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Miyahira AK, Kamran SC, Jamaspishvili T, Marshall CH, Maxwell KN, Parolia A, Zorko NA, Pienta KJ, Soule HR. Disrupting prostate cancer research: Challenge accepted; report from the 2023 Coffey-Holden Prostate Cancer Academy Meeting. Prostate 2024; 84:993-1015. [PMID: 38682886 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The 2023 Coffey-Holden Prostate Cancer Academy (CHPCA) Meeting, themed "Disrupting Prostate Cancer Research: Challenge Accepted," was convened at the University of California, Los Angeles, Luskin Conference Center, in Los Angeles, CA, from June 22 to 25, 2023. METHODS The 2023 marked the 10th Annual CHPCA Meeting, a discussion-oriented scientific think-tank conference convened annually by the Prostate Cancer Foundation, which centers on innovative and emerging research topics deemed pivotal for advancing critical unmet needs in prostate cancer research and clinical care. The 2023 CHPCA Meeting was attended by 81 academic investigators and included 40 talks across 8 sessions. RESULTS The central topic areas covered at the meeting included: targeting transcription factor neo-enhancesomes in cancer, AR as a pro-differentiation and oncogenic transcription factor, why few are cured with androgen deprivation therapy and how to change dogma to cure metastatic prostate cancer without castration, reducing prostate cancer morbidity and mortality with genetics, opportunities for radiation to enhance therapeutic benefit in oligometastatic prostate cancer, novel immunotherapeutic approaches, and the new era of artificial intelligence-driven precision medicine. DISCUSSION This article provides an overview of the scientific presentations delivered at the 2023 CHPCA Meeting, such that this knowledge can help in facilitating the advancement of prostate cancer research worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea K Miyahira
- Science Department, Prostate Cancer Foundation, Santa Monica, California, USA
| | - Sophia C Kamran
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tamara Jamaspishvili
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Catherine H Marshall
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kara N Maxwell
- Department of Medicine-Hematology/Oncology and Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Medicine Service, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Abhijit Parolia
- Department of Pathology, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Nicholas A Zorko
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kenneth J Pienta
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Howard R Soule
- Science Department, Prostate Cancer Foundation, Santa Monica, California, USA
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Plym A, Zhang Y, Stopsack KH, Ugalde-Morales E, Seibert TM, Conti DV, Haiman CA, Baras A, Stocks T, Drake I, Penney KL, Giovannucci E, Kibel AS, Wiklund F, Mucci LA. Early Prostate Cancer Deaths Among Men With Higher vs Lower Genetic Risk. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e2420034. [PMID: 38958976 PMCID: PMC11222990 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.20034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Prostate cancer, a leading cause of cancer death among men, urgently requires new prevention strategies, which may involve targeting men with an underlying genetic susceptibility. Objective To explore differences in risk of early prostate cancer death among men with higher vs lower genetic risk to inform prevention efforts. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study used a combined analysis of genotyped men without prostate cancer at inclusion and with lifestyle data in 2 prospective cohort studies in Sweden and the US, the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (MDCS) and the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (HPFS), followed up from 1991 to 2019. Data were analyzed between April 2023 and April 2024. Exposures Men were categorized according to modifiable lifestyle behaviors and genetic risk. A polygenic risk score above the median or a family history of cancer defined men at higher genetic risk (67% of the study population); the remaining men were categorized as being at lower genetic risk. Main Outcomes and Measures Prostate cancer death analyzed using time-to-event analysis estimating hazard ratios (HR), absolute risks, and preventable deaths by age. Results Among the 19 607 men included for analysis, the median (IQR) age at inclusion was 59.0 (53.0-64.7) years (MDCS) and 65.1 (58.0-71.8) years (HPFS). During follow-up, 107 early (by age 75 years) and 337 late (after age 75 years) prostate cancer deaths were observed. Compared with men at lower genetic risk, men at higher genetic risk had increased rates of both early (HR, 3.26; 95% CI, 1.82-5.84) and late (HR, 2.26; 95% CI, 1.70-3.01) prostate cancer death, and higher lifetime risks of prostate cancer death (3.1% vs 1.3% [MDCS] and 2.3% vs 0.6% [HPFS]). Men at higher genetic risk accounted for 94 of 107 early prostate cancer deaths (88%), of which 36% (95% CI, 12%-60%) were estimated to be preventable through adherence to behaviors associated with a healthy lifestyle (not smoking, healthy weight, high physical activity, and a healthy diet). Conclusions and Relevance In this 20-year follow-up study, men with a genetic predisposition accounted for the vast majority of early prostate cancer deaths, of which one-third were estimated to be preventable. This suggests that men at increased genetic risk should be targeted in prostate cancer prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Plym
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Urology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Konrad H. Stopsack
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Emilio Ugalde-Morales
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tyler M. Seibert
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, Department of Radiology, and Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - David V. Conti
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Christopher A. Haiman
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Aris Baras
- Regeneron Genetics Center, Tarrytown, New York
| | - Tanja Stocks
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Isabel Drake
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Kathryn L. Penney
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Adam S. Kibel
- Department of Urology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Fredrik Wiklund
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lorelei A. Mucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
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Saffie Awad P, Makarious MB, Elsayed I, Sanyaolu A, Wild Crea P, Schumacher Schuh AF, Levine KS, Vitale D, Korestky MJ, Kim J, Peixoto Leal T, Perinan MT, Dey S, Noyce AJ, Reyes-Palomares A, Rodriguez-Losada N, Foo JN, Mohamed W, Heilbron K, Norcliffe-Kaufmann L, Rizig M, Okubadejo N, Nalls M, Blauwendraat C, Singleton A, Leonard H, Mata IF, Bandres Ciga S. Insights into Ancestral Diversity in Parkinsons Disease Risk: A Comparative Assessment of Polygenic Risk Scores. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2023.11.28.23299090. [PMID: 38076954 PMCID: PMC10705647 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.28.23299090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Objectives To evaluate and compare different polygenic risk score (PRS) models in predicting Parkinsons disease (PD) across diverse ancestries, focusing on identifying the most suitable approach for each population and potentially contributing to equitable advancements in precision medicine. Methods We constructed a total of 105 PRS across individual level data from seven diverse ancestries. First, a cross-ancestry conventional PRS comparison was implemented by utilizing the 90 known European risk loci with weighted effects from four independent summary statistics including European, East Asian, Latino/Admixed American, and African/Admixed. These models were adjusted by sex, age, and principal components (28 PRS) and by sex, age, and percentage of admixture (28 PRS) for comparison. Secondly, a novel and refined multi-ancestry best-fit PRS approach was then applied across the seven ancestries by leveraging multi-ancestry meta-analyzed summary statistics and using a p-value thresholding approach (49 PRS) to enhance prediction applicability in a global setting. Results European-based PRS models predicted disease status across all ancestries to differing degrees of accuracy. Ashkenazi Jewish had the highest Odds Ratio (OR): 1.96 (95% CI: 1.69-2.25, p < 0.0001) with an AUC (Area Under the Curve) of 68%. Conversely, the East Asian population, despite having fewer predictive variants (84 out of 90), had an OR of 1.37 (95% CI: 1.32-1.42) and an AUC of 62%, illustrating the cross-ancestry transferability of this model. Lower OR alongside broader confidence intervals were observed in other populations, including Africans (OR =1.38, 95% CI: 1.12-1.63, p=0.001). Adjustment by percentage of admixture did not outperform principal components. Multi-ancestry best-fit PRS models improved risk prediction in European, Ashkenazi Jewish, and African ancestries, yet didn't surpass conventional PRS in admixed populations such as Latino/American admixed and African admixed populations. Interpretation The present study represents a novel and comprehensive assessment of PRS performance across seven ancestries in PD, highlighting the inadequacy of a 'one size fits all' approach in genetic risk prediction. We demonstrated that European based PD PRS models are partially transferable to other ancestries and could be improved by a novel best-fit multi-ancestry PRS, especially in non-admixed populations.
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Garraway IP, Carlsson SV, Nyame YA, Vassy JL, Chilov M, Fleming M, Frencher SK, George DJ, Kibel AS, King SA, Kittles R, Mahal BA, Pettaway CA, Rebbeck T, Rose B, Vince R, Winn RA, Yamoah K, Oh WK. Prostate Cancer Foundation Screening Guidelines for Black Men in the United States. NEJM EVIDENCE 2024; 3:EVIDoa2300289. [PMID: 38815168 DOI: 10.1056/evidoa2300289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the United States, Black men are at highest risk for being diagnosed with and dying from prostate cancer. Given this disparity, we examined relevant data to establish clinical prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening guidelines for Black men in the United States. METHODS A comprehensive literature search identified 1848 unique publications for screening. Of those screened, 287 studies were selected for full-text review, and 264 were considered relevant and form the basis for these guidelines. The numbers were reported according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. RESULTS Three randomized controlled trials provided Level 1 evidence that regular PSA screening of men 50 to 74 years of age of average risk reduced metastasis and prostate cancer death at 16 to 22 years of follow-up. The best available evidence specifically for Black men comes from observational and modeling studies that consider age to obtain a baseline PSA, frequency of testing, and age when screening should end. Cohort studies suggest that discussions about baseline PSA testing between Black men and their clinicians should begin in the early 40s, and data from modeling studies indicate prostate cancer develops 3 to 9 years earlier in Black men compared with non-Black men. Lowering the age for baseline PSA testing to 40 to 45 years of age from 50 to 55 years of age, followed by regular screening until 70 years of age (informed by PSA values and health factors), could reduce prostate cancer mortality in Black men (approximately 30% relative risk reduction) without substantially increasing overdiagnosis. CONCLUSIONS These guidelines recommend that Black men should obtain information about PSA screening for prostate cancer. Among Black men who elect screening, baseline PSA testing should occur between ages 40 and 45. Depending on PSA value and health status, annual screening should be strongly considered. (Supported by the Prostate Cancer Foundation.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Isla P Garraway
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California and Department of Surgical and Perioperative Care, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles
| | - Sigrid V Carlsson
- Departments of Surgery and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Urology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
- Department of Urology, Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, and Department of Translational Medicine, Division of Urological Cancers, Medical Faculty, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Yaw A Nyame
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Jason L Vassy
- Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research (CHOIR), Veterans Health Administration, Bedford and Boston
- Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston
| | - Marina Chilov
- Medical Library, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - Mark Fleming
- Virginia Oncology Associates, US Oncology Network, Norfolk, VA
| | - Stanley K Frencher
- Martin Luther King Jr. Community Hospital and University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Daniel J George
- Duke Cancer Institute Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Adam S Kibel
- Department of Urology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Sherita A King
- Section of Urology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA
| | - Rick Kittles
- Morehouse School of Medicine, Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Atlanta
| | - Brandon A Mahal
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami
| | - Curtis A Pettaway
- Department of Urology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - Timothy Rebbeck
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston
| | - Brent Rose
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Diego
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA
| | - Randy Vince
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Robert A Winn
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond
| | - Kosj Yamoah
- Department of Radiation Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL
- James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, FL
| | - William K Oh
- Prostate Cancer Foundation, Santa Monica, CA
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute at Mount Sinai, New York
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Elashi AA, Toor SM, Umlai UKI, Al-Sarraj YA, Taheri S, Suhre K, Abou-Samra AB, Albagha OME. Genome-wide association study and trans-ethnic meta-analysis identify novel susceptibility loci for type 2 diabetes mellitus. BMC Med Genomics 2024; 17:115. [PMID: 38685053 PMCID: PMC11059680 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-024-01855-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genetic basis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is under-investigated in the Middle East, despite the rapidly growing disease prevalence. We aimed to define the genetic determinants of T2D in Qatar. METHODS Using whole genome sequencing of 11,436 participants (2765 T2D cases and 8671 controls) from the population-based Qatar Biobank (QBB), we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of T2D with and without body mass index (BMI) adjustment. RESULTS We replicated 93 known T2D-associated loci in a BMI-unadjusted model, while 96 known loci were replicated in a BMI-adjusted model. The effect sizes and allele frequencies of replicated SNPs in the Qatari population generally concurred with those from European populations. We identified a locus specific to our cohort located between the APOBEC3H and CBX7 genes in the BMI-unadjusted model. Also, we performed a transethnic meta-analysis of our cohort with a previous GWAS on T2D in multi-ancestry individuals (180,834 T2D cases and 1,159,055 controls). One locus in DYNC2H1 gene reached genome-wide significance in the meta-analysis. Assessing polygenic risk scores derived from European- and multi-ancestries in the Qatari population showed higher predictive performance of the multi-ancestry panel compared to the European panel. CONCLUSION Our study provides new insights into the genetic architecture of T2D in a Middle Eastern population and identifies genes that may be explored further for their involvement in T2D pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma A Elashi
- College of Health and Life Sciences (CHLS), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Education City, Doha, P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
| | - Salman M Toor
- College of Health and Life Sciences (CHLS), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Education City, Doha, P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
| | - Umm-Kulthum Ismail Umlai
- College of Health and Life Sciences (CHLS), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Education City, Doha, P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
| | - Yasser A Al-Sarraj
- Qatar Genome Program (QGP), Qatar Foundation Research, Development and Innovation, Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, P.O. Box 5825, Qatar
| | - Shahrad Taheri
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar
| | - Karsten Suhre
- Bioinformatics Core, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Doha, P.O. Box 24144, Qatar
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 510065, New York, USA
| | | | - Omar M E Albagha
- College of Health and Life Sciences (CHLS), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Education City, Doha, P.O. Box 34110, Qatar.
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, Edinburgh, UK.
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Xiang R, Kelemen M, Xu Y, Harris LW, Parkinson H, Inouye M, Lambert SA. Recent advances in polygenic scores: translation, equitability, methods and FAIR tools. Genome Med 2024; 16:33. [PMID: 38373998 PMCID: PMC10875792 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-024-01304-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Polygenic scores (PGS) can be used for risk stratification by quantifying individuals' genetic predisposition to disease, and many potentially clinically useful applications have been proposed. Here, we review the latest potential benefits of PGS in the clinic and challenges to implementation. PGS could augment risk stratification through combined use with traditional risk factors (demographics, disease-specific risk factors, family history, etc.), to support diagnostic pathways, to predict groups with therapeutic benefits, and to increase the efficiency of clinical trials. However, there exist challenges to maximizing the clinical utility of PGS, including FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) use and standardized sharing of the genomic data needed to develop and recalculate PGS, the equitable performance of PGS across populations and ancestries, the generation of robust and reproducible PGS calculations, and the responsible communication and interpretation of results. We outline how these challenges may be overcome analytically and with more diverse data as well as highlight sustained community efforts to achieve equitable, impactful, and responsible use of PGS in healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruidong Xiang
- Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Martin Kelemen
- Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Victor Phillip Dahdaleh Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yu Xu
- Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Victor Phillip Dahdaleh Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Laura W Harris
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Helen Parkinson
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Michael Inouye
- Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Victor Phillip Dahdaleh Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Samuel A Lambert
- Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Victor Phillip Dahdaleh Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
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Amini AE, Salari K. Incorporating Genetic Risk Into Prostate Cancer Care: Implications for Early Detection and Precision Oncology. JCO Precis Oncol 2024; 8:e2300560. [PMID: 38412389 DOI: 10.1200/po.23.00560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The availability and cost of germline and somatic genetic testing have dramatically improved over the past two decades, enabling precision medicine approaches in oncology, with significant implications for prostate cancer (PCa) care. Roughly 12% of individuals with advanced disease are carriers of rare pathogenic germline variants that predispose to particularly aggressive and earlier-onset disease. Several of these variants are already established as clinically actionable by modern precision oncology therapeutics, while others may come to aid the selection of active surveillance, definitive local therapies, and systemic therapies. Concurrently, the number of common variants (ie, incorporated into polygenic risk scores) associated with PCa risk has continued to grow, but with several important considerations both at the intersection of race and ancestry and for early detection of aggressive disease. Family history has historically been used as a proxy for this inherited genetic risk of PCa, but recently emerging evidence examining this relation has shifted our understanding of how best to leverage this tool in PCa care. This review seeks to clarify and contextualize the existing and emerging precision oncology paradigms that use inherited genetic risk in PCa care, for both early detection and localized disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew E Amini
- Department of Urology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Keyan Salari
- Department of Urology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
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Jalloh M, Cassell A, Niang L, Rebbeck T. Global viewpoints: updates on prostate cancer in Sub-Saharan Africa. BJU Int 2024; 133:6-13. [PMID: 37702258 DOI: 10.1111/bju.16178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a major health concern in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), with high incidence and mortality rates. However, the widely used prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening is not readily available or affordable in SSA. Alternative screening strategies, such as risk stratification approaches and cost-effective PSA tests, are being explored to target high-risk individuals and improve access to screening. Diagnosis of PCa in SSA is challenging due to the lack of access to diagnostic tools and limited healthcare resources. Clinical evaluation and digital rectal examination are commonly used, but PSA testing, magnetic resonance imaging, and biopsy are often limited. As a result, many men in SSA are diagnosed at advanced stages of the disease. Treatment options for PCa in SSA are often limited by a lack of resources and trained healthcare providers. Surgery, radiation therapy, and androgen-deprivation therapy are available but may be inaccessible to many patients. Cultural beliefs and stigma surrounding PCa further impact treatment decisions. Improved patient and community awareness, electronic medical records, and communication between patients and healthcare professionals can enhance evidence-based decision-making and advocate for policy changes. Understanding the genetic determinants and implementing comprehensive strategies can lead to improved outcomes and better control of PCa in SSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Jalloh
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Hopital General de Grand Yoff, Dakar, Senegal
- Ecole Doctorale ED-2DS, Universite Iba Der Thiam de Thies, Thies, Senegal
| | - Ayun Cassell
- Department of Surgery, Liberia College of Physicians and Surgeons, Monrovia, Liberia
| | - Lamine Niang
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Hopital General de Grand Yoff, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Timothy Rebbeck
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, University of Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
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Wang A, Shen J, Rodriguez AA, Saunders EJ, Chen F, Janivara R, Darst BF, Sheng X, Xu Y, Chou AJ, Benlloch S, Dadaev T, Brook MN, Plym A, Sahimi A, Hoffman TJ, Takahashi A, Matsuda K, Momozawa Y, Fujita M, Laisk T, Figuerêdo J, Muir K, Ito S, Liu X, Uchio Y, Kubo M, Kamatani Y, Lophatananon A, Wan P, Andrews C, Lori A, Choudhury PP, Schleutker J, Tammela TL, Sipeky C, Auvinen A, Giles GG, Southey MC, MacInnis RJ, Cybulski C, Wokolorczyk D, Lubinski J, Rentsch CT, Cho K, Mcmahon BH, Neal DE, Donovan JL, Hamdy FC, Martin RM, Nordestgaard BG, Nielsen SF, Weischer M, Bojesen SE, Røder A, Stroomberg HV, Batra J, Chambers S, Horvath L, Clements JA, Tilly W, Risbridger GP, Gronberg H, Aly M, Szulkin R, Eklund M, Nordstrom T, Pashayan N, Dunning AM, Ghoussaini M, Travis RC, Key TJ, Riboli E, Park JY, Sellers TA, Lin HY, Albanes D, Weinstein S, Cook MB, Mucci LA, Giovannucci E, Lindstrom S, Kraft P, Hunter DJ, Penney KL, Turman C, Tangen CM, Goodman PJ, Thompson IM, Hamilton RJ, Fleshner NE, Finelli A, Parent MÉ, Stanford JL, Ostrander EA, Koutros S, Beane Freeman LE, Stampfer M, Wolk A, Håkansson N, Andriole GL, Hoover RN, Machiela MJ, Sørensen KD, Borre M, Blot WJ, Zheng W, Yeboah ED, Mensah JE, Lu YJ, Zhang HW, Feng N, Mao X, Wu Y, Zhao SC, Sun Z, Thibodeau SN, McDonnell SK, Schaid DJ, West CM, Barnett G, Maier C, Schnoeller T, Luedeke M, Kibel AS, Drake BF, Cussenot O, Cancel-Tassin G, Menegaux F, Truong T, Koudou YA, John EM, Grindedal EM, Maehle L, Khaw KT, Ingles SA, Stern MC, Vega A, Gómez-Caamaño A, Fachal L, Rosenstein BS, Kerns SL, Ostrer H, Teixeira MR, Paulo P, Brandão A, Watya S, Lubwama A, Bensen JT, Butler EN, Mohler JL, Taylor JA, Kogevinas M, Dierssen-Sotos T, Castaño-Vinyals G, Cannon-Albright L, Teerlink CC, Huff CD, Pilie P, Yu Y, Bohlender RJ, Gu J, Strom SS, Multigner L, Blanchet P, Brureau L, Kaneva R, Slavov C, Mitev V, Leach RJ, Brenner H, Chen X, Holleczek B, Schöttker B, Klein EA, Hsing AW, Kittles RA, Murphy AB, Logothetis CJ, Kim J, Neuhausen SL, Steele L, Ding YC, Isaacs WB, Nemesure B, Hennis AJ, Carpten J, Pandha H, Michael A, Ruyck KD, Meerleer GD, Ost P, Xu J, Razack A, Lim J, Teo SH, Newcomb LF, Lin DW, Fowke JH, Neslund-Dudas CM, Rybicki BA, Gamulin M, Lessel D, Kulis T, Usmani N, Abraham A, Singhal S, Parliament M, Claessens F, Joniau S, den Broeck TV, Gago-Dominguez M, Castelao JE, Martinez ME, Larkin S, Townsend PA, Aukim-Hastie C, Bush WS, Aldrich MC, Crawford DC, Srivastava S, Cullen J, Petrovics G, Casey G, Wang Y, Tettey Y, Lachance J, Tang W, Biritwum RB, Adjei AA, Tay E, Truelove A, Niwa S, Yamoah K, Govindasami K, Chokkalingam AP, Keaton JM, Hellwege JN, Clark PE, Jalloh M, Gueye SM, Niang L, Ogunbiyi O, Shittu O, Amodu O, Adebiyi AO, Aisuodionoe-Shadrach OI, Ajibola HO, Jamda MA, Oluwole OP, Nwegbu M, Adusei B, Mante S, Darkwa-Abrahams A, Diop H, Gundell SM, Roobol MJ, Jenster G, van Schaik RH, Hu JJ, Sanderson M, Kachuri L, Varma R, McKean-Cowdin R, Torres M, Preuss MH, Loos RJ, Zawistowski M, Zöllner S, Lu Z, Van Den Eeden SK, Easton DF, Ambs S, Edwards TL, Mägi R, Rebbeck TR, Fritsche L, Chanock SJ, Berndt SI, Wiklund F, Nakagawa H, Witte JS, Gaziano JM, Justice AC, Mancuso N, Terao C, Eeles RA, Kote-Jarai Z, Madduri RK, Conti DV, Haiman CA. Characterizing prostate cancer risk through multi-ancestry genome-wide discovery of 187 novel risk variants. Nat Genet 2023; 55:2065-2074. [PMID: 37945903 PMCID: PMC10841479 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01534-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The transferability and clinical value of genetic risk scores (GRSs) across populations remain limited due to an imbalance in genetic studies across ancestrally diverse populations. Here we conducted a multi-ancestry genome-wide association study of 156,319 prostate cancer cases and 788,443 controls of European, African, Asian and Hispanic men, reflecting a 57% increase in the number of non-European cases over previous prostate cancer genome-wide association studies. We identified 187 novel risk variants for prostate cancer, increasing the total number of risk variants to 451. An externally replicated multi-ancestry GRS was associated with risk that ranged from 1.8 (per standard deviation) in African ancestry men to 2.2 in European ancestry men. The GRS was associated with a greater risk of aggressive versus non-aggressive disease in men of African ancestry (P = 0.03). Our study presents novel prostate cancer susceptibility loci and a GRS with effective risk stratification across ancestry groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Wang
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jiayi Shen
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Fei Chen
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rohini Janivara
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Burcu F. Darst
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Xin Sheng
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yili Xu
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alisha J. Chou
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sara Benlloch
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology,University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Anna Plym
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Urology Division, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ali Sahimi
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine,University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Thomas J. Hoffman
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Atushi Takahashi
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Genomic Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Japan
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Genome Sequencing,Graduate school of Frontier Sciences,The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukihide Momozawa
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center of Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masashi Fujita
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center of Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Triin Laisk
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jéssica Figuerêdo
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kenneth Muir
- Division of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Shuji Ito
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shimane University, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Xiaoxi Liu
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
| | - The Biobank Japan Project
- Corresponding Author: Christopher A. Haiman, Harlyne J. Norris Cancer Research Tower, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1450 Biggy Street, Rm 1504, Los Angeles, CA 90033 or
| | - Yuji Uchio
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shimane University, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Artitaya Lophatananon
- Division of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester, UK
| | - Peggy Wan
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine,University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Caroline Andrews
- Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health and Division of Population Sciences,Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adriana Lori
- Department of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Kennesaw, GA, USA
| | | | - Johanna Schleutker
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Genomics, Laboratory Division, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Csilla Sipeky
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Anssi Auvinen
- Unit of Health Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Graham G. Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health,The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Melissa C. Southey
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robert J. MacInnis
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health,The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cezary Cybulski
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Dominika Wokolorczyk
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jan Lubinski
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Christopher T. Rentsch
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kelly Cho
- Division of Aging, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - David E. Neal
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, UK
- University of Cambridge, Department of Oncology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
- Cancer Research UK, Cambridge Research Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jenny L. Donovan
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Freddie C. Hamdy
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Faculty of Medical Science, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Richard M. Martin
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre at University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Borge G. Nordestgaard
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sune F. Nielsen
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maren Weischer
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stig E. Bojesen
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Røder
- Copenhagen Prostate Cancer Center, Department of Urology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hein V. Stroomberg
- Copenhagen Prostate Cancer Center, Department of Urology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jyotsna Batra
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Qld, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Lisa Horvath
- Chris O’Brien Lifehouse (COBLH), Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, Australia, Sydney, Australia
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Judith A. Clements
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Qld, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Wayne Tilly
- Dame Roma Mitchell Cancer Research Laboratories, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Gail P. Risbridger
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Prostate Cancer Translational Research Program, Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Henrik Gronberg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Markus Aly
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, and Department of Urology, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Urology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Robert Szulkin
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- SDS Life Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Eklund
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tobias Nordstrom
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences at Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nora Pashayan
- University College London, Department of Applied Health Research, London, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Applied Health Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - Alison M. Dunning
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Maya Ghoussaini
- Open Targets, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Saffron Walden, Hinxton, UK
| | - Ruth C. Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tim J. Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jong Y. Park
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Thomas A. Sellers
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Hui-Yi Lin
- School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stephanie Weinstein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael B. Cook
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH,, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lorelei A. Mucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sara Lindstrom
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Peter Kraft
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David J. Hunter
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kathryn L. Penney
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Constance Turman
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Catherine M. Tangen
- SWOG Statistical Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Phyllis J. Goodman
- SWOG Statistical Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ian M. Thompson
- CHRISTUS Santa Rosa Hospital – Medical Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Robert J. Hamilton
- Dept. of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada
- Dept. of Surgery (Urology), University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Neil E. Fleshner
- Dept. of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Antonio Finelli
- Division of Urology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Marie-Élise Parent
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Janet L. Stanford
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Elaine A. Ostrander
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stella Koutros
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Laura E. Beane Freeman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Meir Stampfer
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Division of Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Niclas Håkansson
- Division of Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gerald L. Andriole
- Brady Urological Institute in National Capital Region, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robert N. Hoover
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mitchell J. Machiela
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Karina Dalsgaard Sørensen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Michael Borre
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Urology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - William J. Blot
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - James E. Mensah
- University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
- Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana
| | - Yong-Jie Lu
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, London, UK
| | | | - Ninghan Feng
- Wuxi Second Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangzhu Province, China
| | - Xueying Mao
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, London, UK
| | - Yudong Wu
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, The Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shan-Chao Zhao
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zan Sun
- The People’s Hospital of Liaoning Proviouce, The People’s Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China, Shenyang, China
| | - Stephen N. Thibodeau
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Daniel J. Schaid
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Catharine M.L. West
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Radiotherapy Related Research, The Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Gill Barnett
- University of Cambridge Department of Oncology, Oncology Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | | | - Adam S. Kibel
- Division of Urologic Surgery, Brigham and Womens Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Olivier Cussenot
- GRC 5 Predictive Onco-Urology, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- CeRePP, Paris, France
| | | | - Florence Menegaux
- Exposome and Heredity, CESP (UMR 1018), Paris-Saclay Medical School, Paris-Saclay University, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Thérèse Truong
- Exposome and Heredity, CESP (UMR 1018), Paris-Saclay Medical School, Paris-Saclay University, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Yves Akoli Koudou
- Cancer & Environment Group, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), INSERM, University Paris-Sud, University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif Cédex, France
| | - Esther M. John
- Department of Medicine, Stanford Cancer Institute,Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Lovise Maehle
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Clinical Gerontology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sue A. Ingles
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mariana C Stern
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ana Vega
- Fundación Pública Galega Medicina Xenómica, Santiago De Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago De Compostela, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Spain
| | - Antonio Gómez-Caamaño
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Laura Fachal
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago De Compostela, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Spain
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
- Fundación Pública Galega Medicina Xenómica, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Barry S. Rosenstein
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sarah L. Kerns
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Harry Ostrer
- Professor of Pathology and Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Manuel R. Teixeira
- Department of Laboratory Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
- Cancer Genetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP) / RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
- School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Paulo
- Cancer Genetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP) / RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Brandão
- Cancer Genetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP) / RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
| | | | | | - Jeannette T. Bensen
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ebonee N. Butler
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - James L. Mohler
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Urology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jack A. Taylor
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
- Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Trinidad Dierssen-Sotos
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- University of Cantabria-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - Gemma Castaño-Vinyals
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lisa Cannon-Albright
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Craig C. Teerlink
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Chad D. Huff
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Patrick Pilie
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yao Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ryan J. Bohlender
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jian Gu
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sara S. Strom
- The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Luc Multigner
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail), Rennes, France
| | - Pascal Blanchet
- CHU de Pointe-à-Pitre, Univ Antilles, Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail), Pointe-à-Pitre, France
| | - Laurent Brureau
- CHU de Pointe-à-Pitre, Univ Antilles, Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail), Pointe-à-Pitre, France
| | - Radka Kaneva
- Molecular Medicine Center, Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Chavdar Slavov
- Department of Urology and Alexandrovska University Hospital, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Vanio Mitev
- Molecular Medicine Center, Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Robin J. Leach
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy and Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xuechen Chen
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Ben Schöttker
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Eric A. Klein
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ann W. Hsing
- Department of Medicine and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Adam B. Murphy
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Christopher J. Logothetis
- The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jeri Kim
- The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Susan L. Neuhausen
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Linda Steele
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Yuan Chun Ding
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - William B. Isaacs
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital and Medical Institution, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Barbara Nemesure
- Department of Family, Population and Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Anselm J.M. Hennis
- Department of Family, Population and Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Chronic Disease Research Centre and Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Bridgetown, Barbados
| | - John Carpten
- Department of Translational Genomics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Kim De Ruyck
- Ghent University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Basic Medical Sciences, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Gert De Meerleer
- Ghent University Hospital, Department of Radiotherapy, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Piet Ost
- Ghent University Hospital, Department of Radiotherapy, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care and Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Azad Razack
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jasmine Lim
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Soo-Hwang Teo
- Cancer Research Malaysia (CRM), Outpatient Centre, Subang Jaya Medical Centre, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Lisa F. Newcomb
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Daniel W. Lin
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jay H. Fowke
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Division of Epidemiology,The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | - Benjamin A. Rybicki
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Marija Gamulin
- Division of Medical Oncology, Urogenital Unit, Department of Oncology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Davor Lessel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tomislav Kulis
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nawaid Usmani
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Aswin Abraham
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sandeep Singhal
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Matthew Parliament
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Frank Claessens
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Steven Joniau
- Department of Urology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thomas Van den Broeck
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Urology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Manuela Gago-Dominguez
- Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saúde, SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- University of California San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jose Esteban Castelao
- Genetic Oncology Unit, CHUVI Hospital, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Galicia Sur (IISGS), Vigo (Pontevedra), Spain
| | - Maria Elena Martinez
- University of California San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Samantha Larkin
- Scientific Education Support, Thames Ditton, Surrey, Formerly Cancer Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Paul A. Townsend
- School of Biosciences and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Surrey, UK
| | | | - William S. Bush
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Melinda C. Aldrich
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Dana C. Crawford
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Shiv Srivastava
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jennifer Cullen
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Surgery, Center for Prostate Disease Research,Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gyorgy Petrovics
- Department of Surgery, Center for Prostate Disease Research,Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Graham Casey
- Department of Public Health Science, Center for Public Health Genomics,University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Kennesaw, GA, USA
| | - Yao Tettey
- Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Pathology, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Joseph Lachance
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Wei Tang
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Andrew A. Adjei
- Department of Pathology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
| | - Evelyn Tay
- Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana
| | | | | | - Kosj Yamoah
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | | | | | - Jacob M. Keaton
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jacklyn N. Hellwege
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Peter E. Clark
- Atrium Health/Levine Cancer Institute, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | - Olufemi Ogunbiyi
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olayiwola Shittu
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan and Univerity College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olukemi Amodu
- Institute of Child Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan and University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Akindele O. Adebiyi
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Oseremen I. Aisuodionoe-Shadrach
- College of Health Sciences, University of Abuja, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital and Cancer Science Center, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Hafees O. Ajibola
- College of Health Sciences, University of Abuja, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital and Cancer Science Center, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Mustapha A. Jamda
- College of Health Sciences, University of Abuja, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital and Cancer Science Center, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Olabode P. Oluwole
- College of Health Sciences, University of Abuja, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital and Cancer Science Center, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Maxwell Nwegbu
- College of Health Sciences, University of Abuja, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital and Cancer Science Center, Abuja, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | - Halimatou Diop
- Laboratoires Bacteriologie et Virologie, Hôpital Aristide Le Dantec, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Susan M. Gundell
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Monique J. Roobol
- Department of Urology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Guido Jenster
- Department of Urology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ron H.N. van Schaik
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jennifer J. Hu
- The University of Miami School of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Maureen Sanderson
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Linda Kachuri
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Rohit Varma
- Southern California Eye Institute, CHA Hollywood Presbyterian Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Roberta McKean-Cowdin
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine,University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mina Torres
- Southern California Eye Institute, CHA Hollywood Presbyterian Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael H. Preuss
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine,Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ruth J.F. Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine,Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew Zawistowski
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sebastian Zöllner
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Zeyun Lu
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine,University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Douglas F. Easton
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology,, Cambridge, UK
| | - Stefan Ambs
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Todd L. Edwards
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Timothy R. Rebbeck
- Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health and Division of Population Sciences, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lars Fritsche
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Stephen J. Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sonja I. Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Fredrik Wiklund
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hidewaki Nakagawa
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center of Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - John S. Witte
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, CA, USA
- Departments of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - J. Michael Gaziano
- Division of Aging, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Nick Mancuso
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chikashi Terao
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
- Clinical Research Center, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
- The Department of Applied Genetics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Rosalind A. Eeles
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | | | - David V. Conti
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christopher A. Haiman
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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10
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Rebbeck T, Janivara R, Chen W, Hazra U, Baichoo S, Agalliu I, Kachambwa P, Simonti C, Brown L, Tambe S, Kim M, Harlemon M, Jalloh M, Muzondiwa D, Naidoo D, Ajayi O, Snyper N, Niang L, Diop H, Ndoye M, Mensah J, Darkwa-Abrahams A, Biritwum R, Adjei A, Adebiyi A, Shittu O, Ogunbiyi O, Adebayo S, Nwegbu M, Ajibola H, Oluwole O, Jamda M, Pentz A, Haiman C, Spies P, Van der Merwe A, Cook M, Chanock SJ, Berndt SI, Watya S, Lubwama A, Muchengeti M, Doherty S, Smyth N, Lounsbury D, Fortier B, Rohan T, Jacobson J, Neugut A, Hsing A, Gusev A, Aisuodionoe-Shadrach O, Joffe M, Adusei B, Gueye S, Fernandez P, McBride J, Andrews C, Petersen L, Lachance J. Heterogeneous genetic architectures and evolutionary genomics of prostate cancer in Sub-Saharan Africa. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3378303. [PMID: 37886553 PMCID: PMC10602179 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3378303/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Men of African descent have the highest prostate cancer (CaP) incidence and mortality rates, yet the genetic basis of CaP in African men has been understudied. We used genomic data from 3,963 CaP cases and 3,509 controls recruited in Ghana, Nigeria, Senegal, South Africa, and Uganda, to infer ancestry-specific genetic architectures and fine-mapped disease associations. Fifteen independent associations at 8q24.21, 6q22.1, and 11q13.3 reached genome-wide significance, including four novel associations. Intriguingly, multiple lead SNPs are private alleles, a pattern arising from recent mutations and the out-of-Africa bottleneck. These African-specific alleles contribute to haplotypes with odds ratios above 2.4. We found that the genetic architecture of CaP differs across Africa, with effect size differences contributing more to this heterogeneity than allele frequency differences. Population genetic analyses reveal that African CaP associations are largely governed by neutral evolution. Collectively, our findings emphasize the utility of conducting genetic studies that use diverse populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Maxwell Nwegbu
- University of Abuja Teaching Hospital and Cancer Science Center
| | - Hafees Ajibola
- University of Abuja Teaching Hospital and Cancer Science Center
| | - Olabode Oluwole
- University of Abuja and University of Abuja Teaching Hospital
| | - Mustapha Jamda
- University of Abuja Teaching Hospital and Cancer Science Center
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sonja I Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda
| | | | | | - Mazvita Muchengeti
- National Institute for Communicable Diseases a Division of the National Health Laboratory Service
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ann Hsing
- Stanford University School of Medicine
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jo McBride
- Centre for Proteomic and Genomic Research
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11
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Thomas M, Su YR, Rosenthal EA, Sakoda LC, Schmit SL, Timofeeva MN, Chen Z, Fernandez-Rozadilla C, Law PJ, Murphy N, Carreras-Torres R, Diez-Obrero V, van Duijnhoven FJB, Jiang S, Shin A, Wolk A, Phipps AI, Burnett-Hartman A, Gsur A, Chan AT, Zauber AG, Wu AH, Lindblom A, Um CY, Tangen CM, Gignoux C, Newton C, Haiman CA, Qu C, Bishop DT, Buchanan DD, Crosslin DR, Conti DV, Kim DH, Hauser E, White E, Siegel E, Schumacher FR, Rennert G, Giles GG, Hampel H, Brenner H, Oze I, Oh JH, Lee JK, Schneider JL, Chang-Claude J, Kim J, Huyghe JR, Zheng J, Hampe J, Greenson J, Hopper JL, Palmer JR, Visvanathan K, Matsuo K, Matsuda K, Jung KJ, Li L, Le Marchand L, Vodickova L, Bujanda L, Gunter MJ, Matejcic M, Jenkins MA, Slattery ML, D'Amato M, Wang M, Hoffmeister M, Woods MO, Kim M, Song M, Iwasaki M, Du M, Udaltsova N, Sawada N, Vodicka P, Campbell PT, Newcomb PA, Cai Q, Pearlman R, Pai RK, Schoen RE, Steinfelder RS, Haile RW, Vandenputtelaar R, Prentice RL, Küry S, Castellví-Bel S, Tsugane S, Berndt SI, Lee SC, Brezina S, Weinstein SJ, Chanock SJ, Jee SH, Kweon SS, Vadaparampil S, Harrison TA, Yamaji T, Keku TO, Vymetalkova V, Arndt V, Jia WH, Shu XO, Lin Y, Ahn YO, Stadler ZK, Van Guelpen B, Ulrich CM, Platz EA, Potter JD, Li CI, Meester R, Moreno V, Figueiredo JC, Casey G, Lansdorp Vogelaar I, Dunlop MG, Gruber SB, Hayes RB, Pharoah PDP, Houlston RS, Jarvik GP, Tomlinson IP, Zheng W, Corley DA, Peters U, Hsu L. Combining Asian and European genome-wide association studies of colorectal cancer improves risk prediction across racial and ethnic populations. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6147. [PMID: 37783704 PMCID: PMC10545678 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41819-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Polygenic risk scores (PRS) have great potential to guide precision colorectal cancer (CRC) prevention by identifying those at higher risk to undertake targeted screening. However, current PRS using European ancestry data have sub-optimal performance in non-European ancestry populations, limiting their utility among these populations. Towards addressing this deficiency, we expand PRS development for CRC by incorporating Asian ancestry data (21,731 cases; 47,444 controls) into European ancestry training datasets (78,473 cases; 107,143 controls). The AUC estimates (95% CI) of PRS are 0.63(0.62-0.64), 0.59(0.57-0.61), 0.62(0.60-0.63), and 0.65(0.63-0.66) in independent datasets including 1681-3651 cases and 8696-115,105 controls of Asian, Black/African American, Latinx/Hispanic, and non-Hispanic White, respectively. They are significantly better than the European-centric PRS in all four major US racial and ethnic groups (p-values < 0.05). Further inclusion of non-European ancestry populations, especially Black/African American and Latinx/Hispanic, is needed to improve the risk prediction and enhance equity in applying PRS in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minta Thomas
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Yu-Ru Su
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Biostatistics Division, Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, USA
| | - Elisabeth A Rosenthal
- Department of Medicine (Medical Genetics), University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Lori C Sakoda
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Stephanie L Schmit
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Population and Cancer Prevention Program, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, USA
| | - Maria N Timofeeva
- Danish Institute for Advanced Study (DIAS), Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Colon Cancer Genetics Group, Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, U, Germany
| | - Zhishan Chen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ceres Fernandez-Rozadilla
- Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Choupana sn, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Genomics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Philip J Law
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Reseach, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Neil Murphy
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Robert Carreras-Torres
- Digestive Diseases and Microbiota Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Salt, 17190, Girona, Spain
| | - Virginia Diez-Obrero
- Unit of Biomarkers and Susceptibility, Oncology Data Analytics Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, 08908, Spain
- Colorectal Cancer Group, ONCOBELL Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, 08908, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08908, Spain
| | | | - Shangqing Jiang
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Aesun Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Amanda I Phipps
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Andrea Gsur
- .Center for Cancer Research, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ann G Zauber
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anna H Wu
- University of Southern California, Preventative Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Annika Lindblom
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Caroline Y Um
- Department of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Catherine M Tangen
- SWOG Statistical Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Chris Gignoux
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Christina Newton
- Department of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Conghui Qu
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - D Timothy Bishop
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Daniel D Buchanan
- Colorectal Oncogenomics Group, Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3000, Australia
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC, 3000, Australia
- Genomic Medicine and Family Cancer Clinic, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - David R Crosslin
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Education, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - David V Conti
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Okcheon-dong, South Korea
| | - Elizabeth Hauser
- VA Cooperative Studies Program Epidemiology Center, Durham Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Emily White
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Erin Siegel
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Fredrick R Schumacher
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Gad Rennert
- Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Graham G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Heather Hampel
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Isao Oze
- .Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Jae Hwan Oh
- .Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea, South Korea
| | - Jeffrey K Lee
- .Department of Gastroenterology, Kaiser Permanente San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA
| | | | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, University Cancer Centre Hamburg (UCCH), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jeongseon Kim
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Jeroen R Huyghe
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Jiayin Zheng
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Jochen Hampe
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden), Dresden, Germany
| | - Joel Greenson
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA
| | - John L Hopper
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Julie R Palmer
- Slone Epidemiology Center, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kala Visvanathan
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Laboratory of Clinical Genome Sequencing, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keum Ji Jung
- Institute for Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Li Li
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | | | - Ludmila Vodickova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Center in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Luis Bujanda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | | | - Mark A Jenkins
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC, 3000, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Martha L Slattery
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Mauro D'Amato
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University, Camassima, Italy
- Gastrointestinal Genetics Lab, CIC bioGUNE-BRTA, Derio, Spain
| | - Meilin Wang
- Department of Environmental Genomics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Michael Hoffmeister
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael O Woods
- Memorial University of Newfoundland, Discipline of Genetics, St. John's, Canada
| | - Michelle Kim
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Mingyang Song
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Departments of Epidemiology and Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Motoki Iwasaki
- Division of Epidemiology, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mulong Du
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Natalia Udaltsova
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Norie Sawada
- Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Pavel Vodicka
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Peter T Campbell
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Polly A Newcomb
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Rachel Pearlman
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rish K Pai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Robert E Schoen
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Robert S Steinfelder
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Robert W Haile
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, CEDARS-SINAI, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rosita Vandenputtelaar
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ross L Prentice
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Sébastien Küry
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Service de Génétique Médicale, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Sergi Castellví-Bel
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sonja I Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Soo Chin Lee
- National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Stefanie Brezina
- .Center for Cancer Research, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stephanie J Weinstein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sun Ha Jee
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun-Seog Kweon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
- Jeonnam Regional Cancer Center, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Susan Vadaparampil
- Departments of Epidemiology and Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tabitha A Harrison
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Taiki Yamaji
- Division of Epidemiology, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Temitope O Keku
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Veronika Vymetalkova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Volker Arndt
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wei-Hua Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yi Lin
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Yoon-Ok Ahn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Zsofia K Stadler
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bethany Van Guelpen
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Cornelia M Ulrich
- Huntsman Cancer Institute and Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Platz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - John D Potter
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Christopher I Li
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Reinier Meester
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Victor Moreno
- Oncology Data Analytics Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- ONCOBEL Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jane C Figueiredo
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Graham Casey
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Iris Lansdorp Vogelaar
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Malcolm G Dunlop
- Colon Cancer Genetics Group, Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, U, Germany
| | - Stephen B Gruber
- Department of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Richard B Hayes
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul D P Pharoah
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Richard S Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Reseach, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Gail P Jarvik
- Department of Medicine (Medical Genetics), University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Ian P Tomlinson
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Genomics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Douglas A Corley
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kaiser Permanente Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Li Hsu
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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12
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Ito S, Liu X, Ishikawa Y, Conti DD, Otomo N, Kote-Jarai Z, Suetsugu H, Eeles RA, Koike Y, Hikino K, Yoshino S, Tomizuka K, Horikoshi M, Ito K, Uchio Y, Momozawa Y, Kubo M, Kamatani Y, Matsuda K, Haiman CA, Ikegawa S, Nakagawa H, Terao C. Androgen receptor binding sites enabling genetic prediction of mortality due to prostate cancer in cancer-free subjects. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4863. [PMID: 37612283 PMCID: PMC10447511 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39858-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PrCa) is the second most common cancer worldwide in males. While strongly warranted, the prediction of mortality risk due to PrCa, especially before its development, is challenging. Here, we address this issue by maximizing the statistical power of genetic data with multi-ancestry meta-analysis and focusing on binding sites of the androgen receptor (AR), which has a critical role in PrCa. Taking advantage of large Japanese samples ever, a multi-ancestry meta-analysis comprising more than 300,000 subjects in total identifies 9 unreported loci including ZFHX3, a tumor suppressor gene, and successfully narrows down the statistically finemapped variants compared to European-only studies, and these variants strongly enrich in AR binding sites. A polygenic risk scores (PRS) analysis restricting to statistically finemapped variants in AR binding sites shows among cancer-free subjects, individuals with a PRS in the top 10% have a strongly higher risk of the future death of PrCa (HR: 5.57, P = 4.2 × 10-10). Our findings demonstrate the potential utility of leveraging large-scale genetic data and advanced analytical methods in predicting the mortality of PrCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuji Ito
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, The Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Yokohama, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, The Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan
| | - Xiaoxi Liu
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, The Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuki Ishikawa
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, The Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Yokohama, Japan
| | - David D Conti
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nao Otomo
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, The Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Hiroyuki Suetsugu
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, The Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Rosalind A Eeles
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Yoshinao Koike
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, The Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Keiko Hikino
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, The Laboratory for Pharmacogenomics, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Soichiro Yoshino
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, The Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kohei Tomizuka
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, The Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Momoko Horikoshi
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, The Laboratory for Genomics of Diabetes and Metabolism, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kaoru Ito
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, The Cardiovascular Genomics and Informatics, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuji Uchio
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan
| | - Yukihide Momozawa
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, The Laboratory for Genotyping Development, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory of Complex Trait Genomics, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Laboratory of Genome Technology, Human Genome Center, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Laboratory of Clinical Genome Sequencing, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shiro Ikegawa
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, The Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hidewaki Nakagawa
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Chikashi Terao
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, The Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, Yokohama, Japan.
- Shizuoka General Hospital, The Clinical Research Center, Shizuoka, Japan.
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, The Department of Applied Genetics, Shizuoka, Japan.
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13
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Bergengren O, Pekala KR, Matsoukas K, Fainberg J, Mungovan SF, Bratt O, Bray F, Brawley O, Luckenbaugh AN, Mucci L, Morgan TM, Carlsson SV. 2022 Update on Prostate Cancer Epidemiology and Risk Factors-A Systematic Review. Eur Urol 2023; 84:191-206. [PMID: 37202314 PMCID: PMC10851915 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2023.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Understanding the epidemiology and risk factors of the disease is paramount to improve primary and secondary prevention strategies. OBJECTIVE To systematically review and summarize the current evidence on the descriptive epidemiology, large screening studies, diagnostic techniques, and risk factors of PCa. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION PCa incidence and mortality rates for 2020 were obtained from the GLOBOCAN database of the International Agency for Research on Cancer. A systematic search was performed in July 2022 using PubMed/MEDLINE and EMBASE biomedical databases. The review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022359728). EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Globally, PCa is the second most common cancer, with the highest incidence in North and South America, Europe, Australia, and the Caribbean. Risk factors include age, family history, and genetic predisposition. Additional factors may include smoking, diet, physical activity, specific medications, and occupational factors. As PCa screening has become more accepted, newer approaches such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and biomarkers have been implemented to identify patients who are likely to harbor significant tumors. Limitations of this review include the evidence being derived from meta-analyses of mostly retrospective studies. CONCLUSIONS PCa remains the second most common cancer among men worldwide. PCa screening is gaining acceptance and will likely reduce PCa mortality at the cost of overdiagnosis and overtreatment. Increasing use of MRI and biomarkers for the detection of PCa may mitigate some of the negative consequences of screening. PATIENT SUMMARY Prostate cancer (PCa) remains the second most common cancer among men, and screening for PCa is likely to increase in the future. Improved diagnostic techniques can help reduce the number of men who need to be diagnosed and treated to save one life. Avoidable risk factors for PCa may include factors such as smoking, diet, physical activity, specific medications, and certain occupations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oskar Bergengren
- Department of Surgery (Urology Service), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Kelly R Pekala
- Department of Surgery (Urology Service), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Jonathan Fainberg
- Department of Surgery (Urology Service), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sean F Mungovan
- Westmead Private Physiotherapy Services and The Clinical Research Institute, Westmead Private Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ola Bratt
- Department of Urology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Freddie Bray
- Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Otis Brawley
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Lorelei Mucci
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Todd M Morgan
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sigrid V Carlsson
- Department of Surgery (Urology Service), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Urology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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14
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Darst BF, Shen J, Madduri RK, Rodriguez AA, Xiao Y, Sheng X, Saunders EJ, Dadaev T, Brook MN, Hoffmann TJ, Muir K, Wan P, Le Marchand L, Wilkens L, Wang Y, Schleutker J, MacInnis RJ, Cybulski C, Neal DE, Nordestgaard BG, Nielsen SF, Batra J, Clements JA, Cancer BioResource AP, Grönberg H, Pashayan N, Travis RC, Park JY, Albanes D, Weinstein S, Mucci LA, Hunter DJ, Penney KL, Tangen CM, Hamilton RJ, Parent MÉ, Stanford JL, Koutros S, Wolk A, Sørensen KD, Blot WJ, Yeboah ED, Mensah JE, Lu YJ, Schaid DJ, Thibodeau SN, West CM, Maier C, Kibel AS, Cancel-Tassin G, Menegaux F, John EM, Grindedal EM, Khaw KT, Ingles SA, Vega A, Rosenstein BS, Teixeira MR, Kogevinas M, Cannon-Albright L, Huff C, Multigner L, Kaneva R, Leach RJ, Brenner H, Hsing AW, Kittles RA, Murphy AB, Logothetis CJ, Neuhausen SL, Isaacs WB, Nemesure B, Hennis AJ, Carpten J, Pandha H, De Ruyck K, Xu J, Razack A, Teo SH, Newcomb LF, Fowke JH, Neslund-Dudas C, Rybicki BA, Gamulin M, Usmani N, Claessens F, Gago-Dominguez M, Castelao JE, Townsend PA, Crawford DC, Petrovics G, Casey G, Roobol MJ, Hu JF, Berndt SI, Van Den Eeden SK, Easton DF, Chanock SJ, Cook MB, Wiklund F, Witte JS, Eeles RA, Kote-Jarai Z, Watya S, Gaziano JM, Justice AC, Conti DV, Haiman CA. Evaluating approaches for constructing polygenic risk scores for prostate cancer in men of African and European ancestry. Am J Hum Genet 2023; 110:1200-1206. [PMID: 37311464 PMCID: PMC10357473 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2023.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide polygenic risk scores (GW-PRSs) have been reported to have better predictive ability than PRSs based on genome-wide significance thresholds across numerous traits. We compared the predictive ability of several GW-PRS approaches to a recently developed PRS of 269 established prostate cancer-risk variants from multi-ancestry GWASs and fine-mapping studies (PRS269). GW-PRS models were trained with a large and diverse prostate cancer GWAS of 107,247 cases and 127,006 controls that we previously used to develop the multi-ancestry PRS269. Resulting models were independently tested in 1,586 cases and 1,047 controls of African ancestry from the California Uganda Study and 8,046 cases and 191,825 controls of European ancestry from the UK Biobank and further validated in 13,643 cases and 210,214 controls of European ancestry and 6,353 cases and 53,362 controls of African ancestry from the Million Veteran Program. In the testing data, the best performing GW-PRS approach had AUCs of 0.656 (95% CI = 0.635-0.677) in African and 0.844 (95% CI = 0.840-0.848) in European ancestry men and corresponding prostate cancer ORs of 1.83 (95% CI = 1.67-2.00) and 2.19 (95% CI = 2.14-2.25), respectively, for each SD unit increase in the GW-PRS. Compared to the GW-PRS, in African and European ancestry men, the PRS269 had larger or similar AUCs (AUC = 0.679, 95% CI = 0.659-0.700 and AUC = 0.845, 95% CI = 0.841-0.849, respectively) and comparable prostate cancer ORs (OR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.87-2.26 and OR = 2.21, 95% CI = 2.16-2.26, respectively). Findings were similar in the validation studies. This investigation suggests that current GW-PRS approaches may not improve the ability to predict prostate cancer risk compared to the PRS269 developed from multi-ancestry GWASs and fine-mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu F Darst
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Jiayi Shen
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Yukai Xiao
- Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Xin Sheng
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Thomas J Hoffmann
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kenneth Muir
- Division of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Peggy Wan
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Lynne Wilkens
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Robert J MacInnis
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, VIC, Australia
| | - Cezary Cybulski
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - David E Neal
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, UK; University of Cambridge, Department of Oncology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK; Cancer Research UK, Cambridge Research Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Børge G Nordestgaard
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Sune F Nielsen
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Jyotsna Batra
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Qld, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Judith A Clements
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Qld, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Australian Prostate Cancer BioResource
- Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Qld, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Prostate Cancer Research Program, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Dame Roma Mitchell Cancer Centre, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Chris O'Brien Lifehouse and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Henrik Grönberg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nora Pashayan
- University College London, Department of Applied Health Research, London, UK; Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ruth C Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jong Y Park
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stephanie Weinstein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lorelei A Mucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David J Hunter
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kathryn L Penney
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Catherine M Tangen
- SWOG Statistical Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Robert J Hamilton
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Surgery (Urology), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marie-Élise Parent
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Laval, QC, Canada; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Janet L Stanford
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stella Koutros
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Division of Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karina D Sørensen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - William J Blot
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Edward D Yeboah
- University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana; Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana
| | - James E Mensah
- University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana; Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana
| | - Yong-Jie Lu
- Centre for Biomarkers and Biotherapeutics, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, London, UK
| | - Daniel J Schaid
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Stephen N Thibodeau
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Catharine M West
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Radiotherapy Related Research, The Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Adam S Kibel
- Division of Urologic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Géraldine Cancel-Tassin
- CeRePP, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universite, GRC 5 Predictive Onco-urology, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Florence Menegaux
- "Exposome and Heredity", CESP (UMR 1018), Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Esther M John
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Clinical Gerontology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sue A Ingles
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ana Vega
- Fundación Pública Galega Medicina Xenómica, Santiago De Compostela, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago De Compostela, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Barry S Rosenstein
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Manuel R Teixeira
- Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), Porto, Portugal; Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lisa Cannon-Albright
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Chad Huff
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Luc Multigner
- University Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail), Rennes, France
| | - Radka Kaneva
- Molecular Medicine Center, Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Robin J Leach
- Department of Urology, Cancer Therapy and Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ann W Hsing
- Department of Medicine and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Rick A Kittles
- Division of Health Equities, Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Adam B Murphy
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Christopher J Logothetis
- The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Susan L Neuhausen
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - William B Isaacs
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital and Medical Institution, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Barbara Nemesure
- Department of Family, Population and Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Anselm J Hennis
- Department of Family, Population and Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA; Chronic Disease Research Centre and Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Bridgetown, Barbados
| | - John Carpten
- Department of Translational Genomics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hardev Pandha
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK
| | - Kim De Ruyck
- Ghent University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Basic Medical Sciences, Gent, Belgium
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care and Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Azad Razack
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Soo-Hwang Teo
- Cancer Research Malaysia (CRM), Outpatient Centre, Subang Jaya Medical Centre, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Lisa F Newcomb
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jay H Fowke
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | - Benjamin A Rybicki
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Marija Gamulin
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nawaid Usmani
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Division of Radiation Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Frank Claessens
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Manuela Gago-Dominguez
- Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Servicio Galego de Saúde, SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; University of California San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jose Esteban Castelao
- Genetic Oncology Unit, CHUVI Hospital, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Galicia Sur (IISGS), Vigo (Pontevedra), Spain
| | - Paul A Townsend
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Health Innovation Manchester, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; The University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK
| | - Dana C Crawford
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Institute for Computational Biology, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Gyorgy Petrovics
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Graham Casey
- Center for Public Health Genomics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Monique J Roobol
- 109 Department of Urology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jennifer F Hu
- The University of Miami School of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Sonja I Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stephen K Van Den Eeden
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA; Department of Urology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael B Cook
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Fredrik Wiklund
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John S Witte
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Rosalind A Eeles
- The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, London, UK; Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Stephen Watya
- School of Public Health, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
| | - John M Gaziano
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amy C Justice
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA; Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - David V Conti
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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15
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Chen F, Madduri RK, Rodriguez AA, Darst BF, Chou A, Sheng X, Wang A, Shen J, Saunders EJ, Rhie SK, Bensen JT, Ingles SA, Kittles RA, Strom SS, Rybicki BA, Nemesure B, Isaacs WB, Stanford JL, Zheng W, Sanderson M, John EM, Park JY, Xu J, Wang Y, Berndt SI, Huff CD, Yeboah ED, Tettey Y, Lachance J, Tang W, Rentsch CT, Cho K, Mcmahon BH, Biritwum RB, Adjei AA, Tay E, Truelove A, Niwa S, Sellers TA, Yamoah K, Murphy AB, Crawford DC, Patel AV, Bush WS, Aldrich MC, Cussenot O, Petrovics G, Cullen J, Neslund-Dudas CM, Stern MC, Kote-Jarai Z, Govindasami K, Cook MB, Chokkalingam AP, Hsing AW, Goodman PJ, Hoffmann TJ, Drake BF, Hu JJ, Keaton JM, Hellwege JN, Clark PE, Jalloh M, Gueye SM, Niang L, Ogunbiyi O, Idowu MO, Popoola O, Adebiyi AO, Aisuodionoe-Shadrach OI, Ajibola HO, Jamda MA, Oluwole OP, Nwegbu M, Adusei B, Mante S, Darkwa-Abrahams A, Mensah JE, Diop H, Van Den Eeden SK, Blanchet P, Fowke JH, Casey G, Hennis AJ, Lubwama A, Thompson IM, Leach R, Easton DF, Preuss MH, Loos RJ, Gundell SM, Wan P, Mohler JL, Fontham ET, Smith GJ, Taylor JA, Srivastava S, Eeles RA, Carpten JD, Kibel AS, Multigner L, Parent MÉ, Menegaux F, Cancel-Tassin G, Klein EA, Andrews C, Rebbeck TR, Brureau L, Ambs S, Edwards TL, Watya S, Chanock SJ, Witte JS, Blot WJ, Michael Gaziano J, Justice AC, Conti DV, Haiman CA. Evidence of Novel Susceptibility Variants for Prostate Cancer and a Multiancestry Polygenic Risk Score Associated with Aggressive Disease in Men of African Ancestry. Eur Urol 2023; 84:13-21. [PMID: 36872133 PMCID: PMC10424812 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2023.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic factors play an important role in prostate cancer (PCa) susceptibility. OBJECTIVE To discover common genetic variants contributing to the risk of PCa in men of African ancestry. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS We conducted a meta-analysis of ten genome-wide association studies consisting of 19378 cases and 61620 controls of African ancestry. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Common genotyped and imputed variants were tested for their association with PCa risk. Novel susceptibility loci were identified and incorporated into a multiancestry polygenic risk score (PRS). The PRS was evaluated for associations with PCa risk and disease aggressiveness. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS Nine novel susceptibility loci for PCa were identified, of which seven were only found or substantially more common in men of African ancestry, including an African-specific stop-gain variant in the prostate-specific gene anoctamin 7 (ANO7). A multiancestry PRS of 278 risk variants conferred strong associations with PCa risk in African ancestry studies (odds ratios [ORs] >3 and >5 for men in the top PRS decile and percentile, respectively). More importantly, compared with men in the 40-60% PRS category, men in the top PRS decile had a significantly higher risk of aggressive PCa (OR = 1.23, 95% confidence interval = 1.10-1.38, p = 4.4 × 10-4). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the importance of large-scale genetic studies in men of African ancestry for a better understanding of PCa susceptibility in this high-risk population and suggests a potential clinical utility of PRS in differentiating between the risks of developing aggressive and nonaggressive disease in men of African ancestry. PATIENT SUMMARY In this large genetic study in men of African ancestry, we discovered nine novel prostate cancer (PCa) risk variants. We also showed that a multiancestry polygenic risk score was effective in stratifying PCa risk, and was able to differentiate risk of aggressive and nonaggressive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Chen
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Burcu F Darst
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alisha Chou
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xin Sheng
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anqi Wang
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jiayi Shen
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Suhn K Rhie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jeannette T Bensen
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sue A Ingles
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rick A Kittles
- Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Sara S Strom
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Benjamin A Rybicki
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Barbara Nemesure
- Department of Family, Population and Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - William B Isaacs
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital and Medical Institution, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Janet L Stanford
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Maureen Sanderson
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Esther M John
- Department of Medicine, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jong Y Park
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care and Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Kennesaw, GA, USA
| | - Sonja I Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chad D Huff
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Yao Tettey
- Department of Pathology, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana; Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana
| | - Joseph Lachance
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Wei Tang
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christopher T Rentsch
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA; Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Kelly Cho
- Division of Aging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; VA Boston Healthcare System, Jamaica Plain, MA, USA
| | - Benjamin H Mcmahon
- Theoretical Biology Division, Los Alamos National Lab, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | | | - Andrew A Adjei
- Department of Pathology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
| | - Evelyn Tay
- Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana
| | | | | | - Thomas A Sellers
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Kosj Yamoah
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Adam B Murphy
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dana C Crawford
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Alpa V Patel
- Department of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Kennesaw, GA, USA
| | - William S Bush
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Melinda C Aldrich
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Olivier Cussenot
- Department of Urology and Predictive Onco-Urology Group, Sorbonne Université, GRC 5 Predictive Onco-Urology, APHP-Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; CeRePP, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Gyorgy Petrovics
- Department of Surgery, Center for Prostate Disease Research, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jennifer Cullen
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Surgery, Center for Prostate Disease Research, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Mariana C Stern
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Michael B Cook
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Ann W Hsing
- Department of Medicine, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Phyllis J Goodman
- SWOG Statistical Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Thomas J Hoffmann
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bettina F Drake
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jennifer J Hu
- The University of Miami School of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jacob M Keaton
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jacklyn N Hellwege
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Peter E Clark
- Atrium Health/Levine Cancer Institute, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | - Olufemi Ogunbiyi
- College of Medicine, University of Ibadan and University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Michael O Idowu
- College of Medicine, University of Ibadan and University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olufemi Popoola
- College of Medicine, University of Ibadan and University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Akindele O Adebiyi
- College of Medicine, University of Ibadan and University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Oseremen I Aisuodionoe-Shadrach
- College of Health Sciences, University of Abuja, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital and Cancer Science Center, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Hafees O Ajibola
- College of Health Sciences, University of Abuja, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital and Cancer Science Center, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Mustapha A Jamda
- College of Health Sciences, University of Abuja, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital and Cancer Science Center, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Olabode P Oluwole
- College of Health Sciences, University of Abuja, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital and Cancer Science Center, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Maxwell Nwegbu
- College of Health Sciences, University of Abuja, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital and Cancer Science Center, Abuja, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | | | - Halimatou Diop
- Laboratoires Bacteriologie et Virologie, Hôpital Aristide Le Dantec, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Stephen K Van Den Eeden
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA; Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Pascal Blanchet
- CHU de Pointe-à-Pitre, Univ Antilles, Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail), Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Jay H Fowke
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Division of Epidemiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Graham Casey
- Department of Public Health Science, Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Anselm J Hennis
- Department of Family, Population and Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | | | - Ian M Thompson
- CHRISTUS Santa Rosa Medical Center Hospital, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Robin Leach
- Department of Urology, Cancer Therapy and Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Michael H Preuss
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ruth J Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Susan M Gundell
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Peggy Wan
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - James L Mohler
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Urology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Elizabeth T Fontham
- School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Gary J Smith
- Department of Urology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jack A Taylor
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA; Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Shiv Srivastava
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Rosaline A Eeles
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK; Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - John D Carpten
- Department of Translational Genomics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Adam S Kibel
- Department of Urology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Luc Multigner
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail), Rennes, France
| | - Marie-Élise Parent
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Florence Menegaux
- Cancer & Environment Group, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), INSERM, University Paris-Sud, University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif Cédex, France; Paris-Sud University, Villejuif Cédex, France
| | - Geraldine Cancel-Tassin
- Department of Urology and Predictive Onco-Urology Group, Sorbonne Université, GRC 5 Predictive Onco-Urology, APHP-Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; CeRePP, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Eric A Klein
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Caroline Andrews
- Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health and Division of Population Sciences, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Timothy R Rebbeck
- Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health and Division of Population Sciences, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laurent Brureau
- CHU de Pointe-à-Pitre, Univ Antilles, Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail), Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Stefan Ambs
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Todd L Edwards
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - John S Witte
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - William J Blot
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - J Michael Gaziano
- Division of Aging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amy C Justice
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - David V Conti
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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16
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Park JK, Lu CY. Polygenic Scores in the Direct-to-Consumer Setting: Challenges and Opportunities for a New Era in Consumer Genetic Testing. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13040573. [PMID: 37108959 PMCID: PMC10144199 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13040573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Direct-to-consumer (DTC) genetic tests have generated considerable scholarly attention and public intrigue. Although the current consumer genetic testing regime relies on the reporting of individual variants of interest to consumers, there has recently been interest in the possibility of integrating polygenic scores (PGS), which aggregate genetic liability for disease across the entire genome. While PGS have thus far been extensively explored as clinical and public health tools, the use of PGS in consumer genetic testing has not yet received systematic attention, even though they are already in use for some consumer genetic tests. In this narrative review, we highlight the ethical, legal, and social implications of the use of PGS in DTC genetic tests and synthesize existing solutions to these concerns. We organize these concerns into three domains: (1) industry variation; (2) privacy and commercialization; and (3) patient safety and risk. While previously expressed concerns in these domains will remain relevant, the emergence of PGS-based DTC genetic tests raises challenges that will require novel approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin K Park
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Christine Y Lu
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Kolling Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney and the Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW 2077, Australia
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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17
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Hussain S, Yates C, Campbell MJ. Vitamin D and Systems Biology. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245197. [PMID: 36558356 PMCID: PMC9782494 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological actions of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) have been investigated intensively for over 100 years and has led to the identification of significant insights into the repertoire of its biological actions. These were initially established to be centered on the regulation of calcium transport in the colon and deposition in bone. Beyond these well-known calcemic roles, other roles have emerged in the regulation of cell differentiation processes and have an impact on metabolism. The purpose of the current review is to consider where applying systems biology (SB) approaches may begin to generate a more precise understanding of where the VDR is, and is not, biologically impactful. Two SB approaches have been developed and begun to reveal insight into VDR biological functions. In a top-down SB approach genome-wide scale data are statistically analyzed, and from which a role for the VDR emerges in terms of being a hub in a biological network. Such approaches have confirmed significant roles, for example, in myeloid differentiation and the control of inflammation and innate immunity. In a bottom-up SB approach, current biological understanding is built into a kinetic model which is then applied to existing biological data to explain the function and identify unknown behavior. To date, this has not been applied to the VDR, but has to the related ERα and identified previously unknown mechanisms of control. One arena where applying top-down and bottom-up SB approaches may be informative is in the setting of prostate cancer health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Hussain
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Clayton Yates
- Department of Biology and Center for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088, USA
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- Department of Oncology Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Moray J. Campbell
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Correspondence:
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