1
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Eder M, Martin OMF, Oswal N, Sedlackova L, Moutinho C, Del Carmen-Fabregat A, Menendez Bravo S, Sebé-Pedrós A, Heyn H, Stroustrup N. Systematic mapping of organism-scale gene-regulatory networks in aging using population asynchrony. Cell 2024:S0092-8674(24)00594-4. [PMID: 38908368 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
In aging, physiologic networks decline in function at rates that differ between individuals, producing a wide distribution of lifespan. Though 70% of human lifespan variance remains unexplained by heritable factors, little is known about the intrinsic sources of physiologic heterogeneity in aging. To understand how complex physiologic networks generate lifespan variation, new methods are needed. Here, we present Asynch-seq, an approach that uses gene-expression heterogeneity within isogenic populations to study the processes generating lifespan variation. By collecting thousands of single-individual transcriptomes, we capture the Caenorhabditis elegans "pan-transcriptome"-a highly resolved atlas of non-genetic variation. We use our atlas to guide a large-scale perturbation screen that identifies the decoupling of total mRNA content between germline and soma as the largest source of physiologic heterogeneity in aging, driven by pleiotropic genes whose knockdown dramatically reduces lifespan variance. Our work demonstrates how systematic mapping of physiologic heterogeneity can be applied to reduce inter-individual disparities in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Eder
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Olivier M F Martin
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natasha Oswal
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucia Sedlackova
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Cátia Moutinho
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Del Carmen-Fabregat
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Simon Menendez Bravo
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Arnau Sebé-Pedrós
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; ICREA, Pg. Lluis Companys 23, Barcelona 08010, Spain
| | - Holger Heyn
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Spain; ICREA, Pg. Lluis Companys 23, Barcelona 08010, Spain
| | - Nicholas Stroustrup
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.
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2
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Molière A, Park JYC, Goyala A, Vayndorf EM, Zhang B, Hsiung KC, Jung Y, Kwon S, Statzer C, Meyer D, Nguyen R, Chadwick J, Thompson MA, Schumacher B, Lee SJV, Essmann CL, MacArthur MR, Kaeberlein M, David D, Gems D, Ewald CY. Improved resilience and proteostasis mediate longevity upon DAF-2 degradation in old age. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01232-x. [PMID: 38900346 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01232-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the possibility of reversing age-related biological changes when they have already occurred. To explore this, we have characterized the effects of reducing insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) during old age. Reduction of IIS throughout life slows age-related decline in diverse species, most strikingly in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Here we show that even at advanced ages, auxin-induced degradation of DAF-2 in single tissues, including neurons and the intestine, is still able to markedly increase C. elegans lifespan. We describe how reversibility varies among senescent changes. While senescent pathologies that develop in mid-life were not reversed, there was a rejuvenation of the proteostasis network, manifesting as a restoration of the capacity to eliminate otherwise intractable protein aggregates that accumulate with age. Moreover, resistance to several stressors was restored. These results support several new conclusions. (1) Loss of resilience is not solely a consequence of pathologies that develop in earlier life. (2) Restoration of proteostasis and resilience by inhibiting IIS is a plausible cause of the increase in lifespan. And (3), most interestingly, some aspects of the age-related transition from resilience to frailty can be reversed to a certain extent. This raises the possibility that the effect of IIS and related pathways on resilience and frailty during aging in higher animals might possess some degree of reversibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Molière
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Regeneration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, CH-8603, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Ji Young Cecilia Park
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Regeneration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, CH-8603, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Anita Goyala
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Regeneration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, CH-8603, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Elena M Vayndorf
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-7470, USA
| | - Bruce Zhang
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, and Research Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
| | - Kuei Ching Hsiung
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, and Research Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
| | - Yoonji Jung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Sujeong Kwon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Cyril Statzer
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Regeneration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, CH-8603, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - David Meyer
- Institute for Genome Stability in Aging and Disease, Medical Faculty, University Hospital and University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Richard Nguyen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-7470, USA
| | | | | | - Björn Schumacher
- Institute for Genome Stability in Aging and Disease, Medical Faculty, University Hospital and University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Seung-Jae V Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Clara L Essmann
- Bioinformatics and Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biology III, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael R MacArthur
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08540, USA
| | - Matt Kaeberlein
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-7470, USA
| | | | - David Gems
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, and Research Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
| | - Collin Y Ewald
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Regeneration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, CH-8603, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland.
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3
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Nguyen TT, Corvera S. Adipose tissue as a linchpin of organismal ageing. Nat Metab 2024; 6:793-807. [PMID: 38783156 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-024-01046-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Ageing is a conserved biological process, modulated by intrinsic and extrinsic factors, that leads to changes in life expectancy. In humans, ageing is characterized by greatly increased prevalence of cardiometabolic disease, type 2 diabetes and disorders associated with impaired immune surveillance. Adipose tissue displays species-conserved, temporal changes with ageing, including redistribution from peripheral to central depots, loss of thermogenic capacity and expansion within the bone marrow. Adipose tissue is localized to discrete depots, and also diffusely distributed within multiple organs and tissues in direct proximity to specialized cells. Thus, through their potent endocrine properties, adipocytes are capable of modulating tissue and organ function throughout the body. In addition to adipocytes, multipotent progenitor/stem cells in adipose tissue play a crucial role in maintenance and repair of tissues throughout the lifetime. Adipose tissue may therefore be a central driver for organismal ageing and age-associated diseases. Here we review the features of adipose tissue during ageing, and discuss potential mechanisms by which these changes affect whole-body metabolism, immunity and longevity. We also explore the potential of adipose tissue-targeted therapies to ameliorate age-associated disease burdens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammy T Nguyen
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, UMass Memorial Medical Center, Worcester, MA, USA
- Diabetes Center of Excellence, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Silvia Corvera
- Diabetes Center of Excellence, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
- Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
- Program in Molecular Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
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4
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Fabrizio P, Alcolei A, Solari F. Considering Caenorhabditis elegans Aging on a Temporal and Tissue Scale: The Case of Insulin/IGF-1 Signaling. Cells 2024; 13:288. [PMID: 38334680 PMCID: PMC10854721 DOI: 10.3390/cells13030288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The aging process is inherently complex, involving multiple mechanisms that interact at different biological scales. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is a simple model organism that has played a pivotal role in aging research following the discovery of mutations extending lifespan. Longevity pathways identified in C. elegans were subsequently found to be conserved and regulate lifespan in multiple species. These pathways intersect with fundamental hallmarks of aging that include nutrient sensing, epigenetic alterations, proteostasis loss, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Here we summarize recent data obtained in C. elegans highlighting the importance of studying aging at both the tissue and temporal scale. We then focus on the neuromuscular system to illustrate the kinetics of changes that take place with age. We describe recently developed tools that enabled the dissection of the contribution of the insulin/IGF-1 receptor ortholog DAF-2 to the regulation of worm mobility in specific tissues and at different ages. We also discuss guidelines and potential pitfalls in the use of these new tools. We further highlight the opportunities that they present, especially when combined with recent transcriptomic data, to address and resolve the inherent complexity of aging. Understanding how different aging processes interact within and between tissues at different life stages could ultimately suggest potential intervention points for age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Fabrizio
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Modélisation de la Cellule, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR5239, INSERM 1210, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69364 Lyon, France;
| | - Allan Alcolei
- INMG, MeLiS, CNRS UMR 5284, INSERM U1314, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France;
| | - Florence Solari
- INMG, MeLiS, CNRS UMR 5284, INSERM U1314, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France;
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5
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Krishnan H, Ahmed S, Hubbard SR, Miller WT. Biochemical characterization of the Drosophila insulin receptor kinase and longevity-associated mutants. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23355. [PMID: 38071609 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301948r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) insulin receptor (D-IR) is highly homologous to the human counterpart. Like the human pathway, D-IR responds to numerous insulin-like peptides to activate cellular signals that regulate growth, development, and lipid metabolism in fruit flies. Allelic mutations in the D-IR kinase domain elevate life expectancy in fruit flies. We developed a robust heterologous expression system to express and purify wild-type and longevity-associated mutant D-IR kinase domains to investigate enzyme kinetics and substrate specificities. D-IR exhibits remarkable similarities to the human insulin receptor kinase domain but diverges in substrate preferences. We show that longevity-associated mutations reduce D-IR catalytic activity. Deletion of the unique kinase insert domain portion or mutations proximal to activating tyrosines do not influence kinase activity, suggesting their potential role in substrate recruitment and downstream signaling. Through biochemical investigations, this study enhances our comprehension of D-IR's role in Drosophila physiology, complementing genetic studies and expanding our knowledge on the catalytic functions of this conserved signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harini Krishnan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Sultan Ahmed
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Stevan R Hubbard
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - W Todd Miller
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Northport, New York, USA
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6
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Stojanovski K, Gheorghe I, Lenart P, Lanjuin A, Mair WB, Towbin BD. Maintenance of appropriate size scaling of the C. elegans pharynx by YAP-1. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7564. [PMID: 37985670 PMCID: PMC10661912 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43230-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Even slight imbalance between the growth rate of different organs can accumulate to a large deviation from their appropriate size during development. Here, we use live imaging of the pharynx of C. elegans to ask if and how organ size scaling nevertheless remains uniform among individuals. Growth trajectories of hundreds of individuals reveal that pharynxes grow by a near constant volume per larval stage that is independent of their initial size, such that undersized pharynxes catch-up in size during development. Tissue-specific depletion of RAGA-1, an activator of mTOR and growth, shows that maintaining correct pharynx-to-body size proportions involves a bi-directional coupling between pharynx size and body growth. In simulations, this coupling cannot be explained by limitation of food uptake alone, and genetic experiments reveal an involvement of the mechanotransducing transcriptional co-regulator yap-1. Our data suggests that mechanotransduction coordinates pharynx growth with other tissues, ensuring body plan uniformity among individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ioana Gheorghe
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Peter Lenart
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anne Lanjuin
- Department Molecular Metabolism, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - William B Mair
- Department Molecular Metabolism, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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7
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Reich H, Savage-Dunn C. Signaling circuits and the apical extracellular matrix in aging: connections identified in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 325:C1201-C1211. [PMID: 37721005 PMCID: PMC10861026 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00195.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Numerous conserved signaling pathways play critical roles in aging, including insulin/IGF-1, TGF-β, and Wnt pathways. Some of these pathways also play prominent roles in the formation and maintenance of the extracellular matrix. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has been an enduringly productive system for the identification of conserved mechanisms of biological aging. Recent studies in C. elegans highlight the regulatory circuits between conserved signaling pathways and the extracellular matrix, revealing a bidirectional relationship between these factors and providing a platform to address how regulation of and by the extracellular matrix can impact lifespan and organismal health during aging. These discoveries provide new opportunities for clinical advances and novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Reich
- Department of Biology, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, New York, United States
| | - Cathy Savage-Dunn
- Department of Biology, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, New York, United States
- PhD Program in Biology, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York, United States
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8
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Cho J, Park Y. Kahweol, a coffee diterpene, increases lifespan via insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 and AMP-activated protein kinase signaling pathways in Caenorhabditiselegans. Curr Res Food Sci 2023; 7:100618. [PMID: 37886681 PMCID: PMC10598723 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages and is known to have many health benefits. Our previous study reported that kahweol, a diterpene found in coffee, reduced fat accumulation by reducing food intake in Caenorhabditis elegans. Based on the widely known observation of caloric restriction and lifespan, we determined if kahweol extends lifespan in C. elegans. Kahweol significantly extended the lifespan of wild-type C. elegans. However, kahweol increased the lifespan of the eat-2 null mutant that has a reduced food intake phenotype, suggesting that kahweol extends lifespan independent of reduced food intake. Therefore, we further determine the target of kahweol on lifespan extension. Kahweol had no effects on the lifespan of both daf-2 (the homolog of insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor) and daf-16 (the homolog of Forkhead box O transcription factor and a major downstream target of daf-2) null mutants, suggesting kahweol extended lifespan via insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 signaling pathway. In addition, kahweol failed to extend lifespan in tub-1 (the homolog of TUB bipartite transcription factor) and aak-2 (the homolog of AMP-activated protein kinase) null mutants, suggesting these roles on kahweol's effect on lifespan. However, the treatment of kahweol increased the lifespan in sir-2.1 (the homolog of NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-1) and skn-1 (the homolog of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) null mutants over the control, suggesting independent functions of these genes on kahweol's lifespan extension. These results indicate that the insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 signaling and AMPK pathways may play critical roles in extending lifespan by kahweol in C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhyo Cho
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Yeonhwa Park
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
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9
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Smith HJ, Lanjuin A, Sharma A, Prabhakar A, Nowak E, Stine PG, Sehgal R, Stojanovski K, Towbin BD, Mair WB. Neuronal mTORC1 inhibition promotes longevity without suppressing anabolic growth and reproduction in C. elegans. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1010938. [PMID: 37721956 PMCID: PMC10538657 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
mTORC1 (mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1) is a metabolic sensor that promotes growth when nutrients are abundant. Ubiquitous inhibition of mTORC1 extends lifespan in multiple organisms but also disrupts several anabolic processes resulting in stunted growth, slowed development, reduced fertility, and disrupted metabolism. However, it is unclear if these pleiotropic effects of mTORC1 inhibition can be uncoupled from longevity. Here, we utilize the auxin-inducible degradation (AID) system to restrict mTORC1 inhibition to C. elegans neurons. We find that neuron-specific degradation of RAGA-1, an upstream activator of mTORC1, or LET-363, the ortholog of mammalian mTOR, is sufficient to extend lifespan in C. elegans. Unlike raga-1 loss of function genetic mutations or somatic AID of RAGA-1, neuronal AID of RAGA-1 robustly extends lifespan without impairing body size, developmental rate, brood size, or neuronal function. Moreover, while degradation of RAGA-1 in all somatic tissues alters the expression of thousands of genes, demonstrating the widespread effects of mTORC1 inhibition, degradation of RAGA-1 in neurons only results in around 200 differentially expressed genes with a specific enrichment in metabolism and stress response. Notably, our work demonstrates that targeting mTORC1 specifically in the nervous system in C. elegans uncouples longevity from growth and reproductive impairments, and that many canonical effects of low mTORC1 activity are not required to promote healthy aging. These data challenge previously held ideas about the mechanisms of mTORC1 lifespan extension and underscore the potential of promoting longevity by neuron-specific mTORC1 modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah J. Smith
- Dept. Molecular Metabolism, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Anne Lanjuin
- Dept. Molecular Metabolism, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Arpit Sharma
- Dept. Molecular Metabolism, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Aditi Prabhakar
- Dept. Molecular Metabolism, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Ewelina Nowak
- Dept. Molecular Metabolism, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Peter G. Stine
- Dept. Molecular Metabolism, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Rohan Sehgal
- Dept. Molecular Metabolism, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | | | | | - William B. Mair
- Dept. Molecular Metabolism, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Massachusetts, United States of America
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10
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Roux AE, Yuan H, Podshivalova K, Hendrickson D, Kerr R, Kenyon C, Kelley D. Individual cell types in C. elegans age differently and activate distinct cell-protective responses. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112902. [PMID: 37531250 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is characterized by a global decline in physiological function. However, by constructing a complete single-cell gene expression atlas, we find that Caenorhabditis elegans aging is not random in nature but instead is characterized by coordinated changes in functionally related metabolic, proteostasis, and stress-response genes in a cell-type-specific fashion, with downregulation of energy metabolism being the only nearly universal change. Similarly, the rates at which cells age differ significantly between cell types. In some cell types, aging is characterized by an increase in cell-to-cell variance, whereas in others, variance actually decreases. Remarkably, multiple resilience-enhancing transcription factors known to extend lifespan are activated across many cell types with age; we discovered new longevity candidates, such as GEI-3, among these. Together, our findings suggest that cells do not age passively but instead react strongly, and individualistically, to events that occur during aging. This atlas can be queried through a public interface.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Han Yuan
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | | | | | - Rex Kerr
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Cynthia Kenyon
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
| | - David Kelley
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
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11
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Silva-García CG. Devo-Aging: Intersections Between Development and Aging. GeroScience 2023; 45:2145-2159. [PMID: 37160658 PMCID: PMC10651630 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00809-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
There are two fundamental questions in developmental biology. How does a single fertilized cell give rise to a whole body? and how does this body later produce progeny? Synchronization of these embryonic and postembryonic developments ensures continuity of life from one generation to the next. An enormous amount of work has been done to unravel the molecular mechanisms behind these processes, but more recently, modern developmental biology has been expanded to study development in wider contexts, including regeneration, environment, disease, and even aging. However, we have just started to understand how the mechanisms that govern development also regulate aging. This review discusses examples of signaling pathways involved in development to elucidate how their regulation influences healthspan and lifespan. Therefore, a better knowledge of developmental signaling pathways stresses the possibility of using them as innovative biomarkers and targets for aging and age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Giovanni Silva-García
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
- Center on the Biology of Aging, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
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12
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Ruckstuhl MM, Bischof E, Blatch D, Buhayer A, Goldhahn J, Battegay E, Tichelli A, Ewald CY. Translational longevity medicine: a Swiss perspective in an ageing country. Swiss Med Wkly 2023; 153:40088. [PMID: 37410895 DOI: 10.57187/smw.2023.40088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Breakthroughs in medical research in the last century have led to a significant extension of the human lifespan, resulting in a shift towards an elderly population worldwide. Due to the ongoing progress of global development towards elevated standards of living, this study specifically examines Switzerland as a representative nation to explore the socioeconomic and healthcare ramifications associated with an ageing population, thereby highlighting the tangible impact experienced in this context. Beyond the exhaustion of pension funds and medical budgets, by reviewing the literature and analysing publicly available data, we observe a "Swiss Japanification". Old age is associated with late-life comorbidities and an increasing proportion of time spent in poor health. To address these problems, a paradigm shift in medical practice is needed to improve health rather than respond to existing diseases. Basic ageing research is gaining momentum to be translated into therapeutic interventions and provides machine learning tools driving longevity medicine. We propose that research focus on closing the translational gap between the molecular mechanisms of ageing and a more prevention-based medicine, which would help people age better and prevent late-life chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco M Ruckstuhl
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Regeneration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Evelyne Bischof
- Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dana Blatch
- International Center for Multimorbidity and Complexity in Medicine (ICMC), University of Zurich
| | - Aliki Buhayer
- International Center for Multimorbidity and Complexity in Medicine (ICMC), University of Zurich
- Prism Scientific Sàrl, Genève, Switzerland
| | - Jörg Goldhahn
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Edouard Battegay
- International Center for Multimorbidity and Complexity in Medicine (ICMC), University of Zurich
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Merian Iselin Klinik, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andre Tichelli
- Division of Haematology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Collin Y Ewald
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Regeneration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
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13
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Roy C, Molin L, Solari F. Aging gracefully: time and space matter. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:3901-3903. [PMID: 37244284 PMCID: PMC10258018 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Charline Roy
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5284, INSERM U 1314, Institut NeuroMyoGène, MeLis, France
| | - Laurent Molin
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5284, INSERM U 1314, Institut NeuroMyoGène, MeLis, France
| | - Florence Solari
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5284, INSERM U 1314, Institut NeuroMyoGène, MeLis, France
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14
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Pompa L, Montanari A, Tomassini A, Bianchi MM, Aureli W, Miccheli A, Uccelletti D, Schifano E. In Vitro Probiotic Properties and In Vivo Anti-Ageing Effects of Lactoplantibacillus plantarum PFA2018AU Strain Isolated from Carrots on Caenorhabditis elegans. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11041087. [PMID: 37110510 PMCID: PMC10144472 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11041087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) share and provide several beneficial effects on human health, such as the release of bioactive metabolites, pathogen competition, and immune stimulation. The two major reservoirs of probiotic microorganisms are the human gastro-intestinal tract and fermented dairy products. However, other sources, such as plant-based foods, represent important alternatives thanks to their large distribution and nutritive value. Here, the probiotic potential of autochthonous Lactiplantibacillus plantarum PFA2018AU, isolated from carrots harvested in Fucino highland, Abruzzo (Italy), was investigated through in vitro and in vivo approaches. The strain was sent to the biobank of Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia ed Emilia Romagna in Italy for the purpose of patent procedures under the Budapest Treaty. The isolate showed high survival capability under in vitro simulated gastro-intestinal conditions, antibiotic susceptibility, hydrophobicity, aggregation, and the ability to inhibit the in vitro growth of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus pathogens. Caenorhabditis elegans was used as the in vivo model in order to analyse prolongevity and anti-ageing effects. L. plantarum PFA2018AU significantly colonised the gut of the worms, extended their lifespan, and stimulated their innate immunity. Overall, these results showed that autochthonous LAB from vegetables, such as carrots, have functional features that can be considered novel probiotic candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pompa
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "C. Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Arianna Montanari
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "C. Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Alberta Tomassini
- R&D, Aureli Mario S.S. Agricola, Via Mario Aureli 7, 67050 Ortucchio, Italy
| | - Michele Maria Bianchi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "C. Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Walter Aureli
- R&D, Aureli Mario S.S. Agricola, Via Mario Aureli 7, 67050 Ortucchio, Italy
| | - Alfredo Miccheli
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- NMR-Based Metabolomics Laboratory (NMLab), Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Uccelletti
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "C. Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- NMR-Based Metabolomics Laboratory (NMLab), Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Emily Schifano
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "C. Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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15
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Vogt MC, Hobert O. Starvation-induced changes in somatic insulin/IGF-1R signaling drive metabolic programming across generations. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eade1817. [PMID: 37027477 PMCID: PMC10081852 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade1817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to adverse nutritional and metabolic environments during critical periods of development can exert long-lasting effects on health outcomes of an individual and its descendants. Although such metabolic programming has been observed in multiple species and in response to distinct nutritional stressors, conclusive insights into signaling pathways and mechanisms responsible for initiating, mediating, and manifesting changes to metabolism and behavior across generations remain scarce. By using a starvation paradigm in Caenorhabditis elegans, we show that starvation-induced changes in dauer formation-16/forkhead box transcription factor class O (DAF-16/FoxO) activity, the main downstream target of insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) receptor signaling, are responsible for metabolic programming phenotypes. Tissue-specific depletion of DAF-16/FoxO during distinct developmental time points demonstrates that DAF-16/FoxO acts in somatic tissues, but not directly in the germline, to both initiate and manifest metabolic programming. In conclusion, our study deciphers multifaceted and critical roles of highly conserved insulin/IGF-1 receptor signaling in determining health outcomes and behavior across generations.
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16
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Ezkurdia A, Ramírez MJ, Solas M. Metabolic Syndrome as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer's Disease: A Focus on Insulin Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054354. [PMID: 36901787 PMCID: PMC10001958 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the main type of dementia and is a disease with a profound socioeconomic burden due to the lack of effective treatment. In addition to genetics and environmental factors, AD is highly associated with metabolic syndrome, defined as the combination of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Among these risk factors, the connection between AD and T2DM has been deeply studied. It has been suggested that the mechanism linking both conditions is insulin resistance. Insulin is an important hormone that regulates not only peripheral energy homeostasis but also brain functions, such as cognition. Insulin desensitization, therefore, could impact normal brain function increasing the risk of developing neurodegenerative disorders in later life. Paradoxically, it has been demonstrated that decreased neuronal insulin signalling can also have a protective role in aging and protein-aggregation-associated diseases, as is the case in AD. This controversy is fed by studies focused on neuronal insulin signalling. However, the role of insulin action on other brain cell types, such as astrocytes, is still unexplored. Therefore, it is worthwhile exploring the involvement of the astrocytic insulin receptor in cognition, as well as in the onset and/or development of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaia Ezkurdia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- IdISNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - María J. Ramírez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- IdISNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maite Solas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- IdISNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Correspondence:
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17
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Lee H, Lee SJV. Recent Progress in Regulation of Aging by Insulin/IGF-1 Signaling in Caenorhabditis elegans. Mol Cells 2022; 45:763-770. [PMID: 36380728 PMCID: PMC9676989 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2022.0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Caenorhabditis elegans has been used as a major model organism to identify genetic factors that regulate organismal aging and longevity. Insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF- 1) signaling (IIS) regulates aging in many species, ranging from nematodes to humans. C. elegans is a nonpathogenic genetic nematode model, which has been extensively utilized to identify molecular and cellular components that function in organismal aging and longevity. Here, we review the recent progress in the role of IIS in aging and longevity, which involves direct regulation of protein and RNA homeostasis, stress resistance, metabolism and the activities of the endocrine system. We also discuss recently identified genetic factors that interact with canonical IIS components to regulate aging and health span in C. elegans. We expect this review to provide valuable insights into understanding animal aging, which could eventually help develop anti-aging drugs for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanseul Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Seung-Jae V. Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
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18
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Functional Insights into Protein Kinase A (PKA) Signaling from C. elegans. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12111878. [PMID: 36431013 PMCID: PMC9692727 DOI: 10.3390/life12111878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Protein kinase A (PKA), which regulates a diverse set of biological functions downstream of cyclic AMP (cAMP), is a tetramer consisting of two catalytic subunits (PKA-C) and two regulatory subunits (PKA-R). When cAMP binds the PKA-R subunits, the PKA-C subunits are released and interact with downstream effectors. In Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), PKA-C and PKA-R are encoded by kin-1 and kin-2, respectively. This review focuses on the contributions of work in C. elegans to our understanding of the many roles of PKA, including contractility and oocyte maturation in the reproductive system, lipid metabolism, physiology, mitochondrial function and lifespan, and a wide variety of behaviors. C. elegans provides a powerful genetic platform for understanding how this kinase can regulate an astounding variety of physiological responses.
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19
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Mukherjee P, Panda P, Kasturi P. A comparative meta-analysis of membraneless organelle-associated proteins with age related proteome of C. elegans. Cell Stress Chaperones 2022; 27:619-631. [PMID: 36169889 PMCID: PMC9672229 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-022-01299-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteome imbalance can lead to protein misfolding and aggregation which is associated with pathologies. Protein aggregation can also be an active, organized process and can be exploited by cells as a survival strategy. In adverse conditions, it is beneficial to deposit the proteins in a condensate rather degrading and resynthesizing. Membraneless organelles (MLOs) are biological condensates formed through liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), involving cellular components such as nucleic acids and proteins. LLPS is a regulated process, which when perturbed, can undergo a transition from a physiological liquid condensate to pathological solid-like protein aggregates. To understand how the MLO-associated proteins (MLO-APs) behave during aging, we performed a comparative meta-analysis with age-related proteome of C. elegans. We found that the MLO-APs are highly abundant throughout the lifespan in wild-type and long-lived daf-2 mutant animals. Interestingly, they are aggregating more in long-lived mutant animals compared to the age matched wild-type and short-lived daf-16 and hsf-1 mutant animals. GO term analysis revealed that the cell cycle and embryonic development are among the top enriched processes in addition to RNP components in aggregated proteome. Considering antagonistic pleotropic nature of these developmental genes and post mitotic status of C. elegans, we assume that these proteins phase transit during post development. As the organism ages, these MLO-APs either mature to become more insoluble or dissolve in uncontrolled manner. However, in the long-lived daf-2 mutant animals, the MLOs may attain protective states due to extended availability and association of molecular chaperones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritam Mukherjee
- BioX Centre, School of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, Himachal Pradesh, 175005, India
| | - Prajnadipta Panda
- BioX Centre, School of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, Himachal Pradesh, 175005, India
| | - Prasad Kasturi
- BioX Centre, School of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, Himachal Pradesh, 175005, India.
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20
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Intestine-specific removal of DAF-2 nearly doubles lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans with little fitness cost. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6339. [PMID: 36284093 PMCID: PMC9596710 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33850-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Twenty-nine years following the breakthrough discovery that a single-gene mutation of daf-2 doubles Caenorhabditis elegans lifespan, it remains unclear where this insulin/IGF-1 receptor gene is expressed and where it acts to regulate ageing. Using knock-in fluorescent reporters, we determined that daf-2 and its downstream transcription factor daf-16 are expressed ubiquitously. Using tissue-specific targeted protein degradation, we determined that intracellular DAF-2-to-DAF-16 signaling in the intestine plays a major role in lifespan regulation, while that in the hypodermis, neurons, and germline plays a minor role. Notably, intestine-specific loss of DAF-2 activates DAF-16 in and outside the intestine, causes almost no adverse effects on development and reproduction, and extends lifespan by 94% in a way that partly requires non-intestinal DAF-16. Consistent with intestine supplying nutrients to the entire body, evidence from this and other studies suggests that altered metabolism, particularly down-regulation of protein and RNA synthesis, mediates longevity by reduction of insulin/IGF-1 signaling.
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21
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Sepers JJ, Verstappen NHM, Vo AA, Ragle JM, Ruijtenberg S, Ward JD, Boxem M. The mIAA7 degron improves auxin-mediated degradation in Caenorhabditiselegans. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2022; 12:jkac222. [PMID: 36029236 PMCID: PMC9526053 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkac222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Auxin-inducible degradation is a powerful tool for the targeted degradation of proteins with spatiotemporal control. One limitation of the auxin-inducible degradation system is that not all proteins are degraded efficiently. Here, we demonstrate that an alternative degron sequence, termed mIAA7, improves the efficiency of degradation in Caenorhabditiselegans, as previously reported in human cells. We tested the depletion of a series of proteins with various subcellular localizations in different tissue types and found that the use of the mIAA7 degron resulted in faster depletion kinetics for 5 out of 6 proteins tested. The exception was the nuclear protein HIS-72, which was depleted with similar efficiency as with the conventional AID* degron sequence. The mIAA7 degron also increased the leaky degradation for 2 of the tested proteins. To overcome this problem, we combined the mIAA7 degron with the C. elegans AID2 system, which resulted in complete protein depletion without detectable leaky degradation. Finally, we show that the degradation of ERM-1, a highly stable protein that is challenging to deplete, could be improved further by using multiple mIAA7 degrons. Taken together, the mIAA7 degron further increases the power and applicability of the auxin-inducible degradation system. To facilitate the generation of mIAA7-tagged proteins using CRISPR/Cas9 genome engineering, we generated a toolkit of plasmids for the generation of dsDNA repair templates by PCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorian J Sepers
- Division of Developmental Biology, Institute of Biodynamics and Biocomplexity, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Noud H M Verstappen
- Division of Developmental Biology, Institute of Biodynamics and Biocomplexity, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - An A Vo
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - James Matthew Ragle
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Suzan Ruijtenberg
- Division of Developmental Biology, Institute of Biodynamics and Biocomplexity, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jordan D Ward
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Mike Boxem
- Division of Developmental Biology, Institute of Biodynamics and Biocomplexity, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
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22
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Roy C, Molin L, Alcolei A, Solyga M, Bonneau B, Vachon C, Bessereau JL, Solari F. DAF-2/insulin IGF-1 receptor regulates motility during aging by integrating opposite signaling from muscle and neuronal tissues. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13660. [PMID: 35808897 PMCID: PMC9381905 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
During aging, preservation of locomotion is generally considered an indicator of sustained good health, in elderlies and in animal models. In Caenorhabditis elegans, mutants of the insulin‐IGF‐1 receptor DAF2/IIRc represent a paradigm of healthy aging, as their increased lifespan is accompanied by a delay in age‐related loss of motility. Here, we investigated the DAF‐2/IIRc‐dependent relationship between longevity and motility using an auxin‐inducible degron to trigger tissue‐specific degradation of endogenous DAF‐2/IIRc. As previously reported, inactivation of DAF‐2/IIRc in neurons or intestine was sufficient to extend the lifespan of worms, whereas depletion in epidermis, germline, or muscle was not. However, neither intestinal nor neuronal depletion of DAF‐2/IIRc prevented the age‐related loss of motility. In 1‐day‐old adults, DAF‐2/IIRc depletion in neurons reduced motility in a DAF‐16/FOXO dependent manner, while muscle depletion had no effect. By contrast, DAF‐2 depletion in the muscle of middle‐age animals improved their motility independently of DAF‐16/FOXO but required UNC‐120/SRF. Yet, neuronal or muscle DAF‐2/IIRc depletion both preserved the mitochondria network in aging muscle. Overall, these results show that the motility pattern of daf‐2 mutants is determined by the sequential and opposing impact of neurons and muscle tissues and can be dissociated from the regulation of the lifespan. This work also provides the characterization of a versatile tool to analyze the tissue‐specific contribution of insulin‐like signaling in integrated phenotypes at the whole organism level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charline Roy
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5284, INSERMU1314, Institut NeuroMyoGène, MeLis, Lyon, France
| | - Laurent Molin
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5284, INSERMU1314, Institut NeuroMyoGène, MeLis, Lyon, France
| | - Allan Alcolei
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5284, INSERMU1314, Institut NeuroMyoGène, MeLis, Lyon, France
| | - Mathilde Solyga
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5284, INSERMU1314, Institut NeuroMyoGène, MeLis, Lyon, France
| | - Benjamin Bonneau
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5284, INSERMU1314, Institut NeuroMyoGène, MeLis, Lyon, France
| | - Camille Vachon
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5284, INSERMU1314, Institut NeuroMyoGène, MeLis, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Louis Bessereau
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5284, INSERMU1314, Institut NeuroMyoGène, MeLis, Lyon, France
| | - Florence Solari
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5284, INSERMU1314, Institut NeuroMyoGène, MeLis, Lyon, France
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23
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Vidović T, Ewald CY. Longevity-Promoting Pathways and Transcription Factors Respond to and Control Extracellular Matrix Dynamics During Aging and Disease. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:935220. [PMID: 35874275 PMCID: PMC9301135 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.935220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Aging is one of the largest risk factors for cancer, type 2 diabetes, osteoarthritis, cardiovascular diseases, and other age-related pathologies. Here, we give a detailed description of the interplay of chronic age-related pathologies with the remodeling of the extracellular matrix during disease development and progression. Longevity-promoting signaling pathways slow or prevent age-related diseases. In particular, we focus on the mTOR signaling pathway, sirtuins, and canonical longevity-promoting transcription factors, such as FOXO, NF-κB, and Nrf2. We extend our analysis using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) sequencing and transcriptomic data and report that many established and emerging longevity-promoting transcription factors, such as CREB1, FOXO1,3, GATA1,2,3,4, HIF1A, JUN, KLF4, MYC, NFE2L2/Nrf2, RELA/NF-κB, REST, STAT3,5A, and TP53/p53, directly regulate many extracellular matrix genes and remodelers. We propose that modulation of these pathways increases lifespan and protects from age-related diseases in part due to their effects on extracellular matrix remodeling. Therefore, to successfully treat age-related diseases, it is necessary to better understand the connection between extracellular matrix components and longevity pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Collin Y. Ewald
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Regeneration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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24
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Nutrient-Response Pathways in Healthspan and Lifespan Regulation. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091568. [PMID: 35563873 PMCID: PMC9102925 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular, small invertebrate and vertebrate models are a driving force in biogerontology studies. Using various models, such as yeasts, appropriate tissue culture cells, Drosophila, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and the mouse, has tremendously increased our knowledge around the relationship between diet, nutrient-response signaling pathways and lifespan regulation. In recent years, combinatorial drug treatments combined with mutagenesis, high-throughput screens, as well as multi-omics approaches, have provided unprecedented insights in cellular metabolism, development, differentiation, and aging. Scientists are, therefore, moving towards characterizing the fine architecture and cross-talks of growth and stress pathways towards identifying possible interventions that could lead to healthy aging and the amelioration of age-related diseases in humans. In this short review, we briefly examine recently uncovered knowledge around nutrient-response pathways, such as the Insulin Growth Factor (IGF) and the mechanistic Target of Rapamycin signaling pathways, as well as specific GWAS and some EWAS studies on lifespan and age-related disease that have enhanced our current understanding within the aging and biogerontology fields. We discuss what is learned from the rich and diverse generated data, as well as challenges and next frontiers in these scientific disciplines.
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