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Alanazi NAH, Alamri AA, Mashlawi AM, Almuzaini N, Mohamed G, Salama SA. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Chemical Profiling of Commiphora myrrha Resin Extracts and Evaluation of Larvicidal, Antioxidant, and Cytotoxic Activities. Molecules 2024; 29:1778. [PMID: 38675598 PMCID: PMC11051918 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant extracts and essential oils can be alternative environmentally friendly agents to combat pathogenic microbes and malaria vectors. Myrrh is an aromatic oligum resin that is extracted from the stem of Commiphora spp. It is used in medicine as an insecticide, cytotoxic, and aromatic. The current study assessed the effect of Commiphora myrrha resin extracts on the biological potency of the third larval stage of Aedes aegypti, as well as its antioxidant and cytotoxic properties against two types of tumor cells (HepG-2 and Hela cell lines). It also used GC-MS to determine the chemical composition of the C. myrrha resin extracts. Fifty components from the extracted plant were tentatively identified using the GC-MS method, with curzerene (33.57%) typically listed as the primary ingredient, but other compounds also make up a significant portion of the mixture, including 1-Methoxy-3,4,5,7-tetramethylnaphthalene (15.50%), β-Elemene (5.80%), 2-Methoxyfuranodiene (5.42%), 2-Isopropyl-4,7-Dimethyl-1-Naphthol (4.71%), and germacrene B (4.35%). The resin extracts obtained from C. myrrha exhibited significant efficacy in DPPH antioxidant activity, as evidenced by an IC50 value of 26.86 mg/L and a radical scavenging activity percentage of 75.06%. The 50% methanol extract derived from C. myrrha resins exhibited heightened potential for anticancer activity. It demonstrated substantial cytotoxicity against HepG-2 and Hela cells, with IC50 values of 39.73 and 29.41 µg mL-1, respectively. Notably, the extract showed non-cytotoxic activity against WI-38 normal cells, with an IC50 value exceeding 100 µg mL-1. Moreover, the selectivity index for HepG-2 cancer cells (2.52) was lower compared to Hela cancer cells (3.40). Additionally, MeOH resin extracts were more efficient against the different growth stages of the mosquito A. aegypti, with lower LC50, LC90, and LC95 values of 251.83, 923.76, and 1293.35 mg/L, respectively. In comparison to untreated groups (1454 eggs/10 females), the average daily number of eggs deposited (424 eggs/L) decreases at higher doses (1000 mg/L). Finally, we advise continued study into the possible use of C. myrrha resins against additional pests that have medical and veterinary value, and novel chemicals from this extract should be isolated and purified for use in medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naimah Asid H. Alanazi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail 2240, Saudi Arabia; (N.A.H.A.); (N.A.)
| | - Abdullah A. Alamri
- Physical Sciences Department, College of Science, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
- Nanotechnology Research Unit, College of Science, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abadi M. Mashlawi
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nujud Almuzaini
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail 2240, Saudi Arabia; (N.A.H.A.); (N.A.)
| | - Gamal Mohamed
- Human Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 82817, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Salama A. Salama
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
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Alsaedi YE, Almalki AA, Alqurashi RD, Altwairqi RS, Almalki DM, Alshehri KM, Alamri AA, Alswat KA. Assessment of Type II Diabetes Patients' Caregivers' Burnout Level: A Cross-Sectional Study in Taif, Saudi Arabia. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:1091-1099. [PMID: 35422646 PMCID: PMC9005227 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s357340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus type II (T2D) is a chronic condition that requires significant change in the family behavior and is associated with psychosocial conflicts for both patients and their family environment. The aim of this study is to assess burnout among relatives caring for patients with T2D. METHODS This cross-sectional study with random sampling was conducted on 501 caregivers of patients with T2D between April and September 2021 at Prince Mansour armed forces hospital in Taif city, Saudi Arabia. Data collection tool was a modified version of the caregiver stress self-assessment questionnaire. Data analysis was then carried out using t-test and chi-square test (SPSS v20). RESULTS The mean patient age was 64.4+12.0 years, female predominant with longstanding T2D. Metformin was the most prescribed T2D medication. The caregivers' mean age was 34.9+12.4 years, male predominant, and around 45% of them report low level of education and income; 63.9% of the caregivers report little to no stress. Compared with caregivers with mild/moderate stress and moderate/severe stress, caregivers with little to no stress were more likely to be younger in age (P <0.001), male (P = 0.464), single (P = 0.035), patient's offspring (P = 0.490), caring for T2D patients with younger age (P = 0.058) and shorter T2D duration (P = 0.074), patients who were less likely to use a wheelchair (P = 0.008), patients who were less likely to be prescribed a complex insulin regimen and with better glycemic control parameters (both P >0.05), and patients with higher HDL level (P = 0.037). CONCLUSION There were no correlations between the caregivers' levels of stress and the T2D patients' HbA1c levels. There was a significant positive correlation between a caregiver's stress score and the caregiver's age. Future studies are needed to assess other caregivers' parameters and their relation to metabolic control of T2D patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef E Alsaedi
- Public Health Department, Madinah Health Cluster, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: Yousef E Alsaedi, Public Health Department, Madinah Health Cluster, P.O. Box 8592, Madinah, 42391, Saudi Arabia, Tel +966597181795, Email
| | | | | | - Rami S Altwairqi
- Diabetes and Endocrine Specialist Center, Prince Mansour Military Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Daifallah M Almalki
- Diabetes and Endocrine Specialist Center, Prince Mansour Military Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid M Alshehri
- Diabetes and Endocrine Specialist Center, Prince Mansour Military Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Alamri
- Endocrinology Department, Alhada Armed Forces Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled A Alswat
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
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Mosli MH, Alamri AA, Saadah OI. Work and School Absenteeism in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Saudi J Med Med Sci 2021; 9:159-166. [PMID: 34084107 PMCID: PMC8152386 DOI: 10.4103/sjmms.sjmms_79_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which can have a considerable effect on quality of life, productivity and performance, is typically diagnosed during periods of life in which patients have academic and career-related responsibilities. Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the effect of IBD symptoms on work and school absenteeism in patients from Saudi Arabia. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional survey included patients diagnosed with IBD, aged >8–60 years, at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The validated 32-question IBD quality-of-life questionnaire was used to elicit information regarding quality of life and another 9-question validated questionnaire was used to assess work and school absenteeism. A logistic regression analysis was used to identify possible determinants of absenteeism. Results: A total of 123 IBD patients were included, with a 1:1 male-to-female ratio. The median age at presentation was 26 years (range: 8–59 years), 56.9% had Crohn's disease, and 43.1% had ulcerative colitis. Further, 58 (47.2%) were employed, 49 (39.8%) were students and 16 (13%) were unemployed. Forty-seven (43.9%) participants reported absenteeism: 26 were employees (55.3%) and 21 were students (44.7%). A binary logistic regression analysis identified IBD subtype (P = 0.006) and the presence of perianal disease (P = 0.028) as clinical predictors for absenteeism from school or work. A feeling of abdominal pain (P = 0.015), fatigue (P = 0.015) and difficulty taking part in social engagements (P < 0.001) were also significantly associated with absenteeism. Conclusions: A sizeable proportion of the participants reported absenteeism owing to the effects of IBD. IBD subtype, perianal disease, presence of ongoing abdominal pain, fatigue and difficulty in social engagement were strongly associated with nonattendance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud H Mosli
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Alamri
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar I Saadah
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Abbas MA, Alqahtani MS, Alkulib AJ, Almohiy HM, Alshehri RF, Alamri EA, Alamri AA. Development of a novel computational method using computed tomography images for the early detection and severity classification of COVID-19 cases. J Xray Sci Technol 2021; 29:211-228. [PMID: 33579889 DOI: 10.3233/xst-200794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent occurrence of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has highlighted the need for fast, accurate, and simple strategies to identify cases on a large scale. OBJECTIVE This study aims to develop and test an accurate detection and severity classification methodology that may help medical professionals and non-radiologists recognize the behavior and propagation mechanisms of the virus by viewing computed tomography (CT) images of the lungs with implicit materials. METHODS In this study, the process of detecting the virus began with the deployment of a virtual material inside CT images of the lungs of 128 patients. Virtual material is a hypothetical material that can penetrate the healthy regions in the image by performing sequential numerical measurements to interpret images with high data accuracy. The proposed method also provides a segmented image of only the healthy parts of the lung. RESULTS The resulting segmented images, which represent healthy parts of the lung, are classified into six levels of severity. These levels are classified according to physical symptoms. The results of the proposed methodology are compared with those of the radiologists' reports. This comparison revealed that the gold-standard reports correlated with the results of the proposed methodology with a high accuracy rate of 93%. CONCLUSION The study results indicate the possibility of relying on the proposed methodology for discovering the effects of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the lungs through CT imaging analysis with limited dependency on radiologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Computers and communications Department, College of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt
| | - M S Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - A J Alkulib
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Medical Imaging Department, King Faisal Medical City for Southern Regions, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - H M Almohiy
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - R F Alshehri
- Radiology Department, East Jeddah Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - E A Alamri
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Radiology Department, King Faisal Medical Complex, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - A A Alamri
- Radiology Department, Prince Faisal Bin Khalid Cardiac Centre, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Alfarwati TW, Alamri AA, Alshahrani MA, Al-Wassia H. Incidence, Risk factors and Outcome of Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Term Infants at Academic Centre, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Med Arch 2020; 73:183-186. [PMID: 31402802 PMCID: PMC6643333 DOI: 10.5455/medarh.2019.73.183-186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a respiratory disorder of neonates that manifests itself within few hours after delivery. It is one of the most common causes of admission to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and respiratory failure in neonates. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence, risk factors, and the short-term outcomes of RDS in term infants born in an academic tertiary care center at King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital (KAUH), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Methods: Data of all infants admitted to the NICU at the academic center between January 1st 2016 and December 31st 2016 were retrospectively collected. Cases were all term infants who were admitted to NICU with the diagnosis of RDS during the study period. Controls were term infants and 1:1 matched for the date of birth (one or two days from the date of birth of the case) and received routine newborn care. Results: Fifty-nine term infants (59/3601, 1.64%) were admitted to the NICU with RDS and 59 control infants were matched during the study period. Infants with RDS were significantly of lower birth weight and had lower Apgar scores at one and five minutes. Although there was a higher number of cesarean section and PROM in the RDS group, but that didn’t reach statistical significance. Three infants (5.1%) died in the RDS group. Conclusion: Respiratory distress in term infants is still a significant cause of admission to NICU and a predisposing factor for neonatal mortality and morbidity. Preventative and anticipatory measures should be further explored to decrease the burden of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq W Alfarwati
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Alamri
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mubarak A Alshahrani
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Heidi Al-Wassia
- Department of Pediatrics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Alnefaie MN, Alamri AA, Hariri AF, Alsaad MS, Alsulami AM, Abbas AM, Alfozan AA, Aljiffry MM, Al-Abbadi H. Musculoskeletal Symptoms Among Surgeons at a Tertiary Care Center: a Survey Based Study. Med Arch 2019; 73:49-54. [PMID: 31097861 PMCID: PMC6445622 DOI: 10.5455/medarh.2019.73.49-54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Musculoskeletal (MSK) manifestations represent a common work-related physical complication that affect surgeons and impacts their life and the healthcare service negatively. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of work related MSK manifestations among surgeons in a tertiary care hospital and to identify the possible associated risk factors. Methods: A Web-based self-administered cross-sectional survey was conducted. This study targeted all surgeons regardless of their nationalities, ages, genders, and marital statuses. The questionnaire assessed the participants’ demographic data as well as musculoskeletal manifestations. Results: Most respondents (80%) suffered from MSK manifestations that were related to performing surgeries. Back and neck areas represented the most affected body parts (71.1% and 59.8%, respectively). A significantly higher percentage of those with musculoskeletal manifestations practiced for 5-10 years (28.9%) (p = 0.006). Conclusion: MSK pain is common among Saudi surgeons in different specialties. More attention should be directed to improving the physical environments in which the surgeons are operating. Moreover, surgeons should be educated about the recommended ergonomic positions that can prevent or decrease their work related MSK manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majed N Alnefaie
- Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Alamri
- Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohammed S Alsaad
- Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Anas Mn Abbas
- Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel A Alfozan
- Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Murad M Aljiffry
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatim Al-Abbadi
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Alamri AA, AlJehani R, Alnefaie MN, Moshref S, Fida AR. Perception and Knowledge of Facial Plastic Surgery Among Health Care Professionals at Tertiary Care Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: Cross Sectional Study. Mater Sociomed 2019; 31:181-185. [PMID: 31762699 PMCID: PMC6853726 DOI: 10.5455/msm.2019.31.181-185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Plastic surgery is a medical specialty involving the restoration, reconstruction, or alteration of the body. Knowledge about facial plastic surgery among doctors is limited according to some literatures and enriched according to others, depending on the country and study population. Aim: Aim of the study was to evaluate level of knowledge of health care professionals regarding facial plastic surgery. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study included total of 261 health care professionals (consultants, specialists and residents in training) at King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital (KAUH) from all subspecialties during July 2018. The data collected using pre-designed questionnaire and analyzed using professional statistics software. Results: Among 261 participants, sex distribution shows a male-female ratio of 2.78:1. The majority (62.8%) of participants were residents. Mean age (± SD) of participants was 32.28 ± 8.43. Pediatrics, internal medicine, and general surgery were the most common specialties. Among participants, 75.5% agreed that taking training in plastic surgery program is a requirement to be a facial plastic surgeon whether it should be accompanied with at least one other surgery training (23%) or more than one other training (22.2%). The majority (97.7%) have never undergone a facial plastic surgery operation and 78.2% were not willing to undergo one. Conclusion: The study concludes that the knowledge and perception among healthcare professionals in KAUH regarding facial plastic surgeries is on relatively good basis but needs more updates and trainings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Reham AlJehani
- Medical intern, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Sabah Moshref
- Medical student, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulkareem R Fida
- Consultant Plastic surgeon, Department Surgery, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
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Alamri AA, AlJehani R, Alnefaie MN, Moshref S, Fida AR. Perception and Knowledge of Facial Plastic Surgery Among Health Care Professionals at Tertiary Care Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: Cross Sectional Study. Mater Sociomed 2019; 31:125-129. [PMID: 31452638 PMCID: PMC6690406 DOI: 10.5455/msm.2019.31.125-129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Plastic surgery is a medical specialty involving the restoration, reconstruction, or alteration of the body. Knowledge about facial plastic surgery among doctors is limited according to some literatures and enriched according to others, depending on the country and study population. Aim: Aim of the study was to evaluate level of knowledge of health care professionals regarding facial plastic surgery. Methods: A cross-sectional study included total of 261 health care professionals (consultants, specialists and residents in training) at King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital (KAUH) from all subspecialties during July 2018. The data collected using pre-designed questionnaire and analyzed using professional statistics software. Results: Among 261 participants, sex distribution shows a male-female ratio of 2.78:1. The majority (62.8%) of participants were residents. Mean age (± SD) of participants was 32.28 ± 8.43. Pediatrics, internal medicine, and general surgery were the most common specialties. Among participants, 75.5% agreed that taking training in plastic surgery program is a requirement to be a facial plastic surgeon whether it should be accompanied with at least one other surgery training (23%) or more than one other training (22.2%). The majority (97.7%) have never undergone a facial plastic surgery operation and 78.2% were not willing to undergo one. Conclusion: The study concludes that the knowledge and perception among healthcare professionals in KAUH regarding facial plastic surgeries is on relatively good basis but needs more updates and trainings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sabah Moshref
- Department Surgery, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulkareem R Fida
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck surgery, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
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S Aldossary M, A Alamri A, A Alshiha S, A Hattan M, K Alfraih Y, M Alwayli H. Prevalence of Dental Caries and Fissure Sealants in the First Permanent Molars among Male Children in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2019; 11:365-370. [PMID: 30787547 PMCID: PMC6379540 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims To evaluate the prevalence of dental caries and the presence of fissure sealants on the first permanent molars (FPMs) among 6 to 9 years old primary school boys in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and methods The carious status and the presence of fissure sealants on the FPMs were examined in 1844 schoolboys, aged 6-9 years (the first three grades), from 17 randomly selected primary schools in Riyadh city, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.Chi-square test was used to assess the significance of differences in prevalence and proportions. Results A total of 5394 FPMs were assessed in the 1844 children. Eighty-three point five percent of children were caries free. Only 0.8% of the children had at least one fissure sealant applied. At tooth level, the decayed FPMs counted for 10.6%. There was obvious underuse of fissure sealants on the FPMs; 0.5% (n = 25). The caries prevalence in the mandibular FPMs (14.4%), was significantly higher than in the maxillary FPMs, 7.7% (p < 0.01). The proportion of carious FPMs increased with age of the children significantly (p < 0.01). There was no significant difference in the proportion of the presence of fissure sealants among the three different grade/age groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion Caries prevalence in the FPMs was moderate but serious amongst this cohort of young students. This was opposed with very low use of fissure sealants. Clinical significance Careful examination of the first permanent molars among children is mandatory because of their high caries susceptibility. It is important to increase public and dental professionals’ awareness of the effectiveness of fissure sealants and encouraging more placement. How to cite this article: Aldossary MS, Alamri AA, Alshiha SA, Hattan MA, Alfraih YK, Alwayli HM. Prevalence of Dental Caries and Fissure Sealants in the First Permanent Molars among Male Children in Riyadh, Kingdom Saudi Arabia. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent., 2018;11(5):365-370.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed S Aldossary
- Specialist in Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Dental Department, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Alamri
- Consultant, Department of Dental Department, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sattam A Alshiha
- Consultant, Department of Dental Department, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Hattan
- Specialist in Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Dental Department, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Yazeed K Alfraih
- General Dentist, Department of Dental Department, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hessa M Alwayli
- Consultant, Department of Dental Department, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Alamri AA, Alsadiqi AI, Dahlawi A, Alghamdi A, Alnefaie M, Alhazmi M, Tewfik O, Almaymuni A, Al-Abbadi H, Mosli M. Are patients aware of potential risks of weight reduction surgery? An internet based survey. Saudi J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:97-100. [PMID: 30479318 PMCID: PMC6457188 DOI: 10.4103/sjg.sjg_232_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Obesity has become a global health care problem. In Saudi Arabia, up to 75% of adults are reportedly overweight. Morbid obesity has been associated with an increased risk of many comorbidities and mortality. Bariatric surgery is currently considered the most effective treatment option for morbid obesity. However, there are many concerns regarding the short and long-term complications of weight reduction surgery. It is unclear whether the general population is adequately aware of these risks. Therefore, we aimed to assess awareness of the general population of bariatric surgery complications. Although effective, bariatric surgery has been associated with many acute complications, reported in a range of 0.3% to 8% of operations. PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed a cross-sectional study between July and August of 2017 in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. We used a 26-item, Arabic, electronically distributed questionnaire, to examine public awareness of the acute complications of bariatric surgery. Hypothesis testing was used to examine associations. RESULTS In total, 624 questionnaires were completed electronically. Mean age of participants was 25 (±13.2) and 66% were females. Of the surveyed population, 64% reported being aware of acute complications of bariatric surgery. Participants who had previously undergone a bariatric operation had a higher degree of awareness when compared to those who had not undergone a bariatric operation before (80.4% vs. 61.3%, P < 0.001). Females had higher awareness compared to males (70.8% vs. 52.1%, P < 0.001). Awareness of complications was not statistically different when stratified by level of education (P = 0.131) but occupation predicted awareness (P = 0.007). CONCLUSION Two-thirds of the general population appears to be aware of the potential acute complications associated with bariatric surgery. Furthermore, awareness seems to be higher in females, individuals who had previously undergone weight reduction surgery, and health care workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah A. Alamri
- Departments of Surgery and Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman I. Alsadiqi
- Departments of Surgery and Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulwahab Dahlawi
- Departments of Surgery and Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Alghamdi
- Departments of Surgery and Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed Alnefaie
- Departments of Surgery and Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alhazmi
- Departments of Surgery and Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Tewfik
- Departments of Surgery and Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel Almaymuni
- Departments of Surgery and Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatim Al-Abbadi
- Departments of Surgery and Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Mosli
- Departments of Surgery and Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,Address for correspondence: Dr. Mahmoud Mosli, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80215, Jeddah 21452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail:
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Alamri AA, Alshehri KA, Alharbi AA, Alahmari AF, Alkhatib TA, Merdad MA, Marzoukib HZ. Factors influencing the choice of otolaryngology (ORL) head and neck surgery as a future specialty for Saudi medical students. J Family Med Prim Care 2019; 8:1941-1946. [PMID: 31334159 PMCID: PMC6618177 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_414_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To find out the factors and causes that motivate medical students to choose ear, nose, and throat (ORL head and neck surgery) as a specialty in Saudi Arabian medical universities. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Kingdom of Saudi Arabia by distributing a self-administered questionnaire to 1,516 medical students across all medical universities. Chi-squared test and logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association between the participants’ choices and factors motivating their choice of specialty. Results: ORL head and neck surgery was chosen as a future specialty by 27% of the participants. Of these, 52% chose lifestyle as the most influential factor determining their choice of specialty. Further analysis of participant preferences revealed that 87.6% listed flexibility within medicine as their main reason for choosing a specialty, followed by reasonable hours of practice in 86%, while 15.9% considered a strong mentor relationship to be important. Students from King Abdulaziz University more frequently chose ORL head and neck, along with those from the eastern kingdom compared with other areas. Student preference for ORL head and neck did not vary significantly with gender, age, or duration of clinical rounds. Conclusion: Approximately 27% of students chose ORL head and neck, with lifestyle being the most influential factor, followed by flexibility within medicine. Among students who chose ORL head and neck, the highest percentage was from King Abdulaziz University.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah A Alamri
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid A Alshehri
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A Alharbi
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmajeed F Alahmari
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talal A Alkhatib
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazin A Merdad
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hani Z Marzoukib
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Alamri AA, Alnefaie MN, Saeedi AT, Hariri AF, Altaf A, Aljiffry MM. Transfusion Practices Among General Surgeons at a Tertiary Care Center: a Survey Based Study. Med Arch 2018; 72:418-424. [PMID: 30814773 PMCID: PMC6340613 DOI: 10.5455/medarh.2018.72.418-424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Blood transfusion practices affect both patient's outcomes and utilization of institutional resources. Evidence shows that liberal blood transfusion has a detrimental effect on patient's outcome. A restrictive approach of blood transfusion is recommended by current clinical guidelines. AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the attitudes, knowledge, and practices of general surgery (GS) staff and residents regarding peri-operative blood transfusion and anemia management. MATERIAL AND METHODS A self-administered, web-based questionnaire was developed, and its link was sent to the emails of all general surgeons at King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital (KAUH), Jeddah city, Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire included four parts: 1) background of surgeons; 2) preoperative assessment and management of anemia; 3) post-operative blood transfusion and alternatives; and 4) enablers and barriers. RESULTS 56 surgeons responded to the questionnaire. We found variations in blood transfusion practices, notably the hemoglobin threshold. For stable non-cardiac cases, 7 g/dL was considered the threshold by 50% of respondents. For stable patients with past cardiac disease, a higher threshold was chosen by most (9 g/dL by 43% and 10 gm/dL by 21%). Most respondents believed that transfusion had no effect on the risk of survival (73%) and on the risk of cancer recurrence (55%) after oncologic surgical resection. Recognized facilitators were the availability of scientific evidence (84%), medicolegal concerns (57%), preference (52%), and institutional protocols (50%). CONCLUSION Although current clinical guidelines recommend a restrictive transfusion practice, most respondents tended to over-order blood for elective procedures and were not aware of the potential complications of liberal blood transfusion. To implement the restrictive transfusion policies, health institutions should improve the awareness of surgeons and incorporate a strong supporting evidence in formulating local institutional guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah A Alamri
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed N Alnefaie
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asalh T Saeedi
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz F Hariri
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmalik Altaf
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Murad M Aljiffry
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Alwayli HM, Alshiha SA, Alfraih YK, Hattan MA, Alamri AA, Aldossary MS. A survey of fissure sealants and dental caries prevalence in the first permanent molars among primary school girls in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Eur J Dent 2017; 11:455-460. [PMID: 29279670 PMCID: PMC5727729 DOI: 10.4103/ejd.ejd_189_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of caries and fissure sealants on the first permanent molars (FPMs) among 6–9-year-old girls in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: The FPMs of 17,891 school girls from 120 randomly selected public primary schools were evaluated by visual and tactile examination for the carious status and the presence of fissure sealants. Chi-square test was used to analyze the data at level of 5%. Results: A total of 58,140 FPMs were assessed in the 17,891 children. Nearly 64.6% of the children were caries free. Only 1.3% of the children had at least one fissure sealant applied. At tooth level, the decayed FPMs counted for 24.6%. There was obvious underutilization of fissure sealants on the FPMs; 0.8% (n = 478). The caries prevalence in the mandibular FPMs (33%) was significantly higher than in the maxillary FPMs, 18.2% (P < 0.01). The proportion of carious FPMs increased with age of the children significantly (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in the proportion of the presence of fissure sealants among the three different grade/age groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Caries prevalence in the FPMs was high and serious among this cohort of young students. This was contrasting the very low prevalence of fissure sealants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hessa M Alwayli
- Department of Dentistry, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sattam A Alshiha
- Department of Dentistry, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yazeed K Alfraih
- Department of Dentistry, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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