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Hu M, Scheffel J, Elieh-Ali-Komi D, Maurer M, Hawro T, Metz M. An update on mechanisms of pruritus and their potential treatment in primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:4177-4197. [PMID: 37555911 PMCID: PMC10725374 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01141-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL), which include mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS), are a group of lymphoproliferative disorders characterized by clonal accumulation of neoplastic T-lymphocytes in the skin. Severe pruritus, one of the most common and distressing symptoms in primary CTCL, can significantly impair emotional well-being, physical functioning, and interpersonal relationships, thus greatly reducing quality of life. Unfortunately, effectively managing pruritus remains challenging in CTCL patients as the underlying mechanisms are, as of yet, not fully understood. Previous studies investigating the mechanisms of itch in CTCL have identified several mediators and their corresponding antagonists used for treatment. However, a comprehensive overview of the mediators and receptors contributing to pruritus in primary CTCL is lacking in the current literature. Here, we summarize and review the mediators and receptors that may contribute to pruritus in primary CTCL to explore the mechanisms of CTCL pruritus and identify effective therapeutic targets using the PubMed and Web of Science databases. Studies were included if they described itch mediators and receptors in MF and SS. Overall, the available data suggest that proteases (mainly tryptase), and neuropeptides (particularly Substance P) may be of greatest interest. At the receptor level, cytokine receptors, MRGPRs, and TRP channels are most likely important. Future drug development efforts should concentrate on targeting these mediators and receptors for the treatment of CTCL pruritus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Hu
- Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 27, 12203, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Scheffel
- Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 27, 12203, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Elieh-Ali-Komi
- Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 27, 12203, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus Maurer
- Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 27, 12203, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tomasz Hawro
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, Institute and Comprehensive Center for Inflammation Medicine, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany.
| | - Martin Metz
- Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 27, 12203, Berlin, Germany.
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany.
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Evaluation of Cardiac Biomarkers and Expression Analysis of IL-1, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, and IL-25 among COVID-19 Patients from Pakistan. Viruses 2022; 14:v14102149. [PMID: 36298704 PMCID: PMC9610190 DOI: 10.3390/v14102149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is caused by viral infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Where upregulation of several important biomarkers and multiple organ dysfunction occurs, this study aimed to evaluate the association of cardiac biomarkers and CS induced acute lung damage with disease severity and mortality in survival of COVID-19 patients. A total of 500 COVID-19 patients with elevated cardiac biomarkers were studied for the analysis of myocardial abnormality through cardiac enzymes, inflammatory biomarkers, and the expression analysis of various cytokines, including IL-1, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, and IL-25 genes. The elevation of various cardiac enzymes including LDH (87%), CK (78.4%), TNI (80.4%), CK-MB (83%), and D-dimer (80.8%) were found correlated (p < 0.001) with COVID-19 infection. Cardiac enzyme elevation was highly associated with an increased level of inflammatory biomarkers such as CRP (14.2%), SAA (11.4%) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (7.8%) (p = 0.001 for all). The quantitative expression analysis of IL-10, 1L-17, and 1L-25 were found to be high, while those of IL-1 and IL-6 were moderately elevated. The death-to-live ratio of COVID-19 patients was 457:43 indicating that the patients having elevated levels of both CKMB, D-dimer, CK and IL-1, IL-6, IL-10 and D-dimer, Troponin, CK and IL-1, IL-10 had high fatality rate (73% and 12% respectively). The current finding concludes that the evaluation of cardiac biomarkers with cytokine storm plays a significant role in COVID-19-associated anatomical organ damage, myocardial injury, and mortality. Physicians should pay special attention to cardiac biomarkers in patients with old age, inflammation, and comorbidities among COVID-19 infections.
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Milne ME, Kimball J, Tarrant TK, Al-Rohil RN, Leverenz DL. The Role of T Helper Type 2 (Th2) Cytokines in the Pathogenesis of Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (eGPA): an Illustrative Case and Discussion. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2022; 22:141-150. [PMID: 36103081 PMCID: PMC9471022 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-022-01039-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Purposeof Review The pathogenesis of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (eGPA) is driven largely by CD4 + type 2 helper T cells (Th2), B cells, and eosinophils. Interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 are critical cytokines in Th2 cell–mediated inflammation; however, inhibition of IL-4 and IL-13 does not reduce serum eosinophil counts and has even been associated with hypereosinophilia. This review explores the role of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 in Th2-mediated inflammation to consider the potential clinical consequences of inhibiting these individual cytokines in eGPA. Recent Findings Treatments for eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (eGPA) are rapidly evolving through using biologic therapies to modulate the Th2 inflammatory response via eosinophil inhibition. While IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and IL-25 can all affect eosinophils, only IL-5 inhibition has demonstrated therapeutic benefit to-date. In this review, we report a clinical vignette of a patient with adult-onset asthma who developed severe manifestations of eGPA after switching from mepolizumab (an IL-5 inhibitor) to dupilumab (an inhibitor of IL-4 and IL-13). Summary By understanding the role of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 in Th2-mediated vasculitis, we can start to understand how eGPA might respond differently to focused cytokine inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Milne
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, 40 Duke Medicine Circle, Clinic 1J, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
| | - Jack Kimball
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Teresa K Tarrant
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, 40 Duke Medicine Circle, Clinic 1J, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | | | - David L Leverenz
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, 40 Duke Medicine Circle, Clinic 1J, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
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Wu J, Zhang F, Tao H, Nawaz W, Chen D, Wu Z. The potential roles of interleukin-25 in infectious diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:986118. [PMID: 36119076 PMCID: PMC9478665 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.986118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-25 (IL-25), also known as IL-17E, is a recently identified cytokine of the IL-17 family. Numerous studies illustrated that the expression of IL-25 is regulated by multiple pathogens, including parasitic, viral, and bacterial infections. IL-25 has a dual function in infectious diseases. On the one hand, IL-25 activates type 2 immunity via the relevant cytokines, including IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, which are associated with the development of pathogenic infection-related allergic diseases. On the other hand, IL-25 involves in the recruitment of group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) to enhanced T helper 2 (Th2) cell differentiation, which are important to the clearance of pathogens. However, the precise roles of IL-25 in infectious diseases remain largely unknown. Thus, the current review will shed light on the pivotal roles of IL-25 in infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- Center for Public Health Research, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Hongji Tao
- Center for Public Health Research, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Waqas Nawaz
- Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, School of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Deyan Chen
- Center for Public Health Research, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Deyan Chen, ; Zhiwei Wu,
| | - Zhiwei Wu
- Center for Public Health Research, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Deyan Chen, ; Zhiwei Wu,
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Mertowska P, Mertowski S, Smarz-Widelska I, Grywalska E. Biological Role, Mechanism of Action and the Importance of Interleukins in Kidney Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020647. [PMID: 35054831 PMCID: PMC8775480 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Each year, the number of patients who are diagnosed with kidney disease too late is increasing, which leads to permanent renal failure. This growing problem affects people of every age, sex and origin, and its full etiopathogenesis is not fully understood, although the involvement of genetic susceptibility, infections, immune disorders or high blood pressure is suggested. Difficulties in making a correct and quick diagnosis are caused by the lack of research on early molecular markers, as well as educational and preventive activities among the public, which leads to the late detection of kidney diseases. An important role in the homeostasis and disease progression, including kidney diseases, is attributed to interleukins, which perform several biological functions and interact with other cells and tissues of the body. The aim of this article was to systematize the knowledge about the biological functions performed by interleukins in humans and their involvement in kidney diseases development. In our work, we took into account the role of interleukins in acute and chronic kidney disease and kidney transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Mertowska
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodzki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (P.M.); (E.G.)
| | - Sebastian Mertowski
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodzki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (P.M.); (E.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Iwona Smarz-Widelska
- Department of Nephrology, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski Provincial Hospital in Lublin, Al. Kraśnicka Street, 20-718 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Ewelina Grywalska
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodzki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (P.M.); (E.G.)
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Evaluation of the effect of the interleukin-25 serum concentration on the intensity of the symptoms of atopic dermatitis and epidermal barrier. Postepy Dermatol Alergol 2021; 38:1071-1077. [PMID: 35126017 PMCID: PMC8802948 DOI: 10.5114/ada.2021.109686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Interleukin 25 (IL-25) is a cytokine with proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects, and its biological function of reciprocal epidermal hyperplasia and of inhibiting the filaggrin synthesis points to an essential role connecting the inflammatory process with damage to the epidermal barrier in the course of atopic dermatitis (AD). Aim To assess the IL-25 in serum concentration in AD patients and to analyse its possible correlation with the disease intensity and selected epidermal barrier parameters such as transepidermal water loss (TEWL). Material and methods The study involved 43 patients with AD and 22 healthy volunteers. The IL-25 concentration was measured using the ELISA method. The intensity of disease symptoms was investigated using W-AZS and EASI indicators. The epidermal barrier was evaluated using a Tewameter TM300 and Corneometer CM825. Results The concentration of IL-25 in serum was higher in the study group than in the control group. IL-25 serum concentration correlates with W-AZS/EASI in patients with a severe and moderate course of AD. The concentration of IL-25 affects the TEWL within the affected, evaluated skin surface. Conclusions An elevated IL-25 concentration in serum is characteristic for patients with moderate and severe AD intensity. The IL-25 concentration in serum correlates with TEWL and with the moisture level in the affected area. However, further studies are necessary to determine the role played by IL-25 in the course of the disease and how it affects the functional parameters of the epidermal barrier.
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Gowhari Shabgah A, Amir A, Gardanova ZR, Olegovna Zekiy A, Thangavelu L, Ebrahimi Nik M, Ahmadi M, Gholizadeh Navashenaq J. Interleukin-25: New perspective and state-of-the-art in cancer prognosis and treatment approaches. Cancer Med 2021; 10:5191-5202. [PMID: 34128588 PMCID: PMC8335817 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death which imposes a substantial financial burden. Among the several mechanisms involved in cancer progression, imbalance of immune cell-derived factors such as cytokines and chemokines plays a central role. IL-25, as a member of the IL-17 cytokine subfamily, exerts a paradoxical role in cancer, including tumor supportive and tumor suppressive. Hence, we have tried to clarify the role of IL-25 and its receptor in tumor progression and cancer prognosis. It has been confirmed that IL-25 exerts a tumor-suppressive role through inducing infiltration of eosinophils and B cells into the tumor microenvironment and activating the apoptotic pathways. In contrast, the tumor-supportive function has been implemented by activating inflammatory cascades, promoting cell cycle, and inducing type-2 immune responses. Since IL-25 has been dysregulated in tumor tissues and this dysregulation is involved in cancer development, its examination can be used as a tumor diagnostic and prognostic biomarker. Moreover, IL-25-based therapeutic approaches have shown promising results in cancer inhibition. In cancers in which IL-25 has a tumor-suppressive function, employing IL-25-enhancing approaches, such as Virulizin® and dihydrobenzofuran administration, has potentially inhibited tumor cell growth. On the other hand, in the case of IL-25-dependent tumor progression, using IL-25 blocking methods, including anti-IL-25 antibodies, might be a complementary approach to the other anticancer agent. Collectively, it is hoped, IL-25 might be a promising target in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Gowhari Shabgah
- School of MedicineBam University of Medical SciencesBamIran
- Student Research CommitteeBam University of Medical SciencesBamIran
| | - Azwar Amir
- Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital MakassarMakassarTamalanreaIndonesia
| | - Zhanna R. Gardanova
- Department of PsychotherapyPirogov Russian National Research Medical UniversityMoscowRussia
| | - Angelina Olegovna Zekiy
- Department of Prosthetic DentistrySechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityMoscowRussia
| | - Lakshmi Thangavelu
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of medical and Technical SciencesSaveetha UniversityChennaiIndia
| | - Maryam Ebrahimi Nik
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology InstituteMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Majid Ahmadi
- Stem Cell Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
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Hong H, Tan KS, Yan Y, Chen F, Ong HH, Oo Y, Liu J, Ong YK, Thong M, Sugrue R, Chow VT, Wang DY. Induction of IL-25 Expression in Human Nasal Polyp Epithelium by Influenza Virus Infection is Abated by Interferon-Alpha Pretreatment. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:2769-2780. [PMID: 34234504 PMCID: PMC8254189 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s304320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Epithelial cytokines including IL-25, IL-33 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TLSP) are recently established as drivers of type 2 chronic inflammatory diseases such as chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Here, we further confirmed the increased expression of IL-25 in CRSwNP and investigated potential contributors of IL-25 in CRSwNP epithelium. Methods Sixty CRSwNP, 25 CRSsNP and 15 healthy control tissues were examined for IL-25 expression and for the accompanying type 2 inflammatory cytokines. We then tested different respiratory virus infections on human nasal epithelial cells (hNECs) for their ability to trigger IL-25 expression. In addition, we subjected hNECs generated from CRSwNP tissues to pretreatment with recombinant interferon-alpha (IFN-α) prior to viral infection to evaluate IFN effects on IL-25 induction. Results We confirmed that significantly enhanced levels of IL-25 were observed in CRSwNP tissues, and that IL-25 expression correlated with type 2 inflammatory cytokine expression. In vitro, we observed significantly elevated IL-25 in hNECs infected with influenza A virus as early as 24 hours post-infection (hpi), regardless of tissue origin, and IL-25 correlated positively with viral load. While other respiratory viruses exhibited increasing trends of IL-25, these were not significant at the time-points tested. IFN-α treatment of CRSwNP epithelium was found to exert bimodal effects, ie IFN-α treatment alone induced moderate IL-25 expression, whereas IFN-α pretreatment of hNECs before influenza infection significantly diminished IL-25 induction by active influenza virus infection. Conclusion We have authenticated the observation of elevated IL-25 in CRSwNP, which is correlated with type 2 inflammatory cytokines. Notably, we identified influenza virus infection as a potential contributor of IL-25 in both control and CRSwNP epithelium during active infection. This IL-25 induction can be abated by IFN-α pretreatment which ameliorated active influenza infection. Trial Registration Chictr.org.cn ChiCTR-BON-16010179, Registered 18 December 2016, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=17331. The authors agree on the sharing of deidentified participant data where it pertains to request directly related to the data in this article when contacted (Haiyu Hong; honghy@mail.sysu.edu.cn).
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyu Hong
- Allergy Center, Department of Otolaryngology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, People's Republic of China.,Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Otolaryngology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Kai Sen Tan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore.,NUHS Infectious Diseases Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Biosafety level 3 Core Facility, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical and Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, People's Republic of China.,Central Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, People's Republic of China
| | - Fenghong Chen
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hsiao Hui Ong
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore.,NUHS Infectious Diseases Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yukei Oo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore.,NUHS Infectious Diseases Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yew Kwang Ong
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore.,Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Mark Thong
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore.,Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Richard Sugrue
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Vincent T Chow
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore.,NUHS Infectious Diseases Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - De Yun Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore.,NUHS Infectious Diseases Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Arora P, Andersen D, Moll JM, Danneskiold-Samsøe NB, Xu L, Zhou B, Kladis G, Rausch P, Workman CT, Kristiansen K, Brix S. Small Intestinal Tuft Cell Activity Associates With Energy Metabolism in Diet-Induced Obesity. Front Immunol 2021; 12:629391. [PMID: 34122403 PMCID: PMC8195285 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.629391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the involvement of type 2 immune response-promoting intestinal tuft cells in metabolic regulation. We here examined the temporal changes in small intestinal tuft cell number and activity in response to high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice and investigated the relation to whole-body energy metabolism and the immune phenotype of the small intestine and epididymal white adipose tissue. Intake of high fat diet resulted in a reduction in overall numbers of small intestinal epithelial and tuft cells and reduced expression of the intestinal type 2 tuft cell markers Il25 and Tslp. Amongst >1,700 diet-regulated transcripts in tuft cells, we observed an early association between body mass expansion and increased expression of the gene encoding the serine protease inhibitor neuroserpin. By contrast, tuft cell expression of genes encoding gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA)-receptors was coupled to Tslp and Il25 and reduced body mass gain. Combined, our results point to a possible role for small intestinal tuft cells in energy metabolism via coupled regulation of tuft cell type 2 markers and GABA signaling receptors, while being independent of type 2 immune cell involvement. These results pave the way for further studies into interventions that elicit anti-obesogenic circuits via small intestinal tuft cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Arora
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Daniel Andersen
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Janne Marie Moll
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Liqin Xu
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Georgios Kladis
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Philipp Rausch
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christopher T. Workman
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Karsten Kristiansen
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Susanne Brix
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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10
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The expression of interleukin-25 increases in human coronary artery disease and is associated with the severity of coronary stenosis. Anatol J Cardiol 2020; 23:151-159. [PMID: 32120360 PMCID: PMC7222637 DOI: 10.14744/anatoljcardiol.2019.24265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Interleukin (IL) 25, also known as IL-17E, is an inflammatory cytokine and has been demonstrated to be closely related to cardiovascular diseases by regulating immunity and inflammation, including atherosclerosis. This study was aimed to evaluate the expression of IL-25 in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: In this study, the expression of IL-25 in normal (n=6) and atherosclerotic (n=10) human coronary arteries was detected by immunofluorescent staining. In addition, the serum IL-25, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α concentrations in stable angina pectoris (SAP, n=44), unstable angina pectoris (UAP, n=46), acute myocardial infarction (AMI, n=34), and non-CAD (control, n=36) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Results: IL-25 was significantly increased in coronary arteries of CAD patients when compared with normal coronary arteries, with macrophages and T lymphocytes being the sources of IL-25, especially macrophages. Moreover, the serum concentrations of IL-25 were markedly elevated in CAD patients and gradually increased in SAP, UAP, and AMI groups. In addition, IL-25 levels were positively correlated with the IL-6 and TNF-α levels, and Gensini score in CAD patients. Logistic regression analysis showed that IL-25 was independently positively correlated with the occurrence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). A receiver operator characteristic curve suggested that IL-25 presented a significant diagnosis value in ACS. Conclusion: IL-25 is increased in the coronary arteries and serum of CAD patients and is associated with the severity of coronary stenosis and the occurrence of ACS, suggesting that IL-25 may be one of the biomarkers of ACS. (Anatol J Cardiol 2020; 23: 151-9)
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Kalinauskaite-Zukauske V, Januskevicius A, Janulaityte I, Miliauskas S, Malakauskas K. Serum Levels of Epithelial-Derived Cytokines as Interleukin-25 and Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin after a Single Dose of Mepolizumab in Patients with Severe Non-Allergic Eosinophilic Asthma: A Short Report. Can Respir J 2019; 2019:8607657. [PMID: 31885750 PMCID: PMC6914925 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8607657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The bronchial epithelium has continuous contact with environmental agents initiating and maintaining airway type 2 inflammation in asthma. However, there is a lack of data on whether reduced airway eosinophilic inflammation can affect the production of epithelial-derived mediators, such as interleukin-25 (IL-25) and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP). The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in serum levels of IL-25 and TSLP after a single dose of mepolizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody to interleukin-5 (IL-5), in patients with severe non-allergic eosinophilic asthma (SNEA). We examined 9 SNEA patients before and four weeks after administration of 100 mg mepolizumab subcutaneously. The fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) level was analysed using an electrochemical assay (NIOX VERO®, Circassia, UK). Serum IL-25 and TSLP levels were measured by ELISA. Four weeks after the single dose of mepolizumab, blood eosinophil count significantly decreased from 0.55 ± 0.20 × 109/l to 0.14 ± 0.04 × 109/l (p = 0.01) and FEV1 increased from 2.1 ± 0.5 l (65.4 ± 8.8% of predicted) to 2.6 ± 0.4 l (76.4 ± 9.1% of predicted) (p = 0.04), while FeNO level has not changed (32.3 ± 8.4 vs 42.9 ± 12.6 ppb). Serum IL-25 level significantly decreased from 48.0 ± 17.2 pg/mL to 34.8 ± 17.1 pg/mL (p = 0.02) with same tendency in TSLP level: from 359.8 ± 71.3 pg/mL to 275.6 ± 47.8 pg/mL (p = 0.02). It has also been noticed a significant relation between changes in the blood eosinophil count and serum IL-25 level (r = 0.81, p = 0.008), as well as between changes in serum IL-25 and TSLP levels (r = 0.93, p = 0.004) after a single dose of mepolizumab. Thus, anti-IL-5 treatment with mepolizumab might diminish the production of bronchial epithelial-derived cytokines IL-25 and TSLP in patients with SNEA which is potentially related to reduced eosinophilic inflammation. This trial is registered in ClinicalTrial.gov with identifier NCT03388359.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrius Januskevicius
- Laboratory of Pulmonology, Department of Pulmonology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, LT-50161, Lithuania
| | - Ieva Janulaityte
- Laboratory of Pulmonology, Department of Pulmonology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, LT-50161, Lithuania
| | - Skaidrius Miliauskas
- Department of Pulmonology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, LT-50161, Lithuania
| | - Kestutis Malakauskas
- Department of Pulmonology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, LT-50161, Lithuania
- Laboratory of Pulmonology, Department of Pulmonology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, LT-50161, Lithuania
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12
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Nagasawa M, Spits H, Ros XR. Innate Lymphoid Cells (ILCs): Cytokine Hubs Regulating Immunity and Tissue Homeostasis. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2018; 10:cshperspect.a030304. [PMID: 29229782 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a030304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have emerged as an expanding family of effector cells particularly enriched in the mucosal barriers. ILCs are promptly activated by stress signals and multiple epithelial- and myeloid-cell-derived cytokines. In response, ILCs rapidly secrete effector cytokines, which allow them to survey and maintain the mucosal integrity. Uncontrolled action of ILCs might contribute to tissue damage, chronic inflammation, metabolic diseases, autoimmunity, and cancer. Here we discuss the recent advances in our understanding of the cytokine network that modulate ILC immune responses: stimulating cytokines, signature cytokines secreted by ILC subsets, autocrine cytokines, and cytokines that induce cell plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maho Nagasawa
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center at the University of Amsterdam, 1105 BA Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hergen Spits
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center at the University of Amsterdam, 1105 BA Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Xavier Romero Ros
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center at the University of Amsterdam, 1105 BA Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Cheng J, Gu CJ, Zhang B, Xie F, Yuan MM, Li MQ, Yu JJ. Cisplatin inhibits the growth, migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells by down-regulating IL-17E/IL-17RB. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2017; 10:9341-9351. [PMID: 31966806 PMCID: PMC6965941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-17E mainly produced by immune cells, is a distinct member of the IL-17 cytokine family, which has multifarious immunomodulatory activities. As a potent anticancer drug, cisplatin is commonly used against various types of solid tumors. The present study was performed to investigate whether cisplatin regulates the expression of IL-17E and it receptor IL-17RB, and the role of IL17E in cervical cancer cells in vitro. The expression of IL-17E and IL-17RB in cervical cancer cells was detected by flow cytometry and ELISA. The viability, apoptosis, migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells were analyzed by CCK8, Annexin V-7AAD apoptosis, transwell migration, wound healing, and matrigel invasion assays. Here, we found that cervical cancer cells co-expressed IL-17E and IL-17RB, especially HeLa and SiHa cells. Recombinant human IL-17E protein (rhIL-17E) enhanced the viability, migration and invasion of HeLa and SiHa cells, and blocking IL-17E with anti-human IL-17RE neutralizing antibody promoted the apoptosis of HeLa and SiHa cells. Cisplatin significantly down-regulated the expression of IL-17E and IL-17RB, and further reversed the regulatory effects of rhIL-17E on viability, apoptosis, migration and invasion of HeLa and SiHa cells. The results suggest that cisplatin inhibits the viability, migration, invasion, and promotes the apoptosis of cervical cancer cells possibly by down-regulating IL-17E/17RB signaling. Cisplatin may be the first choice for cervical cancer patients with abnormally high IL-17E expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214062, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chun-Jie Gu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214062, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214062, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Xie
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min-Min Yuan
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming-Qing Li
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200011, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related DiseasesShanghai 200011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin-Jin Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214062, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
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14
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Park SK, Jin YD, Park YK, Yeon SH, Xu J, Han RN, Rha KS, Kim YM. IL-25-induced activation of nasal fibroblast and its association with the remodeling of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181806. [PMID: 28771607 PMCID: PMC5542454 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Interleukin (IL)-25 has been shown to play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Nasal polyps are associated with chronic inflammation of the mucous membranes in the paranasal sinuses and are involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of IL-25 on myofibroblast differentiation, ECM production and the expression of matrix metalloproteinases in nasal polyp derived fibroblasts (NPDFs) and to determine the molecular mechanism underlying these processes. Materials and methods A total of 40 patients were enrolled in this study for Immunofluorescence studies. Expression of IL17 receptor B was evaluated by real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in NPDFs. NPDFs were stimulated with IL-25 for 48 h in the presence or absence of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and NF-κB inhibitors or small interfering RNAs (siRNA). The protein levels of fibrosis active mediators were examined using western blotting. Fibroblast migration was evaluated with a scratch assay. The total collagen amount was analyzed with the Sircol collagen assay. Results IL-25 induced α-SMA, fibronectin, and MMP-1 and -13, which were dependent on IL-17RB. IL-25 also induced activation of NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs). By using the specific inhibitor of ERK, p38, JNK and NF-κB (U, SB, SP and Bay), we found that IL-25-induced expressions of α-SMA, fibronectin, and MMPs was regulated by the signaling pathways of MAPKs and NF-κB. IL-25 also induces α-SMA, fibronectin, and MMPs expression through IL-17RB-dependent pathways in NPDFs. The increased migration ability induced by IL-25 was suppressed by the specific inhibitors of MAPKs and NF-κB. Conclusion Our data indicate that IL-25 induced myofibroblast differentiation, fibronectin production, and MMP-1 and -13 expressions through the signaling pathways of MAPKs and NF-κB. in NPDFs and increased expression of IL-25 were also involved in the pathogenesis of nasal polyposis by affecting nasal fibroblasts in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Kyoung Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Research Institute for Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yong-De Jin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
| | - Yeong-Kyu Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Research Institute for Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sun-Hee Yeon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Research Institute for Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Research Institute for Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
| | - Rui-Ning Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Research Institute for Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
| | - Ki-Sang Rha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Research Institute for Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yong-Min Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Research Institute for Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Becerra-Díaz M, Wills-Karp M, Heller NM. New perspectives on the regulation of type II inflammation in asthma. F1000Res 2017; 6:1014. [PMID: 28721208 PMCID: PMC5497827 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.11198.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the lungs which has been thought to arise as a result of inappropriately directed T helper type-2 (Th2) immune responses of the lungs to otherwise innocuous inhaled antigens. Current asthma therapeutics are directed towards the amelioration of downstream consequences of type-2 immune responses (i.e. β-agonists) or broad-spectrum immunosuppression (i.e. corticosteroids). However, few approaches to date have been focused on the primary prevention of immune deviation. Advances in molecular phenotyping reveal heterogeneity within the asthmatic population with multiple endotypes whose varying expression depends on the interplay between numerous environmental factors and the inheritance of a broad range of susceptibility genes. The most common endotype is one described as "type-2-high" (i.e. high levels of interleukin [IL]-13, eosinophilia, and periostin). The identification of multiple endotypes has provided a potential explanation for the observations that therapies directed at typical Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13) and their receptors have often fallen short when they were tested in a diverse group of asthmatic patients without first stratifying based on disease endotype or severity. However, despite the incorporation of endotype-dependent stratification schemes into clinical trial designs, variation in drug responses are still apparent, suggesting that additional genetic/environmental factors may be contributing to the diversity in drug efficacy. Herein, we will review recent advances in our understanding of the complex pathways involved in the initiation and regulation of type-2-mediated immune responses and their modulation by host factors (genetics, metabolic status, and the microbiome). Particular consideration will be given to how this knowledge could pave the way for further refinement of disease endotypes and/or the development of novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of asthma .
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireya Becerra-Díaz
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Marsha Wills-Karp
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Nicola M. Heller
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
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