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Ixquiac M, Reynoso FJ, Schmidt M, Mazur TR, Zhao T, Gay HA, Hugo GD, Henke LE, Michalski JM, Velarde A, De Falla V, Reyes FE, Montenegro E, Ruiz Furlan EA, Sun B. Bridging the Gap of Radiotherapy Treatment Planning Quality between High-Income, and Low- and Middle-Income Countries Using Knowledge-Based Planning. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e591. [PMID: 37785788 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Radiotherapy departments in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) like Guatemala have recently introduced intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). IMRT has become the standard of care in high-income countries (HIC) due to reduced toxicity and improved outcomes in some cancers. The purpose of this work is to show the feasibility of adapting knowledge-based (KB) models established in a HIC to a LMIC lacking experience in IMRT to improve plan quality and planning efficiency. MATERIALS/METHODS A Halcyon Linac was installed at our clinic in Guatemala in 2019 and has been used to treat approximately 90 patients daily with IMRT. A model developed on a cohort of head and neck cancer patients at a US academic radiotherapy center were applied at our center to create 20head and neck VMAT plans with different prescriptions, including simultaneous-integrated and sequential boosts. RESULTS The plans created using the KB models achieved similar coverage of the planning target volume for each plan KB plans showed better 1) Parotid sparing with a mean dose reduction between 5%-25% and spinal cord maximum dose reduction between 3%-15%. The time efficiency to create VMAT plans using KB model versus manual planning improved four-fold, on average one hour versus more than 4 hours, respectively. CONCLUSION Despite different prescriptions, guidelines and demographics of cancer patients between two institutions in a HIC and LMIC, this work demonstrates that KB planning can be used to generate better and more consistent VMAT plans versus manually created plans. In addition, KB planning has the potential to greatly increase planning efficiency higher efficiency and help address the shortage of medical physicists and dosimetrists in LMICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ixquiac
- Liga Nacional Contra el Cáncer e Instituto de Cancerología LIGA-INCAN, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - F J Reynoso
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Louis, MO
| | - M Schmidt
- Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - T R Mazur
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Louis, MO
| | - T Zhao
- Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - H A Gay
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Louis, MO
| | - G D Hugo
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - L E Henke
- University Hospitals, Department of Radiation Oncology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - J M Michalski
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - A Velarde
- Liga Nacional Contra el Cáncer e Instituto de Cancerología LIGA-INCAN, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - V De Falla
- Liga Nacional Contra el Cáncer e Instituto de Cancerología LIGA-INCAN, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - F E Reyes
- Liga Nacional Contra el Cáncer e Instituto de Cancerología LIGA-INCAN, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - E Montenegro
- Liga Nacional Contra el Cáncer / INCAN, Guatemala, Guatemala
| | - E A Ruiz Furlan
- Liga Nacional Contra el Cáncer e Instituto de Cancerología LIGA-INCAN, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - B Sun
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston, TX
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Ixquiac M, Montenegro E, Reynoso FJ, Schmidt M, Mazur TR, Zhao T, Gay HA, Hugo GD, Henke LE, Michalski JM, Velarde A, De Falla V, Reyes FE, Furlan EAR, Sun B. Standardizing LT Chest Wall Radiotherapy Treatment Planning in a Low- or Middle- Income Country Radiotherapy Clinic Using Knowledge Based Planning. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e675-e676. [PMID: 37785990 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Radiotherapy departments in low- or middle-income countries (LMICs) tend to lag behind introducing emerging technologies like intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). IMRT has become the standard of care in high-income countries (HIC) due to reduced toxicity and improved outcomes in a wide variety of cancers. The purpose of this work is showing the results of left Chest-Wall knowledge-based planning (KBP) standardization and implementation in a LMIC setting. MATERIALS/METHODS A Halcyon Linac was installed at our clinic in Guatemala in 2019 and currently used to treat ∼90 IMRT patients daily. The standardization of IMRT procedures has been difficult for complex sites like chest-wall. The steps for standardization included: AAPM TG-263 nomenclature implementation, and planning workflows within the TPS, creation of optimization structures, and plan quality evaluation following RTOG1005 protocol hypofractionation arm. 25 plans were created manually achieving all RTOG1005 protocol constraints. The statistics were analyzed trough the model analytics tool provided by KPB manufacturer. RESULTS The results show that more plans are needed to improve the KBP model. This initial model was used to create a standardized clinical protocol in the TPS in order to continue adding plans to the KBP model database. This approach ensures that we obtain consistent plan quality and standardize our planning. The manual planning objectives achieved: CONCLUSION: The experience using the TPS to standardize our treatment planning process achieved good consistency in our planning objectives. This approach will help create KBP models according to our own clinic-specific requirements. Future work will be made to compare our LMIC KBP models with those made at a HIC academic radiotherapy center.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ixquiac
- Liga Nacional Contra el Cáncer e Instituto de Cancerología LIGA-INCAN, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - E Montenegro
- Liga Nacional Contra el Cáncer / INCAN, Guatemala, Guatemala
| | - F J Reynoso
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Louis, MO
| | - M Schmidt
- Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - T R Mazur
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Louis, MO
| | - T Zhao
- Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - H A Gay
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Louis, MO
| | - G D Hugo
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - L E Henke
- University Hospitals, Department of Radiation Oncology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - J M Michalski
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - A Velarde
- Liga Nacional Contra el Cáncer e Instituto de Cancerología LIGA-INCAN, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - V De Falla
- Liga Nacional Contra el Cáncer e Instituto de Cancerología LIGA-INCAN, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - F E Reyes
- Liga Nacional Contra el Cáncer e Instituto de Cancerología LIGA-INCAN, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - E A Ruiz Furlan
- Liga Nacional Contra el Cáncer e Instituto de Cancerología LIGA-INCAN, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - B Sun
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston, TX
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De Falla V, Figueroa F, Michalski J, van Rheenen J, Gay H, Ruiz Furlan E, Kihn A, Hugo G, Sobrevilla L, Garcia M, Davila S, Powderly W, Velarde A, Sun B, Lee K, Huang Y, Ma K, Najera K, García C, Reyes F, Ixquiac M, Henke L. Quality of Life of Patients Treated with Radiotherapy in an Upper Middle-Income Country. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.1698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Kavuma A, Kibudde S, Schmidt M, Zhao T, Gay H, Michalski J, Hugo G, Li B, van Rheenen J, Vanchinbazar E, Minjgee M, N E, Ssewamala F, Velarde A, Furlan EAR, De Falla V, Ixquiac M, Reyes F, Henke L, Sun B. Lessons Learned from Remote Global Radiation Oncology Education and Training on IMRT for Low- and Middle-Income Countries. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.1417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Lee K, Velarde A, Najera K, Sobrevilla L, Palacios E, Gay H, Laugeman E, De Falla V, Mutic S, van Rheenen J, Henke L. Initial Clinical Experience With a State-of-the-Art Linear Accelerator for Radiotherapy in a Low-Resource Setting: The First 35 Patients Treated Via a Guatemalan-American Partnership. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.2505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Velarde A, Najera K, Gay H, Powderly W, Mutic S, Green J, Michalski J, Henke L, De Falla V, Laugeman E, Catu M, Hugo G, Cai B, van Rheenen J. Transitioning from Old Cobalt-60 Teletherapy to Modern Linac Radiotherapy in a Lower-Middle Income Country Guatemala. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.2511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Najera K, Velarde A, Mutic S, van Rheenen J, Cai B, Laugeman E, Catu M, Hugo G, Henke L, Gay H, De Falla V. Implementation of a Modern Standardized Commissioning – An International Collaboration to Install an Advanced Ring Gantry LINAC in Clinical Mode in a Lower Income Country. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.2510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Roldan-Santiago P, Mota-Rojas D, Martínez-Burnes J, Velarde A, Muns R, López-Mayagoitia A. Neurophysiological development of newborn pigs: effect of the sow. Anim Prod Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1071/an16641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of sow parity on neonatal piglet health and vitality at birth. We evaluated 1505 neonate piglets, which were born of York–Landrace sows with the following parity distribution: primiparous (n = 202), second (n = 207), third (n = 211), fourth (n = 222), fifth (n = 225), sixth (n = 218) and seventh parity (n = 220). Piglets born to primiparous and seventh-parity sows had the lowest and highest birthweights respectively, and showed the most marked imbalances in blood gas exchanges, acid–base balance and energy profiles, as well as the highest percentage of severe meconium staining of the skin and the lowest vitality scores (P < 0.05). In contrast, the neonates from the fourth-parity sows had the highest vitality scores, required less time to reach the mother’s teat, and had the highest percentage of adhered umbilical cords and newborns with dyspnoea, apnoea and abnormal heartbeat (P < 0.05). The results of this study suggest that during eutocic farrowings, the sow’s parity number has the following effects on newborn piglets: reduced vigour and longer latencies to begin breathing, stand and take the teat. These effects are due to the presence of imbalances in gas exchanges, the acid–base balance and energy profiles that occurred when the mother was a primiparous or older sow. These signs indicate that the newborn piglet survived a process of intrapartum asphyxia.
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Abstract
Adopting the concept of One Welfare could help to improve animal welfare and human wellbeing worldwide, argue Rebeca García Pinillos, Michael Appleby, Xavier Manteca, Freda Scott-Park, Charles Smith and Antonio Velarde.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - X Manteca
- Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - C Smith
- Farming Community Network, UK
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More S, Bicout D, Bøtner A, Butterworth A, Calistri P, Depner K, Edwards S, Garin-Bastuji B, Good M, Gortázar Schmidt C, Michel V, Miranda MA, Saxmose Nielsen S, Raj M, Sihvonen L, Spoolder H, Thulke HH, Velarde A, Willeberg P, Winckler C, Adlhoch C, Baldinelli F, Breed A, Brouwer A, Guillemain M, Harder T, Monne I, Roberts H, Cortinas Abrahantes J, Mosbach-Schulz O, Verdonck F, Morgado J, Stegeman A. Urgent request on avian influenza. EFSA J 2017; 15:e04687. [PMID: 32625275 PMCID: PMC7009852 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2016.4687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N8 is currently causing an epizootic in Europe, infecting many poultry holdings as well as captive and wild bird species in more than 10 countries. Given the clear clinical manifestation, passive surveillance is considered the most effective means of detecting infected wild and domestic birds. Testing samples from new species and non‐previously reported areas is key to determine the geographic spread of HPAIV H5N8 2016 in wild birds. Testing limited numbers of dead wild birds in previously reported areas is useful when it is relevant to know whether the virus is still present in the area or not, e.g. before restrictive measures in poultry are to be lifted. To prevent introduction of HPAIV from wild birds into poultry, strict biosecurity implemented and maintained by the poultry farmers is the most important measure. Providing holding‐specific biosecurity guidance is strongly recommended as it is expected to have a high impact on the achieved biosecurity level of the holding. This is preferably done during peace time to increase preparedness for future outbreaks. The location and size of control and in particular monitoring areas for poultry associated with positive wild bird findings are best based on knowledge of the wider habitat and flight distance of the affected wild bird species. It is recommended to increase awareness among poultry farmers in these established areas in order to enhance passive surveillance and to implement enhanced biosecurity measures including poultry confinement. There is no scientific evidence suggesting a different effectiveness of the protection measures on the introduction into poultry holdings and subsequent spread of HPAIV when applied to H5N8, H5N1 or other notifiable HPAI viruses. This publication is linked to the following EFSA Supporting Publications article: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.2903/sp.efsa.2016.EN-1142/full
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Rocha LM, Velarde A, Dalmau A, Saucier L, Faucitano L. Can the monitoring of animal welfare parameters predict pork meat quality variation through the supply chain (from farm to slaughter)? J Anim Sci 2016; 94:359-76. [PMID: 26812341 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2015-9176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between the animal welfare conditions evaluated through the supply chain and pork quality variation. A total of 4,680 pigs from 12 farms-5 animal welfare improved raising system (AWIRS) and 7 conventional raising system (CON) farms-were assessed from farm to slaughter through a comprehensive audit protocol merging the European Welfare Quality, the Canadian Animal Care Assessment, and American Meat Institute audit guide criteria. At the abattoir, a subsample of 1,440 pigs (120 pigs/farm) was randomly chosen out of 24 loads (2 farms per wk) transported by 2 drivers (driver A and driver B) for the assessment of stunning effectiveness, carcass bruises, blood lactate levels, and meat quality traits. Meat quality was assessed in the longissimus lumborum (LL) muscle 24 h postmortem by measuring ultimate pH (pHu), color (L*, a*, and b*), and drip loss. Data were analyzed by the MIXED, GLIMMIX, and NAPAR1WAY procedures of SAS. Spearman correlations were calculated to determine the relationship between audit scores and meat quality traits. Better animal welfare conditions, as showed by greater final scores for good housing (GHo; = 0.001) and good health ( = 0.006) principles, were recorded at AWIRS farms. Pigs from AWIRS farms handled by driver B displayed a greater percentage of turning back ( = 0.01) and slips ( < 0.001) during unloading and a greater ( = 0.02) frequency of falls in the stunning chute. A greater ( = 0.02) reluctance to move at loading was found in CON pigs loaded by driver A compared with driver B, whereas a greater ( < 0.001) reluctance to move was found in these pigs at unloading when they were unloaded by driver B. Drip loss was higher ( = 0.003) and pale, soft, and exudative pork percentage was greater ( < 0.001) in the LL muscle of the heavier AWIRS pigs. The GHO principle was best correlated with pHu ( = -0.75, = 0.01) and Minolta L* value ( = 0.87, < 0.001) of the LL muscle. Overall, drip loss variation in the LL muscle was correlated with the frequency of slips at unloading ( = 0.63, = 0.001) and in the restrainer area ( = 0.74, < 0.001). The results of this study showed that the quality of the raising system and truck driver skills as assessed by animal welfare audit protocols are important sources of variation in the behavioral response of pigs to preslaughter handling and may affect pork quality variation. However, the different live weight between CON and AWIRS pigs may have biased the meat quality results in this study.
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Dalmau A, Pallisera J, Pedernera C, Muñoz I, Carreras R, Casal N, Mainau E, Rodriguez P, Velarde A. Use of high concentrations of carbon dioxide for stunning rabbits reared for meat production. World Rabbit Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.4995/wrs.2016.3880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
<p>Abstract: An investigation was performed to determine whether high concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) at 70-98% in atmospheric air are a suitable alternative for stunning rabbits compared to conventional approaches such as electronarcosis. Aversion to the gas and efficacy in causing prolonged unconsciousness and death were studied in a total of 480 rabbits by means of behavioural parameters, physiological indicators (presence of rhythmic breathing and corneal reflex) and electroencephalography (EEG, brain function). The use of any of the 4 studied concentrations of the gas caused more nasal discomfort and vocalisations than the use of atmospheric air (P<0.001). EEG activity confirmed that loss of posture is a good indicator of the onset of unconsciousness in rabbits exposed to CO<sub>2</sub>, occurring earlier (P<0.05) at 90 and 98% than at 70 and 80%. Rabbits showed signs of aversion for 15 s before the onset of unconsciousness, which occurred around 30 s after the beginning of the exposure to the gas, similar to species such as swine in which high concentrations of CO<sub>2</sub> are also used for stunning. CO<sub>2</sub> at 80 to 98% is suggested as a reasonable concentration range to induce a long state of unconsciousness and death in rabbits, while 70% CO<sub>2</sub> is not recommended because it requires too long duration of exposure (more than 360 s) to ensure effectiveness. Despite the advantages in terms of pre-stun handling and irreversibility, CO<sub>2</sub> is not free of animal welfare concerns. In consequence, a debate is necessary to ascertain if CO<sub>2</sub> can be considered a suitable alternative to stun rabbits, considering the advantages and drawbacks cited, quantified in the present study as 15 s of aversion (nasal discomfort and vocalisations) before losing posture.</p>
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Rodríguez P, Dalmau A, Manteca X, Litvan H, Jensen EW, Velarde A. Assessment of aversion and unconsciousness during exposure to carbon dioxide at high concentration in lambs. Anim Welf 2016. [DOI: 10.7120/09627286.25.1.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Barnard S, Pedernera C, Candeloro L, Ferri N, Velarde A, Dalla Villa P. Development of a new welfare assessment protocol for practical application in long-term dog shelters. Vet Rec 2015; 178:18. [PMID: 26612859 DOI: 10.1136/vr.103336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
In many European shelters, dogs may spend many years confined. A poor environment and inappropriate management may lead to a low quality of life. The absence of harmonised European regulatory frameworks defining the minimum requirements for shelter facilities makes the definition of welfare standards for kennelled dogs challenging. Here, a new protocol was developed and tested to help identify the main welfare issues for shelter dogs. Twenty-six indicators were identified including management, resource and animal based measures. Accuracy and interobserver reliability were checked between four assessors. The protocol was applied in 29 shelters (n=1308 dogs) in six European countries. Overall prevalence of poor health conditions was below 10%. Test-retest reliability and validity of the protocol were investigated with encouraging results. A logistic regression was carried out to assess the potential of the protocol as a tool to identify welfare hazards in shelter environments. Inappropriate space allowance, for example, was found to be a risk factor potentially affecting the animal's cleanliness, skin condition and body condition. The protocol was designed to be concise and easy to implement. Systematic data collection could help identify welfare problems that are likely to arise in certain shelter designs and thus determine improvement in animal care standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Barnard
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise 'G. Caporale', Campo Boario, Teramo 64100, Italy
| | - C Pedernera
- Animal Welfare Subprogram, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries, Veïnat de Sies s/n, Monells, Girona E17121, Spain
| | - L Candeloro
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise 'G. Caporale', Campo Boario, Teramo 64100, Italy
| | - N Ferri
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise 'G. Caporale', Campo Boario, Teramo 64100, Italy
| | - A Velarde
- Animal Welfare Subprogram, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries, Veïnat de Sies s/n, Monells, Girona E17121, Spain
| | - P Dalla Villa
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise 'G. Caporale', Campo Boario, Teramo 64100, Italy
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Cozzi G, Gottardo F, Brscic M, Contiero B, Irrgang N, Knierim U, Pentelescu O, Windig J, Mirabito L, Kling Eveillard F, Dockes A, Veissier I, Velarde A, Fuentes C, Dalmau A, Winckler C. Dehorning of cattle in the EU Member States: A quantitative survey of the current practices. Livest Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2015.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Messori S, Pedernera-Romano C, Magnani D, Rodriguez P, Barnard S, Dalmau A, Velarde A, Dalla Villa P. Unloading or not unloading? Sheep welfare implication of rest stop at control post after a 29h transport. Small Rumin Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2015.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Dalmau A, Velarde A, Rodríguez P, Pedernera C, Llonch P, Fàbrega E, Casal N, Mainau E, Gispert M, King V, Slootmans N, Thomas A, Mombarg M. Use of an anti-GnRF vaccine to suppress estrus in crossbred Iberian female pigs. Theriogenology 2015; 84:342-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Llonch P, Rodríguez P, Casal N, Carreras R, Muñoz I, Dalmau A, Velarde A. Electrical stunning effectiveness with current levels lower than 1 A in lambs and kid goats. Res Vet Sci 2015; 98:154-61. [PMID: 25577544 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2014.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
An experiment with 360 lambs grouped into three Spanish commercial categories, (Pascual, 13-16 kg; Recental, 9-13 kg and Lechal <7 kg carcass weight) and kid goats (7 kg) was performed to assess stunning effectiveness after head-only (HO) and head-to-body (HB) electrical stunning with intensity currents of 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7 Amperes (A) compared to 1.0 A. After stunning, all animals showed tonic-clonic muscular activity and epileptiform EEG, absence of rhythmic breathing, corneal reflex, spontaneous blinking and pain sensibility. The quiescent EEG occurred earlier (P < 0.05) in HB compared to HO in all categories. More animals recovered corneal reflex and rhythmic breathing before onset of the quiescent activity after HO (from 15 to 50%) compared to HB (from 0 to 15%) (P < 0.05). Concluding, HO and HB electrical stunning with 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7 A induce effective stunning similar to 1.0 A in lambs and kid goats. After stunning and sticking, brain failure occurs earlier in HB than HO system.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Llonch
- IRTA, Animal Welfare Subprogram, Veïnat de Síes, Monells, 17121, Spain.
| | - P Rodríguez
- IRTA, Animal Welfare Subprogram, Veïnat de Síes, Monells, 17121, Spain
| | - N Casal
- IRTA, Animal Welfare Subprogram, Veïnat de Síes, Monells, 17121, Spain
| | - R Carreras
- IRTA, Animal Welfare Subprogram, Veïnat de Síes, Monells, 17121, Spain
| | - I Muñoz
- IRTA, Enginyeria Alimentària, Finca Camps i Armet, Monells, 17121, Spain
| | - A Dalmau
- IRTA, Animal Welfare Subprogram, Veïnat de Síes, Monells, 17121, Spain
| | - A Velarde
- IRTA, Animal Welfare Subprogram, Veïnat de Síes, Monells, 17121, Spain
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Dokmanović M, Velarde A, Tomović V, Glamočlija N, Marković R, Janjić J, Baltić M. The effects of lairage time and handling procedure prior to slaughter on stress and meat quality parameters in pigs. Meat Sci 2014; 98:220-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2014.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Revised: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Miranda-de la Lama G, Pascual-Alonso M, Guerrero A, Alberti P, Alierta S, Sans P, Gajan J, Villarroel M, Dalmau A, Velarde A, Campo M, Galindo F, Santolaria M, Sañudo C, María G. Influence of social dominance on production, welfare and the quality of meat from beef bulls. Meat Sci 2013; 94:432-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Revised: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Atkinson S, Velarde A, Llonch P, Algers B. Assessing pig welfare at stunning in Swedish commercial abattoirs using CO 2 group-stun methods. Anim Welf 2012. [DOI: 10.7120/09627286.21.4.487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Plastow GS, Carrión D, Gil M, García-Regueiro JA, I Furnols MF, Gispert M, Oliver MA, Velarde A, Guàrdia MD, Hortós M, Rius MA, Sárraga C, Díaz I, Valero A, Sosnicki A, Klont R, Dornan S, Wilkinson JM, Evans G, Sargent C, Davey G, Connolly D, Houeix B, Maltin CM, Hayes HE, Anandavijayan V, Foury A, Geverink N, Cairns M, Tilley RE, Mormède P, Blott SC. Quality pork genes and meat production. Meat Sci 2012; 70:409-21. [PMID: 22063741 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2004.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2004] [Revised: 06/29/2004] [Accepted: 06/30/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Functional genomics, including analysis of the transcriptome and proteome, provides new opportunities for understanding the molecular processes in muscle and how these influence its conversion to meat. The Quality Pork Genes project was established to identify genes associated with variation in different aspects of raw material (muscle) quality and to then develop genetic tools that could be utilized to improve this quality. DNA polymorphisms identified in the porcine PRKAG3 and CAST genes illustrate the impact that such tools can have in improving meat quality. The resources developed in Quality Pork Genes provide the basis for identifying more of these tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Plastow
- Sygen International, 2 Kingston Business Park, Kingston Bagpuize, Oxfordshire OX13 5FE, UK
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Llonch P, Rodríguez P, Velarde A, de Lima VA, Dalmau A. Aversion to the inhalation of nitrogen and carbon dioxide mixtures compared to high concentrations of carbon dioxide for stunning rabbits. Anim Welf 2012. [DOI: 10.7120/096272812x13353700593923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Temple D, Courboulay V, Velarde A, Dalmau A, Manteca X. The welfare of growing pigs in five different production systems in France and Spain: assessment of health. Anim Welf 2012. [DOI: 10.7120/09627286.21.2.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Llonch P, Andaluz A, Rodríguez P, Dalmau A, Jensen EW, Manteca X, Velarde A. Assessment of consciousness during propofol anaesthesia in pigs. Vet Rec 2011; 169:496a. [PMID: 21949060 DOI: 10.1136/vr.d5643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P Llonch
- IRTA, Animal Welfare Subprogram, Finca Camps i Armet, Monells, 17121, Girona, Spain
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Fàbrega E, Velarde A, Cros J, Gispert M, Suárez P, Tibau J, Soler J. Effect of vaccination against gonadotrophin-releasing hormone, using Improvac®, on growth performance, body composition, behaviour and acute phase proteins. Livest Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2010.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Marti S, Velarde A, de la Torre JL, Bach A, Aris A, Serrano A, Manteca X, Devant M. Effects of ring castration with local anesthesia and analgesia in Holstein calves at 3 months of age on welfare indicators. J Anim Sci 2010; 88:2789-96. [PMID: 20418456 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2009-2408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Forty-seven Holstein calves (130 +/- 3.43 kg of BW and 95 +/- 1.5 d of age) were randomly assigned to 2 treatments [intact (INT), n = 23; or castrated (CAS), n = 24] to evaluate the effect of ring castration at 3 mo of age on welfare indicators. Castration was performed with local anesthesia (2% lidocaine, 3 mL in each testis and 2 mL in the scrotum) and analgesia (flunixin meglumine, intramuscularly, 3 mg/kg of BW). No local anesthesia or analgesia was used with INT calves. Serum cortisol concentration was determined at -120, 0, 30, 60, 90, and 180 min with respect to castration. At d 0, 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, and 49, serum haptoglobin concentration was determined, rectal body and scrotal temperatures were measured, lesions at the castration site were scored, and the activity and behavior of 18 calves (9 INT and 9 CAS) were recorded continuously for 24 h. Weekly BW and concentrate and straw DMI were recorded. To evaluate humoral immunity, at 14 d after castration, ovalbumin was injected subcutaneously and serum antibody titers against ovalbumin before the injection and at d 35 were determined. At d 49 after castration, calves were intravenously injected with ACTH, and at 0, 1, 2, and 4 h thereafter, serum cortisol and testosterone concentrations were determined. Average daily gain was greater (P < 0.001) in INT than CAS calves (1.36 vs. 1.16 +/- 0.038 kg/d, respectively). Area under the curve of cortisol at castration day was reduced (P < 0.05) in CAS calves compared with INT calves (18 vs. 33 +/- 5.2 nmol/L per hour, respectively). The main scrotal lesion score observed in CAS calves throughout the study was 0, corresponding to no visible swelling, inflammation, or infection. However, scrotal lesion scores classified as 1 (swelling) were greater (P < 0.01) at 21 and 28 d after castration than at 1, 3, 7, and 14 d. Abnormal standing occurred more frequently (P < 0.001) in CAS than INT calves (2.6 vs. 0.5 +/- 0.03%, respectively) from 3 to 14 d after castration. Head turning tended (P = 0.06) to be greater at d 14 of the study in CAS than INT calves (3.0 vs. 2.6 +/- 0.04%, respectively). At d 49, 100% of CAS calves had no testes and no serum testosterone was detected. In summary, ring castration of Holstein calves performed at 3 mo of age with local anesthesia and analgesia decreased ADG and affected some behavioral traits during the first 14 d after castration. However, intake, serum cortisol and haptoglobin concentrations, rectal temperature, and humoral immunity were not altered.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Marti
- Department of Ruminant Production, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), and Animal Nutrition, Management, and Welfare Research Group, Torre Marimon, 08140 Caldes de Montbui, Barcelona, Spain
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Mach N, Bach A, Realini CE, Font I Furnols M, Velarde A, Devant M. Burdizzo pre-pubertal castration effects on performance, behaviour, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of Holstein bulls fed high-concentrate diets. Meat Sci 2008; 81:329-34. [PMID: 22064171 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2008.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2008] [Revised: 08/06/2008] [Accepted: 08/09/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The effects of Burdizzo pre-pubertal castration on performance, behaviour, carcass, and meat quality of Holstein bulls fed high-concentrate diets were evaluated. Two hundred bulls (8.0±0.42 months old) were randomly assigned to control (CTR) or Burdizzo castration (BURD). After 121d, ADG, BW, and HCW were greater in CTR animals than in BURD animals, as well as, the agonistic and sexual behaviour. However, carcass fatness and intramuscular LT (longissimus thoracis) fat percentage were greater in BURD animals than in CTR animals. Additionally, CTR animals showed lower L(∗), a(∗), and b(∗) than BURD. The WBSF was smaller (P<0.01) in BURD than in CTR bulls at all ageing days, and in both treatments decreased (P<0.01) from 0 to 7d of ageing. Additionally, at day 0 of ageing, meat from BURD animals showed similar WBSF to meat from CTR bulls after 7d of ageing. However, 23% of BURD animals did not have a complete testicular atrophy, suggesting that the method of castration was not completely effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Mach
- Animal Nutrition, Management, and Welfare Group, Unitat de Remugants, IRTA (Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries) - Torre Marimon, 08140 Caldes de Montbui, Barcelona, Spain
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Abraham J, Abreu P, Aglietta M, Aguirre C, Allard D, Allekotte I, Allen J, Allison P, Alvarez-Muñiz J, Ambrosio M, Anchordoqui L, Andringa S, Anzalone A, Aramo C, Argirò S, Arisaka K, Armengaud E, Arneodo F, Arqueros F, Asch T, Asorey H, Assis P, Atulugama BS, Aublin J, Ave M, Avila G, Bäcker T, Badagnani D, Barbosa AF, Barnhill D, Barroso SLC, Baughman B, Bauleo P, Beatty JJ, Beau T, Becker BR, Becker KH, Bellido JA, Benzvi S, Berat C, Bergmann T, Bernardini P, Bertou X, Biermann PL, Billoir P, Blanch-Bigas O, Blanco F, Blasi P, Bleve C, Blümer H, Bohácová M, Bonifazi C, Bonino R, Brack J, Brogueira P, Brown WC, Buchholz P, Bueno A, Burton RE, Busca NG, Caballero-Mora KS, Cai B, Camin DV, Caramete L, Caruso R, Carvalho W, Castellina A, Catalano O, Cataldi G, Cazon L, Cester R, Chauvin J, Chiavassa A, Chinellato JA, Chou A, Chudoba J, Chye J, Clark PDJ, Clay RW, Colombo E, Conceição R, Connolly B, Contreras F, Coppens J, Cordier A, Cotti U, Coutu S, Covault CE, Creusot A, Criss A, Cronin J, Curutiu A, Dagoret-Campagne S, Daumiller K, Dawson BR, de Almeida RM, De Donato C, de Jong SJ, De La Vega G, Junior WJMDM, Neto JRTDM, De Mitri I, de Souza V, Del Peral L, Deligny O, Della Selva A, Fratte CD, Dembinski H, Di Giulio C, Diaz JC, Diep PN, Dobrigkeit C, D'Olivo JC, Dong PN, Dornic D, Dorofeev A, Dos Anjos JC, Dova MT, D'Urso D, Dutan I, Duvernois MA, Engel R, Epele L, Erdmann M, Escobar CO, Etchegoyen A, Luis PFS, Falcke H, Farrar G, Fauth AC, Fazzini N, Ferrer F, Ferrero A, Fick B, Filevich A, Filipcic A, Fleck I, Fracchiolla CE, Fulgione W, García B, Gámez DG, Garcia-Pinto D, Garrido X, Geenen H, Gelmini G, Gemmeke H, Ghia PL, Giller M, Glass H, Gold MS, Golup G, Albarracin FG, Berisso MG, Gonçalves P, do Amaral MG, Gonzalez D, Gonzalez JG, González M, Góra D, Gorgi A, Gouffon P, Grassi V, Grillo AF, Grunfeld C, Guardincerri Y, Guarino F, Guedes GP, Gutiérrez J, Hague JD, Halenka V, Hamilton JC, Hansen P, Harari D, Harmsma S, Harton JL, Haungs A, Hauschildt T, Healy MD, Hebbeker T, Hebrero G, Heck D, Hojvat C, Holmes VC, Homola P, Hörandel JR, Horneffer A, Hrabovský M, Huege T, Hussain M, Iarlori M, Insolia A, Ionita F, Italiano A, Kaducak M, Kampert KH, Karova T, Kasper P, Kégl B, Keilhauer B, Kemp E, Kieckhafer RM, Klages HO, Kleifges M, Kleinfeller J, Knapik R, Knapp J, Koang DH, Krieger A, Krömer O, Kuempel D, Kunka N, Kusenko A, La Rosa G, Lachaud C, Lago BL, Lebrun D, Lebrun P, Lee J, de Oliveira MAL, Letessier-Selvon A, Leuthold M, Lhenry-Yvon I, López R, Agüera AL, Bahilo JL, Lucero A, García RL, Maccarone MC, Macolino C, Maldera S, Mancarella G, Manceñido ME, Mandat D, Mantsch P, Mariazzi AG, Maris IC, Falcon HRM, Martello D, Martínez J, Bravo OM, Mathes HJ, Matthews J, Matthews JAJ, Matthiae G, Maurizio D, Mazur PO, McCauley T, McEwen M, McNeil RR, Medina MC, Medina-Tanco G, Melo D, Menichetti E, Menschikov A, Meurer C, Meyhandan R, Micheletti MI, Miele G, Miller W, Mollerach S, Monasor M, Ragaigne DM, Montanet F, Morales B, Morello C, Moreno JC, Morris C, Mostafá M, Muller MA, Mussa R, Navarra G, Navarro JL, Navas S, Necesal P, Nellen L, Newman-Holmes C, Newton D, Nhung PT, Nierstenhoefer N, Nitz D, Nosek D, Nozka L, Oehlschläger J, Ohnuki T, Olinto A, Olmos-Gilbaja VM, Ortiz M, Ortolani F, Ostapchenko S, Otero L, Pacheco N, Selmi-Dei DP, Palatka M, Pallotta J, Parente G, Parizot E, Parlati S, Pastor S, Patel M, Paul T, Pavlidou V, Payet K, Pech M, Pekala J, Pelayo R, Pepe IM, Perrone L, Pesce R, Petrera S, Petrinca P, Petrov Y, Pichel A, Piegaia R, Pierog T, Pimenta M, Pinto T, Pirronello V, Pisanti O, Platino M, Pochon J, Privitera P, Prouza M, Quel EJ, Rautenberg J, Redondo A, Reucroft S, Revenu B, Rezende FAS, Ridky J, Riggi S, Risse M, Rivière C, Rizi V, Roberts M, Robledo C, Rodriguez G, Martino JR, Rojo JR, Rodriguez-Cabo I, Rodríguez-Frías MD, Ros G, Rosado J, Roth M, Rouillé-d'Orfeuil B, Roulet E, Rovero AC, Salamida F, Salazar H, Salina G, Sánchez F, Santander M, Santo CE, Santos EM, Sarazin F, Sarkar S, Sato R, Scherini V, Schieler H, Schmidt A, Schmidt F, Schmidt T, Scholten O, Schovánek P, Schroeder F, Schulte S, Schüssler F, Sciutto SJ, Scuderi M, Segreto A, Semikoz D, Settimo M, Shellard RC, Sidelnik I, Siffert BB, Sigl G, Grande NSD, Smiałkowski A, Smída R, Smith AGK, Smith BE, Snow GR, Sokolsky P, Sommers P, Sorokin J, Spinka H, Squartini R, Strazzeri E, Stutz A, Suarez F, Suomijärvi T, Supanitsky AD, Sutherland MS, Swain J, Szadkowski Z, Takahashi J, Tamashiro A, Tamburro A, Tarutina T, Taşcău O, Tcaciuc R, Thao NT, Thomas D, Ticona R, Tiffenberg J, Timmermans C, Tkaczyk W, Peixoto CJT, Tomé B, Tonachini A, Torres I, Travnicek P, Tripathi A, Tristram G, Tscherniakhovski D, Tuci V, Tueros M, Tunnicliffe V, Ulrich R, Unger M, Urban M, Galicia JFV, Valiño I, Valore L, van den Berg AM, van Elewyck V, Vázquez RA, Veberic D, Veiga A, Velarde A, Venters T, Verzi V, Videla M, Villaseñor L, Vorobiov S, Voyvodic L, Wahlberg H, Wahrlich P, Wainberg O, Walker P, Warner D, Watson AA, Westerhoff S, Wieczorek G, Wiencke L, Wilczyńska B, Wilczyński H, Wileman C, Winnick MG, Wu H, Wundheiler B, Yamamoto T, Younk P, Zas E, Zavrtanik D, Zavrtanik M, Zaw I, Zepeda A, Ziolkowski M. Observation of the suppression of the flux of cosmic rays above 4 x 10 (19) eV. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 101:061101. [PMID: 18764444 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.061101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The energy spectrum of cosmic rays above 2.5 x 10;{18} eV, derived from 20,000 events recorded at the Pierre Auger Observatory, is described. The spectral index gamma of the particle flux, J proportional, variantE;{-gamma}, at energies between 4 x 10;{18} eV and 4 x 10;{19} eV is 2.69+/-0.02(stat)+/-0.06(syst), steepening to 4.2+/-0.4(stat)+/-0.06(syst) at higher energies. The hypothesis of a single power law is rejected with a significance greater than 6 standard deviations. The data are consistent with the prediction by Greisen and by Zatsepin and Kuz'min.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Abraham
- Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, FR-Mendoza, Argentina
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Panella-Riera N, Dalmau A, Fàbrega E, Font i Furnols M, Gispert M, Tibau J, Soler J, Velarde A, Oliver M, Gil M. Effect of supplementation with MgCO3 and l-Tryptophan on the welfare and on the carcass and meat quality of two halothane pig genotypes (NN and nn). Livest Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2007.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abraham J, Abreu P, Aglietta M, Aguirre C, Allard D, Allekotte I, Allen J, Allison P, Alvarez-Muñiz J, Ambrosio M, Anchordoqui L, Andringa S, Anzalone A, Aramo C, Argirò S, Arisaka K, Armengaud E, Arneodo F, Arqueros F, Asch T, Asorey H, Assis P, Atulugama BS, Aublin J, Ave M, Avila G, Bäcker T, Badagnani D, Barbosa AF, Barnhill D, Barroso SLC, Bauleo P, Beatty JJ, Beau T, Becker BR, Becker KH, Bellido JA, BenZvi S, Berat C, Bergmann T, Bernardini P, Bertou X, Biermann PL, Billoir P, Blanch-Bigas O, Blanco F, Blasi P, Bleve C, Blümer H, Bohácová M, Bonifazi C, Bonino R, Boratav M, Brack J, Brogueira P, Brown WC, Buchholz P, Bueno A, Burton RE, Busca NG, Caballero-Mora KS, Cai B, Camin DV, Caramete L, Caruso R, Carvalho W, Castellina A, Catalano O, Cataldi G, Cazon L, Cester R, Chauvin J, Chiavassa A, Chinellato JA, Chou A, Chye J, Clark PDJ, Clay RW, Colombo E, Conceição R, Connolly B, Contreras F, Coppens J, Cordier A, Cotti U, Coutu S, Covault CE, Creusot A, Criss A, Cronin J, Curutiu A, Dagoret-Campagne S, Daumiller K, Dawson BR, de Almeida RM, De Donato C, de Jong SJ, De La Vega G, de Mello Junior WJM, de Mello Neto JRT, DeMitri I, de Souza V, del Peral L, Deligny O, Della Selva A, Delle Fratte C, Dembinski H, Di Giulio C, Diaz JC, Dobrigkeit C, D'Olivo JC, Dornic D, Dorofeev A, dos Anjos JC, Dova MT, D'Urso D, Dutan I, DuVernois MA, Engel R, Epele L, Erdmann M, Escobar CO, Etchegoyen A, Facal San Luis P, Falcke H, Farrar G, Fauth AC, Fazzini N, Ferrer F, Ferry S, Fick B, Filevich A, Filipcic A, Fleck I, Fonte R, Fracchiolla CE, Fulgione W, García B, García Gámez D, Garcia-Pinto D, Garrido X, Geenen H, Gelmini G, Gemmeke H, Ghia PL, Giller M, Glass H, Gold MS, Golup G, Gomez Albarracin F, Gómez Berisso M, Gómez Herrero R, Gonçalves P, Gonçalves do Amaral M, Gonzalez D, Gonzalez JG, González M, Góra D, Gorgi A, Gouffon P, Grassi V, Grillo AF, Grunfeld C, Guardincerri Y, Guarino F, Guedes GP, Gutiérrez J, Hague JD, Hamilton JC, Hansen P, Harari D, Harmsma S, Harton JL, Haungs A, Hauschildt T, Healy MD, Hebbeker T, Hebrero G, Heck D, Hojvat C, Holmes VC, Homola P, Hörandel J, Horneffer A, Horvat M, Hrabovský M, Huege T, Hussain M, Iarlori M, Insolia A, Ionita F, Italiano A, Kaducak M, Kampert KH, Karova T, Kégl B, Keilhauer B, Kemp E, Kieckhafer RM, Klages HO, Kleifges M, Kleinfeller J, Knapik R, Knapp J, Koang DH, Krieger A, Krömer O, Kuempel D, Kunka N, Kusenko A, La Rosa G, Lachaud C, Lago BL, Lebrun D, Lebrun P, Lee J, Leigui de Oliveira MA, Letessier-Selvon A, Leuthold M, Lhenry-Yvon I, López R, Lopez Agüera A, Lozano Bahilo J, Luna García R, Maccarone MC, Macolino C, Maldera S, Mancarella G, Manceñido ME, Mandat D, Mantsch P, Mariazzi AG, Maris IC, Marquez Falcon HR, Martello D, Martínez J, Martínez Bravo O, Mathes HJ, Matthews J, Matthews JAJ, Matthiae G, Maurizio D, Mazur PO, McCauley T, McEwen M, McNeil RR, Medina MC, Medina-Tanco G, Meli A, Melo D, Menichetti E, Menschikov A, Meurer C, Meyhandan R, Micheletti MI, Miele G, Miller W, Mollerach S, Monasor M, Monnier Ragaigne D, Montanet F, Morales B, Morello C, Moreno JC, Morris C, Mostafá M, Muller MA, Mussa R, Navarra G, Navarro JL, Navas S, Necesal P, Nellen L, Newman-Holmes C, Newton D, Nguyen Thi T, Nierstenhoefer N, Nitz D, Nosek D, Nozka L, Oehlschläger J, Ohnuki T, Olinto A, Olmos-Gilbaja VM, Ortiz M, Ortolani F, Ostapchenko S, Otero L, Pacheco N, Pakk Selmi-Dei D, Palatka M, Pallotta J, Parente G, Parizot E, Parlati S, Pastor S, Patel M, Paul T, Pavlidou V, Payet K, Pech M, Pekala J, Pelayo R, Pepe IM, Perrone L, Petrera S, Petrinca P, Petrov Y, Pham Ngoc D, Pham Ngoc D, Pham Thi TN, Pichel A, Piegaia R, Pierog T, Pimenta M, Pinto T, Pirronello V, Pisanti O, Platino M, Pochon J, Privitera P, Prouza M, Quel EJ, Rautenberg J, Redondo A, Reucroft S, Revenu B, Rezende FAS, Ridky J, Riggi S, Risse M, Rivière C, Rizi V, Roberts M, Robledo C, Rodriguez G, Rodríguez Frías D, Rodriguez Martino J, Rodriguez Rojo J, Rodriguez-Cabo I, Ros G, Rosado J, Roth M, Rouillé-d'Orfeuil B, Roulet E, Rovero AC, Salamida F, Salazar H, Salina G, Sánchez F, Santander M, Santo CE, Santos EM, Sarazin F, Sarkar S, Sato R, Scherini V, Schieler H, Schmidt A, Schmidt F, Schmidt T, Scholten O, Schovánek P, Schüssler F, Sciutto SJ, Scuderi M, Segreto A, Semikoz D, Settimo M, Shellard RC, Sidelnik I, Siffert BB, Sigl G, Smetniansky De Grande N, Smiałkowski A, Smída R, Smith AGK, Smith BE, Snow GR, Sokolsky P, Sommers P, Sorokin J, Spinka H, Squartini R, Strazzeri E, Stutz A, Suarez F, Suomijärvi T, Supanitsky AD, Sutherland MS, Swain J, Szadkowski Z, Takahashi J, Tamashiro A, Tamburro A, Taşcău O, Tcaciuc R, Thomas D, Ticona R, Tiffenberg J, Timmermans C, Tkaczyk W, Todero Peixoto CJ, Tomé B, Tonachini A, Torres I, Torresi D, Travnicek P, Tripathi A, Tristram G, Tscherniakhovski D, Tueros M, Tunnicliffe V, Ulrich R, Unger M, Urban M, Valdés Galicia JF, Valiño I, Valore L, van den Berg AM, van Elewyck V, Vázquez RA, Veberic D, Veiga A, Velarde A, Venters T, Verzi V, Videla M, Villaseñor L, Vorobiov S, Voyvodic L, Wahlberg H, Wainberg O, Walker P, Warner D, Watson AA, Westerhoff S, Wieczorek G, Wiencke L, Wilczyńska B, Wilczyński H, Wileman C, Winnick MG, Wu H, Wundheiler B, Yamamoto T, Younk P, Zas E, Zavrtanik D, Zavrtanik M, Zech A, Zepeda A, Ziolkowski M. Upper limit on the diffuse flux of ultrahigh energy tau neutrinos from the Pierre Auger Observatory. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 100:211101. [PMID: 18518595 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.211101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The surface detector array of the Pierre Auger Observatory is sensitive to Earth-skimming tau neutrinos that interact in Earth's crust. Tau leptons from nu(tau) charged-current interactions can emerge and decay in the atmosphere to produce a nearly horizontal shower with a significant electromagnetic component. The data collected between 1 January 2004 and 31 August 2007 are used to place an upper limit on the diffuse flux of nu(tau) at EeV energies. Assuming an E(nu)(-2) differential energy spectrum the limit set at 90% C.L. is E(nu)(2)dN(nu)(tau)/dE(nu)<1.3 x 10(-7) GeV cm(-2) s(-1) sr(-1) in the energy range 2 x 10(17) eV< E(nu)< 2 x 10(19) eV.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Abraham
- Centro de Investigaciones en Laseres y Aplicaciones, CITEFA and CONICET, Argentina
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Font I Furnols M, Gispert M, Guerrero L, Velarde A, Tibau J, Soler J, Hortós M, García-Regueiro JA, Pérez J, Suárez P, Oliver MA. Consumers' sensory acceptability of pork from immunocastrated male pigs. Meat Sci 2008; 80:1013-8. [PMID: 22063830 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2008.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2007] [Accepted: 04/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Boar taint is the off-odour or off flavour of cooked pork. Currently, the most common method of controlling boar taint is surgical castration. However, immunocastration has been used in some parts of the world as an alternative to surgical castration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensory acceptability of meat from immunocastrated pigs (IM) compared with meat from females (FE), surgically castrated (CM) and entire males (EM). Twenty animals of each type were evaluated by 201 consumers in 20 sessions. Longissimus thoracis muscle of the different animals was cooked in an oven at 180°C for 10min. Consumers scored the odour and the flavour of the meat in a 9-point category scale without an intermediate level. There were no significant differences in consumer's evaluation of meat from IM, CM, and FE. In contrast, EM meat presented a higher percentage of dissatisfied scores and was significantly (P<0.05) less accepted than meat from CM, IM and FE. Consumers' acceptability of EM meat was always lower, independently of its androstenone levels. However meat with low levels of androstenone was more accepted that meat with medium or high levels of this substance. It can be concluded that immunocastration produced pork that was accepted by the consumers, and was indistinguishable from pork from CM or FE.
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Abraham J, Abreu P, Aglietta M, Aguirre C, Allard D, Allekotte I, Allen J, Allison P, Alvarez C, Alvarez-Muñiz J, Ambrosio M, Anchordoqui L, Andringa S, Anzalone A, Aramo C, Argirò S, Arisaka K, Armengaud E, Arneodo F, Arqueros F, Asch T, Asorey H, Assis P, Atulugama BS, Aublin J, Ave M, Avila G, Bäcker T, Badagnani D, Barbosa AF, Barnhill D, Barroso SLC, Bauleo P, Beatty J, Beau T, Becker BR, Becker KH, Bellido JA, BenZvi S, Berat C, Bergmann T, Bernardini P, Bertou X, Biermann PL, Billoir P, Blanch-Bigas O, Blanco F, Blasi P, Bleve C, Blümer H, Boháčová M, Bonifazi C, Bonino R, Boratav M, Brack J, Brogueira P, Brown WC, Buchholz P, Bueno A, Busca NG, Caballero-Mora KS, Cai B, Camin DV, Caruso R, Carvalho W, Castellina A, Catalano O, Cataldi G, Cazón-Boado L, Cester R, Chauvin J, Chiavassa A, Chinellato JA, Chou A, Chye J, Clark PDJ, Clay RW, Colombo E, Conceição R, Connolly B, Contreras F, Coppens J, Cordier A, Cotti U, Coutu S, Covault CE, Creusot A, Cronin J, Dagoret-Campagne S, Daumiller K, Dawson BR, de Almeida RM, De Donato C, de Jong SJ, De La Vega G, de Mello Junior WJM, de Mello Neto JRT, De Mitri I, de Souza V, del Peral L, Deligny O, Selva AD, Fratte CD, Dembinski H, Di Giulio C, Diaz JC, Dobrigkeit C, D'Olivo JC, Dornic D, Dorofeev A, Anjos JCD, Dova MT, D'Urso D, DuVernois MA, Engel R, Epele L, Erdmann M, Escobar CO, Etchegoyen A, Luis PFS, Falcke H, Farrar G, Fauth AC, Fazzini N, Fernández A, Ferrer F, Ferry S, Fick B, Filevich A, Filipčič A, Fleck I, Fonte R, Fracchiolla CE, Fulgione W, García B, García Gámez D, Garcia-Pinto D, Garrido X, Geenen H, Gelmini G, Gemmeke H, Ghia PL, Giller M, Glass H, Gold MS, Golup G, Albarracin FG, Berisso MG, Herrero RG, Gonçalves P, do Amaral MG, Gonzalez D, Gonzalez JG, González M, Góra D, Gorgi A, Gouffon P, Grassi V, Grillo A, Grunfeld C, Guardincerri Y, Guarino F, Guedes GP, Gutiérrez J, Hague JD, Hamilton JC, Hansen P, Harari D, Harmsma S, Harton JL, Haungs A, Hauschildt T, Healy MD, Hebbeker T, Heck D, Hojvat C, Holmes VC, Homola P, Hörandel J, Horneffer A, Horvat M, Hrabovský M, Huege T, Iarlori M, Insolia A, Ionita F, Italiano A, Kaducak M, Kampert KH, Keilhauer B, Kemp E, Kieckhafer RM, Klages HO, Kleifges M, Kleinfeller J, Knapik R, Knapp J, Koang DH, Kopmann A, Krieger A, Krömer O, Kümpel D, Kunka N, Kusenko A, La Rosa G, Lachaud C, Lago BL, Lebrun D, LeBrun P, Lee J, de Oliveira MAL, Letessier-Selvon A, Leuthold M, Lhenry-Yvon I, López R, Lopez Agüera A, Bahilo JL, Maccarone MC, Macolino C, Maldera S, Malek M, Mancarella G, Manceñido ME, Mandat D, Mantsch P, Mariazzi AG, Maris IC, Martello D, Martínez J, Bravo OM, Mathes HJ, Matthews J, Matthews JAJ, Matthiae G, Maurizio D, Mazur PO, McCauley T, McEwen M, McNeil RR, Medina MC, Medina-Tanco G, Meli A, Melo D, Menichetti E, Menschikov A, Meurer C, Meyhandan R, Micheletti MI, Miele G, Miller W, Mollerach S, Monasor M, Ragaigne DM, Montanet F, Morales B, Morello C, Moreno E, Moreno JC, Morris C, Mostafá M, Muller MA, Mussa R, Navarra G, Navarro JL, Navas S, Nellen L, Newman-Holmes C, Newton D, Thi TN, Nierstenhöfer N, Nitz D, Nosek D, Nožka L, Oehlschläger J, Ohnuki T, Olinto A, Olmos-Gilbaja VM, Ortiz M, Ostapchenko S, Otero L, Selmi-Dei DP, Palatka M, Pallotta J, Parente G, Parizot E, Parlati S, Pastor S, Patel M, Paul T, Pavlidou V, Payet K, Pech M, Pȩkala J, Pelayo R, Pepe IM, Perrone L, Petrera S, Petrinca P, Petrov Y, Ngoc D, Ngoc D, Thi TNP, Pichel A, Piegaia R, Pierog T, Pimenta M, Pinto T, Pirronello V, Pisanti O, Platino M, Pochon J, Porter TA, Privitera P, Prouza M, Quel EJ, Rautenberg J, Reucroft S, Revenu B, Rezende FAS, Řídký J, Riggi S, Risse M, Rivière C, Rizi V, Roberts M, Robledo C, Rodriguez G, Frías DR, Martino JR, Rojo JR, Rodriguez-Cabo I, Ros G, Rosado J, Roth M, Rouillé-d'Orfeuil B, Roulet E, Rovero AC, Salamida F, Salazar H, Salina G, Sánchez F, Santander M, Santo CE, Santos EM, Sarazin F, Sarkar S, Sato R, Scherini V, Schieler H, Schmidt F, Schmidt T, Scholten O, Schovánek P, Schüssler F, Sciutto SJ, Scuderi M, Segreto A, Semikoz D, Settimo M, Shellard RC, Sidelnik I, Siffert BB, Sigl G, De Grande NS, Smiałkowski A, šmída R, Smith AGK, Smith BE, Snow GR, Sokolsky P, Sommers P, Sorokin J, Spinka H, Squartini R, Strazzeri E, Stutz A, Suarez F, Suomijärvi T, Supanitsky AD, Sutherland MS, Swain J, Szadkowski Z, Takahashi J, Tamashiro A, Tamburro A, Taşcău O, Tcaciuc R, Thomas D, Ticona R, Tiffenberg J, Timmermans C, Tkaczyk W, Peixoto CJT, Tomé B, Tonachini A, Torresi D, Travnicek P, Tripathi A, Tristram G, Tscherniakhovski D, Tueros M, Tunnicliffe V, Ulrich R, Unger M, Urban M, Galicia JFV, Valiño I, Valore L, van den Berg AM, van Elewyck V, Vázquez RA, Veberič D, Veiga A, Velarde A, Venters T, Verzi V, Videla M, Villaseñor L, Vorobiov S, Voyvodic L, Wahlberg H, Wainberg O, Waldenmaier T, Walker P, Warner D, Watson AA, Westerhoff S, Wieczorek G, Wiencke L, Wilczyńska B, Wilczyński H, Wileman C, Winnick MG, Wu H, Wundheiler B, Xu J, Yamamoto T, Younk P, Zas E, Zavrtanik D, Zavrtanik M, Zech A, Zepeda A, Ziolkowski M. Correlation of the Highest-Energy Cosmic Rays with Nearby Extragalactic Objects. Science 2007; 318:938-43. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1151124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 560] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Mach N, Bach A, Velarde A, Devant M. Association between animal, transportation, slaughterhouse practices, and meat pH in beef. Meat Sci 2007; 78:232-8. [PMID: 22062275 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2007.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2007] [Accepted: 06/18/2007] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of factors related to animal, farm, transportation, and animal handling at the slaughterhouse, as well as their interactions, on pH of beef meat. A total of 5494 cattle (343±45d of age) from 181 different Spanish farms were surveyed during three seasons (spring, summer, and winter) and a total of 25 pre-slaughter variables were recorded. Meat pH was measured at the Longissimus dorsi 24h post-mortem (pH(24)). After a variable selection procedure, a mixed-effects logistic regression model was conducted with 5 variables (1 random and 4 fixed) to identify the main factors, and their interactions, affecting meat pH(24). Average incidences of meat pH(24) greater than 5.8 and 6.0 were 13.89% and 4.02%, respectively. The variability of meat pH(24) explained with studied factors and their interactions was only 4.9%, a value too low to allow making technical decisions to improve meat pH(24) in the Spanish market considering the variables studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Mach
- Animal Nutrition, Management, and Welfare Group, IRTA-Torre Marimon (Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries), Barcelona 08140, Spain
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Gispert M, Font I Furnols M, Gil M, Velarde A, Diestre A, Carrión D, Sosnicki AA, Plastow GS. Relationships between carcass quality parameters and genetic types. Meat Sci 2007; 77:397-404. [PMID: 22061793 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2007.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2006] [Revised: 03/05/2007] [Accepted: 04/11/2007] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
It is important for the meat industry, including pig farmers and breeding companies, to know the composition of the carcass including the proportions of the different commercial cuts when making decisions on the type of pigs to be produced and marketed. Carcass composition is influenced significantly by the genotype of the animals. The aim of this work was to characterise carcasses from five different pig genotypes, by means of the quantification and comparison of their physical composition. Carcasses from 500 gilts from five different genetic types were studied. These lines were based on the following breeds: Large White, Landrace, Duroc, Piétrain and a Meishan synthetic population developed from a cross with a Large White based line. Measurements were taken in the carcasses directly with a ruler and with the Fat-O-Meat'er. The carcasses were cut following the European reference method and the four main joints were dissected. Carcasses from the Piétrain based line, which was halothane negative, presented the highest killing-out (83.34%) and were the shortest (81.81cm). The Piétrain based line was also the leanest and the Meishan based line the fattest. The highest proportion of ham (270.9g/kg) and the lowest proportion of belly (97.97g/kg) were found in the Piétrain line. The proportion of lean in all of the dissected cuts was higher in carcasses from this line while the Meishan line presented the highest proportions of intermuscular fat in all of the pieces. Carcasses came from the Piétrain line received the highest conformation scores and they were leaner and with better ham yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gispert
- IRTA, Finca Camps i Armet, 17121 Monells, Spain
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Fàbrega E, Manteca X, Font J, Gispert M, Carrión D, Velarde A, Ruiz-de-la-Torre JL, Diestre A. A comparison of halothane homozygous negative and positive pietrain sire lines in relation to carcass and meat quality, and welfare traits. Meat Sci 2004; 66:777-87. [PMID: 22061008 DOI: 10.1016/s0309-1740(03)00128-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2002] [Accepted: 05/16/2003] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Fàbrega
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, Centre de Tecnologia de la Carn, Granja Camps i Armet, 17121 Monells, Girona, Spain
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Fàbrega E, Manteca X, Font J, Gispert M, Carrión D, Velarde A, Ruiz-de-la-Torre J, Diestre A. Effects of halothane gene and pre-slaughter treatment on meat quality and welfare from two pig crosses. Meat Sci 2002; 62:463-72. [DOI: 10.1016/s0309-1740(02)00040-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2001] [Revised: 01/14/2002] [Accepted: 01/14/2002] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Sinus tenderness has not been quantitatively assessed. OBJECTIVE We sought to compare sinus and systemic tenderness in rhinosinusitis, allergic rhinitis, and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), and healthy (non-CFS) groups. METHODS Cutaneous pressures (kg/cm(2)) causing pain at 5 sinus and 18 systemic sites were measured in acute and chronic rhinosinusitis, active allergic rhinitis, healthy non-CFS/no rhinosinusitis, and CFS subjects. RESULTS Sinus thresholds differed significantly (P </= 10(-11), ANOVA) between non-CFS/no rhinosinusitis (1.59 +/- 0.14 kg/cm(2), mean +/- 95% CI, n = 117), allergic rhinitis (1.19 +/- 0.31, n = 30), exacerbations of chronic rhinosinusitis (1.25 +/- 0.26, n = 25), non-CFS/chronic rhinosinusitis (1.23 +/- 0.27, n = 23), acute rhinosinusitis (1.10 +/- 0.20, n = 22), CFS/no rhinosinusitis (0.98 +/- 0.15, n = 70), and CFS/chronic rhinosinusitis (0.78 +/- 0.12, n = 56). Systemic pressure thresholds were lower for CFS (1.46 +/- 0.15) than for non-CFS (2.67 +/- 0.22, P </= 10(-11)). CONCLUSIONS The lower sinus thresholds of rhinosinusitis groups validated the sign of sinus tenderness. Sinus and systemic thresholds were both 44% lower in CFS than in non-CFS subjects, suggesting that systemic hyperalgesia contributed to CFS sinus tenderness and "rhinosinusitis" complaints.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Naranch
- Chronic Pain and Fatigue Research Center, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007-2097, USA
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Park YJ, Repka-Ramirez MS, Naranch K, Velarde A, Clauw D, Baraniuk JN. Nasal lavage concentrations of free hemoglobin as a marker of microepistaxis during nasal provocation testing. Allergy 2002; 57:329-35. [PMID: 11906364 DOI: 10.1034/j.1398-9995.2002.1o3253.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The constituents of nasal mucus may be contaminated by plasma if there is epistaxis. Gross epistaxis is apparent as a red lavage fluid, while microepistaxis may yield a clear fluid. If gross or microepistaxis are present, it will be difficult to decide whether plasma protein concentrations are elevated because of plasma exudation or bleeding. In order to discriminate between these two possibilities, we measured erythrocyte-derived free hemoglobin (fHb) in nasal lavage fluids. METHODS Single-blinded subjects underwent standard hypertonic saline nasal provocation. Unilateral hypertonic nasal provocation was performed in normal, allergic rhinitis (AR) and nonallergic rhinitis (NAR) subjects (total of 1316 specimens). fHb was measured using the Sigma-Aldrich kit (St. Louis, MO). Grossly bloody specimens were analyzed separately from the remainder. Statistical analysis defined the means and 95th percentiles for fHb and albumin in the nonbloody normal group. RESULTS fHb concentrations ranged from below the limits of detection (< 1 microg/ml) to > 164 microg/ml fHb was 79.3 microg/ml +/- 4.7 (mean +/- SEM) in four normal, 31 AR and 25 NAR grossly bloody specimens. The 95th percentile of fHb in the nonbloody normal samples (n = 68 subjects, n = 681 specimens) was 16.5 microg/ml. This value was defined as the threshold to detect potential microepistaxis, and corresponded to approximately 245 000 erythrocytes per ml of lavage fluid. Total protein (P < 0.05) and albumin (P < 0.001), but not markers of glandular secretion, were significantly increased in samples with fHb > 16.5 microg/ml compared to those < or = 16.5 microg/ml. Elevations of fHb without changes in albumin were more prevalent in nonallergic rhinitis. CONCLUSIONS Significant bleeding into nasal lavage samples can contaminate the specimens and increase the concentrations of both fHb and plasma proteins. Increased albumin alone would indicate increased vascular permeability. The mechanism(s) leading to elevated fHb without increased plasma proteins require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-J Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
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Repka-Ramirez MS, Naranch K, Park YJ, Velarde A, Clauw D, Baraniuk JN. IgE levels are the same in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and control subjects when stratified by allergy skin test results and rhinitis types. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2001; 87:218-21. [PMID: 11570618 DOI: 10.1016/s1081-1206(10)62229-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) has an uncertain pathogenesis. Allergies have been suggested as one cause. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare serum immunoglobulin (Ig)E in CFS and control subjects to determine whether IgE levels were elevated in CFS. This would be suggestive of increased atopy in CFS. METHODS IgE was measured by quantitative ELISA (sandwich) immunoassay in 95 CFS and 109 non-CFS control subjects. Subjects were classified by positive or negative allergy skin tests (AST) and rhinitis questionnaires (rhinitis score, RhSc) into four rhinitis types: nonallergic rhinitis (NAR with positive RhSc and negative AST); allergic rhinitis (AR with positive AST and RhSc); atopic/no rhinitis (AST positive/RhSc negative); and nonatopic/no rhinitis (both AST and RhSc negative) subjects. RESULTS IgE was not significantly different between control (128 +/- 18 IU/mL, mean +/- SEM) and CFS (133 +/- 43 IU/mL) groups, or between control and CFS groups classified into the four rhinitis types. IgE was significantly higher in subjects with positive AST whether or not they had positive RhSc or CFS symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Elevated IgE and positive AST indicate allergen sensitization, but are not necessarily indicators of symptomatic allergic diseases. There was no association between IgE levels and CFS, indicating that atopy was probably not more prevalent in CFS. Therefore, TH2-lymphocyte and IgE-mast cell mechanisms are unlikely causes of CFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Repka-Ramirez
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007-2197, USA
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Velarde A, Gispert M, Faucitano L, Alonso P, Manteca X, Diestre A. Effects of the stunning procedure and the halothane genotype on meat quality and incidence of haemorrhages in pigs. Meat Sci 2001; 58:313-9. [DOI: 10.1016/s0309-1740(01)00035-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2000] [Revised: 01/02/2001] [Accepted: 01/04/2001] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ruiz-de-la-Torre JL, Velarde A, Diestre A, Gispert M, Hall SJ, Broom DM, Manteca X. Effects of vehicle movements during transport on the stress responses and meat quality of sheep. Vet Rec 2001; 148:227-9. [PMID: 11289548 DOI: 10.1136/vr.148.8.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Two groups of 26 lambs were transported for 15 hours either on smooth highways or on rougher secondary roads. Nine of the animals in each group were monitored for heart rate and the plasma levels of cortisol, creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase, before the journey began, after four, eight and 12 hours and at slaughter. The pH of the meat was measured 45 minutes and 24 hours postmortem and its colour was assessed 24 hours postmortem. The lambs transported on smooth roads had a lower heart rate and lower plasma cortisol concentrations after eight and 12 hours than the lambs transported on rougher roads. Twenty-four hours after slaughter the pH of the meat of the lambs transported on smooth roads was lower than that of the lambs transported on rougher roads.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Ruiz-de-la-Torre
- Department of Biologia Cellular, Fisciologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
The effects of factors such as the position of the tongs, the presence of wool, and the wetness of the skin on the efficiency of the head-only stunning procedure, and the duration of the periods of unconsciousness and analgesia were studied in lambs. The degree of insensibility was determined from the evaluation of physiological responses and electroencephalograms. The proportion of successfully stunned animals was significantly higher (P<0.05) in the animals stunned with the tongs in a frontal position than in those stunned with them in a caudal position, in the animals stunned with wet electrodes than in those stunned with dry electrodes and also in the animals without wool than in those with wool. The interval between stunning and sensibility to pain was affected significantly (P<0.01) only by the position of the tongs, being longer in animals with them in a frontal position than in those with them in a caudal position.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Velarde
- Centre de Tecnologia de la Carn, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, Monells, Girona, Spain
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Ruiz-de-la-Torre JL, Velarde A, Manteca X. Assessing the degree of association in groups of animals using the concept of entropy. Anim Behav 2000; 59:269-272. [PMID: 10675248 DOI: 10.1006/anbe.1999.1290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Nearest-neighbour analysis is commonly used to calculate indices of aggregation in groups of animals. It has several problems, however, including lack of data independence and, when studying groups of animals penned at high densities, the difficulty of determining a given individual's nearest neighbour. We describe an entropy-based method to assess the degree of association (or segregation) of groups of animals. We show that this method gives more information and is more sensitive than the nearest-neighbour technique. An example with a particular experimental situation (mixing groups of lambs) is presented. Copyright 2000 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- JL Ruiz-de-la-Torre
- Section of Physiology, School of Veterinary Science, Autonomous University of Barcelona
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Abstract
Two pig abattoirs (A and B) equipped with an automated head-only and head-to-chest electrical stunning system, and two (C and D) equipped with a manual carbon dioxide stunning system, were evaluated to compare the effectiveness of stunning in a total of 10,454 pigs slaughtered under commercial conditions. In the abattoirs with the electrical stunning system, the percentage of animals that responded to a nose prick was significantly lower (P<0.05) in abattoir B, where a higher current intensity was used (P<0.05), than in abattoir A. No righting reflex was observed in the electrically stunned pigs. In the abattoirs with the carbon dioxide stunning system, the percentage of animals that responded to a nose prick and showed a righting reflex was significantly lower (P<0.05) in abattoir C, where the duration of the carbon dioxide cycle was longer and the interval between discharge from the system to sticking was shorter (P<0.05), than in D. Comparing the electrical and carbon dioxide stunning systems, the pigs stunned with carbon dioxide were significantly more responsive to a nose prick (P<0.05) and 25 per cent of them showed a righting reflex. Under the conditions of the study the fully automated head-only stunning with additional chest electrodes appeared to be more effective and less susceptible to incorrect handling than the manual carbon dioxide stunning system.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Velarde
- Centre de Tecnologia de la Carn, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, Monells, Girona, Spain
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