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Alanazi NAH, Alamri AA, Mashlawi AM, Almuzaini N, Mohamed G, Salama SA. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Chemical Profiling of Commiphora myrrha Resin Extracts and Evaluation of Larvicidal, Antioxidant, and Cytotoxic Activities. Molecules 2024; 29:1778. [PMID: 38675598 PMCID: PMC11051918 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant extracts and essential oils can be alternative environmentally friendly agents to combat pathogenic microbes and malaria vectors. Myrrh is an aromatic oligum resin that is extracted from the stem of Commiphora spp. It is used in medicine as an insecticide, cytotoxic, and aromatic. The current study assessed the effect of Commiphora myrrha resin extracts on the biological potency of the third larval stage of Aedes aegypti, as well as its antioxidant and cytotoxic properties against two types of tumor cells (HepG-2 and Hela cell lines). It also used GC-MS to determine the chemical composition of the C. myrrha resin extracts. Fifty components from the extracted plant were tentatively identified using the GC-MS method, with curzerene (33.57%) typically listed as the primary ingredient, but other compounds also make up a significant portion of the mixture, including 1-Methoxy-3,4,5,7-tetramethylnaphthalene (15.50%), β-Elemene (5.80%), 2-Methoxyfuranodiene (5.42%), 2-Isopropyl-4,7-Dimethyl-1-Naphthol (4.71%), and germacrene B (4.35%). The resin extracts obtained from C. myrrha exhibited significant efficacy in DPPH antioxidant activity, as evidenced by an IC50 value of 26.86 mg/L and a radical scavenging activity percentage of 75.06%. The 50% methanol extract derived from C. myrrha resins exhibited heightened potential for anticancer activity. It demonstrated substantial cytotoxicity against HepG-2 and Hela cells, with IC50 values of 39.73 and 29.41 µg mL-1, respectively. Notably, the extract showed non-cytotoxic activity against WI-38 normal cells, with an IC50 value exceeding 100 µg mL-1. Moreover, the selectivity index for HepG-2 cancer cells (2.52) was lower compared to Hela cancer cells (3.40). Additionally, MeOH resin extracts were more efficient against the different growth stages of the mosquito A. aegypti, with lower LC50, LC90, and LC95 values of 251.83, 923.76, and 1293.35 mg/L, respectively. In comparison to untreated groups (1454 eggs/10 females), the average daily number of eggs deposited (424 eggs/L) decreases at higher doses (1000 mg/L). Finally, we advise continued study into the possible use of C. myrrha resins against additional pests that have medical and veterinary value, and novel chemicals from this extract should be isolated and purified for use in medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naimah Asid H. Alanazi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail 2240, Saudi Arabia; (N.A.H.A.); (N.A.)
| | - Abdullah A. Alamri
- Physical Sciences Department, College of Science, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
- Nanotechnology Research Unit, College of Science, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abadi M. Mashlawi
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nujud Almuzaini
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail 2240, Saudi Arabia; (N.A.H.A.); (N.A.)
| | - Gamal Mohamed
- Human Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 82817, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Salama A. Salama
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
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Dantagnan CA, Babajko S, Nassif A, Houari S, Jedeon K, François P, Dursun E, Attal JP, Bosco J. Analysis of Resin-Based Dental Materials' Composition Depending on Their Clinical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1022. [PMID: 38674942 PMCID: PMC11053636 DOI: 10.3390/polym16081022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to detail the monomer composition of resin-based dental materials sold in the market in 2023 and to evaluate the proportion of bisphenol A (BPA)-derivatives in relation to their applications. A search on manufacturers' websites was performed to reference resin-based dental materials currently on the European market (including the European Union (EU) and United Kingdom (UK). Their monomer composition was determined using material-safety data sheets and was completed by a search on the PubMed database. Among the 543 material compositions exploitable, 382 (70.3%) contained BPA derivatives. Among them, 56.2% contained BisGMA and 28% BisEMA, the most frequently reported. A total of 59 monomers, of which six were BPA derivatives, were found. In total, 309 materials (56.9%) contained UDMA and 292 (53.8%) TEGDMA. Less than one third of materials identified contained no BPA derivatives. These proportions vary a lot depending on their applications, with materials dedicated to the dental care of young populations containing the highest proportions of BPA-derivative monomers. The long-term effects on human health of the different monomers identified including BPA-derivative monomers is a source of concern. For children and pregnant or lactating women arises the question of whether to take a precautionary principle and avoid the use of resin-based dental materials likely to release BPA by opting for alternative materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire-Adeline Dantagnan
- Innovative Dental Materials and Interfaces Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Université Paris Cité, 1 rue Maurice Arnoux, 92120 Montrouge, France; (C.-A.D.); philo.franç (P.F.); (E.D.); (J.B.)
- Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, 47-83 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France; (A.N.); (S.H.)
| | - Sylvie Babajko
- Biomedical Research in Odontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Université Paris Cité, 1 rue Maurice Arnoux, 92120 Montrouge, France; (S.B.); (K.J.)
| | - Ali Nassif
- Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, 47-83 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France; (A.N.); (S.H.)
- Biomedical Research in Odontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Université Paris Cité, 1 rue Maurice Arnoux, 92120 Montrouge, France; (S.B.); (K.J.)
| | - Sophia Houari
- Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, 47-83 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France; (A.N.); (S.H.)
- Biomedical Research in Odontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Université Paris Cité, 1 rue Maurice Arnoux, 92120 Montrouge, France; (S.B.); (K.J.)
| | - Katia Jedeon
- Biomedical Research in Odontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Université Paris Cité, 1 rue Maurice Arnoux, 92120 Montrouge, France; (S.B.); (K.J.)
- Rothschild Hospital, 5 rue Santerre, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Philippe François
- Innovative Dental Materials and Interfaces Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Université Paris Cité, 1 rue Maurice Arnoux, 92120 Montrouge, France; (C.-A.D.); philo.franç (P.F.); (E.D.); (J.B.)
- Bretonneau Hospital, 23 rue Joseph de Maistre, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Elisabeth Dursun
- Innovative Dental Materials and Interfaces Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Université Paris Cité, 1 rue Maurice Arnoux, 92120 Montrouge, France; (C.-A.D.); philo.franç (P.F.); (E.D.); (J.B.)
- Henri Mondor Hospital, 1 rue Gustave Eiffel, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Attal
- Innovative Dental Materials and Interfaces Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Université Paris Cité, 1 rue Maurice Arnoux, 92120 Montrouge, France; (C.-A.D.); philo.franç (P.F.); (E.D.); (J.B.)
- Charles Foix Hospital, 7 Avenue de la République, 94200 Ivry sur Seine, France
| | - Julia Bosco
- Innovative Dental Materials and Interfaces Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Université Paris Cité, 1 rue Maurice Arnoux, 92120 Montrouge, France; (C.-A.D.); philo.franç (P.F.); (E.D.); (J.B.)
- Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, 47-83 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France; (A.N.); (S.H.)
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Madelou NA, Melliou E, Magiatis P. Quantitation of Lupinus spp. Quinolizidine Alkaloids by qNMR and Accelerated Debittering with a Resin-Based Protocol. Molecules 2024; 29:582. [PMID: 38338327 PMCID: PMC10856427 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Quinolizidine alkaloids (QAs) are toxic secondary metabolites of the Lupinus species, the presence of which limits the expansion of lupin beans consumption, despite their high protein content. Evaluation of the level of alkaloids in edible Lupinus species is crucial from a food safety point of view. However, quantitation of QAs is complicated by the fact that not all important alkaloids used for quantitation are commercially available. In this context, we developed a method for the simultaneous quantitation of eight major lupin alkaloids using quantitative NMR spectroscopy (qNMR). Quantitation and analysis were performed in 15 different seed extracts of 11 Lupinus spp. some of which belonged to the same species, with different geographical origins and time of harvest, as well as in all aerial parts of L. pilosus. The mature seeds of L. pilosus were found to be a uniquely rich source of multiflorine. Additionally, we developed a protocol using adsorption or ionic resins for easy, fast, and efficient debittering of the lupine seeds. The protocol was applied to L. albus, leading to a decrease of the time required for alkaloids removal as well as water consumption and to a method for QA isolation from the debittering wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Prokopios Magiatis
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece; (N.A.M.); (E.M.)
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Elrashid AH, Alsarh SA, Alotaibi DS, Albaqami MA, Algadhi SK, Alfaraj RA, Cicciù M, Minervini G. Microleakage effect of in-office bleaching on two types of nanohybrid composites with or without surface sealer. Technol Health Care 2024; 32:787-798. [PMID: 37483036 DOI: 10.3233/thc-230213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bleaching is a highly common method used nowadays to treat tooth discolouration because it is a significant cosmetic issue, particularly with anterior teeth, however bleaching itself results in microleakage. OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate the impact of in-office bleaching on class V restoration microleakage with type 1 and type 2 composite restorations. METHODS Three hundred and twenty healthy, caries-free removed human anterior teeth were used in this in-vitro study. All extracted teeth had their buccal and lingual surfaces uniformly prepped for class V cavities. The 120 removed teeth were divided into two groups, with Group 1 receiving Tetric N-Ceram nanohybrid composite restorations and Group 2 receiving 3 M Filtek Z350 XT nanohybrid composite restorations. Groups 1 and 2 were further broken into four more subgroups of four each. The restorations were sealed with a G-Coat Plus resin. The p-value was kept at 0.005 for the data analysis using the Chi-square and Fisher exact tests. RESULTS Allocating microleakage among 320 study models revealed that 141 (44.1%) study samples had no microleakage, whereas 20 (6.3%), 54 (16.9%), and 105 (32.8%) study samples had microleakage up to, between, and greater than two-thirds of cavity depth. With a statistically significant p-value of 0.001, no microleakage was discovered in 85 (53.1%) lingual surfaces with Tetric N-Ceram nanohybrid composite restoration and 56 (35%) buccal surfaces with 3M Filtek Z350 XT nanohybrid composite restoration. 19.1% of samples of N-Ceram that were sealed and not bleached had no microleakage, according to analysis of microleakage across several groups. With a p-value of 0.001, the distribution of microleakage among various clusters was statistically notable. CONCLUSION According to the findings of the study, hydrogen peroxide bleaching has an enhanced impact on micro escape during dye dispersion. Both with and without bleaching, resin coating can be utilised to minimise marginal microleakage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afra Hassan Elrashid
- Restorative Department of Dentistry, Annamuthajiah Campus, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | | | - Reham Ahmad Alfaraj
- College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marco Cicciù
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Minervini
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania, Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
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Sinnathamby ES, Banh KT, Barham WT, Hernandez TD, De Witt AJ, Wenger DM, Klapper VG, McGregor D, Paladini A, Ahmadzadeh S, Shekoohi S, Kaye AD, Varrassi G. Hyperkalemia: Pharmacotherapies and Clinical Considerations. Cureus 2024; 16:e52994. [PMID: 38406030 PMCID: PMC10894645 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.52994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyperkalemia has been defined as a condition where a serum potassium level is >5.5 mmol/l. It is associated with fatal dysrhythmias and muscular dysfunction. Certain medical conditions, such as chronic kidney disease (CKD), diabetes mellitus, and others, can lead to hyperkalemia. Many of the signs of hyperkalemia are nonspecific. A history and physical examination can be beneficial in the diagnosis of the condition. In this regard, certain characteristic electrocardiogram findings are associated with hyperkalemia along with laboratory potassium levels. In acute and potentially lethal conditions, hyperkalemia treatments include glucose and insulin, bicarbonate, calcium gluconate, beta-2 agonists, hyperventilation, and dialysis. There are several drugs, both old and new, that can additionally aid in the reduction of serum potassium levels. The present investigation evaluated some of these different drugs, including sodium polystyrene sulfonate (SPS), sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC), and patiromer. These drugs each have increased selectivity for potassium and work primarily in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Each of these medications has unique benefits and contraindications. Clinicians must be aware of these medications when managing patients with hyperkalemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan S Sinnathamby
- Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, USA
| | - Kelly T Banh
- Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, USA
| | - William T Barham
- Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, USA
| | - Tyler D Hernandez
- Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, USA
| | - Audrey J De Witt
- Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA
| | - Danielle M Wenger
- Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine - Phoenix, Phoenix, USA
| | - Vincent G Klapper
- Internal Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA
| | - David McGregor
- Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA
| | - Antonella Paladini
- Life, Health and Environmental Sciences (MESVA), University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, ITA
| | - Shahab Ahmadzadeh
- Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA
| | - Sahar Shekoohi
- Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA
| | - Alan D Kaye
- Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA
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Li HQ, Yang BC, Sura MB, Cheng YX, Wang F. Liquidambarines A - C, three new abietane diterpenoids from Liquidambar formosana Hance and their anti-inflammatory activities. Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:3006-3014. [PMID: 36342378 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2142789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Liquidambarines A - C (1-3), three new abietane-type diterpenoids, together with five known compounds (4-8) were isolated from the resin of Liquidambar formosana Hance. Their structures were elucidated by the combination of spectroscopic and computational methods. We explored their anti-inflammatory potential by analyzing the protein expression of iNOS and COX-2. Compounds 1 and 3 exhibit significant anti-inflammatory activities without cytotoxicity. These experimental studies suggest these new abietane-type diterpenoids have the potential to be candidates for inflammation-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Qin Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bao-Chen Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute for Inheritance-Based Innovation of Chinese Medicine, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Madhu Babu Sura
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute for Inheritance-Based Innovation of Chinese Medicine, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yong-Xian Cheng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute for Inheritance-Based Innovation of Chinese Medicine, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Functional Substances in Medicinal Edible Resources and Healthcare Products, School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, China
| | - Feng Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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Paradowska-Stolarz AM, Wieckiewicz M, Mikulewicz M, Malysa A, Dus-Ilnicka I, Seweryn P, Laskowska J, Figueiredo Pollamann MC, Adamska M, Wezgowiec J. Comparison of the tensile modulus of three 3D-printable materials used in dentistry. Dent Med Probl 2023; 60:505-511. [PMID: 37227002 DOI: 10.17219/dmp/166070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has brought much innovation to medicine and has been successfully adopted in many areas of dentistry. Although 3D printing techniques are being increasingly used, their advantages and disadvantages still need to be investigated, particularly with regard to the materials used in dentistry. Dental materials should be biocompatible and non-cytotoxic, and have sufficient mechanical integrity in the oral environment in which they are intended for use. OBJECTIVES The present work aimed to identify and compare the mechanical properties of three 3D-printable resins. The materials included IBT Resin, BioMed Amber Resin and Dental LT Clear Resin. The Formlabs Form 2 printer was used. MATERIAL AND METHODS A tensile strength test was performed on 10 specimens of each resin. Tensile modulus was measured on 2-millimeter-thick dumbbell-shaped specimens, 75 mm in length and 10 mm in width. The 10 specimens of each resin were mounted between the grips of a universal testing machine (Z10-X700). RESULTS The results showed that BioMed Amber specimens cracked easily, yet no deformation was observed. The amount of force used to test the tensility of the specimens was the lowest for IBT Resin, while it was the highest for Dental LT Clear Resin. CONCLUSIONS IBT Resin was the weakest material, whereas Dental Clear LT Resin was the strongest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Paradowska-Stolarz
- Division of Dentofacial Anomalies, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
| | | | - Marcin Mikulewicz
- Division of Dentofacial Anomalies, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
| | - Andrzej Malysa
- Department of Experimental Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
| | | | - Piotr Seweryn
- Department of Experimental Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
| | - Joanna Laskowska
- Division of Dentofacial Anomalies, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
| | | | - Malgorzata Adamska
- Faculty of Applied Studies, University of Lower Silesia, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Wezgowiec
- Department of Experimental Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
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Paradowska-Stolarz A, Wezgowiec J, Mikulewicz M. Comparison of Two Chosen 3D Printing Resins Designed for Orthodontic Use: An In Vitro Study. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:ma16062237. [PMID: 36984116 PMCID: PMC10053969 DOI: 10.3390/ma16062237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: In recent years, 3D printing has become a highly popular tool for manufacturing in various fields such as aviation, automobiles, plastics, and even medicine, including dentistry. Three-dimensional printing allows dentists to create high-precision models of teeth and jaw structure, and enables them to develop customized tools for patients' treatment. The range of resins used in dentistry is quite large, and this branch is developing rapidly; hence, studies comparing different resins are required. The present study aimed to compare the mechanical properties of two chosen resins used in dentistry. (2) Materials and methods: Ten specimens each of two types of 3D-printable resins (BioMed Amber and IBT, developed by Formlabs) were prepared. The samples were printed on a Formlabs Form 2 3D printer according to ISO standards. Samples for the compression test were rectangular in shape (10 ± 0.2 mm × 10 ± 0.2 mm × 4 ± 0.2 mm), while the samples used for the tensile test were dumbbell shaped (75 mm long, with 10 mm end width and 2 mm thickness). Tensile and compression tests of both materials were performed in accordance with the appropriate ISO standards. (3) Results: The BioMed Amber resin was more resistant to compression and tensile forces, thus implying that the resin could withstand higher stress during stretching, pulling, or pushing. The IBT resin was less resistant to such loads, and failure of this material occurred at lower forces than those for Biomed Amber. An ANOVA test confirmed that the observed differences were statistically significant (p < 0.001). (4) Conclusions: Based on the properties of both materials, the IBT resin could be better used as a tray for placing orthodontic brackets through an indirect bonding technique, while the BioMed Amber resin would be more useful as a surgical guide for placing dental implants and mini-implants. Further potential fields of application of the resins should be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Paradowska-Stolarz
- Division of Dentofacial Anomalies, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Wrocław Medical University, Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Joanna Wezgowiec
- Department of Experimental Dentistry, Wrocław Medical University, Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marcin Mikulewicz
- Division of Dentofacial Anomalies, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Wrocław Medical University, Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wrocław, Poland
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Abstract
There have been significant advances in adhesive dentistry in recent decades, with efforts being made to improve the mechanical and bonding properties of resin-based dental adhesive materials. Various attempts have been made to achieve versatility, introducing functional monomers and silanes into the materials' composition to enable the chemical reaction with tooth structure and restorative materials and a multimode use. The novel adhesive materials also tend to be simpler in terms of clinical use, requiring reduced number of steps, making them less technique sensitive. However, these materials must also be reliable and have a long-lasting bond with different substrates. In order to fulfill these arduous tasks, different chemical constituents and different techniques are continuously being developed and introduced into dental adhesive materials. This critical review aims to discuss the concepts behind novel monomers, bioactive molecules, and alternative techniques recently implemented in adhesive dentistry. Incorporating monomers that are more resistant to hydrolytic degradation and functional monomers that enhance the micromechanical retention and improve chemical interactions between adhesive resin materials and various substrates improved the performance of adhesive materials. The current trend is to blend bioactive molecules into adhesive materials to enhance the mechanical properties and prevent endogenous enzymatic degradation of the dental substrate, thus ensuring the longevity of resin-dentin bonds. Moreover, alternative etching materials and techniques have been developed to address the drawbacks of phosphoric acid dentin etching. Altogether, we are witnessing a dynamic era in adhesive dentistry, with advancements aiming to bring us closer to simple and reliable bonding. However, simplification and novelty should not be achieved at the expense of material properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cadenaro
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.,Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo," Trieste, Italy
| | - U Josic
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna-Alma Mater Studiorum, Bologna, Italy
| | - T Maravić
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna-Alma Mater Studiorum, Bologna, Italy
| | - C Mazzitelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna-Alma Mater Studiorum, Bologna, Italy
| | - G Marchesi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - E Mancuso
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna-Alma Mater Studiorum, Bologna, Italy
| | - L Breschi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna-Alma Mater Studiorum, Bologna, Italy
| | - A Mazzoni
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna-Alma Mater Studiorum, Bologna, Italy
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Sedan D, Vaccarini C, Demetrio P, Morante M, Montiel R, Saurí A, Andrinolo D. Cannabinoid Content in Cannabis Flowers and Homemade Cannabis-Based Products Used for Therapeutic Purposes in Argentina. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res 2023; 8:197-206. [PMID: 33998894 DOI: 10.1089/can.2020.0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: A recent law (DCTO-2020-883-APN-PTE-Law No. 27,350. Regulation) passed in Argentina put an end to the ban imposed for the last 60 years on cannabis cultivation within the country. The law permits restricted access to cannabis derivatives for medicinal, therapeutic, and palliative use by individuals and communities, allowing self- and community-based cannabis production. This is cause for concern in view of the lack of quality controls for cannabis derivatives. The several varieties of cannabis grown in Argentina have different chemical profiles and are processed in a variety of ways-mostly by alcohol extraction or maceration at different temperatures and for different amounts of times-making the cannabinoid content of these preparations highly variable. Determining the characteristics of home- and community-grown cannabis products will facilitate the implementation of public policies conducive to their safety and improvement. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the cannabinoid chemotypes used for therapeutic purposes in Argentina and evaluate whether the cannabinoids present in homemade derivatives are comparable to those in commercially available products. Materials and Methods: High performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet and diode array detector (HPLC/UV-DAD) analysis of 436 samples (oils, resins, and inflorescences) was carried out to determine the identity and concentration of five cannabinoids: tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA), tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), cannabidiol (CBD), and cannabinol (CBN). From three different sources, the samples represent the type of medical cannabis preparations to which patients have access. Results: The results indicate that the medium-to-low cannabinoid concentration in a significant number of homemade oil samples is similar to that found in commercial products. Most of the samples have a THC/CBD ratio >1 or only contain THC. Acidic cannabinoids were detected in homemade preparations, but were not reported in package inserts of commercial products. Conclusions: Our results indicate that despite their considerable variability, homemade preparations as a whole show cannabinoid levels and profiles equivalent to the commercially available products commonly used for medicinal, therapeutic, and palliative purposes in Argentina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Sedan
- Environmental Research Center, National Council for Scientific and Technical Research CIM UNLP-CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Cristian Vaccarini
- Environmental Research Center, National Council for Scientific and Technical Research CIM UNLP-CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Pablo Demetrio
- Environmental Research Center, National Council for Scientific and Technical Research CIM UNLP-CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Marcelo Morante
- Medicine School of La Plata National University UNLP, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Romina Montiel
- Palliative Care Service of the Oncology Institute Angel H. Roffo IOAR, National University of Buenos Aires, UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alvaro Saurí
- Palliative Care Service of the Oncology Institute Angel H. Roffo IOAR, National University of Buenos Aires, UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Dario Andrinolo
- Environmental Research Center, National Council for Scientific and Technical Research CIM UNLP-CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
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11
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Dendooven E, Kerre S, Goossens A, Aerts O. Allergic contact dermatitis from a medical device containing Picea abies (Norway spruce) resin: Skin sensitizers other than resin acids might be of importance. Contact Dermatitis 2023; 88:60-62. [PMID: 36068985 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ella Dendooven
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Antwerp (UZA) and Research Group Immunology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Stefan Kerre
- Department of Dermatology, Imelda Hospital, Bonheiden, Belgium
| | - An Goossens
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Olivier Aerts
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Antwerp (UZA) and Research Group Immunology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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12
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Mossand G, Lelong E, Xing C, Ndebulia Watchou F, Leydier A, Arrachart G, Pellet-Rostaing S. Bis-Catecholamide-Based Materials for Uranium Extraction. Chempluschem 2022; 88:e202200412. [PMID: 36638257 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202200412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This work reports the synthesis of formo-phenolic resins containing four catecholamide (CAM) moieties with admixture of phenol, catechol or resorcinol. These chelating resins have been developed to selectively extract U(VI) from seawater. This media is a challenging environment due to a pH around 8.2 and a large excess of alkaline and earth-alkaline cations. From the various sorption experiments investigated, the results indicate that the synthesized material exhibit good sorbent properties for U(VI) with uptake capacity about 50 mg/g for the more promising resins with a pronounced selectivity for uranium even under saline conditions. Thermodynamic and kinetic adsorption data were determined for the best resin (Langmuir adsorption model and pseudo-second order model).
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Mossand
- ICSM, Univ Montpellier, CEA, CNRS, ENSCM, Marcoule, 30207, Bagnols sur Cèze Cedex, France
| | - Evan Lelong
- ICSM, Univ Montpellier, CEA, CNRS, ENSCM, Marcoule, 30207, Bagnols sur Cèze Cedex, France
| | - Chen Xing
- ICSM, Univ Montpellier, CEA, CNRS, ENSCM, Marcoule, 30207, Bagnols sur Cèze Cedex, France
| | | | - Antoine Leydier
- ICSM, Univ Montpellier, CEA, CNRS, ENSCM, Marcoule, 30207, Bagnols sur Cèze Cedex, France
| | - Guilhem Arrachart
- ICSM, Univ Montpellier, CEA, CNRS, ENSCM, Marcoule, 30207, Bagnols sur Cèze Cedex, France
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13
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Chaves MK, Kelly RC, Milne JE, Burke SE. Data-driven approach to mitigate quality impact of hygroscopic pharmaceutical raw materials throughout the supply chain. Pharm Dev Technol 2022; 27:511-524. [PMID: 35702831 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2022.2084105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The challenges of working with hygroscopic pharmaceutical raw materials can have a significant impact on the industry's ability to make high-quality medicines. In order to mitigate the impact to the manufacturing process or product quality it is critical to understand the hygroscopicity of the raw materials across the entire supply chain so that the proper management strategies can be implemented, from the raw material manufacturing to the use of the raw material in the drug manufacturing process. Employing suitable controls protects these materials from physical and chemical changes due to moisture uptake such as caking or hydrolysis. We have developed a fit for purpose and data-driven approach to hygroscopicity classifications of over 200 commonly used chemicals, excipients, media and resins in drug manufacturing processes. Dynamic vapor sorption data is presented with supporting thermal gravimetric analysis and X-ray powder diffraction data where pertinent. Approximately 60% of all raw materials tested were determined to be hygroscopic. Strategies for applying this data to reduce the potential impact of hygroscopic materials on the manufacturing of pharmaceuticals are discussed with examples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ron C Kelly
- Amgen, Inc. One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
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14
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Behnke R, Stahl F, Duske K, Warkentin M, Schwartz M, Hinz B, Walther U. Influence of Test Specimen Geometry and Water Soaking on the In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Orthocryl ®, Orthocryl ® LC, Loctite ® EA 9483 and Polypropylene. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27123949. [PMID: 35745078 PMCID: PMC9227244 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Depending on their composition, plastics have a cytotoxic potential that needs to be evaluated before they are used in dentistry, e.g., as orthodontic removable appliances. Relevant guidelines set out requirements that a potential new resin in the medical field must meet, with a wide scope for experimental design. In the present study, test specimens of different geometries consisting of varying polymers (Orthocryl®, Orthocryl® LC, Loctite® EA 9483, Polypropylene) were soaked for different periods of time, then transferred to cell culture medium for 24 h, which was subsequently used for 24-h cultivation of A549 cells, followed by cytotoxicity assays (WST-1, Annexin V-FITC-propidium iodide (PI) flow cytometry). In this context, a reduction in the cytotoxic effect of the eluates of test specimens prepared from Orthocryl® LC and Loctite® EA 9483 was particularly evident in the Annexin V-FITC-PI assay when the soaking time was extended to 48 h and 168 h, respectively. Consistent with this, a reduced release of potentially toxic monomers into the cell culture medium, as measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, was observed when the prior soaking time of test specimens of all geometries was extended. Remarkably, a significant increase in cytotoxic effect was observed in the WST-1 assay, which was accompanied by a higher release of monomers when the thickness of the test sample was increased from 0.5 to 1.0 mm, although an elution volume adapted to the surface area was used. However, further increasing the thickness to 3.0 mm did not lead to an increase in the observed cytotoxicity or monomer release. Test specimens made of polypropylene showed no toxicity under all test specimen sizes and soaking time conditions. Overall, it is recommended to perform toxicity studies of test specimens using different geometries and soaking times. Thereby, the influence of the different specimen thicknesses should also be considered. Finally, an extension of the test protocols proposed in ISO 10993-5:2009 should be considered, e.g., by flow cytometry or monomer analysis as well as fixed soaking times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Behnke
- Department of Orthodontics, University Dental School, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (R.B.); (F.S.); (K.D.)
| | - Franka Stahl
- Department of Orthodontics, University Dental School, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (R.B.); (F.S.); (K.D.)
| | - Kathrin Duske
- Department of Orthodontics, University Dental School, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (R.B.); (F.S.); (K.D.)
| | - Mareike Warkentin
- Department of Materials Science and Medical Engineering, University of Rostock, 18119 Rostock, Germany;
| | - Margit Schwartz
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (M.S.); (U.W.)
| | - Burkhard Hinz
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (M.S.); (U.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-381-494-5770
| | - Udo Walther
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (M.S.); (U.W.)
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15
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Georgiou R, Popelka-Filcoff RS, Sokaras D, Beltran V, Bonaduce I, Spangler J, Cohen SX, Lehmann R, Bernard S, Rueff JP, Bergmann U, Bertrand L. Disentangling the chemistry of Australian plant exudates from a unique historical collection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2116021119. [PMID: 35617429 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2116021119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Significance For millennia, Aboriginal Australian peoples have used the extraordinary physicochemical properties of plant exudates from practical applications to cultural expression. We employ state-of-the-art spectroscopy to characterize the molecular compositions of well-preserved, native Australian plant exudates (Xanthorrhoea, Callitris, Eucalyptus, and Acacia) from a historic collection assembled over a century ago. This work demonstrates the benefits of X-ray Raman spectroscopy for the analysis of these complex natural systems. It provides key information for a broader understanding of their terpenoid, aromatic, phenolic, and polysaccharide composition and subsequent chemical classification. It complements Fourier-transform infrared and pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry by allowing bulk-sensitive analysis in a fully noninvasive manner and probes molecular features which remain silent in these commonly employed analyses.
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16
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Tapia-Quirós P, Montenegro-Landívar MF, Reig M, Vecino X, Cortina JL, Saurina J, Granados M. Recovery of Polyphenols from Agri-Food By-Products: The Olive Oil and Winery Industries Cases. Foods 2022; 11:362. [PMID: 35159513 PMCID: PMC8834469 DOI: 10.3390/foods11030362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The production of olive oil and wine are two of the main agri-food economic activities in Southern Europe. They generate large amounts of solid and liquid wastes (e.g., olive pomace, olive mill wastewater, grape pomace, grape stems, wine lees, and wine processing wastewater) that represent a major environmental problem. Consequently, the management of these residues has become a big challenge for these industries, since they are harmful to the environment but rich in bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols. In recent years, the recovery of phenolic compounds has been proposed as a smart strategy for the valorization of these by-products, from a circular economy perspective. This review aims to provide a comprehensive description of the state of the art of techniques available for the analysis, extraction, and purification of polyphenols from the olive mill and winery residues. Thus, the integration and implementation of these techniques could provide a sustainable solution to the olive oil and winery sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Tapia-Quirós
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (P.T.-Q.); (M.F.M.-L.); (J.S.)
- Chemical Engineering Department, Escola d’Enginyeria de Barcelona Est (EEBE), Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)-BarcelonaTECH, C/Eduard Maristany 10-14, 08930 Barcelona, Spain; (M.R.); (J.L.C.)
- Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Chemical Engineering Department, Escola d’Enginyeria de Barcelona Est (EEBE), Campus Diagonal-Besòs, 08930 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Fernanda Montenegro-Landívar
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (P.T.-Q.); (M.F.M.-L.); (J.S.)
- Chemical Engineering Department, Escola d’Enginyeria de Barcelona Est (EEBE), Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)-BarcelonaTECH, C/Eduard Maristany 10-14, 08930 Barcelona, Spain; (M.R.); (J.L.C.)
- Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Chemical Engineering Department, Escola d’Enginyeria de Barcelona Est (EEBE), Campus Diagonal-Besòs, 08930 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mònica Reig
- Chemical Engineering Department, Escola d’Enginyeria de Barcelona Est (EEBE), Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)-BarcelonaTECH, C/Eduard Maristany 10-14, 08930 Barcelona, Spain; (M.R.); (J.L.C.)
- Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Chemical Engineering Department, Escola d’Enginyeria de Barcelona Est (EEBE), Campus Diagonal-Besòs, 08930 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xanel Vecino
- Chemical Engineering Department, Escola d’Enginyeria de Barcelona Est (EEBE), Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)-BarcelonaTECH, C/Eduard Maristany 10-14, 08930 Barcelona, Spain; (M.R.); (J.L.C.)
- Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Chemical Engineering Department, Escola d’Enginyeria de Barcelona Est (EEBE), Campus Diagonal-Besòs, 08930 Barcelona, Spain
- Chemical Engineering Department, Research Center in Technologies, Energy and Industrial Processes—CINTECX, Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - José Luis Cortina
- Chemical Engineering Department, Escola d’Enginyeria de Barcelona Est (EEBE), Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)-BarcelonaTECH, C/Eduard Maristany 10-14, 08930 Barcelona, Spain; (M.R.); (J.L.C.)
- Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Chemical Engineering Department, Escola d’Enginyeria de Barcelona Est (EEBE), Campus Diagonal-Besòs, 08930 Barcelona, Spain
- Water Technology Center—CETAQUA, Carretera d’Esplugues, 75, 08940 Cornellà de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Javier Saurina
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (P.T.-Q.); (M.F.M.-L.); (J.S.)
| | - Mercè Granados
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (P.T.-Q.); (M.F.M.-L.); (J.S.)
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17
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Liu Y, Lu Q, Wang J, Zhao X. A Flexible Sandwich Structure Carbon Fiber Cloth with Resin Coating Composite Improves Electromagnetic Wave Absorption Performance at Low Frequency. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:233. [PMID: 35054640 PMCID: PMC8777710 DOI: 10.3390/polym14020233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to improve the electromagnetic wave absorbing performance of carbon fiber cloth at low frequency and reduce the secondary pollution caused by the shielding mechanism, a flexible sandwich composite was designed by a physical mixing coating process. This was composed of a graphene layer that absorbed waves, a carbon fiber cloth layer that reflected waves, and a graphite layer that absorbed transmitted waves. The influence of the content of graphene was studied by a control variable method on the electromatic and mechanical properties. The structures of defect polarization relaxation and dipole polarization relaxation of graphene, the interfacial polarization and electron polarization of graphite, the conductive network formed in the carbon fiber cloth, and the interfacial polarization of each part, combined together to improve the impedance matching and wave multiple reflections of the material. The study found that the sample with 40% graphene had the most outstanding absorbing performance. The minimum reflection loss value was -18.62 dB, while the frequency was 2.15 GHz and the minimum reflection loss value compared to the sample with no graphene increased 76%. The composites can be mainly applied in the field of flexible electromagnetic protection, such as the preparation of stealth tent, protective covers of electronic boxes, helmet materials for high-speed train drivers, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjun Liu
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; (Y.L.); (Q.L.); (J.W.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Composites, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
- Tianjin Municipal Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber and Energy Storage, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Qianqian Lu
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; (Y.L.); (Q.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; (Y.L.); (Q.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Xiaoming Zhao
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; (Y.L.); (Q.L.); (J.W.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Composites, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
- Tianjin Municipal Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber and Energy Storage, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
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18
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Pošković E, Franchini F, Ferraris L, Fracchia E, Bidulska J, Carosio F, Bidulsky R, Actis Grande M. Recent Advances in Multi-Functional Coatings for Soft Magnetic Composites. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:ma14226844. [PMID: 34832247 PMCID: PMC8623683 DOI: 10.3390/ma14226844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
During the past 50 years, the aim to reduce the eddy current losses in magnetic cores to a minimum led to the formulation of new materials starting from electrically insulated iron powders, today called Soft Magnetic Composites (SMC). Nowadays, this promising branch of materials is still held back by the mandatory tradeoff between energetic, electrical, magnetic, and mechanical performances. In most cases, the research activity focuses on the deposition of an insulating/binding layer, being one of the critical points in optimizing the final composite. This insulation usually is achieved by either inorganic or organic layer constituents. The main difference is the temperature limit since most inorganic materials typically withstand higher treatment temperatures. As a result, the literature shows many materials and process approaches, each one designed to meet a specific application. The present work summarizes the recent advances in state of the art, analyzing the relationship among material compositions and magnetic and mechanical properties. Each coating shows its own processing sets, which vary from simple mechanical mixing to advanced chemical methods to metallurgical treatments. From state of the art, Aluminum coatings are characterized by higher current losses and low mechanical properties. In contrast, higher mechanical properties are obtained by adopting Silicon coatings. The phosphates coatings show the best-balanced overall properties. Each coating type was thoroughly investigated and then compared with the literature background highlighting. The present paper thus represents a critical overview of the topic that could serve as a starting point for the design and development of new and high-performing coating solutions for SMCs. However, global research activity continuously refines the recipes, introducing new layer materials. The following steps and advances will determine whetherthese materials breakthrough in the market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emir Pošković
- Department of Energy (DENERG), Politecnico di Torino, Viale T. Michel 5, 15121 Alessandria, Italy; (F.F.); (L.F.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Fausto Franchini
- Department of Energy (DENERG), Politecnico di Torino, Viale T. Michel 5, 15121 Alessandria, Italy; (F.F.); (L.F.)
| | - Luca Ferraris
- Department of Energy (DENERG), Politecnico di Torino, Viale T. Michel 5, 15121 Alessandria, Italy; (F.F.); (L.F.)
| | - Elisa Fracchia
- Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Viale T. Michel 5, 15121 Alessandria, Italy; (E.F.); (F.C.); (M.A.G.)
- Consorzio INSTM, Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Jana Bidulska
- EPMA PM R&D Centre, Faculty of Materials, Metallurgy and Recycling, Technical University of Kosice, Park Komenskeho 10, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia;
| | - Federico Carosio
- Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Viale T. Michel 5, 15121 Alessandria, Italy; (E.F.); (F.C.); (M.A.G.)
| | - Robert Bidulsky
- Asian Innovation Hub, Budulov 174, 045 01 Moldava nad Bodvou, Slovakia;
| | - Marco Actis Grande
- Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Viale T. Michel 5, 15121 Alessandria, Italy; (E.F.); (F.C.); (M.A.G.)
- Consorzio INSTM, Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Florence, Italy
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19
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Wade JD, Jones JH. The life and work of Robert (Bob) C. Sheppard. J Pept Sci 2021; 28:e3369. [PMID: 34611959 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The life and work of Robert Charles Sheppard (1932-2019), Bob Sheppard informally among friends, is outlined. He was a leading pioneer of solid phase peptide synthesis and made the most significant and fundamental European contribution to the art of peptide synthesis since Emil Fischer.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Wade
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Peptide and Protein Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - John H Jones
- Balliol College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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20
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Filipowiak K, Dudzińska P, Wieszczycka K, Buchwald T, Nowicki M, Lewandowska A, Marcinkowska A. Novel Polymer Sorbents with Imprinted Task-Specific Ionic Liquids for Metal Removal. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:ma14175008. [PMID: 34501098 PMCID: PMC8434268 DOI: 10.3390/ma14175008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, the potential of novel polymer sorbents with the imprinted IL-functional group for the removal of Cu(II), Cd(II), and Zn(II) from aqueous solutions was investigated by batch mode. The sorbents were fabricated by direct reaction of the prepared polymer matrix (poly(vinylbenzyl chloride-divinylbenzene), VBC, and poly(vinylbenzyl bromide-divinylbenzene), VBBr) with 1-(3- or 4-pyridyl)undecan-1-one and oxime of 1-(3- or 4-pyridyl)undecan-1-one. The Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman Spectroscopy (Raman), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TG), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) techniques were used to show functionality and stability of the sorbents. The materials were also characterized by contact-angle goniometry, X-rayphotoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Zeta potential analysis. The removal of Cd(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) was monitored and optimized under the influence of several operational controlling conditions and factors such as pH, shaking time, temperature, initial metal ions concentration, and counter-ions at the functional group. The results obtained confirmed the very high potential of the sorbents; however, the properties depend on the structure of the functional group. The tested sorbents showed fast kinetics, significant capacity at 25 °C (84 mg/g for the Zn(II) sorption with VBC-Ox4.10, 63 mg/g for the Cd(II) sorption with VBBr-Ox3.10, and 69 mg/g for the Cu(II) sorption with VBC-K3.10), and temperature dependence (even 100% increase in capacity values at 45 °C). The selected sorbent can be regenerated without a significant decrease in the metal removal efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Filipowiak
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland; (K.F.); (P.D.); (A.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Patrycja Dudzińska
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland; (K.F.); (P.D.); (A.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Karolina Wieszczycka
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland; (K.F.); (P.D.); (A.L.); (A.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-61-665-36-88
| | - Tomasz Buchwald
- Institute of Materials Research and Quantum Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Marek Nowicki
- Faculty of Materials Engineering and Technical Physics, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Aneta Lewandowska
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland; (K.F.); (P.D.); (A.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Agnieszka Marcinkowska
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland; (K.F.); (P.D.); (A.L.); (A.M.)
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21
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Marrufo-Curtido A, de-la-Fuente-Blanco A, Sáenz-Navajas MP, Ferreira V, Bueno M, Escudero A. Sensory Relevance of Strecker Aldehydes in Wines. Preliminary Studies of Its Removal with Different Type of Resins. Foods 2021; 10:foods10081711. [PMID: 34441492 PMCID: PMC8391308 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The orthonasal quality of two synthetic contexts of wine (young wine and oaked wine) spiked with six different levels of the Strecker aldehydes (isobutyraldehyde, 2-methylbutanal, 3-methylbutanal, methional and phenylacetaldehyde) was evaluated by a panel of wine experts. The aldehyde levels simulated the concentrations present in wines protected from oxidation during production and storage and after severe oxidation. Significant quality detriments were observed at concentrations of 13 µg/L of methional, 49 µg/L of phenylacetaldehyde, 17 µg/L of isobutyraldehyde, 12 µg/L of 2-methylbutanal and 24 µg/L of 3-methylbutanal. The presence of these levels of aldehyde concentrations induced the reduction of fruitiness in young wines and of woody notes in oaked wines as well as the appearance of the typical attributes that define wine oxidation. More than 75% of recently opened commercial wines contain total levels of Strecker aldehydes higher than those, however their effect is not always noticeable as they are forming inodorous adducts with SO2. Nevertheless, this content is a potential risk for the shelf life of the wine, as once SO2 is depleted, these aldehydes could release back into their odour-active forms. Thus, in order to reduce the presence of Strecker aldehydes, eight different resins were studied (two scavengers, four mixed-mode anion exchange and two pure anion exchange) in white wine at two levels of SO2. After 24-h contact, the mixed mode Strata X-A resin was able to significantly reduce aldehydes’ percentages: between 11% for isobutyraldehyde and 86% for phenylacetaldehyde. On the other hand, wine colour was affected and therefore the applicability of the treatment should be further studied. However, this work can be considered a starting point to solve the technological challenge involved in the elimination of aldehydes from wine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almudena Marrufo-Curtido
- Laboratorio de Análisis del Aroma y Enología (LAAE), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Universidad de Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2) (UNIZAR-CITA), Associate Unit to Instituto de las Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (ICVV) (UR-CSIC-GR), c/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.M.-C.); (A.d.-l.-F.-B.); (V.F.); (M.B.)
| | - Arancha de-la-Fuente-Blanco
- Laboratorio de Análisis del Aroma y Enología (LAAE), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Universidad de Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2) (UNIZAR-CITA), Associate Unit to Instituto de las Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (ICVV) (UR-CSIC-GR), c/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.M.-C.); (A.d.-l.-F.-B.); (V.F.); (M.B.)
| | - María-Pilar Sáenz-Navajas
- Department of Enology, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC-GR-UR), Finca La Grajera, Ctra. de Burgos Km. 6 (LO-20—Salida 13), 26007 Logroño, La Rioja, Spain;
| | - Vicente Ferreira
- Laboratorio de Análisis del Aroma y Enología (LAAE), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Universidad de Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2) (UNIZAR-CITA), Associate Unit to Instituto de las Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (ICVV) (UR-CSIC-GR), c/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.M.-C.); (A.d.-l.-F.-B.); (V.F.); (M.B.)
| | - Mónica Bueno
- Laboratorio de Análisis del Aroma y Enología (LAAE), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Universidad de Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2) (UNIZAR-CITA), Associate Unit to Instituto de las Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (ICVV) (UR-CSIC-GR), c/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.M.-C.); (A.d.-l.-F.-B.); (V.F.); (M.B.)
| | - Ana Escudero
- Laboratorio de Análisis del Aroma y Enología (LAAE), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Universidad de Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2) (UNIZAR-CITA), Associate Unit to Instituto de las Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (ICVV) (UR-CSIC-GR), c/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.M.-C.); (A.d.-l.-F.-B.); (V.F.); (M.B.)
- Correspondence:
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22
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Wiśniewski P. Polymer Binders of Ceramic Nanoparticles for Precision Casting of Nickel-Based Superalloys. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:nano11071714. [PMID: 34209735 PMCID: PMC8308181 DOI: 10.3390/nano11071714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study presents the general characteristics of binders used in precision casting of Nickel-based superalloys. Three groups of binders were described: resins, organic compounds, and materials containing nanoparticles in alcohol or aqueous systems. This study also includes literature reports on materials commonly used and those recently replaced by water-soluble binders, i.e., ethyl silicate (ES) and hydrolysed ethyl silicate (HES). The appearance of new and interesting solutions containing nano-alumina is described, as well as other solutions at the initial stage of scientific research, such as those containing biopolymers, biodegradable polycaprolactone (PCL), or modified starch. Special attention is paid to four binders containing nano-SiO2 intended for the first layers (Ludox AM, Ludox SK) and structural layers (EHT, Remasol) of shell moulds. Their morphology, viscosity, density, reactions, and electrokinetic potential were investigated. The binders were characterized by a high solid-phase content (>28%), viscosity, and density close to that of water (1-2 mPa·s) and good electrokinetic stability. The nanoparticles contained in the binders were approximately spherically shaped with an average particle size of 16-25 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Wiśniewski
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Wołoska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
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23
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Pérez-Mondragón AA, Cuevas-Suárez CE, García-Serrano J, Trejo-Carbajal N, Lobo-Guerrero A, Herrera-González AM. Adhesive Resins with High Shelf-Life Stability Based on Tetra Unsaturated Monomers with Tertiary Amines Moieties. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13121944. [PMID: 34208102 PMCID: PMC8230799 DOI: 10.3390/polym13121944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This work reports the use of two monomers with two tertiary amines and four methacrylic (TTME) or acrylic (TTAC) terminal groups as co-initiators in the formulation of experimental resin adhesive systems. Both monomers were characterized by FT-IR and 1H NMR spectroscopies. The control adhesive was formulated with BisGMA, TEGDMA, HEMA, and the binary system CQ-EDAB as a photo-initiator system. For the experimental adhesives, the EDAB was completely replaced for the TTME or the TTAC monomers. The adhesives formulated with TTME or TTAC monomers achieved double bond conversion values close to 75%. Regarding the polymerization rate, materials formulated with TTME or TTAC achieved lower values than the material formulated with EDAB, giving them high shelf-life stability. The degree of conversion after shelf simulation was only reduced for the EDAB material. Ultimate tensile strength, translucency parameter, and micro-tensile bond strength to dentin were similar for control and experimental adhesive resins. Due to their characteristics, TTME and TTAC monomers are potentially useful in the formulation of photopolymerizable resins for dental use with high shelf-life stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma Antonia Pérez-Mondragón
- Doctorado en Ciencias de los Materiales, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Pachuca-Tulancingo Km. 4.5, Carboneras, Mineral de la Reforma 42184, Hgo., Mexico;
- Laboratorio de Polímeros, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Pachuca-Tulancingo Km. 4.5, Carboneras, Mineral de la Reforma 42184, Hgo., Mexico; (J.G.-S.); (N.T.-C.); (A.L.-G.)
| | - Carlos Enrique Cuevas-Suárez
- Laboratorio de Biomateriales Dentales, Área Académica de Odontología, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Circuito Ex Hacienda La Concepción S/N, San Agustín Tlaxiaca 42160, Hgo., Mexico
- Correspondence: (C.E.C.-S.); (A.M.H.-G.); Tel.: +52-771-717-2000 (C.E.C.-S.); +52-771-717-2000 (ext. 2281) (A.M.H.-G.)
| | - Jesús García-Serrano
- Laboratorio de Polímeros, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Pachuca-Tulancingo Km. 4.5, Carboneras, Mineral de la Reforma 42184, Hgo., Mexico; (J.G.-S.); (N.T.-C.); (A.L.-G.)
| | - Nayely Trejo-Carbajal
- Laboratorio de Polímeros, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Pachuca-Tulancingo Km. 4.5, Carboneras, Mineral de la Reforma 42184, Hgo., Mexico; (J.G.-S.); (N.T.-C.); (A.L.-G.)
| | - A. Lobo-Guerrero
- Laboratorio de Polímeros, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Pachuca-Tulancingo Km. 4.5, Carboneras, Mineral de la Reforma 42184, Hgo., Mexico; (J.G.-S.); (N.T.-C.); (A.L.-G.)
| | - Ana M. Herrera-González
- Laboratorio de Polímeros, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Pachuca-Tulancingo Km. 4.5, Carboneras, Mineral de la Reforma 42184, Hgo., Mexico; (J.G.-S.); (N.T.-C.); (A.L.-G.)
- Correspondence: (C.E.C.-S.); (A.M.H.-G.); Tel.: +52-771-717-2000 (C.E.C.-S.); +52-771-717-2000 (ext. 2281) (A.M.H.-G.)
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24
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Pérez-López KJ, Tiesler V, Quintana P, Hernández-Nuñez E, Hernández-Bolio GI. An Insight to the Composition of Pre-Hispanic Mayan Funerary Pigments by 1H-NMR Analysis. Molecules 2021; 26:2972. [PMID: 34067744 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26102972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The funerary rites of particular members of the pre-Hispanic Mayan society included the pigmentation of the corpse with a red color. In order to understand this ritual, it is first necessary to identify the constituents of the pigment mixture and then, based on its properties, analyze the possible form and moment of application. In the present approach, 1H-NMR analysis was carried to detect organic components in the funerary pigments of Xcambó, a small Maya settlement in the Yucatan Peninsula. The comparison of the spectra belonging to the pigment found in the bone remains of seven individuals, and those from natural materials, led to the identification of beeswax and an abietane resin as constituents of the pigment, thus conferring it agglutinant and aromatic properties, respectively. The 1H-NMR analysis also allowed to rule out the presence of copal, a resin found in the pigment cover from paramount chiefs from the Mayan society. Additionally, a protocol for the extraction of the organic fraction from the bone segment without visible signs of analysis was developed, thus broadening the techniques available to investigate these valuable samples.
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25
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Myers KK, Herich JP, Chavez JE, Berkey KG, Loi AJ, Cleveland PH. A Novel Method to Gently Mix and Uniformly Suspend Particulates for Automated Assays. SLAS Technol 2021; 26:498-509. [PMID: 33955786 DOI: 10.1177/24726303211008864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The SpinVessel system provides a methodology using pulsed radial flow to gently mix and uniformly suspend particulates (cells, magnetic beads, silica beads, and microcarrier beads) for automated assays. SpinVessels are well suited for aliquoting on robotic liquid handlers and with robotic reagent dispensers, as well as manually. The SpinVessel system combines two critical features: (1) special internal side fins and projections in the bottom of the vessels and (2) an instrument that quickly spins the vessels and repeatedly reverses the spin direction. This rapid reversing motion sends multiple pulses of fluid up the side walls of the SpinVessel, creating a circular radial flow pattern. We tested five different particulates and six different SpinVessels with volume capacities varying from 50 mL to 1200 mL. SpinVessels are compatible with either single-, 8-, 12-, 96-, or 384-channel pipettors or with siphon tubing on robotic reagent dispensers. Experiments have demonstrated high viability of cells and undamaged morphology of microcarrier beads even after hours of constant agitation. The uniformity of aliquots collected at various vertical depths and horizontally across the SpinVessels demonstrated that cells, magnetic beads, and silica beads were uniformly suspended throughout the height and breadth of the SpinVessels, and uniformity of samples was consistent from the beginning to the end of the aliquoting procedure. Only 5 min of mixing is required to resuspend settled particulates. This novel mixing methodology has many applications in laboratory automation where particulate aliquot uniformity and/or particulate integrity are important to automating assays.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John P Herich
- Novo Nordisk Research Center Seattle, Obesity Research Unit, Seattle, WA, USA
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26
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Jakovljević Kovač M, Pavić V, Huđ A, Cindrić I, Molnar M. Determination of Suitable Macroporous Resins and Desorbents for Carnosol and Carnosic Acid from Deep Eutectic Solvent Sage ( Salvia officinalis) Extract with Assessment of Antiradical and Antibacterial Activity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:556. [PMID: 33918515 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, for the first time, the adsorption/desorption characteristics of carnosic acid and carnosol from deep eutectic solvent extract of Salvia officinalis on five macroporous resins (HP20, XAD7HP, XAD16N, HP21, HP2MG) were evaluated. The high adsorption and medium desorption capacities of carnosic acid and carnosol as well as antibacterial and antiradical activity from the extract obtained with choline chloride:lactic acid (1:2) on XAD7HP resin indicated that resin was appropriate. To get the optimal separation process, the influence of factors such as adsorption/desorption time and volume of desorbent was further investigated. The results showed that the extract with high antiradical and antibacterial activity was obtained via adsorption and desorption on XAD7HP resin. The extraction efficiencies of the deep eutectic solvents (DESs) recycled once, twice, and thrice were 97.64% (±0.03%), 93.10% (±0.66%), and 88.94% (±1.15%), respectively, for carnosic acid, and 96.63% (±0.04%), 94.38% (±0.27%), and 91.19% (±0.36%), respectively, for carnosol, relative to the initial solvent efficiency. Based on that, this method is a promising basis for the large-scale preparation of extracts from Salvia officinalis with further application in the pharmaceutical or food industry, especially for maintaining the “green” character of the whole process to obtain the appropriate extract.
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27
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Rozalén J, García-Martínez MM, Carrión ME, Zalacain A, López-Córcoles H, Carmona M. Effect of Seasonal Decrease in Temperature on the Content and Composition of Guayulins in Stems of Guayule ( Parthenium argentatum, Gray). Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:537. [PMID: 33809180 DOI: 10.3390/plants10030537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The guayulins are a family of sesquiterpene compounds that consist of an isoprenoid nucleus substituted either by trans-cinnamic or p-anisic acid, and are present only in the resinous fraction of the rubber plant guayule (Parthenium argentatum, Gray). While the natural role of the guayulins remains enigmatic, they may serve as a defense function against other plants or herbivores by virtue of the accumulation of cinnamic acid. Prior research has suggested seasonal variation in guayulin content, which has been shown to decrease as winter arrives in two different varieties. In the present study, the effect of guayulins has been evaluated in 13 different accessions cultivated under the same conditions during autumn. A general reduction in guayulin content was found in the stems from all varieties between the September and November harvest, which was accompanied by an increase in the resin content. With respect to individual guayulins, while guayulin A was the most prominent member during most of the year, guayulin C had more prominence when temperature started to decrease. In this seasonal period, the production of each member of the guayulin family in the leaves was very balanced.
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28
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Mantelli A, Romani A, Suriano R, Diani M, Colledani M, Sarlin E, Turri S, Levi M. UV-Assisted 3D Printing of Polymer Composites from Thermally and Mechanically Recycled Carbon Fibers. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13050726. [PMID: 33673468 PMCID: PMC7956419 DOI: 10.3390/polym13050726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the growing global interest in 3D printed carbon fiber reinforced polymers, most of the applications are still limited to high-performance sectors due to the low effectiveness-cost ratio of virgin carbon fibers. However, the use of recycled carbon fibers in 3D printing is almost unexplored, especially for thermoset-based composites. This paper aims to demonstrate the feasibility of recycled carbon fibers 3D printing via UV-assisted direct ink writing. Pyrolyzed recycled carbon fibers with a sizing treatment were firstly shredded to be used as a reinforcement of a thermally and photo-curable acrylic resin. UV-differential scanning calorimetry analyses were then performed to define the material crosslinking of the 3D printable ink. Because of the poor UV reactivity of the resin loaded with carbon fibers, a rheology modifier was added to guarantee shape retention after 3D printing. Thanks to a customized 3D printer based on a commercial apparatus, a batch of specimens was successfully 3D printed. According to the tensile tests and Scanning Electron Microscopy analysis, the material shows good mechanical properties and the absence of layer marks related to the 3D printing. These results will, therefore, pave the way for the use of 3D printed recycled carbon fiber reinforced polymers in new fields of application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Mantelli
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy; (A.M.); (A.R.); (S.T.); (M.L.)
| | - Alessia Romani
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy; (A.M.); (A.R.); (S.T.); (M.L.)
| | - Raffaella Suriano
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy; (A.M.); (A.R.); (S.T.); (M.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-2399-3249
| | - Marco Diani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 1, 20156 Milano, Italy; (M.D.); (M.C.)
| | - Marcello Colledani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 1, 20156 Milano, Italy; (M.D.); (M.C.)
| | - Essi Sarlin
- Unit of Materials Science and Environmental Engineering, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 6, 33720 Tampere, Finland;
| | - Stefano Turri
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy; (A.M.); (A.R.); (S.T.); (M.L.)
| | - Marinella Levi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy; (A.M.); (A.R.); (S.T.); (M.L.)
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29
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Mezzatesta E, Perraud A, Vieillescazes C, Mathe C. Analysis of balms taken from Egyptian human mummies using solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2020; 44:850-859. [PMID: 33283962 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to establish a protocol by solid-phase extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry leading to a wide and fine qualitative chemical characterization of the several natural substances present in human mummies' balms, using a minimal quantity of samples. In this study, nine samples were analyzed from mummies dating back from the Third Intermediate Period to the Roman Period, and were provided by the Confluences Museum (Lyon, France). Using solid-phase extraction, three fractions were examined in this protocol. The first one, eluted with hexane, concerned chemical families of hydrocarbons of bitumen. The second, eluted with ethanol, enabled terpenic compounds to be characterized and beeswax. The last one, composed of diethyl ether with 2% acetic acid, extracted carboxylic acids with a long aliphatic chain (fatty matter) and glycerides. This study also allowed the characterization of non-saponified compounds from beeswax to be obtained while excluding the common saponification step. The analyzed mummification balms were shown to contain fatty matter, beeswax, bitumen, and diterpenic resinous material. This one-pot solid-phase extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method was efficient in reducing both the number of analytical steps and the complexity of the archaeological balms subsequently analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Mezzatesta
- IMBE UMR7263/ IRD237, Avignon University/ CNRS/ IRD/ Aix-Marseille University, Restoration Engineering of Natural and Cultural Heritage F-84000, Avignon, France
| | - Annie Perraud
- Paul Valéry-Montpellier 3 University. UMR 5140 Archaeology of Mediterranean Societies, team Nilotic and Mediterranean Egypt, Montpellier, France
| | - Cathy Vieillescazes
- IMBE UMR7263/ IRD237, Avignon University/ CNRS/ IRD/ Aix-Marseille University, Restoration Engineering of Natural and Cultural Heritage F-84000, Avignon, France
| | - Carole Mathe
- IMBE UMR7263/ IRD237, Avignon University/ CNRS/ IRD/ Aix-Marseille University, Restoration Engineering of Natural and Cultural Heritage F-84000, Avignon, France
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30
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Voet VSD, Guit J, Loos K. Sustainable Photopolymers in 3D Printing: A Review on Biobased, Biodegradable, and Recyclable Alternatives. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 42:e2000475. [PMID: 33205556 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The global market for 3D printing materials has grown exponentially in the last decade. Today, photopolymers claim almost half of the material sales worldwide. The lack of sustainable resins, applicable in vat photopolymerization that can compete with commercial materials, however, limits the widespread adoption of this technology. The development of "green" alternatives is of great importance in order to reduce the environmental impact of additive manufacturing. This paper reviews the recent evolutions in the field of sustainable photopolymers for 3D printing. It highlights the synthesis and application of biobased resin components, such as photocurable monomers and oligomers, as well as reinforcing agents derived from natural resources. In addition, the design of biologically degradable and recyclable thermoset products in vat photopolymerization is discussed. Together, those strategies will promote the accurate and waste-free production of a new generation of 3D materials for a sustainable plastics economy in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent S D Voet
- Professorship Sustainable Polymers, NHL Stenden University of Applied Sciences, Van Schaikweg 94, Emmen, 7811 KL, The Netherlands
| | - Jarno Guit
- Professorship Sustainable Polymers, NHL Stenden University of Applied Sciences, Van Schaikweg 94, Emmen, 7811 KL, The Netherlands
| | - Katja Loos
- Macromolecular Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, AG, 9747, The Netherlands
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Wang YY, Meng X, Pu Y, J. Ragauskas A. Recent Advances in the Application of Functionalized Lignin in Value-Added Polymeric Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2277. [PMID: 33023014 PMCID: PMC7600109 DOI: 10.3390/polym12102277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The quest for converting lignin into high-value products has been continuously pursued in the past few decades. In its native form, lignin is a group of heterogeneous polymers comprised of phenylpropanoids. The major commercial lignin streams, including Kraft lignin, lignosulfonates, soda lignin and organosolv lignin, are produced from industrial processes including the paper and pulping industry and emerging lignocellulosic biorefineries. Although lignin has been viewed as a low-cost and renewable feedstock to replace petroleum-based materials, its utilization in polymeric materials has been suppressed due to the low reactivity and inherent physicochemical properties of lignin. Hence, various lignin modification strategies have been developed to overcome these problems. Herein, we review recent progress made in the utilization of functionalized lignins in commodity polymers including thermoset resins, blends/composites, grafted functionalized copolymers and carbon fiber precursors. In the synthesis of thermoset resins such as polyurethane, phenol-formaldehyde and epoxy, they are covalently incorporated into the polymer matrix, and the discussion is focused on chemical modifications improving the reactivity of technical lignins. In blends/composites, functionalization of technical lignins is based upon tuning the intermolecular forces between polymer components. In addition, grafted functional polymers have expanded the utilization of lignin-based copolymers to biomedical materials and value-added additives. Different modification approaches have also been applied to facilitate the application of lignin as carbon fiber precursors, heavy metal adsorbents and nanoparticles. These emerging fields will create new opportunities in cost-effectively integrating the lignin valorization into lignocellulosic biorefineries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Yan Wang
- Center for Renewable Carbon, Department of Forestry, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA;
| | - Xianzhi Meng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA;
| | - Yunqiao Pu
- Joint Institute for Biological Science, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA;
- The Center for Bioenergy Innovation (CBI), Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Arthur J. Ragauskas
- Center for Renewable Carbon, Department of Forestry, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA;
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA;
- Joint Institute for Biological Science, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA;
- The Center for Bioenergy Innovation (CBI), Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
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Jovanović M, Živić M, Milosavljević M. A potential application of materials based on a polymer and CAD/CAM composite resins in prosthetic dentistry. J Prosthodont Res 2020; 65:137-147. [PMID: 32981910 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpor_2019_404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A bioactive high performance polymer (BioHPP) and computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) composite resin materials are a relatively new class of dental biomaterials, that are biocompatible and have good aesthetic features. In this review paper, we will summarize literature and publication data on the characteristics of the mentioned materials, as well as their potential application in the dental prosthetics. STUDY SELECTION Available studies and literature reviews from PubMed, SCIndex, Scopus and Google Scholar corresponding to polyetheretherketone (PEEK), high-performance polymers, reinforced composite materials, composite materials, resins, glass-fiber reinforced materials, CAD/CAM materials, dental implants, removable and fixed dental were reviewed. RESULTS To avoid many disadvantages of metals and their alloys in dental practice, such as inadequate color, high density, thermal conductivity and possible allergic reactions, materials based on polymers (such as BioHPP), and CAD/CAM composite resins are being developed. These materials have significantly better aesthetics and physical-mechanical properties. They are biocompatible materials that are lightweight, resistant, durable, exhibit high bending and compression resistance. CONCLUSIONS The use of CAD/CAM composite resin materials and BioHPP in dentistry has begun recently, so the data about their potential clinical use are limited. Most of their features have been demonstrated through laboratory testing, while clinical studies are relatively scarce, so the need for further clinical trials is emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Jovanović
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac
| | - Miloš Živić
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac
| | - Marko Milosavljević
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac
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Liu J, Meng J, Du J, Liu X, Pu Q, Di D, Chen C. Preparative Separation of Flavonoids from Goji Berries by Mixed-Mode Macroporous Adsorption Resins and Effect on Aβ-Expressing and Anti-Aging Genes. Molecules 2020; 25:E3511. [PMID: 32752084 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are the main constituents of Goji berries and have good biological and pharmacological activities. The mixed-mode macroporous adsorption resins (MARs) for purification of flavonoids from Goji berries through computer-assisted calculation of the molecular size of flavonoids and the precise matching of MAR physical and chemical properties was firstly developed in the present study. Ten varieties of MARs with suitable molecular dimensions and polarities were used for investigating the adsorption/desorption behaviors of the flavonoids. Both AUKJ-1 and BWKX-1 showed higher separation efficiency than other MARs and then were mixed in different ratios to constitute a mixed-mode macroporous adsorption resin to obtain the optimal adsorption phase. Under optimal conditions, total flavonoid content of purified flavonoid (p-FLA) extract increased from 0.97% to 36.88% after one purification. The p-FLA extract from Goji berries significantly improved the expression of six genes with anti-aging effects and played an important role in aging-related Alzheimer's disease by down-regulating Aβ expression.
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Centomo P, Zecca M, Biffis A. Cross-Linked Polymers as Scaffolds for the Low-Temperature Preparation of Nanostructured Metal Oxides. Chemistry 2020; 26:9243-9260. [PMID: 32357276 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The current state of the art of the use of cross-linked organic polymers, both insoluble (resins or gels) and soluble (micro- and nanogels), as aids for the low-temperature preparation of stable metal oxide nanoparticles or nanostructured metal oxides is reviewed herein. Synthetic strategies for inorganic oxide nanomaterials of this kind can greatly benefit from the use of cross-linked polymers, which may act as scaffolds/exotemplates during inorganic nanoparticle synthesis, or as stabilizers following post-synthetic modification of the nanoparticles. Furthermore, the peculiar properties of the organic cross-linked polymers add to those of the inorganic oxide nanoparticles, producing materials with combined properties. The potential applications of such highly promising composite nanomaterials will be also briefly sketched.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Centomo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Zecca
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Biffis
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
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McKinney CM, Leroux BG, Seminario AL, Kim A, Liu Z, Samy S, Sathyanarayana S. A Prospective Cohort Study of Bisphenol A Exposure from Dental Treatment. J Dent Res 2020; 99:1262-1269. [PMID: 32579872 DOI: 10.1177/0022034520934725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Laboratory studies show that bisphenol A (BPA) leaches from bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (bisGMA)-based dental materials. We aimed to quantify the extent to which children are exposed to BPA from dental treatment with bisGMA materials, by amount of treatment and type of sedation. We hypothesized that posttreatment urinary BPA (uBPA) concentrations would be higher among patients with more surfaces treated with bisGMA-based materials and among patients receiving general anesthesia compared with pretreatment concentrations. We conducted a prospective cohort study in 211 children, 4 to 12 y old, who had no prior resin-based dental treatment. We measured uBPA concentrations twice before treatment and at 2 d and 1, 4, and 16 wk posttreatment. We abstracted treatment data (surfaces treated) from the chart. We generated descriptive statistics and compared pre- and posttreatment uBPA concentrations using generalized estimating equations. Participants were 51% female, 46% non-White, and 74% publicly insured. The median age was 6 y. The mean number of tooth surfaces exposed to BisGMA materials (composites/sealants) was 7.5 (SD 5.3). Overall, uBPA concentrations were 86% higher (95% confidence interval [CI] 42% to 143%, P < 0.001) at 2 d posttreatment compared with pretreatment concentrations. The uBPA concentrations 2 d posttreatment versus pretreatment tended to be higher (112%, 95% CI 53% to 194%) among those receiving treatment on >4 surfaces than those receiving treatment on ≤4 surfaces (50%, 95% CI -2% to 130%). Two days after treatment, uBPA was significantly higher than pretreatment concentrations in children receiving nitrous oxide but not in those receiving general anesthesia. Among all findings, uBPA concentrations returned to baseline by 4 wk. Children experience short-term increases in BPA from dental treatment. The impact of relatively high, short-term BPA exposure on child health is unknown. Given the widespread use of BisGMA-based dental materials and that chronic low-dose BPA exposure may adversely affect child health, strategies that minimize BPA exposure could potentially improve child health.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M McKinney
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.,School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - B G Leroux
- School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - A L Seminario
- School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - A Kim
- School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Z Liu
- School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - S Samy
- School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - S Sathyanarayana
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.,School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Fernandes G, Renné WG, Visser MB, Sabatini C. Esterase Inhibition and Copper Release from Copper Iodide Dental Adhesives - An In Vitro Study. J Adhes Dent 2020; 22:265-274. [PMID: 32435767 DOI: 10.3290/j.jad.a44550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate whether dental adhesives modified with polyacrylic acid copper iodide particles could inhibit esterase activity in vitro and the copper release rate from resin matrices, as well as the correlation between the two variables. MATERIALS AND METHODS Different concentrations of copper iodide (0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/ml) were incorporated into three commercially available adhesives representative of each type. Disk specimens (n = 3) were fabricated and incubated in cholesterol esterase and pseudo-cholinesterase solutions for 16 days (37°C, pH 7.0). The enzymatic activity and rate of copper release from resin matrices were evaluated at different 4, 8, 12, and 16 days with a UV/visible-light spectrophotometer. RESULTS Increased copper release and reduced enzymatic activity were observed with higher concentrations of copper iodide (p < 0.001). Greater copper release with reduced enzymatic activity was also demonstrated at the earlier time periods with this relationship reversing over time (p < 0.001). A moderate negative correlation between the variables was evident (-0.441; p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Adhesives containing copper iodide can inhibit esterase activity in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The correlation between the variables suggests that enzymatic activity may depend on the availability of copper.
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Ferrer-Gago FJ, Koh LQ. Methods and Approaches for the Solid-Phase Synthesis of Peptide Alcohols. Chempluschem 2020; 85:641-652. [PMID: 32237227 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201900749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Many methods have been developed for attaching an alcohol functionality to a solid support. However, not all of these methods are used to obtain peptide alcohols. In this Minireview, we will discuss several of the most important methods and approaches for the synthesis of peptide alcohols and the attachment of hydroxy groups to a solid support for the synthesis of cyclic peptides. Some of the methods include the use of functionalized Wang resin and the attachment of an alcohol to an enol ether resin. We also discuss the use of the chlorotrityl resin, one of the most common linkers used to obtain peptide alcohols. In addition, we outline the recently developed resins with the Rink, Ramage and Sieber handles. The majority of these methods have been used to synthesize many important drugs, such as octreotide and the antibiotic peptaibols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando J Ferrer-Gago
- p53 Laboratory, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) 8A Biomedical Grove, #06-04/05 Neuros/Immunos., Singapore, 138648, Singapore
| | - Li Quan Koh
- p53 Laboratory, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) 8A Biomedical Grove, #06-04/05 Neuros/Immunos., Singapore, 138648, Singapore
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Cyganowski P, Dzimitrowicz A. A Mini-Review on Anion Exchange and Chelating Polymers for Applications in Hydrometallurgy, Environmental Protection, and Biomedicine. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E784. [PMID: 32252240 PMCID: PMC7240740 DOI: 10.3390/polym12040784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapidly increasing demand for technologies aiming to resolve challenges of separations and environmental protection causes a sharp increase in the demand for ion exchange (IX) and chelating polymers. These unique materials can offer target-selective adsorption properties vital for the removal or recovery of harmful and precious materials, where trace concentrations thereof make other techniques insufficient. Hence, recent achievements in syntheses of IX and chelating resins designed and developed in our research group are discussed within this mini-review. The aim of the present work is to reveal that, due to the diversified and unique physiochemical characteristics of the proposed materials, they are not limited to traditional separation techniques and could be used in multifunctional areas of applications, including catalysis, heat management, and biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Cyganowski
- Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Department of Process Engineering and Technology of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Wybrzeze St. Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Dzimitrowicz
- Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Chemical Metallurgy, Wybrzeze St. Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland;
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Wang W, Zhou F, Cheng X, Su Z, Guo H. High-efficiency Ni 2+-NTA/PAA magnetic beads with specific separation on His-tagged protein. IET Nanobiotechnol 2020; 14:67-72. [PMID: 31935680 PMCID: PMC8676476 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2019.0271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To effective capture and universal enrichment of His-tagged protein, polyacrylic acid (PAA) brushes were used to encapsulate Fe3O4 nanoparticles, connect NTA, and Ni2+ to prepare magnetic beads. These materials provide many advantages, such as excellent stability, tuneable particle size, and a surface for further functionalisation with biomolecules. His-tagged green fluorescence protein (GFP) was separated efficiently, and the binding capacity of Fe3O4/MPS@PAA/NTA-Ni2+ was 93.4 mg/g. Compared with High-Affinity Ni-NTA Resin and Ni-NTA Magnetic Agarose Beads, Fe3O4/MPS@PAA/NTA-Ni2+ nanocomposites exhibited higher separation efficiency and binding capacity towards His-tagged GFP. Moreover, the selectivity and recyclability of them for the target proteins were maintained well after six cycles. This study would widen the application of PAA in constructing multifunctional nanocomposites for biomedical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengzhen Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiyao Cheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengding Su
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiling Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, People's Republic of China.
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Parisio C, Lucarini E, Micheli L, Toti A, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Antonini G, Panizzi E, Maidecchi A, Giovagnoni E, Lucci J, Ghelardini C. Researching New Therapeutic Approaches for Abdominal Visceral Pain Treatment: Preclinical Effects of an Assembled System of Molecules of Vegetal Origin. Nutrients 2019; 12:nu12010022. [PMID: 31861862 PMCID: PMC7019336 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal pain is a frequent symptom of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). Although the knowledge of these pathologies is progressing, new therapeutic strategies continue to be investigated. In the present study, the effect of a system of molecules of natural origin (a medical device according to EU Directive 93/42/EC, engineered starting from Boswellia serrata resins, Aloe vera polysaccharides and Matricaria chamomilla and Melissa officinalis polyphenols) was evaluated against the intestinal damage and visceral pain development in DNBS-induced colitis model in rats. The system (250 and 500 mg kg−1) was orally administered once daily, starting three days before the injection of 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (DNBS) and for 14 days thereafter. The viscero-motor response (VMR) to colon-rectal balloon distension (CRD) was used as measure of visceral sensitivity. The product significantly reduced the VMR of DNBS-treated animals. Its effect on pain threshold was better than dexamethasone and mesalazine, and not lower than amitriptyline and otilonium bromide. At microscopic and macroscopic level, the tested system was more effective in protecting the intestinal mucosa than dexamethasone and mesalazine, promoting the healing of tissue lesions. Therefore, we suggest that the described system of molecules of natural origin may represent a therapeutic option to manage painful bowel diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Parisio
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-Neurofarba-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (C.P.); (E.L.); (L.M.); (A.T.); (C.G.)
| | - Elena Lucarini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-Neurofarba-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (C.P.); (E.L.); (L.M.); (A.T.); (C.G.)
| | - Laura Micheli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-Neurofarba-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (C.P.); (E.L.); (L.M.); (A.T.); (C.G.)
| | - Alessandra Toti
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-Neurofarba-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (C.P.); (E.L.); (L.M.); (A.T.); (C.G.)
| | - Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-Neurofarba-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (C.P.); (E.L.); (L.M.); (A.T.); (C.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-055-275-8395
| | - Giulia Antonini
- Aboca SpA Società Agricola, Innovation & Medical Science Division, Loc. Aboca 20, 52037 Sansepolcro (AR), Italy; (G.A.); (E.P.); (A.M.); (E.G.); (J.L.)
| | - Elena Panizzi
- Aboca SpA Società Agricola, Innovation & Medical Science Division, Loc. Aboca 20, 52037 Sansepolcro (AR), Italy; (G.A.); (E.P.); (A.M.); (E.G.); (J.L.)
- Natural Bio-Medicine SpA, Loc. Aboca 20, 52037 Sansepolcro (AR), Italy
| | - Anna Maidecchi
- Aboca SpA Società Agricola, Innovation & Medical Science Division, Loc. Aboca 20, 52037 Sansepolcro (AR), Italy; (G.A.); (E.P.); (A.M.); (E.G.); (J.L.)
| | - Emiliano Giovagnoni
- Aboca SpA Società Agricola, Innovation & Medical Science Division, Loc. Aboca 20, 52037 Sansepolcro (AR), Italy; (G.A.); (E.P.); (A.M.); (E.G.); (J.L.)
| | - Jacopo Lucci
- Aboca SpA Società Agricola, Innovation & Medical Science Division, Loc. Aboca 20, 52037 Sansepolcro (AR), Italy; (G.A.); (E.P.); (A.M.); (E.G.); (J.L.)
- Natural Bio-Medicine SpA, Loc. Aboca 20, 52037 Sansepolcro (AR), Italy
| | - Carla Ghelardini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-Neurofarba-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (C.P.); (E.L.); (L.M.); (A.T.); (C.G.)
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Medina OE, Caro-Vélez C, Gallego J, Cortés FB, Lopera SH, Franco CA. Upgrading of Extra-Heavy Crude Oils by Dispersed Injection of NiO-PdO/CeO 2±δ Nanocatalyst-Based Nanofluids in the Steam. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2019; 9:E1755. [PMID: 31835515 DOI: 10.3390/nano9121755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of this study is to evaluate the injection of a dispersed nanocatalyst-based nanofluid in a steam stream for in situ upgrading and oil recovery during a steam injection process. The nanocatalyst was selected through adsorption and thermogravimetric experiments. Two nanoparticles were proposed, ceria nanoparticles (CeO2±δ), with and without functionalization with nickel, and palladium oxides (CeNi0.89Pd1.1). Each one was employed for static tests of adsorption and subsequent decomposition using a model solution composed of n-C7 asphaltenes (A) and resins II (R) separately and for different R:A ratios of 2:8, 1:1, and 8:2. Then, a displacement test consisting of three main stages was successfully developed. At the beginning, steam was injected into the porous media at a temperature of 210 °C, the pore and overburden pressure were fixed at 150 and 800 psi, respectively, and the steam quality was 70%. This was followed by CeNi0.89Pd1.1 dispersed injection in the steam stream. Finally, the treatment was allowed to soak for 12 h, and the steam flooding was carried out again until no more oil production was observed. Among the most relevant results, functionalized nanoparticles achieved higher adsorption of both fractions as well as a lower decomposition temperature. The presence of resins did not affect the amount of asphaltene adsorption over the evaluated materials. The catalytic activity suggests that the increase in resin content promotes a higher conversion in a shorter period of time. Also, for the different steps of the dynamic test, increases of 25% and 42% in oil recovery were obtained for the dispersed injection of the nanofluid in the steam stream and after a soaking time of 12 h, compared with the base curve with only steam injection, respectively. The upgraded crude oil reached an API gravity level of 15.9°, i.e., an increase in 9.0° units in comparison with the untreated extra-heavy crude oil, which represents an increase of 130%. Also, reductions of up to 71% and 85% in the asphaltene content and viscosity were observed.
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Abstract
Peptide alcohols are clinically important compounds that are underexplored in structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies in drug discovery. One reason for this underutilization is that current syntheses are laborious and time consuming. Herein, we describe the preparation and utility of Rink, Ramage, and Sieber-chloride resins, which enables the use of a general, easy and practical method for the attachment of fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc)-amino alcohols to a solid support, in the synthesis of peptide alcohols. This method is the first straightforward Fmoc/tBu synthesis of peptide alcohols starting from a pre-loaded resin. The synthesized peptide alcohols can be detached from the linkers through conventional methods. Treatment with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) (95 %) and scavengers such as triisopropylsilane and water for 2 h is sufficient to obtain a fully deprotected peptide alcohol, while treatment with 20 % hexafluoroisopropanol in dichloromethane renders a fully protected peptide alcohol that can be further modified at the C-terminus. As examples, the new resins were used in straightforward, relatively rapid syntheses of the peptide alcohols octreotide, alamethicin, and a segment of trichogin GA IV, as well as the first synthesis of stapled peptide alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando J Ferrer-Gago
- p53 Laboratory, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, #06-04/05 Neuros/Immunos, Singapore, 138648, Singapore
| | - Li Quan Koh
- p53 Laboratory, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, #06-04/05 Neuros/Immunos, Singapore, 138648, Singapore
| | - David P Lane
- p53 Laboratory, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, #06-04/05 Neuros/Immunos, Singapore, 138648, Singapore
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Ponce-Rodríguez HD, Herráez-Hernández R, Verdú-Andrés J, Campíns-Falcó P. Quantitative Analysis of Terpenic Compounds in Microsamples of Resins by Capillary Liquid Chromatography. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24224068. [PMID: 31717646 PMCID: PMC6891497 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24224068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
A method has been developed for the separation and quantification of terpenic compounds typically used as markers in the chemical characterization of resins based on capillary liquid chromatography coupled to UV detection. The sample treatment, separation and detection conditions have been optimized in order to analyze compounds of different polarities and volatilities in a single chromatographic run. The monoterpene limonene and the triterpenes lupeol, lupenone, β-amyrin, and α-amyrin have been selected as model compounds. The proposed method provides linear responses and precision (expressed as relative standard deviations) of 0.6% to 17%, within the 0.5–10.0 µg mL−1 concentration interval; the limits of detection (LODs) and quantification (LOQs) were 0.1–0.25 µg mL−1 and 0.4–0.8 µg mL−1, respectively. The method has been applied to the quantification of the target compounds in microsamples. The reliability of the proposed conditions has been tested by analyzing three resins, white copal, copal in tears, and ocote tree resin. Percentages of the triterpenes in the range 0.010% to 0.16% were measured using sample amounts of 10–15 mg, whereas the most abundant compound limonene (≥0.93%) could be determined using 1 mg portions of the resins. The proposed method can be considered complementary to existing protocols aimed at establishing the chemical fingerprint of these kinds of samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. D. Ponce-Rodríguez
- MINTOTA Research Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Valencia, Dr Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain; (H.D.P.-R.); (P.C.-F.)
- Department of Chemical Control, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, National Autonomous University of Honduras, Ciudad Universitaria, 11101 Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | - R. Herráez-Hernández
- MINTOTA Research Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Valencia, Dr Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain; (H.D.P.-R.); (P.C.-F.)
- Correspondence: (R.H.-H); (J.V.-A)
| | - J. Verdú-Andrés
- MINTOTA Research Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Valencia, Dr Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain; (H.D.P.-R.); (P.C.-F.)
- Correspondence: (R.H.-H); (J.V.-A)
| | - P. Campíns-Falcó
- MINTOTA Research Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Valencia, Dr Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain; (H.D.P.-R.); (P.C.-F.)
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Zhang CH, Huang CH, Liu WR. Structural Design of Three-Dimensional Graphene/Nano Filler (Al 2O 3, BN, or TiO 2) Resins and Their Application to Electrically Conductive Adhesives. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11101713. [PMID: 31635315 PMCID: PMC6835405 DOI: 10.3390/polym11101713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we designed a three-dimensional structure of electrically conductive adhesives (ECAs) by adding three different kinds of nano filler, including BN, TiO2, and Al2O3 particles, into a few-layered graphene (FLG)/polymer composite to avoid FLG aggregation. Three different lateral sizes of FLG (FLG3, FLG8, and FLG20) were obtained from graphite (G3, G8, and G20) by a green, facile, low-cost, and scalable jet cavitation process. The corresponding characterizations, such as Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), verified the successful preparation of graphene flakes. Based on the results of four-point probe measurements, FLG20 demonstrated the lowest sheet resistance value of ~0.021 Ω/■. The optimized ECAs’ composition was a 60% solid content of FLG20 with the addition 2 wt.% of Al2O3. The sheet resistance value was as low as 51.8 Ω/■, which was a reduction of 73% compared to that of pristine FLG/polymer. These results indicate that this method not only paves the way for the cheaper and safer production of graphene, but also holds great potential for applications in energy-related technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hsin Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Center for Circular Economy, Chung-Yuan Christian University, Chungli 32023, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Hung Huang
- Metal Industries Research and Development Centre, Kaohsiung 81160, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Ren Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Center for Circular Economy, Chung-Yuan Christian University, Chungli 32023, Taiwan.
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45
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Okeke UC, Snyder CR, Frukhtbeyn SA. Synthesis, Purification and Characterization of Polymerizable Multifunctional Quaternary Ammonium Compounds. Molecules 2019; 24:E1464. [PMID: 31013893 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24081464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Methacrylate analogs of quaternary ammonium salts functionalized with carboxylic (AMadh1 68.8% yield, AMadh2 53.2% yield) and methoxysilane (AMsil1 94.8% yield, AMsil2 36.0% yield) groups were synthesized via Menschutkin reaction. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H, 13C and 2D 1H-13C heteronuclear single quantum coherence (HSQC) NMR), mass spectrometry, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were utilized to validate structures and characterize thermal properties of the novel multifunctional quaternary ammonium salts synthesized. The potential adhesive, coupling and antimicrobial properties of these multifunctional monomers encourage their further comprehensive evaluation in conventional and experimental copolymers and composites.
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46
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Dai J, Teng N, Peng Y, Liu Y, Cao L, Zhu J, Liu X. Biobased Benzoxazine Derived from Daidzein and Furfurylamine: Microwave-Assisted Synthesis and Thermal Properties Investigation. ChemSusChem 2018; 11:3175-3183. [PMID: 30102450 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201801404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Revised: 07/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A biobased benzoxazine resin (Dz-f) demonstrating excellent thermal properties was synthesized from daidzein and furfurylamine by using a microwave heating method. The chemical structure of synthesized benzoxazine monomer was identified by FTIR and NMR (1 H and 13 C NMR) before it was cured and its thermal properties evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), TGA, and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The cured resin p(Dz-f) exhibited a glass transition temperature (Tg ) of 391 °C, a very high char yield of 68.7 %, and outstanding thermal stability; the Tg value obtained was the highest thermal stability value ever reported for polybenzoxazine with a high biobased content. Moreover, Dz-f demonstrated a satisfying processability, which was rare for the high-performance thermosetting resins. This work provided us with a new strategy for the preparation of high biocontent resins with excellent thermal properties. In addition, the combination of biobased feedstocks with a microwave-assisted heating method as well as the potential application of this approach in high-end fields might perpetuate remarkable progress towards the sustainable development of the polymeric industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyue Dai
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Na Teng
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yunyan Peng
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lijun Cao
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, P. R. China
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Liu X, Xu L, Liu Y, Zhou W. Synthesis of citric acid-modified resins and their adsorption properties towards metal ions. R Soc Open Sci 2018; 5:171667. [PMID: 30224979 PMCID: PMC6124113 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.171667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Types of resins anchored on citric acid were synthesized and identified. The citric acid-modified resins PS-CA, PS-O-CA and PS-N-CA were synthesized by anchoring citric acid on PS-Cl, PS-OH and PS-NH2, respectively. The PS-CA, PS-O-CA and PS-N-CA were used to adsorb Fe3+, Al3+, Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+ and Hg2+. The influences of pH, adsorption time and metal ion concentration on the adsorption capacities of the resins were investigated. After optimization, PS-CA was a good adsorbent to Fe3+, Cu2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ with qm values of 143.9 mg g-1, 77.4 mg g-1, 18.9 mg g-1 and 119.9 mg g-1, respectively. PS-N-CA was a good adsorbent to Al3+ and Hg2+ with qm values of 176.6 mg g-1 and 114.9 mg g-1, respectively. The adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherm experiments indicated that the pseudo-first-order rate equation was more appropriate for characterizing the kinetic data and the Langmuir model was more suitable for fitting the equilibrium data. The reusability of the citric acid-modified resins was also evaluated and these resins exhibited considerable reusability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, Xiangtan 411201, People's Republic of China
| | - Longqi Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaqing Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqi Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan, People's Republic of China
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Van den Bergh M, Van de Voorde B, De Vos D. Adsorption and Selective Recovery of Citric Acid with Poly(4-vinylpyridine). ChemSusChem 2017; 10:4864-4871. [PMID: 29064637 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201701672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Citric acid (CA) is an important organic acid that is produced on a large scale by fermentation. Current methods to recover CA from the fermentation broth require large amounts of chemicals and produce considerable amounts of waste, while not all CA can be recovered. The use of adsorbents can increase the degree of product recovery and reduce chemical consumption and waste generation. In this work, poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PVP) is evaluated as an adsorbent for CA recovery. It has a high adsorption capacity (>30 wt %) at low pH and a high selectivity for CA at moderate pH in the presence of sulfate anions, two conditions that are frequently encountered during CA recovery. PVP could be efficiently regenerated after adsorption using simple alcohols like methanol and ethanol. Considering selectivity and regeneration, PVP distinctly outperforms more common adsorbents for organic acids, including commercial strongly and weakly basic anion exchangers. The desirable adsorptive features of PVP for CA can be attributed to the low basicity of the pyridine group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Van den Bergh
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F box 2461, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ben Van de Voorde
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F box 2461, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dirk De Vos
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F box 2461, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
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Javed R, Zia M, Yücesan B, Gürel E. Abiotic stress of ZnO‐PEG, ZnO‐PVP, CuO‐PEG and CuO‐PVP nanoparticles enhance growth, sweetener compounds and antioxidant activities in shoots of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. IET Nanobiotechnol 2017; 11:898-902. [PMCID: PMC8676036 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2016.0247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles are known to play remarkable role as abiotic stress elicitors in plants. This study reports the comparative analysis of effects produced by capped [zinc oxide (ZnO)‐polyethylene glycol (PEG), ZnO‐polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), copper oxide (CuO)‐PEG, CuO‐PVP] and uncapped (ZnO and CuO) nanoparticles on the medicinal plant, Stevia rebaudiana raised in vitro for the production of commercially important sweetener compounds. In context of shoot organogenesis, ZnO‐PEG, ZnO‐PVP, CuO‐PEG, CuO‐PVP were employed to the growth medium that resulted in increased growth parameters, and larger content of steviol glycosides as compared to the shoots raised in medium containing ZnO and CuO, revealed by high‐performance liquid chromatography. In the meanwhile, non‐enzymatic antioxidant activities including total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, total antioxidant capacity, total reducing power and 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picryl hydrazyl‐free radical scavenging activity were calculated and showed comparatively greater amounts in shoots grown in medium containing capped ZnO or CuO nanoparticles. Furthermore, the ZnO and its derivatives revealed to be more reactive at 1 mg/l of concentration. Whereas, the CuO and its derivatives produced greater response on Stevia at 10 mg/l concentration of nanoparticles. This study paves the way for more such studies encompassing capped and uncapped nanoparticles and their ultimate effect on in‐vitro grown plant tissues for the production of active metabolites on industrial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Javed
- Department of BiotechnologyFaculty of Biological SciencesQuaid‐i‐Azam University (QAU)Islamabad45320Pakistan
- Department of BiologyFaculty of Art & ScienceAbant Izzet Baysal University (AIBU)Bolu14030Turkey
| | - Muhammad Zia
- Department of BiotechnologyFaculty of Biological SciencesQuaid‐i‐Azam University (QAU)Islamabad45320Pakistan
| | - Buhara Yücesan
- Department of Seed Science & TechnologyFaculty of Natural & Agricultural SciencesAbant Izzet Baysal University (AIBU)BoluTurkey
| | - Ekrem Gürel
- Department of BiologyFaculty of Art & ScienceAbant Izzet Baysal University (AIBU)Bolu14030Turkey
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50
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Santiago-Medina FJ, Pizzi A, Basso MC, Delmotte L, Celzard A. Polycondensation Resins by Flavonoid Tannins Reaction with Amines. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E37. [PMID: 30970715 DOI: 10.3390/polym9020037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Reaction of a condensed flavonoid tannin, namely mimosa tannin extract with a hexamethylene diamine, has been investigated. For that purpose, catechin was also used as a flavonoid model compound and treated in similar conditions. Solid-state cross-polarisation/magic-angle spinning (CP-MAS) carbon 13 nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR) and matrix assisted laser desorption ionisation time of flight (MALDI-ToF) mass spectroscopy studies revealed that polycondensation compounds leading to resins were obtained by the reaction of the amines with the phenolic hydroxy groups of the tannin. Simultaneously, a second reaction leading to the formation of ionic bonds between the two groups occurred. These new reactions have been shown to clearly lead to the reaction of several phenolic hydroxyl groups, and flavonoid unit oligomerisation, to form hardened resins.
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