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Condrea F, Rapaka S, Itu L, Sharma P, Sperl J, Ali AM, Leordeanu M. Anatomically aware dual-hop learning for pulmonary embolism detection in CT pulmonary angiograms. Comput Biol Med 2024; 174:108464. [PMID: 38613894 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary Embolisms (PE) represent a leading cause of cardiovascular death. While medical imaging, through computed tomographic pulmonary angiography (CTPA), represents the gold standard for PE diagnosis, it is still susceptible to misdiagnosis or significant diagnosis delays, which may be fatal for critical cases. Despite the recently demonstrated power of deep learning to bring a significant boost in performance in a wide range of medical imaging tasks, there are still very few published researches on automatic pulmonary embolism detection. Herein we introduce a deep learning based approach, which efficiently combines computer vision and deep neural networks for pulmonary embolism detection in CTPA. Our method brings novel contributions along three orthogonal axes: (1) automatic detection of anatomical structures; (2) anatomical aware pretraining, and (3) a dual-hop deep neural net for PE detection. We obtain state-of-the-art results on the publicly available multicenter large-scale RSNA dataset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florin Condrea
- Institute of Mathematics of the Romanian Academy "Simion Stoilow, Bucharest, Romania; Advanta, Siemens, 15 Noiembrie Bvd, Brasov, 500097, Romania.
| | | | - Lucian Itu
- Advanta, Siemens, 15 Noiembrie Bvd, Brasov, 500097, Romania
| | | | | | - A Mohamed Ali
- Siemens Healthcare Private Limited, Mumbai, 400079, India
| | - Marius Leordeanu
- Institute of Mathematics of the Romanian Academy "Simion Stoilow, Bucharest, Romania; Advanta, Siemens, 15 Noiembrie Bvd, Brasov, 500097, Romania; Polytechnic University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
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2
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Subri S, Ali AM, Salleh SN. Computer vision syndrome and dry eye symptoms among breastfeeding women. Med J Malaysia 2024; 79:128-133. [PMID: 38555897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Breastfeeding women are susceptible to musculoskeletal symptoms and hormonal changes that can affect the ocular surface. As exposure to visual display units (VDU) that is known to cause symptoms of dry eye and computer vision syndrome (CVS) is increasing worldwide, including among breastfeeding women, it is unknown whether this group of VDU users would experience CVS more than non-breastfeeding women. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between breastfeeding status and symptoms of CVS and dry eye. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this cross-sectional study, selfreported CVS and dry eye symptoms were compared between 80 breastfeeding and 72 non-breastfeeding VDU users. Two questionnaires were administered online, which were the CVS-Questionnaire (CVS-Q) and the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, to evaluate symptoms of CVS and dry eye, respectively. Mann-Whitney test was used to compare CVS and OSDI scores between groups, while correlations between the scores were analyzed using Spearman's test. RESULT Results showed that OSDI scores were significantly higher in the non-breastfeeding group (U = 2263, z-score = - 2.276, p = 0.023), indicating more dry eye symptoms experienced by respondents in this group, while no significant group difference was found in terms of CVS scores (U = 2772, z-score = -0.400, p = 0.689). Additionally, no significant association was observed between breastfeeding status and severity of dry eye symptoms as well as CVS symptoms. CONCLUSION This study reported the possible benefit of breastfeeding in reducing dry eye symptoms. The CVS symptoms found in the breastfeeding group were possibly due to VDU usage rather than caused by breastfeeding. Public education on preventive measures to reduce the occurrence of CVS symptoms and ocular dryness among VDU users is essential to improve the quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Subri
- Universiti Teknologi MARA, Faculty of Health Sciences, Centre for Optometry Studies, Puncak Alam Campus, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - A M Ali
- UCSI University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S N Salleh
- Focus Point Vision Care Group, 105 Jalan Sultan Abdul Jalil, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia
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3
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Zakaraia HG, Salem HF, Mostafa MAA, Ali AM, Rabea H. Adding empagliflozin to sitagliptin plus metformin vs. adding sitagliptin to empagliflozin plus metformin as triple therapy in Egyptian patients with type 2 diabetes: a 12-week open trial. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:7289-7298. [PMID: 37606137 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202308_33300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare 12.5 mg empagliflozin effectiveness and safety vs. 50 mg sitagliptin twice daily as an add-on triple medication in Egyptians with type 2 diabetes. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) between 53 and 86 mmol/mol after receiving open-label either sitagliptin 50 mg (n = 85) or empagliflozin 12.5 mg (n = 85) twice daily for 12 weeks were afterward taken into account for the administration of open-label empagliflozin 12.5 mg (n = 40) and sitagliptin 50 mg (n = 28) respectively twice daily for another 12 weeks of treatment as an added-on triple therapy. Both groups of patients kept taking metformin and empagliflozin 12.5 mg or sitagliptin 50 mg twice daily as prescribed. The HbA1c change from baseline after 12 weeks of triple-added-on therapy was the main endpoint. RESULTS The sitagliptin group receiving empagliflozin saw a substantial drop in HbA1c, fasting and postprandial plasma glucose levels, body weight, and blood pressure compared to the starting point. As opposed to that, adding sitagliptin to the empagliflozin group non-significantly reduced HbA1c, fasting, and postprandial plasma glucose levels, and systolic blood pressure from baseline but significantly reduced body weight and diastolic blood pressure. Comparing the two groups, adding empagliflozin significantly reduced HbA1c, fasting, and postprandial plasma glucose levels (p < 0.001 for all except fasting plasma glucose level, p = 0.002). While the patient's weight and blood pressure were not significantly affected. CONCLUSIONS Empagliflozin was superior to sitagliptin in relation to glycemic control, weight, and systolic/diastolic blood pressure reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- H G Zakaraia
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufia, Egypt.
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4
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Winkel DJ, Suryanarayana VR, Ali AM, Görich J, Buß SJ, Mendoza A, Schwemmer C, Sharma P, Schoepf UJ, Rapaka S. Deep learning for vessel-specific coronary artery calcium scoring: validation on a multi-centre dataset. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2022; 23:846-854. [PMID: 34322693 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeab119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To present and validate a fully automated, deep learning (DL)-based branch-wise coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring algorithm on a multi-centre dataset. METHODS AND RESULTS We retrospectively included 1171 patients referred for a CAC computed tomography examination. Total CAC scores for each case were manually evaluated by a human reader. Next, each dataset was fully automatically evaluated by the DL-based software solution with output of the total CAC score and sub-scores per coronary artery (CA) branch [right coronary artery (RCA), left main (LM), left anterior descending (LAD), and circumflex (CX)]. Three readers independently manually scored the CAC for all CA branches for 300 cases from a single centre and formed the consensus using a majority vote rule, serving as the reference standard. Established CAC cut-offs for the total Agatston score were used for risk group assignments. The performance of the algorithm was evaluated using metrics for risk class assignment based on total Agatston score, and unweighted Cohen's Kappa for branch label assignment. The DL-based software solution yielded a class accuracy of 93% (1085/1171) with a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of detecting non-zero coronary calcium being 97%, 93%, and 95%. The overall accuracy of the algorithm for branch label classification was 94% (LM: 89%, LAD: 91%, CX: 93%, RCA: 100%) with a Cohen's kappa of k = 0.91. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that fully automated total and vessel-specific CAC scoring is feasible using a DL-based algorithm. There was a high agreement with the manually assessed total CAC from a multi-centre dataset and the vessel-specific scoring demonstrated consistent and reproducible results.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Winkel
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.,Siemens Healthineers, 755 College Rd E, 08540 Princeton, NJ, USA
| | | | - A Mohamed Ali
- Siemens Healthcare Private Limited, Unit No. 9A, 9th Floor, North Tower, Mumbai 400079, India
| | - Johannes Görich
- Das Radiologische Zentrum - Radiology Center, Sinsheim-Eberbach-Walldorf-Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Johannes Buß
- Das Radiologische Zentrum - Radiology Center, Sinsheim-Eberbach-Walldorf-Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Axel Mendoza
- Siemens Healthineers, 755 College Rd E, 08540 Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Chris Schwemmer
- Siemens Healthineers, Siemensstrasse 1, 91301 Forchheim, Germany
| | - Puneet Sharma
- Siemens Healthineers, 755 College Rd E, 08540 Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - U Joseph Schoepf
- Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, 25 Courtenay Drive, 29425 Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Saikiran Rapaka
- Siemens Healthineers, 755 College Rd E, 08540 Princeton, NJ, USA
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Dalab AS, Ali AM, Althnaian TA, Alkhodair KM, Al-Ramadan SY. Molecular Investigations of the Effect of Thermal Manipulation During Embryogenesis on the Enzymatic Activity of Creatine Kinase and Lactate Dehydrogenase in Broiler Muscle. Braz J Poult Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2020-1369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- AS Dalab
- An-Najah National University, Saudi Arabia
| | - AM Ali
- King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia
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Mohamed SY, Ali AM. Complement of max product of intuitionistic fuzzy graphs. COMPLEX INTELL SYST 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40747-021-00438-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIn this paper, the complement of max product of two intuitionistic fuzzy graphs is defined. The degree of a vertex in the complement of max product of intuitionistic fuzzy graph is studied. Some results on complement of max product of two regular intuitionistic fuzzy graphs are stated and proved. Finally, we provide an application of intuitionistic fuzzy graphs in school determination using normalized Hamming distance.
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7
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Saint J, England A, Ali AM, Bonnett L. The effect of different statistical approaches on image quality data obtained from radiological examinations. Radiography (Lond) 2021; 28:518-523. [PMID: 34848136 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Selection of optimal image acquisition protocols in medical imaging remains a grey area, the superimposed use of the Likert scale in radiological image quality evaluations creates an additional challenge for the statistical analysis of image quality data. Using a simulation study, we have trialled a novel approach to analysing radiological image quality Likert scale data. METHODS A simulation study was undertaken where simulated datasets were generated based on the distribution of Likert scale values according to varying image acquisition protocols from a real dataset. Simulated Likert scale values were pooled in four different ways; the mean, median, mode and the summation of patient Likert scale values of which the total was assigned a categorical Likert scale value. Estimates of bias, MAPE and RMSPE were then calculated for all four pooling approaches to determine which method most accurately represented an expert's opinion. RESULTS When compared to an expert's opinion, the method of summation and categorisation of Likert scale values was most accurate 49 times out of the 114 (43.0%) tests. The mean 28 times out of 114 (24.6%), the median 23 times out of 114 (20.2%) and the mode 17 times out of 114 (14.9%). CONCLUSION We conclude that our method of summation and categorisation of Likert scale values is most often the best representation of the simulated data compared to the expert's opinion. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE There is scope to reproduce this simulation study with multiple observers to reflect clinical reality more accurately with the dynamic nature of multiple observers. This also prompts future investigation into other anatomical areas, to see if the same methods produce similar results.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Saint
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom.
| | - A England
- Directorate of Radiography, University of Salford, United Kingdom
| | - A M Ali
- Directorate of Radiography, University of Salford, United Kingdom
| | - L Bonnett
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
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8
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Halim UA, Elbayouk A, Ali AM, Cullen CM, Javed S. O44 Gender bias and sexual discrimination in orthopaedics: time for change. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab282.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Gender bias and sexual discrimination (GBSD) have been widely recognized across a range of fields and are now part of the wider social consciousness. Such conduct can occur in the medical workplace, with detrimental effects on recipients. The aim of this review was to identify the prevalence and impact of GBSD in orthopaedic surgery, as well as mitigating strategies.
Method
A systematic review was conducted by searching Medline, EMCARE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library Database. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. Original research papers pertaining to the prevalence and impact of GBSD, or mitigating strategies, within orthopaedics were reviewed.
Result
Of 570 papers, 27 were eligible for inclusion. These were published between 1998 and 2020. 13 papers discussed the prevalence of GBSD, 13 related to the impact of these behaviours, and six discussed mitigating strategies. GBSD was found to be common in the orthopaedic workplace, with all sources showing women to be the subjects. Effects include poor workforce representation, lower salaries, and less career success for women in orthopaedics. Mitigating strategies in the literature are focused on providing female role models, mentors, and educational interventions.
Conclusion
GBSD is common in orthopaedic surgery, with a substantial impact on sufferers. A small number of mitigating strategies have been tested but these are limited in their scope. As such, the orthopaedic community is obliged to participate in more thoughtful and proactive strategies that mitigate against GBSD, by improving female recruitment and retention within the specialty.
Take-home Message
Gender bias and sexual discrimination remain common within orthopaedics. The international orthopaedic community is obliged to do more to tackle this problem.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - A M Ali
- London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust
| | | | - S Javed
- North Manchester General Hospital
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9
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Elhassan MMO, Ali AM, Kehlet AB, Ali OHA, Harrington D. The Response of Broiler Chicks to Dietary Supplementation with a Probiotic, Acidifiers Blend, and Their Combination. Braz J Poult Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2021-1511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - AM Ali
- King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - OHA Ali
- University of Khartoum, Sudan
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10
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Fischer A, Klein P, Radulescu P, Gulsun M, Mohamed Ali A, R.S V, Schoebinger M, Sahbaee P, Sharma P, Schoepf U. Deep Learning Based Automated Coronary Labeling For Structured Reporting Of Coronary CT Angiography In Accordance With SCCT Guidelines. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcct.2020.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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El-Enein SAA, Ali AM, Abdel-Monem YK, Senna MH, Madkour M. Novel lanthanide(III) 4-methylbenzoylhydrazide complexes as precursors for lanthanide oxide nanophotocatalysts. RSC Adv 2019; 9:42010-42019. [PMID: 35542881 PMCID: PMC9076505 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08080e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of metal complexes were prepared from separate reactions of lanthanide nitrate salts (La(iii), Ce(iii), Sm(iii), Gd(iii) and Ho(iii)) with 4-methylbenzoylhydrazide. The structures of the complexes were confirmed by analytical studies, spectral measurements and thermal studies. Complexes were formed with different stoichiometries of 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 (M : L). The ligand chelates by the nitrogen and oxygen atoms of the amino and carbonyl groups of the hydrazide moiety in the neutral keto form. The coordination compounds were converted to metal oxide nanoparticles (MONPs) through solid state thermal decomposition as monocular source precursors. The obtained MONPs were investigated via XRD, TEM and UV-Vis spectra. As a representative, CeO2 was utilized as a nanophotocatalyst to examine the photocatalytic activity of the MONPs for methylene blue (MB) photodegradation. CeO2 showed high removal of MB dye by 90.1% after UV illumination for 220 min. The reported method provides a generalized and systematic method for the preparation of many metal oxide nanoparticles with manageable and reproducible features. A series of metal complexes were prepared from separate reactions of lanthanide nitrate salts (La(iii), Ce(iii), Sm(iii), Gd(iii) and Ho(iii)) with 4-methylbenzoylhydrazide.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Abou El-Enein
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University Shibin El Kom Egypt
| | - A M Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University Shibin El Kom Egypt
| | - Y K Abdel-Monem
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University Shibin El Kom Egypt
| | - M H Senna
- Radiation Chemistry Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology Cairo Egypt
| | - Metwally Madkour
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University P. O. Box: 5969 13060 Kuwait
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12
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Said DA, Ali AM, Khayyat MM, Boustimi M, Loulou M, Seoudi R. A study of the influence of plasmonic resonance of gold nanoparticle doped PEDOT: PSS on the performance of organic solar cells based on CuPc/C6 0. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02675. [PMID: 31840116 PMCID: PMC6893062 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This work studied the role of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with different spherical sizes mixed with poly (3, 4-ethylene dioxythiophene): polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT: PSS) as a hole transfer layer to enhance the efficiency (ITO/PEDOT:PSS (AuNPs)/CuPc/C60/Al) organic photovoltaic cell (OPV). AuNPs were synthesized using the thermochemical method and the results of the transmission electron microscope (TEM) images showed that the gold nanoparticles mostly dominated by spherical shapes and sizes were calculated in the range (12–23 nm). Measurements of UV-VIS spectra for AuNPs have shown that the surface plasmon resonance shifted to a higher wavelength with decreasing the particle size. Surface morphology and absorption spectra of OPV cells were studied using atomic force microscope and UV-VIS spectrometer techniques. The efficiency of the OPV cell was calculated without and with AuNPs. Efficiency was increased from 0.78% to 1.02% due to the embedded of AuNPs with (12 nm) in PEDOT/PSS. The increase in the light absorption in CuPc is due to the good transparent conducting of PEDOT:PSS and the increase in the electric field around AuNPs embedded in PEDOT:PSS and inbuilt electric field at the interfacial between CuPc and C60 is due to the surface plasmon resonance of AuNPs. The increase in these two factors increase the exciton generation in CuPc, dissociation at the interfacial layer, and charge carrier transfer which increases the collection of electrons and holes at cathode and anode.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Said
- Physics Department, Faculty of Women for Art, Sciences and Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A M Ali
- Department of Physics, College of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - M M Khayyat
- King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 11442, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - M Boustimi
- Department of Physics, College of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Loulou
- Department of Physics, College of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - R Seoudi
- Department of Physics, College of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.,Spectroscopy Department, Physics Division, NRC, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
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13
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Abstract
1. Avipoxvirus (APV) infections are one of many threats inflicting economic losses within the poultry industry, particularly in tropical and subtropical countries. A proper and comprehensive study for APVs is needed to increase the knowledge concerning the diversity and evolution of the virus.2. For this purpose, 136 bird flocks of different species and breeding types were examined for APV infection between October 2016 and November 2017. One hundred and thirty samples had visible pocks on the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) which were designated as fowl pox-like viruses via amplification of 578 bp from the P4b gene and 1800 bp from the fpv140 locus.4. A comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of fpv167 locus (P4b), fpv140 locus (fpv139 and fpv140) and fpv94 (DNA polymerase) revealed that all the analysed strains belong to fowl pox-like viruses (clade A; subclade A1 and A2). Based on the fpv140 locus full nucleotide sequence, three turkey originated strains were seen to be divergent from chicken originated sequences and branched into novel subclade A1.b.5. Trees comparison, within the term of speculation of virus-host specificity, clearly highlighted a high order specific subgrouping among subclades in the case of the fpv140 locus (including fpv139 and fpv140). Hence, the fowl poxvirus, turkey poxvirus and pigeon poxvirus strains clustered into distinct host-specific subclades A1a, A1.b and A2, respectively, which could not be seen in the FWPV-P4b and DNA polymerase phylogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lebdah
- Department of Avian and Rabbit Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - A M Ali
- The Veterinary Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - A A Ali
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - O Hassanin
- Department of Avian and Rabbit Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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14
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Dalab AS, Ali AM. Morphological Investigations of the Effect of Thermal Manipulation During Embryogenesis on Body Performance and Structure of Pectoral and Thigh Muscle of Ross Broiler Chicken. Braz J Poult Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2019-1100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- AS Dalab
- King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia
| | - AM Ali
- King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia
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15
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Ali AM, Felemban N, El-Bakary MA. Characterization of the 3Dimension optical, geometrical, and mechanical profiles of iPP fiber with necking deformation. Microsc Res Tech 2018; 81:755-760. [PMID: 29633458 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
We present a method for evaluating the 3D refractive indices and 3D true stress and/or 3D true strain profiles of "isotactic polypropylene iPP" fibers during necking deformation. Observing the changes in geometrical shape during the deformation process is necessary to understand the mechanical performance of iPP fibers. 3D geometric shape profile and actual stress and strain profiles were measured for iPP fibers during the propagation of neck deformation. These measurements were performed with the aid of an in-situ opto- mechanical device to dynamically characterize different properties of fibers at different strain rates. A software image analysis program was used to calculate the 3D opto-mechanical properties of iPP fibers. The obtained results show that the used dynamic stretching device can be easily used to monitor the deformation process with high accuracy. The effective stress and strain can be determined from the filaments profile. For illustration microinterferograms are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Ali
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Umm Al- Qura University, KSA.,Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Nuha Felemban
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Umm Al- Qura University, KSA
| | - M A El-Bakary
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Egypt
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16
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Ali AM, Pillai JK, Gulati V, Gibbons CER, Roberton BJ. Hyperextension injuries of the knee: do patterns of bone bruising predict soft tissue injury? Skeletal Radiol 2018; 47:173-179. [PMID: 28856482 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-017-2754-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish whether patterns of soft tissue injury following knee hyperextension are associated with post-traumatic 'bone bruise' distribution. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with a knee MRI within one year of hyperextension injury were identified at our institution over a 7 year period. MRIs, plain radiographs and clinical details of these patients were reviewed. RESULTS Twenty-five patients were identified (median time from injury to MRI = 24 days). The most common sites of bone bruising were the anteromedial tibial plateau (48%) and anterolateral tibial plateau (44%). There were high rates of injury to the posterior capsule (52%), ACL (40%) and PCL (40%) but lower rates of injury to the menisci (20%), medial and lateral collateral ligaments (16%) and posterolateral corner (16%). Anterior tibial plateau oedema and rupture of the posterior capsule predicted cruciate ligament injury [OR = 10.5 (p = 0.02) and 24.0 (p = 0.001) respectively]. Whilst anterolateral tibial plateau oedema strongly predicted PCL injury [OR = 26.0, p = 0.003], ACL injury was associated with a variable pattern of bone bruising. Meniscal injury was unrelated to the extent or pattern of bone bruising. 5 out of 8 patients with a 'double sulcus' on the lateral radiograph had ACL injury. The presence of a double sulcus showed significant association with anteromedial kissing contusions (OR = 7.8, p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Following knee hyperextension, bone bruising patterns may be associated with cruciate ligament injury. Other structures are injured less frequently and have weaker associations with bone bruise distribution. The double sulcus sign is a radiographic marker that confers a high probability of ACL injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Ali
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK.
| | - J K Pillai
- Department of Radiology, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - V Gulati
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Homerton University Hospital, London, UK
| | - C E R Gibbons
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - B J Roberton
- Department of Radiology, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
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17
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AlDala'een NFD, Mohamad WNKW, Alias N, Ali AM, Shaikh Mohammed J. Bioinspired dynamic microcapsules. Soft Matter 2017; 14:124-131. [PMID: 29215674 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm01682d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
There is an increasing interest in bioinspired dynamic materials. Abundant illustrations of protein domains exist in nature, with remarkable ligand binding characteristics and structures that undergo conformational changes. For example, calmodulin (CaM) can have three conformational states, which are the unstructured Apo-state, Ca2+-bound ligand-exposed binding state, and compact ligand-bound state. CaM's mechanical response to biological cues is highly suitable for engineering dynamic materials. The distance between CaM globular terminals in the Ca2+-bound state is 5 nm and in the ligand-bound state is 1.5 nm. CaM's nanoscale conformational changes have been used to develop dynamic hydrogel microspheres that undergo reversible volume changes. The current work presents the fabrication and preliminary results of layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembled Dynamic MicroCapsules (DynaMicCaps) whose multilayered shell walls are composed of polyelectrolytes and CaM. Quasi-dynamic perfusion results show that the DynaMicCaps undergo drastic volume changes, with up to ∼1500% increase, when exposed to a biochemical ligand trifluoperazine (TFP) at pH 6.3. Under similar test conditions, microcapsules without CaM also underwent volume changes, with only up to ∼290% increase, indicating that CaM's bio-responsiveness was retained within the shell walls of the DynaMicCaps. Furthermore, DynaMicCaps exposed to 0.1 M NaOH underwent volume changes, with only up to ∼580% volume increase. Therefore, DynaMicCaps represent a new class of polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) capsules that can potentially be used to release their payload at near physiological pH. With over 200 proteins that undergo marked, well-characterized conformational changes in response to specific biochemical triggers, several other versions of DynaMicCaps can potentially be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- N F D AlDala'een
- Faculty of Innovative Design & Technology, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia.
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Sokkar TZN, El-Farhaty KA, El-Bakary MA, Ali AM, Ahmed AA. The effect of short heat treatment on different properties of PET fiber using double beam interference microscopy. Microsc Res Tech 2017; 81:283-291. [PMID: 29193422 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Pluta microscope used to throw light on the effect of heat treatment time on the different properties of poly (ethylene terephthalate) PET fibers. PET fibers were annealed at times ranged from 5 to 30 min at different temperatures (150, 170, 190, 210°C) using two different processes (fast cooling and slow cooling processes) in air. The refractive indices, the shrinkage, orientation factor and crystallinity of PET fibers were determined for different annealing temperature during the short time treatment. The shrinkage percentage and degree of crystallinity increased with increasing the temperature and time of annealing. Microinterferograms are given for illustration.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Z N Sokkar
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - K A El-Farhaty
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - M A El-Bakary
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - A M Ali
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Egypt.,Physics Department, Faculty of Science, UMM El-QURA University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - A A Ahmed
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Egypt
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19
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Ali AM, Newman SDS, Hooper PA, Davies CM, Cobb JP. The effect of implant position on bone strain following lateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: A Biomechanical Model Using Digital Image Correlation. Bone Joint Res 2017; 6:522-529. [PMID: 28855192 PMCID: PMC5579314 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.68.bjr-2017-0067.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is a demanding procedure, with tibial component subsidence or pain from high tibial strain being potential causes of revision. The optimal position in terms of load transfer has not been documented for lateral UKA. Our aim was to determine the effect of tibial component position on proximal tibial strain. Methods A total of 16 composite tibias were implanted with an Oxford Domed Lateral Partial Knee implant using cutting guides to define tibial slope and resection depth. Four implant positions were assessed: standard (5° posterior slope); 10° posterior slope; 5° reverse tibial slope; and 4 mm increased tibial resection. Using an electrodynamic axial-torsional materials testing machine (Instron 5565), a compressive load of 1.5 kN was applied at 60 N/s on a meniscal bearing via a matching femoral component. Tibial strain beneath the implant was measured using a calibrated Digital Image Correlation system. Results A 5° increase in tibial component posterior slope resulted in a 53% increase in mean major principal strain in the posterior tibial zone adjacent to the implant (p = 0.003). The highest strains for all implant positions were recorded in the anterior cortex 2 cm to 3 cm distal to the implant. Posteriorly, strain tended to decrease with increasing distance from the implant. Lateral cortical strain showed no significant relationship with implant position. Conclusion Relatively small changes in implant position and orientation may significantly affect tibial cortical strain. Avoidance of excessive posterior tibial slope may be advisable during lateral UKA. Cite this article: A. M. Ali, S. D. S. Newman, P. A. Hooper, C. M. Davies, J. P. Cobb. The effect of implant position on bone strain following lateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: A Biomechanical Model Using Digital Image Correlation. Bone Joint Res 2017;6:522–529. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.68.BJR-2017-0067.R1.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Ali
- Imperial College London, Charing Cross Campus, London, W6 8RP, UK
| | - S D S Newman
- Imperial College London, Charing Cross Campus, London, W6 8RP, UK
| | - P A Hooper
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - C M Davies
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - J P Cobb
- Imperial College London, Charing Cross Campus, London, W6 8RP, UK
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20
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Nickelsen MN, Snoer A, Ali AM, Wienecke T. Semi-automatic software based detection of atrial fibrillation in acute ischaemic stroke and transient ischaemic attack. Eur J Neurol 2016; 24:322-325. [PMID: 27928866 DOI: 10.1111/ene.13199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) is often asymptomatic and increases the risk of ischaemic stroke. Detection of PAF is challenging but crucial because a change of treatment decreases the risk of ischaemic stroke. Post-stroke investigations recommend at least 24-h continuous cardiac rhythm monitoring. Extended monitoring detects more PAF but is limited by costs due to manual analysis. Interpretive software might be a reasonable screening tool. The aim was to validate the performance and utility of Pathfinder SL software compared to manual analysis. METHODS In all, 135 ischaemic stroke patients with no prior history of PAF or atrial fibrillation and who had done a 7-day continuous electrocardiogram monitoring (Holter) were included. Manual analysis was compared with Pathfinder SL software including a systematic control of registered events. RESULTS Seventeen (12.6%) patients were diagnosed with PAF (atrial fibrillation > 30 s). Pathfinder SL software including a systematic control of events registered 16 (94.1%) patients with PAF. Manually 15 (88.2%) patients were detected with PAF. Pathfinder SL had a negative predictive value of 99% and sensitivity of 94%. CONCLUSIONS Pathfinder SL software including a systematic evaluation of events is an acceptable alternative compared to manual analysis in PAF detection following ischaemic stroke. It is less time consuming and therefore a reliable, cheaper alternative compared to manual analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Nickelsen
- Neurovascular Centre, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Zealand University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A Snoer
- Neurovascular Centre, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Zealand University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A M Ali
- Neurovascular Centre, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Zealand University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - T Wienecke
- Neurovascular Centre, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Zealand University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Ali
- Bone Marrow Transplantation and Leukemia Section, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - J F DiPersio
- Bone Marrow Transplantation and Leukemia Section, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - M A Schroeder
- Bone Marrow Transplantation and Leukemia Section, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
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22
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Garg N, Bakhshinyan D, Venugopal C, Mahendram S, Rosa DA, Vijayakumar T, Manoranjan B, Hallett R, McFarlane N, Delaney KH, Kwiecien JM, Arpin CC, Lai PS, Gómez-Biagi RF, Ali AM, de Araujo ED, Ajani OA, Hassell JA, Gunning PT, Singh SK. CD133 + brain tumor-initiating cells are dependent on STAT3 signaling to drive medulloblastoma recurrence. Oncogene 2016; 36:606-617. [PMID: 27775079 PMCID: PMC5541269 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Medulloblastoma (MB), the most common malignant paediatric brain tumor, is currently treated using a combination of surgery, craniospinal radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Owing to MB stem cells (MBSCs), a subset of MB patients remains untreatable despite standard therapy. CD133 is used to identify MBSCs although its functional role in tumorigenesis has yet to be determined. In this work, we showed enrichment of CD133 in Group 3 MB is associated with increased rate of metastasis and poor clinical outcome. The signal transducers and activators of transcription-3 (STAT3) pathway are selectively activated in CD133+ MBSCs and promote tumorigenesis through regulation of c-MYC, a key genetic driver of Group 3 MB. We screened compound libraries for STAT3 inhibitors and treatment with the selected STAT3 inhibitors resulted in tumor size reduction in vivo. We propose that inhibition of STAT3 signaling in MBSCs may represent a potential therapeutic strategy to treat patients with recurrent MB.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Garg
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - D Bakhshinyan
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - C Venugopal
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - S Mahendram
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - D A Rosa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - T Vijayakumar
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - B Manoranjan
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - R Hallett
- McMaster Centre for Functional Genomics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - N McFarlane
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - K H Delaney
- Departement of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - J M Kwiecien
- Departement of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Neurosurgery and Paediatric Neurosurgery, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - C C Arpin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - P-S Lai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - R F Gómez-Biagi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - A M Ali
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - E D de Araujo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - O A Ajani
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - J A Hassell
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,McMaster Centre for Functional Genomics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Departments of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - P T Gunning
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - S K Singh
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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23
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Ali AM, El-Sayed MI. Metronomic chemotherapy and radiotherapy as salvage treatment in refractory or relapsed pediatric solid tumours. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 23:e253-9. [PMID: 27330362 DOI: 10.3747/co.23.2873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metronomic chemotherapy (mctx) combined with radiation therapy (rt) is an emerging anticancer strategy. The aim of the present study was to assess the efficacy of mctx combined with rt as salvage treatment in children with refractory or relapsed solid malignancies. METHODS This prospective study enrolled patients with refractory or relapsed pediatric solid tumours from January 2013 to January 2015. Treatment consisted of 3-12 courses of mctx in all patients, followed by rt in patients who experienced local recurrence, distant metastases, or both. Each course of mctx consisted of oral celecoxib 100-400 mg twice daily (days 1-42), intravenous vinblastine 3 mg/m(2) weekly (weeks 1-6), oral cyclophosphamide 2.5 mg/m(2) daily (days 1-21), and oral methotrexate 15 mg/m(2) twice weekly (days 21-42). Statistical methods used were the log-rank test and binary logistic regression. RESULTS A favourable disease response (partial response or stable disease) was seen in 49 of 64 patients (76.6%), with mild acute toxicity occurring in 41 (64%). After a median follow-up of 14 months, 1-year overall survival was 62%. Pattern of disease relapse (p < 0.0001), time from initial treatment to relapse (p = 0.0002), and response to treatment (p < 0.0001) significantly affected survival. Age was the only factor that significantly correlated with treatment toxicity (p = 0.002; hazard ratio: 3.37; 95% confidence interval: 1.53 to 7.35). CONCLUSIONS Combining mctx with rt resulted in a favourable response rate, minimal toxicity, and 62% 1-year overall survival in patients with heavily pretreated recurrent disease. Patients with localized late recurrence or disease progression are the most likely to benefit from this regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Ali
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Egypt
| | - M I El-Sayed
- Department of Radiotherapy, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Egypt
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Meawed TE, Mansour MA, Mansour SA, Mohamed ML, Ibrahim EM, Ali AM. Functional and prognostic relevance of -173 G/C gene polymorphism of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in sepsis patients in Egyptian intensive care units. East Mediterr Health J 2015; 21:762-9. [PMID: 26750167 DOI: 10.26719/2015.21.10.762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 06/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the association of plasma MIF level and -173 G/C single nucleotide polymorphism of the MIF gene with the occurrence, severity and mortality of sepsis patients. A study was conducted in adult surgical intensive care units of Zagazig University Hospitals, Egypt on 25 patients with sepsis, 27 with severe sepsis and 28 controls. Gram-negative bacilli were the most common isolates in both severe sepsis (63.0%) and sepsis (56.0%) patients. A highly statistically significant difference was found in MIF levels between sepsis cases and controls and a statistically significant difference as regards MIF level in different genotypes of the studied groups. MIF level was significantly associated with mortality in sepsis cases. High MIF levels and MIF -173G/C gene polymorphism are powerful predictors of the severity of sepsis and its outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- T E Meawed
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Zagazig University Hospitals, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - M A Mansour
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Zagazig University Hospitals, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - S A Mansour
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Zagazig University Hospitals, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - M L Mohamed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Zagazig University Hospitals, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - E M Ibrahim
- Department of General Surgery, Zagazig University Hospitals, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - A M Ali
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Zagazig University Hospitals, Zagazig, Egypt
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION In April 2012 the John Radcliffe Hospital in Oxford became a major trauma centre (MTC). The British Orthopaedic Association and British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons joint standards for the management of open fractures of the lower limb (BOAST 4) require system-wide changes in referral practice that may be facilitated by the MTC and its associated major trauma network. METHODS From 2008 to 2013 a multistep audit of compliance with BOAST 4 was conducted to assess referral patterns, timing of surgery and outcomes (surgical site infection rates), to determine changes following local intervention and the establishment of the MTC. RESULTS Over the study period, 50 patients had soft tissue cover for an open lower limb fracture and there was a significant increase in the proportion of patients receiving definitive fixation in our centre (p=0.036). The median time from injury to soft tissue cover fell from 6.0 days to 3.5 days (p=0.051) and the median time from definitive fixation to soft tissue cover fell from 5.0 days to 2.0 days (p=0.003). The deep infection rate fell from 27% to 8% (p=0.247). However, in 2013 many patients still experienced a delay of >72 hours between injury and soft tissue cover, primarily owing to a lack of capacity for providing soft tissue cover. CONCLUSIONS Our experience may be relevant to other MTCs seeking to identify barriers to optimising the management of patients with these injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Ali
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust , UK
| | | | - D Noyes
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust , UK
| | - A J Brent
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust , UK
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Abstract
A photo-controlled version of the engrailed homeodomain (zENG) was created by inserting the homeodomain into a surface loop of a circularly permuted version of the photoactive yellow protein (cPYP). The two proteins fold independently as judged by NMR and fluorescence denaturation measurements. In the dark, the affinity of the zENG domain for its cognate DNA is inhibited >100-fold compared to wild-type zENG. Blue-light irradiation of the hybrid protein leads to enhanced conformational dynamics of the cPYP portion and a two-fold enhancement of the DNA binding affinity of the zENG domain. These results suggest that insertion into a surface loop of cPYP can be a general approach for conferring an initial level of photo-control on a given target protein. Focussed mutation/selection strategies may then be used to enhance the degree of photo-control.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kumar
- Dept. of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, CanadaM5S 3H6.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Hospital admission rates for a number of conditions have been linked to variations in the weather. It is well established that trauma workload displays significant seasonal variation. A reliable predictive model might enable targeting of high-risk groups for intervention and planning of hospital staff levels. To our knowledge there have been no systematic reviews of the literature on the relationship between weather and trauma workload, and predictive models have thus far been informed by the results of single studies. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of bibliographic databases and reference lists up to June 2014 to identify primary research papers assessing the effect of specified weather conditions including temperature, rainfall, snow, fog, hail, humidity and wind speed on trauma workload, defined as admission to hospital, fracture or a Road Traffic Accident (RTA) resulting in a seriously injured casualty or fatality. RESULTS 11,083 papers were found through electronic and reference search. 83 full papers were assessed for eligibility. 28 met inclusion criteria and were included in the final review; 6 of these related to the effect of the weather on trauma admissions, one to ambulance call out for trauma, 13 to fracture rate and 8 to RTAs. Increased temperature is positively correlated with trauma admissions. The rate of distal radius fractures is more sensitive to adverse weather than the rate of hip fractures. Paediatric trauma, both in respect of trauma admissions and fracture rate, is more sensitive to the weather than adult trauma. Adverse weather influences both RTA frequency and severity, but the nature of the relationship is dependent upon the timecourse of the weather event and the population studied. Important methodological differences between studies limit the value of the existing literature in building consensus for a generalisable predictive model. CONCLUSIONS Weather conditions may have a substantial effect on trauma workload independent of the effects of seasonal variation; the population studied and timecourse of weather events appear critical in determining this relationship. Methodological differences between studies limit the validity of conclusions drawn from analysis of the literature, and we identify a number of areas that future research might address.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Ali
- Kadoorie Centre for Critical Care Research; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, United Kingdom.
| | - K Willett
- Kadoorie Centre for Critical Care Research; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
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Abstract
IMPORTANCE There is an ever-increasing drive to improve surgical patient outcomes. Given the benefits which robotics has bestowed upon a wide range of industries, from vehicle manufacturing to space exploration, robots have been highlighted by many as essential for continued improvements in surgery. OBJECTIVE The goal of this review is to outline the history of robotic surgery, and detail the key studies which have investigated its effects on surgical outcomes. Issues of cost-effectiveness and patient acceptability will also be discussed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Robotic surgery has been shown to shorten hospital stays, decrease complication rates and allow surgeons to perform finer tasks, when compared to the traditional laparoscopic and open approaches. These benefits, however, must be balanced against increased intraoperative times, vast financial costs and the increased training burden associated with robotic techniques. The outcome of such a cost-benefit analysis appears to vary depending on the procedure being conducted; indeed the strongest evidence in favour of its use comes from the fields of urology and gynaecology. It is hoped that with the large-scale, randomised, prospective clinical trials underway, and an ever-expanding research base, many of the outstanding questions surrounding robotic surgery will be answered in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hussain
- John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Ali AM, Seddiek SA, Khater HF. Effect of butyrate, clopidol and their combination on the performance of broilers infected with Eimeria maxima. Br Poult Sci 2014; 55:474-82. [PMID: 25207431 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2014.920488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
1. The effect of butyric acid glycerides (BAGs) with and without clopidol (CLP) on Eimeria maxima on growth and associated biochemical variables was investigated in broiler chickens. 2. One-day-old chicks were divided into 6 equal groups (Gps) of 30 chicks each; each group was subdivided into 6 equal subgroups. Gp 1 was not infected and not treated. Chicks in Gp 2 were not infected and fed on a ration mixed with 4 g BAGs/kg for 6 successive weeks. Chicks of the other groups were directly inoculated intra-crop with 1 × 10(4) sporulated oocysts of E. maxima at 14 d of age. Gp 3 was infected and not treated. Chicks in the remaining three groups were given diets mixed with the tested drugs for 6 successive weeks. Gp 4 was fed on a diet mixed with CLP (125 g/kg). Gp 5 was given a diet mixed with BAGs (4 g/kg diet). Gp 6 was fed on a diet mixed with both BAGs (4 g/kg diet) and CLP (125 g/kg). 3. Birds in Gps 5 and 6 showed a reduction in the mean oocyst count, lesion scores and developmental stages in the lamina propria and improved growth and biochemical variables. BAG supplementation enhanced growth and production of healthy broilers. 4. It was concluded that BAGs were a useful supplement in broiler diets as an alternative to growth promoters and antimicrobial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Ali
- a Chemistry Department, Pharmacology Unit , Animal Health Research Institute , Benha Branch, Benha , Egypt
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Thariat J, Clément-Colmou K, Vogin G, Beckendorf V, Ducassou A, Ali AM, Salas S, Saada E, Thyss A, Lapeyre M, Isambert N. [Radiation therapy of cardiac sarcomas]. Cancer Radiother 2014; 18:125-31. [PMID: 24637021 DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2014.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Primary cardiac sarcomas represent less than 10 yearly cases in France. Their median survival is approximately 18 months. The treatment consists of surgery when possible. The role of chemotherapy and radiation therapy is controversial, especially with respect to limiting cardiac radiation dose that is theoretically incompatible with the requirement of a tumoricidal dose for sarcoma. A recent series of 124 cases of the French Sarcoma Group suggested a benefit of radiation therapy on progression-free survival. PATIENTS AND METHODS The dosimetric data of 12 patients were analyzed. RESULTS There was variety in radiotherapy modalities and definition of target volumes, doses and techniques are evolving more conformal plans. Irradiation appeared feasible with conventional fractionation with respect to toxicities (although probably underestimated due to short follow-up and dismal prognosis) and previously demonstrated benefit of radiotherapy for primitive cardiac sarcomas. CONCLUSION A scheme of 45Gy in 1.8Gy per fraction to a preoperative volume with an additional dose of 14Gy in 7 fractions on areas at risk or residual disease and margins 1cm, may be proposed based on the preliminary data of this study. Intensity modulated radiotherapy with daily cone-beam CT-scanner should be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Thariat
- Département d'oncologie-radiothérapie, centre Antoine-Lacassagne, 227, avenue de la Lanterne, 06200 Nice, France; Université Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 06200 Nice, France.
| | - K Clément-Colmou
- Oncologie-radiothérapie, centre René-Gauducheau, institut de cancérologie de l'Ouest, 44805 Saint-Herblain, France
| | - G Vogin
- Oncologie-radiothérapie, centre Alexis-Vautrin, institut de cancérologie de Lorraine, 6, avenue de Bourgogne, 54519 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - V Beckendorf
- Oncologie-radiothérapie, centre Alexis-Vautrin, institut de cancérologie de Lorraine, 6, avenue de Bourgogne, 54519 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - A Ducassou
- Oncologie-radiothérapie, centre Claudius-Regaud, 20-24, rue du Pont-Saint-Pierre, 31300 Toulouse, France
| | - A M Ali
- Clinical oncology, Sohag University, Sohag, Égypte
| | - S Salas
- Oncologie médicale, CHU la Timone, AP-HM, 264, rue Saint-Pierre, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - E Saada
- Oncologie médicale, centre Antoine-Lacassagne, 227, avenue de la Lanterne, 06200 Nice, France
| | - A Thyss
- Oncologie médicale, centre Antoine-Lacassagne, 227, avenue de la Lanterne, 06200 Nice, France
| | - M Lapeyre
- Oncologie-radiothérapie, centre Jean-Perrin, 58, rue Montalembert, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - N Isambert
- Oncologie médicale, centre Georges-Francois-Leclerc, 1, rue du Professeur-Marion, 21000 Dijon, France
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Ali AM, Handuleh J, Patel P, Whitwell S, Harris K, Ali FR, Southgate RJ, Godman B, Al-Hadithy N, Gustafsson LL, Finlayson AET. The most fragile state: healthcare in Somalia. Med Confl Surviv 2014; 30:28-36. [PMID: 24684021 DOI: 10.1080/13623699.2014.874085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
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Kapitonova MY, Salim N, Othman S, Muhd Kamauzaman TMHT, Ali AM, Nawawi HM, Froemming GRA. Alteration of cell cytoskeleton and functions of cell recovery of normal human osteoblast cells caused by factors associated with real space flight. Malays J Pathol 2013; 35:153-163. [PMID: 24362479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Experiments involving short-term space flight have shown an adverse effect on the physiology, morphology and functions of cells investigated. The causes for this effect on cells are: microgravity, temperature fluctuations, mechanical stress, hypergravity, nutrient restriction and others. However, the extent to which these adverse effects can be repaired by short-term space flown cells when recultured in conditions of normal gravity remains unclear. Therefore this study aimed to investigate the effect of short-term spaceflight on cytoskeleton distribution and recovery of cell functions of normal human osteoblast cells. The ultrastructure was evaluated using ESEM. Fluorescent staining was done using Hoechst, Mito Tracker CMXRos and Tubulin Tracker Green for cytoskeleton. Gene expression of cell functions was quantified using qPCR. As a result, recovered cells did not show any apoptotic markers when compared with control. Tubulin volume density (p<0.001) was decreased significantly when compared to control, while mitochondria volume density was insignificantly elevated. Gene expression for IL-6 (p<0.05) and sVCAM-1 (p<0.001) was significantly decreased while alkaline phosphatase (p<0.001), osteocalcin and sICAM (p<0.05) were significantly increased in the recovered cells compared to the control ones. The changes in gene and protein expression of collagen 1A, osteonectin, osteoprotegerin and beta-actin, caused by short-term spaceflight, were statistically not significant. These data indicate that short term space flight causes morphological changes in osteoblast cells which are consistent with hypertrophy, reduced cell differentiation and increased release of monocyte attracting proteins. The long-term effect of these changes on bone density and remodeling requires more detailed studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Y Kapitonova
- Universiti Teknologi Mara, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Molecular Biotechnology (IMMB), 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
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Muid S, Froemming GRA, Ali AM, Nawawi H. Interleukin-6 and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression remains elevated in revived live endothelial cells following spaceflight. Malays J Pathol 2013; 35:165-176. [PMID: 24362480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The effects of spaceflight on cardiovascular health are not necessarily seen immediately after astronauts have returned but can be delayed. It is important to investigate the long term effects of spaceflight on protein and gene expression of inflammation and endothelial activation as a predictor for the development of atherosclerosis and potential cardiovascular problems. The objectives of this study were to investigate the (a) protein and gene expression of inflammation and endothelial activation, (b) expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB), signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT-3) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) 3 months post-space flight travel compared to ground controls. HUVEC cultured on microcarriers in fluid processing apparatus were flown to the International Space Station (ISS) by the Soyuz TMA-11 rocket. After landing, the cells were detached from microcarriers and recultured in T-25 cm(2) culture flasks (Revived HUVEC). Soluble protein expression of IL-6, TNF-α, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and e-selectin were measured by ELISA. Gene expression of these markers and in addition NFκB, STAT-3 and eNOS were measured. Spaceflight induced IL-6 and ICAM-1 remain elevated even after 3 months post spaceflight travel and this is mediated via STAT-3 pathway. The downregulation of eNOS expression in revived HUVEC cells suggests a reduced protection of the cells and the surrounding vessels against future insults that may lead to atherosclerosis. It would be crucial to explore preventive measures, in relation to atherosclerosis and its related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Muid
- University Teknologi MARA, Faculty of Medicine, Centre of Pathology, Diagnostics and Research Laboratory, Sg. Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
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Zuhaida AA, Ali AM, Tamilselvan S, Alitheen NB, Hamid M, Noor AM, Yeap SK. Construction of single-chain variable fragment antibodies against MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Genet Mol Res 2013; 12:5547-59. [PMID: 24301925 DOI: 10.4238/2013.november.18.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
A phage display library of single chain variable fragment (scFv) against MCF-7 breast cancer cells was constructed from C3A8 hybridoma cells. RNA from the C3A8 was isolated, cDNA was constructed, and variable heavy and light immunoglobulin chain gene region were amplified using PCR. The variable heavy and light chain gene regions were combined with flexible linker, linked to a pCANTAB 5E phagemid vector and electrophoresed into supE strain of Escherichia coli TG1 cells. Forty-eight clones demonstrated positive binding activity to MCF-7 breast cancer cell membrane fragments and the strongest of 48 clones was selected for analysis. The anti-MCF-7 library evaluated by SfiI and NotI digests demonstrated that anti-MCF-7 scFv antibodies possess individual patterns that should be able to recognize distinct human breast cancer cells. The C3A8 scFv, with an apparent molecular weight of 32 kDa, showed high homology (99%) with single chain antibody against rice stripe virus protein P20. In summary, the anti MCF-7 scFv antibody can be used for pretargeting breast cancer for clinical diagnosis of patients; it also has potential for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Zuhaida
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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Kapitonova MY, Muid S, Froemming GRA, Yusoff WNW, Othman S, Ali AM, Nawawi HM. Real space flight travel is associated with ultrastructural changes, cytoskeletal disruption and premature senescence of HUVEC. Malays J Pathol 2012; 34:103-113. [PMID: 23424772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Microgravity, hypergravity, vibration, ionizing radiation and temperature fluctuations are major factors of outer space flight affecting human organs and tissues. There are several reports on the effect of space flight on different human cell types of mesenchymal origin while information regarding changes to vascular endothelial cells is scarce. Ultrastructural and cytophysiological features of macrovascular endothelial cells in outer space flight and their persistence during subsequent culturing were demonstrated in the present investigation. At the end of the space flight, endothelial cells displayed profound changes indicating cytoskeletal lesions and increased cell membrane permeability. Readapted cells of subsequent passages exhibited persisting cytoskeletal changes, decreased metabolism and cell growth indicating cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Y Kapitonova
- Institute of Medical Molecular Biotechnology (IMMB), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
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Ali AM, Rajagoppal P, Sayed A, Hakim N, David T, Papalois P. Transplant of kidneys with small renal cell carcinoma in incompatible, heavily immunosuppressed recipients. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2012; 94:e189-90. [PMID: 22943317 PMCID: PMC3954357 DOI: 10.1308/003588412x13373405384738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is considered a contraindication for transplant. However, an increasing number of cases of transplant kidneys with RCC have been reported with encouraging results. We present our experience of two cases of transplanting kidneys with small RCCs. Donors and recipients were aware of the presence and possible consequences of RCC in the transplanted kidney before transplantation. Cases were discussed in the multidisciplinary team meetings. Regular, 6-12 monthly follow-up of donors and recipients was carried out with ultrasonography and/or computed tomography to detect recurrence of RCC or new tumours in the recipients' transplant kidneys or the donors' native kidneys. The outcome was recorded. There were no suspicious masses in the any of the kidneys during the follow-up period. The transplant kidneys are functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Ali
- Imperial College Healthcare Trust, UK.
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Abstract
The authors present a rare case of lower gastrointestinal (GI) bleed due to GI amyloidosis secondary to multiple myeloma. A 79-year-old lady who presented with bloody diarrhoea for 4 weeks. Flexible sigmoidoscopy showed slight oedematous mucosa extending up to the sigmoid colon. CT abdomen showed lytic lesions in the vertebral bodies. 24 h protein analysis and serum electrophoresis suggestive of multiple myeloma, which was confirmed with bone marrow biopsy, revealed plasma cell myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Waleed
- Department of Gastroenterology, Scarborough General Hospital, North Yorkshire, UK.
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Taha KM, Salih DA, Ali AM, Omer RA, El Hussein AM. Naturally occurring infections of cattle with Theileria lestoquardi and sheep with Theileria annulata in the Sudan. Vet Parasitol 2012; 191:143-5. [PMID: 22951302 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Revised: 07/29/2012] [Accepted: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Theileria annulata is endemic in northern Sudan, hindering all efforts at upgrading cattle for milk production. T. lestoquardi clinical cases occur throughout the year and causes annual outbreaks that result in substantial losses in sheep. In the northern Sudan both cattle and small ruminants are frequently raised together and/or share common grazing grounds at river banks. In an attempt to evaluate field cross infectivity of Theileria lestoquardi and T. annulata in cattle and sheep respectively, a PCR analysis was carried out on samples collected from closely reared sheep and cattle using both T. annulata and T. lestoquardi specific primers. A total of 19 sheep out of 51 (37.3%) were positive for T. lestoquardi while four sheep (7.8%) showed T. annulata specific amplicons. A total of 38 out of 52 (73.1%) surveyed cattle were PCR positive for T. annulata and only two (3.8%) showed T. lestoquardi specific bands. These findings indicate complex epidemiology of both infections in areas where both parasites are transmitted by the same vector and call for further investigations of this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Taha
- Atbara Veterinary Research Laboratory (AVRL), P.O. Box 121, Atbara, Sudan
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Ali AM, McMaster JM, Atkins BL, Cogswell LK. Stressing the need for rapid referral of complex open fractures to a specialist centre. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2011; 93:494-5. [PMID: 21929936 DOI: 10.1308/147870811x591891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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40
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Fasina FO, Ali AM, Yilma JM, Thieme O, Ankers P. The cost-benefit of biosecurity measures on infectious diseases in the Egyptian household poultry. Prev Vet Med 2011; 103:178-91. [PMID: 21982688 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2011.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2011] [Revised: 09/02/2011] [Accepted: 09/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Increased animal intensification presents with increasing risks of animal diseases. The Egyptian household poultry is peculiar in its management style and housing and this present with particular challenges of risk of infection to both the flock and humans. Biosecurity remains one of the most important means of reducing risks of infection in the household poultry, however not much information is available to support its feasibility at the household level of production. In this study financial feasibilities of biosecurity were modeled and evaluated based on certain production parameters. Risks of particular importance to the household poultry were categorized and highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 was the most risky disease while people-related risk was the most important risk category. It was observed that basic biosecurity measures were applicable in the household poultry and it would be 8.45 times better to implement biosecurity than to do nothing against HPAI H5N1; 4.88 times better against Newcastle disease and 1.49 times better against coccidiosis. Sensitivity analyses proved that the household poultry project was robust and would withstand various uncertainties. An uptake pathway for basic biosecurity was suggested. The outcome of this work should support decisions to implement biosecurity at the household sector of poultry production.
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Affiliation(s)
- F O Fasina
- Emergency Centre for Transboundary Animal Diseases (ECTAD), FAO, Dokki-Cairo, Cairo, Egypt.
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Monajemzadeh M, Ashtiani MTH, Ali AM, Sani MN, Shams S, Kashef N, Shahsiah R, Eram N. Helicobacter pylori infection in children: association with giardiasis. Br J Biomed Sci 2011; 67:86-7. [PMID: 20669765 DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2010.11730297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Monajemzadeh
- Children's Medical Centre Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
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Zulkifli MM, Ibrahim R, Ali AM, Aini I, Jaafar H, Hilda SS, Alitheen NB, Abdullah JM. Newcastle diseases virus strain V4UPM displayed oncolytic ability against experimental human malignant glioma. Neurol Res 2008; 31:3-10. [PMID: 18937888 DOI: 10.1179/174313208x325218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is a virus of paramyxovirus family and lately has been studied for the treatment of cancer in human. In this study, we successfully determined the oncolysis potential of NDV vaccine, V4UPM tested on the human glioblastoma multiform cell line (DBTRG.05MG) and human glioblastoma astrocytoma cell line (U-87MG) in vitro and in vivo. The V4UPM strain is a modified V4 strain developed as thermostable feed pellet vaccine for poultry. OBJECTIVE The objectives of this study were mainly to evaluate the cytolytic effect and subsequently determine the brain tumor regression potential induced by this strain in athymic mice model. METHODOLOGY AND RESULTS V4UPM, the avirulent strain of NDV, was propagate and screened for the cytolytic activity towards DBTRG.05MG and U-87MG using MTT assay. The inhibition concentration 50% (IC(50)) values by monolayer method measured at hour 72 were 23 and 9 HAU/ml, respectively. Further study was carried out to observe an apoptosis of the infected cells by AO/PI staining and revealed the apoptosis features of the treated cells. Subcutaneous human brain tumors grown on the nude mice were treated by V4UPM at IC(80) and complete regression of U-87MG-bearing tumor mice was observed. TUNEL assay analysis of treated tumor tissues from treated mice showed an occurrence of apoptosis. CONCLUSION From this study, NDV strain V4UPM inhibits the proliferation of experimental human gliomas in tissue culture and IC(80) at 520 HAU V4UPM gives potent effect to induced tumor regression and apoptosis in malignant gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Zulkifli
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Science, University Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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Salih DA, Liu Z, Bakheit MA, Ali AM, El Hussein AM, Unger H, Viljoen G, Seitzer U, Ahmed JS. Development and evaluation of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification method for diagnosis of tropical theileriosis. Transbound Emerg Dis 2008; 55:238-43. [PMID: 18666968 DOI: 10.1111/j.1865-1682.2008.01033.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay was developed and evaluated for diagnosis of tropical theileriosis. A set of six primers was designed based on the unique gene of Theileria annulata (Theileria annulata strain Ankara hypothetical protein (GeneDB TA04795). The protocol for the reaction was setup and the specificity and sensitivity of the assay were established. The specificity experiment showed that LAMP primers amplified T. annulata DNA successfully, while no amplification was seen for Theileria parva, Theileria mutans, Theileria sergenti, Theileria sinensis, Babesia bovis as well as bovine genomic DNA and water control. When the sensitivity of LAMP assay was compared with that of conventional PCR a 10-fold higher sensitivity was found, with a detection limit of 10 pg/microl of genomic DNA isolated from a T. annulata-infected cell line. The LAMP product was confirmed by restriction digestion and staining with SYBR Green I. Furthermore, the LAMP assay was applied for the diagnosis of T. annulata in field samples and compared with reverse line blot (RLB), demonstrating that results of the LAMP assay corresponded to those of RLB. These results indicate that the LAMP assay is rapid and simple to run, cost-effective, sensitive and specific and has potential usefulness for application in epidemiological studies on T. annulata infection of cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Salih
- Division of Veterinary Infection Biology and Immunology, Research Center Borstel, Parkallee 22, D-23845 Borstel, Germany
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Yeap SK, Alitheen NB, Ali AM, Omar AR, Raha AR, Suraini AA, Muhajir AH. Effect of Rhaphidophora korthalsii methanol extract on human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proliferation and cytolytic activity toward HepG2. J Ethnopharmacol 2007; 114:406-11. [PMID: 17884317 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2007.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2007] [Revised: 08/10/2007] [Accepted: 08/14/2007] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The study of bioactivity of natural product is one of the major researches for drug discovery. The aim of this finding was to study the proliferation effect of Rhaphidophora korthalsii methanol extract on human PBMC and subsequently the cytotoxic effect of activated PBMC toward HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma. In this present study, MTT assay, cell cycle study and Annexin 5 binding assay were used to study the immunomodulatory and cytotoxic effects. In vitro cytotoxic screening of Rhaphidophora korthalsii methanol extract showed that the extract was non-toxic against hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2). In contrast, the extract was able to stimulate the proliferation of human PBMC at 48 h and 72 h in MTT assay and cell cycle progress study. The application of immunomodulator in tumor research was studied by using MTT microcytotoxicity assay and flow cytometric Annexin V. Results indicated that pre-treated PBMC with Rhaphidophora korthalsii methanol extract induced the highest cytotoxicity (44.87+/-6.06% for MTT microcytotoxicity assay and 51.51+/-3.85% for Annexin V) toward HepG2. This finding demonstrates that Rhaphidophora korthalsii methanol extract are potent to stimulate the cytotoxic effect of immune cells toward HepG2.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Yeap
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Abstract
A new carbazole alkaloid, 3-carbomethoxy-2-hydroxy-7-methoxycarbazole, Clausine-TY (1), together with two known carbazole alkaloid, Clausine-H (2) and Clausine-B (3), were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the stem bark of the Malaysian Clausena excavata. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses. The new carbazole alkaloid shows significant cytotoxicity against CEM-SS cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Taufiq-Yap
- Department of Chemistry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Hosseini SD, Omar AR, Aini I, Ali AM. Diagnostic potential of recombinant protein of hexahistidine tag and infectious bursal disease virus VPX expressed in Escherichia coli. Acta Vet Hung 2007; 55:405-15. [PMID: 17867467 DOI: 10.1556/avet.55.2007.3.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The current method to detect antibody titre against infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) in chickens is based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using whole virus as coating antigen. Coating the ELISA plates requires a purified or at least semi-purified preparation of virus as antigen, which needs special skills and techniques. In this study, instead of using whole virus, recombinant protein of hexahistidine tag (His 6 tag) and VPX protein of IBDV expressed in E. coli was used as an alternative antigen to coat the ELISA plates. There was a good correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.972) between the results of the ELISA using plates coated with monoclonal antibody against His 6 tag and those of the commercial IBDV ELISA kit. Hence, His 6 tag and VPX recombinant protein expressed in E. coli has the potential for the development of ELISA for the measurement of IBDV-specific antibody.
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Ali AM, Al-Abdulgader A, Kamal HM, Al-Wehedy A. Traumatic and non-traumatic coma in children in the referral hospital, Al-Hasa, Saudi Arabia. East Mediterr Health J 2007; 13:608-14. [PMID: 17687834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Fahad Hospital, which is the only referral centre for Al-Hasa region, Saudi Arabia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Ali
- King Fahad Hospital and Maternity & Children Hospital, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
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Abstract
Our recent studies on the stem bark of Calophyllum mucigerum (Guttiferae) have yielded a new coumarin mucigerin, a prenylated xanthone cudraxanthone C and the common steroidal triterpenes friedelin and stigmasterol. Structural elucidations of these compounds were achieved using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, DEPT, COSY, HETCOR and HMBC experiments while MS gave the molecular masses. Cytotoxic assays using CEM-SS cell line (T-lymphoblastic leukemia) on the crude extracts of the stem bark indicated some activity. The crude extracts were also found to be moderately toxic against the larvae of Aedes aegypti. This article reports the isolation and identification of mucigerin as well as bioassay data.
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Affiliation(s)
- G C L Ee
- Department of Chemistry, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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49
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Chan KM, Rajab NF, Ishak MHA, Ali AM, Yusoff K, Din LB, Inayat-Hussain SH. Goniothalamin induces apoptosis in vascular smooth muscle cells. Chem Biol Interact 2006; 159:129-40. [PMID: 16297902 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2005.10.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2005] [Revised: 10/13/2005] [Accepted: 10/14/2005] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Restenosis represents a major impediment to the success of coronary angioplasty. Abnormal proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) has been shown to be an important process in the pathogenesis of restenosis. A number of agents, particularly rapamycin and paclitaxel, have been shown to impact on this process. This study was carried out to determine the mechanisms of cytotoxicity of goniothalamin (GN) on VSMCs. Results from MTT cytotoxicity assay showed that the IC(50) for GN was 4.4 microg/ml (22 microM), which was lower compared to the clinically used rapamycin (IC(50) of 25 microg/ml [27.346 microM]). This was achieved primarily via apoptosis where up to 25.83 +/- 0.44% of apoptotic cells were detected after 72 h treatment with GN. In addition, GN demonstrated similar effects as rapamycin in inhibiting VSMCs proliferation using bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) cell proliferation assay after 72 h treatment at IC(50) concentration (p > 0.05). In order to understand the mechanisms of GN, DNA damage detection using comet assay was determined at 2h post-treatment with GN. Our results showed that there was a concentration-dependent increase in DNA damage in VSMCs prior to cytotoxicity. Moreover, GN effects were comparable to rapamycin. In conclusion, our data show that GN initially induces DNA damage which subsequently leads to cytotoxicity primarily via apoptosis in VSMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Chan
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Habsah M, Ali AM, Lajis NH, Sukari MA, Yap YH, Kikuzaki H, Nakatani N. Antitumour-promoting and cytotoxic constituents of etlingera elatior. Malays J Med Sci 2005; 12:6-12. [PMID: 22605941 PMCID: PMC3349407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytochemical studies on rhizome of Etlingera elatior have resulted in the isolation of 1,7-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,4,6-heptatrienone (1), demethoxycurcumin (2), 1,7-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4,6-heptatrien-3-one (3), 16-hydroxylabda-8(17),11,13-trien-16,15-olide (4), stigmast-4-en-3-one (5), stigmast-4-ene-3,6-dione (6), stigmast-4-en-6b-ol-3-one (7), 5α,8α-epidioxyergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol (8). 1 and 4 were new compounds. Compounds 5 and 7 displayed high antitumour-promoting activity. Ethyl acetate extract showed a very significant cytotoxic activity against CEM-SS and MCF-7 cell lines (4 μg/ml and 6.25 μg/ml respectively). The antitumour-promoting activity was determined by EBV-EA assay and cytotoxic activity was determined by MTT assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Habsah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University College of Science and Technology Malaysia (KUSTEM), Mengabang Telipot, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - AM Ali
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Food Science and Biotechnology
| | - NH Lajis
- Phytomedicinal Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience and
| | - MA Sukari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Environmental Study, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor
| | - YH Yap
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Environmental Study, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor
| | - H Kikuzaki
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Japan
| | - N Nakatani
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Japan
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