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Hernandez H, Baez S, Medel V, Moguilner S, Cuadros J, Santamaria-Garcia H, Tagliazucchi E, Valdes-Sosa PA, Lopera F, OchoaGómez JF, González-Hernández A, Bonilla-Santos J, Gonzalez-Montealegre RA, Aktürk T, Yıldırım E, Anghinah R, Legaz A, Fittipaldi S, Yener GG, Escudero J, Babiloni C, Lopez S, Whelan R, Lucas AAF, García AM, Huepe D, Caterina GD, Soto-Añari M, Birba A, Sainz-Ballesteros A, Coronel C, Herrera E, Abasolo D, Kilborn K, Rubido N, Clark R, Herzog R, Yerlikaya D, Güntekin B, Parra MA, Prado P, Ibanez A. Brain health in diverse settings: How age, demographics and cognition shape brain function. Neuroimage 2024; 295:120636. [PMID: 38777219 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Diversity in brain health is influenced by individual differences in demographics and cognition. However, most studies on brain health and diseases have typically controlled for these factors rather than explored their potential to predict brain signals. Here, we assessed the role of individual differences in demographics (age, sex, and education; n = 1298) and cognition (n = 725) as predictors of different metrics usually used in case-control studies. These included power spectrum and aperiodic (1/f slope, knee, offset) metrics, as well as complexity (fractal dimension estimation, permutation entropy, Wiener entropy, spectral structure variability) and connectivity (graph-theoretic mutual information, conditional mutual information, organizational information) from the source space resting-state EEG activity in a diverse sample from the global south and north populations. Brain-phenotype models were computed using EEG metrics reflecting local activity (power spectrum and aperiodic components) and brain dynamics and interactions (complexity and graph-theoretic measures). Electrophysiological brain dynamics were modulated by individual differences despite the varied methods of data acquisition and assessments across multiple centers, indicating that results were unlikely to be accounted for by methodological discrepancies. Variations in brain signals were mainly influenced by age and cognition, while education and sex exhibited less importance. Power spectrum activity and graph-theoretic measures were the most sensitive in capturing individual differences. Older age, poorer cognition, and being male were associated with reduced alpha power, whereas older age and less education were associated with reduced network integration and segregation. Findings suggest that basic individual differences impact core metrics of brain function that are used in standard case-control studies. Considering individual variability and diversity in global settings would contribute to a more tailored understanding of brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hernan Hernandez
- Latin American Brain Health Institute, Universidad Adolfo Ibañez, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Sandra Baez
- Universidad de los Andes, Bogota, Colombia; Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), University of California, San Francisco, US Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Vicente Medel
- Latin American Brain Health Institute, Universidad Adolfo Ibañez, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Sebastian Moguilner
- Latin American Brain Health Institute, Universidad Adolfo Ibañez, Santiago de Chile, Chile; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jhosmary Cuadros
- Latin American Brain Health Institute, Universidad Adolfo Ibañez, Santiago de Chile, Chile; Advanced Center for Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso 2390123, Chile; Grupo de Bioingeniería, Decanato de Investigación, Universidad Nacional Experimental del Táchira, San Cristóbal 5001, Venezuela
| | - Hernando Santamaria-Garcia
- Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (PhD Program in Neuroscience) Bogotá, San Ignacio, Colombia; Center of Memory and Cognition Intellectus, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio Bogotá, San Ignacio, Colombia
| | - Enzo Tagliazucchi
- Latin American Brain Health Institute, Universidad Adolfo Ibañez, Santiago de Chile, Chile; University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pedro A Valdes-Sosa
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Sciences, University of Electronic Sciences Technology of China, Chengdu, China; Cuban Neuroscience Center, La Habana, Cuba
| | - Francisco Lopera
- Grupo de Neurociencias de Antioquia, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | | | | | | | | | - Tuba Aktürk
- Department of Neurosciences, Health Sciences Institute, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ebru Yıldırım
- Department of Neurosciences, Health Sciences Institute, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Renato Anghinah
- Reference Center of Behavioural Disturbances and Dementia, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Traumatic Brain Injury Cognitive Rehabilitation Out-Patient Center, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Agustina Legaz
- Latin American Brain Health Institute, Universidad Adolfo Ibañez, Santiago de Chile, Chile; Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Universidad de San Andrés, Buenos Aires, Argentina; National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Sol Fittipaldi
- Latin American Brain Health Institute, Universidad Adolfo Ibañez, Santiago de Chile, Chile; Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), University of California, San Francisco, US Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Görsev G Yener
- Faculty of Medicine, Izmir University of Economics, 35330, Izmir, Turkey; Brain Dynamics Multidisciplinary Research Center, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey; Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Javier Escudero
- School of Engineering, Institute for Imaging, Data and Communications, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Claudio Babiloni
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Hospital San Raffaele Cassino, Cassino, (FR), Italy
| | - Susanna Lopez
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Robert Whelan
- Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), University of California, San Francisco, US Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Legal Medicine, Psychiatry and Pathology at the Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto A Fernández Lucas
- Department of Legal Medicine, Psychiatry and Pathology at the Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adolfo M García
- Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), University of California, San Francisco, US Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Universidad de San Andréss, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Lingüística y Literatura, Facultad de Humanidades, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - David Huepe
- Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience (CSCN), School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez
| | - Gaetano Di Caterina
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Agustina Birba
- Latin American Brain Health Institute, Universidad Adolfo Ibañez, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | | | - Carlos Coronel
- Latin American Brain Health Institute, Universidad Adolfo Ibañez, Santiago de Chile, Chile; Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), University of California, San Francisco, US Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso (CINV), Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Eduar Herrera
- Departamento de Estudios Psicológicos, Universidad ICESI, Cali, Colombia
| | - Daniel Abasolo
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering Sciences, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Kerry Kilborn
- School of Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Nicolás Rubido
- Institute for Complex Systems and Mathematical Biology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, UK
| | - Ruaridh Clark
- Centre for Signal and Image Processing, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, UK
| | - Ruben Herzog
- Latin American Brain Health Institute, Universidad Adolfo Ibañez, Santiago de Chile, Chile; Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Paris 75013, France
| | - Deniz Yerlikaya
- Department of Neurosciences, Health Sciences Institute, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Bahar Güntekin
- Health Sciences and Technology Research Institute (SABITA), Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Turkey
| | - Mario A Parra
- Department of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, United Kingdom and Associate Researcher of the Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pavel Prado
- Escuela de Fonoaudiología, Facultad de Odontología y Ciencias de la Rehabilitación, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Agustin Ibanez
- Latin American Brain Health Institute, Universidad Adolfo Ibañez, Santiago de Chile, Chile; Global Brain Health Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Universidad de San Andrés and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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Montemurro S, Borek D, Marinazzo D, Zago S, Masina F, Napoli E, Filippini N, Arcara G. Aperiodic component of EEG power spectrum and cognitive performance are modulated by education in aging. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15111. [PMID: 38956186 PMCID: PMC11220063 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66049-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown a growing interest in the so-called "aperiodic" component of the EEG power spectrum, which describes the overall trend of the whole spectrum with a linear or exponential function. In the field of brain aging, this aperiodic component is associated both with age-related changes and performance on cognitive tasks. This study aims to elucidate the potential role of education in moderating the relationship between resting-state EEG features (including aperiodic component) and cognitive performance in aging. N = 179 healthy participants of the "Leipzig Study for Mind-Body-Emotion Interactions" (LEMON) dataset were divided into three groups based on age and education. Older adults exhibited lower exponent, offset (i.e. measures of aperiodic component), and Individual Alpha Peak Frequency (IAPF) as compared to younger adults. Moreover, visual attention and working memory were differently associated with the aperiodic component depending on education: in older adults with high education, higher exponent predicted slower processing speed and less working memory capacity, while an opposite trend was found in those with low education. While further investigation is needed, this study shows the potential modulatory role of education in the relationship between the aperiodic component of the EEG power spectrum and aging cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Montemurro
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Pedagogy and Applied Psychology, FISPPA, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.
| | - Daniel Borek
- Department of Data-Analysis, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Daniele Marinazzo
- Department of Data-Analysis, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sara Zago
- IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, Venice, Italy
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Tröndle M, Langer N. Decomposing neurophysiological underpinnings of age-related decline in visual working memory. Neurobiol Aging 2024; 139:30-43. [PMID: 38593526 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Exploring the neural basis of age-related decline in working memory is vital in our aging society. Previous electroencephalographic studies suggested that the contralateral delay activity (CDA) may be insensitive to age-related decline in lateralized visual working memory (VWM) performance. Instead, recent evidence indicated that task-induced alpha power lateralization decreases in older age. However, the relationship between alpha power lateralization and age-related decline of VWM performance remains unknown, and recent studies have questioned the validity of these findings due to confounding factors of the aperiodic signal. Using a sample of 134 participants, we replicated the age-related decrease of alpha power lateralization after adjusting for the aperiodic signal. Critically, the link between task performance and alpha power lateralization was found only when correcting for aperiodic signal biases. Functionally, these findings suggest that age-related declines in VWM performance may be related to the decreased ability to prioritize relevant over irrelevant information. Conversely, CDA amplitudes were stable across age groups, suggesting a distinct neural mechanism possibly related to preserved VWM encoding or early maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Tröndle
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Methods of Plasticity Research, Zurich, Switzerland; University Research Priority Program (URPP) Dynamic of Healthy Aging, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Nicolas Langer
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Methods of Plasticity Research, Zurich, Switzerland; University Research Priority Program (URPP) Dynamic of Healthy Aging, Zurich, Switzerland
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da Silva Castanheira J, Wiesman AI, Hansen JY, Misic B, Baillet S. The neurophysiological brain-fingerprint of Parkinson's disease. EBioMedicine 2024; 105:105201. [PMID: 38908100 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research in healthy young adults shows that characteristic patterns of brain activity define individual "brain-fingerprints" that are unique to each person. However, variability in these brain-fingerprints increases in individuals with neurological conditions, challenging the clinical relevance and potential impact of the approach. Our study shows that brain-fingerprints derived from neurophysiological brain activity are associated with pathophysiological and clinical traits of individual patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). METHODS We created brain-fingerprints from task-free brain activity recorded through magnetoencephalography in 79 PD patients and compared them with those from two independent samples of age-matched healthy controls (N = 424 total). We decomposed brain activity into arrhythmic and rhythmic components, defining distinct brain-fingerprints for each type from recording durations of up to 4 min and as short as 30 s. FINDINGS The arrhythmic spectral components of cortical activity in patients with Parkinson's disease are more variable over short periods, challenging the definition of a reliable brain-fingerprint. However, by isolating the rhythmic components of cortical activity, we derived brain-fingerprints that distinguished between patients and healthy controls with about 90% accuracy. The most prominent cortical features of the resulting Parkinson's brain-fingerprint are mapped to polyrhythmic activity in unimodal sensorimotor regions. Leveraging these features, we also demonstrate that Parkinson's symptom laterality can be decoded directly from cortical neurophysiological activity. Furthermore, our study reveals that the cortical topography of the Parkinson's brain-fingerprint aligns with that of neurotransmitter systems affected by the disease's pathophysiology. INTERPRETATION The increased moment-to-moment variability of arrhythmic brain-fingerprints challenges patient differentiation and explains previously published results. We outline patient-specific rhythmic brain signaling features that provide insights into both the neurophysiological signature and symptom laterality of Parkinson's disease. Thus, the proposed definition of a rhythmic brain-fingerprint of Parkinson's disease may contribute to novel, refined approaches to patient stratification. Symmetrically, we discuss how rhythmic brain-fingerprints may contribute to the improved identification and testing of therapeutic neurostimulation targets. FUNDING Data collection and sharing for this project was provided by the Quebec Parkinson Network (QPN), the Pre-symptomatic Evaluation of Novel or Experimental Treatments for Alzheimer's Disease (PREVENT-AD; release 6.0) program, the Cambridge Centre for Aging Neuroscience (Cam-CAN), and the Open MEG Archives (OMEGA). The QPN is funded by a grant from Fonds de Recherche du Québec - Santé (FRQS). PREVENT-AD was launched in 2011 as a $13.5 million, 7-year public-private partnership using funds provided by McGill University, the FRQS, an unrestricted research grant from Pfizer Canada, the Levesque Foundation, the Douglas Hospital Research Centre and Foundation, the Government of Canada, and the Canada Fund for Innovation. The Brainstorm project is supported by funding to SB from the NIH (R01-EB026299-05). Further funding to SB for this study included a Discovery grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada of Canada (436355-13), and the CIHR Canada research Chair in Neural Dynamics of Brain Systems (CRC-2017-00311).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alex I Wiesman
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Justine Y Hansen
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Bratislav Misic
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sylvain Baillet
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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5
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Stanyard RA, Mason D, Ellis C, Dickson H, Short R, Batalle D, Arichi T. Aperiodic and Hurst EEG exponents across early human brain development: A systematic review. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2024; 68:101402. [PMID: 38917647 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
In electroencephalographic (EEG) data, power-frequency slope exponents (1/f_β) can provide non-invasive markers of in vivo neural activity excitation-inhibition (E:I) balance. E:I balance may be altered in neurodevelopmental conditions; hence, understanding how 1/fβ evolves across infancy/childhood has implications for developing early assessments/interventions. This systematic review (PROSPERO-ID: CRD42023363294) explored the early maturation (0-26 yrs) of resting-state EEG 1/f measures (aperiodic [AE], power law [PLE] and Hurst [HE] exponents), including studies containing ≥1 1/f measures and ≥10 typically developing participants. Five databases (including Embase and Scopus) were searched during March 2023. Forty-two studies were identified (Nparticipants=3478). Risk of bias was assessed using the Quality Assessment with Diverse Studies tool. Narrative synthesis of HE data suggests non-stationary EEG activity occurs throughout development. Age-related trends were complex, with rapid decreases in AEs during infancy and heterogenous changes thereafter. Regionally, AE maxima shifted developmentally, potentially reflecting spatial trends in maturing brain connectivity. This work highlights the importance of further characterising the development of 1/f measures to better understand how E:I balance shapes brain and cognitive development.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Stanyard
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, United Kingdom; Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom.
| | - D Mason
- Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - C Ellis
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - H Dickson
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - R Short
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - D Batalle
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, United Kingdom; Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - T Arichi
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, United Kingdom; MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, United Kingdom; Children's Neurosciences, Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
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6
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Earl RJ, Ford TC, Lum JAG, Enticott PG, Hill AT. Exploring aperiodic activity in first episode schizophrenia spectrum psychosis: A resting-state EEG analysis. Brain Res 2024; 1840:149052. [PMID: 38844199 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Abnormalities in brain oscillatory patterns have long been observed in schizophrenia and psychotic disorders more broadly. However, far less is known about aperiodic neural activity in these disorders, which has been linked to excitation/inhibition balance and neuronal population spiking within the brain. Here, we analysed resting-state electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings from 43 first episode schizophrenia spectrum psychosis (FESSP) patients and 28 healthy controls to examine whether aperiodic activity is disrupted in FESSP. We further assessed potential associations between aperiodic activity in FESSP and clinical symptom severity using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS), and the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS). We found no significant differences in either the 1/f-like aperiodic exponent or the broadband aperiodic offset between the FESSP and healthy control groups when analysing the global neural signal averaged across all EEG electrodes. Bayesian analyses further supported these non-significant findings. However, additional non-parametric cluster-based permutation analyses did identify reduced aperiodic offset in the FESSP group, relative to controls across broad central, temporal, parietal and select frontal regions. No associations were found between either exponent or offset and clinical symptom severity when examining all FESSP participants, irrespective of antipsychotic medication status. However, offset was shown to predict BPRS and SANS scores in medication naive patients. In sum, this research presents an initial analysis of aperiodic neural activity in FESSP, offering preliminary evidence of altered aperiodic offset in this disorder. This contributes to a broader understanding of disrupted neural dynamics in early psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruby J Earl
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Talitha C Ford
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia; Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jarrad A G Lum
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Peter G Enticott
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Aron T Hill
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia.
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Dakwar-Kawar O, Mentch-Lifshits T, Hochman S, Mairon N, Cohen R, Balasubramani P, Mishra J, Jordan J, Cohen Kadosh R, Berger I, Nahum M. Aperiodic and periodic components of oscillatory brain activity in relation to cognition and symptoms in pediatric ADHD. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae236. [PMID: 38858839 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder show deficits in processing speed, as well as aberrant neural oscillations, including both periodic (oscillatory) and aperiodic (1/f-like) activity, reflecting the pattern of power across frequencies. Both components were suggested as underlying neural mechanisms of cognitive dysfunctions in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Here, we examined differences in processing speed and resting-state-Electroencephalogram neural oscillations and their associations between 6- and 12-year-old children with (n = 33) and without (n = 33) attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Spectral analyses of the resting-state EEG signal using fast Fourier transform revealed increased power in fronto-central theta and beta oscillations for the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder group, but no differences in the theta/beta ratio. Using the parameterization method, we found a higher aperiodic exponent, which has been suggested to reflect lower neuronal excitation-inhibition, in the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder group. While fast Fourier transform-based theta power correlated with clinical symptoms for the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder group only, the aperiodic exponent was negatively correlated with processing speed across the entire sample. Finally, the aperiodic exponent was correlated with fast Fourier transform-based beta power. These results highlight the different and complementary contribution of periodic and aperiodic components of the neural spectrum as metrics for evaluation of processing speed in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Future studies should further clarify the roles of periodic and aperiodic components in additional cognitive functions and in relation to clinical status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ornella Dakwar-Kawar
- School of Occupational Therapy, Hebrew University, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, 9124001, Israel
| | - Tal Mentch-Lifshits
- School of Occupational Therapy, Hebrew University, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, 9124001, Israel
| | - Shachar Hochman
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Kate Granger Building, 30 Priestley Road, Surrey Research Park, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7YH
| | - Noam Mairon
- School of Occupational Therapy, Hebrew University, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, 9124001, Israel
| | - Reut Cohen
- School of Occupational Therapy, Hebrew University, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, 9124001, Israel
| | - Pragathi Balasubramani
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, UC San Diego 9500 Gilman Dr. La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
- Department of Cognitive Science, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Jyoti Mishra
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, UC San Diego 9500 Gilman Dr. La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Josh Jordan
- Department of Psychology, Dominican University of California, 50 Acacia Avenue, San Rafael, CA 94901, United States
| | - Roi Cohen Kadosh
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Kate Granger Building, 30 Priestley Road, Surrey Research Park, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7YH
| | - Itai Berger
- Pediatric Neurology, Assuta-Ashdod University Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Shevablvd 1, 84105 Beer Sheva, Israel
- School of Social Work and Social Welfare, Hebrew University, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, 9124001, Israel
| | - Mor Nahum
- School of Occupational Therapy, Hebrew University, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, 9124001, Israel
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8
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Pacheco LB, Feuerriegel D, Jach HK, Robinson E, Duong VN, Bode S, Smillie LD. Disentangling periodic and aperiodic resting EEG correlates of personality. Neuroimage 2024; 293:120628. [PMID: 38688430 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies of resting electroencephalography (EEG) correlates of personality traits have conflated periodic and aperiodic sources of EEG signals. Because these are associated with different underlying neural dynamics, disentangling them can avoid measurement confounds and clarify findings. In a large sample (n = 300), we investigated how disentangling these activities impacts findings related to two research programs within personality neuroscience. In Study 1 we examined associations between Extraversion and two putative markers of reward sensitivity-Left Frontal Alpha asymmetry (LFA) and Frontal-Posterior Theta (FPT). In Study 2 we used machine learning to predict personality trait scores from resting EEG. In both studies, power within each EEG frequency bin was quantified as both total power and separate contributions of periodic and aperiodic activity. In Study 1, total power LFA and FPT correlated negatively with Extraversion (r ∼ -0.14), but there was no relation when LFA and FPT were derived only from periodic activity. In Study 2, all Big Five traits could be decoded from periodic power (r ∼ 0.20), and Agreeableness could also be decoded from total power and from aperiodic indices. Taken together, these results show how separation of periodic and aperiodic activity in resting EEG may clarify findings in personality neuroscience. Disentangling these signals allows for more reliable findings relating to periodic EEG markers of personality, and highlights novel aperiodic markers to be explored in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Bonfim Pacheco
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Daniel Feuerriegel
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hayley K Jach
- Hector Research Institute of Education Sciences and Psychology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Elizabeth Robinson
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Bolton Clarke Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vu Ngoc Duong
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stefan Bode
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Luke D Smillie
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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9
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Euler MJ, Vehar JV, Guevara JE, Geiger AR, Deboeck PR, Lohse KR. Associations between the resting EEG aperiodic slope and broad domains of cognitive ability. Psychophysiology 2024; 61:e14543. [PMID: 38415824 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that the EEG aperiodic exponent (often represented as a slope in log-log space) is sensitive to individual differences in momentary cognitive skills such as selective attention and information processing speed. However, findings are mixed, and most of the studies have focused on just a narrow range of cognitive domains. This study used an archival dataset to help clarify associations between resting aperiodic features and broad domains of cognitive ability, which vary in their demands on momentary processing. Undergraduates (N = 166) of age 18-52 years completed a resting EEG session as well as a standardized, individually administered assessment of cognitive ability that included measures of processing speed, working memory, and higher-order visuospatial and verbal skills. A subsample (n = 110) also completed a computerized reaction time task with three difficulty levels. Data reduction analyses revealed strong correlations between the aperiodic offset and slope across electrodes, and a single component accounted for ~60% of variance in slopes across the scalp, in both eyes-closed and eyes-open conditions. Structural equation models did not support relations between the slope and specific domains tapping momentary processes. However, secondary analyses indicated that the eyes-open slope was related to higher overall performance, as represented by a single general ability factor. A latent reaction time variable was significantly inversely related to both eyes-closed and eyes-open resting exponents, such that faster reaction times were associated with steeper slopes. These findings support and help clarify the relation of the resting EEG exponent to individual differences in cognitive skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Euler
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Julia V Vehar
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Jasmin E Guevara
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Allie R Geiger
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Pascal R Deboeck
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Keith R Lohse
- Physical Therapy and Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
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10
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Kasten FH, Lattmann R, Strüber D, Herrmann CS. Decomposing the effects of α-tACS on brain oscillations and aperiodic 1/f activity. Brain Stimul 2024; 17:721-723. [PMID: 38823439 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2024.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Florian H Kasten
- Centre de Recherche Cerveau & Cognition, CNRS, Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.
| | - René Lattmann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Strüber
- Experimental Psychology Lab, Department of Psychology, European Medical School, Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4All", Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany; Research Center Neurosensory Science, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Christoph S Herrmann
- Experimental Psychology Lab, Department of Psychology, European Medical School, Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4All", Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany; Research Center Neurosensory Science, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany.
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11
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McCane AM, Kronheim L, Torrado Pacheco A, Moghaddam B. Adolescents rats engage the orbitofrontal-striatal pathway differently than adults during impulsive actions. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8605. [PMID: 38615065 PMCID: PMC11016110 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58648-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Adolescence is characterized by increased impulsive and risk-taking behaviors. To better understand the neural networks that subserves impulsivity in adolescents, we used a reward-guided behavioral model that quantifies age differences in impulsive actions in adult and adolescent rats of both sexes. Using chemogenetics, we identified orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) projections to the dorsomedial striatum (DMS) as a critical pathway for age-related execution of impulsive actions. Simultaneous recording of single units and local field potentials in the OFC and DMS during task performance revealed an overall muted response in adolescents during impulsive actions as well as age-specific differences in theta power and OFC-DMS functional connectivity. Collectively, these data reveal that the OFC-DMS pathway is critical for age-differences in reward-guided impulsive actions and provide a network mechanism to enhance our understanding of how adolescent and adult brains coordinate behavioral inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lo Kronheim
- Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Bita Moghaddam
- Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
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12
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McKeown DJ, Jones M, Pihl C, Finley AJ, Kelley N, Baumann O, Schinazi VR, Moustafa AA, Cavanagh JF, Angus DJ. Medication-invariant resting aperiodic and periodic neural activity in Parkinson's disease. Psychophysiology 2024; 61:e14478. [PMID: 37937898 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) has been associated with greater total power in canonical frequency bands (i.e., alpha, beta) of the resting electroencephalogram (EEG). However, PD has also been associated with a reduction in the proportion of total power across all frequency bands. This discrepancy may be explained by aperiodic activity (exponent and offset) present across all frequency bands. Here, we examined differences in the eyes-open (EO) and eyes-closed (EC) resting EEG of PD participants (N = 26) on and off medication, and age-matched healthy controls (CTL; N = 26). We extracted power from canonical frequency bands using traditional methods (total alpha and beta power) and extracted separate parameters for periodic (parameterized alpha and beta power) and aperiodic activity (exponent and offset). Cluster-based permutation tests over spatial and frequency dimensions indicated that total alpha and beta power, and aperiodic exponent and offset were greater in PD participants, independent of medication status. After removing the exponent and offset, greater alpha power in PD (vs. CTL) was only present in EO recordings and no reliable differences in beta power were observed. Differences between PD and CTL in the resting EEG are likely driven by aperiodic activity, suggestive of greater relative inhibitory neural activity and greater neuronal spiking. Our findings suggest that resting EEG activity in PD is characterized by medication-invariant differences in aperiodic activity which is independent of the increase in alpha power with EO. This highlights the importance of considering aperiodic activity contributions to the neural correlates of brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J McKeown
- Faculty of Society and Design, School of Psychology, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Manon Jones
- Faculty of Society and Design, School of Psychology, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Camilla Pihl
- Faculty of Society and Design, School of Psychology, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Anna J Finley
- Institute on Aging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Nicholas Kelley
- School of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Oliver Baumann
- Faculty of Society and Design, School of Psychology, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Victor R Schinazi
- Faculty of Society and Design, School of Psychology, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ahmed A Moustafa
- Faculty of Society and Design, School of Psychology, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - James F Cavanagh
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Douglas J Angus
- Faculty of Society and Design, School of Psychology, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
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13
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Di Dona G, Zamfira DA, Battista M, Battaglini L, Perani D, Ronconi L. The role of parietal beta-band activity in the resolution of visual crowding. Neuroimage 2024; 289:120550. [PMID: 38382861 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Visual crowding is the difficulty in identifying an object when surrounded by neighbouring flankers, representing a bottleneck for object perception. Crowding arises not only from the activity of visual areas but also from parietal areas and fronto-parietal network activity. Parietal areas would provide the dorsal-to-ventral guidance for object identification and the fronto-parietal network would modulate the attentional resolution. Several studies highlighted the relevance of beta oscillations (15-25 Hz) in these areas for visual crowding and other connatural visual phenomena. In the present study, we investigated the differential contribution of beta oscillations in the parietal cortex and fronto-parietal network in the resolution of visual crowding. During a crowding task with letter stimuli, high-definition transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS) in the beta band (18 Hz) was delivered bilaterally on parietal sites, on the right fronto-parietal network, and in a sham regime. Resting-state EEG was recorded before and after stimulation to measure tACS-induced aftereffects. The influence of crowding was reduced only when tACS was delivered bilaterally on parietal sites. In this condition, beta power was reduced after the stimulation. Furthermore, the magnitude of tACS-induced aftereffects varied as a function of individual differences in beta oscillations. Results corroborate the link between parietal beta oscillations and visual crowding, providing fundamental insights on brain rhythms underlying the dorsal-to-ventral guidance in visual perception and suggesting that beta tACS can induce plastic changes in these areas. Remarkably, these findings open new possibilities for neuromodulatory interventions for disorders characterised by abnormal crowding, such as dyslexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Di Dona
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milano MI, Italy; School of Psychology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milano MI, Italy.
| | - Denisa Adina Zamfira
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milano MI, Italy; School of Psychology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milano MI, Italy
| | - Martina Battista
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milano MI, Italy; MoMiLab Research Unit, IMT School for Advanced Studies Lucca, Piazza S. Francesco 19, 55100 Lucca LU, Italy
| | - Luca Battaglini
- Dipartimento di Psicologia Generale, University of Padova, Via Venezia 8, 35131 Padova PD, Italy
| | - Daniela Perani
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milano MI, Italy; School of Psychology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milano MI, Italy
| | - Luca Ronconi
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milano MI, Italy; School of Psychology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milano MI, Italy.
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14
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McKeon SD, Perica MI, Parr AC, Calabro FJ, Foran W, Hetherington H, Moon CH, Luna B. Aperiodic EEG and 7T MRSI evidence for maturation of E/I balance supporting the development of working memory through adolescence. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2024; 66:101373. [PMID: 38574406 PMCID: PMC11000172 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Adolescence has been hypothesized to be a critical period for the development of human association cortex and higher-order cognition. A defining feature of critical period development is a shift in the excitation: inhibition (E/I) balance of neural circuitry, however how changes in E/I may enhance cortical circuit function to support maturational improvements in cognitive capacities is not known. Harnessing ultra-high field 7 T MR spectroscopy and EEG in a large, longitudinal cohort of youth (N = 164, ages 10-32 years old, 347 neuroimaging sessions), we delineate biologically specific associations between age-related changes in excitatory glutamate and inhibitory GABA neurotransmitters and EEG-derived measures of aperiodic neural activity reflective of E/I balance in prefrontal association cortex. Specifically, we find that developmental increases in E/I balance reflected in glutamate:GABA balance are linked to changes in E/I balance assessed by the suppression of prefrontal aperiodic activity, which in turn facilitates robust improvements in working memory. These findings indicate a role for E/I-engendered changes in prefrontal signaling mechanisms in the maturation of cognitive maintenance. More broadly, this multi-modal imaging study provides evidence that human association cortex undergoes physiological changes consistent with critical period plasticity during adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane D McKeon
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA; The Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Maria I Perica
- The Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ashley C Parr
- The Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Finnegan J Calabro
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA; The Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Will Foran
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hoby Hetherington
- Resonance Research Incorporated, Billerica, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Chan-Hong Moon
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Beatriz Luna
- The Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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15
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Finley AJ, Angus DJ, Knight EL, van Reekum CM, Lachman ME, Davidson RJ, Schaefer SM. Resting EEG Periodic and Aperiodic Components Predict Cognitive Decline Over 10 Years. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1332232024. [PMID: 38373849 PMCID: PMC10977020 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1332-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Measures of intrinsic brain function at rest show promise as predictors of cognitive decline in humans, including EEG metrics such as individual α peak frequency (IAPF) and the aperiodic exponent, reflecting the strongest frequency of α oscillations and the relative balance of excitatory/inhibitory neural activity, respectively. Both IAPF and the aperiodic exponent decrease with age and have been associated with worse executive function and working memory. However, few studies have jointly examined their associations with cognitive function, and none have examined their association with longitudinal cognitive decline rather than cross-sectional impairment. In a preregistered secondary analysis of data from the longitudinal Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study, we tested whether IAPF and aperiodic exponent measured at rest predict cognitive function (N = 235; age at EEG recording M = 55.10, SD = 10.71) over 10 years. The IAPF and the aperiodic exponent interacted to predict decline in overall cognitive ability, even after controlling for age, sex, education, and lag between data collection time points. Post hoc tests showed that "mismatched" IAPF and aperiodic exponents (e.g., higher exponent with lower IAPF) predicted greater cognitive decline compared to "matching" IAPF and aperiodic exponents (e.g., higher exponent with higher IAPF; lower IAPF with lower aperiodic exponent). These effects were largely driven by measures of executive function. Our findings provide the first evidence that IAPF and the aperiodic exponent are joint predictors of cognitive decline from midlife into old age and thus may offer a useful clinical tool for predicting cognitive risk in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna J Finley
- Institute on Aging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Douglas J Angus
- School of Psychology, Bond University, Robina, Queensland 4226, Australia
| | - Erik L Knight
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309
| | - Carien M van Reekum
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6ES, United Kingdom
| | - Margie E Lachman
- Department of Psychology, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453
| | - Richard J Davidson
- Center for Healthy Minds, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Stacey M Schaefer
- Institute on Aging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
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16
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Alnes SL, Bächlin LZM, Schindler K, Tzovara A. Neural complexity and the spectral slope characterise auditory processing in wakefulness and sleep. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:822-841. [PMID: 38100263 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Auditory processing and the complexity of neural activity can both indicate residual consciousness levels and differentiate states of arousal. However, how measures of neural signal complexity manifest in neural activity following environmental stimulation and, more generally, how the electrophysiological characteristics of auditory responses change in states of reduced consciousness remain under-explored. Here, we tested the hypothesis that measures of neural complexity and the spectral slope would discriminate stages of sleep and wakefulness not only in baseline electroencephalography (EEG) activity but also in EEG signals following auditory stimulation. High-density EEG was recorded in 21 participants to determine the spatial relationship between these measures and between EEG recorded pre- and post-auditory stimulation. Results showed that the complexity and the spectral slope in the 2-20 Hz range discriminated between sleep stages and had a high correlation in sleep. In wakefulness, complexity was strongly correlated to the 20-40 Hz spectral slope. Auditory stimulation resulted in reduced complexity in sleep compared to the pre-stimulation EEG activity and modulated the spectral slope in wakefulness. These findings confirm our hypothesis that electrophysiological markers of arousal are sensitive to sleep/wake states in EEG activity during baseline and following auditory stimulation. Our results have direct applications to studies using auditory stimulation to probe neural functions in states of reduced consciousness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigurd L Alnes
- Institute of Computer Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Zentrum für Experimentelle Neurologie, Department of Neurology, Inselspital University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lea Z M Bächlin
- Institute of Computer Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kaspar Schindler
- Sleep-Wake-Epilepsy Center, NeuroTec, Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Athina Tzovara
- Institute of Computer Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Zentrum für Experimentelle Neurologie, Department of Neurology, Inselspital University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Sleep-Wake-Epilepsy Center, NeuroTec, Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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17
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Bódizs R, Schneider B, Ujma PP, Horváth CG, Dresler M, Rosenblum Y. Fundamentals of sleep regulation: Model and benchmark values for fractal and oscillatory neurodynamics. Prog Neurobiol 2024; 234:102589. [PMID: 38458483 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2024.102589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Homeostatic, circadian and ultradian mechanisms play crucial roles in the regulation of sleep. Evidence suggests that ratios of low-to-high frequency power in the electroencephalogram (EEG) spectrum indicate the instantaneous level of sleep pressure, influenced by factors such as individual sleep-wake history, current sleep stage, age-related differences and brain topography characteristics. These effects are well captured and reflected in the spectral exponent, a composite measure of the constant low-to-high frequency ratio in the periodogram, which is scale-free and exhibits lower interindividual variability compared to slow wave activity, potentially serving as a suitable standardization and reference measure. Here we propose an index of sleep homeostasis based on the spectral exponent, reflecting the level of membrane hyperpolarization and/or network bistability in the central nervous system in humans. In addition, we advance the idea that the U-shaped overnight deceleration of oscillatory slow and fast sleep spindle frequencies marks the biological night, providing somnologists with an EEG-index of circadian sleep regulation. Evidence supporting this assertion comes from studies based on sleep replacement, forced desynchrony protocols and high-resolution analyses of sleep spindles. Finally, ultradian sleep regulatory mechanisms are indicated by the recurrent, abrupt shifts in dominant oscillatory frequencies, with spindle ranges signifying non-rapid eye movement and non-spindle oscillations - rapid eye movement phases of the sleep cycles. Reconsidering the indicators of fundamental sleep regulatory processes in the framework of the new Fractal and Oscillatory Adjustment Model (FOAM) offers an appealing opportunity to bridge the gap between the two-process model of sleep regulation and clinical somnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Róbert Bódizs
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Bence Schneider
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter P Ujma
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csenge G Horváth
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Martin Dresler
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Yevgenia Rosenblum
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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18
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Höhn C, Hahn MA, Lendner JD, Hoedlmoser K. Spectral Slope and Lempel-Ziv Complexity as Robust Markers of Brain States during Sleep and Wakefulness. eNeuro 2024; 11:ENEURO.0259-23.2024. [PMID: 38471778 PMCID: PMC10978822 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0259-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Nonoscillatory measures of brain activity such as the spectral slope and Lempel-Ziv complexity are affected by many neurological disorders and modulated by sleep. A multitude of frequency ranges, particularly a broadband (encompassing the full spectrum) and a narrowband approach, have been used especially for estimating the spectral slope. However, the effects of choosing different frequency ranges have not yet been explored in detail. Here, we evaluated the impact of sleep stage and task engagement (resting, attention, and memory) on slope and complexity in a narrowband (30-45 Hz) and broadband (1-45 Hz) frequency range in 28 healthy male human subjects (21.54 ± 1.90 years) using a within-subject design over 2 weeks with three recording nights and days per subject. We strived to determine how different brain states and frequency ranges affect slope and complexity and how the two measures perform in comparison. In the broadband range, the slope steepened, and complexity decreased continuously from wakefulness to N3 sleep. REM sleep, however, was best discriminated by the narrowband slope. Importantly, slope and complexity also differed between tasks during wakefulness. While narrowband complexity decreased with task engagement, the slope flattened in both frequency ranges. Interestingly, only the narrowband slope was positively correlated with task performance. Our results show that slope and complexity are sensitive indices of brain state variations during wakefulness and sleep. However, the spectral slope yields more information and could be used for a greater variety of research questions than Lempel-Ziv complexity, especially when a narrowband frequency range is used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Höhn
- Laboratory for Sleep, Cognition and Consciousness Research, Department of Psychology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience Salzburg (CCNS), University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Michael A Hahn
- Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University Medical Center Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Janna D Lendner
- Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University Medical Center Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kerstin Hoedlmoser
- Laboratory for Sleep, Cognition and Consciousness Research, Department of Psychology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience Salzburg (CCNS), University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
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19
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Salvatore SV, Lambert PM, Benz A, Rensing NR, Wong M, Zorumski CF, Mennerick S. Periodic and aperiodic changes to cortical EEG in response to pharmacological manipulation. J Neurophysiol 2024; 131:529-540. [PMID: 38323322 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00445.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Cortical electroencephalograms (EEGs) may help understanding of neuropsychiatric illness and new treatment mechanisms. The aperiodic component (1/f) of EEG power spectra is often treated as noise, but recent studies suggest that changes to the aperiodic exponent of power spectra may reflect changes in excitation/inhibition balance, a concept linked to antidepressant effects, epilepsy, autism, and other clinical conditions. One confound of previous studies is behavioral state, because factors associated with behavioral state other than excitation/inhibition ratio may alter EEG parameters. Thus, to test the robustness of the aperiodic exponent as a predictor of excitation/inhibition ratio, we analyzed video-EEG during active exploration in mice of both sexes during various pharmacological manipulations with the fitting oscillations and one over f (FOOOF) algorithm. We found that GABAA receptor (GABAAR)-positive allosteric modulators increased the aperiodic exponent, consistent with the hypothesis that an increased exponent signals enhanced cortical inhibition, but other drugs (ketamine and GABAAR antagonists at subconvulsive doses) did not follow the prediction. To tilt excitation/inhibition ratio more selectively toward excitation, we suppressed the activity of parvalbumin-positive interneurons with Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs (DREADDs). Contrary to our expectations, circuit disinhibition with the DREADD increased the aperiodic exponent. We conclude that the aperiodic exponent of EEG power spectra does not yield a universally reliable marker of cortical excitation/inhibition ratio.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Neuropsychiatric illness may be associated with altered excitation/inhibition balance. A single electroencephalogram (EEG) parameter, the aperiodic exponent of power spectra, may predict the ratio between excitation and inhibition. Here, we use cortical EEGs in mice to evaluate this hypothesis, using pharmacological manipulations of known mechanism. We show that the aperiodic exponent of EEG power spectra is not a reliable marker of excitation/inhibition ratio. Thus, alternative markers of this ratio must be sought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia V Salvatore
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Peter M Lambert
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Ann Benz
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Nicholas R Rensing
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Michael Wong
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Charles F Zorumski
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
- Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Steven Mennerick
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
- Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
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20
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Pauls KAM, Salmela E, Korsun O, Kujala J, Salmelin R, Renvall H. Human Sensorimotor Beta Event Characteristics and Aperiodic Signal Are Highly Heritable. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e0265232023. [PMID: 37973377 PMCID: PMC10860623 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0265-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Individuals' phenotypes, including the brain's structure and function, are largely determined by genes and their interplay. The resting brain generates salient rhythmic patterns that can be characterized noninvasively using functional neuroimaging such as magnetoencephalography (MEG). One of these rhythms, the somatomotor (rolandic) beta rhythm, shows intermittent high amplitude "events" that predict behavior across tasks and species. Beta rhythm is altered in neurological disease. The aperiodic (1/f) signal present in electrophysiological recordings is also modulated by some neurological conditions and aging. Both sensorimotor beta and aperiodic signal could thus serve as biomarkers of sensorimotor function. Knowledge about the extent to which these brain functional measures are heritable could shed light on the mechanisms underlying their generation. We investigated the heritability and variability of human spontaneous sensorimotor beta rhythm events and aperiodic activity in 210 healthy male and female adult siblings' spontaneous MEG activity. The most heritable trait was the aperiodic 1/f signal, with a heritability of 0.87 in the right hemisphere. Time-resolved beta event amplitude parameters were also highly heritable, whereas the heritabilities for overall beta power, peak frequency, and measures of event duration remained nonsignificant. Human sensorimotor neural activity can thus be dissected into different components with variable heritability. We postulate that these differences partially reflect different underlying signal-generating mechanisms. The 1/f signal and beta event amplitude measures may depend more on fixed, anatomical parameters, whereas beta event duration and its modulation reflect dynamic characteristics, guiding their use as potential disease biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Amande M Pauls
- Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Helsinki, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
- BioMag Laboratory, HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elina Salmela
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Olesia Korsun
- BioMag Laboratory, HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, School of Science, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Jan Kujala
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Riitta Salmelin
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, School of Science, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Hanna Renvall
- BioMag Laboratory, HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, School of Science, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
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21
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Finley AJ, Angus DJ, Knight E, van Reekum CM, Lachman ME, Davidson RJ, Schaefer SM. Resting EEG Periodic and Aperiodic Components Predict Cognitive Decline Over 10 Years. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.07.17.549371. [PMID: 37503078 PMCID: PMC10370116 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.17.549371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Measures of intrinsic brain function at rest show promise as predictors of cognitive decline in humans, including EEG metrics such as individual alpha peak frequency (IAPF) and the aperiodic exponent, reflecting the strongest frequency of alpha oscillations and the relative balance of excitatory:inhibitory neural activity, respectively. Both IAPF and the aperiodic exponent decrease with age and have been associated with worse executive function and working memory. However, few studies have jointly examined their associations with cognitive function, and none have examined their association with longitudinal cognitive decline rather than cross-sectional impairment. In a preregistered secondary analysis of data from the longitudinal Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study, we tested whether IAPF and aperiodic exponent measured at rest predict cognitive function (N = 235; age at EEG recording M = 55.10, SD = 10.71) over 10 years. The IAPF and the aperiodic exponent interacted to predict decline in overall cognitive ability, even after controlling for age, sex, education, and lag between data collection timepoints. Post-hoc tests showed that "mismatched" IAPF and aperiodic exponents (e.g., higher exponent with lower IAPF) predicted greater cognitive decline compared to "matching" IAPF and aperiodic exponents (e.g., higher exponent with higher IAPF; lower IAPF with lower aperiodic exponent). These effects were largely driven by measures of executive function. Our findings provide the first evidence that IAPF and the aperiodic exponent are joint predictors of cognitive decline from midlife into old age and thus may offer a useful clinical tool for predicting cognitive risk in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Erik Knight
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder
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22
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De Pascalis V. Brain Functional Correlates of Resting Hypnosis and Hypnotizability: A Review. Brain Sci 2024; 14:115. [PMID: 38391691 PMCID: PMC10886478 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14020115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review delves into the cognitive neuroscience of hypnosis and variations in hypnotizability by examining research employing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and electroencephalography (EEG) methods. Key focus areas include functional brain imaging correlations in hypnosis, EEG band oscillations as indicators of hypnotic states, alterations in EEG functional connectivity during hypnosis and wakefulness, drawing critical conclusions, and suggesting future research directions. The reviewed functional connectivity findings support the notion that disruptions in the available integration between different components of the executive control network during hypnosis may correspond to altered subjective appraisals of the agency during the hypnotic response, as per dissociated and cold control theories of hypnosis. A promising exploration avenue involves investigating how frontal lobes' neurochemical and aperiodic components of the EEG activity at waking-rest are linked to individual differences in hypnotizability. Future studies investigating the effects of hypnosis on brain function should prioritize examining distinctive activation patterns across various neural networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilfredo De Pascalis
- Department of Psychology, La Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- School of Psychology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
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23
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Wang ZJ, Lee HC, Chuang CH, Hsiao FC, Lee SH, Hsu AL, Wu CW. Traces of EEG-fMRI coupling reveals neurovascular dynamics on sleep inertia. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1537. [PMID: 38233587 PMCID: PMC10794702 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51694-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Upon emergence from sleep, individuals experience temporary hypo-vigilance and grogginess known as sleep inertia. During the transient period of vigilance recovery from prior nocturnal sleep, the neurovascular coupling (NVC) may not be static and constant as assumed by previous neuroimaging studies. Stemming from this viewpoint of sleep inertia, this study aims to probe the NVC changes as awakening time prolongs using simultaneous EEG-fMRI. The time-lagged coupling between EEG features of vigilance and BOLD-fMRI signals, in selected regions of interest, was calculated with one pre-sleep and three consecutive post-awakening resting-state measures. We found marginal changes in EEG theta/beta ratio and spectral slope across post-awakening sessions, demonstrating alterations of vigilance during sleep inertia. Time-varying EEG-fMRI coupling as awakening prolonged was evidenced by the changing time lags of the peak correlation between EEG alpha-vigilance and fMRI-thalamus, as well as EEG spectral slope and fMRI-anterior cingulate cortex. This study provides the first evidence of potential dynamicity of NVC occurred in sleep inertia and opens new avenues for non-invasive neuroimaging investigations into the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying brain state transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhitong John Wang
- Graduate Institute of Mind, Brain and Consciousness, Taipei Medical University, 5 Floor, 301, Yuantong Rd., Zhonghe Dist, New Taipei, 235040, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chien Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Research Center of Sleep Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsiang Chuang
- Research Center for Education and Mind Sciences, College of Education, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Chi Hsiao
- Department of Counseling, Clinical and Industrial/Organizational Psychology, Ming Chuan University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shwu-Hua Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, 259, Wenhua 1St Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ai-Ling Hsu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, 259, Wenhua 1St Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan.
- Bachelor Program in Artificial Intelligence, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Changwei W Wu
- Graduate Institute of Mind, Brain and Consciousness, Taipei Medical University, 5 Floor, 301, Yuantong Rd., Zhonghe Dist, New Taipei, 235040, Taiwan.
- Research Center of Sleep Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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24
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McKeown DJ, Finley AJ, Kelley NJ, Cavanagh JF, Keage HAD, Baumann O, Schinazi VR, Moustafa AA, Angus DJ. Test-retest reliability of spectral parameterization by 1/f characterization using SpecParam. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhad482. [PMID: 38100367 PMCID: PMC10793580 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
SpecParam (formally known as FOOOF) allows for the refined measurements of electroencephalography periodic and aperiodic activity, and potentially provides a non-invasive measurement of excitation: inhibition balance. However, little is known about the psychometric properties of this technique. This is integral for understanding the usefulness of SpecParam as a tool to determine differences in measurements of cognitive function, and electroencephalography activity. We used intraclass correlation coefficients to examine the test-retest reliability of parameterized activity across three sessions (90 minutes apart and 30 days later) in 49 healthy young adults at rest with eyes open, eyes closed, and during three eyes closed cognitive tasks including subtraction (Math), music recall (Music), and episodic memory (Memory). Intraclass correlation coefficients were good for the aperiodic exponent and offset (intraclass correlation coefficients > 0.70) and parameterized periodic activity (intraclass correlation coefficients > 0.66 for alpha and beta power, central frequency, and bandwidth) across conditions. Across all three sessions, SpecParam performed poorly in eyes open (40% of participants had poor fits over non-central sites) and had poor test-retest reliability for parameterized periodic activity. SpecParam mostly provides reliable metrics of individual differences in parameterized neural activity. More work is needed to understand the suitability of eyes open resting data for parameterization using SpecParam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J McKeown
- The Mind Space Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Society and Design, Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD 4229, Australia
| | - Anna J Finley
- Institute on Aging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - Nicholas J Kelley
- School of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - James F Cavanagh
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, United States
| | - Hannah A D Keage
- School of Psychology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - Oliver Baumann
- The Mind Space Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Society and Design, Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD 4229, Australia
| | - Victor R Schinazi
- The Mind Space Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Society and Design, Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD 4229, Australia
| | - Ahmed A Moustafa
- The Mind Space Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Society and Design, Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD 4229, Australia
| | - Douglas J Angus
- The Mind Space Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Society and Design, Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD 4229, Australia
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25
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Parrella NF, Hill AT, Dipnall LM, Loke YJ, Enticott PG, Ford TC. Inhibitory dysfunction and social processing difficulties in autism: A comprehensive narrative review. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 169:113-125. [PMID: 38016393 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
The primary inhibitory neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) has a prominent role in regulating neural development and function, with disruption to GABAergic signalling linked to behavioural phenotypes associated with neurodevelopmental disorders, particularly autism. Such neurochemical disruption, likely resulting from diverse genetic and molecular mechanisms, particularly during early development, can subsequently affect the cellular balance of excitation and inhibition in neuronal circuits, which may account for the social processing difficulties observed in autism and related conditions. This comprehensive narrative review integrates diverse streams of research from several disciplines, including molecular neurobiology, genetics, epigenetics, and systems neuroscience. In so doing it aims to elucidate the relevance of inhibitory dysfunction to autism, with specific focus on social processing difficulties that represent a core feature of this disorder. Many of the social processing difficulties experienced in autism have been linked to higher levels of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate and/or lower levels of inhibitory GABA. While current therapeutic options for social difficulties in autism are largely limited to behavioural interventions, this review highlights the psychopharmacological studies that explore the utility of GABA modulation in alleviating such difficulties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aron T Hill
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lillian M Dipnall
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia; Early Life Epigenetics Group, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Yuk Jing Loke
- Epigenetics Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter G Enticott
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Talitha C Ford
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia; Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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26
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Cheng H, Yan F, Li D, Song D, Wang Q, Huang L. EEG spectral slope: A reliable indicator for continuous evaluation of consciousness levels during propofol anesthesia. Neuroimage 2023; 283:120426. [PMID: 37898378 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The level of consciousness undergoes continuous alterations during anesthesia. Prior to the onset of propofol-induced complete unconsciousness, degraded levels of behavioral responsiveness can be observed. However, a reliable index to monitor altered consciousness levels during anesthesia has not been sufficiently investigated. In this study, we obtained 60-channel EEG data from 24 healthy participants during an ultra-slow propofol infusion protocol starting with an initial concentration of 1 μg/ml and a stepwise increase of 0.2 μg/ml in concentration. Consecutive auditory stimuli were delivered every 5 to 6 s, and the response time to the stimuli was used to assess the responsiveness levels. We calculated the spectral slope in a time-resolved manner by extracting 5-second EEG segments at each auditory stimulus and estimated their correlation with the corresponding response time. Our results demonstrated that during slow propofol infusion, the response time to external stimuli increased, while the EEG spectral slope, fitted at 15-45 Hz, became steeper, and a significant negative correlation was observed between them. Moreover, the spectral slope further steepened at deeper anesthetic levels and became flatter during anesthesia recovery. We verified these findings using an external dataset. Additionally, we found that the spectral slope of frontal electrodes over the prefrontal lobe had the best performance in predicting the response time. Overall, this study used a time-resolved analysis to suggest that the EEG spectral slope could reliably track continuously altered consciousness levels during propofol anesthesia. Furthermore, the frontal spectral slope may be a promising index for clinical monitoring of anesthesia depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, No.2 TaiBai South Road, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yubo Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, No.2 TaiBai South Road, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Huanhuan Cheng
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, No.2 TaiBai South Road, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Fei Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology & Center for Brain Science, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Dingning Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, No.2 TaiBai South Road, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Dawei Song
- Department of Anesthesiology & Center for Brain Science, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology & Center for Brain Science, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Liyu Huang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, No.2 TaiBai South Road, Xi'an 710061, China.
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27
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Ameen MS, Petzka M, Peigneux P, Hoedlmoser K. Post-training sleep modulates motor adaptation and task-related beta oscillations. J Sleep Res 2023:e14082. [PMID: 37950689 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.14082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Motor adaptation reflects the ability of the brain's sensorimotor system to flexibly deal with environmental changes to generate effective motor behaviour. Whether sleep contributes to the consolidation of motor adaptation remains controversial. In this study, we investigated the impact of sleep on motor adaptation and its neurophysiological correlates in a novel motor adaptation task that leverages a highly automatised motor skill, that is, typing. We hypothesised that sleep-associated memory consolidation would benefit motor adaptation and induce modulations in task-related beta band (13-30 Hz) activity during adaptation. Healthy young male experts in typing on the regular computer keyboard were trained to type on a vertically mirrored keyboard while brain activity was recorded using electroencephalography. Typing performance was assessed either after a full night of sleep with polysomnography or a similar period of daytime wakefulness. Results showed improved motor adaptation performance after nocturnal sleep but not after daytime wakefulness, and decreased beta power: (a) during mirrored typing as compared with regular typing; and (b) in the post-sleep versus the pre-sleep mirrored typing sessions. Furthermore, the slope of the electroencephalography signal, a measure of aperiodic brain activity, decreased during mirrored as compared with regular typing. Changes in the electroencephalography spectral slope from pre- to post-sleep mirrored typing sessions were correlated with changes in task performance. Finally, increased fast sleep spindle density (13-15 Hz) during the night following motor adaptation training was predictive of successful motor adaptation. These findings suggest that post-training sleep modulates neural activity supporting adaptive motor functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S Ameen
- Laboratory for Sleep, Cognition and Consciousness Research, Department of Psychology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience Salzburg (CCNS), University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Marit Petzka
- Max Planck Research Group NeuroCode, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Psychology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Philippe Peigneux
- UR2NF, Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Unit at CRCN-Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences, UNI-ULB Neurosciences Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kerstin Hoedlmoser
- Laboratory for Sleep, Cognition and Consciousness Research, Department of Psychology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience Salzburg (CCNS), University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
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28
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Ladas AI, Gravalas T, Stoneham T, Frantzidis CA. Towards a hybrid approach to unveil the Chimaira of neurosciences: philosophy, aperiodic activity and the neural correlates of consciousness. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1245868. [PMID: 37900726 PMCID: PMC10603270 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1245868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Contemporary theories of consciousness, although very efficient in postulating testable hypotheses, seem to either neglect its relational aspect or to have a profound difficulty in operationalizing this aspect in a measurable manner. We further argue that the analysis of periodic brain activity is inadequate to reveal consciousness's subjective facet. This creates an important epistemic gap in the quest for the neural correlates of consciousness. We suggest a possible solution to bridge this gap, by analysing aperiodic brain activity. We further argue for the imperative need to inform neuroscientific theories of consciousness with relevant philosophical endeavours, in an effort to define, and therefore operationalise, consciousness thoroughly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristea I. Ladas
- Department of Psychology, CITY College, University of York Europe Campus, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Triantafyllos Gravalas
- Department of Psychology, CITY College, University of York Europe Campus, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Tom Stoneham
- Department of Philosophy, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Christos A. Frantzidis
- School of Computer Science, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Digital Innovation, Biomedical Engineering and Aerospace Neuroscience (BEAN), Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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29
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Rosenblum Y, Bovy L, Weber FD, Steiger A, Zeising M, Dresler M. Increased Aperiodic Neural Activity During Sleep in Major Depressive Disorder. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2023; 3:1021-1029. [PMID: 37881583 PMCID: PMC10593867 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In major depressive disorder (MDD), patients often express subjective sleep complaints, while polysomnographic studies report only subtle alterations of the electroencephalographic signal. We hypothesize that differentiating the signal into its oscillatory and aperiodic components may bring new insights into our understanding of sleep abnormalities in MDD. Specifically, we investigated aperiodic neural activity during sleep and its relationships with sleep architecture, depression severity, and responsivity to antidepressant treatment. Methods Polysomnography was recorded in 38 patients with MDD (in unmedicated and 7-day-medicated states) and 38 age-matched healthy control subjects (N= 76). The aperiodic power component was calculated using irregularly resampled auto-spectral analysis. Depression severity was assessed with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. We replicated the analysis using 2 independently collected datasets of medicated patients and control subjects (N = 60 and N = 80, respectively). Results Unmedicated patients showed flatter aperiodic slopes compared with control subjects during non-rapid eye movement (non-REM) stage 2 sleep (p = .009). Medicated patients showed flatter aperiodic slopes compared with their earlier unmedicated state (p values < .001) and control subjects during all sleep stages (p values < .03). In medicated patients, flatter aperiodic slopes during non-REM sleep were linked to the higher proportion of N1, lower proportion of REM, delayed onset of N3 and REM, and shorter total sleep time. Conclusions Flatter slopes of aperiodic electroencephalographic power may reflect noisier neural activity due to increased excitation-to-inhibition balance, representing a new disease-relevant feature of sleep in MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yevgenia Rosenblum
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Leonore Bovy
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Frederik D. Weber
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Axel Steiger
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Marcel Zeising
- Centre of Mental Health, Klinikum Ingolstadt, Ingolstadt, Germany
| | - Martin Dresler
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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30
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Xu N, Qin X, Zhou Z, Shan W, Ren J, Yang C, Lu L, Wang Q. Age differentially modulates the cortical tracking of the lower and higher level linguistic structures during speech comprehension. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:10463-10474. [PMID: 37566910 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Speech comprehension requires listeners to rapidly parse continuous speech into hierarchically-organized linguistic structures (i.e. syllable, word, phrase, and sentence) and entrain the neural activities to the rhythm of different linguistic levels. Aging is accompanied by changes in speech processing, but it remains unclear how aging affects different levels of linguistic representation. Here, we recorded magnetoencephalography signals in older and younger groups when subjects actively and passively listened to the continuous speech in which hierarchical linguistic structures of word, phrase, and sentence were tagged at 4, 2, and 1 Hz, respectively. A newly-developed parameterization algorithm was applied to separate the periodically linguistic tracking from the aperiodic component. We found enhanced lower-level (word-level) tracking, reduced higher-level (phrasal- and sentential-level) tracking, and reduced aperiodic offset in older compared with younger adults. Furthermore, we observed the attentional modulation on the sentential-level tracking being larger for younger than for older ones. Notably, the neuro-behavior analyses showed that subjects' behavioral accuracy was positively correlated with the higher-level linguistic tracking, reversely correlated with the lower-level linguistic tracking. Overall, these results suggest that the enhanced lower-level linguistic tracking, reduced higher-level linguistic tracking and less flexibility of attentional modulation may underpin aging-related decline in speech comprehension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Xu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Qin
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Ziqi Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Wei Shan
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Jiechuan Ren
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Chunqing Yang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Lingxi Lu
- Center for the Cognitive Science of Language, Beijing Language and Culture University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing 100070, China
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
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31
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Salvatore SV, Lambert PM, Benz A, Rensing NR, Wong M, Zorumski CF, Mennerick S. Periodic and aperiodic changes to cortical EEG in response to pharmacological manipulation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.21.558828. [PMID: 37790570 PMCID: PMC10542500 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.21.558828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Cortical electroencephalograms (EEG) may help understanding of neuropsychiatric illness and new treatment mechanisms. The aperiodic component (1/ f ) of EEG power spectra is often treated as noise, but recent studies suggest that changes to the aperiodic exponent of power spectra may reflect changes in excitation/inhibition (E/I) balance, a concept linked to antidepressant effects, epilepsy, autism, and other clinical conditions. One confound of previous studies is behavioral state, because factors associated with behavioral state other than E/I ratio may alter EEG parameters. Thus, to test the robustness of the aperiodic exponent as a predictor of E/I ratio, we analyzed active exploration in mice using video EEG following various pharmacological manipulations with the Fitting Oscillations & One Over F (FOOOF) algorithm. We found that GABA A receptor (GABA A R) positive allosteric modulators increased the aperiodic exponent, consistent with the hypothesis that an increased exponent signals enhanced cortical inhibition, but other drugs (ketamine and GABA A R antagonists at sub-convulsive doses) did not follow the prediction. To tilt E/I ratio more selectively toward excitation, we suppressed the activity of parvalbumin (PV) interneurons with Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs (DREADDs). Contrary to our expectations and studies demonstrating increased cortical activity following PV suppression, circuit disinhibition with the DREADD increased the aperiodic exponent. We conclude that the aperiodic exponent of EEG power spectra does not yield a universally reliable marker of E/I ratio. Alternatively, the concept of E/I state may be sufficiently oversimplified that it cannot be mapped readily onto an EEG parameter. Significance StateBment Neuropsychiatric illness is widely prevalent and debilitating. Causes are not well understood, but some hypotheses point toward altered excitation/inhibition (E/I) balance. Here, we use cortical electroencephalograms (EEG) in mice, given applicability of cortical EEG across species, and evaluate the impact of validated drugs, including anxiolytics (pentobarbital and diazepam), along with novel rapid-acting antidepressants (ketamine and allopregnanolone). We focus on analyzing the aperiodic component of EEG power spectra, which may be associated with changes in E/I ratio. We show that aperiodic exponent of EEG power spectra is not a reliable marker of E/I ratio. Moreover, the concept of E/I ratio may be too broad and complex to be defined by an EEG parameter.
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32
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Cunningham E, Zimnicki C, Beck DM. The Influence of Prestimulus 1/f-Like versus Alpha-Band Activity on Subjective Awareness of Auditory and Visual Stimuli. J Neurosci 2023; 43:6447-6459. [PMID: 37591739 PMCID: PMC10500988 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0238-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpha rhythmic activity is often suggested to exert an inhibitory influence on information processing. However, relatively little is known about how reported alpha-related effects are influenced by a potential confounding element of the neural signal, power-law scaling. In the current study, we systematically examine the effect of accounting for 1/f activity on the relation between prestimulus alpha power and human behavior during both auditory and visual detection (N = 27; 19 female, 6 male, 2 nonbinary). The results suggest that, at least in the scalp-recorded EEG signal, the difference in alpha power often reported before visual hits versus misses is probably best thought of as a combination of narrowband alpha and broadband shifts. That is, changes in broadband parameters (exponent and offset of 1/f-like activity) also appear to be strong predictors of the subsequent awareness of visual stimuli. Neither changes in posterior alpha power nor changes in 1/f-like activity reliably predicted detection of auditory stimuli. These results appear consistent with suggestions that broadband changes in the scalp-recorded EEG signal may account for a portion of prior results linking alpha band dynamics to visuospatial attention and behavior, and suggest that systematic re-examination of existing data may be warranted.Significance Statement Fluctuations in alpha band (∼8-12 Hz) activity systematically follow the allocation of attention across space and sensory modality. Increases in alpha amplitude, which often precede failures to report awareness of threshold visual stimuli, are suggested to exert an inhibitory influence on information processing. However, fluctuations in alpha activity are often confounded with changes in the broadband 1/f-like pattern of the neural signal. When both factors are considered, we find that changes in broadband activity are as effective as narrowband alpha activity as predictors of subsequent visual detection. These results are consistent with emerging understanding of the potential functional importance of broadband changes in the neural signal and may have significant consequences for our understanding of alpha rhythmic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Cunningham
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois 61820
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Clementine Zimnicki
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois 61820
| | - Diane M Beck
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois 61820
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
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33
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Kluger DS, Forster C, Abbasi O, Chalas N, Villringer A, Gross J. Modulatory dynamics of periodic and aperiodic activity in respiration-brain coupling. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4699. [PMID: 37543697 PMCID: PMC10404236 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40250-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bodily rhythms such as respiration are increasingly acknowledged to modulate neural oscillations underlying human action, perception, and cognition. Conversely, the link between respiration and aperiodic brain activity - a non-oscillatory reflection of excitation-inhibition (E:I) balance - has remained unstudied. Aiming to disentangle potential respiration-related dynamics of periodic and aperiodic activity, we applied recently developed algorithms of time-resolved parameter estimation to resting-state MEG and EEG data from two labs (total N = 78 participants). We provide evidence that fluctuations of aperiodic brain activity (1/f slope) are phase-locked to the respiratory cycle, which suggests that spontaneous state shifts of excitation-inhibition balance are at least partly influenced by peripheral bodily signals. Moreover, differential temporal dynamics in their coupling to non-oscillatory and oscillatory activity raise the possibility of a functional distinction in the way each component is related to respiration. Our findings highlight the role of respiration as a physiological influence on brain signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Kluger
- Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignal Analysis, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
- Otto Creutzfeldt Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
| | - Carina Forster
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Einstein Center for Neurosciences, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Berlin, Germany
| | - Omid Abbasi
- Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignal Analysis, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Nikos Chalas
- Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignal Analysis, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Otto Creutzfeldt Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Arno Villringer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Einstein Center for Neurosciences, Berlin, Germany
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Faculty of Philosophy, Berlin School of Mind and Brain, MindBrainBody Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Gross
- Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignal Analysis, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Otto Creutzfeldt Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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34
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Helson P, Lundqvist D, Svenningsson P, Vinding MC, Kumar A. Cortex-wide topography of 1/f-exponent in Parkinson's disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2023; 9:109. [PMID: 37438362 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-023-00553-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive and debilitating brain disorder. Besides the characteristic movement-related symptoms, the disease also causes decline in sensory and cognitive processing. The extent of symptoms and brain-wide projections of neuromodulators such as dopamine suggest that many brain regions are simultaneously affected in PD. To characterise brain-wide disease-related changes in neuronal function, we analysed resting state magnetoencephalogram (MEG) from two groups: PD patients and healthy controls. Besides standard spectral analysis, we quantified the aperiodic components (κ, λ) of the neural activity by fitting a power law κ/fλ - f is the frequency, κ and λ are the fitting parameters-to the MEG power spectrum and studied its relationship with age and Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS). Consistent with previous results, the most significant spectral changes were observed in the high theta/low-alpha band (7-10 Hz) in all brain regions. Furthermore, analysis of the aperiodic part of the spectrum showed that in all but frontal regions λ was significantly larger in PD patients than in control subjects. Our results indicate that PD is associated with significant changes in aperiodic activity across the whole neocortex. Surprisingly, even early sensory areas showed a significantly larger λ in patients than in healthy controls. Moreover, λ was not affected by the Levodopa medication. Finally, λ was positively correlated with patient age but not with UPDRS-III. Because λ is closely associated with excitation-inhibition balance, our results propose new hypotheses about neural correlates of PD in cortical networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Helson
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Daniel Lundqvist
- NatMEG, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Svenningsson
- Section of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikkel C Vinding
- NatMEG, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Amager and Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Arvind Kumar
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
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35
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Shine JM, Lewis LD, Garrett DD, Hwang K. The impact of the human thalamus on brain-wide information processing. Nat Rev Neurosci 2023; 24:416-430. [PMID: 37237103 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-023-00701-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The thalamus is a small, bilateral structure in the diencephalon that integrates signals from many areas of the CNS. This critical anatomical position allows the thalamus to influence whole-brain activity and adaptive behaviour. However, traditional research paradigms have struggled to attribute specific functions to the thalamus, and it has remained understudied in the human neuroimaging literature. Recent advances in analytical techniques and increased accessibility to large, high-quality data sets have brought forth a series of studies and findings that (re-)establish the thalamus as a core region of interest in human cognitive neuroscience, a field that otherwise remains cortico-centric. In this Perspective, we argue that using whole-brain neuroimaging approaches to investigate the thalamus and its interaction with the rest of the brain is key for understanding systems-level control of information processing. To this end, we highlight the role of the thalamus in shaping a range of functional signatures, including evoked activity, interregional connectivity, network topology and neuronal variability, both at rest and during the performance of cognitive tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Shine
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Laura D Lewis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Douglas D Garrett
- Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kai Hwang
- Cognitive Control Collaborative, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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36
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Aggarwal S, Ray S. Slope of the power spectral density flattens at low frequencies (<150 Hz) with healthy aging but also steepens at higher frequency (>200 Hz) in human electroencephalogram. Cereb Cortex Commun 2023; 4:tgad011. [PMID: 37334259 PMCID: PMC10276190 DOI: 10.1093/texcom/tgad011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The power spectral density (PSD) of the brain signals is characterized by two distinct features: oscillations, which are represented as distinct "bumps," and broadband aperiodic activity, that reduces in power with increasing frequency and is characterized by the slope of the power falloff. Recent studies have shown a change in the slope of the aperiodic activity with healthy aging and mental disorders. However, these studies analyzed slopes over a limited frequency range (<100 Hz). To test whether the PSD slope is affected over a wider frequency range with aging and mental disorder, we analyzed the slope till 800 Hz in electroencephalogram data recorded from elderly subjects (>49 years) who were healthy (n = 217) or had mild cognitive impairment (MCI; n = 11) or Alzheimer's Disease (AD; n = 5). Although the slope reduced up to ~ 150 Hz with healthy aging (as shown previously), surprisingly, at higher frequencies (>200 Hz), it increased with age. These results were observed in all electrodes, for both eyes open and eyes closed conditions, and for different reference schemes. However, slopes were not significantly different in MCI/AD subjects compared with healthy controls. Overall, our results constrain the biophysical mechanisms that are reflected in the PSD slopes in healthy and pathological aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srishty Aggarwal
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India
| | - Supratim Ray
- Centre for Neuroscience, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India
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37
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Turri C, Di Dona G, Santoni A, Zamfira DA, Franchin L, Melcher D, Ronconi L. Periodic and Aperiodic EEG Features as Potential Markers of Developmental Dyslexia. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1607. [PMID: 37371702 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Developmental Dyslexia (DD) is a neurobiological condition affecting the ability to read fluently and/or accurately. Analyzing resting-state electroencephalographic (EEG) activity in DD may provide a deeper characterization of the underlying pathophysiology and possible biomarkers. So far, studies investigating resting-state activity in DD provided limited evidence and did not consider the aperiodic component of the power spectrum. In the present study, adults with (n = 26) and without DD (n = 31) underwent a reading skills assessment and resting-state EEG to investigate potential alterations in aperiodic activity, their impact on the periodic counterpart and reading performance. In parieto-occipital channels, DD participants showed a significantly different aperiodic activity as indexed by a flatter and lower power spectrum. These aperiodic measures were significantly related to text reading time, suggesting a link with individual differences in reading difficulties. In the beta band, the DD group showed significantly decreased aperiodic-adjusted power compared to typical readers, which was significantly correlated to word reading accuracy. Overall, here we provide evidence showing alterations of the endogenous aperiodic activity in DD participants consistently with the increased neural noise hypothesis. In addition, we confirm alterations of endogenous beta rhythms, which are discussed in terms of their potential link with magnocellular-dorsal stream deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Turri
- School of Psychology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Dona
- School of Psychology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Santoni
- School of Psychology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, 38068 Rovereto, Italy
| | - Denisa Adina Zamfira
- School of Psychology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Franchin
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, 38068 Rovereto, Italy
| | - David Melcher
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, 38068 Rovereto, Italy
- Psychology Program, Division of Science, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi 129188, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Brain and Health, NYUAD Research Institute, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi 129188, United Arab Emirates
| | - Luca Ronconi
- School of Psychology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
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38
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Cusinato R, Alnes SL, van Maren E, Boccalaro I, Ledergerber D, Adamantidis A, Imbach LL, Schindler K, Baud MO, Tzovara A. Intrinsic Neural Timescales in the Temporal Lobe Support an Auditory Processing Hierarchy. J Neurosci 2023; 43:3696-3707. [PMID: 37045604 PMCID: PMC10198454 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1941-22.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
During rest, intrinsic neural dynamics manifest at multiple timescales, which progressively increase along visual and somatosensory hierarchies. Theoretically, intrinsic timescales are thought to facilitate processing of external stimuli at multiple stages. However, direct links between timescales at rest and sensory processing, as well as translation to the auditory system are lacking. Here, we measured intracranial EEG in 11 human patients with epilepsy (4 women), while listening to pure tones. We show that, in the auditory network, intrinsic neural timescales progressively increase, while the spectral exponent flattens, from temporal to entorhinal cortex, hippocampus, and amygdala. Within the neocortex, intrinsic timescales exhibit spatial gradients that follow the temporal lobe anatomy. Crucially, intrinsic timescales at baseline can explain the latency of auditory responses: as intrinsic timescales increase, so do the single-electrode response onset and peak latencies. Our results suggest that the human auditory network exhibits a repertoire of intrinsic neural dynamics, which manifest in cortical gradients with millimeter resolution and may provide a variety of temporal windows to support auditory processing.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Endogenous neural dynamics are often characterized by their intrinsic timescales. These are thought to facilitate processing of external stimuli. However, a direct link between intrinsic timing at rest and sensory processing is missing. Here, with intracranial EEG, we show that intrinsic timescales progressively increase from temporal to entorhinal cortex, hippocampus, and amygdala. Intrinsic timescales at baseline can explain the variability in the timing of intracranial EEG responses to sounds: cortical electrodes with fast timescales also show fast- and short-lasting responses to auditory stimuli, which progressively increase in the hippocampus and amygdala. Our results suggest that a hierarchy of neural dynamics in the temporal lobe manifests across cortical and limbic structures and can explain the temporal richness of auditory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Cusinato
- Institute of Computer Science, University of Bern, Bern 3012, Switzerland
- Center for Experimental Neurology, Sleep Wake Epilepsy Center, NeuroTec, Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern 3010, Switzerland
| | - Sigurd L Alnes
- Institute of Computer Science, University of Bern, Bern 3012, Switzerland
- Center for Experimental Neurology, Sleep Wake Epilepsy Center, NeuroTec, Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern 3010, Switzerland
| | - Ellen van Maren
- Center for Experimental Neurology, Sleep Wake Epilepsy Center, NeuroTec, Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern 3010, Switzerland
| | - Ida Boccalaro
- Center for Experimental Neurology, Sleep Wake Epilepsy Center, NeuroTec, Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern 3010, Switzerland
| | | | - Antoine Adamantidis
- Center for Experimental Neurology, Sleep Wake Epilepsy Center, NeuroTec, Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern 3010, Switzerland
| | - Lukas L Imbach
- Swiss Epilepsy Center, Klinik Lengg, Zurich 8008, Switzerland
| | - Kaspar Schindler
- Center for Experimental Neurology, Sleep Wake Epilepsy Center, NeuroTec, Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern 3010, Switzerland
| | - Maxime O Baud
- Center for Experimental Neurology, Sleep Wake Epilepsy Center, NeuroTec, Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern 3010, Switzerland
| | - Athina Tzovara
- Institute of Computer Science, University of Bern, Bern 3012, Switzerland
- Center for Experimental Neurology, Sleep Wake Epilepsy Center, NeuroTec, Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern 3010, Switzerland
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley 94720, California
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39
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van Nifterick AM, Mulder D, Duineveld DJ, Diachenko M, Scheltens P, Stam CJ, van Kesteren RE, Linkenkaer-Hansen K, Hillebrand A, Gouw AA. Resting-state oscillations reveal disturbed excitation-inhibition ratio in Alzheimer's disease patients. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7419. [PMID: 37150756 PMCID: PMC10164744 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33973-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
An early disruption of neuronal excitation-inhibition (E-I) balance in preclinical animal models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been frequently reported, but is difficult to measure directly and non-invasively in humans. Here, we examined known and novel neurophysiological measures sensitive to E-I in patients across the AD continuum. Resting-state magnetoencephalography (MEG) data of 86 amyloid-biomarker-confirmed subjects across the AD continuum (17 patients diagnosed with subjective cognitive decline, 18 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 51 with dementia due to probable AD (AD dementia)), 46 healthy elderly and 20 young control subjects were reconstructed to source-space. E-I balance was investigated by detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA), a functional E/I (fE/I) algorithm, and the aperiodic exponent of the power spectrum. We found a disrupted E-I ratio in AD dementia patients specifically, by a lower DFA, and a shift towards higher excitation, by a higher fE/I and a lower aperiodic exponent. Healthy subjects showed lower fE/I ratios (< 1.0) than reported in previous literature, not explained by age or choice of an arbitrary threshold parameter, which warrants caution in interpretation of fE/I results. Correlation analyses showed that a lower DFA (E-I imbalance) and a lower aperiodic exponent (more excitation) was associated with a worse cognitive score in AD dementia patients. In contrast, a higher DFA in the hippocampi of MCI patients was associated with a worse cognitive score. This MEG-study showed E-I imbalance, likely due to increased excitation, in AD dementia, but not in early stage AD patients. To accurately determine the direction of shift in E-I balance, validations of the currently used markers and additional in vivo markers of E-I are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M van Nifterick
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Clinical Neurophysiology and MEG Center, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Systems and Network Neurosciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Danique Mulder
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Clinical Neurophysiology and MEG Center, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Denise J Duineveld
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Clinical Neurophysiology and MEG Center, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marina Diachenko
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Systems and Network Neurosciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Philip Scheltens
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis J Stam
- Clinical Neurophysiology and MEG Center, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Systems and Network Neurosciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald E van Kesteren
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Klaus Linkenkaer-Hansen
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Systems and Network Neurosciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan Hillebrand
- Clinical Neurophysiology and MEG Center, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Systems and Network Neurosciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alida A Gouw
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Clinical Neurophysiology and MEG Center, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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40
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Nanda A, Johnson GW, Mu Y, Ahrens MB, Chang C, Englot DJ, Breakspear M, Rubinov M. Time-resolved correlation of distributed brain activity tracks E-I balance and accounts for diverse scale-free phenomena. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112254. [PMID: 36966391 PMCID: PMC10518034 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Much of systems neuroscience posits the functional importance of brain activity patterns that lack natural scales of sizes, durations, or frequencies. The field has developed prominent, and sometimes competing, explanations for the nature of this scale-free activity. Here, we reconcile these explanations across species and modalities. First, we link estimates of excitation-inhibition (E-I) balance with time-resolved correlation of distributed brain activity. Second, we develop an unbiased method for sampling time series constrained by this time-resolved correlation. Third, we use this method to show that estimates of E-I balance account for diverse scale-free phenomena without need to attribute additional function or importance to these phenomena. Collectively, our results simplify existing explanations of scale-free brain activity and provide stringent tests on future theories that seek to transcend these explanations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Nanda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.
| | - Graham W Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Yu Mu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Misha B Ahrens
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | - Catie Chang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Department of Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Dario J Englot
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Michael Breakspear
- School of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Mikail Rubinov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA; Department of Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.
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Ngo HVV, Oster H, Andreou C, Obleser J. Circadian rhythms in auditory hallucinations and psychosis. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2023; 237:e13944. [PMID: 36744985 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are imprinted in all organisms and influence virtually all aspects of physiology and behavior in adaptation to the 24-h day-night cycle. This recognition of a circadian timekeeping system permeating essentially all healthy functioning of body and mind quickly leads to the realization that, in turn, human ailments should be probed for the degree to which they are rooted in or marked by disruptions and dysregulations of circadian clock functions in the human body. In this review, we will focus on psychosis as a key mental illness and foremost one of its cardinal symptoms: auditory hallucinations. We will discuss recent empirical evidence and conceptual advances probing the potential role of circadian disruption in auditory hallucinations. Moreover, a dysbalance in excitation and inhibition within cortical networks, which in turn drive a disinhibition of dopaminergic signaling, will be highlighted as central physiological mechanism. Finally, we will propose two avenues for experimentally intervening on the circadian influences to potentially alleviate hallucinations in psychotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Viet V Ngo
- Department of Psychology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Henrik Oster
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute of Neurobiology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christina Andreou
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jonas Obleser
- Department of Psychology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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42
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Lendner JD, Harler U, Daume J, Engel AK, Zöllner C, Schneider TR, Fischer M. Oscillatory and aperiodic neuronal activity in working memory following anesthesia. Clin Neurophysiol 2023; 150:79-88. [PMID: 37028144 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2023.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Anesthesia and surgery are associated with cognitive impairment, particularly memory deficits. So far, electroencephalography markers of perioperative memory function remain scarce. METHODS We included male patients >60 years scheduled for prostatectomy under general anesthesia. We obtained neuropsychological assessments and a visual match-to-sample working memory task with simultaneous 62-channel scalp electroencephalography 1 day before and 2 to 3 days after surgery. RESULTS Twenty-six patients completed both pre- and postoperative sessions. Compared with preoperative performance, verbal learning deteriorated after anesthesia (California Verbal Learning Test total recall; t25 = -3.25, p = 0.015, d = -0.902), while visual working memory performance showed a dissociation between match and mismatch accuracy (match*session F1,25 = 3.866, p = 0.060). Better verbal learning was associated with an increase of aperiodic brain activity (total recall r = 0.66, p = 0.029, learning slope r = 0.66, p = 0.015), whereas visual working memory accuracy was tracked by oscillatory theta/alpha (7 - 9 Hz), low beta (14 - 18 Hz) and high beta/gamma (34 - 38 Hz) activity (matches: p < 0.001, mismatches: p = 0.022). CONCLUSIONS Oscillatory and aperiodic brain activity in scalp electroencephalography track distinct features of perioperative memory function. SIGNIFICANCE Aperiodic activity provides a potential electroencephalographic biomarker to identify patients at risk for postoperative cognitive impairments.
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Wiest C, Morgante F, Torrecillos F, Pogosyan A, He S, Baig F, Bertaina I, Hart MG, Edwards MJ, Pereira EA, Tan H. Subthalamic Nucleus Stimulation-Induced Local Field Potential Changes in Dystonia. Mov Disord 2023; 38:423-434. [PMID: 36562479 PMCID: PMC7614354 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subthalamic nucleus (STN) stimulation is an effective treatment for Parkinson's disease and induced local field potential (LFP) changes that have been linked with clinical improvement. STN stimulation has also been used in dystonia although the internal globus pallidus is the standard target where theta power has been suggested as a physiomarker for adaptive stimulation. OBJECTIVE We aimed to explore if enhanced theta power was also present in STN and if stimulation-induced spectral changes that were previously reported for Parkinson's disease would occur in dystonia. METHODS We recorded LFPs from 7 patients (12 hemispheres) with isolated craniocervical dystonia whose electrodes were placed such that inferior, middle, and superior contacts covered STN, zona incerta, and thalamus. RESULTS We did not observe prominent theta power in STN at rest. STN stimulation induced similar spectral changes in dystonia as in Parkinson's disease, such as broadband power suppression, evoked resonant neural activity (ERNA), finely-tuned gamma oscillations, and an increase in aperiodic exponents in STN-LFPs. Both power suppression and ERNA localize to STN. Based on this, single-pulse STN stimulation elicits evoked neural activities with largest amplitudes in STN, which are relayed to the zona incerta and thalamus with changing characteristics as the distance from STN increases. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that STN stimulation-induced spectral changes are a nondisease-specific response to high-frequency stimulation, which can serve as placement markers for STN. This broadens the scope of STN stimulation and makes it an option for other disorders with excessive oscillatory peaks in STN. © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Wiest
- Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical NeurosciencesJohn Radcliffe Hospital, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Francesca Morgante
- Neurosciences Research CentreMolecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St. George's, University of LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Flavie Torrecillos
- Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical NeurosciencesJohn Radcliffe Hospital, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Alek Pogosyan
- Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical NeurosciencesJohn Radcliffe Hospital, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Shenghong He
- Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical NeurosciencesJohn Radcliffe Hospital, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Fahd Baig
- Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical NeurosciencesJohn Radcliffe Hospital, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
- Neurosciences Research CentreMolecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St. George's, University of LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Ilaria Bertaina
- Neurosciences Research CentreMolecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St. George's, University of LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Michael G. Hart
- Neurosciences Research CentreMolecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St. George's, University of LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Mark J. Edwards
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeurosciencesKing's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Erlick A. Pereira
- Neurosciences Research CentreMolecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St. George's, University of LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Huiling Tan
- Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical NeurosciencesJohn Radcliffe Hospital, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
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Wiest C, Torrecillos F, Pogosyan A, Bange M, Muthuraman M, Groppa S, Hulse N, Hasegawa H, Ashkan K, Baig F, Morgante F, Pereira EA, Mallet N, Magill PJ, Brown P, Sharott A, Tan H. The aperiodic exponent of subthalamic field potentials reflects excitation/inhibition balance in Parkinsonism. eLife 2023; 12:e82467. [PMID: 36810199 PMCID: PMC10005762 DOI: 10.7554/elife.82467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodic features of neural time-series data, such as local field potentials (LFPs), are often quantified using power spectra. While the aperiodic exponent of spectra is typically disregarded, it is nevertheless modulated in a physiologically relevant manner and was recently hypothesised to reflect excitation/inhibition (E/I) balance in neuronal populations. Here, we used a cross-species in vivo electrophysiological approach to test the E/I hypothesis in the context of experimental and idiopathic Parkinsonism. We demonstrate in dopamine-depleted rats that aperiodic exponents and power at 30-100 Hz in subthalamic nucleus (STN) LFPs reflect defined changes in basal ganglia network activity; higher aperiodic exponents tally with lower levels of STN neuron firing and a balance tipped towards inhibition. Using STN-LFPs recorded from awake Parkinson's patients, we show that higher exponents accompany dopaminergic medication and deep brain stimulation (DBS) of STN, consistent with untreated Parkinson's manifesting as reduced inhibition and hyperactivity of STN. These results suggest that the aperiodic exponent of STN-LFPs in Parkinsonism reflects E/I balance and might be a candidate biomarker for adaptive DBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Wiest
- Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Flavie Torrecillos
- Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Alek Pogosyan
- Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Manuel Bange
- Movement Disorders and Neurostimulation, Biomedical Statistics and Multimodal Signal Processing Unit, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University MainzMainzGermany
| | - Muthuraman Muthuraman
- Movement Disorders and Neurostimulation, Biomedical Statistics and Multimodal Signal Processing Unit, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University MainzMainzGermany
| | - Sergiu Groppa
- Movement Disorders and Neurostimulation, Biomedical Statistics and Multimodal Signal Processing Unit, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University MainzMainzGermany
| | - Natasha Hulse
- Department of Neurosurgery, King's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Harutomo Hasegawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, King's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Keyoumars Ashkan
- Department of Neurosurgery, King's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Fahd Baig
- Neurosciences Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St. George' s, University of LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Francesca Morgante
- Neurosciences Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St. George' s, University of LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Erlick A Pereira
- Neurosciences Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St. George' s, University of LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Nicolas Mallet
- Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, CNRS UMR5293, Université de BordeauxBordeauxFrance
| | - Peter J Magill
- Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Peter Brown
- Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Andrew Sharott
- Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Huiling Tan
- Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
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Darmani G, Drummond NM, Ramezanpour H, Saha U, Hoque T, Udupa K, Sarica C, Zeng K, Cortez Grippe T, Nankoo JF, Bergmann TO, Hodaie M, Kalia SK, Lozano AM, Hutchison WD, Fasano A, Chen R. Long-Term Recording of Subthalamic Aperiodic Activities and Beta Bursts in Parkinson's Disease. Mov Disord 2023; 38:232-243. [PMID: 36424835 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Local field potentials (LFPs) represent the summation of periodic (oscillations) and aperiodic (fractal) signals. Although previous studies showed changes in beta band oscillations and burst characteristics of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in Parkinson's disease (PD), how aperiodic activity in the STN is related to PD pathophysiology is unknown. OBJECTIVES The study aimed to characterize the long-term effects of STN-deep brain stimulation (DBS) and dopaminergic medications on aperiodic activities and beta bursts. METHODS A total of 10 patients with PD participated in this longitudinal study. Simultaneous bilateral STN-LFP recordings were conducted in six separate visits during a period of 18 months using the Activa PC + S device in the off and on dopaminergic medication states. We used irregular-resampling auto-spectral analysis to separate oscillations and aperiodic components (exponent and offset) in the power spectrum of STN-LFP signals in beta band. RESULTS Our results revealed a systematic increase in both the exponent and the offset of the aperiodic spectrum over 18 months following the DBS implantation, independent of the dopaminergic medication state of patients with PD. In contrast, beta burst durations and amplitudes were stable over time and were suppressed by dopaminergic medications. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that oscillations and aperiodic activities reflect at least partially distinct yet complementary neural mechanisms, which should be considered in the design of robust biomarkers to optimize adaptive DBS. Given the link between increased gamma-aminobutyric acidergic (GABAergic) transmission and higher aperiodic activity, our findings suggest that long-term STN-DBS may relate to increased inhibition in the basal ganglia. © 2022 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazaleh Darmani
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Neil M Drummond
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Utpal Saha
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tasnuva Hoque
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Kaviraja Udupa
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Can Sarica
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ke Zeng
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | | | | | - Til Ole Bergmann
- Neuroimaging Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mojgan Hodaie
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Suneil K Kalia
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Andres M Lozano
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - William D Hutchison
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Alfonso Fasano
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Robert Chen
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
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46
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Pei L, Zhou X, Leung FKS, Ouyang G. Differential associations between scale-free neural dynamics and different levels of cognitive ability. Psychophysiology 2023; 60:e14259. [PMID: 36700291 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
As indicators of cognitive function, scale-free neural dynamics are gaining increasing attention in cognitive neuroscience. Although the functional relevance of scale-free dynamics has been extensively reported, one fundamental question about its association with cognitive ability remains unanswered: is the association universal across a wide spectrum of cognitive abilities or confined to specific domains? Based on dual-process theory, we designed two categories of tasks to analyze two types of cognitive processes-automatic and controlled-and examined their associations with scale-free neural dynamics characterized from resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) recordings obtained from a large sample of human adults (N = 102). Our results showed that resting-state scale-free neural dynamics did not predict individuals' behavioral performance in tasks that primarily engaged the automatic process but did so in tasks that primarily engaged the controlled process. In addition, by fitting the scale-free parameters separately in different frequency bands, we found that the cognitive association of scale-free dynamics was more strongly manifested in higher-band EEG spectrum. Our findings indicate that resting-state scale-free dynamics are not universal neural indicators for all cognitive abilities but are mainly associated with high-level cognition that entails controlled processes. This finding is compatible with the widely claimed role of scale-free dynamics in reflecting properties of complex dynamic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leisi Pei
- Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xinlin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Guang Ouyang
- Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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47
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Johnston PR, McIntosh AR, Meltzer JA. Spectral slowing in chronic stroke reflects abnormalities in both periodic and aperiodic neural dynamics. Neuroimage Clin 2023; 37:103277. [PMID: 36495856 PMCID: PMC9758570 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Decades of electrophysiological work have demonstrated the presence of "spectral slowing" in stroke patients - a prominent shift in the power spectrum towards lower frequencies, most evident in the vicinity of the lesion itself. Despite the reliability of this slowing as a marker of dysfunctional tissue across patient groups as well as animal models, it has yet to be explained in terms of the pathophysiological processes of stroke. To do so requires clear understanding of the neural dynamics that these differences represent, acknowledging the often overlooked fact that spectral power reflects more than just the amplitude of neural oscillations. To accomplish this, we used a combination of frequency domain and time domain measures to disambiguate and quantify periodic (oscillatory) and aperiodic (non-oscillatory) neural dynamics in resting state magnetoencephalography (MEG) recordings from chronic stroke patients. We found that abnormally elevated low frequency power in these patients was best explained by a steepening of the aperiodic component of the power spectrum, rather than an enhancement of low frequency oscillations, as is often assumed. However, genuine oscillatory activity at higher frequencies was also found to be abnormal, with patients showing alpha slowing and diminished oscillatory activity in the beta band. These aperiodic and periodic abnormalities were found to covary, and could be detected even in the un-lesioned hemisphere, however they were most prominent in perilesional tissue, where their magnitude was predictive of cognitive impairment. This work redefines spectral slowing as a pattern of changes involving both aperiodic and periodic neural dynamics and narrows the gap in understanding between non-invasive markers of dysfunctional tissue and disease processes responsible for altered neural dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip R Johnston
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, 100 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3G3, Canada; Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, 3560 Bathurst Street, Toronto, ON M6A 2E1, Canada.
| | - Anthony R McIntosh
- Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive E K9625, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada; Institute for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive E K9625, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Jed A Meltzer
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, 100 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3G3, Canada; Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, 3560 Bathurst Street, Toronto, ON M6A 2E1, Canada; Department of Speech-Language Pathology, University of Toronto, 500 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada
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48
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Arnett AB, Peisch V, Levin AR. The role of aperiodic spectral slope in event-related potentials and cognition among children with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Neurophysiol 2022; 128:1546-1554. [PMID: 36382902 PMCID: PMC9902214 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00295.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aperiodic spectral slope is a measure of spontaneous neural oscillatory activity that is believed to support regulation of brain responses to environmental stimuli. Compared to typically developing (TD) control participants, children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have been shown to have flatter aperiodic spectral slope at rest as well as attenuated event-related potential (ERP) amplitudes in response to environmental stimuli. A small body of research suggests that aperiodic slope may also explain differences in behavioral responses. In this study, we examine associations between prestimulus aperiodic slope, stimulus characteristics, environmental demands, and neural as well as behavioral responses to these stimuli. Furthermore, we evaluate whether ADHD diagnostic status moderates these associations. Seventy-nine children with ADHD and 27 TD school-age children completed two visual ERP experiments with predictable alternating presentations of task-relevant and task-irrelevant stimuli. Aperiodic slope was extracted from prestimulus time windows. Prestimulus aperiodic slope was steeper for the TD relative to ADHD group, driven by task-relevant rather than task-irrelevant stimuli. For both groups, the aperiodic slope was steeper during a task with lower cognitive demand and before trials in which they responded correctly. Aperiodic slope did not mediate the association between ADHD diagnosis and attenuated P300 amplitude. The aperiodic spectral slope is dynamic and changes in anticipation of varying stimulus categories to support performance. The aperiodic slope and P300 amplitude reflect distinct cognitive processes. Background neural oscillations, captured via aperiodic slope, support cognitive behavioral control and should be included in etiological models of ADHD.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study constitutes the first investigation of associations between aperiodic spectral slope and three aspects of neurocognition: event-related potential (ERP) amplitudes, cognitive load, and task performance. We find that background oscillatory activity is dynamic, shifting in anticipation of varying levels of task relevance and in response to increasing cognitive load. Moreover, we report that aperiodic activity and ERPs constitute distinct neurophysiological processes. Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) show reduced aperiodic dynamics in addition to attenuated ERP amplitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne B Arnett
- Division of Developmental Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Virginia Peisch
- Division of Developmental Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - April R Levin
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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49
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Finley AJ, Angus DJ, van Reekum CM, Davidson RJ, Schaefer SM. Periodic and aperiodic contributions to theta-beta ratios across adulthood. Psychophysiology 2022; 59:e14113. [PMID: 35751645 PMCID: PMC9532351 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The ratio of fronto-central theta (4-7 Hz) to beta oscillations (13-30 Hz), known as the theta-beta ratio, is negatively correlated with attentional control, reinforcement learning, executive function, and age. Although theta-beta ratios have been found to decrease with age in adolescents and young adults, theta has been found to increase with age in older adults. Moreover, age-related decrease in individual alpha peak frequency and flattening of the 1/f aperiodic component may artifactually inflate the association between theta-beta ratio and age. These factors lead to an incomplete understanding of how theta-beta ratio varies across the lifespan and the extent to which variation is due to a conflation of aperiodic and periodic activity. We conducted a partially preregistered analysis examining the cross-sectional associations between age and resting canonical fronto-central theta-beta ratio, individual alpha peak frequency, and aperiodic component (n = 268; age 36-84, M = 55.8, SD = 11.0). Age was negatively associated with theta-beta ratios, individual peak alpha frequencies, and the aperiodic exponent. The correlation between theta-beta ratios and age remained after controlling for individual peak alpha frequencies, but was nonsignificant when controlling for the aperiodic exponent. Aperiodic exponent fully mediated the relationship between theta-beta ratio and age, although beta remained significantly associated with age after controlling for theta, individual peak alpha, and aperiodic exponent. Results replicate previous observations and show age-related decreases in theta-beta ratios are not due to age-related decrease in individual peak alpha frequencies but primarily explained by flattening of the aperiodic component with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna J. Finley
- Center for Healthy MindsUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Douglas J. Angus
- School of PsychologyBond UniversityGold CoastQueenslandAustralia
| | - Carien M. van Reekum
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language SciencesUniversity of ReadingReadingUK
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50
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Gyurkovics M, Clements GM, Low KA, Fabiani M, Gratton G. Stimulus-Induced Changes in 1/ f-like Background Activity in EEG. J Neurosci 2022; 42:7144-7151. [PMID: 35970561 PMCID: PMC9480870 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0414-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Research into the nature of 1/f-like, nonoscillatory electrophysiological activity has grown exponentially in recent years in cognitive neuroscience. The shape of this activity has been linked to the balance between excitatory and inhibitory neural circuits, which is thought to be important for information processing. However, to date, it is not known whether the presentation of a stimulus induces changes in the parameters of 1/f activity in scalp recordings, separable from event-related potentials (ERPs). Here, we analyzed event-related broadband changes in human EEG both before and after removing ERPs to demonstrate their confounding effect, and to establish whether there are genuine stimulus-induced changes in 1/f Using data from a passive and an active auditory task (n = 23, 61% female), we found that the shape of the post-event spectra between 2 and 25 Hz differed significantly from the pre-event spectra even after removing the frequency-content of ERPs. Further, a significant portion of this difference could be accounted for by a rotational shift in 1/f activity, manifesting as an increase in low and a decrease in high frequencies. Importantly, the magnitude of this rotational shift was related to the attentional demands of the task. This change in 1/f is consistent with increased inhibition following stimulus onset, and likely reflects a disruption of ongoing excitatory activity proportional to processing demands. Finally, these findings contradict the central assumption of baseline normalization strategies in time-frequency analyses, namely, that background EEG activity is stationary across time. As such, they have far-reaching consequences relevant for several subfields of neuroscience.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Interest in the functional role of the 1/f-like background brain activity has been growing exponentially in neuroscience. Yet, no study to date has demonstrated a clear relationship between information processing and 1/f activity by investigating event-related effects on its parameters in noninvasive recordings of neural activity. Here, we demonstrate, for the first time, that stimuli induce rotational changes in 1/f activity, detectable at lower frequencies and independent from the occurrence of event-related potentials. These findings suggest the presence of large-scale inhibition following stimulus onset, largest when the stimulus is novel, and indicate that the assumption of stationary background activity in the analysis of neural oscillations is untenable. These results have far-reaching consequences that cut across several subfields of neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Máté Gyurkovics
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 61801
| | - Grace M Clements
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 61801
- Psychology Department, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 61820
| | - Kathy A Low
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 61801
| | - Monica Fabiani
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 61801
- Psychology Department, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 61820
| | - Gabriele Gratton
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 61801
- Psychology Department, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 61820
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