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Marphatia A, Busert-Sebela L, Manandhar DS, Reid A, Cortina-Borja M, Saville N, Dahal M, Puri M, Wells JCK. Generational trends in the transition to womanhood in lowland rural Nepal: Changes in the meaning of early marriage. Am J Hum Biol 2024:e24088. [PMID: 38687248 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.24088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In South Asia, studies show secular trends toward slightly later women's marriage and first reproduction. However, data on related biological and social events, such as menarche and age of coresidence with husband, are often missing from these analyses. We assessed generational trends in key life events marking the transition to womanhood in rural lowland Nepal. METHODS We used data on 110 co-resident mother-in-law (MIL) and daughter-in-law (DIL) dyads. We used paired t-tests and chi-squared tests to evaluate generational trends in women's education, and mean age at menarche, marriage, cohabitation with husband, and first reproduction of MIL and DIL dyads. We examined norms held by MILs and DILs on a daughter's life opportunities. RESULTS On average, MIL was 29 years older than DIL (60 years vs. 31 years). Both groups experienced menarche at average age 13.8 years. MIL was married at average 12.4 years, before menarche, and cohabitated with husbands at average 14.8 years. DIL was simultaneously married and cohabitated with husbands after menarche, at average 15 years. DIL was marginally more educated than MIL but had their first child on average 0.8 years earlier (95% CI -1.4, -0.1). MIL and DIL held similar norms on daughters' education and marriage. CONCLUSION While social norms remain similar, the meaning of "early marriage" and use of menarche in marriage decisions has changed in rural lowland Nepal. Compared to DIL, MIL who was married earlier transitioned to womanhood more gradually. However, DIL was still married young, and had an accelerated trajectory to childbearing.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Marphatia
- Population, Policy and Practice Research and Teaching Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - L Busert-Sebela
- Population, Policy and Practice Research and Teaching Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - D S Manandhar
- Mother and Infant Research Activities, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - A Reid
- Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - M Cortina-Borja
- Population, Policy and Practice Research and Teaching Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - N Saville
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - M Dahal
- Center for Research on Environment Health and Population Activities, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - M Puri
- Center for Research on Environment Health and Population Activities, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - J C K Wells
- Population, Policy and Practice Research and Teaching Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
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Shortino J, Knappe-Grueneberg S, Voigt J, Chu PH, Reid A, Snow WM, Kilian W. Preliminary searches for spin-dependent interactions using sidebands of nuclear spin-precession signals. Rev Sci Instrum 2024; 95:013301. [PMID: 38180345 DOI: 10.1063/5.0174672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Various theories beyond the Standard Model predict new particles with masses in the sub-eV range with very weak couplings to ordinary matter. A new P-odd and T-odd interaction between polarized and unpolarized nucleons proportional to s⃗⋅r̂ is one such possibility, where r⃗=rr̂ is the spatial vector connecting the nucleons, and s⃗ is the spin of the polarized nucleon. Such an interaction involving a scalar coupling gsN at one vertex and a pseudoscalar coupling gpn at the polarized nucleon vertex can be induced by the exchange of spin-0 pseudoscalar bosons. We describe a new technique to search for interactions of this form and present the first measurements of this type. We show that future improvements to this technique can improve the laboratory upper bound on the product gsNgpn by two orders of magnitude for interaction ranges at the 100 micron scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Shortino
- Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | | | - J Voigt
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), 10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - P-H Chu
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - A Reid
- Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - W M Snow
- Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - W Kilian
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), 10587 Berlin, Germany
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3
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Haire G, Gleeson D, Reid A. COVID-19 vaccination uptake and hesitancy reasons in food production workers. Ir J Med Sci 2023; 192:3105-3108. [PMID: 36944843 PMCID: PMC10030338 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-023-03342-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food production sites have been a high-risk location for SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks worldwide since early in the COVID-19 pandemic. Ireland has a high population rate of COVID-19 vaccination, but reports from food production sites suggest uptake is lower amongst workers despite prior outbreaks at these workplaces. AIMS To study COVID-19 vaccination rates, intent to undertake future vaccination and hesitancy reasons in food production workers. METHODS Data regarding vaccination status was collected via an online survey from workers at 8 food production sites in Ireland; those who were unvaccinated were asked for reasons for being unvaccinated and likelihood to future vaccination. Respondents were also asked for their usual trusted source of medical information. RESULTS N = 355 responses were received. The crude vaccination rate is 86% (N = 306). Those employed in the general operative class are more likely to be unvaccinated (N = 30; 18%) when compared to unvaccinated in all other job classes (N = 16; 9%: p < 0.01). The rate of vaccination is lower in those not born in Ireland compared to those born in Ireland (N = 110, 73% vs N = 192; 98%: p < 0.001). N = 35 (76%) of unvaccinated workers report they are very unlikely or unlikely to undertake vaccination in the future. CONCLUSIONS There is an observed lower-than-national vaccination rate in food production workers. Rates are lowest amongst those workers born overseas; targeting these groups with information responding to their concerns may increase uptake and reduce current and future health inequalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon Haire
- Medwise Occupational Health Services, Unit 32 Naas Town Centre, Naas, Kildare, Ireland.
- Faculty Occupational Medicine, RCPI, Kildare Street, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Deirdre Gleeson
- Medwise Occupational Health Services, Unit 32 Naas Town Centre, Naas, Kildare, Ireland
| | - Alex Reid
- Occupational Health Department, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin 24, Ireland
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4
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Carmola LR, Roebling AD, Khosravi D, Langsjoen RM, Bombin A, Bixler B, Reid A, Chen C, Wang E, Lu Y, Zheng Z, Zhang R, Nguyen PV, Arthur RA, Fitts E, Gulick DA, Higginbotham D, Taz A, Ahmed A, Crumpler JH, Kraft C, Lam WA, Babiker A, Waggoner JJ, Openo KP, Johnson LM, Westbrook A, Piantadosi A. Viral and host factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 disease severity in Georgia, USA. medRxiv 2023:2023.10.25.23297530. [PMID: 37961729 PMCID: PMC10635197 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.25.23297530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
While SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have shown strong efficacy, their suboptimal uptake combined with the continued emergence of new viral variants raises concerns about the ongoing and future public health impact of COVID-19. We investigated viral and host factors, including vaccination status, that were associated with SARS-CoV-2 disease severity in a setting with low vaccination rates. We analyzed clinical and demographic data from 1,957 individuals in the state of Georgia, USA, coupled with viral genome sequencing from 1,185 samples. We found no difference in disease severity between individuals infected with Delta and Omicron variants among the participants in this study, after controlling for other factors, and we found no specific mutations associated with disease severity. Compared to those who were unvaccinated, vaccinated individuals experienced less severe SARS-CoV-2 disease, and the effect was similar for both variants. Vaccination within 270 days before infection was associated with decreased odds of moderate and severe outcomes, with the strongest association observed at 91-270 days post-vaccination. Older age and underlying health conditions, especially immunosuppression and renal disease, were associated with increased disease severity. Overall, this study provides insights into the impact of vaccination status, variants/mutations, and clinical factors on disease severity in SARS-CoV-2 infection when vaccination rates are low. Understanding these associations will help refine and reinforce messaging around the crucial importance of vaccination in mitigating the severity of SARS-CoV-2 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludy R. Carmola
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, 30322; USA
| | - Allison Dorothy Roebling
- Georgia Emerging Infections Program; Georgia Department of Health; Atlanta, GA, 30303; USA
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Decatur, GA, 30033; USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases; Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, 30322; USA
| | - Dara Khosravi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, 30322; USA
| | - Rose M. Langsjoen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, 30322; USA
| | - Andrei Bombin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, 30322; USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases; Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, 30322; USA
| | - Bri Bixler
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Emory University; Atlanta, GA, 30322; USA
| | - Alex Reid
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, 30322; USA
| | - Cara Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, 30322; USA
| | - Ethan Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, 30322; USA
| | - Yang Lu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, 30322; USA
| | - Ziduo Zheng
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics; Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University; Atlanta, GA, 30322; USA
| | - Rebecca Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics; Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University; Atlanta, GA, 30322; USA
| | - Phuong-Vi Nguyen
- Division of Infectious Diseases; Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, 30322; USA
| | - Robert A. Arthur
- Emory Integrated Computational Core; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, 30322; USA
| | - Eric Fitts
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, 30322; USA
| | - Dalia Arafat Gulick
- Georgia Clinical & Translational Science Alliance; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, 30322; USA
| | - Dustin Higginbotham
- Georgia Clinical & Translational Science Alliance; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, 30322; USA
| | - Azmain Taz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, 30322; USA
| | - Alaa Ahmed
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, 30322; USA
- Emory Integrated Genomics Core; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, 30322; USA
| | - John Hunter Crumpler
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, 30322; USA
| | - Colleen Kraft
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, 30322; USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases; Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, 30322; USA
| | - Wilbur A. Lam
- The Atlanta Center for Microsystems-Engineered Point-of-Care Technologies; Atlanta, GA, 30322; USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, 30322; USA
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center at Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta; Atlanta, GA, 30322; USA
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ahmed Babiker
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, 30322; USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases; Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, 30322; USA
| | - Jesse J. Waggoner
- Division of Infectious Diseases; Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, 30322; USA
| | - Kyle P. Openo
- Georgia Emerging Infections Program; Georgia Department of Health; Atlanta, GA, 30303; USA
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Decatur, GA, 30033; USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases; Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, 30322; USA
| | - Laura M. Johnson
- Pediatric Biostatistics Core; Department of Pediatrics; School of Medicine; Emory University; Atlanta, GA, 30322; USA
| | - Adrianna Westbrook
- Pediatric Biostatistics Core; Department of Pediatrics; School of Medicine; Emory University; Atlanta, GA, 30322; USA
| | - Anne Piantadosi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, 30322; USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases; Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, 30322; USA
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O’Neill MT, Jones V, Reid A. Impact of menopausal symptoms on work and careers: a cross-sectional study. Occup Med (Lond) 2023; 73:332-338. [PMID: 37542726 PMCID: PMC10540666 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqad078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women over 50 years are one of the fastest-growing employment groups. Menopausal symptoms can adversely impact quality of life, work performance and attendance; however, few studies look at the impact of individual menopausal symptoms on work and career development. AIMS To measure the prevalence of menopausal symptoms in employees in a healthcare setting, to assess the impact of individual symptoms on work, attendance and career development and to explore perceptions about workplace supports. METHODS In this cross-sectional study of Irish hospital workers, menopausal employees were asked about the frequency of 10 menopausal symptoms and the extent to which each symptom impacted them at work. Impacts on performance, attendance and career development were assessed, along with the benefits of workplace support. RESULTS Responses from 407 women showed that the most common menopausal symptoms affecting employees greater than 50% of the time while at work were fatigue (54%), difficulty sleeping (47%), poor concentration (44%) and poor memory (40%). Work performance was impacted for 65% of respondents and 18% had taken sick leave. There was a significant association between symptom severity at work and reduced work performance, career development decisions and attendance. Manager awareness about menopause (29%) and flexible working times (29%) were selected as the most important workplace supports. CONCLUSIONS Female employees are negatively impacted by menopausal symptoms while at work, particularly by psychological and neurocognitive symptoms which were associated with reduced work performance, attendance and career decisions. Manager awareness and flexible schedules were considered the most beneficial workplace supports.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T O’Neill
- Occupational Health & Wellbeing Department, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin D24NR0A, Ireland
| | - V Jones
- Occupational Health & Wellbeing Department, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin D24NR0A, Ireland
| | - A Reid
- Occupational Health & Wellbeing Department, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin D24NR0A, Ireland
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Cazzaniga W, Kinsella N, Reid A, Huddart R, Mayer E, Nicol D. Outcomes of minimally invasive retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (Primary MI- RPLND) followed by adjuvant carboplatin (AUC7) for clinical stage IIa/b seminoma. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00794-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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7
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Gandhi A, Taylor J, Morici M, Reid A, Meniawy T, Khattak M, Millward M, Gray E, Zaenker P. 130P Autoantibodies as potential biomarkers of high grade immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in metastatic melanoma patients treated with check point inhibitors (ICIs). Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Bakr D, Reid A, Flaherty K, Holdich A, Jones C, Tarrant R, Cox A, Goodwill L, Lewis J, Girardi M, Whittaker S, Mitchell T. POT1 gene dysfunction in primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Eur J Cancer 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(22)00551-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abed A, Beasly A, Reid A, Calapre L, Millward M, Gray E. EP16.01-002 T Cell Receptor Diversity among Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated with Pembrolizumab Alone or in Combination with Chemotherapy. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.1002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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10
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Tullie S, Michell A, Reid A. 551 Bilateral Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Following AstraZeneca (AZD1222) COVID-19 Vaccination: A Case Report. Br J Surg 2022; 109:znac269.138. [PMCID: PMC9452111 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac269.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Covid-19 infections correlate with peripheral neuropathy. Correlations extend to vaccination, with reports of polyradiculoneuropathy. We report a case of a 59-year-old right-hand dominant female presenting with bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) nineteen days after AZD1222. BSSH diploma-qualified hand surgeon assessment identified increasing median nerve (MN) paraesthesia and upper limb pain. Symptoms occurred post-AZD1222 second dose administered 12-weeks after the first. Past medical history was unremarkable, and she had not contracted Covid-19. Examination found severe CTS-signs: thenar weakness, positive provocative tests (Phalen's and Tinel's) and 8mm MN static 2-point discrimination. Electrophysiology confirmed very severe wrist bilateral median neuropathies, with no evidence of widespread peripheral neuropathy. Left carpal tunnel decompression found a swollen MN bulging through the transverse carpal ligament. The patient reported symptom improvement 2 weeks post-operatively. This was reported using MHRA “yellow card” protocols as symptoms occurred within the period of neuropathic side effects. Proposed neuropathy mechanisms in Covid-19 include vasa nervorum microangiopathy. Post-vaccine effects could be connected to such changes in microcirculation implicated in CTS. Vaccines containing SARS-CoV-2 antigens enhance autoimmunity and may cause antibody-mediated effects on the synovial sheath, worsening symptoms in pre-existing CTS. Though we do not claim causality, emerging post-vaccination effects may include exacerbation. It is not uncommon for clinicians to diagnose CTS in patients with symptoms overlooked until an inciting event. With Covid-19 ‘boosters' the long-term strategy, vaccinations may increase neuropathy contribution. Increasing caseloads may present future challenges to hand surgeons managing CTS. Recording correlations may provide a basis for investigating CTS pathophysiology post AZD1222.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tullie
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - A Michell
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - A Reid
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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11
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Swart C, Weller M, Delatour V, Quaglia M, Öztug M, Gallo A, Schwalbe H, Cobbaert C, Reid A, Kessler A, Nordin G. T085 Establishment of a sustainable measurement infrastructure for standardised measurement of cardiovascular disease biomarkers within the cardiomet consortium. Clin Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.04.552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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12
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Reid A, Bloxham A, Carr M, van Rijn E, Basoudan N, Tulip C, Blagrove M. Effects of sleep on positive, negative and neutral valenced story and image memory. Br J Psychol 2022; 113:777-797. [PMID: 35253902 PMCID: PMC9545409 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
During sleep, emotional memories are preferentially strengthened. However, most studies on sleep and emotional memory focus on comparing negative valence with neutral valence stimuli. This study compared the sleep‐dependent memory effects for stories and images, each comprising negative, neutral, and positive stimuli. It was hypothesized that a sleep effect would be seen for negatively and positively valenced stimuli. A novel story memory task (comprising three stories), and photographs from the Nencki Affective Picture database were presented for learning to 61 healthy adults (ages 18–25). They were tested for memory on the two tasks immediately, and then again after either a 2‐hr nap (n = 31; 17 women, 14 men) or 2‐hr wake period (n = 30; 13 women, 17 men). At second testing, the sleep condition had significantly better recall compared to the wake condition on both tasks. There was a relationship with valence only for the story task, with better performance for the sleep condition on the negatively and positively valenced texts, but not on the neutral text. There were no significant relationships between memory measures and sleep‐stage duration and EEG power variables. The story memory findings support the hypothesis that memory consolidation prioritizes emotional memory, whether positively or negatively valenced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Reid
- Sleep Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, School of Psychology, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Anthony Bloxham
- Sleep Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, School of Psychology, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Michelle Carr
- Sleep Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, School of Psychology, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Elaine van Rijn
- Sleep Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, School of Psychology, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Nasreen Basoudan
- Sleep Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, School of Psychology, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Chloe Tulip
- Sleep Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, School of Psychology, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Mark Blagrove
- Sleep Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, School of Psychology, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
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Cazzaniga W, Pearce A, Tanabalan C, Rajan P, Kinsella N, Reid A, Huddart R, Nicol D. Medium to long term health-related quality of life and treatment-related side-effects in patients treated with a single dose of adjuvant carboplatin for high-risk seminoma – results from a pilot study. Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)00648-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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14
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Cazzaniga W, Pearce A, Tanabalan C, Rajan P, Kinsella N, Reid A, Huddart R, Nicol D. Health-related quality of life and treatment-related side-effects in patients who have been in remission from testicular cancer for 12-24 months. Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)00649-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Markoulakis R, Luke A, Reid A, Mehra K, Levitt A, Doucet S. Proceedings of the inaugural Canadian Healthcare Navigation Conference: a forum for sharing innovations and best practices in navigation services. BMC Proc 2021; 15:24. [PMID: 34844595 PMCID: PMC8629593 DOI: 10.1186/s12919-021-00229-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Individuals experiencing chronic illnesses face many physical, emotional, and social strains as a result of their illnesses, all the while trying to navigate unfamiliar territory in the healthcare system. Navigation is a strategy that can help people facing complex care needs and barriers to care in finding and accessing needed supports in the health care system. Navigators provide a patient-centred service, guiding individuals through their care plans and overcoming barriers to care. Navigation supports for individuals experiencing complex care needs have shown significant promise and have been gaining traction across Canada. Methods The Canadian Healthcare Navigation Conference was the first event of its kind in Canada to bring together navigation researchers, service providers, students, decision makers, and individuals with lived experience to share lessons learned, promising practices, and research findings. This event was co-hosted by the Family Navigation Project at Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre and NaviCare/SoinsNavi at the University of New Brunswick, and took place virtually on April 15–16, 2021. Results This event spanned two days, which both began with a keynote address, one from a researcher and medical professional in navigation, and another from an individual with lived experience involved in advocacy in Canadian healthcare. Concurrent oral presentations by a variety of presenters were held following each keynote presentation. A poster session was held at the end of the first day, and a panel presentation rounded out the second day. Concurrent and poster presentations covered a range of topics pertaining to approaches to navigation, navigator roles, evaluation and quality improvement, lived experience in navigation, and navigation in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The panel presentation focused on identifying how the navigation field has progressed in Canada and identifying crucial next steps in navigation. These next steps were determined to be: 1) agreement on navigation-related definitions, 2) regulation and training, 3) equity, diversity, inclusion, and accessibility, 4) integrating lived experience, and 5) regional coordination. Conclusion This conference was an important first step to creating a shared national conversation about navigation services so that we can continue to develop, implement, and share best evidence and practices in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Markoulakis
- Family Navigation Project, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada. .,Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| | - A Luke
- Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of New Brunswick Saint John, Saint John, Canada.,Centre for Research in Integrated Care, University of New Brunswick, St. John, Canada
| | - A Reid
- Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of New Brunswick Saint John, Saint John, Canada.,Centre for Research in Integrated Care, University of New Brunswick, St. John, Canada
| | - K Mehra
- Family Navigation Project, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | - A Levitt
- Family Navigation Project, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - S Doucet
- Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of New Brunswick Saint John, Saint John, Canada.,Centre for Research in Integrated Care, University of New Brunswick, St. John, Canada
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Reid A, Klein A, Lin D, Abbate A, Luis SA, Petersen J, Portman M, Winnowski D, Malinowski A, Marden L, Paolini JF, Martin D. RESONANCE Registry: rationale and design of the retrospective and prospective longitudinal, observational registry in pediatric and adult patients with recurrent pericarditis. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.3173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Annually in the United States (US), an estimated 80–90,000 patients are diagnosed with acute pericarditis and 15–30% experience recurrent pericarditis (RP), resulting in increased morbidity and reduced health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Treatment options include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and colchicine. Corticosteroids (CS) are often added to the treatment plan in RP despite CS-associated adverse events and inherent potentiation of recurrence with long-term treatment. A recent Phase 3 clinical trial RHAPSODY (NCT03737110) demonstrated efficacy and safety of rilonacept, an interleukin-1 α and β cytokine trap, in patients with RP. RHAPSODY data helped support FDA approval of the first therapy for RP. With the emergence of this targeted therapy, there is increased interest to learn more about this disease with the goal to better inform treatment and management decisions and improve long-term outcomes.
Purpose
RESONANCE Registry aims to evaluate the natural history of RP by collecting retrospective and prospective, longitudinal physician- and patient-reported outcomes data in real-world clinical practice across the US.
Methods
RP patients with active disease (recurrence within 3 years) will have both retrospective and prospective data collected (Figure 1) for as long as their RP is managed up to 5 years. For patients with inactive disease (no recurrence within 3 years), data collection will be retrospective (Figure 2). Up to 500 patients in the US are planned for enrollment at pediatric and adult medical centers, with the potential for expansion to European sites. Additionally, patients will be recruited through a novel, internet-based technology platform and screened for eligibility at a “decentralized” trial site. The registry will include variables obtained from health records, including baseline characteristics and medical history, as well as patient reported outcome (PRO) measures collected every 3 months. The RESONANCE protocol is designed to include a broad population of pediatric and adult patients, regardless of etiology or treatment course, including patients treated with rilonacept. Data will be analyzed to understand disease heterogeneity, variability in treatment and management, and impact on HRQoL. The protocol and Case Report Forms (CRFs) were developed in collaboration with physicians, patients, and patient advocates.
Conclusions
Registries utilize real-world data to fill knowledge gaps in the management of less common diseases such as RP. The RESONANCE Registry is the first RP registry designed to collect data across a broad range of patients regardless of treatment. The registry will also serve as a connection point for physicians to further educate and empower patients with information about their disease. In addition, PRO data may enable greater insights into the understanding of the burden of RP from the patient's perspective.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Private company. Main funding source(s): Kiniksa Pharmaceuticals
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Affiliation(s)
- A Reid
- Kiniksa Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, United States of America
| | - A Klein
- Cleveland Clinic, Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pericardial Diseases, Section of Cardiovascular Imaging, Cleveland, United States of America
| | - D Lin
- Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis Heart Institute, Minneapolis, United States of America
| | - A Abbate
- Virginia Commonwealth University, VCU Pauley Heart Center, Richmond, United States of America
| | - S A Luis
- Mayo Clinic, Division of Cardiovascular Ultrasound, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Rochester, United States of America
| | - J Petersen
- Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, United States of America
| | - M Portman
- Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, United States of America
| | - D Winnowski
- Pericarditis Alliance, Albany, United States of America
| | - A Malinowski
- Kiniksa Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, United States of America
| | - L Marden
- Kiniksa Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, United States of America
| | - J F Paolini
- Kiniksa Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, United States of America
| | - D Martin
- Kiniksa Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, United States of America
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Tempany M, Leonard A, Prior AR, Boran G, Reilly P, Murray C, O'Brien M, Maguire G, Ennis D, Rakovac A, Reid A. The potential impact of post-COVID symptoms in the healthcare sector. Occup Med (Lond) 2021; 71:284-289. [PMID: 34415352 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqab109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The phenomenon of post-COVID syndrome (PCS) is evolving from an abstract array of non-specific symptoms to an identifiable clinical entity of variable severity. Its frequency and persistence have implications for service delivery and workforce planning. AIMS This study was aimed to assess the prevalence of symptoms consistent with PCS and the subjective degree of recovery in a cohort of healthcare workers, focusing on those who have returned to work. METHODS A study population of 1176 was surveyed when attending for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody testing. Two sub-groups were identified: those with known (i.e. diagnosed on PCR testing) and assumed (i.e. antibody evidence of previous infection) SARs-CoV-2 infection, at least 12 weeks prior to the study. Each group was asked about their subjective degree of recovery and the nature of their persistent symptoms. Results were analysed via excel and SPSS. RESULTS In total, 144 employees showed PCR evidence of previous infection, with 139 of these being infected at least 12 weeks prior to the study. Of these 139, only 19% (n = 26) reported feeling 100% recovered, and 71% reported persistent symptoms. Of those with assumed SARS-CoV-2 infection (n = 78), 32 (41%) were truly asymptomatic since the commencement of the pandemic, while 46 (59%) described symptoms suggestive of possible infection at least 12 weeks prior to the study. Of this latter group, 23% (n = 18) also reported residual symptoms. CONCLUSIONS PCS is prevalent among this group, including those not previously diagnosed with COVID-19. Its' frequency and duration present challenges to employers with regards to the management of work availability and performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tempany
- Department of Occupational Health and Wellbeing, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A Leonard
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A R Prior
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - G Boran
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - P Reilly
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C Murray
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M O'Brien
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - G Maguire
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - D Ennis
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A Rakovac
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A Reid
- Department of Occupational Health and Wellbeing, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Curcean A, Curcean S, Rescigno P, Dafydd DA, Tree A, Reid A, Koh DM, Sohaib A, Tunariu N, Shur J. Imaging features of the evolving patterns of metastatic prostate cancer. Clin Radiol 2021; 77:88-95. [PMID: 34598790 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2021.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The pattern of metastases in prostate cancer (PC) is evolving. Increased use of imaging, newer imaging techniques with higher sensitivity for disease detection and patients receiving multiple lines of novel therapies with increased life expectancy are likely to be contributory. Awareness of metastatic disease patterns improves early diagnosis, accurate staging, and initiation of appropriate therapy, and can inform prognostic information and anticipate potential disease complications. The aim of this review is to document the spectrum of metastases in PC including emerging and unusual patterns, and to highlight the role of novel imaging including prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-positron-emission tomography (PET) and whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WB-MRI) to improve diagnostic and response assessment accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Curcean
- Department of Radiology, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | - S Curcean
- Department of Radiology, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - P Rescigno
- Department of Radiology, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - D Ap Dafydd
- Department of Radiology, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - A Tree
- Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK; Academic Uro-oncology Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - A Reid
- Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK; Academic Uro-oncology Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - D-M Koh
- Department of Radiology, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | - A Sohaib
- Department of Radiology, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - N Tunariu
- Department of Radiology, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | - J Shur
- Department of Radiology, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, UK.
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Jayaram A, Reid A, Wheeler G, Alifrangis C, O'Dwyer J, Jones R, Pezaro C, Pintus E, Staffurth J, Crabb S, Sidhu H, Smith K, Brock S, Rodwell S, Wingate A, Zakka L, Chiwewe M, Cartwright H, White L, Attard G. 650TiP PARADIGM: Plasma analysis for response assessment and to direct the management of metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa). Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.1163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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20
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Loane M, Given JE, Tan J, Reid A, Akhmedzhanova D, Astolfi G, Barišić I, Bertille N, Bonet LB, Carbonell CC, Carollo OM, Coi A, Densem J, Draper E, Garne E, Gatt M, Glinianaia SV, Heino A, Hond ED, Jordan S, Khoshnood B, Kiuru-Kuhlefelt S, Klungsøyr K, Lelong N, Lutke LR, Neville AJ, Ostapchuk L, Puccini A, Rissmann A, Santoro M, Scanlon I, Thys G, Tucker D, Urhoj SK, de Walle HEK, Wellesley D, Zurriaga O, Morris JK. Linking a European cohort of children born with congenital anomalies to vital statistics and mortality records: A EUROlinkCAT study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256535. [PMID: 34449798 PMCID: PMC8396745 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
EUROCAT is a European network of population-based congenital anomaly (CA) registries. Twenty-one registries agreed to participate in the EUROlinkCAT study to determine if reliable information on the survival of children born with a major CA between 1995 and 2014 can be obtained through linkage to national vital statistics or mortality records. Live birth children with a CA could be linked using personal identifiers to either their national vital statistics (including birth records, death records, hospital records) or to mortality records only, depending on the data available within each region. In total, 18 of 21 registries with data on 192,862 children born with congenital anomalies participated in the study. One registry was unable to get ethical approval to participate and linkage was not possible for two registries due to local reasons. Eleven registries linked to vital statistics and seven registries linked to mortality records only; one of the latter only had identification numbers for 78% of cases, hence it was excluded from further analysis. For registries linking to vital statistics: six linked over 95% of their cases for all years and five were unable to link at least 85% of all live born CA children in the earlier years of the study. No estimate of linkage success could be calculated for registries linking to mortality records. Irrespective of linkage method, deaths that occurred during the first week of life were over three times less likely to be linked compared to deaths occurring after the first week of life. Linkage to vital statistics can provide accurate estimates of survival of children with CAs in some European countries. Bias arises when linkage is not successful, as early neonatal deaths were less likely to be linked. Linkage to mortality records only cannot be recommended, as linkage quality, and hence bias, cannot be assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Loane
- Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Ulster University, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - J. E. Given
- Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Ulster University, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - J. Tan
- Population Health Research Institute, St George’s, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - A. Reid
- Population Health Research Institute, St George’s, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - D. Akhmedzhanova
- OMNI-Net for Children International Charitable Fund, Rivne Regional Medical Diagnostic Center, Rivne, Ukraine
| | - G. Astolfi
- Emilia Romagna Registry of Birth Defects, University Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - I. Barišić
- Klinika za dječje bolesti, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - N. Bertille
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France
| | - L. B. Bonet
- Rare Diseases Research Unit, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, Valencia, Spain
| | - C. C. Carbonell
- Rare Diseases Research Unit, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - A. Coi
- Unit of Epidemiology of Rare Diseases and Congenital Anomalies, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - J. Densem
- Biomedical Computing Limited, Battle, United Kingdom
| | - E. Draper
- East Midlands & South Yorkshire Congenital Anomaly Registry, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - E. Garne
- Hospital Lillebaelt, Region Syddanmark, Denmark
| | - M. Gatt
- Directorate for Health Information and Research, G’Mangia, Malta
| | - S. V. Glinianaia
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - A. Heino
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - E. Den Hond
- Provinciaal Instituut voor Hygiëne (PIH), Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - S. Jordan
- Swansea University, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - B. Khoshnood
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France
| | | | - K. Klungsøyr
- Division of Mental and Physical Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - N. Lelong
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France
| | - L. R. Lutke
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - A. J. Neville
- Emilia Romagna Registry of Birth Defects, University Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - L. Ostapchuk
- OMNI-Net for Children International Charitable Fund, Rivne Regional Medical Diagnostic Center, Rivne, Ukraine
| | - A. Puccini
- Territorial Care Service, Emilia Romagna Health Authority, Bologna, Italy
| | - A. Rissmann
- Medical Faculty Otto-von-Guericke, Malformation Monitoring Centre Saxony-Anhalt, University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - M. Santoro
- Unit of Epidemiology of Rare Diseases and Congenital Anomalies, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - I. Scanlon
- Swansea University, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - G. Thys
- Provinciaal Instituut voor Hygiëne (PIH), Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - D. Tucker
- Public Health Wales, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - S. K. Urhoj
- Section of Epidemiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - H. E. K. de Walle
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - D. Wellesley
- Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - O. Zurriaga
- Rare Diseases Research Unit, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, Valencia, Spain
| | - J. K. Morris
- Population Health Research Institute, St George’s, University of London, London, United Kingdom
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21
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Reid A, Buchanan F, Julius M, Walsh PJ. A review on diatom biosilicification and their adaptive ability to uptake other metals into their frustules for potential application in bone repair. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:6728-6737. [PMID: 34346480 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00322d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Diatoms are unicellular eukaryotic algae that have a distinctive siliceous cell wall (frustule) with unique architectures. The nanotopography of the frustule is perfectly replicated between generations, offering a source of highly intricate and identical silica microparticles. In recent years, the ability to alter their cell wall chemistry both in terms of functionalisation with organic moieties or by incorporation of the metal ions in their frustules has increased interest in their utility for catalysis technologies, and semiconductor and biomedical applications. Herein we review the fundamental biological mechanisms in which diatoms produce their frustule and their ability to substitute different metal ions in their frustule fabrication process. The review focuses on the potential of diatom frustules as a naturally derived biomaterial in bone tissue engineering applications and how their cell walls, comprising biogenic silica, could either partially or fully incorporate other bone therapeutic metal ions, e.g., titanium or calcium, into their frustule. The use of diatom frustules in bone repair also potentially offers a 'greener', more environmentally friendly, biomaterial as they can naturally synthesise oxides of silicon and other metals into their frustules under ambient conditions at a relatively neutral pH. This process would negate the use of harsh organic chemicals and high-temperature processing conditions, often used in the fabrication of silica based biomaterials, e.g., bioactive glass.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Reid
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Belfast, UK.
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22
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Leonard A, Prior AR, Reilly P, Murray C, Brien MO, Maguire G, Ennis D, Reid A, Rakovac A, Boran G. High anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroprevalence in healthcare workers in an Irish university teaching hospital. Ir J Med Sci 2021; 191:1023-1028. [PMID: 34195921 PMCID: PMC8245120 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-021-02690-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Healthcare workers are at very high risk for SARS-CoV-2 exposure and infection. This study evaluated anti-SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in healthcare workers in a tertiary care hospital and then correlated seroprevalence with confirmed or suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection in this population since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method The study was approved by our institution’s Joint Research Ethics Committee in June 2020. All volunteers were provided with a consent form, an information leaflet and a questionnaire on the day before phlebotomy. Serum samples were collected from 1176 participants over a 3-month period and analysed using the Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 assay (Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Mannheim, Germany) which detects total antibodies against the nucleocapsid protein of SARs-COV-2. Results Overall anti-SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among participating healthcare workers was 17.9%. The rate of confirmed infection by real-time polymerase chain reaction molecular testing prior to participation was 12.2%. Of 211 participants who had a reactive antibody test result, 37% did not have COVID-19 infection confirmed at any point prior to participation in this study, either having had a swab which did not detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA or having never been tested. Seropositivity was the highest (30%) in the youngest quintile of age (20–29 years old). Staff with more patient contact had a higher seroprevalence of 19.5% compared to 13.4% in staff with less patient contact. Conclusion This study demonstrates that a substantial proportion of SARS-CoV-2 infections in healthcare workers may be asymptomatic or subclinical and thus potentially represent a significant transmission risk to colleagues and patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Leonard
- Departments of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Dublin 24 and School of Medicine, Tallaght University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anna Rose Prior
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin 24, Ireland.
| | - Phyllis Reilly
- Departments of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Dublin 24 and School of Medicine, Tallaght University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Caroline Murray
- Departments of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Dublin 24 and School of Medicine, Tallaght University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Meghan O' Brien
- Departments of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Dublin 24 and School of Medicine, Tallaght University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gillian Maguire
- Departments of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Dublin 24 and School of Medicine, Tallaght University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Deborah Ennis
- Departments of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Dublin 24 and School of Medicine, Tallaght University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alex Reid
- Department of Occupational Health and Wellbeing, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin 24, Ireland
| | - Ana Rakovac
- Departments of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Dublin 24 and School of Medicine, Tallaght University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gerard Boran
- Departments of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Dublin 24 and School of Medicine, Tallaght University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Abstract
Knowledge of asbestos-related diseases has been accumulating for over one hundred years as the industrial value of asbestos was recognised for the strength of its fibres and their resistance to destruction, resulting in increasing production and use until the multiple health effects have become apparent. Deposition in the lung parenchyma results in an inflammatory/progressively fibrotic response, with impaired gas exchange and reduced lung compliance ('asbestosis'), causing progressive dyspnoea and respiratory failure for which only palliation is indicated, although anti-fibrotic agents used for idiopathic usual interstitial pneumonitis remain to be evaluated. Benign pleural effusion, diffuse pleural fibrosis (occasionally with associated rolled atelectasis) and pleural plaques are the non-malignant pleural diseases that result from fibres reaching the pleura. But the main issues that led to the ban on asbestos in industry are those of malignancy: lung cancer, malignant mesothelioma (MM) of the pleura and MM of the peritoneum. Bronchogenic carcinoma risk from asbestos exposure is dose-dependent and multiplies the risk attributable to tobacco smoking. The principles of treatment are as for all cases of lung cancer. Low-dose computed tomography screening of exposed people can detect early-stage, non-small cell cancers, with improved survival. The amphibole varieties of asbestos are much more potent causes of MM than chrysotile, and the risk increases exponentially for 40-50 years following first exposure. As MM is non-resectable and poorly responsive to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, curative treatment is not possible and screening not justified.
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Affiliation(s)
- A W Musk
- School of Population Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA
| | - N de Klerk
- School of Population Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA
| | - A Reid
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Bentley, WA
| | - J Hui
- School of Population Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Department of Diagnostic Genomics, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Nedlands, WA
| | - P Franklin
- School of Population Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA
| | - F Brims
- School of Medicine, Curtin University of Technology, Bentley, WA, Australia
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Reid A, Smyth C, Reid J, Bailey M. 16 Pharmacological Interventions for Sialorrhoea in Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review. Age Ageing 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afab028.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
We looked at patients with Idiopathic Parkinson’s disease and reviewed articles that used any pharmacological therapy to attempt to reduce the volume or burden of sialorrhoea. The control was patients on placebo or receiving usual best care. The primary outcome was symptom burden of sialorrhoea.
Method
The review was registered on Prospero (CRD42016042470.) 7 electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), LILACS) were searched until April 2019 using search terms for sialorrhoea and Parkinson’s disease. We additional searched through the last 6 years of abstracts from the International Movement Disorder Conference, Movement Disorder Society International Congress and World Parkinson’s Congress. Hand searching was performed of published journals from the Movement Disorder Journal of the Movement Disorder Society and Neurology. Inclusion criteria included patients aged over 18; patients with a diagnosis of Idiopathic Parkinson’s disease; patients with the complication of sialorrhoea and any pharmacological therapy aimed at reducing sialorrhoea. All articles were assessed for risk of bias independently by two assessors using the Cochrane risk of bias tool.
Results
7 articles were included from the 1,015 screened citations. 3 studies used Botox B as an intervention with clear objective measures and low risk of bias. These studies did show a significant reduction in sialorrhoea however the largest study showed some reporting bias and the others had small numbers and a short follow up period. 1 study looked at Botox A which showed significant improvement in sialorrhoea but had short follow-up.
Conclusion
Most studies have very small numbers and were followed up for only 1 month. There was significant heterogeneity in outcome measures but little evidence of significant harm from from the treatments studied. Overall, more robust evidence is required in order to achieve a gold standard in the treatment of sialorrhoea.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Reid
- Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow
| | - C Smyth
- Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow
| | - J Reid
- Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow
| | - M Bailey
- Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow
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Jenkins L, Mills H, McCaughan J, Doherty G, Reid A, Bell J, Keown K. P043 A snapshot of respiratory microbiology results pre- and postcommencing Kaftrio®. J Cyst Fibros 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(21)01070-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Chika-Igwenyi N, Harrison R, Unigwe U, Psarra C, Ogah EO, Ajayi N, Onoh R, Ugwu C, Reid A. Another form of Lassa fever? Early neurological symptoms and high mortality reveal differences in two outbreaks in Ebonyi State, Nigeria 2017–2019. Int J Infect Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.1290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Sant'anna RT, Roberts SP, Moore LJ, Reid A, Stokes KA. Rugby union referees' physical and physiological demands across different competitive levels. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2020; 61:788-796. [PMID: 33146494 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.20.11447-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to compare the match demands of officiating 15-a-side rugby union at different competitive levels. METHODS Data was collected using Global Navigation Satellite Systems from 21 referees during 82 competitive rugby union matches across three different competitive levels: 1) professional; 2) semi-professional; 3) amateur. RESULTS Compared with referees at the professional and semi-professional levels, referees at the amateur level covered less total distance (P=0.005). Additionally, these referees covered less distance jogging, and at low and medium intensity (all P<0.05), and had less time between repeated high-intensity efforts (P<0.001). Furthermore, compared with referees at the semi-professional and amateur levels, referees at the professional level had a higher sprint duration and covered more distance sprinting (all P<0.05), and achieved a higher maximal speed during the longest repeated high-intensity effort or "worst-case scenario" (P=0.026). The professional level referees also displayed a lower average heart rate (P<0.001), spent a higher percentage of time at <60% HR<inf>max</inf> (P<0.001), and a lower percentage of time between 71% and 80% HR<inf>max</inf> (P=0.004). Finally, external and internal load were strongly correlated for referees at the semi-professional level only (r=0.75, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Overall, the findings demonstrate that refereeing 15-a-side rugby union is more physically demanding at higher competitive levels, particularly in terms of high-intensity efforts. The results provide important information for practitioners involved in the physical preparation and training of rugby union referees.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lee J Moore
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Alex Reid
- Rugby Football Union, Twickenham, UK
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Reid A, Anastasius M, Ben Zekry S, Turaga M, Webb J, Boone R, Moss R, Cheung A, Ye J, Leipsic J, Blanke P. Geometrical predictors of small virtual neoLVOT size in functional mitral regurgitation. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.2642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
LVOT obstruction is a potentially lethal complication of transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR). An anticipated neoLVOT area of <2cm2 is presumed to imply prohibitive risk. Measurement of the anticipated neoLVOT can be time consuming and requires specialist software to facilitate virtual valve implantation.
Purpose
To determine simple geometrical predictors of prohibitive neoLVOT size.
Methods
165 consecutive, non-calcific FMR patients referred to a transcatheter heart valve program were analysed. Segmentation of the mitral annulus and left heart geometry was performed using CT. Suitability for a default D-shaped TMVR was determined by proprietary annular inclusion criteria. Systolic neoLVOT area was determined via virtual valve implantation of the default TMVR.
Results
Sufficient image data for annular and neoLVOT suitability assessment was available in 152 patients. 105 patients (69%) were suitable for TMVR based on annular measurements. Of these, neoLVOT area was >2cm2 in 88 (84%). Overall, compared to patients not suitable for TMVR (n=64), those suitable had larger ventricles with lower LVEF, and larger annuli (table 1). Using binomial logistic regression involving the variables within table 1, LVESD was the sole statistically significant variable to predict neoLVOT area of <2cm2 (p=0.02). LVESD <48mm had 82% sensitivity and 94% specificity for the presence of prohibitive neoLVOT (figure 1).
Conclusion
Smaller LVESD is a strong predictor of small neoLVOT, and hence LVOT obstruction post default D-shaped TMVR implantation. This simple measure may therefore be used to streamline patient selection for advanced pre-procedural imaging analysis.
Predicting NeoLVOT size <2 cm2
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Affiliation(s)
- A Reid
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - M Anastasius
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - S Ben Zekry
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - M Turaga
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - J Webb
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - R Boone
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - R Moss
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - A Cheung
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - J Ye
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - J Leipsic
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - P Blanke
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Roberts J, Sellers S, Sreedhara S, Reid A, Brown R, Turaga M, Hilton J, Ben Zekry S, Blanke P, Murphy D, Leipsic J. Impact Of A Dedicated Purpose Built Small Footprint Cardiac CT On Operational Efficiency And Cost Effectiveness. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcct.2020.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Calvert A, McCafferty M, McGrade AM, O’Neill D, McCann AM, Donaldson B, Reid A, Addy C. P399 The benefits of benefit advice: a collaborative approach to benefit advice in Northern Ireland. J Cyst Fibros 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(20)30727-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Keown K, Reid A, McCaughan J, Moore J, Taggart C, Downey D. P108 Chronic co-infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Aspergillus fumigatus in cystic fibrosis is associated with accelerated decline in lung function. J Cyst Fibros 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(20)30443-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
The antennae of mosquitoes are model systems for acoustic sensation, in that they obey general principles for sound detection, using both active feedback mechanisms and passive structural adaptations. However, the biomechanical aspect of the antennal structure is much less understood than the mechano-electrical transduction. Using confocal laser scanning microscopy, we measured the fluorescent properties of the antennae of two species of mosquito—Toxorhynchites brevipalpis and Anopheles arabiensis—and, noting that fluorescence is correlated with material stiffness, we found that the structure of the antenna is not a simple beam of homogeneous material, but is in fact a rather more complex structure with spatially distributed discrete changes in material properties. These present as bands or rings of different material in each subunit of the antenna, which repeat along its length. While these structures may simply be required for structural robustness of the antennae, we found that in FEM simulation, these banded structures can strongly affect the resonant frequencies of cantilever-beam systems, and therefore taken together our results suggest that modulating the material properties along the length of the antenna could constitute an additional mechanism for resonant tuning in these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- B D Saltin
- 1 Centre for Ultrasonic Engineering, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde , 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW , UK
| | - Y Matsumura
- 2 Department of Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, Zoological Institute of the University of Kiel , Am Botanischen Garten 9, 24118 Kiel , Germany
| | - A Reid
- 1 Centre for Ultrasonic Engineering, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde , 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW , UK
| | - J F Windmill
- 1 Centre for Ultrasonic Engineering, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde , 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW , UK
| | - S N Gorb
- 2 Department of Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, Zoological Institute of the University of Kiel , Am Botanischen Garten 9, 24118 Kiel , Germany
| | - J C Jackson
- 1 Centre for Ultrasonic Engineering, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde , 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW , UK
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Leung K, Ahmed M, Alarcon R, Aleksandrova A, Baeßler S, Barrón-Palos L, Bartoszek L, Beck D, Behzadipour M, Bessuille J, Blatnik M, Broering M, Broussard L, Busch M, Carr R, Chu PH, Cianciolo V, Clayton S, Cooper M, Crawford C, Currie S, Daurer C, Dipert R, Dow K, Dutta D, Efremenko Y, Erickson C, Filippone B, Fomin N, Gao H, Golub R, Gould C, Greene G, Haase D, Hasell D, Hawari A, Hayden M, Holley A, Holt R, Huffman P, Ihloff E, Ito T, Kelsey J, Kim Y, Korobkina E, Korsch W, Lamoreaux S, Leggett E, Lipman A, Liu CY, Long J, MacDonald S, Makela M, Matlashov A, Maxwell J, McCrea M, Mendenhall M, Meyer H, Milner R, Mueller P, Nouri N, O'Shaughnessy C, Osthelder C, Peng JC, Penttila S, Phan N, Plaster B, Ramsey J, Rao T, Redwine R, Reid A, Saftah A, Seidel G, Silvera I, Slutsky S, Smith E, Snow W, Sondheim W, Sosothikul S, Stanislaus T, Sun X, Swank C, Tang Z, Dinani RT, Tsentalovich E, Vidal C, Wei W, White C, Williamson S, Yang L, Yao W, Young A. The neutron electric dipole moment experiment at the Spallation Neutron Source. EPJ Web Conf 2019. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201921902005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel experimental techniques are required to make the next big leap in neutron electric dipole moment experimental sensitivity, both in terms of statistics and systematic error control. The nEDM experiment at the Spallation Neutron Source (nEDM@SNS) will implement the scheme of Golub & Lamoreaux [Phys. Rep., 237, 1 (1994)]. The unique properties of combining polarized ultracold neutrons, polarized 3He, and superfluid 4He will be exploited to provide a sensitivity to ∼ 10−28 e · cm. Our cryogenic apparatus will deploy two small (3 L) measurement cells with a high density of ultracold neutrons produced and spin analyzed in situ. The electric field strength, precession time, magnetic shielding, and detected UCN number will all be enhanced compared to previous room temperature Ramsey measurements. Our 3He co-magnetometer offers unique control of systematic effects, in particular the Bloch-Siegert induced false EDM. Furthermore, there will be two distinct measurement modes: free precession and dressed spin. This will provide an important self-check of our results. Following five years of “critical component demonstration,” our collaboration transitioned to a “large scale integration” phase in 2018. An overview of our measurement techniques, experimental design, and brief updates are described in these proceedings.
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Loveday C, Sud A, Litchfield K, Levy M, Holroyd A, Broderick P, Kote-Jarai Z, Dunning AM, Muir K, Peto J, Eeles R, Easton DF, Dudakia D, Orr N, Pashayan N, Reid A, Huddart RA, Houlston RS, Turnbull C. Runs of homozygosity and testicular cancer risk. Andrology 2019; 7:555-564. [PMID: 31310061 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Testicular germ cell tumour (TGCT) is highly heritable but > 50% of the genetic risk remains unexplained. Epidemiological observation of greater relative risk to brothers of men with TGCT compared to sons has long alluded to recessively acting TGCT genetic susceptibility factors, but to date none have been reported. Runs of homozygosity (RoH) are a signature indicating underlying recessively acting alleles and have been associated with increased risk of other cancer types. OBJECTIVE To examine whether RoH are associated with TGCT risk. METHODS We performed a genome-wide RoH analysis using GWAS data from 3206 TGCT cases and 7422 controls uniformly genotyped using the OncoArray platform. RESULTS Global measures of homozygosity were not significantly different between cases and controls, and the frequency of individual consensus RoH was not significantly different between cases and controls, after correction for multiple testing. RoH at three regions, 11p13-11p14.3, 5q14.1-5q22.3 and 13q14.11-13q.14.13, were, however, nominally statistically significant at p < 0.01. Intriguingly, RoH200 at 11p13-11p14.3 encompasses Wilms tumour 1 (WT1), a recognized cancer susceptibility gene with roles in sex determination and developmental transcriptional regulation, processes repeatedly implicated in TGCT aetiology. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Overall, our data do not support a major role in the risk of TGCT for recessively acting alleles acting through homozygosity, as measured by RoH in outbred populations of cases and controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Loveday
- Division of Genetics & Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - A Sud
- Division of Genetics & Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - K Litchfield
- Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - M Levy
- Division of Genetics & Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - A Holroyd
- Division of Genetics & Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - P Broderick
- Division of Genetics & Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Z Kote-Jarai
- Division of Genetics & Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - A M Dunning
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - K Muir
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, Warwick University, Warwick, UK
- Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - J Peto
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - R Eeles
- Division of Genetics & Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - D F Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - D Dudakia
- Division of Genetics & Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - N Orr
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - N Pashayan
- Department of Applied Health Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - A Reid
- Academic Uro-oncology Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, UK
| | - R A Huddart
- Academic Radiotherapy Unit, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, UK
| | - R S Houlston
- Division of Genetics & Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - C Turnbull
- Division of Genetics & Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University, London, UK
- Guys and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Public Health England, National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service, London, UK
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Sherrard L, Allen D, Barron M, Einarsson G, Johnston E, O'Neill K, McIlreavey L, McGrath S, Gilpin D, Downey D, Reid A, McElvaney N, Boucher R, Muhlebach M, Elborn J, Tunney M. P179 Detection of multi-drug resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) in people with cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(19)30473-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Patel P, Choudury R, Reid A, Sarpal N, Murray J. Development of a Multi-professional Testicular Cancer Patient Follow-up Clinic – Experience from the Royal Marsden Hospital. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2018.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Schreck S, Diesen E, LaRue J, Ogasawara H, Marks K, Nordlund D, Weston M, Beye M, Cavalca F, Perakis F, Sellberg J, Eilert A, Kim KH, Coslovich G, Coffee R, Krzywinski J, Reid A, Moeller S, Lutman A, Öström H, Pettersson LGM, Nilsson A. Atom-specific activation in CO oxidation. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:234707. [PMID: 30579301 DOI: 10.1063/1.5044579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on atom-specific activation of CO oxidation on Ru(0001) via resonant X-ray excitation. We show that resonant 1s core-level excitation of atomically adsorbed oxygen in the co-adsorbed phase of CO and oxygen directly drives CO oxidation. We separate this direct resonant channel from indirectly driven oxidation via X-ray induced substrate heating. Based on density functional theory calculations, we identify the valence-excited state created by the Auger decay as the driving electronic state for direct CO oxidation. We utilized the fresh-slice multi-pulse mode at the Linac Coherent Light Source that provided time-overlapped and 30 fs delayed pairs of soft X-ray pulses and discuss the prospects of femtosecond X-ray pump X-ray spectroscopy probe, as well as X-ray two-pulse correlation measurements for fundamental investigations of chemical reactions via selective X-ray excitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Schreck
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-10691, Sweden
| | - Elias Diesen
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-10691, Sweden
| | - Jerry LaRue
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, Orange, California 92866, USA
| | - Hirohito Ogasawara
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Kess Marks
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-10691, Sweden
| | - Dennis Nordlund
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Matthew Weston
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-10691, Sweden
| | - Martin Beye
- DESY Photon Science, Notkestrasse 85, Hamburg 22607, Germany
| | - Filippo Cavalca
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-10691, Sweden
| | - Fivos Perakis
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-10691, Sweden
| | - Jonas Sellberg
- Biomedical and X-ray Physics, Department of Applied Physics, AlbaNova University Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - André Eilert
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-10691, Sweden
| | - Kyung Hwan Kim
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-10691, Sweden
| | - Giacomo Coslovich
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Ryan Coffee
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Jacek Krzywinski
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Alex Reid
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Stefan Moeller
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Alberto Lutman
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Henrik Öström
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-10691, Sweden
| | - Lars G M Pettersson
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-10691, Sweden
| | - Anders Nilsson
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-10691, Sweden
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Khattak M, Gray E, Reid A, Periera M, McEvoy A, Aya-Bonilla C, Meniawy T, Didan A, Millward M, Ziman M. PD-L1 expression on pre-treatment circulating tumour cells, but not serum VEGF, is predictive of response to pembrolizumab in melanoma. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy269.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Carey R, Norman R, Whiteman D, Reid A, Neale R, Webb P, Fritschi L. The Future Excess Fraction of Cancer Attributable to High Body Mass Index in Australia. J Glob Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1200/jgo.18.78402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: High body mass index (BMI > 25 kg/m2) has been found to be associated with an increased risk of many cancers, including cancers of the colon and rectum, liver, and pancreas. Aim: This study aimed to estimate the future burden of cancer resulting from current levels of overweight and obesity in Australia. Methods: The future excess fraction method was used to estimate the future burden of cancer among the proportion of the Australian adult population who were overweight or obese in 2016. Calculations were conducted for 13 cancer types, including cancers of the colon, rectum, kidney, and liver. Results: The cohort of 18.7 million adult Australians in 2016 will develop ∼7.6 million cancers over their lifetime. Of these, ∼402,500 cancers (5.3%) will be attributable to current levels of overweight and obese. The majority of these will be postmenopausal breast cancers (n = 72,300), kidney cancers (n = 59,200), and colon cancers (n = 55,100). More than a quarter of future endometrial cancers (30.3%) and esophageal adenocarcinomas (35.8%) will be attributable to high body mass index. Conclusion: A significant proportion of future cancers will result from current levels of high body mass index. Our estimates are not directly comparable to past estimates of the burden from overweight and obesity because they describe different quantities - future cancers in currently exposed vs current cancers due to past exposures. The results of this study provide us with relevant up-to-date information about how many cancers in Australia could be prevented.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Carey
- Curtin University, Bentley, Australia
| | - R. Norman
- Curtin University, Bentley, Australia
| | - D. Whiteman
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - A. Reid
- Curtin University, Bentley, Australia
| | - R. Neale
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - P. Webb
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
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Caughey SD, Wilson PW, Mukhtar N, Brocklehurst S, Reid A, D'Eath RB, Boswell T, Dunn IC. Sex differences in basal hypothalamic anorectic and orexigenic gene expression and the effect of quantitative and qualitative food restriction. Biol Sex Differ 2018; 9:20. [PMID: 29843787 PMCID: PMC5975468 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-018-0178-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Research into energy balance and growth has infrequently considered genetic sex, yet there is sexual dimorphism for growth across the animal kingdom. We test the hypothesis that in the chicken, there is a sex difference in arcuate nucleus neuropeptide gene expression, since previous research indicates hypothalamic AGRP expression is correlated with growth potential and that males grow faster than females. Because growth has been heavily selected in some chicken lines, food restriction is necessary to improve reproductive performance and welfare, but this increases hunger. Dietary dilution has been proposed to ameliorate this undesirable effect. We aimed to distinguish the effects of gut fullness from nutritional feedback on hypothalamic gene expression and its interaction with sex. Methods Twelve-week-old male and female fast-growing chickens were either released from restriction and fed ad libitum or a restricted diet plus 15% w/w ispaghula husk, a non-nutritive bulking agent, for 2 days. A control group remained on quantitative restriction. Hypothalamic arcuate nucleus neuropeptides were measured using real-time PCR. To confirm observed sex differences, the experiment was repeated using only ad libitum and restricted fed fast-growing chickens and in a genetically distinct breed of ad libitum fed male and female chickens. Linear mixed models (Genstat 18) were used for statistical analysis with transformation where appropriate. Results There were pronounced sex differences: expression of the orexigenic genes AGRP (P < 0.001) and NPY (P < 0.002) was higher in males of the fast-growing strain. In genetically distinct chickens, males had higher AGRP mRNA (P = 0.002) expression than females, suggesting sex difference was not restricted to a fast-growing strain. AGRP (P < 0.001) expression was significantly decreased in ad libitum fed birds but was high and indistinguishable between birds on a quantitative versus qualitative restricted diet. Inversely, gene expression of the anorectic genes POMC and CART was significantly higher in ad libitum fed birds but no consistent sex differences were observed. Conclusion Expression of orexigenic peptides in the avian hypothalamus are significantly different between sexes. This could be useful starting point of investigating further if AGRP is an indicator of growth potential. Results also demonstrate that gut fill alone does not reduce orexigenic gene expression. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13293-018-0178-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Caughey
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, Edinburgh, EH25 9RG, Scotland, UK.
| | - P W Wilson
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, Edinburgh, EH25 9RG, Scotland, UK
| | - N Mukhtar
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, Edinburgh, EH25 9RG, Scotland, UK
| | - S Brocklehurst
- Bioinformatics and Statistics Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - A Reid
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, Edinburgh, EH25 9RG, Scotland, UK
| | - R B D'Eath
- Scotland's Rural College, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - T Boswell
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, England, UK
| | - I C Dunn
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, Edinburgh, EH25 9RG, Scotland, UK
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Shearer J, Gray C, Crawford G, Lobo R, Reid A. 4.10-P22HIV knowledge and use of health services among people born in sub-Saharan Africa and South East Asia living in Perth, Western Australia. Eur J Public Health 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky048.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - C Gray
- Curtin University, Australia
| | | | - R Lobo
- Curtin University, Australia
| | - A Reid
- Curtin University, Australia
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Mbokazi F, Coetzee M, Brooke B, Govere J, Reid A, Owiti P, Kosgei R, Zhou S, Magagula R, Kok G, Namboze J, Tweya H, Mabuza A. Changing distribution and abundance of the malaria vector Anopheles merus in Mpumalanga Province, South Africa. Public Health Action 2018; 8:S39-S43. [PMID: 29713593 DOI: 10.5588/pha.17.0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The malaria vector Anopheles merus occurs in the Mpumalanga Province of South Africa. As its contribution to malaria transmission in South Africa has yet to be ascertained, an intensification of surveillance is necessary to provide baseline information on this species. The aim of this study was therefore to map An. merus breeding sites in the Ehlanzeni District of Mpumalanga Province and to assess qualitative trends in the distribution and relative abundance of this species over a 9-year period. Methods: The study was carried out during the period 2005-2014 in the four high-risk municipalities of Ehlanzeni District. Fifty-two breeding sites were chosen from all water bodies that produced anopheline mosquitoes. The study data were extracted from historical entomological records that are captured monthly. Results: Of the 15 058 Anopheles mosquitoes collected, 64% were An. merus. The abundance and distribution of An. merus increased throughout the four municipalities in Ehlanzeni District during the study period. Conclusion: The expanded distribution and increased abundance of An. merus in the Ehlanzeni District may contribute significantly to locally acquired malaria in Mpumalanga Province, likely necessitating the incorporation of additional vector control methods specifically directed against populations of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mbokazi
- Malaria Elimination Programme, Mpumalanga Department of Health, Ehlanzeni District, Mpumalanga, South Africa
| | - M Coetzee
- Wits Research Institute for Malaria, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.,Vector Control Reference Laboratory, Centre for Emerging Zoonotic & Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - B Brooke
- Wits Research Institute for Malaria, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.,Vector Control Reference Laboratory, Centre for Emerging Zoonotic & Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - J Govere
- Wits Research Institute for Malaria, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - A Reid
- Operational Research Unit, Operational Centre Brussels, Medécins Sans Frontières, Luxembourg
| | - P Owiti
- Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH), Eldoret, Kenya
| | - R Kosgei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - S Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - R Magagula
- Malaria Elimination Programme, Mpumalanga Department of Health, Ehlanzeni District, Mpumalanga, South Africa
| | - G Kok
- Malaria Elimination Programme, Mpumalanga Department of Health, Ehlanzeni District, Mpumalanga, South Africa
| | - J Namboze
- World Health Organization, Regional Office for Africa Region, Asmara, Eritrea
| | - H Tweya
- The Lighthouse Trust, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - A Mabuza
- Malaria Elimination Programme, Mpumalanga Department of Health, Ehlanzeni District, Mpumalanga, South Africa
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Dlamini SV, Kosgei RJ, Mkhonta N, Zulu Z, Makadzange K, Zhou S, Owiti P, Sikhondze W, Namboze J, Reid A, Kunene S. Case management of malaria in Swaziland, 2011-2015: on track for elimination? Public Health Action 2018; 8:S3-S7. [PMID: 29713586 DOI: 10.5588/pha.17.0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To assess adherence to malaria diagnosis and treatment guidelines (2010 and 2014) in all health care facilities in Swaziland between 2011 and 2015. Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study involving all health care facilities that diagnosed and managed malaria cases in Swaziland. Patients' age, sex, diagnosis method and type of treatment were analysed. Results: Of 1981 records for severe and uncomplicated malaria analysed, 56% of cases were uncomplicated and 14% had severe malaria. The type of malaria was not recorded for 30% of cases. Approximately 71% of cases were confirmed by rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) alone, 3% by microscopy alone and 26% by both RDT and microscopy. Of the uncomplicated cases, 93% were treated with artemether-lumefantrine (AL) alone, 5% with quinine alone and 2% with AL and quinine. Amongst the severe cases, 11% were treated with AL alone, 44% with quinine alone and 45% with AL and quinine. For severe malaria, clinics and health centres prescribed AL alone more often than hospitals (respectively 13%, 12% and 4%, P = 0.03). Conclusion: RDTs and/or microscopy results are used at all facilities to inform treatment. Poor recording of malaria type causes difficulties in assessing the prescription of antimalarial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S V Dlamini
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Swaziland, Mbabane, Swaziland
| | - R J Kosgei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - N Mkhonta
- National Malaria Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Mbabane, Swaziland
| | - Z Zulu
- National Malaria Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Mbabane, Swaziland
| | - K Makadzange
- World Health Organization (WHO), Swaziland Country Office, Mbabane, Swaziland
| | - S Zhou
- National Institute for Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - P Owiti
- Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH), Eldoret, Kenya
| | - W Sikhondze
- National Tuberculosis Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Mbabane, Swaziland
| | - J Namboze
- WHO, African Regional Office and Inter-Country Support Team, Asmara, Eritrea
| | - A Reid
- Operational Research Unit, Operational Centre Brussels, Médecins Sans Frontières, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - S Kunene
- National Malaria Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Mbabane, Swaziland
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Furukawa M, McCaughan J, Stirling J, Millar BC, Bell J, Goldsmith CE, Reid A, Misawa N, Moore JE. Muddy puddles - the microbiology of puddles located outside tertiary university teaching hospitals. Lett Appl Microbiol 2018; 66:284-292. [PMID: 29377174 DOI: 10.1111/lam.12856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the British Isles, the frequency of rain results in the formation of puddles on footpaths and roads in/around hospitals. No data are available demonstrating the microbiological composition of such puddles and therefore a study was undertaken to examine the microbiology of puddles in the grounds of two tertiary university-teaching hospitals (18 sites) and compared with control puddles from non-hospital rural environments (eight sites), estimating (i) total viable count; (ii) identification of organisms in puddles; (iii) enumeration of Escherichia coli: (iv) detection of Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase producing organisms and (v) direct antimicrobial susceptibility testing. A mean count of 2·3 × 103 CFU per ml and 1·0 × 109 CFU per ml was obtained for hospital and non-hospital puddles respectively. Isolates (n = 77; 54 hospital and 23 non-hospital) were isolated comprising of 23 species among 17 genera (hospital sites), where the majority (10/16; 62·5%) of genera identified were Gram-negative approximately, a fifth (20·6%) were shared by hospital and non-hospital rural samples. Escherichia coli was detected in half of the hospital puddles and under-half (37·5%) of the rural puddles extended spectrum β-lactamase organisms were not detected in any samples examined. Rainwater puddles from the hospital and non-hospital environments contain a diverse range of bacteria, which are capable of causing infections. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study demonstrated the presence of a wide diversity of bacterial taxa associated with rainwater puddles around hospitals, many of which are capable of causing human disease. Of clinical significance is the presence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from a hospital puddle, particularly for patients with cystic fibrosis. The presence of potentially disease-causing bacteria in puddles in and around hospitals identifies a new potential environmental reservoir of bacteria. Furthermore work is now needed to define their potential of entering or exiting hospital wards by contaminated footwear.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Furukawa
- Northern Ireland Public Health Laboratory, Department of Bacteriology, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, UK.,Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University, Belfast, UK.,Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Department of Veterinary Medical Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - J McCaughan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, UK
| | - J Stirling
- Northern Ireland Public Health Laboratory, Department of Bacteriology, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, UK
| | - B C Millar
- Northern Ireland Public Health Laboratory, Department of Bacteriology, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, UK.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - J Bell
- Northern Ireland Regional Paediatric Cystic Fibrosis Centre, Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children, Royal Group of Hospital, Belfast, UK
| | - C E Goldsmith
- Northern Ireland Public Health Laboratory, Department of Bacteriology, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, UK.,Department of Medical Microbiology, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, UK
| | - A Reid
- Northern Ireland Regional Paediatric Cystic Fibrosis Centre, Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children, Royal Group of Hospital, Belfast, UK
| | - N Misawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Department of Veterinary Medical Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.,Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - J E Moore
- Northern Ireland Public Health Laboratory, Department of Bacteriology, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, UK.,Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University, Belfast, UK.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK.,Northern Ireland Regional Paediatric Cystic Fibrosis Centre, Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children, Royal Group of Hospital, Belfast, UK
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Kelly S, Noone P, Reid A. Screening for latent tuberculosis in UK health care workers. Occup Med (Lond) 2018; 68:72. [DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqx181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Kakinuma Y, Goldsmith CE, Watt A, Elborn JS, Maeda Y, Rendall JC, Hall V, McCaughan J, Reid A, Millar BC, Matsuda M, Moore JE. Molecular conservation within LES9F and PS21 Liverpool epidemic strain (LES) markers in wild-type clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from the sputum of adult patients with cystic fibrosis. Br J Biomed Sci 2018; 67:87-8. [DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2010.11978193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Kakinuma
- Northern Ireland Public Health Laboratory, Department of Bacteriology, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, School of Environmental Health Sciences, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - C. E. Goldsmith
- Northern Ireland Public Health Laboratory, Department of Bacteriology, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - A. Watt
- Northern Ireland Public Health Laboratory, Department of Bacteriology, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - J. S. Elborn
- Regional Adult Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Queen’s University of Belfast, Respiratory Medicine, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast
| | - Y. Maeda
- Northern Ireland Public Health Laboratory, Department of Bacteriology, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Molecular Biosciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine
| | - J. C. Rendall
- Regional Adult Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast
| | - V. Hall
- Regional Adult Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast
| | - J. McCaughan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Kelvin Building, The Royal Group of Hospitals, Belfast
| | - A. Reid
- The Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children, Royal Group of Hospitals, Grosvenor Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - B. C. Millar
- Children’s Medical Centre Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
| | - M. Matsuda
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, School of Environmental Health Sciences, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - J. E. Moore
- Northern Ireland Public Health Laboratory, Department of Bacteriology, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland
- The Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children, Royal Group of Hospitals, Grosvenor Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland
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Patrikidou A, Uccello M, Tree A, Parker C, Attard G, Eeles R, Khoo V, van As N, Huddart R, Dearnaley D, Reid A. Upfront Docetaxel in the Post-STAMPEDE World: Lessons from an Early Evaluation of Non-trial Usage in Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2017; 29:e174-e175. [PMID: 28652092 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Patrikidou
- Academic Uro-Oncology Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, UK; The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - M Uccello
- Academic Uro-Oncology Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, UK
| | - A Tree
- Academic Uro-Oncology Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, UK; The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - C Parker
- Academic Uro-Oncology Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, UK
| | - G Attard
- Academic Uro-Oncology Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, UK; The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - R Eeles
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK; Urology Oncology Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - V Khoo
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK; Urology Oncology Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - N van As
- Urology Oncology Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - R Huddart
- Academic Uro-Oncology Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, UK; The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - D Dearnaley
- Academic Uro-Oncology Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, UK; The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - A Reid
- Academic Uro-Oncology Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, UK
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Nombela Blanco P, Lozano Mejorada R, Lorente Estelles D, Reid A, Romero Laorden N, Attard G, Cendón Flórez Y, Mateo J, Sandhu S, Massard C, Montesa A, Flohr P, Sáez M, Pacheco M, Castro Marcos E, de Bono J, Olmos Hidalgo D. Exploratory study of CK-M30 and pHH3 expression in Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs) as biomarkers of docetaxel (DOC) efficacy in metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx390.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Thiery-Vuillemin A, Poulsen M, Reid A, Lagneau E, Ploussard G, Birtle A, Dourthe L, Beal-Ardisson D, Pintus E, Trepiakas R, Lukac M, Van Sanden S, Dearden L. Initial results from AQUARiUS, a prospective, observational, multi-centre phase IV study assessing patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients (pts) treated with abiraterone acetate plus prednisone (AAP) or enzalutamide (ENZ). Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx370.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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