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Helvik AS, Hvidsten L, Engedal K, Kersten H, Dourado MCN, Johannessen A. Living with young-onset dementia in the family - a mixed method study. Aging Ment Health 2024; 28:254-261. [PMID: 37552541 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2023.2243585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Background: Studies on disease-related obstructions experienced in everyday life of younger people with dementia (YOD ≤ 65 years) and their families are encouraged.Aim: To explore how the family carers experience six predefined topics that influence the everyday life and needs of persons with YOD.Method: A quantitative and a qualitative study including family carers of persons with young-onset Alzheimer's dementia (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Seventy-four informants responded to the Camberwell Assessment of Needs in the Elderly (CANE) and individual interviews were conducted with 13 informants.Results: Family carers of persons with YOD reported few unmet needs in the CANE assessment. Needs related to behavior and close relationships were reported significantly more frequent (p < 0.1) in persons with FTD than in persons with AD. From the qualitative data, six main themes were emphasized: daily activities turned upside down, involuntary loss of previous social network, losing close relationship, but maintaining a friendship with the spouse, unpredictable behavior adds burdens to a changing life, health and life risks, and economic insecurity for future life and caring costs.Conclusion: Whilst family carers quantitatively reported unmet needs, the individual interviews reported several major difficulties in everyday life.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-S Helvik
- The Norwegian National Centre for Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - L Hvidsten
- Division for Mental Health and Addiction, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
| | - K Engedal
- The Norwegian National Centre for Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
| | - H Kersten
- The Norwegian National Centre for Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
- Department of Research, Telemark Hospital Trust, Skien, Norway
- Department of Pharmacy, Section for Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - M C N Dourado
- Institute of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A Johannessen
- The Norwegian National Centre for Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
- University of South-Eastern Norway - USN, Horten, Norway
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2
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Westergaard L, Joens C, Kroell J, Kristensen SL, Johannessen A, Sandgaard N, Gang UJO, Hansen PS, Riahi S, Kristiansen SB, Fosboel EL, Pehrson S, Chen X, Jacobsen PK, Weeke PE. Heart failure hospitalizations and diuretic use before and after first-time pulmonary vein isolation ablation for atrial fibrillation among patients with heart failure. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Small randomized clinical trials have found that patients with heart failure (HF) and atrial fibrillation (AF) randomized to an ablation strategy for AF experienced improved cardiovascular outcomes. We examined the relation in routine clinical practice.
Purpose
We aimed to assess if first-time pulmonary vein isolation ablation (PVI) for AF among patients with HF was associated with decrease in HF hospital admissions rates and furosemide dosage in the year after PVI compared with the year before.
Methods
We identified patients with HF and available left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) treated with a first-time PVI using the Danish Ablation Registry, and alive at 1-year follow-up. Patient comorbidities and concomitant pharmacotherapy (including furosemide dosage and HF hospital admissions) were identified utilizing Danish nationwide registries. For inclusion, patients were required to have been diagnosed with HF in an in- or outpatient setting <10 years of first-time PVI or have a LVEF at the time of PVI ≤45%. Patients were grouped according to LVEF at time of PVI: ≤35%, 36–45%, and >45%. For comparison of HF hospital admission and furosemide usage before and after PVI, McNemars test were used. Wilcox signed-rank test were used to test difference in furosemide dosage before and after PVI.
Results
We identified 668/3450 patients with HF treated with first-time PVI for AF between 2010–2017 (median age 62 years [Q1,Q3=56,69 years], 81% male, and median LVEF 45% [Q1,Q3=40,60%]). Of these, 13 patients (2%) died during one-year follow-up. Overall, 36% of patients with HF had one or more HF hospital admissions the year before PVI compared with 7% in the year after PVI (p<0.0001) (Figure 1). Patients with LVEF ≤35% had the highest proportion of HF hospital admissions the year before PVI (53%) and was reduced more than 4-fold (13%) in the year after first-time PVI, with consistent findings in all LVEF groups (Figure 1). At the time of PVI, 36% of patients with HF were treated with furosemide compared with 30% in the year after PVI (p<0.0001) (Figure 2). Moreover, we identified significant reductions in furosemide dose in the year after PVI compared with the year before (median dose 60 mg [Q1,Q3=30,80 mg] and 20 mg [Q1,Q3=0,60 mg], respectively, p=0.001). Here, reductions in furosemide requirements were consistent across LVEF subgroups.
Conclusion
Patients with HF treated with a first-time PVI strategy for AF had a 5-fold decrease in HF hospital admissions in the following year compared with the year before PVI. Among patients treated with furosemide at time of PVI, significant reductions in dose one year after PVI was identified but also significant reductions in proportion of patients requiring any furosemide at all.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Westergaard
- Rigshospitalet - Copenhagen University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - C Joens
- Rigshospitalet - Copenhagen University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - J Kroell
- Rigshospitalet - Copenhagen University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - S L Kristensen
- Rigshospitalet - Copenhagen University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - A Johannessen
- Gentofte University Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - N Sandgaard
- Odense University Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Odense , Denmark
| | - U J O Gang
- Zealand University Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Roskilde , Denmark
| | | | - S Riahi
- Aalborg University Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Aalborg , Denmark
| | - S B Kristiansen
- Aarhus University Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Aarhus , Denmark
| | - E L Fosboel
- Rigshospitalet - Copenhagen University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - S Pehrson
- Rigshospitalet - Copenhagen University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - X Chen
- Rigshospitalet - Copenhagen University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - P K Jacobsen
- Rigshospitalet - Copenhagen University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - P E Weeke
- Rigshospitalet - Copenhagen University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre , Copenhagen , Denmark
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3
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Witt C, Jacobsen PK, Johannessen A, Sandgaard NCF, Gang UJO, Hansen PS, Worck R, Riahi S, Nielsen JC, Kristiansen SB. Early mortality and complications following first-time catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation in a nationwide cohort. Europace 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euac053.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common clinical arrhythmia. Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) by catheter ablation has become a cornerstone in the treatment of AF. Serious complications to PVI have been reported to be at an acceptable level and risk of death after AF ablation is low.
Purpose
In a contemporary nationwide cohort of patients undergoing first-time PVI by catheter ablation, we wanted to investigate the 30-day mortality after ablation, and to examine risk and potential risk factors of PVI-related complications.
Methods
Population-based cohort study in patients who underwent first-time PVI by catheter ablation between 2011-2018 identified from the National Danish Ablation Registry. Primary outcome was early post-procedural mortality, defined as death of any cause within 30 days of index PVI procedure, or in connection to a hospitalization started within 30 days. Secondary outcomes were all-cause rehospitalization and complication, including postoperative infection, cardiac, vascular, neurological, vascular, and pulmonary complications within 30 days. Data on mortality and complications were collected from national health and administrative registries. Binary regression was used to estimate risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for association between selected predictors and any complication, and adjusted gender, age, BMI, prior ablation, calendar period (ablation from 2011-2013, 2014-2016, and >2016).
Results
We included 8560 patients. Median age was 62, 66% were men, 12% had a history of heart failure, and median CHA2DS2VASc score was 1 (Interquartile range [IQR]; 1-2). Charlton Comorbidity index (CCI) was none in 66%, moderate in 29% and severe in 5%. A total of 10 (0.12%) patients died within 30 days of ablation, of which 4 patients died during initial hospitalization. Median time to death was 20 (IQR, 12 to 29) days. Patients who died were more likely to have experienced a procedure-related complication (40% vs. 4%, P<0.001). Procedure-related complications occurred in 298 (3.5%), and the risk was 4.4%, 3.0% and 3.3% in the time periods between 2011-2013, 2014-2016 and >2016, respectively. Most common complications were postoperative infection (26%), cardiac complication (26%), and vascular complications (18%). Complication risk was increased in patients with higher age (aRR, 65-74 year; 1.67 [1.32-2.11] and >74 years; 2.48 [1.60-3.84]), moderate CCI (aRR 1.45 [1.14-1.83]), cardiovascular disease (aRR 1.52 [1.09-2.11]) and antithrombotic treatment (aRR 1.41 [1.05-1.89]). After first-time PVI, 1.963 (23%) patients were re-hospitalized within 30 days, and most common primary discharge diagnoses were AF (87%) and direct cardioversion was performed in 765 (39%) patients.
Conclusion
In a nationwide cohort of patients who underwent first-time PVI, number of deaths within 30 days of ablation was low (0.12%). Risk of complication was low and 23% of the patients were re-hospitalized within 30 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Witt
- Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - PK Jacobsen
- Rigshospitalet - Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A Johannessen
- Glostrup Hospital - Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - UJO Gang
- Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | | | - R Worck
- Glostrup Hospital - Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S Riahi
- Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - JC Nielsen
- Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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4
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Toennesen J, Pallisgaard J, Rasmussen PV, Ruwald MH, Zoerner CR, Gislason G, Hansen J, Johannessen A, Worck R, Hansen ML. Recurrence rates of atrial fibrillation ablation according to body mass Index, a nationwide, registry-based danish study. Europace 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euac053.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Private grant(s) and/or Sponsorship. Main funding source(s): Novo Nordisk supported the project.
Background
The proportion of people with obesity is rapidly rising, and the number of overweight patients undergoing ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) is also increasing. The link between body mass index (BMI), and AF prevalence is well-established but the impact of BMI on the risk of recurrent AF after ablation is less elucidated. Therefore, data pertaining to recurrence rates of ablations according to BMI in large, unselected cohorts of patients is still warranted.
Purpose
To examine the risk of recurrent AF after AF ablation by BMI.
Method
Using Danish nationwide registries, all Danish patients above 18 years who underwent first-time AF ablation from January 1st 2010 to December 31st 2018 were identified and included at the date of ablation. The patients were categorized by BMI; underweight: < 18.5 kg/m2; normal weight: 18.5-24 kg/m2; overweight 25-29 kg/m2; obese 30-34 kg/m2; morbidly obese > 34 kg/m2. Recurrent AF was defined using a composite endpoint comprising claimed prescriptions of anti-arrhythmic drugs, hospital admissions due to AF, re-ablation, or electrical cardioversions. The cumulative incidence of recurrent AF by BMI at 1- and 5-year follow-up after a blanking period of 90 days, was estimated using the Aalen-Johansen estimator, takin death as competing risk in to account. The relative rates of recurrent AF by BMI were examined using Cox models adjusted for sex, age, procedure-year, heart failure, ischemic heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, hypertension, and diabetes.
Results
The study cohort consisted of 9,229 patients. Median age [IQR] decreased from 64 [60, 75] in the normal weight group to 60 [53, 66] in the morbidly obese. The number of patients with a CHA2DS2-VASc score of 2 or more increased from 48% in normal-weight to 65% in morbidly obese. Use of amiodarone increased by BMI category, while the use of Class 1C anti-arrhythmic medication remained stable.
Figures 1 and 2 show the 1- and 5-year cumulative incidence of recurrent AF, Hazard Ratios (HR), and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI 95%) stratified by BMI categories and depict that the risk of recurrent AF increased incrementally and significantly in overweight groups compared to normal weight patients, both in 1- and 5-year follow-up. Underweight patients demonstrated non-significantly increased risk of recurrent AF, both in 1- and 5-year follow-up.
Conclusion
In this large nationwide study examining recurrent AF post AF ablation, we found that recurrence rates of AF increased incrementally according to BMI, both in short- and long-term follow-up. Therefore, aggressive weight management in overweight patients could potentially provide substantial benefits and improve short- and long-term outcomes after ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Toennesen
- Gentofte University Hospital, Gentofte, Denmark
| | | | | | - MH Ruwald
- Gentofte University Hospital, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - CR Zoerner
- Gentofte University Hospital, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - G Gislason
- Gentofte University Hospital, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - J Hansen
- Gentofte University Hospital, Gentofte, Denmark
| | | | - R Worck
- Gentofte University Hospital, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - ML Hansen
- Gentofte University Hospital, Gentofte, Denmark
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5
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Eriksson C, Andersen HM, Eriksson A, Johannessen A, Simonsen N, Thualagant N, Torp S, Haglund BJA. Health promotion research in the Nordic countries - a scoping review of PhD dissertations 2008-2018. Eur J Public Health 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckab165.396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The Nordic countries are welfare states that also have been claimed to be in the forefront in developing health promotion, in relation to theory, research, policy and practice. This scoping review was performed by members of the Nordic Health Promotion Research Network with the objectives to collect and identify the scope and theoretical basis of doctoral (PhD) dissertations on health promotion in a Nordic context.
Methods
Searches for dissertations, published 2008-2018, were performed in several databases in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden. Those labelled “health promotion” present in titles, abstract or key words were included in the scoping review. Data was extracted based on a common template including title, aims, university, individual-national level, setting, type of study and collaboration.
Results
The search strategy had to be modified to include manual searches at university sites as no national data base was available. In total, 353 health promotion dissertations had been published at 41 different universities. Most dissertations were Swedish (193), while 56 came from Denmark, 53 from Norway and 51 from Finland, but non from Iceland. The main content was lifestyle (28%), mental or psychosocial health (14%), critical health promotion (8%), empowerment (7%) or refugee and immigrants (5%). The most common approach was settings (31%), including health care setting (14%), followed by societal (28%) and individual (28%) approaches. Mixed methods approach was most common research method (45%) followed by quantitative (32%) and qualitative methods (23%). Large country variations were seen in the health promotion.
Conclusions
Health promotion research in the Nordic countries can be characterised by focusing on lifestyle, settings approach, and primarily using a mixed methods approach. However, there are large variations between different health promotion PhDs, also including dissertations on critical health promotion and empowerment.
Key messages
Analysis of PhD dissertations can contribute to more comprehensive insight in disciplinary development. The research training will have implications for the future public health workforce. The Nordic collaboration enabled an extensive scoping review of PhD dissertations on health promotion research in the Nordic countries and shows what has characterized the field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Eriksson
- Department of Public Health Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - H M Andersen
- Center for Nursing, University College Absalon, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - A Eriksson
- School of Engineering Sciences, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Johannessen
- Faculty of Health and Science, University of South-Eastern Norway, Vestfold, Norway
| | - N Simonsen
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - N Thualagant
- Research Center for Health Promotion, University of Roskilde, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - S Torp
- Department of Health, Social and Welfare Studies, University of South-Eastern Norway, Drammen, Norway
| | - B J A Haglund
- Department of Global Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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6
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Olsen F, Darkner S, Chen X, Pehrson S, Johannessen A, Hansen J, Gislason G, Svendsen J, Biering-Sorensen T. Relationship between cardiac structure and function and atrial fibrillation related hospitalizations following catheter ablation. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Even though catheter ablation (CA) is an effective treatment for atrial fibrillation (AF), AF-related hospitalizations and cardioversions are common following this procedure.
Purpose
To investigate whether echocardiographic measures of left atrial (LA) function could predict AF-related hospitalizations and cardioversions.
Methods
This was a substudy of a trial that randomized patients to amiodarone vs place to reduce AF recurrence following CA. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed prior to CA and included assessment of: end-systolic and end-diastolic LA volumes, emptying fraction (LAEF), atrial strain, and global longitudinal strain (GLS). Poisson regression was used to assess predictive value for AF-related hospitalizations and cardioversions. Multivariable adjustments were made for: age, gender, ejection fraction, AF burden, AF subtype, dyspnea, and class 1c antiarrhythmics.
Results
Of the 212 patients, 80 were hospitalized for AF (206 times), and 77 were cardioverted (192 times) within the 6 months follow-up period. Mean age was 60 years, 83% were men, and mean LVEF was 50%. In univariable analyses, LA volumes, LAEF and GLS were predictors of the outcomes but did not remain significant predictors after multivariable adjustments. During echocardiography 162 patients were in sinus rhythm and 50 had AF rhythm. Rhythm during the echocardiogram modified the association between GLS and outcomes (p for interaction <0.05 for both endpoints), such that GLS predicted both AF-related hospitalizations and cardioversions in patients with sinus rhythm but not AF during the echocardiogram (figure).
Conclusion
Global longitudinal strain predicts AF-related hospitalizations and cardioversions after CA, but only in patients presenting in sinus rhythm during the echocardiogram. Patients presenting with impaired global longitudinal strain should be considered high-risk patients following CA who may benefit from close follow-up.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Foundation. Main funding source(s): The Danish Heart Foundation
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Affiliation(s)
- F.J Olsen
- Dept. of Cardiology, Herlev & Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S Darkner
- Dept. of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - X Chen
- Dept. of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S Pehrson
- Dept. of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A Johannessen
- Dept. of Cardiology, Herlev & Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J Hansen
- Dept. of Cardiology, Herlev & Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - G Gislason
- Dept. of Cardiology, Herlev & Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J.H Svendsen
- Dept. of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - T Biering-Sorensen
- Dept. of Cardiology, Herlev & Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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7
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Mørkve Knudsen GT, Rezwan FI, Johannessen A, Skulstad SM, Bertelsen RJ, Real FG, Krauss-Etschmann S, Patil V, Jarvis D, Arshad SH, Holloway JW, Svanes C. Erratum: Epigenome-wide association of father's smoking with offspring DNA methylation: a hypothesis-generating study. Environ Epigenet 2020; 6:dvz027. [PMID: 32042449 PMCID: PMC6999171 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvz027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvz023.][This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvz023.].
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Giehm-Reese M, Kronborg MB, Lukac P, Kristiansen SB, Nielsen JM, Johannessen A, Jacobsen PK, Djurhuus MS, Riahi S, Hansen PS, Nielsen JC. P2845Recurrent atrial flutter and incidence of atrial fibrillation ablation after first-time ablation for typical atrial flutter: a nation-wide Danish cohort study. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.1155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Cavo tricuspid isthmus ablation (CTIA) is an effective first-line treatment for typical atrial flutter (AFL). However, many patients develop atrial fibrillation (AF) after successful CTIA. Knowledge about recurrent arrhythmia after CTIA mainly comes from small cohort studies with limited follow-up.
Purpose
To describe incidences of AFL re-ablation and AF-ablation after first-time CTIA in a nation-wide cohort.
Method
In the Danish National Ablation Registry we identified patients undergoing first-time CTIA during 2010–2016. Subsequent CTIA and AF-ablation procedures were identified until March 1st, 2018. We gathered information on patient comorbidities in the Danish National Patient Registry.
Results
We identified 2409 patients undergoing first-time CTIA. Median age was 66 (IQR 58–72) years, and 1952 (81%) were men. 78 (3%) had a history of AF. Acute procedural succes was achieved in 2288 (95%) patients. During mean follow-up of 4±1.7 years, 242 (10%) patients underwent CTI re-ablation and 326 (13.5%) ablation for AF. Baseline characteristics associated with CTI re-ablation included prolonged procedural time, unsuccessful first CTIA, age<75 years and CHA2DS2-VASc score<2. Hypertension, history of AF, age<65 years and CHA2DS2-VASc score<2 were associated with later AF-ablation (Table).
Predictive characteristics Characteristics associated with CTI re-ablation HR 95% CI p-value Procedural time 1.003 (1.001–1.006) 0.01 Unsuccesful first CTIA procedure 3.42 (2.10–5.55) <0.0001 Age <75 years 1.52 (1.03–2.26) 0.04 CHA2DS-VAS2c score <2 1.45 (1.11–1.90) 0.01 Characteristics associated with later AF-ablation Hypertension 1.31 (1.02–1.69) 0.04 History of AF 1.70 (1.07–2.71) 0.03 Age <65 years 2.38 (1.89–3.01) <0.0001 CHA2DS-VAS2c score <2 1.77 (1.40–2.45) <0.0001 AF: Atrial fibrillation; HR: Hazard ratio. All HR's are adjusted for age, gender, hypertension, diabetes, heart failure, iscemic heart disease, valvular heart disease, chronic obstructive lung disease, chronic kidney disease and history of AF using Cox regression analysis.
Conclusion
In a nation-wide cohort undergoing CTIA for AFL, 10% of patients underwent CTI re-ablation and 13.5% were ablated for AF during mean follow-up of 4±1.7 years. Probability of undergoing a second ablation procedure was higher in younger patients with less comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Giehm-Reese
- Skejby University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - M B Kronborg
- Skejby University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - P Lukac
- Skejby University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - S B Kristiansen
- Skejby University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - J M Nielsen
- Skejby University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - A Johannessen
- Gentofte University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - P K Jacobsen
- Rigshospitalet - Copenhagen University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M S Djurhuus
- Odense University Hospital, Department of Cardiology-B, Odense, Denmark
| | - S Riahi
- Aalborg University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - P S Hansen
- Mølholm Private Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Vejle, Denmark
| | - J C Nielsen
- Skejby University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Aarhus, Denmark
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9
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Mørkve Knudsen GT, Rezwan FI, Johannessen A, Skulstad SM, Bertelsen RJ, Real FG, Krauss-Etschmann S, Patil V, Jarvis D, Arshad SH, Holloway JW, Svanes C. Epigenome-wide association of father's smoking with offspring DNA methylation: a hypothesis-generating study. Environ Epigenet 2019; 5:dvz023. [PMID: 31827900 PMCID: PMC6896979 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvz023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies suggest that father's smoking might influence their future children's health, but few studies have addressed whether paternal line effects might be related to altered DNA methylation patterns in the offspring. To investigate a potential association between fathers' smoking exposures and offspring DNA methylation using epigenome-wide association studies. We used data from 195 males and females (11-54 years) participating in two population-based cohorts. DNA methylation was quantified in whole blood using Illumina Infinium MethylationEPIC Beadchip. Comb-p was used to analyse differentially methylated regions (DMRs). Robust multivariate linear models, adjusted for personal/maternal smoking and cell-type proportion, were used to analyse offspring differentially associated probes (DMPs) related to paternal smoking. In sensitivity analyses, we adjusted for socio-economic position and clustering by family. Adjustment for inflation was based on estimation of the empirical null distribution in BACON. Enrichment and pathway analyses were performed on genes annotated to cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) sites using the gometh function in missMethyl. We identified six significant DMRs (Sidak-corrected P values: 0.0006-0.0173), associated with paternal smoking, annotated to genes involved in innate and adaptive immunity, fatty acid synthesis, development and function of neuronal systems and cellular processes. DMP analysis identified 33 CpGs [false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05]. Following adjustment for genomic control (λ = 1.462), no DMPs remained epigenome-wide significant (FDR < 0.05). This hypothesis-generating study found that fathers' smoking was associated with differential methylation in their adolescent and adult offspring. Future studies are needed to explore the intriguing hypothesis that fathers' exposures might persistently modify their future offspring's epigenome.
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Affiliation(s)
- G T Mørkve Knudsen
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, N-5021 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway
- Correspondence address. Haukanesvegen 260, N-5650 Tysse, Norway; Tel: +47 977 98 147; E-mail: and
| | - F I Rezwan
- Human Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - A Johannessen
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, N-5018 Bergen, Norway
| | - S M Skulstad
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - R J Bertelsen
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, N-5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - F G Real
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, N-5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - S Krauss-Etschmann
- Division of Experimental Asthma Research, Research Center Borstel, 23845 Borstel, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL) and Institute of Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - V Patil
- David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre, St. Mary’s Hospital, Isle of Wight PO30 5TG, UK
| | - D Jarvis
- Faculty of Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College, London SW3 6LY, UK
| | - S H Arshad
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
- NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - J W Holloway
- Human Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - C Svanes
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, N-5018 Bergen, Norway
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10
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Pallisgaard JL, Schjerning AM, Hansen ML, Johannessen A, Gustafsson F, Gislason GH, Torp-Pedersen C, Jacobsen PK, Kristensen SL, Koeber L, Schou M. 3377Ablation for atrial fibrillation with heart failure should be performed early a nationwide study. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy563.3377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - A.-M Schjerning
- Herlev Hospital - Copenhagen University Hospital, Cardiology, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M L Hansen
- Gentofte University Hospital, Cardiology, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A Johannessen
- Gentofte University Hospital, Cardiology, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - F Gustafsson
- Rigshospitalet - Copenhagen University Hospital, Cardiology, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - G H Gislason
- Gentofte University Hospital, Cardiology, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - C Torp-Pedersen
- Aalborg University Hospital, Cardiology and Epidemiology, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - P K Jacobsen
- Rigshospitalet - Copenhagen University Hospital, Cardiology, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - L Koeber
- Rigshospitalet - Copenhagen University Hospital, Cardiology, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Schou
- Herlev Hospital - Copenhagen University Hospital, Cardiology, Copenhagen, Denmark
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11
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Dourado MCN, Laks J, Kimura NR, Baptista MAT, Barca ML, Engedal K, Tveit B, Johannessen A. Young-onset Alzheimer dementia: a comparison of Brazilian and Norwegian carers' experiences and needs for assistance. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2018; 33:824-831. [PMID: 28370411 DOI: 10.1002/gps.4717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although dementia typically occurs in older people, it can also emerge in people aged younger than 65 years in the form of young-onset dementia, the most common type of which is Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, few studies have examined the needs of persons with young-onset AD (YO-AD) and their families, and cross-cultural research on the topic is even scarcer. In response, we investigated the situations, experiences and needs for assistance of carers of persons with YO-AD in Brazil and Norway. METHODS As part of our qualitative study, we formed a convenience sample of Brazilian (n = 9; 7 women) and Norwegian carers (n = 11; 6 women) in 2014 and 2015, respectively, and analysed data in light of a modified version of grounded theory. RESULTS Carers' narratives from both countries revealed five common themes in terms of how YO-AD affected carers' psychological and emotional well-being, physical well-being, professional and financial well-being, social lives and need for support services. CONCLUSIONS The infrequent differences between carers of persons with YO-AD in Brazil and Norway indicate that carers' problems are highly similar regardless of cultural differences and public services provided. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C N Dourado
- Center for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - J Laks
- Center for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - N R Kimura
- Center for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M A T Baptista
- Center for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M L Barca
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway.,Department of Geriatric Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - K Engedal
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway.,Department of Geriatric Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - B Tveit
- VID Specialized University College, Oslo, Norway
| | - A Johannessen
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway.,VID Specialized University College, Oslo, Norway
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12
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Tayyem RF, Al-Shudifat AE, Johannessen A, Bawadi HA, AbuMweis SS, Agraib LM, Allhedan SS, Haj-Husein I, Azab M. Dietary patterns and the risk of coronary heart disease among Jordanians: A case-control study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 28:262-269. [PMID: 29237548 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2017.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Dietary pattern and lifestyle have been reported to be significant risk factors in the development of coronary heart diseases (CHD). The contribution degree of these dietary risk factors in CHD development in non-westernized countries is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate several dietary choices and their potential association with CHD. METHODS AND RESULTS A case-control study was conducted at Prince Hamza Hospital, a referral center for coronary angiography in Amman, Jordan. Four-hundred patients referring for elective coronary angiography with clinical suspicion of coronary artery disease were enrolled. Data was collected using interview-based questionnaires. Dietary patterns were derived using Principal Component Analysis. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate the relationship between dietary choices and CHD. Three dietary patterns were identified. The "Healthy Dietary Pattern", which presented a diet rich in olive oil, fruits, vegetables, legumes, whole grains, fish, and low meat intake, was associated with a significant decrease in the odds of CHD (OR = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.28-0.98). The "High-Fiber Pattern", which is mainly composed of legumes and bulgur, significantly reduced the odd of CHD (OR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.27-0.92) for the fourth quartile compared to the first one. No significant association was found between CHD and the "Western Dietary Pattern", which is loaded with refined grains, sweets and deserts, sugary drinks, and deep fried foods. CONCLUSIONS The "Healthy Dietary Pattern" and the "High-Fiber Pattern" were associated with a decrease in odds of CHD among Jordanians.
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Affiliation(s)
- R F Tayyem
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
| | - A E Al-Shudifat
- The Hashemite University, Faculty of Medicine, Zarqa, Jordan.
| | - A Johannessen
- The Hashemite University, Faculty of Medicine, Zarqa, Jordan; Centre for Imported and Tropical Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, PO Box 4956, 0424 Oslo, Norway.
| | - H A Bawadi
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
| | - S S AbuMweis
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.
| | - L M Agraib
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
| | - S S Allhedan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
| | - I Haj-Husein
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
| | - M Azab
- The Hashemite University, Faculty of Medicine, Zarqa, Jordan.
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13
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Jõgi NO, Svanes C, Siiak SP, Logan E, Holloway JW, Igland J, Johannessen A, Levin M, Real FG, Schlunssen V, Horsnell WGC, Bertelsen RJ. Zoonotic helminth exposure and risk of allergic diseases: A study of two generations in Norway. Clin Exp Allergy 2017; 48:66-77. [PMID: 29117468 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Animal and human studies indicate that definitive host helminth infections may confer protection from allergies. However, zoonotic helminths, such as Toxocara species (spp.), have been associated with increased allergies. OBJECTIVE We describe the prevalence of Toxocara spp. and Ascaris spp. seropositivity and associations with allergic diseases and sensitization, in 2 generations in Bergen, Norway. METHODS Serum levels of total IgG4, anti-Toxocara spp. IgG4 and Ascaris spp. IgG4 were established by ELISA in 2 cohorts: parents born 1945-1972 (n = 171) and their offspring born 1969-2003 (n = 264). Allergic outcomes and covariates were recorded through interviews and clinical examinations including serum IgEs and skin prick tests. RESULTS Anti-Ascaris spp. IgG4 was detected in 29.2% of parents and 10.3% of offspring, and anti-Toxocara spp. IgG4 in 17.5% and 8.0% of parents and offspring, respectively. Among offspring, anti-Toxocara spp. IgG4 was associated with pet keeping before age 15 (OR = 6.15; 95% CI = 1.37-27.5) and increasing BMI (1.16[1.06-1.25] per kg/m2 ). Toxocara spp. seropositivity was associated with wheeze (2.97[1.45- 7.76]), hayfever (4.03[1.63-9.95]), eczema (2.89[1.08-7.76]) and cat sensitization (5.65[1.92-16.6]) among offspring, but was not associated with allergic outcomes among parents. Adjustment for childhood or current pet keeping did not alter associations with allergies. Parental Toxocara spp. seropositivity was associated with increased offspring allergies following a sex-specific pattern. CONCLUSIONS & CLINICAL RELEVANCE Zoonotic helminth exposure in Norway was less frequent in offspring than parents; however, Toxocara spp. seropositivity was associated with increased risk of allergic manifestations in the offspring generation, but not among parents. Changes in response to helminth exposure may provide insights into the increase in allergy incidence in affluent countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- N O Jõgi
- University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - C Svanes
- Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - E Logan
- University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - J W Holloway
- Human Development & Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - J Igland
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - A Johannessen
- Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - M Levin
- University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - F G Real
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - V Schlunssen
- Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - W G C Horsnell
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine/Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Institute of Microbiology and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental Immunology and Neurogenetics, UMR 7355, CNRS-University of Orleans and Le Studium Institute for Advanced Studies, Orléans, France
| | - R J Bertelsen
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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14
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Bertelsen RJ, Rava M, Carsin AE, Accordini S, Benediktsdóttir B, Dratva J, Franklin KA, Heinrich J, Holm M, Janson C, Johannessen A, Jarvis DL, Jogi R, Leynaert B, Norback D, Omenaas ER, Raherison C, Sánchez‐Ramos JL, Schlünssen V, Sigsgaard T, Dharmage SC, Svanes C. Clinical markers of asthma and IgE assessed in parents before conception predict asthma and hayfever in the offspring. Clin Exp Allergy 2017; 47:627-638. [PMID: 28199764 PMCID: PMC5447870 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mice models suggest epigenetic inheritance induced by parental allergic disease activity. However, we know little of how parental disease activity before conception influences offspring's asthma and allergy in humans. OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess the associations of parental asthma severity, bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR), and total and specific IgEs, measured before conception vs. after birth, with offspring asthma and hayfever. METHODS The study included 4293 participants (mean age 34, 47% men) from the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) with information on asthma symptom severity, BHR, total and specific IgEs from 1991 to 1993, and data on 9100 offspring born 1972-2012. Adjusted relative risk ratios (aRRR) for associations of parental clinical outcome with offspring allergic disease were estimated with multinomial logistic regressions. RESULTS Offspring asthma with hayfever was more strongly associated with parental BHR and specific IgE measured before conception than after birth [BHR: aRRR = 2.96 (95% CI: 1.92, 4.57) and 1.40 (1.03, 1.91), respectively; specific IgEs: 3.08 (2.13, 4.45) and 1.83 (1.45, 2.31), respectively]. This was confirmed in a sensitivity analysis of a subgroup of offspring aged 11-22 years with information on parental disease activity both before and after birth. CONCLUSION & CLINICAL RELEVANCE Parental BHR and specific IgE were associated with offspring asthma and hayfever, with the strongest associations observed with clinical assessment before conception as compared to after birth of the child. If the hypothesis is confirmed in other studies, parental disease activity assessed before conception may prove useful for identifying children at risk for developing asthma with hayfever.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. J. Bertelsen
- Department of Clinical ScienceUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Department of Occupational MedicineHaukeland University HospitalBergenNorway
| | - M. Rava
- INSERM U1168, VIMA: Aging and Chronic DiseasesEpidemiological and Public Health ApproachesVillejuifFrance
- UMR‐S 1168Univ Versailles St‐Quentin‐en‐YvelinesMontigny le BretonneuxFrance
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO)MadridSpain
| | - A. E. Carsin
- ISGlobalCentre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL)BarcelonaSpain
- Universitat Pompeu FabraBarcelonaSpain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)BarcelonaSpain
| | - S. Accordini
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical StatisticsDepartment of Diagnostics and Public HealthUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | | | - J. Dratva
- Department of Epidemiology and Public HealthSwiss Tropical and Public Health InstituteBaselSwitzerland
| | - K. A. Franklin
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative SciencesUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - J. Heinrich
- Helmholtz Zentrum MünchenGerman Research Center for Environmental HealthInstitute of Epidemiology INeuherbergGermany
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social, and Environmental MedicineLudwig Maximilians University MunichMunchenGermany
| | - M. Holm
- Department of Occupational and Environmental MedicineSahlgrenska University HospitalGothenburgSweden
| | - C. Janson
- Department of Medical SciencesUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - A. Johannessen
- Centre for International HealthDepartment of Global Public Health and Primary CareUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Centre for Clinical ResearchHaukeland University HospitalBergenNorway
| | - D. L. Jarvis
- Respiratory Epidemiology, Occupational Medicine and Public HealthNational Heart and Lung InstituteImperial CollegeLondonUK
| | - R. Jogi
- Tartu University HospitalLung ClinicTartuEstonia
| | - B. Leynaert
- Inserm, UMR 1152Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Respiratory Diseases, Epidemiology TeamParisFrance
- UMR 1152University Paris Diderot Paris 7ParisFrance
| | - D. Norback
- Department of Medical SciencesUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - E. R. Omenaas
- Department of Clinical ScienceUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Centre for Clinical ResearchHaukeland University HospitalBergenNorway
| | - C. Raherison
- INSERM U897 Bordeaux UniversityBordeaux CedexFrance
| | | | - V. Schlünssen
- Department of Public HealthAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
- National Research Centre for the Working EnvironmentCopenhagenDenmark
| | - T. Sigsgaard
- Department of Public HealthAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - S. C. Dharmage
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Melbourne School of Population HealthThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVic.Australia
| | - C. Svanes
- Department of Occupational MedicineHaukeland University HospitalBergenNorway
- Centre for International HealthDepartment of Global Public Health and Primary CareUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
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15
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Dröes RM, Chattat R, Diaz A, Gove D, Graff M, Murphy K, Verbeek H, Vernooij-Dassen M, Clare L, Johannessen A, Roes M, Verhey F, Charras K. Social health and dementia: a European consensus on the operationalization of the concept and directions for research and practice. Aging Ment Health 2017; 21:4-17. [PMID: 27869503 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2016.1254596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because the pattern of illnesses changes in an aging population and many people manage to live well with chronic diseases, a group of health care professionals recently proposed reformulating the static WHO definition of health towards a dynamic one based on the ability to physically, mentally and socially adapt and self-manage. This paper is the result of a collaborative action of the INTERDEM Social Health Taskforce to operationalize this new health concept for people with dementia, more specifically the social domain, and to formulate directions for research and practice to promote social health in dementia. METHOD Based on the expertise of the Social Health Taskforce members (N = 54) three groups were formed that worked on operationalizing the three social health dimensions described by Huber et al.: (1) capacity to fulfil potential and obligations; (2) ability to manage life with some degree of independence; (3) participation in social activities. For each dimension also influencing factors, effective interventions and knowledge gaps were inventoried. After a consensus meeting, the operationalizations of the dimensions were reviewed by the European Working Group of People with Dementia (EWGPWD). RESULTS The social health dimensions could be well operationalized for people with dementia and are assessed as very relevant according to the Social Health Taskforce and EWGPWD. Personal (e.g. sense of coherence, competencies), disease-related (e.g. severity of cognitive impairments, comorbidity), social (support from network, stigma) and environmental factors (e.g. enabling design, accessibility) that can influence the person with dementia's social health and many interventions promoting social health were identified. CONCLUSION A consensus-based operationalization of social health in dementia is proposed, and factors that can influence, and interventions that improve, social health in dementia identified. Recommendations are made for research and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Dröes
- a Department of Psychiatry, Alzheimer Centre , EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Centre , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - R Chattat
- b Department of Psychology , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - A Diaz
- c Alzheimer Europe , Luxembourg , Luxembourg
| | - D Gove
- c Alzheimer Europe , Luxembourg , Luxembourg
| | - M Graff
- d Radboud University Medical Centre, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Scientific Institute for Quality of Healthcare, Radboud Alzheimer Centre , Nijmegen , The Netherlands
| | - K Murphy
- e School of Nursing and Midwifery, Aras Loyola, National University of Irelands , Galway , Ireland
| | - H Verbeek
- f Research School CAPHRI, Department of Health Services Research , Maastricht University , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - M Vernooij-Dassen
- d Radboud University Medical Centre, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Scientific Institute for Quality of Healthcare, Radboud Alzheimer Centre , Nijmegen , The Netherlands
| | - L Clare
- g Centre for Research in Ageing and Cognitive Health (REACH) , School of Psychology, University of Exeter, and PenCLAHRC, University of Exeter Medical School , Exeter , United Kingdom
| | - A Johannessen
- h Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health , VID Specialized University , Oslo , Norway
| | - M Roes
- i German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health , University of Witten/Herdecke , Witten , Germany
| | - F Verhey
- j Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology , Maastricht University , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - K Charras
- k Fondation Médéric Alzheimer , Psychosocial Interventions Department , Paris , France
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16
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Abstract
Viral hepatitis claims one million lives each year. Scaling up treatment for hepatitis B and C in resource-limited settings is not possible without access to reliable diagnostic tools. This article gives an overview of current technologies and the pipeline for easy-to-use assays for serological and virological analyses, which can be performed at the site of patient care ('point-of-care assays'). Furthermore, the utility of dried blood spots for hepatitis B and C viral load testing is discussed. In addition to simple and reliable diagnostics, there is a need for a sustainable funding scheme and generic production of antiviral drugs to reduce the burden of viral hepatitis worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Johannessen
- Centre for Imported and Tropical Diseases, Oslo University HospitalOslo, Norway,
Correspondence: Dr A. Johannessen, Centre for Imported and Tropical Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, PO Box 4956 Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway. E-mail:
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17
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Walfridsson H, Walfridsson U, Nielsen JC, Johannessen A, Raatikainen P, Janzon M, Levin LA, Aronsson M, Hindricks G, Kongstad O, Pehrson S, Englund A, Hartikainen J, Mortensen LS, Hansen PS. Radiofrequency ablation as initial therapy in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: results on health-related quality of life and symptom burden. The MANTRA-PAF trial. Europace 2015; 17:215-21. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euu342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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18
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Saure EW, Eagan TML, Jensen RL, Bakke PS, Johannessen A, Aanerud M, Nilsen RM, Thorsen E, Hardie JA. Predictors for PaO2 and hypoxemic respiratory failure in COPD-A three-year follow-up. COPD 2014; 11:531-8. [PMID: 24831555 DOI: 10.3109/15412555.2014.898027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Knowledge about predictors for developing hypoxemia in the course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) progression is limited. The objective of the present study was to investigate predictors for overall PaO2, for a potential change in PaO2 over time, and for first occurrence of hypoxemia. METHODS 419 patients aged 40-76 years with COPD GOLD stages II-IV underwent clinical and pulmonary function measurements, including repeated arterial blood gases over three years. Airway obstruction, lung hyperinflation, markers of systemic inflammation and cardiovascular health, exacerbation frequency, smoking habits, and body composition were tested as possible predictors of PaO2 and first episode of hypoxemia. RESULTS In multivariate adjusted longitudinal analyses, forced expiratory volume in 1 second, total lung capacity and functional residual capacity (all in% predicted), resting heart rate and fat mass index were all associated with overall PaO2 (all P < 0.005). We found no change in PaO2 over time (ρ = 0.33), nor did we find evidence that any of the tested variables predicted change in PaO2 over time. In multivariate adjusted survival analyses, functional residual capacity and resting heart rate were predictors of episodic hypoxemia (both ρ < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS This longitudinal study identified pulmonary, cardiac and metabolic risk factors for overall PaO2 and episodic hypoxemia, but detected no change in PaO2 over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- E W Saure
- 1Department of Clinical Science, Pulmonary Division, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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19
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Langård L, Slotte A, Skaret G, Johannessen A. Thermal stratification influences maturation and timing of spawning in a local Clupea harengus population. J Fish Biol 2014; 84:1202-1209. [PMID: 24588732 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 12/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Maturation and timing of spawning in relation to temperature were studied in a local Atlantic herring Clupea harengus population inhabiting a small semi-enclosed ecosystem (7 km(2)) separated from the larger outer fjord system by narrow sills on the west coast of Norway. Ambient temperatures varied annually up to 4° C during both the pre-spawning and spawning periods from February to April, but without affecting the spawning time. Instead, the timing of spawning was found to be related to thermal stratification in response to spring warming, which occurred about the same time every year regardless of initial temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Langård
- Department of Biology, University of Bergen, P. O. Box 7803, NO-5006, Bergen, Norway; Institute of Marine Research, P. O. Box 1870 Nordnes, NO-5817, Bergen, Norway
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Arbelo E, Brugada J, Hindricks G, Maggioni AP, Tavazzi L, Vardas P, Laroche C, Anselme F, Inama G, Jais P, Kalarus Z, Kautzner J, Lewalter T, Mairesse GH, Perez-Villacastin J, Riahi S, Taborsky M, Theodorakis G, Trines SA, Brugada J, Arbelo E, Hindriks G, Maggioni AP, Morgan J, Tavazzi L, Vardas P, Alonso A, Ferrari R, Komajda M, Tavazzi L, Wood D, Vardas P, Brugada J, Mairesse G, Taborsky M, Kautzner J, Lewalter T, Riahi S, Jais P, Anselme F, Theodorakis G, Inama G, Trines S, Kalarus Z, Villacastin JP, Maggioni AP, Manini M, Gracia G, Laroche C, Missiamenou V, Taylor C, Konte M, Fiorucci E, Lefrancq EF, Glémot M, McNeill PA, Bois T, Heidbüchel H, Nuyens D, Boland J, Dinraths V, Herzet JM, Hoffer E, Malmendier D, Massoz M, Pourbaix S, Ballant E, Blommaert D, Deceuninck O, Dormal F, Xhaet O, De Potter T, Geelen P, Derycker K, Duytschaever M, Tavernier R, Vandekerckhove Y, Vankats D, Bulava A, Hanis J, Sitek D, Blahova M, Cihak R, Hanyasova L, Jansova H, Peichl P, Tanzerova M, Wichterle D, Duda J, Haman L, Parizek P, Coling L, Neuzil P, Petru J, Sediva L, Skoda J, Chovancik J, Fiala M, Neuwirth R, Karlsdottir A, Pehrson S, Gerdes C, Jensen H, Lukac P, Nielsen JC, Hansen J, Johannessen A, Hansen PS, Pedersen A, Heath F, Hjortshoj S, Thogersen A, Da Costa A, Martel I, Romeyer-Bouchard C, Sadki N, Schmid A, Haissaguerre M, Hocini M, Knecht S, Sacher F, Ait Said M, Cauchemez B, Ledoux F, Thomas O, Cebron JP, Decarsin N, Gras D, Hervouet S, Durand C, Durand-Dubief A, Poty H, Babuty D, Pierre B, Albenque JP, Boveda S, Combes N, Mas R, Hermida JS, Kubala M, Godin B, Savouré A, Soublin Y, Defaye P, Jacon P, Brigadeau F, Corbut S, Flament-Balzola F, Kacet S, Klug D, Lacroix D, Copie X, Gilles L, Hocine Z, Paziaud O, Piot O, Crocq C, Kaballu G, Le Moal V, Lotton P, Mabo P, Pavin D, Andronache M, De Chillou C, Magnin-Poull I, Deharo JC, Durand C, Franceschi F, Peyrouse E, Prevot S, Etchegoin M, Extramiana F, Leenhardt A, Messali A, Heine T, Schneider A, Winter N, Brachmann J, Ritscher G, Schertel-Gruenler B, Simon H, Sinha AM, Turschner O, Wystrach A, Stemberg M, Kuck KH, Metzner A, Tilz R, Wissner E, Heitmann K, Willems S, Andresen D, Mueller S, Volkmer M, Schmidt B, Kostopoulou A, Livanis E, Voudris V, Efremidis M, Letsas K, Tsikrikas S, Christoforatou E, Ioannidis P, Katsivas A, Kourouklis S, Andrikopoulos G, Rassias I, Tzeis S, Dakos G, Paraskevaidis S, Stavropoulos G, Theofilogiannakos E, Vassilikos V, Bongiorni M, Zucchelli G, Raviele A, Themistoclakis S, Pratola C, Tritto M, Della Bella P, Mazzone P, Moltrasio M, Tondo C, Calo L, De Luca L, Guarracini F, Lioy E, Dozza L, Frigoli E, Giannelli L, Pappone C, Saviano M, Schiavina G, Vicedomini G, De Ponti R, Doni LA, Marazzi R, Salerno-Uriarte J, Tamborini C, Anselmino M, Ferraris F, Gaita F, Bertaglia E, Brandolino G, Zoppo F, De Groot N, Janse P, Jordaens L, Pison L, Roos C, Van Gelder I, Manusama R, Meijer A, Van der Voort P, Trines S, Compier MG, Kazmierczak J, Kornacewicz-Jach Z, Wielusinski M, Baran J, Kulakowski P, Dzidowski M, Fuglewicz A, Nowak K, Pruszkowska-Skrzep P, Wozniak A, Nowak S, Trusz-Gluza M, Almendral J, Atienza F, Castellanos E, De Diego C, Ortiz M, Moreno Planas J, Perez Castellano N, Benezet J, Farre Muncharaz J, Rubio Campal J, Hernandez Madrid A, Matia R, Arana E, Pedrote A, Cozar R, Peinado R, Valverde I, Arbelo E, Berruezo A, Calvo N, Guiu E, Husseini S, Mont Girbau L. The Atrial Fibrillation Ablation Pilot Study: an European Survey on Methodology and results of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation conducted by the European Heart Rhythm Association. Eur Heart J 2014; 35:1466-78. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehu001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Arbelo
- Department of Cardiology, Thorax Institute, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, C/ Villarroel 170, 6° - Escala 3, 08036, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Brugada
- Department of Cardiology, Thorax Institute, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, C/ Villarroel 170, 6° - Escala 3, 08036, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Aldo P. Maggioni
- EURObservational Research Programme, European Society of Cardiology, Sophia – Antipolis, France
| | - Luigi Tavazzi
- GVM Care and Research, E.S. Health Science Foundation, Maria Cecilia Hospital, Cotignola, Italy
| | - Panos Vardas
- Department of Cardiology, Heraklion University Hospital, Crete, Greece
| | - Cécile Laroche
- EURObservational Research Programme, European Society of Cardiology, Sophia – Antipolis, France
| | - Frédéric Anselme
- Service De Cardiologie, Hôpital Charles Nicolle, Rouen Cedex, France
| | | | - Pierre Jais
- Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, Bordeaux-Pessac, France
| | - Zbigniew Kalarus
- Department of Cardiology, Silesian Academy of Medicine, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Josef Kautzner
- Department of Cardiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine (IKEM), Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | | | | | - Sam Riahi
- AF Study Group, Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Milos Taborsky
- Internal Cardiology Department, Faculty Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | | | - Serge A. Trines
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Raatikainen P, Nielsen JC, Johannessen A, Hakalahti A, Hindricks G, Walfridsson H, Mortensen LS, Hansen PS. Catheter ablation versus antiarrhythmic medication as first line therapy in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: on treatment analysis of the MANTRA-PAF data. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht309.3535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Walfridsson H, Cosedis Nielsen J, Johannessen A, Raatikainen P, Hartikainen J, Walfridsson U, Levin LA, Janzon M, Aronsson M, Hansen PS. Radiofrequency ablation as initial therapy in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: results on health-related quality of life and symptom burden (The MANTRA-PAF trial). Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht307.p514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Karasoy D, Torp-Pedersen C, Gislason G, Hansen J, Johannessen A, Merie C, Ozcan C, Hvidtfeldt M, Hansen ML. Risk of stroke after radiofrequency ablation of atrial fibrillation: 10-year follow-up of Danish nationwide cohort. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht308.1606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Johannessen A, Krankowsky D. Positive-ion composition measurement in the upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere at a high latitude during summer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/ja077i016p02888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Kivuyo SL, Johannessen A, Trøseid M, Kasubi MJ, Gundersen SG, Naman E, Mushi D, Ngowi BJ, Mfinanga GS, Bruun JN. p24 antigen detection on dried blood spots is a feasible and reliable test for infant HIV infection in rural Tanzania. Int J STD AIDS 2012; 22:719-21. [PMID: 22174052 DOI: 10.1258/ijsa.2009.009382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The difficulty of diagnosing HIV in infants is a major obstacle to early antiretroviral therapy (ART) in resource-limited settings. As serological tests are unreliable during the first 18 months of life, and the cost and complexity of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assays limit their access in resource-limited settings, p24 antigen detection has emerged as an alternative diagnostic tool. In this study, the performance of an ultrasensitive p24 antigen assay on dried blood spots was evaluated under field conditions in rural Tanzania. Specimens were stored and shipped at tropical room temperature, and analysed within six weeks. In total, 27 consecutive children aged <18 months and exposed to vertical HIV transmission were enrolled. Overall sensitivity and specificity was 100% (95% confidence interval [CI], 47.8-100) and 95.5% (95% CI, 77.2-99.9), respectively. Our findings suggest that detection of p24 antigen on dried blood spots can be a reliable and feasible diagnostic tool for infant HIV infection in rural resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Kivuyo
- National Institute for Medical Research, Muhimbili Medical Research Centre, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
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Partridge KA, Johannessen A, Tauler A, Pryme IF, Hesketh JE. Competition between the signal sequence and a 3'UTR localisation signal during redirection of beta-globin mRNA to the endoplasmic reticulum: implications for biotechnology. Cytotechnology 2011; 30:37-47. [PMID: 19003354 DOI: 10.1023/a:1008079901508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Secretion of an intracellular protein from a cell factory requires as a first step the redirection of the mRNA for synthesis of the protein on the endoplasmic reticulum. The feasibility of retargeting a mRNA coding for an intracellular protein to the endoplasmic reticulum was investigated using Ltk- fibroblasts stably transfected with gene constructs in which rabbit beta-globin coding region and 5'UTR was linked to albumin signal sequence and different 3'untranslated regions. Globin transcripts with the native globin 3'untranslated region or with the 3'untranslated region of c-myc are present in free/cytoskeletal-bound polysomes. The addition of the signal sequence from rat albumin redirects both these globin transcripts to membrane-bound polysomes but the presence of the c-myc 3'UTR reduces the extent of redirection. Globin transcripts with both the signal sequence and 3'untranslated region from the albumin gene are efficiently redirected to membrane-bound polysomes. The results suggest competition between 5' and 3' localising signals. The addition of the signal sequence does not destabilise the mRNA nor affect translational efficiency. It is concluded that it is possible to retarget an mRNA to the endoplasmic reticulum while maintaining stability and translational capacity. This has important implications for the development of vectors to promote secretion of intracellular proteins from cell factories.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Partridge
- Intracellular Targeting Group, Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen, AB21 9SB, UK
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Johannessen A. Drug resistance is widespread among children who receive long-term antiretroviral treatment at a rural Tanzanian hospital--author's response. J Antimicrob Chemother 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkr042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Sorheim IC, Johannessen A, Gulsvik A, Bakke PS, Silverman EK, DeMeo DL. Author's response. Thorax 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/thx.2010.153478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Eagan TML, Aukrust P, Ueland T, Hardie JA, Johannessen A, Mollnes TE, Damås JK, Bakke PS, Wagner PD. Body composition and plasma levels of inflammatory biomarkers in COPD. Eur Respir J 2010; 36:1027-33. [PMID: 20413541 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00194209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies suggest a relationship between systemic inflammation and body composition in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We examined the relationships between body composition (fat free mass index (FFMI) kg·m(-2) and fat mass index (FMI) kg·m(-2)) and three plasma inflammatory markers C-reactive Protein (CRP), soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor 1 (sTNF-R1) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) in 409 stable COPD patients (aged 40-75 yrs, Global Initiative for Obstructive Chronic Lung Disease (GOLD) categories II-IV, 249 male) from the Bergen COPD Cohort Study in Norway. FFMI and FMI were measured by bioelectrical impedance. Plasma CRP (μg·mL(-1)), sTNF-R1 (pg·mL(-1)) and OPG (ng·mL(-1)) were determined by enzyme immunoassays. Correlations and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for bivariate analyses. Linear regression models were fitted for each of the three markers, CRP, sTNF-R1 and OPG, with FFMI and FMI as explanatory variables including sex, age, smoking habits, GOLD category, hypoxaemia, Charlson Comorbidity Index and inhaled steroid use as potential confounders. CRP and sTNF-R1 levels correlated positively with both FFMI and FMI. The adjusted regression coefficients for an increase in logCRP per unit increase in FFMI was 1.23 (1.14-1.33) kg·m(-2) and 24.9 (11.8-38.1) kg·m(-2) for sTNF-R1. Higher FMI was associated with a lower OPG, with adjusted regression coefficient -0.14 (-0.23- -0.04), whereas FFMI was unrelated to OPG. In conclusion, COPD patients with low FFMI had lower not higher plasma levels of CRP and sTNF-R1, whereas higher fat mass was associated with higher CRP and sTNF-R1 and lower OPG.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M L Eagan
- Dept of Thoracic Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Jonas Lies vei, 5021 Bergen, Norway.
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Johannessen A, Eagan TML, Omenaas ER, Bakke PS, Gulsvik A. Socioeconomic risk factors for lung function decline in a general population. Eur Respir J 2010; 36:480-7. [PMID: 20150201 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00186509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The aim of our study was to examine sex-specific associations between different aspects of socioeconomic status (SES) (educational level, occupational status, income) and lung function in a general adult population. In the Hordaland County Cohort Study, 1,644 subjects aged 26-82 yrs at baseline answered questionnaires and performed post-bronchodilator spirometry both in 1996-1997 and in 2003-2006. We performed adjusted linear regression analysis on the effect of SES on decline in forced experimental volume in 1 s (FEV(1)), forced vital capacity (FVC) and FEV(1)/FVC. Mean annual decline in FEV(1) from baseline to follow-up was 57 mL (se 1.3) and 48 mL (se 1.0) for males and females, respectively. Males had a larger decline in FVC than females, while females had a larger decline in FEV(1)/FVC. Lower education and low occupational status were associated with larger male lung function decline. SES did not affect female lung function decline. However, marital status was a significant predictor; unmarried females had less decline than both married and widowed females in both FEV(1) (adjusted mean annual difference 8 mL and 16 mL) and FVC (adjusted mean annual difference 8 mL and 18 mL). Low SES was associated with increased lung function decline in males. For females, marital status was more important.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Johannessen
- Centre for Clinical Research, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway.
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Johannessen A, Troseid M, Calmy A. Dried blood spots can expand access to virological monitoring of HIV treatment in resource-limited settings. J Antimicrob Chemother 2009; 64:1126-9. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkp353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
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Nielsen R, Johannessen A, Bakke P, Askildsen J, Omenaas E, Gulsvik A. How expensive is comorbidity in COPD? Respir Med 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0954-6111(09)70018-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Jons C, Hansen PS, Johannessen A, Hindricks G, Raatikainen P, Kongstad O, Walfridsson H, Pehrson S, Almroth H, Hartikainen J, Petersen AK, Mortensen LS, Nielsen JC. The Medical ANtiarrhythmic Treatment or Radiofrequency Ablation in Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation (MANTRA-PAF) Trial: clinical rationale, study design, and implementation. Europace 2009; 11:917-23. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/eup122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Nielsen R, Johannessen A, Benediktsdottir B, Gislason T, Buist AS, Gulsvik A, Sullivan SD, Lee TA. Present and future costs of COPD in Iceland and Norway: results from the BOLD study. Eur Respir J 2009; 34:850-7. [PMID: 19357148 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00166108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) initiative provides standardised estimates of the burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) worldwide. We estimate the current and future economic burden of COPD in Reykjavik, Iceland and Bergen, Norway using data from the BOLD initiative. Data on utilisation of healthcare resources were gathered from the BOLD survey, existing literature and unit costs from national sources. Economic data were applied to a Markov model using transition probabilities derived from Framingham data. Sensitivity analyses were conducted varying unit costs, utilisation and prevalence of disease. The cost of COPD was 478 euro per patient per yr in Iceland and 284 euro per patient per yr in Norway. The estimated cumulative costs of COPD for the population aged > or = 40 yrs, were 130 million euro and 1,539 million euro for the following 10 yrs in Iceland and Norway, respectively. Costs of COPD accounted for 1.2 and 0.7% of healthcare budgets in Iceland and Norway, respectively. Sensitivity analyses showed estimates were most sensitive to changes in exacerbation frequency. COPD has a significant economic burden in both Iceland and Norway and will grow in the future. Interventions aimed at avoiding exacerbations will have the most impact on costs of COPD over the next 20 yrs.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Nielsen
- Section of Thoracic Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
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Johannessen A, Omenaas ER, Bakke PS, Gulsvik A. Implications of reversibility testing on prevalence and risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a community study. Thorax 2005; 60:842-7. [PMID: 16085729 PMCID: PMC1747202 DOI: 10.1136/thx.2005.043943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) has defined chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as a post-bronchodilator ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 second to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) of <0.7. In the first general population based study to apply post-bronchodilator values, the prevalence and predictors of GOLD defined COPD were assessed and the implications of beta2 agonist reversibility testing examined. METHODS Based on a random population sample, 2235 subjects (77%) aged 26-82 years performed spirometric tests before and 15 minutes after inhaling 0.3 mg salbutamol. RESULTS The prevalence of GOLD defined COPD was 7.0% (95% confidence interval (CI) 5.9 to 8.0). This estimate was 27% lower than COPD defined without bronchodilatation. One percent of the population had severe or very severe COPD. Compared with women, men had 3.1 (95% CI 2.1 to 4.8) times higher odds for COPD. Subjects with a smoking history of more than 20 pack years had an odds ratio (OR) of 6.2 (95% CI 3.4 to 11.0) for COPD relative to never-smokers, while subjects older than 75 years had an OR of 18.0 (95% CI 9.2 to 35.0) relative to those below 45 years. Subjects with primary education only had an OR of 2.8 (95% CI 1.4 to 5.3) compared with those with university education. Subjects with body mass index (BMI) <20 kg/m2 were more likely than subjects with BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2 to have COPD (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.1 to 5.3). The adjusted proportion of COPD attributable to smoking was 68%. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that community programmes on prevention of COPD should focus on anti-smoking, nutritional aspects, and socioeconomic conditions. The effect of beta2 reversibility testing on prevalence estimates of COPD was substantial.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Johannessen
- Institute of Medicine, University of Bergen, N-5021 Bergen, Norway.
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Johannessen A, Omenaas E, Bakke P, Gulsvik A. Incidence of GOLD-defined chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a general adult population. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2005; 9:926-32. [PMID: 16104642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
SETTING The incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as defined by the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) has not previously been examined. OBJECTIVE To estimate cumulative 9-year GOLD-defined COPD incidence in a general adult Norwegian population, to analyse sex, age, smoking habits and residential area as predictors, and to assess the level of underdiagnosis. DESIGN Based on a random stratified population sample examined in 1987-1988, 908 adults (71%) participated in a follow-up examination in 1996-1997. Associations between risk factors and COPD incidence were examined with logistic regression analyses. RESULTS The cumulative incidence of COPD among persons at risk in 1987-1988 was 6.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] 4.0-8.1). Adjusted odds ratios (OR) for current smokers and ex-smokers were 9.6 (95% CI 3.6-25.2) and 5.0 (95% CI 1.8-13.8), compared to never smokers. Risk for COPD incidence further increased with pack years. Subjects aged 45-74 had an OR of 9.8 (95% CI 4.3-22.5) relative to those aged 18-44. Sex and residential area were not significantly associated with COPD incidence. Only 43% of the incident cases had physician-diagnosed asthma, bronchitis, emphysema and/or COPD. CONCLUSION Approximately 6% developed COPD over 9 years. Smoking and aging were important incidence predictors. Our study suggests a substantial underdiagnosis of COPD among adults in this community.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Johannessen
- Institute of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
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Ballegaard S, Borg E, Karpatschof B, Nyboe J, Johannessen A. Long-Term Effects of Integrated Rehabilitation in Patients with Advanced Angina Pectoris: A Nonrandomized Comparative Study. J Altern Complement Med 2004; 10:777-83. [PMID: 15650466 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2004.10.777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES An evaluation of Integrative Rehabilitation (IR) of patients with angina pectoris with respect to death rate, the need for invasive treatment, and cost effectiveness. DESIGN A report from a clinical database. Death rates were compared to those of the general Danish population matched for age, gender, and observation period, as well as with data from the literature concerning medical and invasive treatments. SETTING The treatment was carried out as an ambulatory treatment in a private clinic. SUBJECTS One hundred and sixty-eight (168) patients with angina pectoris, of whom 103 were candidates for invasive treatment and 65 for whom this had been rejected. INTERVENTIONS Integrated rehabilitation consists of acupuncture, a self-care program including acupressure, Chinese health philosophy, stress management techniques, and lifestyle adjustments. OUTCOME MEASURES Death rate from any cause, the need for invasive treatment, and health care expenses. RESULTS The 3-year accumulated risk of death was 2.0% (95% confidence limits: 0.0%-4.7%) for the 103 candidates for invasive treatment, 6.4% for the general Danish population, 5.4% (4.7%-6.1%), and 8.4% (7.7%-9.1%) for patients who underwent percutaneous transluminal balloon angioplasty and coronary artery bypass grafting, respectively, in New York. For the 65 inoperable patients the risk of death due to heart disease was 7.7% (3.9%-11.5%), compared to 16% (10%-34%) and 25% (18%-36%) for American patients, who were treated with laser revascularization or medication, respectively. Of the 103 candidates for invasive treatment, only 19 (18%) still required surgery. Cost savings over 3 years were US 36,000 dollars and US 22,000 dollars for surgical and nonsurgical patients, respectively. These were mainly achieved by the reduction in the use of invasive treatment and a 95% reduction in in-hospital days. CONCLUSIONS Integrated rehabilitation was found to be cost effective, and added years to the lives of patients with severe angina pectoris. The results invite further testing in a randomized trial.
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Johannessen A. Summary and conclusions from the SIWI Seminar for Young Water Professionals Drainage basin security--implications of virtual water trade and agricultural subsidies at regional, national and local levels. Water Sci Technol 2004; 49:215-218. [PMID: 15195442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This is a summary of the Young Water Professionals Seminar involving more than 50 young people from all over the world working with water. The presentations and following discussion were very lively and were about how subsidies and trade barriers imposed by the developed countries are influencing the income-generating capacity of millions of people in the developing world. Even though this is a very complex issue not easily resolved during the seminar it was also clear that there are some fundamental problems that need to be addressed. The importance of looking for solutions at different levels (i.e. local, regional, national) was highlighted as well as the policy of double standards, preaching free trade but only for the benefit of overdeveloped countries themselves. Further it was discussed how to achieve basin security through food security, and managing water for food security. The conclusion was that win-win solutions would be made if agricultural subsidies were to be completely removed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Johannessen
- Department of Systems Ecology, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Johannessen A. Summary and conclusions from the SIWI seminar for young water professionals water and sustainable development--how to ensure development without compromising sustainability? Water Sci Technol 2003; 47:211-213. [PMID: 12731795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
There is a need to create a balance between development and conservation in order to find a way to mitigate the conflicting interest of water for society, the environment and the economy. Apart from finding a solution to this there is a need to get the mesaage across to the decision makers. How do we make good ideas permeate policy and translate into concrete programs? The Young Water Professionals gave their view through presentations and discussions. It was argued that the answer was not to be found only in environmental science but also in the political and social arena. It was argued that the sanctioned discourse is a powerful force in water allocation and management. How can a balance be struck? Many argued for a unique design of a policy for the whole catchment, acknowledging ecology and existing institutions. Furthermore, many argued in favor of building on existing institutions and steward groups for sustainability and increase their adaptive capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Johannessen
- Stockholm International Water Institute (SIWI), and the Natural Resource Management division at the Department of Systems Ecology, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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Ballegaard S, Johannessen A, Karpatschof B, Nyboe J. Addition of acupuncture and self-care education in the treatment of patients with severe angina pectoris may be cost beneficial: an open, prospective study. J Altern Complement Med 1999; 5:405-13. [PMID: 10537240 DOI: 10.1089/acm.1999.5.405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A cost-benefit analysis of acupuncture and self-care education in the treatment of patients with angina pectoris. DESIGN An open prospective study on an unselected group of patients. For comparison of risk three control groups were used: (1) published data concerning medical and invasive treatments; (2) an age- and sex matched group obtained from a randomly selected Danish population of 14,000 people; and (3) the 211 patients in this group with angina pectoris symptoms. SETTING The treatment was carried out on a outpatient basis in a private research clinic. SUBJECTS 105 patients with angina pectoris, 73 candidates for invasive treatment, and 32 for whom this was rejected. INTERVENTIONS Acupuncture and self-care education was added to the pharmaceutical treatment. OUTCOME MEASURES Healthcare expenses, a satisfactory medical status defined as New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification 0-I and/or no use of antianginal medication, and risk measured as cardiac death or myocardial infarction. RESULTS The estimated cost savings during 5 years were $32,000 (U.S.) per patient, mainly due to a 90% reduction in hospitalization and 70% reduction in needed surgery. Compared to 8% before treatment, 53% of the patients achieved a life without limitations (NYHA 0-I) 1 year after treatment, as did 69% after 5 years. No increased risk for myocardial infarction or cardiac death was observed. CONCLUSIONS The addition of acupuncture and self-care education was found to be cost beneficial in patients with advanced angina pectoris. The results invite further testing in a randomized controlled trial.
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Hesketh J, Jodar D, Johannessen A, Partridge K, Pryme I, Tauler A. Enrichment of specific mRNAs in cytoskeletal-bound and membrane-bound polysomes in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Biochem Soc Trans 1996; 24:187S. [PMID: 8736845 DOI: 10.1042/bst024187s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Hesketh
- Intracellular Targeting Group, Rowett Research Institute, Aberdeen, UK
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Abstract
In a new method for measurement of inactive rat plasma renin, the trypsin generated angiotensin I immunoreactive material, which was HPLC characterized as similar to tetradecapeptide renin substrate, is removed by a cation exchange resin before the renin incubation step. The method also corrects for trypsin destruction of endogenous angiotensinogen by the addition of exogenous angiotensinogen. When measured with this method inactive renin in rat plasma decreased after nephrectomy and increased after adrenalectomy. This is in accordance with findings in humans. A sexual dimorphism of prorenin (inactive renin) in rat plasma, similar to that reported in humans and mice, was demonstrated. Thus, inactive renin in the rat is no exception among species, and the rat might be a suitable animal model for further studies dealing with the physiology of prorenin in plasma and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Poulsen
- Institute for Anatomy and Physiology, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Frederiksberg, Denmark
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Nielsen AH, Johannessen A, Poulsen K. Adrenalectomy causes a delayed increase of inactive plasma renin in rats. J Hypertens 1991; 9:239-40. [PMID: 1851787 DOI: 10.1097/00004872-199103000-00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Using a new assay for inactive renin in rat plasma, inactive renin was unchanged 24 h after bilateral adrenalectomy but increased about threefold, from 0.43 Goldblatt units (GU)/l (range 0.27-0.62 GU/l; n = 14) to 1.24 GU/l (0.74-1.94 GU/l; n = 14) after 48 h. The increase was abolished by substitution with the mineralocorticoid deoxycorticosterone acetate. The results are in accordance with the high plasma concentration of inactive renin, previously reported in humans with adrenal insufficiency, and do not support activation of inactive renin in the circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Nielsen
- Institute for Anatomy and Physiology, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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Abstract
In this paper we describe a routine method of measuring inactive renin in rat plasma. The activation was performed by trypsin, at optimal concentration and incubation conditions. The trypsin treatment formed an interfering and high-performance liquid chromatography-verified tetradecapeptide-like material, which was removed before the assay by a simple batchwise use of a cation-exchange resin. The concentration of activated inactive renin was measured by an antibody-trapping method after the addition of exogenous angiotensinogen. Angiotensinogen was added in order to compensate for the trypsin destruction of angiotensinogen and in order to measure the parameter of renin concentration. The inactive renin concentration in plasma of conscious male rats was 0.48 +/- 0.13 Goldblatt units (GU) per litre (n = 38). This corresponds to 66% (range 42-92%) of the total renin concentration. Physiological experiments in conscious rats were initiated, demonstrating that nephrectomy decreased the inactive renin concentration from 0.45 +/- 0.14 to 0.27 +/- 0.05 GU/l after 24 h (n = 21; P less than 0.01). Submandibular sialoadenectomy decreased the plasma inactive renin concentration from 0.45 +/- 0.11 to 0.34 +/- 0.06 GU/l (n = 12; P less than 0.05) after 7 days. Combined sialoadenectomy and nephrectomy decreased the plasma inactive renin concentration from 0.45 +/- 0.11 to 0.24 +/- 0.06 (n = 12; P less than 0.01).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Johannessen
- Institute for Biochemistry, Immunology and Microbiology, Royal Dental College, Panum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Abstract
The plasma concentration of inactive renin was higher (p less than 0.002) in male (0.48 Goldblatt units (GU)/l, range 0.28-0.67 GU/l; n = 20) than in female rats (0.19 GU/l, range 0.09-0.30 GU/l; n = 20). This new finding indicates a sexual dimorphism of inactive plasma renin similar to that recently reported in mice and humans. Castration of male rats (n = 10) decreased (p less than 0.01) inactive plasma renin from 0.45 GU/l (range 0.22-0.65 GU/l) to 0.26 GU/l (range 0.15-0.37 GU/l) over a period of seven weeks. Similarly, inactive renin decreased (p less than 0.01) from 0.50 GU/l (range 0.28-0.67 GU/l) to 0.30 GU/l (range 0.19-0.47 GU/l) during treatment with the anti-androgen flutamide (n = 10). In castrated male rats (n = 10), inactive plasma renin was unaffected of substitution with testosterone. In intact female rats (n = 10), inactive renin increased (p less than 0.05) from 0.18 GU/l (range 0.12-0.30 GU/l) to 0.27 GU/l (range 0.15-0.40 GU/L) during testosterone treatment. Our findings indicate that androgens may be involved in the regulation of the plasma concentration of inactive renin in rats, but also suggest that other factors may be of importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Johannessen
- Institute for Anatomy and Physiology, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Frederiksberg, Denmark
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Johannessen A, Nielsen AH, Jacobsen J, Poulsen K. Solution of methodological problems in measurement of inactive renin in rat plasma using trypsin activation, and the effect of nephrectomy and sialo-adenectomy on inactive plasma renin. J Hypertens Suppl 1989; 7:S224-5. [PMID: 2698932 DOI: 10.1097/00004872-198900076-00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Trypsin activation of rat plasma destroys angiotensinogen and generates a tetradecapeptide-like material, verified by high performance liquid chromatography, which interferes with the measurement of inactive renin. Using an assay based on removal of the material by a cation-exchange resin and the addition of exogenous angiotensinogen, the plasma concentration of inactive renin in intact conscious male rat was 0.48 GU/l (range 0.28-0.67 GU/l, n = 20). Inactive renin comprised about 70% of the total plasma renin. The level of inactive renin was unchanged 24 h after bilateral nephrectomy and 7 days after submandibular sialo-adenectomy. Bilateral nephrectomy of previously sialo-adenectomized rats decreased the level of inactive renin significantly. Our findings are in contrast to the marked increase, reported by several other investigators, in inactive plasma renin in rats following bilateral nephrectomy, and do not support the previously suggested, mainly extrarenal, origin of inactive plasma renin.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Johannessen
- Institute of Biochemistry, Royal Dental College, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Johannessen A, Nielsen AH, Jacobsen J, Poulsen K. On the measurement of inactive renin in rat plasma: activation by trypsin generates interfering tetradecapeptide-like material and destroys angiotensinogen. J Hypertens 1989; 7:395-402. [PMID: 2671159 DOI: 10.1097/00004872-198905000-00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Trypsin cleaved plasma angiotensinogen with apparent first-order kinetics and generated an angiotensin I (Ang I) immunoreactive material. Size exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) of rat plasma proteins demonstrated that the Ang I immunoreactive material was formed in those fractions which contained angiotensinogen. The Ang I immunoreactive material was higher in nephrectomized rat plasma than normal plasma, in accordance with the higher angiotensinogen concentration. These findings indicated that angiotensinogen could be the source of the Ang I immunoreactive material. Purification of the Ang I immunoreactive material by cation-exchange chromatography followed by reverse-phase HPLC demonstrated an elution pattern close to that of human tetradecapeptide. The purified Ang I immunoreactive material was cleaved by pure mouse submandibular renin to Ang I, exclusively. Incubation at 37 degrees C of the Ang I immunoreactive material with plasma partially destroyed the angiotensin immunoreactive material. These findings demonstrated that the angiotensin immunoreactive material was an Ang I containing tetradecapeptide (TDP)-like peptide, unstable during a renin incubation step, leading to erroneous values for plasma inactive renin if not removed. The Ang I immunoreactive material was removed by cation-exchange chromatography of trypsin-activated plasma allowing for a determination of inactive renin. The presence of inactive renin in plasma from normal and nephrectomized rats was confirmed, and identified by neutralization and immunoprecipitation with antirenins. These findings should enable us to develop a routine assay for plasma inactive renin in rat plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Johannessen
- Institute of Biochemistry, Immunology and Microbiology, Royal Dental College, Copenhagen N, Denmark
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Abstract
1. The plasma concentration of inactive renin was two- to three-fold higher in male than in female mice independently of whether mice of strains with low (BALB/c) or high (Theiller) content of active renin in the submandibular salivary glands were studied. 2. Removal of the submandibular glands did not affect the high plasma concentration of inactive renin in male mice. 3. Inactive plasma renin decreased over several days after castration of normal and sialoadenectomized male mice to the same levels as those found in normal female mice. 4. Treatment of these castrated male mice with testosterone increased and normalized inactive plasma renin independently of whether the submandibular glands had been previously removed or not. 5. Testosterone treatment of sialoadenectomized female mice increased inactive renin to the same levels as those found in normal male mice. 6. Our findings suggest that the sex difference in inactive plasma renin in mice may be explained by an increased secretion of inactive renin in male mice stimulated by androgens. 7. Since we have recently found that inactive plasma renin in male mice is mainly of renal origin, this increased secretion is most likely located to the kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Nielsen
- Institute of Biochemistry, Royal Dental College, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Abstract
The occurrence of IgM rheumatoid factors (RF) was studied in a random sample of 8807 persons aged between 20 and 50 years in Tromsø, North Norway. Seropositivity for IgM RF was defined as a Waaler titre of 40 or more. A total prevalence of IgM RF of 1.36% was found, and a prevalence between 0.48-0.94% was found among the healthy persons, with no sex difference. Approximately 50% of IgM Rf positives are thus healthy. Only 11% of those with IgM RF suffered from rheumatoid arthritis. The majority of RF positive sera from healthy persons were low titred, and 81% of them converted to seronegativity in the course of 3.5 years. A low titred IgM RF appears rather harmless, while a high titre indicates a specific disease process. No association between IgM RF and DR4 could be found in healthy persons. The frequencies of Gm-allotypes a, b, e, f-n and x in healthy, RF positive individuals did not differ from the RF positive patients with RA, suggesting that the Gm-allotypes are not involved in the genetic pre-disposition for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Husby
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Tromsø, Norway
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Joffe P, Andersen LW, Mølvig J, Kyst A, Johannessen A. Intravenous lidocaine in the treatment of pruritus in hemodialysis patients. Clin Nephrol 1985; 24:214. [PMID: 3905101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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