1
|
Martinez A, Stemm-Wolf AJ, Sheridan RM, Taliaferro MJ, Pearson CG. The Unkempt RNA binding protein reveals a local translation program in centriole overduplication. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.29.605660. [PMID: 39131325 PMCID: PMC11312568 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.29.605660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Excess centrosomes cause defects in mitosis, cell-signaling, and cell migration, and therefore their assembly is tightly regulated. Plk4 controls centriole duplication at the heart of centrosome assembly, and elevation of Plk4 promotes centrosome amplification (CA), a founding event of tumorigenesis. Here, we investigate the transcriptional consequences of elevated Plk4 and find Unkempt, a gene encoding an RNA binding protein with roles in translational regulation, to be one of only two upregulated mRNAs. Unk protein localizes to centrosomes and Cep131-positive centriolar satellites and is required for Plk4-induced centriole overduplication in an RNA-binding dependent manner. Translation is enriched at centrosomes and centriolar satellites with Unk and Cep131 promoting this localized translation. A transient centrosomal downregulation of translation occurs early in Plk4-induced CA. CNOT9, an Unk interactor and component of the translational inhibitory CCR4-NOT complex, localizes to centrosomes at this time. In summary, centriolar satellites and Unk promote local translation as part of a translational program that ensures centriole duplication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Martinez
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Alexander J. Stemm-Wolf
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Ryan M. Sheridan
- RNA Bioscience Initiative (RBI), University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora CO 80045
| | - Matthew J. Taliaferro
- RNA Bioscience Initiative (RBI), University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora CO 80045
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Chad G. Pearson
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Oluwole OG. The analyses of human MCPH1 DNA repair machinery and genetic variations. Open Med (Wars) 2024; 19:20240917. [PMID: 38463519 PMCID: PMC10921449 DOI: 10.1515/med-2024-0917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Causal mutations in the MCPH1 gene have been associated with disorders like microcephaly, and recently congenital hearing impairment. This study examined the MCPH1 DNA repair machinery and identified genetic variations of interest in gnomAD database to discuss the biological roles and effects of rare variants in MCPH1-related diseases. Notably, MCPH1 coordinates two of the seven known mechanisms of DNA repair which confirmed its roles in neurogenesis and chromatin condensation. A pathogenic missense variant in MCPH1 p.Gly753Arg, and two pathogenic frameshifts MCPH1 p.Asn189LysfsTer15 and p.Cys624Ter identified in this study, already had entries in ClinVar and were associated with microcephaly. A pathogenic frameshift in MCPH1 p.Val10SerfsTer5 with a loss-of-function flag and a pathogenic stop gained p.Ser571Ter variants with ultra-rare allele frequency (MAF ≤ 0.001) were identified but have not been linked to any phenotype. The predicted pathogenic ultra-rare variants identified in this study, warranty phenotypic discovery, and also positioned these variants or nearby deleterious variants candidate for screening in MCPH1-associated rare diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oluwafemi G Oluwole
- Biomedical Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
- Division of Human Genetics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Non-communicable Diseases Department, Institute of Primate Research, Nairobi, Kenya
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Owens JW, Hopkin RJ, Martin LJ, Kodani A, Simpson BN. Phenotypic variability in Joubert syndrome is partially explained by ciliary pathophysiology. Ann Hum Genet 2024; 88:86-100. [PMID: 37921557 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Joubert syndrome (JS) arises from defects of primary cilia resulting in potential malformations of the brain, kidneys, eyes, liver, and limbs. Several of the 35+ genes associated with JS have recognized genotype/phenotype correlations, but most genes have not had enough reported individuals to draw meaningful conclusions. METHODS A PubMed literature review identified 688 individuals with JS across 32 genes and 112 publications to bolster known genotype/phenotype relationships and identify new correlations. All included patients had the "molar tooth sign" and a confirmed genetic diagnosis. Individuals were categorized by age, ethnicity, sex and the presence of developmental disability/intellectual disability, hypotonia, abnormal eye movements, ataxia, visual impairment, renal impairment, polydactyly, and liver abnormalities. RESULTS Most genes demonstrated unique phenotypic profiles. Grouping proteins based on physiologic interactions established stronger phenotypic relationships that reflect known ciliary pathophysiology. Age-stratified data demonstrated that end-organ disease is progressive in JS. Most genes demonstrated a significant skew towards having variants with either residual protein function or no residual protein function. CONCLUSION This cohort demonstrates that clinically meaningful genotype/phenotype relationships exist within most JS-related genes and can be referenced to allow for more personalized clinical care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua W Owens
- UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Division of Human Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Robert J Hopkin
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Division of Human Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Lisa J Martin
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Division of Human Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Andrew Kodani
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Center for Pediatric Neurological Disease Research, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Brittany N Simpson
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Division of Human Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Farcy S, Hachour H, Bahi-Buisson N, Passemard S. Genetic Primary Microcephalies: When Centrosome Dysfunction Dictates Brain and Body Size. Cells 2023; 12:1807. [PMID: 37443841 PMCID: PMC10340463 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary microcephalies (PMs) are defects in brain growth that are detectable at or before birth and are responsible for neurodevelopmental disorders. Most are caused by biallelic or, more rarely, dominant mutations in one of the likely hundreds of genes encoding PM proteins, i.e., ubiquitous centrosome or microtubule-associated proteins required for the division of neural progenitor cells in the embryonic brain. Here, we provide an overview of the different types of PMs, i.e., isolated PMs with or without malformations of cortical development and PMs associated with short stature (microcephalic dwarfism) or sensorineural disorders. We present an overview of the genetic, developmental, neurological, and cognitive aspects characterizing the most representative PMs. The analysis of phenotypic similarities and differences among patients has led scientists to elucidate the roles of these PM proteins in humans. Phenotypic similarities indicate possible redundant functions of a few of these proteins, such as ASPM and WDR62, which play roles only in determining brain size and structure. However, the protein pericentrin (PCNT) is equally required for determining brain and body size. Other PM proteins perform both functions, albeit to different degrees. Finally, by comparing phenotypes, we considered the interrelationships among these proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Farcy
- UMR144, Institut Curie, 75005 Paris, France;
- Inserm UMR-S 1163, Institut Imagine, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Hassina Hachour
- Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique, DMU INOV-RDB, APHP, Hôpital Robert Debré, 75019 Paris, France;
| | - Nadia Bahi-Buisson
- Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique, DMU MICADO, APHP, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, 75015 Paris, France;
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm UMR-S 1163, Institut Imagine, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Passemard
- Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique, DMU INOV-RDB, APHP, Hôpital Robert Debré, 75019 Paris, France;
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm UMR 1141, NeuroDiderot, 75019 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dell'Amico C, Angulo Salavarria MM, Takeo Y, Saotome I, Dell'Anno MT, Galimberti M, Pellegrino E, Cattaneo E, Louvi A, Onorati M. Microcephaly-associated protein WDR62 shuttles from the Golgi apparatus to the spindle poles in human neural progenitors. eLife 2023; 12:e81716. [PMID: 37272619 PMCID: PMC10241521 DOI: 10.7554/elife.81716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
WDR62 is a spindle pole-associated scaffold protein with pleiotropic functions. Recessive mutations in WDR62 cause structural brain abnormalities and account for the second most common cause of autosomal recessive primary microcephaly (MCPH), indicating WDR62 as a critical hub for human brain development. Here, we investigated WDR62 function in corticogenesis through the analysis of a C-terminal truncating mutation (D955AfsX112). Using induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) obtained from a patient and his unaffected parent, as well as isogenic corrected lines, we generated 2D and 3D models of human neurodevelopment, including neuroepithelial stem cells, cerebro-cortical progenitors, terminally differentiated neurons, and cerebral organoids. We report that WDR62 localizes to the Golgi apparatus during interphase in cultured cells and human fetal brain tissue, and translocates to the mitotic spindle poles in a microtubule-dependent manner. Moreover, we demonstrate that WDR62 dysfunction impairs mitotic progression and results in alterations of the neurogenic trajectories of iPSC neuroderivatives. In summary, impairment of WDR62 localization and function results in severe neurodevelopmental abnormalities, thus delineating new mechanisms in the etiology of MCPH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Dell'Amico
- Department of Biology, Unit of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of PisaPisaItaly
| | | | - Yutaka Takeo
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Neuroscience, Yale School of MedicineNew HavenUnited States
| | - Ichiko Saotome
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Neuroscience, Yale School of MedicineNew HavenUnited States
| | | | - Maura Galimberti
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di MilanoMilanItaly
- INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica MolecolareMilanItaly
| | - Enrica Pellegrino
- Department of Biology, Unit of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of PisaPisaItaly
- Host-Pathogen Interactions in Tuberculosis Laboratory, The Francis Crick InstituteLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Elena Cattaneo
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di MilanoMilanItaly
- INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica MolecolareMilanItaly
| | - Angeliki Louvi
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Neuroscience, Yale School of MedicineNew HavenUnited States
| | - Marco Onorati
- Department of Biology, Unit of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of PisaPisaItaly
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cao M, Zou X, Li C, Lin Z, Wang N, Zou Z, Ye Y, Seemann J, Levine B, Tang Z, Zhong Q. An actin filament branching surveillance system regulates cell cycle progression, cytokinesis and primary ciliogenesis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1687. [PMID: 36973243 PMCID: PMC10042869 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37340-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of cell cycle control and defects of primary ciliogenesis are two features of many cancers. Whether these events are interconnected and the driving mechanism coordinating them remains elusive. Here, we identify an actin filament branching surveillance system that alerts cells of actin branching insufficiency and regulates cell cycle progression, cytokinesis and primary ciliogenesis. We find that Oral-Facial-Digital syndrome 1 functions as a class II Nucleation promoting factor to promote Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin branching. Perturbation of actin branching promotes OFD1 degradation and inactivation via liquid-to-gel transition. Elimination of OFD1 or disruption of OFD1-Arp2/3 interaction drives proliferating, non-transformed cells into quiescence with ciliogenesis by an RB-dependent mechanism, while it leads oncogene-transformed/cancer cells to incomplete cytokinesis and irreversible mitotic catastrophe via actomyosin ring malformation. Inhibition of OFD1 leads to suppression of multiple cancer cell growth in mouse xenograft models. Thus, targeting OFD1-mediated actin filament branching surveillance system provides a direction for cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muqing Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaoxiao Zou
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, China
| | - Chaoyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, China
| | - Zaisheng Lin
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, China
| | - Ni Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongju Zou
- Center for Autophagy Research, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Youqiong Ye
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Joachim Seemann
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Beth Levine
- Center for Autophagy Research, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Zaiming Tang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, China.
| | - Qing Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Arora S, Rana M, Sachdev A, D’Souza JS. Appearing and disappearing acts of cilia. J Biosci 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-023-00326-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
|
8
|
Hall EA, Kumar D, Prosser SL, Yeyati PL, Herranz-Pérez V, García-Verdugo JM, Rose L, McKie L, Dodd DO, Tennant PA, Megaw R, Murphy LC, Ferreira MF, Grimes G, Williams L, Quidwai T, Pelletier L, Reiter JF, Mill P. Centriolar satellites expedite mother centriole remodeling to promote ciliogenesis. eLife 2023; 12:e79299. [PMID: 36790165 PMCID: PMC9998092 DOI: 10.7554/elife.79299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Centrosomes are orbited by centriolar satellites, dynamic multiprotein assemblies nucleated by Pericentriolar material 1 (PCM1). To study the requirement for centriolar satellites, we generated mice lacking PCM1, a crucial component of satellites. Pcm1-/- mice display partially penetrant perinatal lethality with survivors exhibiting hydrocephalus, oligospermia, and cerebellar hypoplasia, and variably expressive phenotypes such as hydronephrosis. As many of these phenotypes have been observed in human ciliopathies and satellites are implicated in cilia biology, we investigated whether cilia were affected. PCM1 was dispensable for ciliogenesis in many cell types, whereas Pcm1-/- multiciliated ependymal cells and human PCM1-/- retinal pigmented epithelial 1 (RPE1) cells showed reduced ciliogenesis. PCM1-/- RPE1 cells displayed reduced docking of the mother centriole to the ciliary vesicle and removal of CP110 and CEP97 from the distal mother centriole, indicating compromised early ciliogenesis. Similarly, Pcm1-/- ependymal cells exhibited reduced removal of CP110 from basal bodies in vivo. We propose that PCM1 and centriolar satellites facilitate efficient trafficking of proteins to and from centrioles, including the departure of CP110 and CEP97 to initiate ciliogenesis, and that the threshold to trigger ciliogenesis differs between cell types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma A Hall
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Dhivya Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Suzanna L Prosser
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health SystemTorontoCanada
| | - Patricia L Yeyati
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Vicente Herranz-Pérez
- Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of ValenciaValenciaSpain
- Predepartamental Unit of Medicine, Jaume I UniversityCastelló de la PlanaSpain
| | | | - Lorraine Rose
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Lisa McKie
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Daniel O Dodd
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Peter A Tennant
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Roly Megaw
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Laura C Murphy
- Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Marisa F Ferreira
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Graeme Grimes
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Lucy Williams
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Tooba Quidwai
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Laurence Pelletier
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health SystemTorontoCanada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of TorontoUniversity of TorontoCanada
| | - Jeremy F Reiter
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoUnited States
- Chan Zuckerberg BiohubSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Pleasantine Mill
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Odabasi E, Conkar D, Deretic J, Batman U, Frikstad KAM, Patzke S, Firat-Karalar EN. CCDC66 regulates primary cilium length and signaling via interactions with transition zone and axonemal proteins. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:286879. [PMID: 36606424 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.260327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary cilium is a microtubule-based organelle that serves as a hub for many signaling pathways. It functions as part of the centrosome or cilium complex, which also contains the basal body and the centriolar satellites. Little is known about the mechanisms by which the microtubule-based ciliary axoneme is assembled with a proper length and structure, particularly in terms of the activity of microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) and the crosstalk between the different compartments of the centrosome or cilium complex. Here, we analyzed CCDC66, a MAP implicated in cilium biogenesis and ciliopathies. Live-cell imaging revealed that CCDC66 compartmentalizes between centrosomes, centriolar satellites, and the ciliary axoneme and tip during cilium biogenesis. CCDC66 depletion in human cells causes defects in cilium assembly, length and morphology. Notably, CCDC66 interacts with the ciliopathy-linked MAPs CEP104 and CSPP1, and regulates axonemal length and Hedgehog pathway activation. Moreover, CCDC66 is required for the basal body recruitment of transition zone proteins and intraflagellar transport B (IFT-B) machinery. Overall, our results establish CCDC66 as a multifaceted regulator of the primary cilium and provide insight into how ciliary MAPs and subcompartments cooperate to ensure assembly of functional cilia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ezgi Odabasi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Deniz Conkar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Jovana Deretic
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Umut Batman
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Kari-Anne M Frikstad
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, OUH-Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo N-0379, Norway
| | - Sebastian Patzke
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, OUH-Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo N-0379, Norway
| | - Elif Nur Firat-Karalar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey.,School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang L, Teng Y, Hu H, Zhu H, Wen J, Liang D, Li Z, Wu L. Two novel variants in CEP152 caused Seckel syndrome 5 in a Chinese family. Front Genet 2023; 13:1052915. [PMID: 36685824 PMCID: PMC9845263 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1052915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Seckel syndrome (SCKL) is a rare autosomal recessive inherited disorder, which is mainly characterized by intrauterine and postnatal growth restrictions, microcephaly, intellectual disability, and a typical "bird-head" facial appearance. Here, we aimed to identify the genetic etiology of a family with suspected SCKL. Methods: This study enrolled a Chinese family suspected of SCKL with their detailed family history and clinical data. We performed karyotype analysis, copy number variation sequencing (CNV-seq), and trio whole-exome sequencing (WES) to explore the genetic etiology in the proband. Furthermore, the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) were conducted to confirm the pathogenicity of novel variants. Results: The karyotype analysis and CNV-seq were normal in the proband. Two novel variants in CEP152, c.1060C>T (p.Arg354*) and c.1414-14A>G, were identified in the proband through trio-WES. The qPCR results showed that the total CEP152 mRNA expression levels were significantly reduced in c.1060C>T (p.Arg354*) and c.1414-14A>G compared with healthy control individuals. Moreover, aberrant skipping of exon 12 due to the non-canonical splice-site variant was revealed by RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing. Conclusion: Our findings expanded pathogenic variant spectra in SCKL and offered new insights into the pathogenicity of a non-classical splice-site variant in CEP152, which provided additional information for helping the family improve pregnancy plans in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Center for Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanling Teng
- Center for Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haoran Hu
- Center for Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huimin Zhu
- Center for Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Juan Wen
- Center for Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Desheng Liang
- Center for Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,Hunan Jiahui Genetics Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhuo Li
- Center for Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,*Correspondence: Lingqian Wu, ; Zhuo Li,
| | - Lingqian Wu
- Center for Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,Hunan Jiahui Genetics Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China,*Correspondence: Lingqian Wu, ; Zhuo Li,
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Arora S, Rana M, Sachdev A, D'Souza JS. Appearing and disappearing acts of cilia. J Biosci 2023; 48:8. [PMID: 36924208 PMCID: PMC10005925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
The past few decades have seen a rise in research on vertebrate cilia and ciliopathy, with interesting collaborations between basic and clinical scientists. This work includes studies on ciliary architecture, composition, evolution, and organelle generation and its biological role. The human body has cells that harbour any of the following four types of cilia: 9+0 motile, 9+0 immotile, 9+2 motile, and 9+2 immotile. Depending on the type, cilia play an important role in cell/fluid movement, mating, sensory perception, and development. Defects in cilia are associated with a wide range of human diseases afflicting the brain, heart, kidneys, respiratory tract, and reproductive system. These are commonly known as ciliopathies and affect millions of people worldwide. Due to their complex genetic etiology, diagnosis and therapy have remained elusive. Although model organisms like Chlamydomonas reinhardtii have been a useful source for ciliary research, reports of a fascinating and rewarding translation of this research into mammalian systems, especially humans, are seen. The current review peeks into one of the complex features of this organelle, namely its birth, the common denominators across the formation of both 9+0 and 9+2 ciliary types, the molecules involved in ciliogenesis, and the steps that go towards regulating their assembly and disassembly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shashank Arora
- School of Biological Sciences, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, Kalina Campus, Santacruz (E), Mumbai 400098, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Forni G, Mikheyev AS, Luchetti A, Mantovani B. Gene transcriptional profiles in gonads of Bacillus taxa (Phasmida) with different cytological mechanisms of automictic parthenogenesis. ZOOLOGICAL LETTERS 2022; 8:14. [PMID: 36435814 PMCID: PMC9701443 DOI: 10.1186/s40851-022-00197-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of automixis - i.e., meiotic parthenogenesis - requires several features, including ploidy restoration after meiosis and maintenance of fertility. Characterizing the relative contribution of novel versus pre-existing genes and the similarities in their expression and sequence evolution is fundamental to understand the evolution of reproductive novelties. Here we identify gonads-biased genes in two Bacillus automictic stick-insects and compare their expression profile and sequence evolution with a bisexual congeneric species. The two parthenogens restore ploidy through different cytological mechanisms: in Bacillus atticus, nuclei derived from the first meiotic division fuse to restore a diploid egg nucleus, while in Bacillus rossius, diploidization occurs in some cells of the haploid blastula through anaphase restitution. Parthenogens' gonads transcriptional program is found to be largely assembled from genes that were already present before the establishment of automixis. The three species transcriptional profiles largely reflect their phyletic relationships, yet we identify a shared core of genes with gonad-biased patterns of expression in parthenogens which are either male gonads-biased in the sexual species or are not differentially expressed there. At the sequence level, just a handful of gonads-biased genes were inferred to have undergone instances of positive selection exclusively in the parthenogen species. This work is the first to explore the molecular underpinnings of automixis in a comparative framework: it delineates how reproductive novelties can be sustained by genes whose origin precedes the establishment of the novelty itself and shows that different meiotic mechanisms of reproduction can be associated with a shared molecular ground plan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giobbe Forni
- Dip. Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali (BiGeA), University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
- Dip. Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Alexander S Mikheyev
- Australian National University, ACT, Canberra, 2600, Australia
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Andrea Luchetti
- Dip. Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali (BiGeA), University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Barbara Mantovani
- Dip. Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali (BiGeA), University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ying Z, Wang K, Wu J, Wang M, Yang J, Wang X, Zhou G, Chen H, Xu H, Sze SCW, Gao F, Li C, Sha O. CCHCR1-astrin interaction promotes centriole duplication through recruitment of CEP72. BMC Biol 2022; 20:240. [PMID: 36280838 PMCID: PMC9590400 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-022-01437-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The centrosome is one of the most important non-membranous organelles regulating microtubule organization and progression of cell mitosis. The coiled-coil alpha-helical rod protein 1 (CCHCR1, also known as HCR) gene is considered to be a psoriasis susceptibility gene, and the protein is suggested to be localized to the P-bodies and centrosomes in mammalian cells. However, the exact cellular function of HCR and its potential regulatory role in the centrosomes remain unexplored. RESULTS We found that HCR interacts directly with astrin, a key factor in centrosome maturation and mitosis. Immunoprecipitation assays showed that the coiled-coil region present in the C-terminus of HCR and astrin respectively mediated the interaction between them. Astrin not only recruits HCR to the centrosome, but also protects HCR from ubiquitin-proteasome-mediated degradation. In addition, depletion of either HCR or astrin significantly reduced centrosome localization of CEP72 and subsequent MCPH proteins, including CEP152, CDK5RAP2, and CEP63. The absence of HCR also caused centriole duplication defects and mitotic errors, resulting in multipolar spindle formation, genomic instability, and DNA damage. CONCLUSION We conclude that HCR is localized and stabilized at the centrosome by directly binding to astrin. HCR are required for the centrosomal recruitment of MCPH proteins and centriolar duplication. Both HCR and astrin play key roles in keeping normal microtubule assembly and maintaining genomic stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenguang Ying
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Developmental Biology, Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Kaifang Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Developmental Biology, Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Junfeng Wu
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Developmental Biology, Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Mingyu Wang
- Medical AI Laboratory, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Developmental Biology, Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Developmental Biology, Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Guowei Zhou
- Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Haibin Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515000, China
| | - Hongwu Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515000, China
- Department of Clinically Oriented Anatomy, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515000, China
| | - Stephen Cho Wing Sze
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hongkong, 999077, China
- Golden Meditech Centre for NeuroRegeneration Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hongkong, 999077, China
| | - Feng Gao
- School of Dentistry, Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Chunman Li
- Department of Anatomy, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515000, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515000, China.
| | - Ou Sha
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Developmental Biology, Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
- School of Dentistry, Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
An J, Yang L, Pan Y, He Y, Xie H, Tao Y, Li W, Yan Y, Chen S, Liu Y, Ma X, An L, Ji D, Su Z, Sheng J. SPAG5 Activates PI3K/AKT Pathway and Promotes the Tumor Progression and Chemo-Resistance in Gastric Cancer. DNA Cell Biol 2022; 41:893-902. [PMID: 36264549 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2021.0531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The sperm-associated antigen 5 (SPAG5) is an important protein in mitosis and cell cycle checkpoint regulation, with more attention as a novel oncogene in various cancers. High level of SPAG5 expression has been detected in our clinical gastric cancer (GC) samples and The Cancer Genome Atlas GC data. However, the bio-function and potential mechanism of SPAG5 in GC remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of SPAG5 in GC development and the correlation between SPAG5 and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment. SPAG5 expression was increased in GC samples compared with that in normal tissues (80.8% vs. 22.0%), which was apparently associated with a worse outcome. Biological experiments showed that knockdown of SPAG5 induced apoptosis and suppressed proliferation in cells and animal models. Downregulation of SPAG5 enhanced the sensitivity of 5-FU in GC cells. Gene microarray chip identified 856 upregulated and 787 downregulated genes in SPAG5 silencing cells. Furthermore, 12 significant genes, including CDKN1A, CDKN1B, EIF4E, MAPK1, and HSP90B1, belonged to the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway using ingenuity pathway analysis. Meanwhile, real-time PCR and Western blotting results showed that knockdown of SPAG5 inhibited PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Collectively, SPAG5 promotes the growth of GC cells by regulating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, which could be the promising target gene in GC therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan An
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Qinghai University, Xi'ning, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xi'ning, China
| | - Lang Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the 7th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanming Pan
- Department of Cancer Research Center, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqi He
- Department of Gastroenterology, the 7th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, the 7th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yurong Tao
- Department of Gastroenterology, the 7th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Cancer Research Center, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yupeng Yan
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Qinghai University, Xi'ning, China
| | - Siai Chen
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Qinghai University, Xi'ning, China
| | - Ya Liu
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Qinghai University, Xi'ning, China
| | - Xiaoming Ma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tumor Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xi'ning, China
| | - Ling An
- Department of Internal Medicine, Qinghai People's Hospital, Xi'ning, China
| | - Dongde Ji
- Department of Internal Medicine, Qinghai People's Hospital, Xi'ning, China
| | - Zhanhai Su
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Qinghai University, Xi'ning, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xi'ning, China
| | - Jianqiu Sheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, the 7th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Laporte MH, Bouhlel IB, Bertiaux E, Morrison CG, Giroud A, Borgers S, Azimzadeh J, Bornens M, Guichard P, Paoletti A, Hamel V. Human SFI1 and Centrin form a complex critical for centriole architecture and ciliogenesis. EMBO J 2022; 41:e112107. [PMID: 36125182 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022112107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the course of evolution, the centrosome function has been conserved in most eukaryotes, but its core architecture has evolved differently in some clades, with the presence of centrioles in humans and a spindle pole body (SPB) in yeast. Similarly, the composition of these two core elements has diverged, with the exception of Centrin and SFI1, which form a complex in yeast to initiate SPB duplication. However, it remains unclear whether this complex exists at centrioles and whether its function has been conserved. Here, using expansion microscopy, we demonstrate that human SFI1 is a centriolar protein that associates with a pool of Centrin at the distal end of the centriole. We also find that both proteins are recruited early during procentriole assembly and that depletion of SFI1 results in the loss of the distal pool of Centrin, without altering centriole duplication. Instead, we show that SFI1/Centrin complex is essential for centriolar architecture, CEP164 distribution, and CP110 removal during ciliogenesis. Together, our work reveals a conserved SFI1/Centrin module displaying divergent functions between mammals and yeast.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marine H Laporte
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Imène B Bouhlel
- Institut Curie, UMR 144, CNRS, PSL University, Paris, France
| | - Eloïse Bertiaux
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ciaran G Morrison
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Centre for Chromosome Biology, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Alexia Giroud
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Borgers
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Michel Bornens
- Institut Curie, UMR 144, CNRS, PSL University, Paris, France
| | - Paul Guichard
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Anne Paoletti
- Institut Curie, UMR 144, CNRS, PSL University, Paris, France
| | - Virginie Hamel
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kodani A, Knopp KA, Di Lullo E, Retallack H, Kriegstein AR, DeRisi JL, Reiter JF. Zika virus alters centrosome organization to suppress the innate immune response. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e52211. [PMID: 35793002 PMCID: PMC9442309 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202052211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a flavivirus transmitted via mosquitoes and sex to cause congenital neurodevelopmental defects, including microcephaly. Inherited forms of microcephaly (MCPH) are associated with disrupted centrosome organization. Similarly, we found that ZIKV infection disrupted centrosome organization. ZIKV infection disrupted the organization of centrosomal proteins including CEP63, a MCPH-associated protein. The ZIKV nonstructural protein NS3 bound CEP63, and expression of NS3 was sufficient to alter centrosome architecture and CEP63 localization. Loss of CEP63 suppressed ZIKV-induced centrosome disorganization, indicating that ZIKV requires CEP63 to disrupt centrosome organization. ZIKV infection or CEP63 loss decreased the centrosomal localization and stability of TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1), a regulator of the innate immune response. ZIKV infection also increased the centrosomal accumulation of the CEP63 interactor DTX4, a ubiquitin ligase that degrades TBK1. Therefore, we propose that ZIKV disrupts CEP63 function to increase centrosomal DTX4 localization and destabilization of TBK1, thereby tempering the innate immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Kodani
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Center for Pediatric Neurological Disease ResearchSt. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTNUSA
| | - Kristeene A Knopp
- Department of Biochemistry and BiophysicsUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
- Chan Zuckerberg BiohubSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Elizabeth Di Lullo
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell ResearchUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Hanna Retallack
- Department of Biochemistry and BiophysicsUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
- Chan Zuckerberg BiohubSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Arnold R Kriegstein
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell ResearchUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Joseph L DeRisi
- Department of Biochemistry and BiophysicsUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
- Chan Zuckerberg BiohubSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Jeremy F Reiter
- Department of Biochemistry and BiophysicsUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
- Chan Zuckerberg BiohubSan FranciscoCAUSA
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Le Borgne P, Greibill L, Laporte MH, Lemullois M, Bouhouche K, Temagoult M, Rosnet O, Le Guennec M, Lignières L, Chevreux G, Koll F, Hamel V, Guichard P, Tassin AM. The evolutionary conserved proteins CEP90, FOPNL, and OFD1 recruit centriolar distal appendage proteins to initiate their assembly. PLoS Biol 2022; 20:e3001782. [PMID: 36070319 PMCID: PMC9484695 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In metazoa, cilia assembly is a cellular process that starts with centriole to basal body maturation, migration to the cell surface, and docking to the plasma membrane. Basal body docking involves the interaction of both the distal end of the basal body and the transition fibers/distal appendages, with the plasma membrane. Mutations in numerous genes involved in basal body docking and transition zone assembly are associated with the most severe ciliopathies, highlighting the importance of these events in cilium biogenesis. In this context, the ciliate Paramecium has been widely used as a model system to study basal body and cilia assembly. However, despite the evolutionary conservation of cilia assembly events across phyla, whether the same molecular players are functionally conserved, is not fully known. Here, we demonstrated that CEP90, FOPNL, and OFD1 are evolutionary conserved proteins crucial for ciliogenesis. Using ultrastructure expansion microscopy, we unveiled that these proteins localize at the distal end of both centrioles/basal bodies in Paramecium and mammalian cells. Moreover, we found that these proteins are recruited early during centriole duplication on the external surface of the procentriole. Functional analysis performed both in Paramecium and mammalian cells demonstrate the requirement of these proteins for distal appendage assembly and basal body docking. Finally, we show that mammalian centrioles require another component, Moonraker (MNR), to recruit OFD1, FOPNL, and CEP90, which will then recruit the distal appendage proteins CEP83, CEP89, and CEP164. Altogether, we propose that this OFD1, FOPNL, and CEP90 functional module is required to determine in mammalian cells the future position of distal appendage proteins. CEP90, FOPNL and OFD1 form an evolutionary conserved module which promotes the assembly of centriolar distal appendages. This study uses ultrastructure expansion microscopy to reveal the recruitment of this module on early-born procentrioles to in turn recruit centriolar distal appendage proteins, proposing that this dictates the future location of distal appendages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierrick Le Borgne
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Logan Greibill
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marine Hélène Laporte
- University of Geneva, Section of Biology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Michel Lemullois
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Khaled Bouhouche
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Mebarek Temagoult
- Imagerie-Gif Light facility, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Olivier Rosnet
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Maeva Le Guennec
- University of Geneva, Section of Biology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Lignières
- ProteoSeine@IJM, Université de Paris/CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Chevreux
- ProteoSeine@IJM, Université de Paris/CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, France
| | - France Koll
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Virginie Hamel
- University of Geneva, Section of Biology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Paul Guichard
- University of Geneva, Section of Biology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Anne-Marie Tassin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hao L, Ma J, Wu F, Ma X, Qian M, Sheng W, Yan T, Tang N, Jiang X, Zhang B, Xiao D, Qian Y, Zhang J, Jiang N, Zhou W, Chen W, Ma D, Huang G. WDR62 variants contribute to congenital heart disease by inhibiting cardiomyocyte proliferation. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e941. [PMID: 35808830 PMCID: PMC9270576 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect and has high heritability. Although some susceptibility genes have been identified, the genetic basis underlying the majority of CHD cases is still undefined. Methods A total of 1320 unrelated CHD patients were enrolled in our study. Exome‐wide association analysis between 37 tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) patients and 208 Han Chinese controls from the 1000 Genomes Project was performed to identify the novel candidate gene WD repeat‐containing protein 62 (WDR62). WDR62 variants were searched in another expanded set of 200 TOF patients by Sanger sequencing. Rescue experiments in zebrafish were conducted to observe the effects of WDR62 variants. The roles of WDR62 in heart development were examined in mouse models with Wdr62 deficiency. WDR62 variants were investigated in an additional 1083 CHD patients with similar heart phenotypes to knockout mice by multiplex PCR‐targeting sequencing. The cellular phenotypes of WDR62 deficiency and variants were tested in cardiomyocytes, and the molecular mechanisms were preliminarily explored by RNA‐seq and co‐immunoprecipitation. Results Seven WDR62 coding variants were identified in the 237 TOF patients and all were indicated to be loss of function variants. A total of 25 coding and 22 non‐coding WDR62 variants were identified in 80 (6%) of the 1320 CHD cases sequenced, with a higher proportion of WDR62 variation (8%) found in the ventricular septal defect (VSD) cohort. WDR62 deficiency resulted in a series of heart defects affecting the outflow tract and right ventricle in mouse models, including VSD as the major abnormality. Cell cycle arrest and an increased number of cells with multipolar spindles that inhibited proliferation were observed in cardiomyocytes with variants or knockdown of WDR62. WDR62 deficiency weakened the association between WDR62 and the cell cycle‐regulated kinase AURKA on spindle poles, reduced the phosphorylation of AURKA, and decreased expression of target genes related to cell cycle and spindle assembly shared by WDR62 and AURKA. Conclusions WDR62 was identified as a novel susceptibility gene for CHD with high variant frequency. WDR62 was shown to participate in the cardiac development by affecting spindle assembly and cell cycle pathway in cardiomyocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Hao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Ma
- ENT institute, Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feizhen Wu
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojing Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Maoxiang Qian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Sheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tizhen Yan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Ning Tang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Medical Laboratory of Nantong ZhongKe, Nantong, Jiangsu
| | - Bowen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Deyong Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyan Qian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhao Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weicheng Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Duan Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoying Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Research Unit of Early Intervention of Genetically Related Childhood Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Schatton D, Di Pietro G, Szczepanowska K, Veronese M, Marx MC, Braunöhler K, Barth E, Müller S, Giavalisco P, Langer T, Trifunovic A, Rugarli EI. CLUH controls astrin-1 expression to couple mitochondrial metabolism to cell cycle progression. eLife 2022; 11:74552. [PMID: 35559794 PMCID: PMC9135405 DOI: 10.7554/elife.74552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Proliferating cells undergo metabolic changes in synchrony with cell cycle progression and cell division. Mitochondria provide fuel, metabolites, and ATP during different phases of the cell cycle, however it is not completely understood how mitochondrial function and the cell cycle are coordinated. CLUH (clustered mitochondria homolog) is a post-transcriptional regulator of mRNAs encoding mitochondrial proteins involved in oxidative phosphorylation and several metabolic pathways. Here, we show a role of CLUH in regulating the expression of astrin, which is involved in metaphase to anaphase progression, centrosome integrity, and mTORC1 inhibition. We find that CLUH binds both the SPAG5 mRNA and its product astrin, and controls the synthesis and the stability of the full-length astrin-1 isoform. We show that CLUH interacts with astrin-1 specifically during interphase. Astrin-depleted cells show mTORC1 hyperactivation and enhanced anabolism. On the other hand, cells lacking CLUH show decreased astrin levels and increased mTORC1 signaling, but cannot sustain anaplerotic and anabolic pathways. In absence of CLUH, cells fail to grow during G1, and progress faster through the cell cycle, indicating dysregulated matching of growth, metabolism, and cell cycling. Our data reveal a role of CLUH in coupling growth signaling pathways and mitochondrial metabolism with cell cycle progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Giada Di Pietro
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Karolina Szczepanowska
- Institute for Mitochondrial Diseases and Ageing, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Matteo Veronese
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | | | - Esther Barth
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stefan Müller
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Langer
- Langer Department, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Aleksandra Trifunovic
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Elena I Rugarli
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Hoffmann I. Role of Polo-like Kinases Plk1 and Plk4 in the Initiation of Centriole Duplication-Impact on Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:786. [PMID: 35269408 PMCID: PMC8908989 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Centrosomes nucleate and anchor microtubules and therefore play major roles in spindle formation and chromosome segregation during mitosis. Duplication of the centrosome occurs, similar to DNA, only once during the cell cycle. Aberration of the centrosome number is common in human tumors. At the core of centriole duplication is the conserved polo-like kinase 4, Plk4, and two structural proteins, STIL and Sas-6. In this review, I summarize and discuss developments in our understanding of the first steps of centriole duplication and their regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Hoffmann
- F045, Cell Cycle Control and Carcinogenesis, Im Neuenheimer Feld 242, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ossola C, Kalebic N. Roots of the Malformations of Cortical Development in the Cell Biology of Neural Progenitor Cells. Front Neurosci 2022; 15:817218. [PMID: 35069108 PMCID: PMC8766818 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.817218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The cerebral cortex is a structure that underlies various brain functions, including cognition and language. Mammalian cerebral cortex starts developing during the embryonic period with the neural progenitor cells generating neurons. Newborn neurons migrate along progenitors’ radial processes from the site of their origin in the germinal zones to the cortical plate, where they mature and integrate in the forming circuitry. Cell biological features of neural progenitors, such as the location and timing of their mitoses, together with their characteristic morphologies, can directly or indirectly regulate the abundance and the identity of their neuronal progeny. Alterations in the complex and delicate process of cerebral cortex development can lead to malformations of cortical development (MCDs). They include various structural abnormalities that affect the size, thickness and/or folding pattern of the developing cortex. Their clinical manifestations can entail a neurodevelopmental disorder, such as epilepsy, developmental delay, intellectual disability, or autism spectrum disorder. The recent advancements of molecular and neuroimaging techniques, along with the development of appropriate in vitro and in vivo model systems, have enabled the assessment of the genetic and environmental causes of MCDs. Here we broadly review the cell biological characteristics of neural progenitor cells and focus on those features whose perturbations have been linked to MCDs.
Collapse
|
22
|
Tischer T, Yang J, Barford D. The APC/C targets the Cep152-Cep63 complex at the centrosome to regulate mitotic spindle assembly. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:jcs259273. [PMID: 34878135 PMCID: PMC8917351 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The control of protein abundance is a fundamental regulatory mechanism during mitosis. The anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) is the main protein ubiquitin ligase responsible for the temporal regulation of mitotic progression. It has been proposed that the APC/C might fulfil other functions, including assembly of the mitotic spindle. Here, we show that the APC/C localizes to centrosomes, the organizers of the eukaryotic microtubule cytoskeleton, specifically during mitosis. Recruitment of the APC/C to spindle poles requires the centrosomal protein Cep152, and we identified Cep152 as both an APC/C interaction partner and an APC/C substrate. Previous studies have shown that Cep152 forms a complex with Cep57 and Cep63. The APC/C-mediated ubiquitylation of Cep152 at the centrosome releases Cep57 from this inhibitory complex and enables its interaction with pericentrin, a critical step in promoting microtubule nucleation. Thus, our study extends the function of the APC/C from being a regulator of mitosis to also acting as a positive governor of spindle assembly. The APC/C thereby integrates control of these two important processes in a temporal manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Tischer
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | | | - David Barford
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kristofova M, Ori A, Wang ZQ. Multifaceted Microcephaly-Related Gene MCPH1. Cells 2022; 11:cells11020275. [PMID: 35053391 PMCID: PMC8774270 DOI: 10.3390/cells11020275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
MCPH1, or BRIT1, is often mutated in human primary microcephaly type 1, a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a smaller brain size at birth, due to its dysfunction in regulating the proliferation and self-renewal of neuroprogenitor cells. In the last 20 years or so, genetic and cellular studies have identified MCPH1 as a multifaceted protein in various cellular functions, including DNA damage signaling and repair, the regulation of chromosome condensation, cell-cycle progression, centrosome activity and the metabolism. Yet, genetic and animal model studies have revealed an unpredicted essential function of MPCH1 in gonad development and tumorigenesis, although the underlying mechanism remains elusive. These studies have begun to shed light on the role of MPCH1 in controlling various pathobiological processes of the disorder. Here, we summarize the biological functions of MCPH1, and lessons learnt from cellular and mouse models of MCPH1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Kristofova
- Leibniz Institute on Aging—Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Beutenbergstrasse 11, 07745 Jena, Germany; (M.K.); (A.O.)
| | - Alessandro Ori
- Leibniz Institute on Aging—Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Beutenbergstrasse 11, 07745 Jena, Germany; (M.K.); (A.O.)
| | - Zhao-Qi Wang
- Leibniz Institute on Aging—Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Beutenbergstrasse 11, 07745 Jena, Germany; (M.K.); (A.O.)
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich-Schiller University of Jena, Bachstrasse 18k, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-3641-656415; Fax: +49-3641-656335
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Inskeep KA, Zarate YA, Monteil D, Spranger J, Doherty D, Stottmann RW, Weaver KN. Genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity in KIAA0753-related ciliopathies. Am J Med Genet A 2022; 188:104-115. [PMID: 34523780 PMCID: PMC9274454 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Primary ciliopathies are heterogenous disorders resulting from perturbations in primary cilia form and/or function. Primary cilia are cellular organelles which mediate key signaling pathways during development, such as the sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway which is required for neuroepithelium and central nervous system development. Joubert syndrome is a primary ciliopathy characterized by cerebellar/brain stem malformation, hypotonia, and developmental delays. At least 35 genes are associated with Joubert syndrome, including the gene KIAA0753, which is part of a complex required for primary ciliogenesis. The phenotypic spectrum associated with biallelic pathogenic variants in KIAA0753 is broad and not well-characterized. We describe four individuals with biallelic pathogenic KIAA0753 variants, including five novel variants. We report in vitro results assessing the function of each variant indicating that mutant proteins are not fully competent to promote primary ciliogenesis. Ablation of KIAA0753 in vitro blocks primary ciliogenesis and SHH pathway activity. Correspondingly, KIAA0753 patient fibroblasts have a deficit in primary ciliation and improper SHH and WNT signaling, with a particularly blunted response to SHH pathway stimulation. Our work expands the phenotypic spectrum of KIAA0753 ciliopathies and demonstrates the utility of patient-focused functional assays for proving causality of genetic variants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A. Inskeep
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Yuri A. Zarate
- Section of Genetics and Metabolism, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR
| | - Danielle Monteil
- Department of Pediatrics, Naval Medical Center Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA
| | | | | | - Rolf W. Stottmann
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH,Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - K. Nicole Weaver
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Exome Sequencing Reveals Novel Variants and Expands the Genetic Landscape for Congenital Microcephaly. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12122014. [PMID: 34946966 PMCID: PMC8700965 DOI: 10.3390/genes12122014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital microcephaly causes smaller than average head circumference relative to age, sex and ethnicity and is most usually associated with a variety of neurodevelopmental disorders. The underlying etiology is highly heterogeneous and can be either environmental or genetic. Disruption of any one of multiple biological processes, such as those underlying neurogenesis, cell cycle and division, DNA repair or transcription regulation, can result in microcephaly. This etiological heterogeneity manifests in a clinical variability and presents a major diagnostic and therapeutic challenge, leaving an unacceptably large proportion of over half of microcephaly patients without molecular diagnosis. To elucidate the clinical and genetic landscapes of congenital microcephaly, we sequenced the exomes of 191 clinically diagnosed patients with microcephaly as one of the features. We established a molecular basis for microcephaly in 71 patients (37%), and detected novel variants in five high confidence candidate genes previously unassociated with this condition. We report a large number of patients with mutations in tubulin-related genes in our cohort as well as higher incidence of pathogenic mutations in MCPH genes. Our study expands the phenotypic and genetic landscape of microcephaly, facilitating differential clinical diagnoses for disorders associated with most commonly disrupted genes in our cohort.
Collapse
|
26
|
Mansour F, Boivin FJ, Shaheed IB, Schueler M, Schmidt-Ott KM. The Role of Centrosome Distal Appendage Proteins (DAPs) in Nephronophthisis and Ciliogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212253. [PMID: 34830133 PMCID: PMC8621283 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary cilium is found in most mammalian cells and plays a functional role in tissue homeostasis and organ development by modulating key signaling pathways. Ciliopathies are a group of genetically heterogeneous disorders resulting from defects in cilia development and function. Patients with ciliopathic disorders exhibit a range of phenotypes that include nephronophthisis (NPHP), a progressive tubulointerstitial kidney disease that commonly results in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). In recent years, distal appendages (DAPs), which radially project from the distal end of the mother centriole, have been shown to play a vital role in primary ciliary vesicle docking and the initiation of ciliogenesis. Mutations in the genes encoding these proteins can result in either a complete loss of the primary cilium, abnormal ciliary formation, or defective ciliary signaling. DAPs deficiency in humans or mice commonly results in NPHP. In this review, we outline recent advances in our understanding of the molecular functions of DAPs and how they participate in nephronophthisis development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Mansour
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (F.M.); (F.J.B.)
- Molecular and Translational Kidney Research, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 12613 Giza, Egypt;
| | - Felix J. Boivin
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (F.M.); (F.J.B.)
- Molecular and Translational Kidney Research, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Iman B. Shaheed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 12613 Giza, Egypt;
| | - Markus Schueler
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (F.M.); (F.J.B.)
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (K.M.S.-O.)
| | - Kai M. Schmidt-Ott
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (F.M.); (F.J.B.)
- Molecular and Translational Kidney Research, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (K.M.S.-O.)
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Gupta S, Ozimek-Kulik JE, Phillips JK. Nephronophthisis-Pathobiology and Molecular Pathogenesis of a Rare Kidney Genetic Disease. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12111762. [PMID: 34828368 PMCID: PMC8623546 DOI: 10.3390/genes12111762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The exponential rise in our understanding of the aetiology and pathophysiology of genetic cystic kidney diseases can be attributed to the identification of cystogenic genes over the last three decades. The foundation of this was laid by positional cloning strategies which gradually shifted towards next-generation sequencing (NGS) based screenings. This shift has enabled the discovery of novel cystogenic genes at an accelerated pace unlike ever before and, most notably, the past decade has seen the largest increase in identification of the genes which cause nephronophthisis (NPHP). NPHP is a monogenic autosomal recessive cystic kidney disease caused by mutations in a diverse clade of over 26 identified genes and is the most common genetic cause of renal failure in children. NPHP gene types present with some common pathophysiological features alongside a diverse range of extra-renal phenotypes associated with specific syndromic presentations. This review provides a timely update on our knowledge of this disease, including epidemiology, pathophysiology, anatomical and molecular features. We delve into the diversity of the NPHP causing genes and discuss known molecular mechanisms and biochemical pathways that may have possible points of intersection with polycystic kidney disease (the most studied renal cystic pathology). We delineate the pathologies arising from extra-renal complications and co-morbidities and their impact on quality of life. Finally, we discuss the current diagnostic and therapeutic modalities available for disease management, outlining possible avenues of research to improve the prognosis for NPHP patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shabarni Gupta
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia; (J.E.O.-K.); (J.K.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Justyna E. Ozimek-Kulik
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia; (J.E.O.-K.); (J.K.P.)
- School of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia
- Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Sydney Children’s Hospital Network, Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Kathleen Phillips
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia; (J.E.O.-K.); (J.K.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Chang CH, Chen TY, Lu IL, Li RB, Tsai JJ, Lin PY, Tang TK. CEP120-mediated KIAA0753 recruitment onto centrioles is required for timely neuronal differentiation and germinal zone exit in the developing cerebellum. Genes Dev 2021; 35:1445-1460. [PMID: 34711653 PMCID: PMC8559671 DOI: 10.1101/gad.348636.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Here, Chang et al. report that CEP120, a JS-associated protein involved in centriole biogenesis and cilia assembly, regulates timely neuronal differentiation and the departure of granule neuron progenitors (GNPs) from their germinal zone during cerebellar development. Their findings reveal a close interplay between CEP120 and KIAA0753 for the germinal zone exit and timely neuronal differentiation of GNPs during cerebellar development, and mutations in CEP120 and KIAA0753 may participate in the heterotopia and cerebellar hypoplasia observed in JS patients. Joubert syndrome (JS) is a recessive ciliopathy in which all affected individuals have congenital cerebellar vermis hypoplasia. Here, we report that CEP120, a JS-associated protein involved in centriole biogenesis and cilia assembly, regulates timely neuronal differentiation and the departure of granule neuron progenitors (GNPs) from their germinal zone during cerebellar development. Our results show that depletion of Cep120 perturbs GNP cell cycle progression, resulting in a delay of cell cycle exit in vivo. To dissect the potential mechanism, we investigated the association between CEP120 interactome and the JS database and identified KIAA0753 (a JS-associated protein) as a CEP120-interacting protein. Surprisingly, we found that CEP120 recruits KIAA0753 to centrioles, and that loss of this interaction induces accumulation of GNPs in the germinal zone and impairs neuronal differentiation. Importantly, the replenishment of wild-type CEP120 rescues the above defects, whereas expression of JS-associated CEP120 mutants, which hinder KIAA0753 recruitment, does not. Together, our data reveal a close interplay between CEP120 and KIAA0753 for the germinal zone exit and timely neuronal differentiation of GNPs during cerebellar development, and mutations in CEP120 and KIAA0753 may participate in the heterotopia and cerebellar hypoplasia observed in JS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hsiang Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yu Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - I-Ling Lu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Bin Li
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Jhih-Jie Tsai
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Yeh Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Tang K Tang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Stemm-Wolf AJ, O’Toole ET, Sheridan RM, Morgan JT, Pearson CG. The SON RNA splicing factor is required for intracellular trafficking structures that promote centriole assembly and ciliogenesis. Mol Biol Cell 2021; 32:ar4. [PMID: 34406792 PMCID: PMC8684746 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e21-06-0305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Control of centrosome assembly is critical for cell division, intracellular trafficking, and cilia. Regulation of centrosome number occurs through the precise duplication of centrioles that reside in centrosomes. Here we explored transcriptional control of centriole assembly and find that the RNA splicing factor SON is specifically required for completing procentriole assembly. Whole genome mRNA sequencing identified genes whose splicing and expression are affected by the reduction of SON, with an enrichment in genes involved in the microtubule (MT) cytoskeleton, centrosome, and centriolar satellites. SON is required for the proper splicing and expression of CEP131, which encodes a major centriolar satellite protein and is required to organize the trafficking and MT network around the centrosomes. This study highlights the importance of the distinct MT trafficking network that is intimately associated with nascent centrioles and is responsible for procentriole development and efficient ciliogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J. Stemm-Wolf
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | | | - Ryan M. Sheridan
- RNA Biosciences Initiative (RBI), University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Jacob T. Morgan
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Chad G. Pearson
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Kumar D, Rains A, Herranz-Pérez V, Lu Q, Shi X, Swaney DL, Stevenson E, Krogan NJ, Huang B, Westlake C, Garcia-Verdugo JM, Yoder BK, Reiter JF. A ciliopathy complex builds distal appendages to initiate ciliogenesis. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:e202011133. [PMID: 34241634 PMCID: PMC8276316 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202011133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells inherit two centrioles, the older of which is uniquely capable of generating a cilium. Using proteomics and superresolved imaging, we identify a module that we term DISCO (distal centriole complex). The DISCO components CEP90, MNR, and OFD1 underlie human ciliopathies. This complex localizes to both distal centrioles and centriolar satellites, proteinaceous granules surrounding centrioles. Cells and mice lacking CEP90 or MNR do not generate cilia, fail to assemble distal appendages, and do not transduce Hedgehog signals. Disrupting the satellite pools does not affect distal appendage assembly, indicating that it is the centriolar populations of MNR and CEP90 that are critical for ciliogenesis. CEP90 recruits the most proximal known distal appendage component, CEP83, to root distal appendage formation, an early step in ciliogenesis. In addition, MNR, but not CEP90, restricts centriolar length by recruiting OFD1. We conclude that DISCO acts at the distal centriole to support ciliogenesis by restraining centriole length and assembling distal appendages, defects in which cause human ciliopathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dhivya Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Addison Rains
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL
| | - Vicente Herranz-Pérez
- Laboratory of Comparative Neurobiology, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, Biomedical Research Networking Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Valencia, Spain
- Predepartamental Unit of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - Quanlong Lu
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute Frederick, Frederick, MD
| | - Xiaoyu Shi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Danielle L. Swaney
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA
| | - Erica Stevenson
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA
| | - Nevan J. Krogan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA
| | - Bo Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA
| | - Christopher Westlake
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute Frederick, Frederick, MD
| | - Jose Manuel Garcia-Verdugo
- Laboratory of Comparative Neurobiology, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, Biomedical Research Networking Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Valencia, Spain
| | - Bradley K. Yoder
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL
| | - Jeremy F. Reiter
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Huang J, Liang Z, Guan C, Hua S, Jiang K. WDR62 regulates spindle dynamics as an adaptor protein between TPX2/Aurora A and katanin. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:212395. [PMID: 34137789 PMCID: PMC8240853 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202007167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
WDR62 is a microcephaly-related, microtubule (MT)-associated protein (MAP) that localizes to the spindle pole and regulates spindle organization, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we show that WDR62 regulates spindle dynamics by recruiting katanin to the spindle pole and further reveal a TPX2–Aurora A–WDR62–katanin axis in cells. By combining cellular and in vitro experiments, we demonstrate that WDR62 shows preference for curved segments of dynamic GDP-MTs, as well as GMPCPP- and paclitaxel-stabilized MTs, suggesting that it recognizes extended MT lattice. Consistent with this property, WDR62 alone is inefficient in recruiting katanin to GDP-MTs, while WDR62 complexed with TPX2/Aurora A can potently promote katanin-mediated severing of GDP-MTs in vitro. In addition, the MT-binding affinity of WDR62 is autoinhibited through JNK phosphorylation-induced intramolecular interaction. We propose that WDR62 is an atypical MAP and functions as an adaptor protein between its recruiting factor TPX2/Aurora A and the effector katanin to orchestrate the regulation of spindle dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Huang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhuobi Liang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Cuirong Guan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shasha Hua
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Jiang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Guerreiro A, De Sousa F, Liaudet N, Ivanova D, Eskat A, Meraldi P. WDR62 localizes katanin at spindle poles to ensure synchronous chromosome segregation. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:212394. [PMID: 34137788 PMCID: PMC8240857 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202007171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the WDR62 gene cause primary microcephaly, a pathological condition often associated with defective cell division that results in severe brain developmental defects. The precise function and localization of WDR62 within the mitotic spindle is, however, still under debate, as it has been proposed to act either at centrosomes or on the mitotic spindle. Here we explored the cellular functions of WDR62 in human epithelial cell lines using both short-term siRNA protein depletions and long-term CRISPR/Cas9 gene knockouts. We demonstrate that WDR62 localizes at spindle poles, promoting the recruitment of the microtubule-severing enzyme katanin. Depletion or loss of WDR62 stabilizes spindle microtubules due to insufficient microtubule minus-end depolymerization but does not affect plus-end microtubule dynamics. During chromosome segregation, WDR62 and katanin promote efficient poleward microtubule flux and favor the synchronicity of poleward movements in anaphase to prevent lagging chromosomes. We speculate that these lagging chromosomes might be linked to developmental defects in primary microcephaly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Guerreiro
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Filipe De Sousa
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Radiation Oncology Division, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Liaudet
- Bioimaging Facility, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Daria Ivanova
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Anja Eskat
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Meraldi
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Translational Research Centre in Onco-hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Ho UY, Feng CWA, Yeap YY, Bain AL, Wei Z, Shohayeb B, Reichelt ME, Homer H, Khanna KK, Bowles J, Ng DCH. WDR62 is required for centriole duplication in spermatogenesis and manchette removal in spermiogenesis. Commun Biol 2021; 4:645. [PMID: 34059773 PMCID: PMC8167107 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02171-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
WDR62 is a scaffold protein involved in centriole duplication and spindle assembly during mitosis. Mutations in WDR62 can cause primary microcephaly and premature ovarian insufficiency. We have generated a genetrap mouse model deficient in WDR62 and characterised the developmental effects of WDR62 deficiency during meiosis in the testis. We have found that WDR62 deficiency leads to centriole underduplication in the spermatocytes due to reduced or delayed CEP63 accumulation in the pericentriolar matrix. This resulted in prolonged metaphase that led to apoptosis. Round spermatids that inherited a pair of centrioles progressed through spermiogenesis, however, manchette removal was delayed in WDR62 deficient spermatids due to delayed Katanin p80 accumulation in the manchette, thus producing misshapen spermatid heads with elongated manchettes. In mice, WDR62 deficiency resembles oligoasthenoteratospermia, a common form of subfertility in men that is characterised by low sperm counts, poor motility and abnormal morphology. Therefore, proper WDR62 function is necessary for timely spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis during male reproduction. Uda Ho et al find that loss of centriolar scaffold protein WDR62 in mouse testis leads to defects in spermatogenesis. They find that WDR62 deficiency leads to centriole underduplication in spermatocytes and delayed manchette removal in spermatids due to delayed Katanin p80 accumulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uda Y Ho
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Chun-Wei Allen Feng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Yvonne Y Yeap
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Amanda L Bain
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Zhe Wei
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Belal Shohayeb
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Melissa E Reichelt
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Hayden Homer
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kum Kum Khanna
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Josephine Bowles
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Dominic C H Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Gurkaslar HK, Culfa E, Arslanhan MD, Lince-Faria M, Firat-Karalar EN. CCDC57 Cooperates with Microtubules and Microcephaly Protein CEP63 and Regulates Centriole Duplication and Mitotic Progression. Cell Rep 2021; 31:107630. [PMID: 32402286 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Centrosomes function in key cellular processes ranging from cell division to cellular signaling. Their dysfunction is linked to cancer and developmental disorders. Here, we identify CCDC57 as a pleiotropic regulator of centriole duplication, mitosis, and ciliogenesis. Combining proximity mapping with superresolution imaging, we show that CCDC57 localizes to the proximal end of centrioles and interacts with the microcephaly protein CEP63, centriolar satellite proteins, and microtubules. Loss of CCDC57 causes defects in centriole duplication and results in a failure to localize CEP63 and CEP152 to the centrosome. Additionally, CCDC57 depletion perturbs mitotic progression both in wild-type and centriole-less cells. Importantly, its centrosome-targeting region is required for its interaction with CEP63 and functions during centriole duplication and cilium assembly, whereas the microtubule-targeting region is required for its mitotic functions. Together, our results identify CCDC57 as a critical interface between centrosome and microtubule-mediated cellular processes that are deregulated in microcephaly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Kubra Gurkaslar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koç University, Sarıyer, İstanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Efraim Culfa
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koç University, Sarıyer, İstanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Melis D Arslanhan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koç University, Sarıyer, İstanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Mariana Lince-Faria
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande 6, Oeiras 2780-156, Portugal
| | - Elif Nur Firat-Karalar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koç University, Sarıyer, İstanbul 34450, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Priyanka PP, Yenugu S. Coiled-Coil Domain-Containing (CCDC) Proteins: Functional Roles in General and Male Reproductive Physiology. Reprod Sci 2021; 28:2725-2734. [PMID: 33942254 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00595-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The coiled-coil domain-containing (CCDC) proteins have been implicated in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Their functional roles vary from their interaction with molecular components of signaling pathways to determining the physiological functions at the cellular and organ level. Thus, they govern important functions like gametogenesis, embryonic development, hematopoiesis, angiogenesis, and ciliary development. Further, they are implicated in the pathogenesis of a large number of cancers. Polymorphisms in CCDC genes are associated with the risk of lifetime diseases. Because of their role in many biological processes, they have been extensively studied. This review concisely presents the functional role of CCDC proteins that have been studied in the last decade. Studies on CCDC proteins continue to be an active area of investigation because of their indispensable functions. However, there is ample opportunity to further understand the involvement of CCDC proteins in many more functions. It is anticipated that basing on the available literature, the functional role of CCDC proteins will be explored much further.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Suresh Yenugu
- Department of Animal Biology, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Siskos N, Stylianopoulou E, Skavdis G, Grigoriou ME. Molecular Genetics of Microcephaly Primary Hereditary: An Overview. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11050581. [PMID: 33946187 PMCID: PMC8145766 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11050581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroCephaly Primary Hereditary (MCPH) is a rare congenital neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a significant reduction of the occipitofrontal head circumference and mild to moderate mental disability. Patients have small brains, though with overall normal architecture; therefore, studying MCPH can reveal not only the pathological mechanisms leading to this condition, but also the mechanisms operating during normal development. MCPH is genetically heterogeneous, with 27 genes listed so far in the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database. In this review, we discuss the role of MCPH proteins and delineate the molecular mechanisms and common pathways in which they participate.
Collapse
|
37
|
Lau EOC, Damiani D, Chehade G, Ruiz-Reig N, Saade R, Jossin Y, Aittaleb M, Schakman O, Tajeddine N, Gailly P, Tissir F. DIAPH3 deficiency links microtubules to mitotic errors, defective neurogenesis, and brain dysfunction. eLife 2021; 10:e61974. [PMID: 33899739 PMCID: PMC8102060 DOI: 10.7554/elife.61974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diaphanous (DIAPH) three (DIAPH3) is a member of the formin proteins that have the capacity to nucleate and elongate actin filaments and, therefore, to remodel the cytoskeleton. DIAPH3 is essential for cytokinesis as its dysfunction impairs the contractile ring and produces multinucleated cells. Here, we report that DIAPH3 localizes at the centrosome during mitosis and regulates the assembly and bipolarity of the mitotic spindle. DIAPH3-deficient cells display disorganized cytoskeleton and multipolar spindles. DIAPH3 deficiency disrupts the expression and/or stability of several proteins including the kinetochore-associated protein SPAG5. DIAPH3 and SPAG5 have similar expression patterns in the developing brain and overlapping subcellular localization during mitosis. Knockdown of SPAG5 phenocopies DIAPH3 deficiency, whereas its overexpression rescues the DIAHP3 knockdown phenotype. Conditional inactivation of Diaph3 in mouse cerebral cortex profoundly disrupts neurogenesis, depleting cortical progenitors and neurons, leading to cortical malformation and autistic-like behavior. Our data uncover the uncharacterized functions of DIAPH3 and provide evidence that this protein belongs to a molecular toolbox that links microtubule dynamics during mitosis to aneuploidy, cell death, fate determination defects, and cortical malformation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva On-Chai Lau
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Neuroscience, Developmental NeurobiologyBrusselsBelgium
| | - Devid Damiani
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Neuroscience, Developmental NeurobiologyBrusselsBelgium
| | - Georges Chehade
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Neuroscience, Developmental NeurobiologyBrusselsBelgium
| | - Nuria Ruiz-Reig
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Neuroscience, Developmental NeurobiologyBrusselsBelgium
| | - Rana Saade
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Neuroscience, Developmental NeurobiologyBrusselsBelgium
| | - Yves Jossin
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Neuroscience, Mammalian Development and Cell BiologyBrusselsBelgium
| | | | - Olivier Schakman
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Neuroscience, Cell PhysiologyBrusselsBelgium
| | - Nicolas Tajeddine
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Neuroscience, Cell PhysiologyBrusselsBelgium
| | - Philippe Gailly
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Neuroscience, Cell PhysiologyBrusselsBelgium
| | - Fadel Tissir
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Neuroscience, Developmental NeurobiologyBrusselsBelgium
- College of Health and Life Sciences, HBKUDohaQatar
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Zhi Y, Zhou X, Yu J, Yuan L, Zhang H, Ng DCH, Xu Z, Xu D. Pathophysiological Significance of WDR62 and JNK Signaling in Human Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:640753. [PMID: 33937237 PMCID: PMC8086514 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.640753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) is highly evolutionarily conserved and plays important roles in a broad range of physiological and pathological processes. The WD40-repeat protein 62 (WDR62) is a scaffold protein that recruits different components of the JNK signaling pathway to regulate several human diseases including neurological disorders, infertility, and tumorigenesis. Recent studies revealed that WDR62 regulates the process of neural stem cell mitosis and germ cell meiosis through JNK signaling. In this review we summarize the roles of WDR62 and JNK signaling in neuronal and non-neuronal contexts and discuss how JNK-dependent signaling regulates both processes. WDR62 is involved in various human disorders via JNK signaling regulation, and may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiqiang Zhi
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Institute of Life Sciences, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaokun Zhou
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Institute of Life Sciences, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jurui Yu
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Institute of Life Sciences, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ling Yuan
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongsheng Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Dominic C H Ng
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Science, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Zhiheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Xu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Primary cilia and the DNA damage response: linking a cellular antenna and nuclear signals. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:829-841. [PMID: 33843966 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The maintenance of genome stability involves integrated biochemical activities that detect DNA damage or incomplete replication, delay the cell cycle, and direct DNA repair activities on the affected chromatin. These processes, collectively termed the DNA damage response (DDR), are crucial for cell survival and to avoid disease, particularly cancer. Recent work has highlighted links between the DDR and the primary cilium, an antenna-like, microtubule-based signalling structure that extends from a centriole docked at the cell surface. Ciliary dysfunction gives rise to a range of complex human developmental disorders termed the ciliopathies. Mutations in ciliopathy genes have been shown to impact on several functions that relate to centrosome integrity, DNA damage signalling, responses to problems in DNA replication and the control of gene expression. This review covers recent findings that link cilia and the DDR and explores the various roles played by key genes in these two contexts. It outlines how proteins encoded by ciliary genes impact checkpoint signalling, DNA replication and repair, gene expression and chromatin remodelling. It discusses how these diverse activities may integrate nuclear responses with those that affect a structure of the cell periphery. Additional directions for exploration of the interplay between these pathways are highlighted, with a focus on new ciliary gene candidates that alter genome stability.
Collapse
|
40
|
Tischer J, Carden S, Gergely F. Accessorizing the centrosome: new insights into centriolar appendages and satellites. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2021; 66:148-155. [PMID: 33279729 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2020.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Centrosomes comprise two centrioles, the mother and daughter, embedded within a multi-layered proteinaceous matrix known as the pericentriolar material. In proliferating cells, centrosomes duplicate once per cell cycle and organise interphase and mitotic microtubule arrays, whereas in quiescent cells, the mother centriole templates primary cilium formation. Centrosomes have acquired various accessory structures to facilitate these disparate functions. In some eukaryotic lineages, mother centrioles can be distinguished from their daughter by the presence of appendages at their distal end, which anchor microtubule minus ends and tether Golgi-derived vesicles involved in ciliogenesis. Moreover, in vertebrate cells, centrosomes are surrounded by a system of cytoplasmic granules known as centriolar satellites. In this review, we will discuss these centriolar accessories and outline recent findings pertaining to their composition, assembly and regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Tischer
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Sarah Carden
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Fanni Gergely
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK; Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, OX1 3QU, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Kumar D, Reiter J. How the centriole builds its cilium: of mothers, daughters, and the acquisition of appendages. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2020; 66:41-48. [PMID: 33160100 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2020.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Centrioles are microtubule-based structures in eukaryotic cells. From organizing the microtubule cytoskeleton during interphase to focusing the mitotic spindle during mitosis, centrioles are busy at all stages of the cell cycle. One crucial interphase function of centrioles is to assemble cilia, microtubular projections that can either be motile or nonmotile. Motile cilia function in sperm locomotion and propulsion of extracellular fluids, as in mucus flow in the lung. Immotile primary cilia are critical for some forms of intercellular signaling. Here, we review how procentrioles mature into daughter and, then, mother centrioles. We highlight key steps in ciliogenesis, including the acquisition of appendages by the mother centriole, as well as the distal centriole, an understudied domain critical for ciliogenesis. Importantly, several genes mutated in ciliopathies encode distal centriolar components. We propose that understanding how centrioles are remodeled to support cilium assembly will provide insights into the molecular etiologies of ciliopathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dhivya Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jeremy Reiter
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
The role of AP-4 in cargo export from the trans-Golgi network and hereditary spastic paraplegia. Biochem Soc Trans 2020; 48:1877-1888. [PMID: 33084855 DOI: 10.1042/bst20190664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Heterotetrameric adaptor protein (AP) complexes play key roles in protein sorting and transport vesicle formation in the endomembrane system of eukaryotic cells. One of these complexes, AP-4, was identified over 20 years ago but, up until recently, its function remained unclear. AP-4 associates with the trans-Golgi network (TGN) through interaction with small GTPases of the ARF family and recognizes transmembrane proteins (i.e. cargos) having specific sorting signals in their cytosolic domains. Recent studies identified accessory proteins (tepsin, RUSC2 and the FHF complex) that co-operate with AP-4, and cargos (amyloid precursor protein, ATG9A and SERINC3/5) that are exported from the TGN in an AP-4-dependent manner. Defective export of ATG9A from the TGN in AP-4-deficient cells was shown to reduce ATG9A delivery to pre-autophagosomal structures, impairing autophagosome formation and/or maturation. In addition, mutations in AP-4-subunit genes were found to cause neurological dysfunction in mice and a form of complicated hereditary spastic paraplegia referred to as 'AP-4-deficiency syndrome' in humans. These findings demonstrated that mammalian AP-4 is required for the development and function of the central nervous system, possibly through its role in the sorting of ATG9A for the maintenance of autophagic homeostasis. In this article, we review the properties and functions of AP-4, and discuss how they might explain the clinical features of AP-4 deficiency.
Collapse
|
43
|
Vandenbrouck Y, Pineau C, Lane L. The Functionally Unannotated Proteome of Human Male Tissues: A Shared Resource to Uncover New Protein Functions Associated with Reproductive Biology. J Proteome Res 2020; 19:4782-4794. [PMID: 33064489 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In the context of the Human Proteome Project, we built an inventory of 412 functionally unannotated human proteins for which experimental evidence at the protein level exists (uPE1) and which are highly expressed in tissues involved in human male reproduction. We implemented a strategy combining literature mining, bioinformatics tools to collate annotation and experimental information from specific molecular public resources, and efficient visualization tools to put these unknown proteins into their biological context (protein complexes, tissue and subcellular location, expression pattern). The gathered knowledge allowed pinpointing five uPE1 for which a function has recently been proposed and which should be updated in protein knowledge bases. Furthermore, this bioinformatics strategy allowed to build new functional hypotheses for five other uPE1s in link with phenotypic traits that are specific to male reproductive function such as ciliogenesis/flagellum formation in germ cells (CCDC112 and TEX9), chromatin remodeling (C3orf62) and spermatozoon maturation (CCDC183). We also discussed the enigmatic case of MAGEB proteins, a poorly documented cancer/testis antigen subtype. Tools used and computational outputs produced during this study are freely accessible via ProteoRE (http://www.proteore.org), a Galaxy-based instance, for reuse purposes. We propose these five uPE1s should be investigated in priority by expert laboratories and hope that this inventory and shared resources will stimulate the interest of the community of reproductive biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yves Vandenbrouck
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, IRIG-BGE, U1038, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Charles Pineau
- Univ. Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35042 Rennes cedex, France
| | - Lydie Lane
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics and Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, CMU, Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Ying Z, Yang J, Li W, Wang X, Zhu Z, Jiang W, Li C, Sha O. Astrin: A Key Player in Mitosis and Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:866. [PMID: 32984344 PMCID: PMC7484939 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Astrin, which is a spindle-associated protein, was found to be closely related to mitotic spindle formation and maintenance. It interacts with other spindle-related proteins to play a key role in maintaining the attachment of the kinetochore-microtubule and integrity of centrosomes and promoting the centriole duplication. In addition, Astrin was quite recently found to be abnormally highly expressed in a variety of cancers. Astrin promotes the development of cancer by participating in various molecular pathways and is considered as a potential prognostic and survival predictor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenguang Ying
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zeyao Zhu
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weipeng Jiang
- School of Dentistry, Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chunman Li
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ou Sha
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, China.,School of Dentistry, Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Shohayeb B, Ho UY, Hassan H, Piper M, Ng DCH. The Spindle-Associated Microcephaly Protein, WDR62, Is Required for Neurogenesis and Development of the Hippocampus. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:549353. [PMID: 33042990 PMCID: PMC7517699 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.549353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary microcephaly genes (MCPH) are required for the embryonic expansion of the mammalian cerebral cortex. However, MCPH mutations may spare growth in other regions of the developing forebrain which reinforces context-dependent functions for distinct MCPH genes in neurodevelopment. Mutations in the MCPH2 gene, WD40-repeat protein 62 (WDR62), are causative of primary microcephaly and cortical malformations in humans. WDR62 is a spindle microtubule-associated phosphoprotein that is required for timely and oriented cell divisions. Recent studies in rodent models confirm that WDR62 loss or mutation causes thinning of the neocortex and disrupted proliferation of apical progenitors reinforcing critical requirements in the maintenance of radial glia. However, potential contributions for WDR62 in hippocampal development had not been previously defined. Using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, we generated mouse models with patient-derived non-synonymous missense mutations (WDR62V66M and WDR62R439H) and a null mutation (herein referred to as WDR62Stop) for comparison. We find that WDR62 deletion or mutation resulted in a significant reduction in the thickness of the hippocampal ventricular zone and the area of the dentate gyrus (DG). This was associated with the mitotic arrest and depletion of radial glia and intermediate progenitors in the ammonic neuroepithelium. As a consequence, we find that the number of mitotic dentate precursors in the migratory stream and granule neurons in the DG was reduced with WDR62 mutation. These findings reveal that WDR62 is required for neurogenesis and the growth of the hippocampus during embryonic development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Belal Shohayeb
- School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Uda Y Ho
- School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Halah Hassan
- School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Michael Piper
- School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Dominic C H Ng
- School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Villa R, Fergnani VGC, Silipigni R, Guerneri S, Cinnante C, Guala A, Danesino C, Scola E, Conte G, Fumagalli M, Gangi S, Colombo L, Picciolini O, Ajmone PF, Accogli A, Madia F, Tassano E, Scala M, Capra V, Srour M, Spaccini L, Righini A, Greco D, Castiglia L, Romano C, Bedeschi MF. Structural brain anomalies in Cri-du-Chat syndrome: MRI findings in 14 patients and possible genotype-phenotype correlations. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2020; 28:110-119. [PMID: 32800423 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cri-du-Chat Syndrome (CdCS) is a genetic condition due to deletions showing different breakpoints encompassing a critical region on the short arm of chromosome 5, located between p15.2 and p15.3, first defined by Niebuhr in 1978. The classic phenotype includes a characteristic cry, peculiar facies, microcephaly, growth retardation, hypotonia, speech and psychomotor delay and intellectual disability. A wide spectrum of clinical manifestations can be attributed to differences in size and localization of the 5p deletion. Several critical regions related to some of the main features (such as cry, peculiar facies, developmental delay) have been identified. The aim of this study is to further define the genotype-phenotype correlations in CdCS with particular regards to the specific neuroradiological findings. PATIENTS AND METHODS Fourteen patients with 5p deletions have been included in the present study. Neuroimaging studies were conducted using brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Genetic testing was performed by means of comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) array at 130 kb resolution. RESULTS MRI analyses showed that isolated pontine hypoplasia is the most common finding, followed by vermian hypoplasia, ventricular anomalies, abnormal basal angle, widening of cavum sellae, increased signal of white matter, corpus callosum anomalies, and anomalies of cortical development. Chromosomal microarray analysis identified deletions ranging in size from 11,6 to 33,8 Mb on the short arm of chromosome 5. Then, we took into consideration the overlapping and non-overlapping deleted regions. The goal was to establish a correlation between the deleted segments and the neuroradiological features of our patients. CONCLUSIONS Performing MRI on all the patients in our cohort, allowed us to expand the neuroradiological phenotype in CdCS. Moreover, possible critical regions associated to characteristic MRI findings have been identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Villa
- Medical Genetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - V G C Fergnani
- Medical Genetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - R Silipigni
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - S Guerneri
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - C Cinnante
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - A Guala
- Department of Pediatrics, Castelli Hospital, Verbania, Italy.
| | - C Danesino
- Molecular Medicine Department, General Biology and Medical Genetics Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | - E Scola
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - G Conte
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - M Fumagalli
- NICU, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - S Gangi
- NICU, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - L Colombo
- NICU, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - O Picciolini
- Pediatric Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - P F Ajmone
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatric Service (UONPIA), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy.
| | - A Accogli
- DINOGMI, Università degli Studi di Genova, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
| | - F Madia
- IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
| | - E Tassano
- IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
| | - M Scala
- DINOGMI, Università degli Studi di Genova, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
| | - V Capra
- IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
| | - M Srour
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; McGill University Health Center (MUHC) Research Institute, Montreal, Canada.
| | - L Spaccini
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Italy.
| | - A Righini
- Department of Pediatric Radiology and Neuroradiology, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Italy.
| | - D Greco
- Oasi Research Institute, IRCCS, Troina, Italy.
| | - L Castiglia
- Oasi Research Institute, IRCCS, Troina, Italy.
| | - C Romano
- Oasi Research Institute, IRCCS, Troina, Italy.
| | - M F Bedeschi
- Medical Genetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Acute inhibition of centriolar satellite function and positioning reveals their functions at the primary cilium. PLoS Biol 2020; 18:e3000679. [PMID: 32555591 PMCID: PMC7326281 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Centriolar satellites are dynamic, membraneless granules composed of over 200 proteins. They store, modify, and traffic centrosome and primary cilium proteins, and help to regulate both the biogenesis and some functions of centrosomes and cilium. In most cell types, satellites cluster around the perinuclear centrosome, but their integrity and cellular distribution are dynamically remodeled in response to different stimuli, such as cell cycle cues. Dissecting the specific and temporal functions and mechanisms of satellites and how these are influenced by their cellular positioning and dynamics has been challenging using genetic approaches, particularly in ciliated and proliferating cells. To address this, we developed a chemical-based trafficking assay to rapidly and efficiently redistribute satellites to either the cell periphery or center, and fuse them into stable clusters in a temporally controlled way. Induced satellite clustering at either the periphery or center resulted in antagonistic changes in the pericentrosomal levels of a subset of proteins, revealing a direct and selective role for their positioning in protein targeting and sequestration. Systematic analysis of the interactome of peripheral satellite clusters revealed enrichment of proteins implicated in cilium biogenesis and mitosis. Importantly, induction of peripheral satellite targeting in ciliated cells revealed a function for satellites not just for efficient cilium assembly but also in the maintenance of steady-state cilia and in cilia disassembly by regulating the structural integrity of the ciliary axoneme. Finally, perturbing satellite distribution and dynamics inhibited their mitotic dissolution, and mitotic progression was perturbed only in cells with centrosomal satellite clustering. Collectively, our results for the first time showed a direct link between satellite functions and their pericentrosomal clustering, suggested new mechanisms underlying satellite functions during cilium assembly, and provided a new tool for probing temporal satellite functions in different contexts What happens when centriolar satellites are not in the right place at the right time? By redistributing satellites to the periphery or center of the cell and assessing the consequences of their mispositioning, this study reveals novel functions for satellites during mitosis, cilium maintenance, and cilium disassembly and suggests new mechanisms.
Collapse
|
48
|
Arslanhan MD, Gulensoy D, Firat-Karalar EN. A Proximity Mapping Journey into the Biology of the Mammalian Centrosome/Cilium Complex. Cells 2020; 9:E1390. [PMID: 32503249 PMCID: PMC7348975 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian centrosome/cilium complex is composed of the centrosome, the primary cilium and the centriolar satellites, which together regulate cell polarity, signaling, proliferation and motility in cells and thereby development and homeostasis in organisms. Accordingly, deregulation of its structure and functions is implicated in various human diseases including cancer, developmental disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. To better understand these disease connections, the molecular underpinnings of the assembly, maintenance and dynamic adaptations of the centrosome/cilium complex need to be uncovered with exquisite detail. Application of proximity-based labeling methods to the centrosome/cilium complex generated spatial and temporal interaction maps for its components and provided key insights into these questions. In this review, we first describe the structure and cell cycle-linked regulation of the centrosome/cilium complex. Next, we explain the inherent biochemical and temporal limitations in probing the structure and function of the centrosome/cilium complex and describe how proximity-based labeling approaches have addressed them. Finally, we explore current insights into the knowledge we gained from the proximity mapping studies as it pertains to centrosome and cilium biogenesis and systematic characterization of the centrosome, cilium and centriolar satellite interactomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elif Nur Firat-Karalar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koc University, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey; (M.D.A.); (D.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Kodani A, Kenny C, Lai A, Gonzalez DM, Stronge E, Sejourne GM, Isacco L, Partlow JN, O'Donnell A, McWalter K, Byrne AB, Barkovich AJ, Yang E, Hill RS, Gawlinski P, Wiszniewski W, Cohen JS, Fatemi SA, Baranano KW, Sahin M, Vossler DG, Yuskaitis CJ, Walsh CA. Posterior Neocortex-Specific Regulation of Neuronal Migration by CEP85L Identifies Maternal Centriole-Dependent Activation of CDK5. Neuron 2020; 106:246-255.e6. [PMID: 32097629 PMCID: PMC7255387 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2020.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Genes mutated in human neuronal migration disorders encode tubulin proteins and a variety of tubulin-binding and -regulating proteins, but it is very poorly understood how these proteins function together to coordinate migration. Additionally, the way in which regional differences in neocortical migration are controlled is completely unknown. Here we describe a new syndrome with remarkably region-specific effects on neuronal migration in the posterior cortex, reflecting de novo variants in CEP85L. We show that CEP85L is required cell autonomously in vivo and in vitro for migration, that it localizes to the maternal centriole, and that it forms a complex with many other proteins required for migration, including CDK5, LIS1, NDE1, KIF2A, and DYNC1H1. Loss of CEP85L disrupts CDK5 localization and activation, leading to centrosome disorganization and disrupted microtubule cytoskeleton organization. Together, our findings suggest that CEP85L highlights a complex that controls CDK5 activity to promote neuronal migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Kodani
- Division of Genetics and Genomics and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics and Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Connor Kenny
- Division of Genetics and Genomics and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics and Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Abbe Lai
- Division of Genetics and Genomics and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics and Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dilenny M Gonzalez
- Division of Genetics and Genomics and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics and Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edward Stronge
- Division of Genetics and Genomics and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics and Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gabrielle M Sejourne
- Division of Genetics and Genomics and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics and Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laura Isacco
- Division of Genetics and Genomics and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics and Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer N Partlow
- Division of Genetics and Genomics and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics and Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anne O'Donnell
- Division of Genetics and Genomics and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics and Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Mendelian Genomics, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Alicia B Byrne
- Center for Mendelian Genomics, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia; School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - A James Barkovich
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Edward Yang
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R Sean Hill
- Division of Genetics and Genomics and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics and Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pawel Gawlinski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Wiszniewski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Julie S Cohen
- Division of Neurogenetics, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S Ali Fatemi
- Division of Neurogenetics, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kristin W Baranano
- Division of Neurogenetics, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mustafa Sahin
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David G Vossler
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Christopher J Yuskaitis
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Epilepsy and Neurophysiology, Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christopher A Walsh
- Division of Genetics and Genomics and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics and Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
A case report of microcephaly and refractory West syndrome associated with WDR62 mutation. ACTA EPILEPTOLOGICA 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s42494-020-00012-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe autosomal recessive form of primary microcephaly (MCPH) is a rare disorder characterized by microcephaly with variable degree of intellectual disability. WDR62 has been reported as the second causative gene of MCPH2. West syndrome is a severe epilepsy syndrome composed of the triad of spasms, hypsarrhythmia, and mental retardation. There are limited clinical reports regarding WDR62 mutation and West syndrome. Here we report a boy who was identified with WDR62 mutation and was followed up from age 3 months to 5 months and 14 days. He had the first seizure as the classic epileptic spasm at the age of 3 months. Psychomotor retardation was noted before the seizure occurred. The head circumference was 38.5 cm (SD 2.6) when he was 4 months old, no dysmorphic facial features were observed. He couldn’t support his head steadily or turn over. He was able to laugh when tricked by the parents, but couldn’t track the sound and light. At the early stage, the electroencephalogram showed multifocal discharges, which evolved into hypsarrhythmia one month later, and brain MRI showed developmental malformation of cerebral gyrus. Two heterozygous mutations were identified in WDR62 by whole exome sequencing c.1535G > A, p.R512Q and c.2618dupT, p.K874Qfs*40. The patient was administrated with oral sodium valproate, nitrazepam, intramuscular adrenocorticotropic hormone for 2 weeks, and followed by prednisone, levetiracetam, topiramate and vigabatrin. However, there was no significant improvement on the seizure control after these treatments. According to the genetic report and clinical manifestation, we speculated that the WDR62 compound heterozygous mutation is responsible for the serious clinical phenotype.
Collapse
|