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Pombo A, Cardoso TM, Araújo AM, Frada R, Nunes CS, Órfão J, Lemos P. Airway approach for caesarean section under general anaesthesia: a national survey. Int J Obstet Anesth 2023; 56:103920. [PMID: 37625984 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2023.103920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Pombo
- Serviço de Anestesiologia - Departamento de Anestesiologia, Cuidados Intensivos e Emergência, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António, Porto, Portugal.
| | - T M Cardoso
- Serviço de Anestesiologia - Departamento de Anestesiologia, Cuidados Intensivos e Emergência, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António, Porto, Portugal
| | - A M Araújo
- Serviço de Anestesiologia - Departamento de Anestesiologia, Cuidados Intensivos e Emergência, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António, Porto, Portugal; Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - R Frada
- Serviço de Anestesiologia - Departamento de Anestesiologia, Cuidados Intensivos e Emergência, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António, Porto, Portugal
| | - C S Nunes
- Serviço de Anestesiologia - Departamento de Anestesiologia, Cuidados Intensivos e Emergência, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António, Porto, Portugal; Universidade Aberta, Department of Science and Technology, Porto, Portugal
| | - J Órfão
- Serviço de Anestesiologia - Departamento de Anestesiologia, Cuidados Intensivos e Emergência, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António, Porto, Portugal
| | - P Lemos
- Serviço de Anestesiologia - Departamento de Anestesiologia, Cuidados Intensivos e Emergência, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António, Porto, Portugal
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Vaz I, Carvalho T, Valente MJ, Castro A, Araújo AM, Bastos ML, Carvalho M. The interplay between autophagy and apoptosis mediates toxicity triggered by synthetic cathinones in human kidney cells. Toxicol Lett 2020; 331:42-52. [PMID: 32464236 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic cathinones abuse remains a serious public health problem. Kidney injury has been reported in intoxications associated with synthetic cathinones, but the molecular mechanisms involved have not been explored yet. In this study, the potential in vitro nephrotoxic effects of four commonly abused cathinone derivatives, namely pentedrone, 3,4-dimethylmethcatinone (3,4-DMMC), methylone and 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV), were assessed in the human kidney HK-2 cell line. All four derivatives elicited cell death in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, in the following order of potency: 3,4-DMMC >> MDPV > methylone ≈ pentedrone. 3,4-DMMC and methylone were selected to further elucidate the mechanisms behind synthetic cathinones-induced cell death. Both drugs elicited apoptotic cell death and prompted the formation of acidic vesicular organelles and autophagosomes in HK-2 cells. Moreover, the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine significantly potentiated cell death, indicating that autophagy may serve as a cell survival mechanism that protects renal cells against synthetic cathinones toxicity. Both drugs triggered a rise in reactive oxygen and nitrogen species formation, which was completely prevented by antioxidant treatment with N‑acetyl‑L‑cysteine or ascorbic acid. Importantly, these antioxidant agents significantly aggravated renal cell death induced by cathinone derivatives, most likely due to their autophagy-blocking properties. Taken together, our results support an intricate control of cell survival/death modulated by oxidative stress, apoptosis and autophagy in synthetic cathinones-induced renal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Vaz
- UFP Energy, Environment and Health Research Unit (FP-ENAS), University Fernando Pessoa, Praça Nove de Abril, 349, 4249-004, Porto, Portugal
| | - T Carvalho
- UFP Energy, Environment and Health Research Unit (FP-ENAS), University Fernando Pessoa, Praça Nove de Abril, 349, 4249-004, Porto, Portugal
| | - M J Valente
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
| | - A Castro
- UFP Energy, Environment and Health Research Unit (FP-ENAS), University Fernando Pessoa, Praça Nove de Abril, 349, 4249-004, Porto, Portugal
| | - A M Araújo
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - M L Bastos
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - M Carvalho
- UFP Energy, Environment and Health Research Unit (FP-ENAS), University Fernando Pessoa, Praça Nove de Abril, 349, 4249-004, Porto, Portugal; UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
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Câmara TS, Nunes JF, Diniz FM, Silva GR, Araújo AM. Genetic diversity and relatedness between Canindé and British Alpine goat breeds in Northeastern Brazil accessed by microsatellite markers. Genet Mol Res 2017; 16:gmr-16-01-gmr.16019569. [PMID: 28363006 DOI: 10.4238/gmr16019569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to access the genetic diversity and relatedness between Canindé and British Alpine goat breeds in the States of Piauí and Ceará using microsatellite markers. Genomic DNA was isolated from hair samples of 99 goats belonging to six different flocks. A panel of polymorphic heterologous microsatellite loci was used to genotype individuals. The microsatellite markers resulted in a total number of 145 alleles, with an average of 8.5 alleles per locus. The observed and expected heterozygosities were ≥0.687 and ≥0.627, respectively, for all loci. The polymorphic information content showed that all loci were highly informative with an overall mean of 0.757. Overall FST across all populations and loci was 18%, which was consistent with the coefficient of gene differentiation (GST = 0.104). AMOVA revealed that 12.8% of the variation was captured between breeds. The Bayesian STRUCTURE clustering detected the maximum likelihood for a model of two genetically distinct groups, in agreement with the number of predefined studied breeds and the two-dimensional plot from the PCoA analysis. The exotic British Alpine breed and the naturalized Brazilian Canindé breed were clearly differentiated by the microsatellite markers, indicating that these two breeds have distant genetic identities, despite the phenotypic similarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Câmara
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil .,Laboratório de Tecnologia do Sêmen Caprino e Ovino, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - J F Nunes
- Laboratório de Tecnologia do Sêmen Caprino e Ovino, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - F M Diniz
- Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos, Sobral, CE, Brasil
| | - G R Silva
- Universidade Federal do Piauí, Campus Universitário Ministro Petrônio Portella, Teresina, PI, Brasil
| | - A M Araújo
- Embrapa Meio-Norte, Teresina, PI, Brasil
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David BA, Rubino S, Moreira TG, Freitas-Lopes MA, Araújo AM, Paul NE, Rezende RM, Menezes GB. Isolation and high-dimensional phenotyping of gastrointestinal immune cells. Immunology 2017; 151:56-70. [PMID: 28039862 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal immune system plays a pivotal role in the host relationship with food antigens, the homeostatic microbiome and enteric pathogens. Here, we describe how to collect and process liver and intestinal samples to efficiently isolate and analyse resident immune cells. Furthermore, we describe a step-by-step methodology showing how to high-dimensionally immunophenotype resident leucocytes using cytometry by time-of-flight, providing a well-characterized antibody platform that allows the identification of every leucocyte subset simultaneously. This protocol also includes instructions to purify and cultivate primary murine hepatocytes, a powerful tool to assess basic cell biology and toxicology assays. Gut and liver samples from the same mouse can be collected, processed and stained in less than 6 hr. This protocol enables the recovery of several populations of purified and viable immune cells from solid and fibrous organs, preventing unwanted loss of adherent cells during isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna A David
- Departamento de Morfologia, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Stephen Rubino
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thais G Moreira
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maria Alice Freitas-Lopes
- Departamento de Morfologia, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Alan M Araújo
- Departamento de Morfologia, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Nicole E Paul
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rafael M Rezende
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gustavo B Menezes
- Departamento de Morfologia, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Araújo AM, Reis EAG, Athanazio DA, Ribeiro GS, Hagan JE, Araujo GC, Damião AO, Couto NS, Ko AI, Noronha-Dutra A, Reis MG. Oxidative stress markers correlate with renal dysfunction and thrombocytopenia in severe leptospirosis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2014; 90:719-23. [PMID: 24493675 PMCID: PMC3973519 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease that causes severe manifestations such as Weil's disease and pulmonary hemorrhage syndrome. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and antioxidant reduced glutathione (GSH) levels are related to complications in patients hospitalized with leptospirosis. The ROS production and GSH levels were measured in blood samples of 12 patients and nine healthy controls using chemiluminescence and absorbance assays. We found that ROS production was higher and GSH levels were lower in leptospirosis patients compared with healthy individuals. Among patients, GSH depletion was correlated with thrombocytopenia and elevated serum creatinine, whereas a strong positive correlation was observed between ROS production and elevated serum potassium. Additional investigation of the biological significance of ROS production and GSH levels is warranted as they may guide the development of novel adjuvant therapies for leptospirosis targeting oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan M. Araújo
- Laboratory of Pathology and Molecular Biology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Eliana A. G. Reis
- Laboratory of Pathology and Molecular Biology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mitermayer G. Reis
- Laboratory of Pathology and Molecular Biology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health New Haven, Connecticut
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Leitão RC, Araújo AM, Freitas-Neto MA, Rosa MF, Santaella ST. Anaerobic treatment of coconut husk liquor for biogas production. Water Sci Technol 2009; 59:1841-1846. [PMID: 19448321 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2009.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The market for coconut water causes environmental problems as it is one of the major agro-industrial solid wastes in some developing countries. With the aim of reusing the coconut husk, Embrapa developed a system for processing this raw material. During the dewatering stage Coconut Husk Liquor (CHL) is generated with chemical oxygen demand (COD) varying from 60 to 70 g/L due to high concentrations of sugars and tannins. The present study evaluated the feasibility of anaerobic treatment of CHL through Anaerobic Toxicity Assay and the operation of a lab-scale Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactor. Results showed that CHL can be treated through a UASB reactor operating with an OLR that reaches up to 10 kg/m3.d and that is maintained stable during the whole operation. With this operational condition, the removal efficiency was higher than 80% for COD and approximately 78% for total tannins, and biogas production was 20 m3 of biogas or 130 KWh per m3 of CHL. Seventy-five percent of the biogas composition was methane and toxicity tests demonstrated that CHL was not toxic to the methanogenic consortia. Conversely, increasing the concentration of CHL leads to increased methanogenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Leitão
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), R. Dra. Sara Mesquita, 2270, Fortaleza CE 60511-110, Brazil.
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Castañeda M, Gómez M, Pascual J, Araújo AM. [Simultaneous use of 2 Arndt-type endobronchial blockers to collapse the lung in congenital tracheal bronchus]. Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim 2006; 53:56-8. [PMID: 16475643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
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8
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Ruszczyk A, Motta PC, Barros RL, Araújo AM. Ecological correlates of polyphenism and gregarious roosting in the grass yellow butterfly Eurema elathea (Pieridae). BRAZ J BIOL 2004; 64:151-64. [PMID: 15195374 DOI: 10.1590/s1519-69842004000100017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Eurema elathea adults were censused weekly (1992-1994) in six night-roosts around a forest fragment on a farm, and in two roosts in the urban area of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Males were grouped in six phenotypic classes. These were based on a range between having a conspicuous wide black bar at the dorsal forewing inner margin (wet season dark morphs) and the absence of that bar (dry season light morphs). The body mass and wing area of co-occurring morphs were compared: differents morphs showed similar means. The abundance of butterflies and morph frequencies varied in close relation to humidity (rainfall). Individuals were infrequent and monomorphically dark in the wet season while light morphs predominated in dry periods when population peaked. A lower fraction of recaptured individuals and higher recruitment were recorded compared to other night-roosting butterflies. Dispersal potential was similar between the sexes and varied seasonally with a more sedentary population in dry periods. The maximum residence time recorded was 91 days for a female and 84 days for a male. The fraction of individuals that moved from one roosting site to another was similar in both sexes and male morphs, but significantly higher on the farm than in the urban area. Also, a significantly higher fraction (21.3%) of marked butterflies was recaptured in the urban area than on the farm (15.6%), suggesting a behavioral modification for sedentariness in the urban individuals. The selective forces shaping a gregarious roosting habit in E. elathea and other butterflies are discussed and a protocooperational strategy for saving energy is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ruszczyk
- Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade de Brasília, CEP 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
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Haag KL, Araújo AM, Gottstein B, Siles-Lucas M, Thompson RC, Zaha A. Breeding systems in Echinococcus granulosus (Cestoda; Taeniidae): selfing or outcrossing? Parasitology 1999; 118 ( Pt 1):63-71. [PMID: 10070663 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182098003485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We used the PCR-SSCP method followed by sequencing in order to assess the genetic variability of coding and noncoding parts of the genome of Echinococcus granulosus (Cestoda; Taeniidae) and to test whether or not the parasite populations are mainly self-fertilizing. For this, we analysed a sample of 110 E. granulosus metacestode isolates collected from different geographical regions (Southern Brazil, Europe and Australia) and from different intermediate hosts (ovine, bovine, human, macropod, swine and equine). Using appropriate controls, we were able to identify 4 strains in that sample (sheep, cattle, pig and horse strains). The high degree of genetic differentiation between strains, but not within, and the monomorphism found in most loci (EgAg4, EgActII, EgHbx2 and EgAg6-non-coding-EgAgB/1 and EgND1-coding) indicated that they are largely selfed. On the other hand, outcrossing was also shown to occur, since 5 potential hybrid genotypes between cattle and sheep strains were found in populations of Southern Brazil, but absent in other geographical areas. We suggest that both processes are adaptive. The article also reports, for the first time, the occurrence of the E. granulosus cattle strain in South America.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Haag
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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Haag KL, Araújo AM, Gottstein B, Zaha A. Selection, recombination and history in a parasitic flatworm (Echinococcus) inferred from nucleotide sequences. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 1998; 93:695-702. [PMID: 9830541 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02761998000500024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Three species of flatworms from the genus Echinococcus (E. granulosus, E. multilocularis and E. vogeli) and four strains of E. granulosus (cattle, horse, pig and sheep strains) were analysed by the PCR-SSCP method followed by sequencing, using as targets two non-coding and two coding (one nuclear and one mitochondrial) genomic regions. The sequencing data was used to evaluate hypothesis about the parasite breeding system and the causes of genetic diversification. The calculated recombination parameters suggested that cross-fertilisation was rare in the history of the group. However, the relative rates of substitution in the coding sequences showed that positive selection (instead of purifying selection) drove the evolution of an elastase and neutrophil chemotaxis inhibitor gene (AgB/1). The phylogenetic analyses revealed several ambiguities, indicating that the taxonomic status of the E. granulosus horse strain should be revised.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Haag
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil.
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Haag KL, Zaha A, Araújo AM, Gottstein B. Reduced genetic variability within coding and non-coding regions of the Echinococcus multilocularis genome. Parasitology 1997; 115 ( Pt 5):521-9. [PMID: 9368903 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182097001649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Echinococcus multilocularis, a vulpine intestinal tapeworm, is the causative agent of alveolar echinococosis in humans, one of the most severe and lethal parasitic infections in man. To date, there is very little knowledge about the genetical polymorphism of this parasite. To assess sequence polymorphism, we analysed a sample of 33 E. multilocularis isolates from Europe, North America and Asia by PCR-SSCP followed by nucleotide sequencing. This assessment was performed comparatively to sheep, cattle and pig E. granulosus strains. Coding (nuclear antigen B and mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase genes) and non-coding (introns of actin and homeobox-containing genes) regions of the parasite genome were chosen as targets. Since the estimated nucleotide diversity among genotypes of E. multilocularis were, in general, 10 times lower than among the recognized different strains of E. granulosus, we suggest that the conventional classification of the former species in 2 separated strains (European and North American) should be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Haag
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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Araújo AM, Barbosa GH, Diniz JR, Malagueño E, Azevedo WM, de Carvalho Júnior LB. Polyvinyl alcohol-glutaraldehyde as solid-phase in ELISA for schistosomiasis. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 1997; 39:155-8. [PMID: 9460256 DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46651997000300006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Soluble adult Schistosoma mansoni antigen preparation (SWAP) was covalently fixed onto polyvinyl alcohol-glutaraldehyde discs and an enzyme linked-immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was set up. The best conditions for the assay were established and it was found that small amount of antigen such as 1.5 micrograms was required. A comparison between this procedure and the conventional ELISA was proceeded. A reliable method of antigen immobilization was achieved and the low prices of the employed reagents are economically attractive.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Araújo
- Laboratório de Immunopatologia Keizo Asami, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
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Moreira E, Araújo AM, Sá E, Freitas JM, Trigo F, Carneiro N, Dias DM, Malvar MJ. [Urinary tract infections. The causative agents and their sensitivities to chemotherapeutic drugs]. ACTA MEDICA PORT 1994; 7:149-54. [PMID: 8209700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A retrospective study was made of the requests for bacteriological examination of urine samples by the different clinical departments of Vila Nova de Famalicão District Hospital, between July/89-June/90 and July/91-June/92. We were interested in assessing the spectrum of occurring micro-organisms in urinary tract infections, their antibiotic susceptibility, especially to those more frequently used in clinical practice in this institution and their evolution in time. In conclusion, the prevalence of isolated pathogens was quite similar to the spectrum published by other authors for a hospital population. No significant variation was found in the bacterial population between the two periods analysed, if we exclude the great increase in coagulase-negative staphylococci. In terms of benefits/costs/resistance, we concluded that the best antibiotic for the beginning of therapy in this Hospital is cotrimoxazole. Good choices were also quinolones, third-generation cephalosporins or aminoglycosides, but with the disadvantages of greater cost for the first two and toxicity for the last.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Moreira
- Serviço de Patologia Clínica, Hospital Distrital de V.N. Famalicão
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Valente VLS, Araújo AM. Chromosomal polymorphism, climatic factors, and variation in population size of Drosophila willistoni in southern Brazil. Heredity (Edinb) 1986. [DOI: 10.1038/hdy.1986.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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