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Xu SJ, Yu YH, Tian ZN, Wang L, Li AW, Chen QD. Three-dimensional laser micromachining system with integrated sub-100 nm resolution in-situ measurement. Opt Express 2024; 32:9958-9966. [PMID: 38571219 DOI: 10.1364/oe.515207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a three-dimensional (3D) laser micromachining system with an integrated sub-100 nm resolution in-situ measurement system was proposed. The system used the same femtosecond laser source for in-situ measurement and machining, avoiding errors between the measurement and the machining positions. It could measure the profile of surfaces with an inclination angle of less than 10°, and the measurement resolution was greater than 100 nm. Consequently, the precise and stable movement of the laser focus could be controlled, enabling highly stable 3D micromachining. The results showed that needed patterns could be machined on continuous surfaces using the proposed system. The proposed machining system is of great significance for broadening the application scenarios of laser machining.
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Liu M, Wang Q, Li AW, Sun HB. Laser Defined and Driven Bio-Inspired Soft Robots toward Complex Motion Control. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:9753-9760. [PMID: 36971009 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp05487f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
The design and actuation of soft robots are targeted at extreme motion control as well as high functionalization. In spite of robot construction optimized by bio-concepts, its motion system is...
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Affiliation(s)
- Monan Liu
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Ai-Wu Li
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Hong-Bo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instrument, Department of Precision Measurement, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Lee MH, Kang BY, Wong CC, Li AW, Naseer N, Ibrahim SA, Keimig EL, Poon E, Alam M. A systematic review of autologous adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) for the treatment of acute cutaneous wounds. Arch Dermatol Res 2021; 314:417-425. [PMID: 34047823 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-021-02242-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stromal vascular fraction (SVF), derived enzymatically or mechanically from adipose tissue, contains a heterogenous population of cells and stroma, including multipotent stem cells. The regenerative capacity of SVF may potentially be adapted for a broad range of clinical applications, including the healing of acute cutaneous wounds. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the available literature on the efficacy and safety of autologous adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) for the treatment of acute cutaneous wounds in humans. METHODS A systematic review of the literature utilizing MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials was performed to identify published clinical trials of autologous adipose-derived SVF or similar ADSC-containing derivatives for patients with acute cutaneous wounds. This was supplemented by searches for ongoing clinical trials through ClinicalTrials.gov and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform. RESULTS 872 records were initially retrieved. Application of inclusion and exclusion criteria yielded 10 relevant studies: two completed non-randomized controlled trials and eight ongoing clinical trials. Both completed studies reported a statistically significant benefit in percentage re-epithelialization and time to healing for the SVF treatment arms. Safety information for SVF was not provided. Ongoing clinical trials were assessing outcomes such as safety, patient and observer reported scar appearance, wound healing rate, and wound epithelization. CONCLUSION In the context of substantial limitations in the quantity and quality of available evidence, the existing literature suggests that SVF may be a useful treatment for acute cutaneous wounds in humans. More clinical trials with improved outcome measures and safety assessment are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 676 N Saint Clair Street, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - B Y Kang
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 676 N Saint Clair Street, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - C C Wong
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 676 N Saint Clair Street, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - A W Li
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 676 N Saint Clair Street, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - N Naseer
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 676 N Saint Clair Street, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Sarah A Ibrahim
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 676 N Saint Clair Street, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - E L Keimig
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 676 N Saint Clair Street, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - E Poon
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 676 N Saint Clair Street, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - M Alam
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 676 N Saint Clair Street, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Department of Otolaryngology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Sun XG, Wang RY, Xu JL, Li DG, Chen WX, Li JL, Wang J, Li AW. Surgical outcomes of bladder augmentation: A comparison of three different augmentation procedures. World J Clin Cases 2020; 8:3240-3248. [PMID: 32874978 PMCID: PMC7441248 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i15.3240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Augmentation cystoplasty is indispensable in many pediatric diseases, especially neurogenic bladder. Various methods and materials are used to augment the bladder, and these methods are associated with different shortcomings and complications.
AIM The present study reported the mid-term outcomes of patients undergoing various bladder augmentation procedures in a single institution, and assessed whether seromuscular cystoplasty lined with urothelium (SCLU) provided better urodynamic results than auto-augmentation (AA).
METHODS A retrospective review of 96 patients undergoing various augmentation methods between 2003 and 2018 was performed. The patients were divided into three groups according to the type of augmentation, and their outcomes were compared. All patients developed neurogenic bladder due to myelomeningocele or sacrococcygeal teratoma. The clinical data of all patients were collected.
RESULTS The mean ages at surgery in the three groups (standard cystoplasty [SC], SCLU, AA) were 10.8, 7.5, and 4.8 years, respectively, with mean follow-ups of 36, 61, and 36 mo, respectively. The mean preoperative and postoperative bladder capacities of the SC, SCLU, and AA groups were 174 ± 11.7 vs. 387 ± 13.7 (P < 0.0001), 165 ± 12.2 vs. 240 ± 14.7 (P = 0.0002), and 138 ± 16.7 vs. 181 ± 9.9 (P = 0.0360), respectively. Compared with the AA group, the SCLU procedure did not have better postoperative urodynamic parameters. Incontinence was reduced in most patients. The mean times of clean intermittent catheterization per day in the SC, SCLU, and AA groups were 5.6, 7.8, and 8.2, respectively. The main complications of the SC group were recurrent urinary tract infections (8%) and bladder calculi (6%). Re-augmentation was done in patients in the SCLU (8) and AA (3) groups.
CONCLUSION SC provided sufficient bladder capacity and improved compliance with acceptable complications. After AA and SCLU, the patients acquired limited increases in bladder capacity and compliance with a high rate of re-augmentation. Compared with AA, SCLU did not yield better postoperative urodynamic parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Gang Sun
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ruo-Yi Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jia-Long Xu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong Province, China
| | - Dian-Guo Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wei-Xiu Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jin-Liang Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ai-Wu Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
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Yang JB, Zhu DQ, Shao M, Li AW, Liu ZR, Gao RJ, Liu SY, Lou DD, Lyu Y, Fan Q. [Effects of Shengmai Jianghuang San on intestinal flora in nude mice with radio resistant cells of nasopharyngeal carcinoma]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2019; 44:553-558. [PMID: 30989922 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20181203.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Modern pharmacological studies have shown that Shengmai San has the effects of enhancing immunity and improving blood circulation, and Curcumae Longae Rhizoma(Jianghuang) has anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-oxidation and other functions. Shengmai San combined with Jianghuang is a new research direction in the study of anti-tumor of traditional Chinese medicines. The main treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma is radiation therapy, but radiation therapy can cause a variety of side effects, and it also changes the composition of the intestinal flora. In this study, the 16 s rDNA sequencing platform was used to perform macro-sequence sequencing of the intestinal flora samples of nude mice bearing the veins of Shengmai Jianghuang San, and then the results of intestinal flora data were analyzed to investigate the effect of Shengmai Jianghuang San on tumors. The results showed that Shengmai Jianghuang San combined with irradiation could enhance the therapeutic effect of tumor treatment. Radiation therapy would reduce the total number and diversity of intestinal flora in nude mice, and also change the structure of the flora. Shengmai Jianghuang San could protect the diversity of colonies, and also partially restore the colony imbalance caused by irradiation. This study provides a research idea for Shengmai Jianghuang San as a sensitizing adjuvant for radiotherapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Bin Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Southern Medical University Guangzhou 510515,China
| | - Dao-Qi Zhu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Southern Medical University Guangzhou 510515,China
| | - Meng Shao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Southern Medical University Guangzhou 510515,China
| | - Ai-Wu Li
- Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University Guangzhou 510515,China
| | - Zhao-Ru Liu
- Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University Guangzhou 510515,China
| | - Rui-Jiao Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Southern Medical University Guangzhou 510515,China
| | - Shi-Ya Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Southern Medical University Guangzhou 510515,China
| | - Dan-Dan Lou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Southern Medical University Guangzhou 510515,China
| | - Ying Lyu
- Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University Guangzhou 510515,China
| | - Qin Fan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Southern Medical University Guangzhou 510515,China
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Li MT, Liu M, Yu YH, Li AW, Sun HB. Laser-Structured Graphene/Reduced Graphene Oxide Films towards Bio-Inspired Superhydrophobic Surfaces. BCSJ 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20180255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Tian Li
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P. R. China
| | - Monan Liu
- Department of Condensed Matter Physic, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Hao Yu
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P. R. China
| | - Ai-Wu Li
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Bo Sun
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P. R. China
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Yin D, Jiang NR, Liu YF, Zhang XL, Li AW, Feng J, Sun HB. Mechanically robust stretchable organic optoelectronic devices built using a simple and universal stencil-pattern transferring technology. Light Sci Appl 2018; 7:35. [PMID: 30839612 PMCID: PMC6106994 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-018-0041-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Stretchable electronic and optoelectronic devices based on controllable ordered buckling structures exhibit superior mechanical stability by retaining their buckling profile without distortion in repeated stretch-release cycles. However, a simple and universal technology to introduce ordered buckling structures into stretchable devices remains a real challenge. Here, a simple and general stencil-pattern transferring technology was applied to stretchable organic light-emitting devices (SOLEDs) and polymer solar cells (SPSCs) to realize an ordered buckling profile. To the best of our knowledge, both the SOLEDs and SPSCs with periodic buckles exhibited the highest mechanical robustness by operating with small performance variations after 20,000 and 12,000 stretch-release cycles between 0% and 20% tensile strain, respectively. Notably, in this work, periodic-buckled structures were introduced into SPSCs for the first time, with the number of stretch-release cycles for the SPSCs improved by two orders of magnitude compared to that for previously reported random-buckled stretchable organic solar cells. The simple method used in this work provides a universal solution for low-cost and high-performance stretchable electronic and optoelectronic devices and promotes the commercial development of stretchable devices in wearable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, 130012 Changchun, China
| | - Nai-Rong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, 130012 Changchun, China
| | - Yue-Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, 130012 Changchun, China
| | - Xu-Lin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, 130012 Changchun, China
| | - Ai-Wu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, 130012 Changchun, China
| | - Jing Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, 130012 Changchun, China
| | - Hong-Bo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, 130012 Changchun, China
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Haidian 100084 Beijing, China
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Abstract
Real 3D microspheres are fabricated using femtosecond laser processing and might be applicable for use as single-mode microlasers with controlled resonance wavelengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Shan Hou
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics
- College of Electronic Science and Engineering
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| | - Qiu-Lan Huang
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics
- College of Electronic Science and Engineering
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| | - Xue-Peng Zhan
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics
- College of Electronic Science and Engineering
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| | - Ai-Wu Li
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics
- College of Electronic Science and Engineering
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| | - Huai-Liang Xu
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics
- College of Electronic Science and Engineering
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
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Wang J, Du H, Mou YR, Niu JY, Zhang WT, Yang HC, Li AW. Abundance and significance of neuroligin-1 and glutamate in Hirschsprung’s disease. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:7172-7180. [PMID: 26109803 PMCID: PMC4476878 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i23.7172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the abundance and potential diagnostic significance of neuroligin-1 and glutamate (Glu) in Hirschsprung’s disease (HSCR).
METHODS: Ninety children with HSCR and 50 children without HSCR matched for similar nutritional status, age and basal metabolic index were studied. The expression and localization of neuroligin-1 and Glu were assessed using double-labeling immunofluorescence staining of longitudinal muscles with adherent myenteric plexus from the surgically excised colon of children with HSCR. Western blot analysis, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry were performed to evaluate the abundance of neuroligin-1 and Glu in different HSCR-affected segments (ganglionic, transitional, and aganglionic segments). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect and compare serum Glu levels in the long-segment HSCR, short-segment HSCR and non-HSCR samples.
RESULTS: Neuroligin-1 and Glu were co-expressed highest to lowest in the ganglionic, transitional and aganglionic segments based on Western blot (neuroligin-1: 0.177 ± 0.008 vs 0.101 ± 0.006, 0.177 ± 0.008 vs 0.035 ± 0.005, and 0.101 ± 0.006 vs 0.035 ± 0.005, P < 0.005; Glu: 0.198 ± 0.006 vs 0.115 ± 0.008, 0.198 ± 0.006 vs 0.040 ± 0.003, and 0.115 ± 0.008 vs 0.040 ± 0.003, P < 0.005) and qRT-PCR (neuroligin-1: 9.58 × 10-5± 9.94 × 10-6vs 2.49 × 10-5± 1.38 × 10-6, 9.58 × 10-5± 9.94 × 10-6vs 7.17 × 10-6 ± 1.12 × 10-6, and 2.49 × 10-5± 1.38 × 10-6vs 7.17 × 10-6± 1.12 × 10-6, P < 0.005). Serum Glu level was the highest to lowest in the non-HSCR, short-type HSCR and long-type HSCR samples based on ELISA (in nmol/μL, 0.93 ± 0.31 vs 0.57 ± 0.25, 0.93 ± 0.31 vs 0.23 ± 0.16, and 0.57 ± 0.25 vs 0.23 ± 0.16, P < 0.005).
CONCLUSION: Neuroligin-1 and Glu may represent new markers of ganglion cells, whose expression may correlate with the pathogenesis, diagnosis, differential diagnosis or classification of HSCR.
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Cao W, Li AW, Ren SX, Chen XX, Li W, Gao GH, He YY, Zhou CC. Efficacy of First-line Chemotherapy Affects the Second-Line Setting Response in Patients with Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:6799-804. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.16.6799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Xu BB, Zhang DD, Liu XQ, Wang L, Xu WW, Haraguchi M, Li AW. Fabrication of microelectrodes based on precursor doped with metal seeds by femtosecond laser direct writing. Opt Lett 2014; 39:434-437. [PMID: 24487833 DOI: 10.1364/ol.39.000434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Silver (Ag) seeds for assisting femtosecond laser direct writing (FsLDW) were employed in the fabrication of microelectrodes (MEs). Pattern-controllable and size-tunable MEs can be easily constructed by introducing Ag seeds to the ion precursor solution in the process of laser-induced photoreduction of the Ag ions. The fabrication process is stable under sufficient material supply, and the applied laser power is reduced to one-tenth of that without Ag seeds. Finally, as a representative application, an organic field effect transistor (OFET) was fabricated, based on this laser-fabricated Ag ME. The OFET exhibited good photoelectric properties, and achieved an on-off ratio of 200.
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Luo J, Wu FY, Li AW, Zheng D, Liu JM. Comparison of Vinorelbine, Ifosfamide and Cisplatin (NIP) and Etoposide and Cisplatin (EP) for Treatment of Advanced Combined Small Cell Lung Cancer (cSCLC) Patients: A Retrospective Study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2012; 13:4703-6. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.9.4703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Yan ZQ, Yang ZY, Wang H, Li AW, Wang LP, Yang H, Gao BR. Study of aggregation induced emission of cyano-substituted oligo (p-phenylenevinylene) by femtosecond time resolved fluorescence. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2011; 78:1640-1645. [PMID: 21388863 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2011.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2010] [Revised: 01/25/2011] [Accepted: 01/28/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The aggregation induced emission (AIE) mechanism of the cyano-substituted oligo (p-phenylenevinylene)1,4-bis [1-cyano-2-(4-(diphenylamino) phenyl) vinyl] benzene (TPCNDSB) is investigated by time resolved fluorescence technique. By reconstructing the time resolved emission spectra (TRES), it is found that in solvent of low polarity, the emission is mainly from the local emission (LE) state with high quantum yield, but in high polarity solvent, the emission is mainly from the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) state, which is a relatively dark state, with low quantum yield. In crystal form, the restriction of transfer from LE state to ICT state results in efficient AIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Qi Yan
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Zhang QY, Ma S, Xi D, Zhang WT, Li AW. Administration of a novel penicillamine-bound membrane: a preventive and therapeutic treatment for abdominal adhesions. BMC Surg 2011; 11:5. [PMID: 21349198 PMCID: PMC3053215 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2482-11-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2010] [Accepted: 02/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adhesions formation is a significant postsurgical complication. At present, there is no effective method for preventing adhesions formation 1, although barrier products such as Dextran (Dex) 2 and sodium hyaluronate (SH) 3 have proved the most clinically successful 456, This study is designed to investigate the preventive and therapeutic potential of a novel penicillamine-bound membrane for abdominal adhesions formation. METHODS 150 rats were involved in the present study. All animals were randomly divided into 6 groups (1 vehicle group and 5 test groups respectively treated with dextran, sodium hyaluronate, penicillamine, penicillamine-bound membrane or non-penicillamine-bound membrane). The occurrence, grade and score of abdominal adhesions were compared between the different groups. The breaking strength of incision was compared between the vehicle group and the penicillamine, membrane with/without penicillamine - treated groups. Expression of collagen type I was compared between the vehicle and penicillamine-treated group. The occurrence of adhesions was compared between the Dextran (Dex), sodium hyaluronate (SH), penicillamine-treated group and membrane with or without penicillamine- treated groups. RESULTS Penicillamine and penicillamine-bound membrane had significant preventive effects on abdominal adhesions formation, better than dextran, sodium hyaluronate and non-penicillamine-bound membrane. However, neither of them influenced incision healing, although they insignificantly decreased the breaking strength of the incision. Penicillamine-bound membrane, which can be loaded locally and more efficaciously, shows greater advantages than penicillamine. CONCLUSIONS Penicillamine-bound membrane can be applied as an effective therapeutic intervention for abdominal adhesions with inconsequential side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang-Ye Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Sheng Ma
- Qingzhou Clinical College, Weifang Medical University, China
| | - Dong Xi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 34thStreet and Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Wen-Tong Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Ai-Wu Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
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Sun DQ, Li AW, Li J, Li DG, Li YX, Hao-Feng, Gong MZ. Changes of lipid peroxidation in carbon disulfide-treated rat nerve tissues and serum. Chem Biol Interact 2009; 179:110-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2008.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2008] [Revised: 11/18/2008] [Accepted: 11/18/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Xu JF, Zhou CC, Li AW. [Gefitinib in the treatment of refractory non-small cell lung cancer]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2007; 29:938-940. [PMID: 18478936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the efficacy, median survival time, time to progression, quality of life and adverse effect of gefitinib (IRESSA) in the treatment for refractory advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS Forty-one patients with stage III b to IV NSCLC who had previously treated with 2-7 cycles of platinum-based chemotherapy were enrolled into the study, 85.4% of the patients had received second line chemotherapy. The regimen was oral intake of gefitinib 250 mg once daily until the disease progression or intolerable toxic reaction occurred. The patients were required to receive tumor assessment before the treatment, one month, two months and every three months after IRESSA administration. RESULTS All 41 patients were evaluable for therapeutic effect. Partial response rate (PR), stable disease (SD) and progression of disease (PD) was 43.9% (18/41), 34.1% (14/41) and 22.0% (9/41), respectively. No complete regression was observed. The overall response rate was 43.9% (18/41) with a rate of 42.1% in the male and 45.5% in the female (P > 0.05). The disease control rate (PR + SD) was 78.0% (32/41). Twenty-two of the 41 patients (53.7%, 22/41) were still alive with MST of 10.1 months when the follow-up ended in Nov. 2006. TP and MST of dead patients was 2.7 and 5.0 months, respectively. The rate of symptom improvement was 78% for all patients with MST of 13.3 months for PR patients. The performance status (Karnofsky) was improved (20 +/- 5) after 28-day treatment. III-IV degree toxicity was not observed. CONCLUSION IRESSA is effective and safe for the advanced NSCLC patients with poor performance status who previously failed in the second or third line chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Fang Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200433, China
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17
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Li FH, Xia W, Li AW, Zhao CF, Sun RP. Inhibition of rho kinase attenuates high flow induced pulmonary hypertension in rats. Chin Med J (Engl) 2007; 120:22-9. [PMID: 17254483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The RhoA/Rho kinase pathway may participate in the pathogenesis of hypoxia and monocrotaline induced pulmonary hypertension. This study tested whether RhoA/Rho kinase pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of high flow induced pulmonary hypertension in rats. METHODS Male Wistar rats (4 weeks) were randomly divided into 4 shunt groups, 4 treated groups and 4 control groups. Shunt and treated groups underwent left common carotid artery/external jugular vein shunt operation. Control groups underwent sham operation. Treated groups received fasudil treatment and the others received same dose of saline. At weeks 1, 2, 4 and 8 of the study, right ventricular systolic pressure was measured and blood gases were analysed to calculate Qp/Qs. The weight ratio of right ventricle to left ventricle plus septum and the mean percentage of medial wall thickness in moderate sized pulmonary arteries were obtained. RhoA activity in pulmonary arteries was detected using Rho activity assay reagent. Rho kinase activity was quantified by the extent of MYPT1 phosphorylation with Western blot. Proliferating cells were evaluated using proliferating cell nuclear antigen immunohistological staining. RESULTS Carotid artery/jugular vein shunt resulted in high pulmonary blood flow, both an acute and a chronic elevation of right ventricular systolic pressure, significant medial wall thickening characterized by smooth muscle cells proliferation, right ventricular hypertrophy and increased activation of RhoA and Rho kinase. Fasudil treatment lowered pulmonary artery systolic pressure, suppressed pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells proliferation, attenuated pulmonary artery medial wall thickening and inhibited right ventricular hypertrophy together with significant suppression of Rho kinase activity but not Rho activity. CONCLUSIONS Activated RhoA/Rho kinase pathway is associated with both the acute pulmonary vasoconstriction and the chronic pulmonary artery remodelling of high flow induced pulmonary hypertension. Fasudil treatment could improve pulmonary hypertension by inhibiting Rho kinase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Hai Li
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Public Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan 250012, China
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18
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Boudreau RTM, Sangster SM, Johnson LM, Dauphinee S, Li AW, Too CKL. Implication of alpha4 phosphoprotein and the rapamycin-sensitive mammalian target-of-rapamycin pathway in prolactin receptor signalling. J Endocrinol 2002; 173:493-506. [PMID: 12065239 DOI: 10.1677/joe.0.1730493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A prolactin (PRL)-responsive 3'-end cDNA encoding rat alpha4 phosphoprotein was previously isolated from a rat lymphoma cDNA library. Rat alpha4 is a homologue of yeast Tap42 and is a component of the mammalian target-of-rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathway that stimulates translation initiation and G1 progression in response to nutrients and growth factors. In the present study, the full-length rat alpha4 cDNA was obtained by 5'-RACE and the 1023 bp open reading frame predicted a 340 amino acid protein of 39.1 kDa. The alpha4 mRNA was expressed in quiescent PRL-dependent Nb2 lymphoma cells deprived of PRL for up to 72 h but expression was downregulated within 4 h of PRL treatment. In contrast, PRL-independent Nb2-Sp cells showed constitutive expression of alpha4 that was not affected by PRL. Western analysis of Nb2 cell lysates or of V5-tagged-alpha4 expressed in COS-1 cells detected a single immunoreactive band of approximately 45 kDa. Enzymatic deglycosylation of affinity-purified 45 kDa alpha4 yielded the predicted 39 kDa protein. Phosphorylation of Nb2 alpha4 was induced by PRL or 2-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and further enhanced by a combination of PRL and TPA. The Nb2 alpha4 associated with the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 2A and localized predominantly in Nb2 nuclear fractions with trace amounts in the cytosol. The immunosuppressant drug rapamycin inhibited proliferation of Nb2 cells in response to PRL or interleukin-2, but had no effect on Nb2-Sp cells. Furthermore, transient overexpression of alpha4 in COS-1 cells inhibited PRL stimulation of the immediate-early gene interferon regulatory factor-1 promoter activity. Therefore, PRL downregulation of alpha4 expression and/or PRL-inducible phosphorylation of alpha4 may be necessary for PRL receptor (PRLr) signalling to the interferon regulatory factor-1 promoter in the Nb2 cells and, furthermore, implicates cross-talk between the mTOR and PRLr signalling cascades during Nb2 cell mitogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R T M Boudreau
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Sir Charles Tupper Medical Building, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4H7, Canada
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Abstract
Leptin was originally believed to be an exclusively adipocyte-derived hormone regulating appetite and energy balance. It has recently become apparent that leptin is actively expressed in a number of other tissues including the CNS and pituitary, as well as brain- and pituitary-derived cell lines. However, the factors controlling leptin expression in cells of neuroectodermal origin are unknown. The mouse leptin gene 5'-flanking DNA contains multiple AP-1 and SRF-1 binding sites as well as a consensus CRE site at -491 to -482 bp. In addition, a number of potential PIT1 and Oct-1 binding sites may contribute to leptin gene transcription in pituitary and brain. We have used leptin promoter-luciferase reporter constructs to examine the regulation of the leptin promoter in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, C6 glioma cells, and GH3 pituitary cells in response to serum and hormonal stimuli. Cells were transiently transfected with reporter constructs containing either the proximal 500 bp of the leptin promoter (-500-luc) or 6000 bp of the leptin gene 5' flanking region (-6000-luc). Functional analysis indicates that the leptin promoter is constitutively active in all 3 cell lines. Transcriptional activity was significantly higher with a -500 to +9 promoter than with a construct containing -6000 to +9 bp of 5' flanking DNA, indicating the presence of repressor elements which may contribute to the tissue-specific regulation of leptin expression. However, qualitatively similar results were observed with both constructs in response to serum and hormonal manipulation. Leptin promoter activity was significantly stimulated by serum in all cell lines, although to varying extents. In contrast, the response of the leptin promoter to insulin, IGF-1 and dibutyryl cAMP was cell-type specific and dependent on the presence or absence of FBS in the culture medium. Insulin, IGF-1 and dibutyryl cAMP each caused an approximately two-fold stimulation of leptin promoter activity in 3T3-L1 cells under serum-free conditions, but had no significant effect in the presence of 10% FBS. In contrast, dibutyryl cAMP markedly stimulated leptin promoter activity (5-8-fold) in C6 or GH3 cells in the presence or absence of FBS, whereas insulin or IGF-1 had minimal effects. These findings support our previous studies on the regulation of leptin steady state mRNA levels in C6 cells and demonstrate tissue-specific differences in the regulation of leptin gene transcription in adipose vs. neuroectodermal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- A W Li
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 4H7
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20
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Asa SL, Ramyar L, Murphy PR, Li AW, Ezzat S. The endogenous fibroblast growth factor-2 antisense gene product regulates pituitary cell growth and hormone production. Mol Endocrinol 2001; 15:589-99. [PMID: 11266510 DOI: 10.1210/mend.15.4.0626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF; FGF-2) is one of 19 related members of a growth factor family with mitogenic and hormone-regulatory functions. In Xenopus laevis oocytes, a 1.5-kb FGF-2 antisense (GFG) RNA complementary to the third exon and 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of FGF-2 mRNA has been implicated in FGF-2 mRNA editing and stability. The human homolog has been cloned, and we localized this gene by yeast artificial chromosome (YAC), somatic cell, and radiation hybrid panels to the same chromosomal site as FGF-2 (chromosome 4, JO4513 adjacent to D4S430), confirming this as a human endogenous antisense gene. The full-length GFG antisense RNA encodes a 35-kDa protein, which is highly homologous with the MutT family of antimutator nucleosidetriphosphatases (NTPases). We show that human pituitary tumors express FGF-2 and its endogenous antisense partner GFG. While normal pituitary expresses GFG but not FGF-2, pituitary adenomas express FGF-2 and have reduced levels of GFG; aggressive and recurrent adenomas expressed more FGF than GFG mRNA. To examine the effects of this antisense gene in the pituitary, we transfected the pituitary-derived GH4 mammosomatotroph cell line with constructs encoding the full-length human GFG cDNA. Transiently and stably transfected cells expressed the 35-kDa GFG protein that was localized to the cytoplasm. These cells exhibited enhanced PRL expression as documented by transiently transfected PRL-luciferase reporter assay and by endogenous PRL protein. GFG expression in these cells did not alter endogenous FGF-2 expression but increased the proportion of the higher molecular mass 22-kDa form of GH. Moreover, GFG expression inhibited cell proliferation as shown by [(3)H]thymidine incorporation, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) nuclear staining, and cell cycle analysis. We conclude that the GFG-encoded protein has divergent hormone-regulatory and antiproliferative actions in the pituitary that are independent of FGF-2 expression. GFG represents a novel mechanism involved in restraining pituitary tumor cell growth while promoting hormonal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Asa
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2M9.
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21
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Abstract
The fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) gene is bidirectionally transcribed to produce the FGF-2 mRNA and a 1.5 kb antisense (FGF-AS) transcript complementary to the 3' untranslated region of the FGF-2 transcript. The FGF-AS RNA has been postulated to play a role in the post-transcriptional regulation of FGF-2, but this function has not been conclusively demonstrated. We characterized FGF-AS cDNAs from rat brain and C6 glioma cells, and investigated their role in regulation of FGF-2 expression. Three FGF-AS cDNAs were isolated; the full-length FGF-AS mRNA and two alternative splice variants lacking exon 2 or exons 2 and 3 of the FGF-AS sequence. The alternatively spliced FGF-AS RNAs are widely expressed in the CNS, whereas liver predominantly expressed the full-length transcript. The full-length and first splice variant encode 35 and 28 kDa isoforms of GFG, a MutT-related nuclear protein, whereas the second splice variant was not translated. The effect of FGF-AS RNA on FGF-2 expression was evaluated in stable C6 transfectants over-expressing the full-length or alternatively spliced FGF-AS RNA forms. All three constructs suppressed cellular FGF-2 protein (but not FGF-2 mRNA) levels, and this effect correlated directly with the level of FGF-AS RNA. Cellular FGF receptor content was increased and cell proliferation inhibited compared to wild type or vector-transfected cells, indicating disruption of the FGF-2 autocrine pathway by FGF-AS RNA. These findings demonstrate for the first time that the FGF-AS RNA regulates FGF-2 expression in mammalian cells, and suggest that this effect is exerted predominantly at the level of translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A W Li
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, 5859 University Avenue, NS, Halifax, Canada B3H 4H7
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22
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Abstract
Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is a progressive eye disorder characterized by immune-mediated inflammation of the extraocular muscles and orbital connective tissue. TAO is linked, in a unique way, with thyroid autoimmunity, in particular Graves' hyperthyroidism. Our working hypothesis for the pathogenesis of TAO is that recognition of a thyrotropin receptor (TSHR)-like protein in the orbital preadipocytes by antibodies may be the initial event leading to homing of lymphocytes into the orbital tissues. In the course of thyroid inflammation, antibodies and T cells reactive against G2s expressed in thyroid membranes cross-react with the protein in the eye muscle fiber, leading to eye muscle damage and dysfunction. Those patients with anti-G2s antibodies develop ocular myopathy. Antibodies against flavoprotein, the 64-kDa protein, which are produced in the context of eye muscle fiber damage and mitochondrial rupture, are sensitive markers of immune-mediated fiber necrosis in patients with ophthalmopathy but do not directly damage the eye muscle. Antibodies against type XIII collagen, which is localized in the plasma membranes of orbital fibroblast, may be a new marker for the congestive ophthalmopathy subtype of TAO. The measurement of antibodies against key eye muscle and orbital connective tissue autoantigens may have a role in the management of active ophthalmopathy and its prediction in patients with Graves' hyperthyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yamada
- Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Germany
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23
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Abstract
The fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) gene is bidirectionally transcribed to produce the FGF-2 mRNA and a 1.5 kb antisense (FGF-AS) transcript complementary to the 3' untranslated region of the FGF-2 transcript. The FGF-AS RNA has been postulated to play a role in the post-transcriptional regulation of FGF-2, but this function has not been conclusively demonstrated. We characterized FGF-AS cDNAs from rat brain and C6 glioma cells, and investigated their role in regulation of FGF-2 expression. Three FGF-AS cDNAs were isolated; the full-length FGF-AS mRNA and two alternative splice variants lacking exon 2 or exons 2 and 3 of the FGF-AS sequence. The alternatively spliced FGF-AS RNAs are widely expressed in the CNS, whereas liver predominantly expressed the full-length transcript. The full-length and first splice variant encode 35 and 28 kDa isoforms of GFG, a MutT-related nuclear protein, whereas the second splice variant was not translated. The effect of FGF-AS RNA on FGF-2 expression was evaluated in stable C6 transfectants over-expressing the full-length or alternatively spliced FGF-AS RNA forms. All three constructs suppressed cellular FGF-2 protein (but not FGF-2 mRNA) levels, and this effect correlated directly with the level of FGF-AS RNA. Cellular FGF receptor content was increased and cell proliferation inhibited compared to wild type or vector-transfected cells, indicating disruption of the FGF-2 autocrine pathway by FGF-AS RNA. These findings demonstrate for the first time that the FGF-AS RNA regulates FGF-2 expression in mammalian cells, and suggest that this effect is exerted predominantly at the level of translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A W Li
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
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24
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Gunji K, De Bellis A, Li AW, Yamada M, Kubota S, Ackrell B, Wengrowicz S, Bellastella A, Bizzarro A, Sinisi A, Wall JR. Cloning and characterization of the novel thyroid and eye muscle shared protein G2s: autoantibodies against G2s are closely associated with ophthalmopathy in patients with Graves' hyperthyroidism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000; 85:1641-7. [PMID: 10770210 DOI: 10.1210/jcem.85.4.6553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Serum autoantibodies against eye muscle antigens are closely linked with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO), although their significance is unclear. The two antigens that are most often recognized are eye muscle membrane proteins with molecular masses of 55 and 64 kDa, as determined from immunoblotting with crude human or porcine eye muscle membranes. We cloned a fragment of the 55-kDa protein by screening an eye muscle expression library with affinity-purified anti-55 kDa protein antibody prepared from a TAO patient's serum. A complementary DNA (cDNA) encoding a novel protein, which we have called G2s, was sequenced on both strands, and its size was 411 bp. The open reading frame of G2s corresponded to a 121-amino acid peptide with a size of 1.4 kb. Using the rapid amplification of 5'-cDNA ends technique we were able to clone an additional 0.3 kb of the protein. G2s did not share significant homologies with any other entered protein in computer databases and had one putative transmembrane domain. Using the 1.4 kb cDNA as probe in Northern blotting of a panel of messenger ribonucleic acids prepared from human tissues, the parent protein was shown to correspond to a large molecule of about 5.8 kb with a calculated molecular mass of approximately 220 kDa, consistent with earlier immunoblot studies performed in the absence of reducing agents. G2s was strongly expressed in eye muscle, thyroid, and other skeletal muscle and to a lesser extent in pancreas, liver, lung, and heart muscle, but not in kidney or orbital fibroblasts. We tested sera from patients with Graves' hyperthyroidism with and without ophthalmopathy and from control patients and subjects for antibodies against a G2s fusion protein by immunoblotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In immunoblotting, antibodies reactive with G2s were identified in 70% of patients with TAO of less than 3 yr duration, 53% with TAO of more than 3 yr duration, 36% with Graves' hyperthyroidism without evident ophthalmopathy, 17% with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, 3% with type 1 diabetes, 23% with nonimmunological thyroid disorders, and 16% of normal subjects. The prevalences, compared to normal values, were significant for the two groups of patients with TAO, but not for the other groups. Tests were positive in 54% of patients with active TAO, 33% with chronic ophthalmopathy, 36% with Graves' hyperthyroidism, 54% with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, 23% with type 1 diabetes, and in 11% of normal subjects using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The antibodies predicted the development of the ocular myopathy subtype of TAO in six of seven patients and the congestive ophthalmopathy subtype in seven of eight patients, respectively, with Graves' hyperthyroidism studied prospectively during and after antithyroid drug therapy. Antibodies reactive with G2s may be early markers of ophthalmopathy in patients with Graves' hyperthyroidism. Because G2s is expressed in both thyroid and eye muscle, immunoreactivity against a shared epitope in the two tissues may explain the well known link between thyroid autoimmunity and ophthalmopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Gunji
- Department of Medicine, Allegheny University of the Health Sciences, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 16212, USA
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25
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Abstract
The rat Nb2-11C lymphoma cell line expresses high affinity prolactin (PRL) receptors, and requires lactogenic hormones for survival and proliferation. We have applied differential display to identify genes which are differentially induced in Nb2-11C cells following PRL stimulation, or which are constitutively expressed in the PRL-independent Nb2-Sp cells. In the present study we characterized a clone (22c.2) which was expressed in Nb2-Sp cells, and in Nb2-11C cells given PRL for 3 h but not in untreated cells. The 279 bp cDNA had 95% homology with the 3' end of the murine 2.6 kb FGF-inducible gene 14 (FIN14). When clone 22c.2 was used to screen a Nb2-Sp cDNA library to obtain a longer cDNA, a unique 1039 bp clone PNR (Prolactin-responsive/ NonO-Related) was isolated, subcloned and sequenced. The deduced amino acid sequence encoded by the PNR open reading frame had significant homology with a family of RNA- and DNA-binding proteins which include the human polypyrimidine tract-binding protein (PTB)-associated splicing factor (PSF), the murine non-POU-domain-containing octamer-binding protein (NonO) and the human NonO homologue p54nrb. Nb2-11C cells expressed three PNR-related mRNA transcripts of 2.5, 3.0 and > 10 kb. Expression of the 2.5 and 3.0 kb transcripts were increased at least 4-fold within 3 h of PRL treatment. PNR expression was also significantly stimulated within 3 h by addition of FGF-2 to either Nb2-11C or Nb2-Sp cells, although alone FGF-2 was not mitogenic for either cell line. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) confirmed the expression of both FGF-2 and FGF receptor mRNA in Nb2 cells. raising the possibility of an autocrine or paracrine function for FGF-2 in lymphoma cells. Furthermore, PRL rapidly stimulated the expression of FGF-2 mRNA in a time- and dose-dependent manner in both Nb2-11C and Nb2-Sp cells. FGF-2 expression was increased within 1 h and was maintained at a high level for at least 10 h following treatment with 2 ng/ml PRL. Western blotting with anti-FGF2 antisera demonstrated PRL stimulation of intracellular accumulation, but not secretion of immunoreactive FGF-2. The observation of PRL-responsive expression of FGF-2 in Nb2 cells suggests a previously unrecognized pathway for PRL action in lymphoid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Too
- Department of Biochemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
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26
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Abstract
Bidirectional transcription of the basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2) gene gives rise to multiple polyadenylated sense mRNAs and a unique 1.5 kb antisense transcript (FGF-AS) which is complementary to the 3'-untranslated region of the FGF-2 mRNA. The rat FGF-AS cDNA encodes a novel 35 kDa nuclear protein (GFG) with homology to the MutT family of antimutator NTPases. Antibodies against the deduced amino acid sequence of GFG detected intense immunoreactivity in the nuclei of adult rat hepatocytes. Subcellular fractionation and Western blotting confirmed the presence of a 35 kDa immunoreactive protein in the nuclear fraction and, to a lesser extent, in the mitochondrial fractions of rat liver homogenates. Recombinant GFG suppressed the spontaneous mutation rate of MutT-deficient E. coli in a complementation assay. In-frame deletion of the 53 amino acids encompassing the MutT domain eliminated this activity, confirming the catalytic function of this region in the FGF antisense gene product. These findings demonstrate for the first time that the FGF-AS transcript encodes a functional nuclear protein with MutT-related enzymatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A W Li
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
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27
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Knee R, Li AW, Murphy PR. Characterization and tissue-specific expression of the rat basic fibroblast growth factor antisense mRNA and protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1997; 94:4943-7. [PMID: 9144169 PMCID: PMC24610 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.94.10.4943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
An RNA transcribed from the antisense strand of the FGF-2 gene has been implicated in the regulation of FGF-2 mRNA stability in amphibian oocytes. We have now cloned and characterized a novel 1. 1-kb mRNA (fgf-as) from neonatal rat liver. In non-central nervous system (CNS) tissues the fgf-as RNA is abundantly expressed in a developmentally regulated manner. The FGF-AS cDNA contains a consensus polyadenylylation signal and a long open reading frame (ORF) whose deduced amino acid sequence predicts a 35-kDa protein with homology to the MutT family of nucleotide hydrolases. Western blot analysis with antibodies against the deduced peptide sequence demonstrates that the FGF-AS protein is expressed in a broad range of non-CNS tissue in the postnatal period. In the developing brain, the abundance of sense and antisense transcripts are inversely related, suggesting a role for the antisense RNA in posttranscriptional regulation of FGF-2 expression in this tissue. The FGF-AS is complementary to two widely separated regions in the long 3' untranslated region of the FGF-2 mRNA, in the vicinity of the proximal and distal polyadenylylation sites. These findings demonstrate that the FGF-2 and fgf-as RNAs are coordinately transcribed on a tissue-specific and developmentally regulated basis and suggest that interaction of the sense and antisense RNAs may result in posttranscriptional regulation of FGF-2 in some tissues.
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MESH Headings
- Aging/metabolism
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Base Sequence
- Brain/metabolism
- Cloning, Molecular
- Consensus Sequence
- DNA, Complementary/chemistry
- DNA, Complementary/metabolism
- Embryo, Mammalian
- Embryo, Nonmammalian
- Fibroblast Growth Factor 2/biosynthesis
- Fibroblast Growth Factor 2/chemistry
- Fibroblast Growth Factor 2/isolation & purification
- Fibroblast Growth Factors/biosynthesis
- Fibroblast Growth Factors/chemistry
- Fibroblast Growth Factors/isolation & purification
- Humans
- Immunoblotting
- Kidney/metabolism
- Liver/metabolism
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Myocardium/metabolism
- Organ Specificity
- Protein Biosynthesis
- RNA, Antisense/biosynthesis
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Recombinant Proteins/biosynthesis
- Recombinant Proteins/chemistry
- Recombinant Proteins/isolation & purification
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Xenopus laevis
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Affiliation(s)
- R Knee
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 4H7
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28
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Li AW, Too CK, Murphy PR. The basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2) antisense RNA (GFG) is translated into a MutT-related protein in vivo. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1996; 223:19-23. [PMID: 8660369 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1996.0839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2) gene is transcribed bidirectionally to yield multiple sense (coding) transcripts and a unique 1.5 kb antisense transcript which may regulate sense RNA stability. The antisense RNA also contains a long open reading frame that predicts a hypothetical protein with homology to the prokaryotic MutT antimutator proteins. However, translation of this protein has not previously been demonstrated. We employed antibodies against the conserved MutT-domain of the deduced human FGF-2 antisense protein (GFG) to demonstrate expression of an immunoreactive 24 kDa protein in liver extracts from Xenopus laevis, and two proteins of 28 and 35 kDa in rat liver. In rats, GFG protein expression detected by western blot was tissue-specific and correlated with the level of FGF-2 antisense mRNA expression. These findings demonstrate that, in addition to its possible RNA regulatory function, the FGF-2 antisense transcript is translated into a conserved MutT-related protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- A W Li
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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29
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Abstract
The basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) gene locus is transcribed into a number of mRNA transcripts including an antisense mRNA derived from the opposite DNA strand of the bFGF gene. Expression of this natural antisense RNA has been implicated in regulation of the bFGF sense mRNA expression and turnover. In the present study we examined the developmental pattern of expression of the bFGF antisense transcript in fetal and postnatal rat tissues. Northern hybridization with a strand-specific cRNA probe detected a 1.5-kb polyadenylated antisense RNA in all tissues examined except brain, in which two transcripts were detected as a doublet of approximately 1.3-1.5 kb in size. The level of antisense transcript expression was markedly tissue- and age-dependent. In the developing brain, both sense and antisense transcripts were detected by Northern hybridization, but the pattern of their expression was inversely related. The 6.0-kb bFGF sense transcript increased in an age-dependent manner from days 3-30 of postnatal development while the antisense transcript decreased to nearly undetectable levels over the same period. In embryonic (days 15-19) liver, kidney, heart and intestine bFGF antisense RNA expression was low but increased dramatically at parturition, rising 5-10-fold over fetal levels by 10 days of age, then declined slowly to a new steady-state level in adult tissues. The level of antisense RNA in these tissues was much higher than that of bFGF sense mRNA, which was undetectable by Northern analysis. Sense and antisense trancripts were also detected in midgestational (11.5 days) embryos by RT-PCR. Antisense expression did not increase when embryos were explanted and cultured for 48 h (9.5-11.5 days). The apparent reciprocal relationship between the abundance of sense and antisense bFGF transcripts in developing brain supports the possibility of a regulatory role for the antisense transcript in this tissue. There was no evidence for a reciprocal relationship between sense and antisense expression in the other tissues examined, indicating that the relationship between sense and antisense RNA expression may be tissue-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- A W Li
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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30
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Abstract
Adipocyte differentiation involves the transcriptional activation of several genes in triglyceride metabolism, including the adipose P2 (aP2 or 422) gene that encodes the adipocyte lipid-binding protein ALBP. Within the mouse aP2 promoter region, the AE-1 sequence functions as either a positive or a negative element in the regulation of aP2 gene expression. The AE-1 sequence is the binding site for the positive murine (3T3) adipocyte factor C/EBP-alpha, several human preadipocyte factors, and a 3T3 preadipocyte factor(s) that has been implicated as a repressor of aP2 gene expression. Here we report the cloning of new complementary DNAs that encode the 3T3 preadipocyte factor (termed AEBP1) and demonstrate that AEBP1 expression is abolished during adipocyte differentiation. Furthermore, we show that an activity of a carboxypeptidase associated with AEBP1 is important in the transcriptional repression function of AEBP1. Thus AEBP1 might represent a new type of transcription factor that regulates transcription by cleavage of factors involved in transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- G P He
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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31
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Abstract
The antifungal agent, Sinefungin (SF), has been shown to be an inhibitor of transmethylation reactions. We report here the effects of SF on the production and methylation of rRNA in the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Under conditions of SF treatment which have been shown to affect the regulation of cell proliferation in this yeast, pulse-chase labeling experiments using [methyl-3H]methionine and [3H]uracil indicated that methyl incorporation into rRNA during a short labeling period was inhibited, and stable 18 S rRNA production was differentially decreased. Other experiments quantitating modified nucleotides in newly produced rRNA showed that stable molecules were methylated. Taken together, these results suggest that SF slows methylation of rRNA, and is associated with differential loss of undermethylated 18 S rRNA species.
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Bedard DP, Li AW, Singer RA, Johnston GC. Mating ability during chemically induced G1 arrest of cells of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Bacteriol 1984; 160:1196-8. [PMID: 6389512 PMCID: PMC215845 DOI: 10.1128/jb.160.3.1196-1198.1984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Diploid formation by haploid cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was tested during and after treatment with chemical agents which bring about arrest at the cell cycle regulatory step "start." All compounds, except sinefungin, allowed efficient mating. During sinefungin treatment, zygote formation, but not karyogamy, was affected.
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33
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Abstract
Bacteriocin 28, produced by Clostridium perfringens, was characterized by gel filtration and sodium dodecyl sulfate - polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis as a glycoprotein with a molecule weight of approximately 100,000. Density gradient centrifugation suggested a lower weight of 84,000. The bacteriocin bound firmly to phenyl-Sepharose CL-4B gel, indicating hydrophobic properties, and elution from this gel with ethylene glycol clearly separated bacteriocin from the alpha and theta toxins of C. perfringens, the latter of which was also hydrophobic. Bacteriocin 28 was immunogenic, inducing neutralizing and precipitating antibodies, and possessed three isoelectric points: 7.37, 7.05, and 5.4. Amino acid and carbohydrate analysis of the active material showed a composition of 15 amino acids and several carbohydrates. The molecule demonstrated instability with increasing purification, and several approaches to purification are described.
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Abstract
Bacteriocinogenic Clostridium perfringens, strain 28, harboured plasmid DNA detectable by dye-bouyant density-gradient centrifugation. This plasmid DNA was absent from an ultraviolet light cured variant which had simultaneously lost its immunity and ability to produce bacteriocin. Agarose gel electrophoresis of the plasmid DNA revealed at least six bands but denaturation experiments suggested three plasmids occurring in more than one conformation. Electron microscopy revealed three major size distributions of circular DNA of molecular weights 1,5,6, and 7.1 megadaltons. Some evidence suggests that the 5.6 megadalton plasmid may control bacteriocin 28 production.
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