their physical performance. Tests have been approved to evaluate this performance in person. Yet, the constraints associated with in-person assessments (e.g. lack of medical facilities, pandemic lockdown, and contagion risk) are making us contemplate setting up assessments remotely. OBJECTIVES To determine whether remote physical performance measurements of older adults are reliable and valid compared to face-to-face measurements. METHODS Forty-five subjects aged 65 and over completed the normal/fast speed test (NWT/FWT), the unipodal balance test (UBT), the normal/fast timed up and go test (NTUG/FTUG), the 5 and 10 rep sit to stand test (5STS and 10STS), the 30 sec chair stand (30CS), the 2 minute step test (2MST) and the flexibility before standing (SAD) once face-to-face and twice remotely, by two different observers. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), the standard errors of measurement (SEM%) and minimum detectable changes (MDC%) were calculated for both intra- and inter-observer conditions, to assess the relative and the absolute reliability. An ICC value exceeding 0.90 indicates a very high reliability, while an ICC between 0.70 and 0.89 signifies a high reliability. In clinical practice, a SEM % of less than 10% is considered acceptable. A smaller MDC % indicates a measurement that is more sensitive to detecting changes. RESULTS Intra-observer relative reliability was very high (ICC>0.9) for the UBT, NWT, NTUG, FTUG, 5STS, 10STS, 30CS and the SAD; and high (ICC>0.7) for the 2MST and FWS. SEM% values ranged from 0% to 24.03% and MDC from 0% to 9.93%. Inter-observer relative reliability was considered very high (ICC>0.9) for all tests. SEM% values ranged from 0% to 17.68% and MDC from 0% to 7.32%. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that remote assessments exhibited consistently high to very high levels of intra- and inter-observer relative reliability when compared to face-to-face assessments. Additionally, certain remote evaluations showed acceptable absolute reliability, making them viable alternatives for healthcare professionals when in-person assessments are not feasible in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Buckinx
- WHO Collaborating Center for Epidemiologic aspects of musculo-skeletal health and ageing, Division of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège, Belgium.
| | - Marvin Rezoulat
- Department of physical activity and rehabilitation sciences, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - César Lefranc
- Department of physical activity and rehabilitation sciences, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Jean-Yves Reginster
- WHO Collaborating Center for Epidemiologic aspects of musculo-skeletal health and ageing, Division of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Olivier Bruyere
- WHO Collaborating Center for Epidemiologic aspects of musculo-skeletal health and ageing, Division of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège, Belgium; Department of physical activity and rehabilitation sciences, University of Liège, Belgium
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20
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Uzel AGT, Gosheva M, Neubauer J, Stock L, Bartz-Schmidt KU, Gelisken F. Fall-related ocular trauma in patients over 90 years in tertiary ophthalmic center in Germany: 90-TOSG Report 1. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2024; 262:331-336. [PMID: 37589778 PMCID: PMC10805947 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-023-06202-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the clinical characteristics of fall-related ocular trauma in patients over 90 years of age. METHODS Retrospective, medical record reviews. Patients over the age of 90 years treated in a tertiary center with fall-related ocular trauma were included in the study. RESULTS Fifty consecutive patients (fifty eyes) were analyzed. The mean age was 93.6 ± 1.8 years and 41 patients (82%) were female. The most common site of the injuries was orbital fracture (18 patients, 36%), accompanied with open globe rupture (OGR) in three patients, and globe contusion in two patients. Seventeen patients (34%) presented with OGR. Ocular trauma score in those patients was category 1 in 10 patients (58.8%) and category 2 in the others. Conjunctival hemorrhage and/or periocular contusion was seen in 14 patients (28%) and globe contusion in six patients (12%). At the presentation, the mean best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 2.82 ± 0.24 logMAR in patients with OGR and 1.98 ± 0.81 logMAR in six patients with globe contusion. Three of the patients with OGR had a final vision of 20/200 or better whereas the remaining patients had hand movements or less. The most common risk factors were female gender (82%) and use of antihypertensive drugs (46%). CONCLUSION Patients with OGR had a poor visual outcome despite the early treatment. It is important to raise public awareness about of the poor prognosis of ocular injuries due to falls in the elderly population in order to establish preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariya Gosheva
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
| | - Jonas Neubauer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Lydia Stock
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | | | - Faik Gelisken
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
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21
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Teng L, Wang D, Zhou Z, Sun J, Zhu M, Wang R. Associations among frailty status, hypertension, and fall risk in community-dwelling older adults. Int J Nurs Sci 2024; 11:11-17. [PMID: 38352292 PMCID: PMC10859585 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnss.2023.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Frailty and hypertension often coexist in older adults, which may lead to fall risks. This study aimed to examine the relationship between frailty status, hypertension, and fall risk. Methods In this cross-sectional study, a total of 401 older adults were conveniently recruited from communities in Wuxi, China, between September 2022 and November 2022. The fall risk self-assessment checklist from the Stopping Elderly Accidents, Deaths & Injuries (STEADI) Toolkit was used to evaluate their fall risks. The FRAIL scale questionnaire was used to assess frailty status. Participants' demographic information and comorbidities were collected. Multivariate logistic regression, generalized additive model, and smooth curve fitting were used to analyze the association between frailty, hypertension, and fall risk. Results Frailty had a strong association with increased prevalence of fall risk among the participants (OR 8.52, 95% CI 3.21-22.57; P < 0.001). Hypertension significantly increased the fall risk among older adults (OR 1.87, 95% CI 1.11-3.13; P = 0.019). The group with hypertension and frailty had the highest prevalence of fall risk (OR 12.24, 95% CI 3.51-42.65). Smooth curve fitting showed a nonlinear association between frailty and fall risk in hypertension status. In the progress of pre-frailty to frailty status, a higher tendency to fall was found among older adults with hypertension. Conclusions Frailty status and hypertension independently and jointly influenced the increased prevalence of fall risk. Enhanced frailty and hypertension management may help decrease fall risk among this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Teng
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Danhui Wang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Zhou Zhou
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Sun
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Renrong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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22
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Hunzinger KJ, Law CA, Elser H, Walter AE, Windham BG, Palta P, Juraschek SP, Hicks CW, Gottesman RF, Schneider ALC. Associations Between Head Injury and Subsequent Risk of Falls: Results From the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Neurology 2023; 101:e2234-e2242. [PMID: 37816634 PMCID: PMC10727209 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000207949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Falls are a leading cause of head injury among older adults, but the risk of fall occurring after a head injury is less well-characterized. We sought to examine the association between head injury and subsequent risk of falls requiring hospital care among community-dwelling older adults. METHODS This analysis included 13,081 participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study enrolled in 1987-1989 and followed through 2019. The association of head injury (time-varying exposure, self-reported and/or ICD-9/10 code identified) with the risk of subsequent (occurring >1-month after head injury) falls requiring hospital care (ICD-9/10 code defined) was modeled using Cox proportional hazards regression. Secondary analyses included Fine and Gray proportional hazards regression to account for the competing risk of death, analysis of head injury frequency and severity, and formal testing for interaction by age, sex, and race. Models were adjusted for age, sex, race/center, education, military service, alcohol consumption, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, and psychotropic medication use. RESULTS The mean age of participants at baseline was 54 years, 58% were female, 28% were Black, and 14% had at least one head injury occurring over the study period. Over a median 23 years of follow-up, 29% of participants had a fall requiring medical care. In adjusted Cox proportional hazards models, individuals with head injury had 2.01 (95% CI 1.85-2.18) times the risk of falls compared with individuals without head injury. Accounting for the competing risk of mortality, individuals with head injury had 1.69 (95% CI 1.57-1.82) times the risk of falls compared with individuals without head injury. We observed stronger associations among men compared with women (men: hazard ratio [HR] = 2.60, 95% CI 2.25-3.00; women: HR = 1.80, 95% CI 1.63-1.99, p-interaction <0.001). We observed evidence of a dose-response association for head injury number and severity with fall risk (1 injury: HR = 1.68, 95% CI 1.53-1.84; 2+ injuries: HR = 2.37, 95% CI 1.92-2.94 and mild: HR = 1.97, 95% CI 1.78-2.18; moderate/severe/penetrating: HR = 2.50, 95% CI 2.06-3.02). DISCUSSION Among community-dwelling older adults followed over 30 years, head injury was associated with subsequent falls requiring medical care. We observed stronger associations among men and with increasing number and severity of head injuries. Whether older individuals with head injury might benefit from fall prevention measures should be a focus of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine J Hunzinger
- From the Department of Exercise Science (K.J.H.), Thomas Jefferson University; Department of Neurology (C.A.L., A.E.W., A.L.S.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Department of Neurology (H.E.), Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania; Memory Impairment and Neurodegenerative Dementia (MIND) Center (B.G.W.), University of Mississippi Medical Center; Department of Neurology (P.P.), University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; Department of Medicine (S.P.J.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Department of Surgery (C.W.H.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R.F.G.); Department of Biostatistics (A.L.S.), Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; and Penn Injury Science Center (A.L.S.), University of Pennsylvania.
| | - Connor A Law
- From the Department of Exercise Science (K.J.H.), Thomas Jefferson University; Department of Neurology (C.A.L., A.E.W., A.L.S.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Department of Neurology (H.E.), Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania; Memory Impairment and Neurodegenerative Dementia (MIND) Center (B.G.W.), University of Mississippi Medical Center; Department of Neurology (P.P.), University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; Department of Medicine (S.P.J.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Department of Surgery (C.W.H.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R.F.G.); Department of Biostatistics (A.L.S.), Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; and Penn Injury Science Center (A.L.S.), University of Pennsylvania
| | - Holly Elser
- From the Department of Exercise Science (K.J.H.), Thomas Jefferson University; Department of Neurology (C.A.L., A.E.W., A.L.S.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Department of Neurology (H.E.), Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania; Memory Impairment and Neurodegenerative Dementia (MIND) Center (B.G.W.), University of Mississippi Medical Center; Department of Neurology (P.P.), University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; Department of Medicine (S.P.J.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Department of Surgery (C.W.H.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R.F.G.); Department of Biostatistics (A.L.S.), Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; and Penn Injury Science Center (A.L.S.), University of Pennsylvania
| | - Alexa E Walter
- From the Department of Exercise Science (K.J.H.), Thomas Jefferson University; Department of Neurology (C.A.L., A.E.W., A.L.S.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Department of Neurology (H.E.), Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania; Memory Impairment and Neurodegenerative Dementia (MIND) Center (B.G.W.), University of Mississippi Medical Center; Department of Neurology (P.P.), University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; Department of Medicine (S.P.J.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Department of Surgery (C.W.H.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R.F.G.); Department of Biostatistics (A.L.S.), Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; and Penn Injury Science Center (A.L.S.), University of Pennsylvania
| | - B Gwen Windham
- From the Department of Exercise Science (K.J.H.), Thomas Jefferson University; Department of Neurology (C.A.L., A.E.W., A.L.S.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Department of Neurology (H.E.), Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania; Memory Impairment and Neurodegenerative Dementia (MIND) Center (B.G.W.), University of Mississippi Medical Center; Department of Neurology (P.P.), University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; Department of Medicine (S.P.J.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Department of Surgery (C.W.H.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R.F.G.); Department of Biostatistics (A.L.S.), Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; and Penn Injury Science Center (A.L.S.), University of Pennsylvania
| | - Priya Palta
- From the Department of Exercise Science (K.J.H.), Thomas Jefferson University; Department of Neurology (C.A.L., A.E.W., A.L.S.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Department of Neurology (H.E.), Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania; Memory Impairment and Neurodegenerative Dementia (MIND) Center (B.G.W.), University of Mississippi Medical Center; Department of Neurology (P.P.), University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; Department of Medicine (S.P.J.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Department of Surgery (C.W.H.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R.F.G.); Department of Biostatistics (A.L.S.), Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; and Penn Injury Science Center (A.L.S.), University of Pennsylvania
| | - Stephen P Juraschek
- From the Department of Exercise Science (K.J.H.), Thomas Jefferson University; Department of Neurology (C.A.L., A.E.W., A.L.S.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Department of Neurology (H.E.), Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania; Memory Impairment and Neurodegenerative Dementia (MIND) Center (B.G.W.), University of Mississippi Medical Center; Department of Neurology (P.P.), University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; Department of Medicine (S.P.J.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Department of Surgery (C.W.H.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R.F.G.); Department of Biostatistics (A.L.S.), Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; and Penn Injury Science Center (A.L.S.), University of Pennsylvania
| | - Caitlin W Hicks
- From the Department of Exercise Science (K.J.H.), Thomas Jefferson University; Department of Neurology (C.A.L., A.E.W., A.L.S.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Department of Neurology (H.E.), Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania; Memory Impairment and Neurodegenerative Dementia (MIND) Center (B.G.W.), University of Mississippi Medical Center; Department of Neurology (P.P.), University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; Department of Medicine (S.P.J.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Department of Surgery (C.W.H.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R.F.G.); Department of Biostatistics (A.L.S.), Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; and Penn Injury Science Center (A.L.S.), University of Pennsylvania
| | - Rebecca F Gottesman
- From the Department of Exercise Science (K.J.H.), Thomas Jefferson University; Department of Neurology (C.A.L., A.E.W., A.L.S.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Department of Neurology (H.E.), Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania; Memory Impairment and Neurodegenerative Dementia (MIND) Center (B.G.W.), University of Mississippi Medical Center; Department of Neurology (P.P.), University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; Department of Medicine (S.P.J.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Department of Surgery (C.W.H.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R.F.G.); Department of Biostatistics (A.L.S.), Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; and Penn Injury Science Center (A.L.S.), University of Pennsylvania
| | - Andrea L C Schneider
- From the Department of Exercise Science (K.J.H.), Thomas Jefferson University; Department of Neurology (C.A.L., A.E.W., A.L.S.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Department of Neurology (H.E.), Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania; Memory Impairment and Neurodegenerative Dementia (MIND) Center (B.G.W.), University of Mississippi Medical Center; Department of Neurology (P.P.), University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; Department of Medicine (S.P.J.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Department of Surgery (C.W.H.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R.F.G.); Department of Biostatistics (A.L.S.), Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; and Penn Injury Science Center (A.L.S.), University of Pennsylvania
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23
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Shimizu K, Suzuki H, Isoyama N, Yanagihara Y, Minakuchi S. Influence of wearing complete dentures on control of head position during walking in edentulous older adults. J Oral Rehabil 2023; 50:1012-1019. [PMID: 37221662 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coordination between the trunk and head is considered important for walking stability. Recent studies have reported that wearing complete dentures could improve trunk stability during walking; however, its effect on the head has not been clarified. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to clarify the effect of complete dentures on head stability during walking in edentulous older adults. METHODS Twenty edentulous older adults (11 men and 9 women; mean age, 78.6 ± 5.8 years) who used complete dentures were included in the study. Acceleration and angle rate sensors were placed on the participants' brow, chin and waist, and they were asked to walk a 20-m passage under two conditions: with and without dentures. The outcomes used to assess head stability were the variance values of acceleration and angle rate, the peak-to-peak values, harmonic ratio, root mean square, integrated values of the difference and dynamic time warping data obtained from the sensors. The variance values of the brow acceleration were compared using a paired t-test, and other outcomes were compared using a Wilcoxon signed-rank test. All significance levels were set at 5%. RESULTS In acceleration without dentures, the variance values of the chin and the peak-to-peak values of the brow and chin were significantly larger than with dentures. Angle rate without dentures, the variance values and the peak-to-peak values of the brow and chin were also significantly larger than with dentures. CONCLUSION Wearing complete dentures while walking might improve head stability and contribute to walking stability in edentulous older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kento Shimizu
- Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suzuki
- Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoya Isoyama
- Faculty of Social Information Studies, Otsuma Women's University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuiko Yanagihara
- Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Minakuchi
- Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
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24
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Hida M, Imai R, Nakamura M, Nakao H, Kitagawa K, Wada C, Eto S, Takeda M, Imaoka M. Investigation of factors influencing low physical activity levels in community-dwelling older adults with chronic pain: a cross-sectional study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14062. [PMID: 37640818 PMCID: PMC10462701 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41319-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Low levels of physical activity in individuals with chronic pain can lead to additional functional impairment and disability. This study aims to investigate the predictors of low physical activity levels in individuals with chronic pain, and to determine the accuracy of the artificial neural network used to analyze these predictors. Community-dwelling older adults with chronic pain (n = 103) were surveyed for their physical activity levels and classified into low, moderate, or high physical activity level groups. Chronic pain-related measurements, physical function assessment, and clinical history, which all influence physical activity, were also taken at the same time. Logistic regression analysis and analysis of multilayer perceptron, an artificial neural network algorithm, were performed. Both analyses revealed that history of falls was a predictor of low levels of physical activity in community-dwelling older adults. Multilayer perceptron analysis was shown to have excellent accuracy. Our results emphasize the importance of fall prevention in improving the physical activity levels of community-dwelling older adults with chronic pain. Future cross-sectional studies should compare multiple analysis methods to show results with improved accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsumasa Hida
- Department of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University, 158 Mizuma, Kaizuka, Osaka, 597-0104, Japan.
| | - Ryota Imai
- Department of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University, 158 Mizuma, Kaizuka, Osaka, 597-0104, Japan
| | - Misa Nakamura
- Department of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University, 158 Mizuma, Kaizuka, Osaka, 597-0104, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Nakao
- Department of Physical Therapy, Josai International University, 1 Gumyo, Togane, Chiba, 283-8555, Japan
| | - Kodai Kitagawa
- National Institute of Technology, Hachinohe College, 16-1 Uwanotai, Tamonoki, Hachinohe, Aomori, 039-1192, Japan
| | - Chikamune Wada
- Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Hibikino 2-4, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 808-0135, Japan
| | - Shinji Eto
- Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Hibikino 2-4, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 808-0135, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Takeda
- Department of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University, 158 Mizuma, Kaizuka, Osaka, 597-0104, Japan
| | - Masakazu Imaoka
- Department of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University, 158 Mizuma, Kaizuka, Osaka, 597-0104, Japan
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Bai X, Han B, Zhang M, Liu J, Cui Y, Jiang H. The association between diuretics and falls in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Geriatr Nurs 2023; 52:106-114. [PMID: 37290215 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2023.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diuretic intake increases the risk of falling. However, previous studies have shown inconsistent correlations between diuretics and falls. This meta-analysis aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the relationship between diuretic use and risk of falls in older adult individuals. METHODS Six databases (Cochrane Library, PubMed, Medline, CINAHL, Web of Science, and EMBASE) were searched from their inception to November 9, 2022. The risk of bias was independently evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. A comprehensive meta-analysis was used to analyze the eligible studies. RESULTS Fifteen articles were analyzed. Studies have shown that diuretics can increase the risk of falls in older adult individuals. The probability of falls in older adult individuals who used diuretics was 1.185 times higher than in those who did not take diuretics. CONCLUSION Diuretics were significantly associated with an increased risk of falls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Bai
- School of Nursing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Huashan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Han
- Department of Nursing, Beijing Ji Shui Tan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Man Zhang
- School of Medical, Yan'an University, Yan'an City, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jinfeng Liu
- Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yi Cui
- Department of Nursing, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Huashan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Wang X, Huang XL, Wang WJ, Liao L. Advance care planning for frail elderly: are we missing a golden opportunity? A mixed-method systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e068130. [PMID: 37247960 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-068130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim is to integrate quantitative and qualitative evidence to understand the effectiveness and experience of advance care planning (ACP) for frail elderly. DESIGN A mixed-methods systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted. Quality evaluation was conducted using critical appraisal tools from the Joanna Briggs Institute. Data were synthesised and pooled for meta-analysis or meta-aggregation as needed. DATA SOURCES An electronic search of MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library databases from January 2003 to April 2022. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES We included experimental and mixed-methods studies. The quantitative component attempts to incorporate a broader study design. The qualitative component aids in comprehending the participant's experience with ACP and its efficacy. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Two independent reviewers undertook screening, data extraction and quality assessment. The quantitative and qualitative data were synthesised and integrated using a convergent segregated approach. RESULTS There were 12 158 articles found, and 17 matched the inclusion criteria. The quality of the quantitative component of most included studies (6/10) was rated as low, and the qualitative component of half included studies (4/8) was rated as moderate. The meta-analysis showed that the intervention of ACP for frail elderly effectively increases readiness, knowledge and process of ACP behaviours. The meta-aggregation showed that the participants hold a positive attitude towards ACP and think it facilitates expressing their preferences for the medical decision. CONCLUSION ACP is an effective and feasible strategy to facilitate frail elderly to express their healthcare wishes timely and improve their outcomes. This study could provide proof for a better understanding of the subject and help direct future clinical practice. More well-designed randomised controlled trials evaluating the most effective ACP interventions and tools are needed for the frail elderly population. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42022329615.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinying Wang
- University of South China School of Nursing, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Xin-Lin Huang
- University of South China School of Nursing, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Wei-Jia Wang
- University of South China School of Nursing, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Li Liao
- University of South China School of Nursing, Hengyang, Hunan, China
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Peng J, Ye P, Zhang J, Zhang X, Peng K, He J, Wen L, Wang X, Shi Z, Hu S, Sun F, Gong Z, Sun M, Liu T, Liu X, Ma R, Zhu S, Wu X, Ivers R, Yang M, Tian M. Characteristics of falls among older hip fracture patients from six Chinese hospitals: a post-hoc descriptive analysis. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:284. [PMID: 37170210 PMCID: PMC10176772 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-03971-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is well-established evidence to understand the characteristics of falls among the older patients with hip fracture in many countries, but very little knowledge existed in China. This study described the characteristics of falls in older patients with hip fractures from six Chinese hospitals. METHODS This cross-sectional study is a post-hoc descriptive analysis of a recently completed trial. Eligible patients were aged 65 years and older, with confirmed hip fractures due to falls, and were admitted to the hospital within 21 days of the fracture. All patients were consecutively enrolled and screened within one year (November 15, 2018, to November 14, 2019). The collected data included patient demographics and fall-related information. RESULTS A total of 1,892 patients' fall-related information were described. Most patients with hip fractures caused by falls were in the oldest old age group (60.4% in age group ≥ 80), with an overall average age of 80.7 (7.6) years. There were more females (n = 1,325, 70.0%) than males (n = 567, 30.0%). The majority lived in urban (n = 1,409, 74.5%). Most falls (n = 1,237, 67.3%) occurred during the daytime (6:01-18:00). There were 1,451 patients had their falls occurring at home (76.7%). Lost balance (n = 1,031, 54.5%) was reported as the primary reason to cause falls. The most common activity during a fall was walking (n = 1,079, 57.0%). CONCLUSIONS Although the incidence of fall-related hip fractures in China is unclear, preventing falls and fall-related hip fractures in older people remains an urgent health concern as the ageing society increases. Studies with larger sample size and diverse population are needed to robustly understand this growing epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Peng
- School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Pengpeng Ye
- National Centre for Non-Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ke Peng
- National Clinical Research Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiusheng He
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Shunyi District Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liangyuan Wen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Hospital, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, National Centre of Gerontology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xianhai Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Changping District Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zongxin Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Liangxiang Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Sanbao Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fengpo Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Hospital, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, National Centre of Gerontology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zishun Gong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Liangxiang Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyao Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tingzhuo Liu
- School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xinyan Liu
- School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ruofei Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Peking University Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, 31 Xinjiekou E Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Shiwen Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Peking University Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, 31 Xinjiekou E Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Xinbao Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Peking University Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, 31 Xinjiekou E Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Rebecca Ivers
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Minghui Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Peking University Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, 31 Xinjiekou E Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100035, China.
| | - Maoyi Tian
- School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China.
- The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
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Jadgal MS, Movahed E, Dashti S, Khazir Z, Zareipour M. Preventing falls of the elderly at home: Applying the precaution adoption process model. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2023; 12:115. [PMID: 37397121 PMCID: PMC10312414 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_673_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Falling in the elderly causes a variety of issues such as dependence, decreased self-efficacy, depression and limitation in daily activities, hospitalization and imposition of costs on the individual and society. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevention of falls in the elderly at home by applying the Precaution Adoption Process Model. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this quasi-experimental study, 200 elderly people participated, 100 of whom were in the intervention group and 100 in the control group. The sample was provided via stratified random sampling. The data collection instruments were a researcher-made questionnaire including demographic details, as well as the Precaution Adoption Process Model (PAPM) questionnaire. Educational intervention was performed during four 45-minute sessions, following which the data was analyzed through SPSS 20 software and was evaluated based on the Chi-squared, Mann-Whitney U, Wilcoxon, and Fisher's exact tests. RESULTS Investigating the distribution of participants in the phases of the PAPM indicated that most participants of both the intervention and control groups were in the passive fall prevention phase before treatment. However, after the intervention, most participants of the intervention group were in the active phases of fall prevention, while there were not any significant changes in the control group. Moreover, comparing the mean of the structures of knowledge, sensitivity, severity, benefits, perceived self-efficiency, and the cues to action in terms of preventing falls after the intervention, showed a significant increase in these structures in the intervention group compared to the control group (P < 0.001). Eventually, the findings of the study showed a significant decrease in the percentage of falls of the participants of the intervention group compared to that of the control group after the intervention (P = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS Educational intervention on the basis of the PAPM promoted the elderly precaution from passive phases to active phases of preventing falls, thereby resulting in a decrease in the number of falls of elderly people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Saeed Jadgal
- Tropical and Communicable Diseases Research Center, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran
- Department of Public Health, School of Nursing, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Chabahar, Iran
| | - Ehsan Movahed
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
| | - Saeid Dashti
- Ferdows School of Paramedical and Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Zahra Khazir
- Tabas School of Nursing, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Moradali Zareipour
- Department of Public Health, Khoy University of Medical Sciences, Khoy, Iran
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Ortega-Bastidas P, Gómez B, Aqueveque P, Luarte-Martínez S, Cano-de-la-Cuerda R. Instrumented Timed Up and Go Test (iTUG)-More Than Assessing Time to Predict Falls: A Systematic Review. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:3426. [PMID: 37050485 PMCID: PMC10098780 DOI: 10.3390/s23073426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The Timed Up and Go (TUG) test is a widely used tool for assessing the risk of falls in older adults. However, to increase the test's predictive value, the instrumented Timed Up and Go (iTUG) test has been developed, incorporating different technological approaches. This systematic review aims to explore the evidence of the technological proposal for the segmentation and analysis of iTUG in elderlies with or without pathologies. A search was conducted in five major databases, following PRISMA guidelines. The review included 40 studies that met the eligibility criteria. The most used technology was inertial sensors (75% of the studies), with healthy elderlies (35%) and elderlies with Parkinson's disease (32.5%) being the most analyzed participants. In total, 97.5% of the studies applied automatic segmentation using rule-based algorithms. The iTUG test offers an economical and accessible alternative to increase the predictive value of TUG, identifying different variables, and can be used in clinical, community, and home settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Ortega-Bastidas
- Health Sciences PhD Programme, International Doctoral School, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Madrid, Spain
- Kinesiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, 151 Janequeo St., Concepcion 4030000, Chile
| | - Britam Gómez
- Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Libertador Bernardo O’Higgins Av., Santiago 9170022, Chile
| | - Pablo Aqueveque
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de Concepción, 219 Edmundo Larenas St., Concepción 4030000, Chile
| | - Soledad Luarte-Martínez
- Kinesiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, 151 Janequeo St., Concepcion 4030000, Chile
| | - Roberto Cano-de-la-Cuerda
- Physiotherapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine Department, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Madrid, Spain
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Johnston YA, Reome-Nedlik C, Parker EM, Bergen G, Wentworth L, Bauer M. Preventing Falls Among Older Adults in Primary Care: A Mixed Methods Process Evaluation Using the RE-AIM Framework. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2023; 63:511-522. [PMID: 35917287 PMCID: PMC10258889 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnac111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Falls are a leading cause of injuries and injury deaths for older adults. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Stopping Elderly Accidents Deaths and Injuries (STEADI) initiative, a multifactorial approach to fall prevention, was adapted for implementation within the primary care setting of a health system in upstate New York. The purpose of this article is to: (a) report process evaluation results for this implementation using the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework and (b) examine the utility of RE-AIM for assessing barriers and facilitators. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This evaluation used mixed methods. Qualitative evaluation involved semistructured interviews with key stakeholders and intercept interviews with health care providers and clinic staff. Quantitative methods utilized surveys with clinic staff. Process evaluation tools were developed based on the AIM dimensions of the RE-AIM framework. The study was conducted over a 2-month period, approximately 18 months postimplementation, and complements previously published results of the program's reach and effectiveness. RESULTS Primary barriers by RE-AIM construct included competing organizational priorities (Adoption), competing patient care demands (Implementation), and staff turnover (Maintenance). Primary facilitators included having a physician champion (Adoption), preparing and training staff (Implementation), and communicating about STEADI and recognizing accomplishments (Maintenance). DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS Results revealed a high degree of concordance between qualitative and quantitative analyses. The framework supported assessments of various stakeholders, multiple organizational levels, and the sequence of practice change activities. Mixed methods yielded rich data to inform future implementations of STEADI-based fall prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne A. Johnston
- Division of Public Health, Decker College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York, USA
| | | | - Erin M. Parker
- US Public Health Service, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Gwen Bergen
- National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Leah Wentworth
- National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI), Arlington, Virginia, USA
| | - Michael Bauer
- New York State Department of Health, Bureau of Occupational Health and Injury Prevention, Albany, New York, USA
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Oh M, Ylitalo KR. Association of Cardiovascular Disease and Physical Activity Phenotypes with Falls among Midlife and Older Adults: 2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH EDUCATION 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/19325037.2022.2163008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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Klima D, Austin N, Avila K, Savoy A, Rhoten N, Wehland E, Weimert J, Wolfe J. Student coaching in a rural community fall prevention program: An exploratory study. GERONTOLOGY & GERIATRICS EDUCATION 2023; 44:88-101. [PMID: 35848602 DOI: 10.1080/02701960.2022.2098285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Falls are a significant cause of disability internationally. The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine the effectiveness of a community fall prevention program, Stepping On (SO), using nine student physical therapists and program faculty in a rural setting. A mixed-methods design was utilized. Students partnered with older adults to master exercises, demonstrate floor recovery techniques, and manage community navigation in line with program fidelity. A descriptive survey assessed program outcomes. Students participated in a follow-up focus group to discuss perspectives on their role in the program. One hundred and seventeen community-dwelling older adults (mean age: 75.2 ± 8.5) completed the program. Participants who lived alone were likely to limit their activities because of fear of falling (p = .045). Following SO most subjects (87.7%) described having a better understanding of falls and their causes, with a plan to arise from the floor (82.6%). Focus group themes underscored students' opportunity to facilitate, reinforce safety during mobility activities, and motivate participants. Furthermore, an increased awareness of other professions' contribution to fall prevention was noted. Following a community fall prevention program, older adults have a better understanding of fall prevention and plan for floor recovery. In turn, student coaching skills are reinforced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Klima
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Maryland Hazel Hall, Maryland, USA
| | - Nathan Austin
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Maryland Hazel Hall, Maryland, USA
| | - Katherine Avila
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Maryland Hazel Hall, Maryland, USA
| | - Aspen Savoy
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Maryland Hazel Hall, Maryland, USA
| | - Nicholas Rhoten
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Maryland Hazel Hall, Maryland, USA
| | - Emily Wehland
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Maryland Hazel Hall, Maryland, USA
| | - Jessica Weimert
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Maryland Hazel Hall, Maryland, USA
| | - Jesstine Wolfe
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Maryland Hazel Hall, Maryland, USA
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Zheng Z, Luo H, Xu W, Shi L, Wang F, Qiu Y, Wang L, Xu Y, Sun C, Xue Q. Association between Elevated Magnesium Intake and Reduced Risk of Recurrent Falls and Frailty in Osteoarthritis: Data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative. J Nutr Health Aging 2023; 27:775-784. [PMID: 37754218 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-023-1979-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this 8-year follow-up study was to investigate the relationship between magnesium intake and frailty, as well as recurrent falls, in individuals diagnosed with Osteoarthritis (OA) or those at a heightened risk for developing the condition. METHODS This study utilized data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) database and conducted a prospective cohort study with a 8-year follow-up period. Total magnesium intake from both food sources and supplements was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), while frailty and recurrent falls were evaluated through established criteria and self-report, respectively. To account for potential confounding factors, various covariates were considered, and statistical analyses, including generalized additive mixed models (GAMMs), were employed to examine the associations. RESULTS Among the 4,667 participants with OA, those with lower total magnesium intake were characterized by younger age, a higher proportion of African American individuals, higher body mass index (BMI), and lower dietary fiber intake (P<0.001). Notably, this group exhibited higher odds of experiencing recurrent falls and frailty (P = 0.034 and 0.006, respectively). Controlling for various factors, the GAMMs consistently revealed negative correlations between magnesium intake and the likelihood of frailty and recurrent falls, with each 1 mg/1000 kcal increase in magnesium intake associated with a 0.5% reduced frailty risk (p < 0.001) and a 0.2% decreased risk of recurrent falls (p = 0.001). Subgroup analyses suggested that increased total magnesium intake from both food sources and supplements may exert a more pronounced preventive effect on recurrent falls and frailty in men, older adults, individuals with normal BMI, and those with higher dietary fiber intake. CONCLUSIONS Elevated total magnesium intake from both food sources and supplements was found to be associated with a decreased risk of recurrent falls and frailty in individuals diagnosed with OA or those at risk of developing the condition. These findings imply that increased total magnesium intake might be beneficial in managing the risk of these outcomes, particularly within specific subgroups, including men, older adults, those with a normal BMI, and those with higher dietary fiber intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Zheng
- Qingyun Xue, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NO.1 Da Hua Road, DongDan, Beijing 100730, China, E-mail:
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Tsekoura M, Kastrinis A, Nomikou E, Katsoulaki M. Telerehabilitation and Fall Prevention in Older Adults. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1425:485-489. [PMID: 37581822 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-31986-0_47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this review is to summarize the evidence regarding the use of telerehabilitation in the fall prevention of older adult patients. Medline and Google Scholar databases were searched from July to August 2022 for studies related to telerehabilitation interventions in older adults above 60 years of age. The study included all trials related to the telerehabilitation programs and fall prevention in older adults. The search items included "telerehabilitation," "falls," and "older adults." Five studies were included involving 694 older adults. The interventions included online exercise classes and exercise sessions via digital video disks (DVDs) and phone calls. The results of the present review showed that telerehabilitation offers positive clinical results for fall prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tsekoura
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Patras, Rio, Greece.
| | - A Kastrinis
- Health Assessment and Quality of Life Research Laboratory, Department of Physiotherapy, University of Thessaly, Lamia, Greece
| | - E Nomikou
- "The House" Physio and Rehab Clinic, Athens, Greece
| | - M Katsoulaki
- "Physiodrasis," Physio and Rehab Clinic, Athens, Greece
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Luo Y, Ran H, Deng Y, Li H, Zhang M, Zhao L. Paid caregivers' experiences of falls prevention and care in China's senior care facilities: A phenomenological study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:973827. [PMID: 36875422 PMCID: PMC9978790 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.973827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In China, as population aging accelerates, senior care facilities have gradually become a mainstream option. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the annual rate of falls has increased from 30 to 50% in senior care facilities. A study found that older adults who live in senior care facilities are three times more likely to fall than those who live in the community. The quality of care is highly related to the occurrence of falls. Therefore, exploring paid caregivers' experiences is very important to prevent falls in senior care facilities. Objective The aim of this study was to explore paid caregivers' experiences of fall prevention and care in China's senior care facilities. Furthermore, we discussed the situation and provided suggestions. Design This is a phenomenological study using face-to-face, in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Setting The study was conducted at four senior care facilities in Changsha, Hunan, China. Participants Fourteen paid caregivers in four senior care facilities, including nursing assistants and senior nurses, participated in this study. Methods A purposive sample method was used to select 14 nursing assistants and senior nurses from four different senior care facilities in Changsha from March to April 2022. Every participant individually completed a face-to-face, in-depth, semi-structured interview. Based on the phenomenological research methodology, the thematic analysis method and the Colaizzi analysis method were used for data analysis and theme extraction. Results Based on interview data, a total of seven themes were distilled: (1) paid caregivers' professional requirements; (2) paid caregivers' attitude toward falls; (3) paid caregivers' fall training and education; (4) paid caregivers' knowledge about falls; (5) paid caregivers' fall risk assessment; (6) paid caregivers' fall prevention; and (7) paid caregivers' fall treatment. Conclusion In China's senior care facilities, paid caregivers to need to be responsible and pay appropriate attention to older adults. First, senior nurses and nursing assistants need to enhance communication and cooperation. Second, they must learn about deficiencies in fall risk assessment and try their best to improve their capability. Third, they must adopt appropriate education methods to improve fall prevention capability. Finally, the protection of privacy should be taken seriously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Luo
- Xiang Ya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haiye Ran
- Xiang Ya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuqian Deng
- Xiang Ya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huan Li
- Xiang Ya Second Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mengxi Zhang
- Xiang Ya Second Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liping Zhao
- Xiang Ya Second Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Bao G, Liu Y, Zhang W, Luo Y, Zhu L, Jin J. Accuracy of self-perceived risk of falls among hospitalised adults in China: an observational study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e065296. [PMID: 36549717 PMCID: PMC9791387 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-065296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the accuracy of self-perceived risk of falls in hospitalised adults and explore factors associated with the differences. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING We conducted the study in two tertiary general hospitals located in Zhejiang province and Shandong province in China. PARTICIPANTS 339 patients were recruited using convenient sampling. The majority of them were men (54%), aged 61-70 (40.1%) and had received secondary school education or lower (82%). OUTCOME MEASURES The Fall Risk Perception Questionnaire and the Morse Fall Scale (MFS) were used to measure patients' self-perceived risk of falls and nurses' assessment. Other risk factors of falls were assessed to identify the determinants of disparities. RESULTS Most patients (74.6%) had a high risk of falls according to MFS. Only 61.9% of the patients' perceived risk matched with the assessment of nurses. Nearly one-third (27.5%) underestimated their fall risk, while the remaining (10.6%) overestimated. Multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed that older age, lower number of comorbidities, not having fear of falling and emergency department were the significant factors associated with underestimated risk of falls (p<0.05). Besides, endocrine department and having fall-related injuries were significantly associated with overestimated risk of falls (p<0.05). CONCLUSION Hospitalised patients were proven to be poor at recognising their risk of falls. Measurement of patients' self-perceived and health professionals' assessment of fall risk should be conducted to evaluate the disparity. This study provides a solid foundation to raise medical staff's awareness of the targeted population, identify the underlying factors and implement tailored fall prevention strategies and education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanjun Bao
- Quzhou College of Technology, Quzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuanfei Liu
- Department of Nursing, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ye Luo
- Quzhou College of Technology, Quzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Jinan People's Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Jingfen Jin
- Department of Nursing, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Trauma and Burn of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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Liu M, Peng W, Miyawaki CE, Mo C, Luo Y, Gong N. The bidirectional relationship between homebound status and falls among older adults: a longitudinal study. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:923. [PMID: 36457078 PMCID: PMC9714142 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03588-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research has shown an association between homebound status and falls among older adults. However, this association was primarily drawn from cross-sectional studies. This study aimed to determine the bidirectional relationship between homebound status and falls among older adults in the community. METHODS We used data of the community-dwelling older adults from 2011 to 2015 of the National Health and Aging Trends Study, a nationally representative survey of Medicare Beneficiaries in the United States (Sample 1 [No falls at baseline]: N = 2,512; Sample 2 [Non-homebound at baseline]: N = 2,916). Homebound status was determined by the frequency, difficulty, and needing help for outdoor mobility. Falls were ascertained by asking participants whether they had a fall in the last year. Generalized estimation equation models were used to examine the bidirectional association between homebound status and falls longitudinally. RESULTS Participants with no falls at baseline (n = 2,512) were on average, 76.8 years old, non-Hispanic whites (70.1%), and female (57.1%). After adjusting for demographics and health-related variables, prior year homebound status significantly contributed to falls in the following year (Odds ratio [OR], 1.28, 95% CI: 1.09-1.51). Participants who were non-homebound at baseline (n = 2,916) were on average, 75.7 years old, non-Hispanic white (74.8%), and female (55.8%). Previous falls significantly predicted later homebound status (OR, 1.26, 95% CI: 1.10-1.45) in the full adjusted model. CONCLUSION This is the first longitudinal study to determine the bidirectional association between homebound status and falls. Homebound status and falls form a vicious circle and mutually reinforce each other over time. Our findings suggest the importance of developing programs and community activities that reduce falls and improve homebound status among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhui Liu
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenting Peng
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Christina E. Miyawaki
- grid.266436.30000 0004 1569 9707Graduate College of Social Work, University of Houston, Houston, TX USA
| | - Cen Mo
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuqian Luo
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ni Gong
- grid.431010.7The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road of Yuelu District, Changsha, 410013 China
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Oh M, Ylitalo KR. Joint Association of Diabetes and Physical Activity With Falls Among Midlife and Older Adults: 2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Am J Health Promot 2022:8901171221141077. [DOI: 10.1177/08901171221141077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Purpose We examined joint associations of diabetes and physical activity (PA) with falls. Design Complex survey (cross-sectional) design using the 2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (Response rate was 53% (landline phones) and 46% (cellular phones)). Setting National survey in the U.S. Subjects Adults ≥45 years who self-reported diabetes status, PA, and falls ( n = 295,282; 98.5% of eligible samples; N = 130,103,093) were classified into 4 groups: no diabetes–PA, no diabetes–no PA, diabetes–PA, diabetes–no PA. Measures Self-reported PA, diabetes, falls, and major health characteristics. Analysis Poisson regression models were used to estimate the association of groups with any (≥1 fall) falls. Results Compared to no diabetes–active groups, no diabetes–inactive (Relative Risk (RR) = 1.22; 95% CI: 1.18, 1.26), diabetes–active (RR = 1.25; 95% CI: 1.20, 1.30), and diabetes–inactive (RR = 1.46; 95% CI: 1.41, 1.51) groups were more likely to report falls, independent of tested covariates. Conclusions Leisure-time PA may mitigate the likelihood of falls in adults with and without diabetes. Our findings could be useful for healthcare providers or clinicians to promote the importance of PA in midlife and older adults who are at risk of falls and/or diabetes. More detailed longitudinal information on objectively-estimated PA and a more frequent fall calendar are warranted to prevent recall bias and temporal ambiguity (causality between PA and falls).
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Affiliation(s)
- Minsuk Oh
- Department of Public Health, Robbins College of Health & Human Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Kelly R. Ylitalo
- Department of Public Health, Robbins College of Health & Human Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
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Wang K, Chen M, Zhang X, Zhang L, Chang C, Tian Y, Wang X, Li Z, Ji Y. The Incidence of Falls and Related Factors among Chinese Elderly Community Residents in Six Provinces. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14843. [PMID: 36429561 PMCID: PMC9690932 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192214843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study classified the factors related to falls among residents ≥ 60 years old in China in order to provide evidence for the prevention of falls in the elderly. A total of 2994 participants were enrolled, and the correlations between social demography, physical health, self-health management awareness, family support, and fall risk were analyzed. Factors influencing falls were classified by location, cause, and the activity during falls. Suffering from osteoarthropathy (OR = 1.761, 95% CI: 1.234-2.513, p < 0.05), depression or anxiety (OR = 1.896, 95% CI: 1.331-2.700, p < 0.001), household size > 2 (OR = 1.806, 95% CI: 1.042-3.130, p < 0.05), and poor self-assessed health (OR = 1.478, 95% CI: 1.107-1.972, p < 0.01) were risk factors. Higher participation in community health programs (OR = 0.522, 95% CI: 0.298-0.912, p < 0.05) and spousal support (OR = 0.909, 95% CI: 0.841-0.981, p < 0.05) were protective factors. Falls were divided into the following categories: stairs/hallway (vision, attention problems), bath/toilet (vision, attention problems, slipping), indoor housework (dizziness, leg weakness), and outdoor activities (attention, surface problems). While acknowledging that the personal physical and mental health of the elderly may lead to falls, community support, accelerated transformation of housing, and the construction of barrier-free environments play an important role in reducing the risk of falls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Meijun Chen
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Xiaoyue Zhang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lanchao Zhang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chun Chang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Xinjiekou Community Health Service Center of Xicheng District, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Ronghua Community Health Service Center of Beijing Economic-Technological Development Area, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Zhijing Li
- School of Health Humanities, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ying Ji
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
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Maust DT, Bohnert ASB, Strominger J, Alexander N, Min L, Hoffman GJ, Goldstick JE. Prescription characteristics associated with fall-related injury risk among older adults prescribed benzodiazepines: a cohort study. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:824. [PMID: 36289455 PMCID: PMC9609287 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03497-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Benzodiazepines (BZD) are widely prescribed to older adults despite their association with increased fall injury. Our aim is to better characterize risk-elevating factors among those prescribed BZD. METHODS A retrospective cohort study using a 20% sample of Medicare beneficiaries with Part D prescription drug coverage. Patients with a BZD prescription ("index") between 1 April 2016 and 31 December 2017 contributed to incident (n=379,273) and continuing (n=509,634) cohorts based on prescriptions during a 6-month pre-index baseline. Exposures were index BZD average daily dose and days prescribed; baseline BZD medication possession ratio (MPR) (for the continuing cohort); and co-prescribed central nervous system-active medications. Outcome was a treated fall-related injury within 30 days post-index BZD, examined using Cox proportional hazards adjusting for demographic and clinical covariates and the dose prescribed. RESULTS Among incident and continuing cohorts, 0.9% and 0.7% experienced fall injury within 30 days of index. In both cohorts, injury risk was elevated immediately post-index among those prescribed the lowest quantity: e.g., for <14-day fill (ref: 14-30 days) in the incident cohort, risk was 37% higher the 10 days post-fill (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.37 [95% confidence interval [CI] 1.19-1.59]). Risk was elevated immediately post-index for continuing users with low baseline BZD exposure (e.g., for MPR <0.5 [ref: MPR 0.5-1], HR during days 1-10 was 1.23 [CI 1.08-1.39]). Concurrent antipsychotics and opioids were associated with elevated injury risk in both cohorts (e.g., incident HRs 1.21 [CI 1.03-1.40] and 1.22 [CI 1.07-1.40], respectively; continuing HRs 1.23 [1.10-1.37] and 1.21 [1.11-1.33]). CONCLUSIONS Low baseline BZD exposure and a small index prescription were associated with higher fall injury risk immediately after a BZD fill. Concurrent exposure to antipsychotics and opioids were associated with elevated short-term risk for both incident and continuing cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donovan T Maust
- Injury Prevention Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
- Center for Clinical Management Research, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, 2800 Plymouth Rd, NCRC 016-226W, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States.
| | - Amy S B Bohnert
- Injury Prevention Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Center for Clinical Management Research, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, 2800 Plymouth Rd, NCRC 016-226W, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Julie Strominger
- Center for Clinical Management Research, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, 2800 Plymouth Rd, NCRC 016-226W, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
| | - Neil Alexander
- Injury Prevention Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Geriatric Research Education Clinical Center, Virginia Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Lillian Min
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Geriatric Research Education Clinical Center, Virginia Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | | | - Jason E Goldstick
- Injury Prevention Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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41
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Slagel IC, Hatcher V, Romanowski KS, Skeete DA, Galet C. Frailty in mid-life predicts outcome following trauma. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2022; 49:1071-1078. [PMID: 36266479 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-022-02145-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Midlife adults (50-64 y) are at risk for falls and subsequent injury; yet current guidance on fall screening only pertains to older adults (> 65 y). Herein, we evaluated whether frailty was predictive of readmission for falls in midlife trauma patients. STUDY DESIGN This was a retrospective cohort study of trauma midlife patients admitted for traumatic injuries from 2010 to 2015. Demographics, injury data, fall history, and post-index readmission for falls were collected from medical records. Frailty scores were calculated retrospectively using the Canadian Study of Health and Aging Clinical Frailty Scale (CSHA-CFS). The association between frailty and outcomes was assessed. p < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS A total of 326 midlife patients were included, 54% were considered fit, 33.7% pre-frail, and 12.3% frail. Compared to their fit and pre-frail counterparts, frail patients were more likely to be female (67.5% vs. 46.3% vs. 36.3%, p < 0.001), have a history of fall (22.5% vs. 15.5% vs. 6.2%, p < 0.001), and to have suffered a ground level fall on index admission (52.5% vs. 20% vs. 5.7%, p < 0.001). Controlling for age, BMI, gender, race, and fall history, frailty was associated with readmission of midlife adults for falls (OR = 1.82 [1.23-2.69]; p = 0.003) and discharge to skilled nursing facilities (OR = 26.86 [8.03-89.81], p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Pre-injury frailty may be an effective tool to predict risk of readmission for fall and discharge disposition in midlife trauma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac C Slagel
- Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Victor Hatcher
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Kathleen S Romanowski
- Division of Burn Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Dionne A Skeete
- Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Colette Galet
- Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
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Cao YT, Wang JJ, Yang YT, Zhu SJ, Zheng LD, Lu WW, Zhu R, Wu T. Effect of home-based exercise programs with e-devices on falls among community-dwelling older adults: a meta-analysis. J Comp Eff Res 2022; 11:1201-1217. [PMID: 36148921 DOI: 10.2217/cer-2022-0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To explore the effectiveness of home-based exercise programs with e-devices (HEPEs) on falls among community-dwelling older adults. Methods: Twelve randomized controlled trials were included in the meta-analysis considering four fall-related outcomes. Results: HEPEs significantly reduced the rate of falls (risk ratio: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.72-0.95; p = 0.006) and improved lower extremity strength (mean difference: -0.94; 95% CI: -1.71 to -0.47; p < 0.001). There was a significant improvement favoring HEPEs on balance if the participants were aged >75 years (mean difference: -0.55; 95% CI: -1.05 to -0.05; p = 0.03), or the intervention duration was at least 16 weeks (mean difference: -0.81; 95% CI: -1.58 to -0.05; p = 0.04). Conclusion: HEPEs demonstrated an overall positive effect on falls among community-dwelling older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Cao
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Key Laboratory of Spine & Spinal Cord Injury Repair & Regeneration of the Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 389 Xincun Road, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Jian-Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Spine & Spinal Cord Injury Repair & Regeneration of the Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 389 Xincun Road, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Yi-Ting Yang
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Key Laboratory of Spine & Spinal Cord Injury Repair & Regeneration of the Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 389 Xincun Road, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Shi-Jie Zhu
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Key Laboratory of Spine & Spinal Cord Injury Repair & Regeneration of the Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 389 Xincun Road, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Liang-Dong Zheng
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Key Laboratory of Spine & Spinal Cord Injury Repair & Regeneration of the Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 389 Xincun Road, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Wei-Wei Lu
- Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Rui Zhu
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Key Laboratory of Spine & Spinal Cord Injury Repair & Regeneration of the Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 389 Xincun Road, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
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Yamada M, Kimura Y, Ishiyama D, Otobe Y, Suzuki M, Koyama S, Arai H. Combined effect of lower muscle quality and quantity on incident falls and fall-related fractures in community-dwelling older adults: A 3-year follow-up study. Bone 2022; 162:116474. [PMID: 35752409 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2022.116474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Falls and fractures are serious geriatric adverse events worldwide, and skeletal muscle is considered to be a key factor in these incidents. The objective of this study was to investigate the combined effect of lower muscle quality and quantity on the incidence of falls and fall-related fractures in a 3-year follow-up period among community-dwelling older adults. METHODS We recruited community-dwelling adults aged 65 years and older who were living independently in 2018. A total of 773 older participants were analyzed in this study. The outcomes were incident falls and fall-related fractures during the 3-year follow-up period. At baseline, we assessed muscle quality and quantity using ultrasonography, and we categorized the participants into four groups based on their combination of poor/better muscle quality and poor/better muscle quantity. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) of the relationships among items in the four groups and the time to incident falls and fall-related fractures. RESULTS During the 3-year follow-up period, 178 participants (23.0 %) had a fall incident and 51 participants (6.6 %) had fall-related fractures. Older adults with lower muscle quality and quantity had significantly elevated risks of incident falls according to multivariate analyses using older adults with better muscle quality and quantity as the reference (adjusted HR: 1.54 [95 % CI 1.06-2.23]). However, there were no significant differences in fall-related fractures among the four groups. CONCLUSION We found that lower muscle quality and quantity led to higher incidents of falls; thus, identifying community-dwelling older adults with lower muscle quality and quantity is necessary to provide them fall preventive measures and maybe to reduce fall-related outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoru Yamada
- Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 3-29-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-0012, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kimura
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 3-29-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-0012, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ishiyama
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 3-29-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-0012, Japan
| | - Yuhei Otobe
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 3-29-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-0012, Japan
| | - Mizue Suzuki
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 3-29-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-0012, Japan
| | - Shingo Koyama
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 3-29-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-0012, Japan
| | - Hidenori Arai
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan.
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Jin J, Wen S, Li Y, Zhou M, Duan Q, Zhou L. Factors associated with higher falling risk in elderly diabetic patients with lacunar stroke. BMC Endocr Disord 2022; 22:198. [PMID: 35941681 PMCID: PMC9358832 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01122-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study is to explore the factors associated with the fall risk in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with a lacunar stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS We compiled data of 146 T2D patients (mean age 68 years), including the Morse fall scale data (MFS), nutrition score, self-care scale, laboratory data, and data from continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) from 2019 to 2021 in Shanghai Pudong Hospital. Thereby, we evaluated the associations between MFS and other clinical parameters. RESULTS The analyses showed that there were significantly increased size and numbers of lacunar infarction (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the greater risk group had an older mean age (p < 0.05), and significant decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), total triglyceride (TG), while increased microalbuminuria, magnesium, lipoprotein A (LP(a)), anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) (p < 0.05). However, the time in range (TIR) was very comparable (p > 0.05). The correlational study revealed the higher score of MFS was associated with the age (r = 0.41), number of lacunar infarction (r = 0.18), nutrition score (r = 0.20), self-care score (r = - 0.43), serum creatine level (r = 0.19), eGFR (r = - 0.26) (p < 0.05). The total numbers of lacunar infarction were associated with age (r = 0.36), eGFR (r = - 0.40), homocysteine level (r = 0.33) (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Age, nutrition, self-care ability, and renal function are all critical factors associated with the risk of fall in T2D with lacunar infarction. The age, eGFR, and homocysteine are closely associated with lacunar infarction, suggesting that in T2D, evaluation of kidney dysfunction, homocysteine level in the elderly can predict lacunar infarcts and falls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlan Jin
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201399, China
| | - Song Wen
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201399, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201399, China
| | - Mingyue Zhou
- Helen Driller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Qingqing Duan
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201399, China
| | - Ligang Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201399, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Vascular Lesions Regulation and Remodeling, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Shanghai, 201399, China.
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Figueiredo AI, Balbinot G, Brauner FO, Schiavo A, de Souza Urbanetto M, Mestriner RG. History of falls alters movement smoothness and time taken to complete a functional mobility task in the oldest-old: A case-control study. Exp Gerontol 2022; 167:111918. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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46
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Pereira C, Rosado H, Almeida G, Bravo J. Dynamic performance-exposure algorithm for falling risk assessment and prevention of falls in community-dwelling older adults. Geriatr Nurs 2022; 47:135-144. [PMID: 35914490 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to design a dynamic performance-exposure algorithm for falling risk assessment and prevention of falls in community-dwelling older adults. It involved a cross-sectional and follow-up survey assessing retrospective and prospective falls and respective performance-related, exposure and performance-exposure risk factors. In total, 500 Portuguese community-dwelling adults participated. Data modelling showed significant (p<0.05) relationships between the above risk factors and selected nine key ordered outcomes explaining falls to include in the algorithm: previous falls; health conditions; balance; lower strength; perceiving action boundaries; fat mass; environmental hazards; rest periods; and physical activity. Respective high-, moderate- and low-risk cutoffs were established. The results demonstrated a dynamic relationship between older adults' performance capacity and the exposure to fall opportunity, counterbalanced by the action boundary perception, supporting the build algorithm's conceptual framework. Fall prevention measures should consider the factors contributing most to the individual risk of falling and their distance from low-risk safe values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Pereira
- Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal; Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal.
| | - Hugo Rosado
- Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal; Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal
| | - Gabriela Almeida
- Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal; Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal
| | - Jorge Bravo
- Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal; Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal
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47
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Zhou R, Li J, Chen M. The Value of Cognitive and Physical Function Tests in Predicting Falls in Older Adults: A Prospective Study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:900488. [PMID: 35865170 PMCID: PMC9294354 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.900488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Previous studies suggested that physical and cognitive function can be indicators to assess the risk of falls in the elderly. Various tests are widely used in geriatric clinical studies as assessment tools of physical and cognitive function. However, large sample studies comparing the fall predictive value of these tests are still sparse. This study was conducted to investigate the value of cognitive and physical function tests in predicting the risk of subsequent falls in the elderly, with the overarching goal of providing more evidence on fall-risk assessment. Methods The current study was based on the data of respondents aged 60 and above from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Data from the 2015 CHARLS national survey were used as the baseline data, and the fall data in 2018 were used as the follow-up data. Physical function tests included balance, walking speed, the five times sit-to-stand test (FTSST), and grip strength. The value of cognitive and physical function tests in predicting falls was evaluated by logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results The incidence of falls among the 4,857 subjects included in this study was 20.86%. Results showed that cognition (OR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.70–0.98), the FTSST (OR = 3.51, 95% CI: 1.66–7.46), and grip strength (OR = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01–1.03) were independent predictors of falls in the full sample after adjusting for various confounders. Notably, the above tests showed better predictive value for falls for the oldest-old (≥ 80 years) subjects. Conclusion Overall, results showed that grip strength, the FTSST, and cognition tests are simple and practicable tools for identifying individuals at higher risk of falls in the community. Moreover, the fall predictive performance of physical and cognitive function tests was age-dependent, with a higher predictive value in older adults aged 80 and above.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhou
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiayu Li
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meiling Chen
- School of Humanities and Management, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Meiling Chen,
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Zhou R, Li J, Chen M. The Association Between Cognitive Impairment and Subsequent Falls Among Older Adults: Evidence From the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:900315. [PMID: 35784248 PMCID: PMC9240660 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.900315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Previous studies have suggested that cognitive impairment is associated with falls in older adults. However, the consistency of results among different subgroups defined by multiple characteristics of the elderly has not yet been tested. Additionally, results are inconsistent regarding the effects of different cognitive domains on falls. Therefore, this study sought to use representative data from a nationwide study to better understand the longitudinal association between cognitive impairment and subsequent falls in older adults. Methods The current study was conducted based on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) data of respondents aged ≥60 years in 2015 and the fall data in 2018. The respondents were divided into subgroups according to different demographic characteristics. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to adjust for various confounding factors and evaluate the association between cognitive impairment and falls. Results Of the 5,110 respondents included in this study, 1,093 (21.39%) had falls within the last 2 years. A significant association was found between cognitive impairment and subsequent falls (OR = 0.97, 95% CI 0.95–0.99, P = 0.001) after adjusting for all of the covariates related to falls. Analysis of different cognitive domains showed that orientation (OR = 0.94, 95% CI 0.90–0.99, P = 0.013) and memory (OR = 0.93, 95% CI 0.90–0.97, P = 0.001) were significantly associated with falls. In subgroup analysis, the ORs of people aged 60–74 years, male, with lower education level were 0.97 (95% CI 0.95–0.99, P = 0.008), 0.96 (95% CI 0.93–0.98, P = 0.001), and 0.97 (95% CI 0.95–0.99, P = 0.001), respectively, suggesting that the associations were also statistically significant in these subgroups. There was also a significant association both in urban (OR = 0.97, 95% CI 0.95–0.99, P = 0.001) and in rural residents (OR = 0.97, 95% CI 0.95–0.99, P = 0.003). Conclusions Our results suggest that the associations between cognition and falls vary depending on the different demographic characteristics of older adults. These findings may be useful for designing more accurate identification and intervention for the fall risk for specific high-risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhou
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiayu Li
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meiling Chen
- School of Humanities and Management, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Meiling Chen
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Axelsson KF, Woessner MN, Litsne H, Wheeler M, Flehr A, King AJ, Kalén M, Vandenput L, Lorentzon M. Eating disorders are associated with increased risk of fall injury and fracture in Swedish men and women. Osteoporos Int 2022; 33:1347-1355. [PMID: 35088102 PMCID: PMC9106600 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-022-06312-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED In this retrospective cohort study, men and women with eating disorders (n = 8867) had higher risk of injurious falls and hip fractures than age, sex, and county-matched controls (n = 88670). INTRODUCTION Eating disorders have been associated with decreased bone mineral density and increased fracture risk, but the association with fall injuries without fracture has not previously been investigated. Furthermore, fracture risk in men with eating disorders has been insufficiently studied. METHODS In the present study, 8867 patients (9.4% men) with a diagnosed eating disorders and 88670 age-, sex-, and county-matched controls were investigated. RESULTS The mean (standard deviation) age of the patients and controls was 41.6 (13.7) years and the follow-up time 9.6 (5.2, 14.4) years (median, interquartile range) for patients and 10.1 (5.5, 14.2) years for controls. The proportions of injurious falls without fracture (17.3% vs. 9.0%) and of hip fracture (1.6% vs. 0.7%) were substantially greater in patients with an eating disorder than in their corresponding population controls. In an unadjusted Cox proportional hazards model, individuals with an eating disorder had a higher risk of injurious falls without fracture (Hazard ratio (HR) 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.07 (1.96-2.18), and hip fracture (HR 2.30 (1.92-2.75)) than the risk observed in the controls. The HR for any investigated outcome associated with an eating disorder did not differ by sex or age (interaction term p > 0.10). The risk of injurious falls without fracture and hip fracture was increased in both women (HR 2.07 (1.95-2.19) and HR 2.41 (1.98-2.93), respectively) and men (HR 2.09 (1.76-2.49) and HR 1.84(1.12-3.02), respectively), with an eating disorder. CONCLUSION The risk of injurious falls without fracture and of hip fracture is increased in both women and men with eating disorders, indicating measures to prevent both falls and fractures are important in these patients, regardless of age and sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- K F Axelsson
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Närhälsan Norrmalm Health Centre, Skövde, Sweden
| | - M N Woessner
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHES), Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - H Litsne
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - M Wheeler
- Mary McKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A Flehr
- Mary McKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A J King
- Mary McKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - M Kalén
- Region Västra Götaland, Department of Psychiatry, Skaraborgs Hospital, Skövde, Sweden
| | - L Vandenput
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Mary McKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - M Lorentzon
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Mary McKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia.
- Region Västra Götaland, Geriatric Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Building K, 6th Floor, 431 80, Mölndal, Sweden.
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50
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Andreeva O, Ding W, Leveille SG, Cai Y, Chen P. Fall risk assessment through a synergistic multi-source DNN learning model. Artif Intell Med 2022; 127:102280. [DOI: 10.1016/j.artmed.2022.102280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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