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Baechle C, Eckert A, Kamrath C, Neu A, Manuwald U, Thiele-Schmitz S, Weidler O, Knauer-Fischer S, Rosenbauer J, Holl RW. Incidence and presentation of new-onset type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents from Germany during the COVID-19 pandemic 2020 and 2021: Current data from the DPV Registry. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023; 197:110559. [PMID: 36758641 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To determine whether the incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D), autoantibody-negative diabetes, and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at diabetes onset in 2020 and 2021 changed when compared to long-standing trends. METHODS Our study is based on diabetes manifestation data of the 0.5-<18-year-old children/adolescents from the German multicenter Diabetes Prospective Follow-up Registry. Based on long-term pre-pandemic trends from 2011 to 2019, we estimated adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRR) for T1D and DKA, and prevalence rate ratios (PRR) regarding autoantibody status with 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for the years 2020 and 2021 (observed versus predicted rates), using multivariable negative binomial or beta-binomial regression, respectively. RESULTS We analyzed data of 30,840 children and adolescents with new-onset T1D. The observed incidences were significantly higher than the predicted incidences (IRR2020 1.13 [1.08-1.19]; IRR2021 1.20 [1.15-1.26]). The prevalence of autoantibody-negative diabetes did not change (PRR2020 0.91 [0.75-1.10]; PRR2021 1.03 [0.86-1.24]). The incidence of DKA during the pandemic was higher than predicted (IRR2020 1.34 [1.23-1.46]; IRR2021 1.37 [1.26-1.49]). CONCLUSIONS An increase in the incidences of T1D and DKA, but not of autoantibody-negative diabetes was observed during both pandemic years. Further monitoring and efforts for DKA prevention at onset are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Baechle
- German Diabetes Center, Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - A Eckert
- University of Ulm, Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, ZIBMT, Albert-Einstein-Allee 41, D-89081 Ulm, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - C Kamrath
- Justus Liebig University, Center of Child and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Feulgenstraße 10-12, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - A Neu
- University Hospital Tübingen, Clinic for Paediatrics and Youth Medicine, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 1, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - U Manuwald
- Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Medicine "Carl Gustav Carus", Institute and Policlinic of Occupational and Social Medicine, Health Sciences/Public Health, Fetscherstraße 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany.
| | - S Thiele-Schmitz
- St. Louise Women's and Children's Hospital, Diabetes Center for Children and Adolescents, Husener Straße 81, D-33098 Paderborn, Germany.
| | - O Weidler
- Elbe Kliniken Stade - Buxtehude, Bremervörder Straße 111, D-21682 Stade, Germany.
| | - S Knauer-Fischer
- University Hospital Mannheim, Clinic for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1, D-368167 Mannheim, Germany.
| | - J Rosenbauer
- German Diabetes Center, Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - R W Holl
- University of Ulm, Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, ZIBMT, Albert-Einstein-Allee 41, D-89081 Ulm, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany.
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Carrato K, Jain N, Eckert A, Lamberti M, Sutton C, Sens J, Horton K, Khan A, Tabori N, Sivananthan G, Smirniotopoulos J. Abstract No. 120 Genicular Nerve Radiofrequency Ablation: Is There a Predictor of Outcomes? J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.12.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
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Vanicek T, Kranz GS, Vyssoki B, Komorowski A, Fugger G, Höflich A, Micskei Z, Milovic S, Lanzenberger R, Eckert A, Kasper S, Frey R. Repetitive enhancement of serum BDNF subsequent to continuation ECT. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2019; 140:426-434. [PMID: 31369144 PMCID: PMC6856812 DOI: 10.1111/acps.13080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Continuation electroconvulsive therapy (c-ECT) is highly effective for the prevention of depressive symptom relapse. There is a lack of understanding, about how c-ECT works in humans, particularly with regard to its effects on brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentrations. Here, we aimed to close a gap in the literature by evaluating BDNF levels in patients receiving c-ECT. METHODS We included 13 patients with either unipolar or bipolar depression (mean age ± SD: 55.5 ± 17.1; f/m: 10/3; unipolar/bipolar: 10/3) who received between one and four c-ECT (average per patient: 2.8). Serum BDNF (sBDNF) levels were assessed before and after each c-ECT sessions. Clinical assessments were also administered both before and after treatment. RESULTS Our analysis revealed a significant increase in sBDNF after each treatment (c-ECT 1-3: P < 0.001, c-ECT 4: P = 0.018). The application of multiple c-ECT treatments was not, however, associated with further sBDNF enhancements. Psychometric scores were not significantly altered following c-ECT. DISCUSSION An increase in sBDNF concentrations subsequent to c-ECT parallel data from the animal literature, which has linked regularly applied electrical stimulation to neuroplastic processes. This finding suggests a relationship between ECT-induced sBDNF concentrations and (sustained) remission status, considering a stable clinical condition across c-ECT.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Vanicek
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - G. S. Kranz
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Department of Rehabilitation SciencesThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomHong Kong
- The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive SciencesThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong
| | - B. Vyssoki
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - A. Komorowski
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - G. Fugger
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - A. Höflich
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Z. Micskei
- Departments of AnesthesiaCritical Care and Pain MedicineMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - S. Milovic
- Departments of AnesthesiaCritical Care and Pain MedicineMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - R. Lanzenberger
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - A. Eckert
- Neurobiology Laboratory for Brain Aging and Mental Health, Transfaculty Research Platform Molecular & Cognitive Neuroscience (MCN)University of BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - S. Kasper
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - R. Frey
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
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Mikoteit T, Kurath J, Hartmann F, Ackermann S, Papassotiropoulos A, Holsboer-Trachsler E, Eckert A. In healthy young men the eveningness chronotype was associated with lower serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor. PHARMACOPSYCHIATRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1606400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Mikoteit
- Psychiatric Clinics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - J Kurath
- Department of Psychology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - F Hartmann
- Department of Psychology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - S Ackermann
- Department of Psychology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - A Eckert
- Psychiatric Clinics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Bussen S, Eckert A, Schmidt U, Sütterlin M. Comparison of Conservative and Surgical Therapy Concepts for Synechia of the Labia in Pre-Pubertal Girls. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2016; 76:390-395. [PMID: 27134294 DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1558101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the primary and secondary therapeutic successes of different therapy schemes for the treatment of synechia of the labia in pre-pubertal girls. Materials and Methods: The treatment courses of 47 pre-pubertal girls who were treated between February 2007 and February 2013 in the special outpatient clinic for paediatric gynaecology of a department for gynaecology at a German university hospital and for whom information on the course of the disease was available for at least the six months following end of the treatment. 23 of these children were treated with a topical estriol therapy (treatment group A). For 24 of the girls a manual separation of the adhering labia minora was undertaken (treatment group B). Statistical evaluation was performed using the χ2 test, Fischer's exact test and the Mann-Whitney U test. Results: For 18 of the 23 (80 %) girls in treatment group A topical estriol therapy alone led to a resolution of the synechia. Five of these 23 children (20 %) required a secondary manual separation. All girls for whom treatment was not successful were under 5 years of age. For all 24 girls (100 %) of treatment group B the primary manual separation was performed with success. The recurrence rates after ≥ 6 months in cases with identical after-care did not differ between the two treatment groups (treatment group A: 34 %, treatment group B: 33 %, χ2 test: p = 0.853). 16 of the 17 recurrences occurred ≥ 3 months after the end of the therapy. Conclusion: Our results show that for children < 5 years of age a 4-week topical therapy with estriol is a promising therapy option for synechia of the labia that is less of a burden for the family situation. Especially for girls ≥ 5 years of age, primary therapy fails in up to 20 % of the cases. Primary manual separation represents a more effective therapeutic option. Irrespective of the treatment applied, a recurrence after ≥ 3 must be expected in one-third of the treated girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bussen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Mannheim, Mannheim
| | - A Eckert
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Mannheim, Mannheim
| | - U Schmidt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Mannheim, Mannheim
| | - M Sütterlin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Mannheim, Mannheim
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Eckert A, Mikoteit T, Beck J, Hemmeter U, Brand S, Schmitt K, Bischof R, Delini-Stula A, Holsboer-Trachsler E. Assessment of mature serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is not superior to total serum BDNF in prediction of antidepressant treatment outcome. Eur Psychiatry 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundSerum BDNF levels are decreased in major depressive disorder (MDD) and tend to normalize under antidepressant treatment, serving as a treatment outcome predictor. BDNF is initially synthetized as precursor protein proBDNF and is cleaved to mature BDNF (mBDNF) while only the latter exerts neurotrophic activity.AimThe aim was to explore if a specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit for mBDNF in serum would be superior to the unspecific assessment of total serum BDNF in predicting treatment response in MDD.MethodsTwenty-five patients with MDD underwent standardized treatment with duloxetine. Severity of depression was measured by Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) at baseline (BL), after one (W1), two (W2) and six weeks (W6) of treatment. Treatment response was defined as a HDRS ≥ 50% reduction of BL score at W6. mBDNF and total BDNF serum levels were determined at BL, W1 and W2.ResultsA high and stable correlation was found between mBDNF and total BDNF serum levels over all measurements. The predictive value of mBDNF BL levels and mBDNFΔW1 to response was similar to that of total BDNF BL and total BDNFΔW1. The assessment of serum mBDNF was not superior to total BDNF in prediction of treatment outcome.ConclusionsNot only baseline total BDNF but also mBDNF is predictive to treatment outcome. The later might represent the main player in this respect, which supports the idea of a functional link between neuroplasticity and MDD.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Eckert A, Rehak M, vom Brocke GA, Maier AK, Joussen AM, Winterhalter S. Behandlung des Makulaödems im klinischen Alltag: Eine Ranibizumab-Dexamethason-Vergleichsstudie. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1569199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Mikoteit T, Beck J, Hemmeter U, Brand S, Bischof R, Delini-Stula A, Holsboer-Trachsler E, Eckert A. Assessment of serum levels of mature brain-derived neurotrophic factor (mBDNF) is not superior to total (tot)BDNF in prediction of antidepressant treatment outcome. Pharmacopsychiatry 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1557977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Abstract
The lousy disease (phthiriasis) and its potentially deadly consequences is well attested from antiquity until the 19th century. Intensely itching, vesicular or tumorous skin lesions defile the body and release swarms of insects spontaneously or after incision. Several well-known persons from antiquity and the early modern period are supposed to have died of the lousy disease. Both classicists and physicians have questioned the credibility of said accounts. By means of our interdisciplinary approach based on an analysis of different descriptions of the lousy disease from antiquity to the 19th century, this paper will present strong arguments for the existence of a potentially lethal form of phthiriasis. In contrast to its name, the lousy disease was most likely caused by a species of mites, similar to the one causing cystic subepidermal tumors in birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Bahmer
- Privatpraxis für Dermatologie, Sögestraße 55-57, 28195, Bremen, Deutschland,
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Nimmrich V, Eckert A. Calcium channel blockers and dementia. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 169:1203-10. [PMID: 23638877 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Degenerative dementia is mainly caused by Alzheimer's disease and/or cerebrovascular abnormalities. Disturbance of the intracellular calcium homeostasis is central to the pathophysiology of neurodegeneration. In Alzheimer's disease, enhanced calcium load may be brought about by extracellular accumulation of amyloid-β. Recent studies suggest that soluble forms facilitate influx through calcium-conducting ion channels in the plasma membrane, leading to excitotoxic neurodegeneration. Calcium channel blockade attenuates amyloid-β-induced neuronal decline in vitro and is neuroprotective in animal models. Vascular dementia, on the other hand, is caused by cerebral hypoperfusion and may benefit from calcium channel blockade due to relaxation of the cerebral vasculature. Several calcium channel blockers have been tested in clinical trials of dementia and the outcome is heterogeneous. Nimodipine as well as nilvadipine prevent cognitive decline in some trials, whereas other calcium channel blockers failed. In trials with a positive outcome, BP reduction did not seem to play a role in preventing dementia, indicating a direct protecting effect on neurons. An optimization of calcium channel blockers for the treatment of dementia may involve an increase of selectivity for presynaptic calcium channels and an improvement of the affinity to the inactivated state. Novel low molecular weight compounds suitable for proof-of-concept studies are now available.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Nimmrich
- Neuroscience Research, GPRD, AbbVie GmbH, Ludwigshafen, Germany.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Giese
- Neurobiology Laboratory for Brain Aging and Mental Health, Psychiatric University Clinics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - E Unternährer
- Division of Cognitive Psychology and Methodology, Department of Psychology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland,Division of Clinical Psychology and Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - H Hüttig
- Division of Cognitive Psychology and Methodology, Department of Psychology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - J Beck
- Center for Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - S Brand
- Center for Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - P Calabrese
- Division of Cognitive Psychology and Methodology, Department of Psychology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - E Holsboer-Trachsler
- Center for Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - A Eckert
- Neurobiology Laboratory for Brain Aging and Mental Health, Psychiatric University Clinics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland,E-mail:
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Giese M, Beck J, Brand S, Muheim F, Hatzinger M, Holsboer-Trachsler E, Eckert A. Increase of serum BDNF level in depressive patients identifies therapy response and correlates with mood improvement. Pharmacopsychiatry 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1292478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Brockhoff M, Eckert A. Stress and related effects on mitochondrial performance and function. Pharmacopsychiatry 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1292453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Meister L, Alawam K, Dudley E, Taurines R, Müller SE, Walter M, Höppner J, Teipel S, Donev RM, Eckert A, Wiesbeck GA, Thome J. Pilot study of the application of magnetic bead protein profiling to the study of biomarkers in addiction research. World J Biol Psychiatry 2011; 12 Suppl 1:80-4. [PMID: 21906001 DOI: 10.3109/15622975.2011.598712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Proteomic technologies based on mass spectrometry are increasingly used as a valuable tool in clinical research allowing high-throughput protein and peptide profiling to be undertaken. Whilst previous research has focussed the application of this novel technology on the study of patients with disorders compared to comparable individuals from the healthy population, this current study seeks to determine the effect of successful treatment for alcoholism on the serum protein profile obtained. METHODS Serum samples were collected from patients after initial treatment for alcohol abuse and also 6 months after treatment. The serum samples were prepared for analysis using reverse phase magnetic bead fractionation and the resulting peptides analysed by matrix assisted laser desorption ionisation time-of-flight (MALDI-ToF) mass spectrometry. RESULTS Whilst the majority of the peptides detected by this approach exhibited constant levels between the two time points, three peptides were elevated at the 6-month time point compared to the initial sampling. CONCLUSIONS Whilst disorders with very clear biological causes (such as cancer) exhibit significantly different peptide profiles, psychiatric disorders such as alcohol addiction which are multifactorial show less obvious changes. Despite this the two groups of samples could statistically be distinguished by certain peptides expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Meister
- Division of Substance Use Disorders, Psychiatric Hospital of University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Seyhan AA, Varadarajan U, Choe S, Liu Y, McGraw J, Woods M, Murray S, Eckert A, Liu W, Ryan TE. A genome-wide RNAi screen identifies novel targets of neratinib sensitivity leading to neratinib and paclitaxel combination drug treatments. Mol Biosyst 2011; 7:1974-89. [PMID: 21487605 DOI: 10.1039/c0mb00294a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
ErbB2 is frequently activated in tumors, and influences a wide array of cellular functions, including proliferation, apoptosis, cell motility and adhesion. HKI-272 (neratinib) is a small molecule pan-kinase inhibitor of the ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases, and shows strong antiproliferative activity in ErbB2-overexpressing breast cancer cells. We undertook a genome-wide pooled lentiviral RNAi screen to identify synthetic lethal or enhancer (synthetic modulator screen) genes that interact with neratinib in a human breast cancer cell line (SKBR-3). These genes upon knockdown would modulate cell viability in the presence of subeffective concentrations of neratinib. We discovered a diverse set of genes whose depletion selectively impaired or enhanced the viability of SKBR-3 cells in the presence of neratinib. We observed diverse pathways including EGFR, hypoxia, cAMP, and protein ubiquitination that, when co-treated with RNAi and neratinib, resulted in arrest of cell proliferation. Examining the changes of these genes and their protein products also led to a rationale for clinically relevant drug combination treatments. Treatment of cells with either paclitaxel or cytarabine in combination with neratinib resulted in a strong antiproliferative effect. The identification of novel mediators of cellular response to neratinib and the development of potential drug combination treatments have expanded our understanding of neratinib's mode-of-action for the development of more effective therapeutic regimens. Notably, our findings support a paclitaxel and neratinib phase III clinical trial in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila A Seyhan
- Systems Biology, Global Biotherapeutics, Pfizer Inc., 87 Cambridgepark Drive, Cambridge, MA 02140, USA.
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Dashkevich A, Kiss J, Heilmann C, Eckert A, Foerster K, Schlensak C, Beyersdorf F, Geissler HJ. Microangiogenesis in syngeneic and allogeneic heart transplantation in rat: The impact of acute allograft rejection on lymph- and hemangiogenesis. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1268967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Cumbie WP, Eckert A, Wegrzyn J, Whetten R, Neale D, Goldfarb B. Association genetics of carbon isotope discrimination, height and foliar nitrogen in a natural population of Pinus taeda L. Heredity (Edinb) 2011; 107:105-14. [PMID: 21245892 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2010.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Loblolly pine, Pinus taeda L., is one of the most widely planted, commercially and ecologically important tree species in North America. We took an association genetics approach, using an unimproved population of 380 clonally replicated unrelated trees, to test 3,938 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in as many genes for association with phenotypic variation in carbon isotope discrimination, foliar nitrogen concentration and total tree height after two growing seasons. Best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) was used with a spatial adjustment to remove environmental variation from phenotypic data derived from a common garden experiment. After correction for multiple testing, a total of 14 SNPs were associated with the traits of carbon isotope discrimination (n = 7), height (n = 1) and foliar nitrogen concentration (n = 6) using 380 clones. Tails of the population phenotypic distribution were compared for allele frequency differences, revealing 10 SNPs with allele frequency in at least one tail significantly different from the overall population. Eight associated SNPs were in sequences similar to known genes, such as an AP2 transcription factor related to carbon isotope discrimination and glutamate decarboxylase associated with foliar nitrogen concentration, and others were from unknown genes without homologs in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- W P Cumbie
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8002, USA.
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Benson N, Bronnert J, Eckert A, Elliott S, Johnson D, Lefert C, Maupin M, Michau MA, Tormey MB, Young C. ICD-9-CM coding guidance for LTC facilities. J AHIMA 2010; 81:66-70. [PMID: 21043406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
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Kurz C, Ungerer I, Lipka U, Kirr S, Schütt T, Eckert A, Leuner K, Müller WE. The metabolic enhancer piracetam ameliorates the impairment of mitochondrial function and neurite outgrowth induced by beta-amyloid peptide. Br J Pharmacol 2010; 160:246-57. [PMID: 20218980 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.00656.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE beta-Amyloid peptide (Abeta) is implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease by initiating a cascade of events from mitochondrial dysfunction to neuronal death. The metabolic enhancer piracetam has been shown to improve mitochondrial dysfunction following brain aging and experimentally induced oxidative stress. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We used cell lines (PC12 and HEK cells) and murine dissociated brain cells. The protective effects of piracetam in vitro and ex vivo on Abeta-induced impairment of mitochondrial function (as mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP production), on secretion of soluble Abeta and on neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells were investigated. KEY RESULTS Piracetam improves mitochondrial function of PC12 cells and acutely dissociated brain cells from young NMRI mice following exposure to extracellular Abeta(1-42). Similar protective effects against Abeta(1-42) were observed in dissociated brain cells from aged NMRI mice, or mice transgenic for mutant human amyloid precursor protein (APP) treated with piracetam for 14 days. Soluble Abeta load was markedly diminished in the brain of those animals after treatment with piracetam. Abeta production by HEK cells stably transfected with mutant human APP was elevated by oxidative stress and this was reduced by piracetam. Impairment of neuritogenesis is an important consequence of Abeta-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and Abeta-induced reduction of neurite growth in PC12 cells was substantially improved by piracetam. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Our findings strongly support the concept of improving mitochondrial function as an approach to ameliorate the detrimental effects of Abeta on brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Kurz
- Department of Pharmacology, Biocenter, University Frankfurt/M, Germany
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Hauptmann S, Scherping I, Dröse S, Brandt U, Schulz K, Jendrach M, Leuner K, Eckert A, Müller W. Mitochondrial dysfunction: An early event in Alzheimer pathology accumulates with age in AD transgenic mice. Neurobiol Aging 2009; 30:1574-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2007.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 286] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2007] [Revised: 12/03/2007] [Accepted: 12/05/2007] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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22
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Leuner K, Pantel J, Schulz K, Schütt T, Lipka U, Eckert A, Müller WE. Mitochondrial dysfunction in lymphocytes – a potential biomarker for Alzheimer's disease. Pharmacopsychiatry 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1240166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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23
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Rhein V, Baysang G, Rao S, Meier F, Tripodi T, Giese M, Hamburger M, Müller-Spahn F, Eckert A. Ginkgo biloba extract restores amyloid-beta induced mitochondrial deficits. Pharmacopsychiatry 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1240204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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24
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Danielyan L, Schäfer R, Schulz A, Ladewig T, Lourhmati A, Buadze M, Schmitt AL, Verleysdonk S, Kabisch D, Koeppen K, Siegel G, Proksch B, Kluba T, Eckert A, Köhle C, Schöneberg T, Northoff H, Schwab M, Gleiter CH. Survival, neuron-like differentiation and functionality of mesenchymal stem cells in neurotoxic environment: the critical role of erythropoietin. Cell Death Differ 2009; 16:1599-614. [PMID: 19609278 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2009.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can ameliorate symptoms in several neurodegenerative diseases. However, the toxic environment of a degenerating central nervous system (CNS) characterized by hypoxia, glutamate (Glu) excess and amyloid beta (Abeta) pathology may hamper the survival and regenerative/replacing capacities of engrafted stem cells. Indeed, human MSC (hMSC) exposed to hypoxia were disabled in (i) the capacity of their muscarinic receptors (mAChRs) to respond to acetylcholine (ACh) with a transient increase in intracellular [Ca(2+)], (ii) their capacity to metabolize Glu, reflected by a strong decrease in glutamine synthetase activity, and (iii) their survival on exposure to Glu. Cocultivation of MSC with PC12 cells expressing the amyloid precursor protein gene (APPsw-PC12) increased the release of IL-6 from MSC. HMSC exposed to erythropoietin (EPO) showed a cholinergic neuron-like phenotype reflected by increased cellular levels of choline acetyltransferase, ACh and mAChR. All their functional deficits observed under hypoxia, Glu exposure and APPsw-PC12 cocultivation were reversed by the application of EPO, which increased the expression of Wnt3a. EPO also enhanced the metabolism of Abeta in MSC by increasing their neprilysin content. Our data show that cholinergic neuron-like differentiation of MSC, their functionality and resistance to a neurotoxic environment is regulated and can be improved by EPO, highlighting its potential for optimizing cellular therapies of the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Danielyan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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25
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Eckert A, Schoeffler A, Dalle S, Phan A, Kiakouama L, Thomas L. Anti-CTLA4 Monoclonal Antibody Induced Sarcoidosis in a Metastatic Melanoma Patient. Dermatology 2009; 218:69-70. [DOI: 10.1159/000161122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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26
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Eckert A, Lautner M, Schütze A, Block-Veras R, Bilkenroth U, Schubert J. P.321 Hypoxic proflle in oral squamous cell carcinomas. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1010-5182(08)72109-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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27
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Schaeffer V, Patte-Mensah C, Eckert A, Mensah-Nyagan A. Selective regulation of neurosteroid biosynthesis in human neuroblastoma cells under hydrogen peroxide–induced oxidative stress condition. Neuroscience 2008; 151:758-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2007] [Revised: 11/15/2007] [Accepted: 11/30/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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28
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Leuner K, Pantel J, Frey C, Schindowski K, Schulz K, Wegat T, Maurer K, Eckert A, Müller WE. Enhanced apoptosis, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in lymphocytes as potential biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease. J Neural Transm Suppl 2007:207-15. [PMID: 17982897 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-211-73574-9_27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common progressive neurodegenerative disease. Today, AD affects millions of people worldwide and the number of AD cases will increase with increased life expectancy. The AD brain is marked by severe neurodegeneration like the loss of synapses and neurons, atrophy and depletion of neurotransmitter systems in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex. Recent findings suggest that these pathological changes are causally induced by mitochondrial dysfunction, increased oxidative stress and elevated apoptosis. Until now, AD cannot be diagnosed by a valid clinical method or a biomarker before the disease has progressed so far that dementia is present. Furthermore, no valid method is available to determine which patient with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) will progress to AD. Therefore, a correct diagnosis in the early stage of AD is not only of importance considering that early drug treatment is more effective but also that the psychological burden of the patients and relatives could be decreased. In this review, we discuss the potential role of elevated apoptosis, increased oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction as biomarker for AD in a peripheral cell model, the lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Leuner
- Zafes, Biocenter, Department of Pharmacology, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
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29
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Gdynia G, Grund K, Eckert A, Bock BC, Funke B, Macher-Goeppinger S, Sieber S, Herold-Mende C, Wiestler B, Wiestler OD, Roth W. Basal Caspase Activity Promotes Migration and Invasiveness in Glioblastoma Cells. Mol Cancer Res 2007; 5:1232-40. [DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-07-0343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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30
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Caggiano TJ, Brazzale A, Ho DM, Kraml CM, Trybulski E, Chadwick CC, Chippari S, Borges-Marcucci L, Eckert A, Keith JC, Kenney T, Harnish DC. Estrogen Receptor Dependent Inhibitors of NF-κB Transcriptional Activation-1 Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Substituted 2-Cyanopropanoic Acid Derivatives: Pathway Selective Inhibitors of NF-κB, a Potential Treatment for Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Med Chem 2007; 50:5245-8. [PMID: 17902637 DOI: 10.1021/jm701013k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Pathway selective ligands of the estrogen receptor inhibit transcriptional activation of proinflammatory genes mediated by NF-kappaB. Substituted 2-cyanopropanoic acid derivatives were developed leading to the discovery of WAY-204688, an orally active, pathway selective, estrogen receptor dependent anti-inflammatory agent. This propanamide was shown to be orally active in preclinical models of inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, without the proliferative effect associated with traditional estrogens.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Animals
- Animals, Genetically Modified
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/chemical synthesis
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/chemistry
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/pharmacology
- Antirheumatic Agents/chemical synthesis
- Antirheumatic Agents/chemistry
- Antirheumatic Agents/pharmacology
- Arthritis, Experimental/drug therapy
- Arthritis, Experimental/pathology
- Cell Line
- Creatine Kinase/metabolism
- Crystallography, X-Ray
- Estrogen Receptor alpha/genetics
- Estrogen Receptor alpha/physiology
- Estrogen Receptor beta/genetics
- Estrogen Receptor beta/physiology
- Humans
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/drug therapy
- Luciferases/genetics
- Mice
- NF-kappa B/antagonists & inhibitors
- NF-kappa B/biosynthesis
- NF-kappa B/genetics
- Nitriles/chemical synthesis
- Nitriles/chemistry
- Nitriles/pharmacology
- Propionates/chemical synthesis
- Propionates/chemistry
- Propionates/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred Lew
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Stereoisomerism
- Structure-Activity Relationship
- Transcriptional Activation
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Caggiano
- Chemical and Screening Sciences, Wyeth Research, CN 8000, Princeton, New Jersey 08540-8000, USA.
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31
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Pagani L, Waldmeier L, Meier F, Izakovic J, Cajochen C, Wirz-Justice A, Brown SA, Eckert A. Molecular circadian rhythms in humans: effects of age. Pharmacopsychiatry 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-991843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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32
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Rhein V, Baysang G, Meier F, Ozmen L, Bluethmann H, Savaskan E, Müller-Spahn F, Czech C, Götz J, Eckert A. Mitochondrial failure in a transgenic mice model of Alzheimer's disease with plaques and tangles. Pharmacopsychiatry 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-991813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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33
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Eckert A, Böck BC, Tagscherer KE, Haas TL, Grund K, Sykora J, Herold-Mende C, Ehemann V, Hollstein M, Chneiweiss H, Wiestler OD, Walczak H, Roth W. The PEA-15/PED protein protects glioblastoma cells from glucose deprivation-induced apoptosis via the ERK/MAP kinase pathway. Oncogene 2007; 27:1155-66. [PMID: 17700518 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1210732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
PEA-15 (phosphoprotein enriched in astrocytes 15 kDa) is a death effector domain-containing protein, which is involved in the regulation of apoptotic cell death. Since PEA-15 is highly expressed in cells of glial origin, we studied the role of PEA-15 in human malignant brain tumors. Immunohistochemical analysis of PEA-15 expression shows strong immunoreactivity in astrocytomas and glioblastomas. Phosphorylation of PEA-15 at Ser(116) is found in vivo in perinecrotic areas in glioblastomas and in vitro after glucose deprivation of glioblastoma cells. Overexpression of PEA-15 induces a marked resistance against glucose deprivation-induced apoptosis, whereas small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated downregulation of endogenous PEA-15 results in the sensitization to glucose withdrawal-mediated cell death. This antiapoptotic activity of PEA-15 under low glucose conditions depends on its phosphorylation at Ser(116). Moreover, siRNA-mediated knockdown of PEA-15 abolishes the tumorigenicity of U87MG glioblastoma cells in vivo. PEA-15 regulates the level of phosphorylated extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 in glioblastoma cells and the PEA-15-dependent protection from glucose deprivation-induced cell death requires ERK1/2 signaling. PEA-15 transcriptionally upregulates the Glucose Transporter 3, which is abrogated by the inhibition of ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Taken together, our findings suggest that Ser(116)-phosphorylated PEA-15 renders glioma cells resistant to glucose deprivation-mediated cell death as encountered in poor microenvironments, for example in perinecrotic areas of glioblastomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Eckert
- Molecular Neuro-Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg, Germany
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34
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Roth W, Eckert A, Böck B, Schirmacher P, Wiestler OD. [The PEA-15 protein induces resistance against glucose deprivation-induced cell death via the ERK/MAP kinase pathway]. Verh Dtsch Ges Pathol 2007; 91:343-350. [PMID: 18314633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
PEA-15 (Phosphoprotein enriched in astrocytes 15 kD) is a death effector domain-containing protein, which is involved in the regulation of apoptotic cell death. Since PEA-15 is highly expressed in cells of glial origin, we studied the role of PEA-15 in human malignant brain tumors. Immunohistochemical analysis of PEA-15 expression shows strong immunoreactivity in astrocytomas and glioblastomas. Phosphorylation of PEA-15 at Ser116 is found in vivo in perinecrotic areas in glioblastomas and in vitro after glucose deprivation of glioblastoma cells. Overexpression of PEA-15 induces a marked resistance against glucose deprivation-induced apoptosis, whereas siRNA-mediated down-regulation of endogenous PEA-15 results in the sensitization to glucose withdrawal-mediated cell death. This anti-apoptotic activity of PEA-15 under low glucose conditions depends on its phosphorylation at Ser116 Moreover, siRNA-mediated knockdown of PEA-15 abolishes the tumorigenicity of U87MG glioblastoma cells in vivo. PEA-15 regulates the level of phosphorylated ERK1/2 in glioblastoma cells and the PEA-15-dependent protection from glucose deprivation-induced cell death requires ERK1/2 signaling. PEA-15 transcriptionally up-regulates the glucose transporter 3, which is abrogated by the inhibition of ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Taken together, our findings suggest that Ser116-phosphorylated PEA-15 renders glioma cells resistant to glucose deprivation-mediated cell death as encountered in poor microenvironments, e.g. in perinecrotic areas of glioblastomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Roth
- Pathologisches Institut, Universitäisklinikum Heidelberg
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35
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Schindowski K, Peters J, Gorriz C, Schramm U, Weinandi T, Leutner S, Maurer K, Frölich L, Müller WE, Eckert A. Apoptosis of CD4+ T and Natural Killer Cells in Alzheimer's Disease. Pharmacopsychiatry 2006; 39:220-8. [PMID: 17124644 DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-954591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunotherapy appears to be a potent treatment against Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the mechanisms underlying neural-immune interaction are still not known. METHODS Here, we determined cell death and distribution of lymphocyte subsets of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in AD and aging, e.g. T (CD4+ CD3+, CD8+ CD3+), B (CD19+) and NK (CD16++CD56+) cells. RESULTS Increased apoptosis was found in CD4+ T and NK cells in AD, while in aging all subsets were affected. The expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl2 correlated with observed cell death in T-helper and B cells irrespective of dementia. The levels of Bcl2 in T-cells were significantly increased in mild AD. Apoptosis and Bcl2 levels were also elevated in the APP (751SL)xPS1 (M146L) transgenic mouse model. CONCLUSION The mechanisms triggering apoptosis and activation of lymphocytes in AD appear therefore to be different than those in immunosenescence and possibly bear an important biomarker to monitor immunotherapy in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Schindowski
- Institute of Pharmacology, Biocenter, Johann Wolfgang-Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.
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36
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Brunner P, Sözer-Topcular N, Jockers R, Ravid R, Angeloni D, Fraschini F, Eckert A, Müller-Spahn F, Savaskan E. Pineal and cortical melatonin receptors MT1 and MT2 are decreased in Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Histochem 2006; 50:311-6. [PMID: 17213040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The pineal hormone melatonin is involved in physiological transduction of temporal information from the light dark cycle to circadian and seasonal behavioural rhythms, as well as possessing neuroprotective properties. Melatonin and its receptors MT1 and MT2, which belong to the family of G protein-coupled receptors, are impaired in Alzheimer's disease (AD) with severe consequences to neuropathology and clinical symptoms. The present data provides the first immunohistochemical evidence for the cellular localization of the both melatonin receptors in the human pineal gland and occipital cortex, and demonstrates their alterations in AD. We localized MT1 and MT2 in the pineal gland and occipital cortex of 7 elderly controls and 11 AD patients using immunohistochemistry with peroxidase-staining. In the pineal gland both MT1 and MT2 were localized to pinealocytes, whereas in the cortex both receptors were expressed in some pyramidal and non-pyramidal cells. In patients with AD, parallel to degenerative tissue changes, there was an overall decrease in the intensity of receptors in both brain regions. In line with our previous findings, melatonin receptor expression in AD is impaired in two additional brain areas, and may contribute to disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Brunner
- Psychiatric University Clinics, Basel, Switzerland
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37
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Eckert A, Burdorf A, Engelke K, Jung M, Schlegel M, Vogt C. Kriterien zur Werkzeugauswahl für das Reliability Modeling von Produktionsnetzwerken in der chemischen Industrie. CHEM-ING-TECH 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.200650347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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38
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Vogt C, Brosig G, Eckert A, Engelke K, Jung M, Schlegel M. Wertmanagement mit Materialflussanalyse: Ein Beispiel, wie moderne Ingenieurtechnik unternehmerisches Handeln unterstützt. CHEM-ING-TECH 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.200650349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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39
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Frey C, Bonert A, Kratzsch T, Rexroth G, Rösch W, Müller-Spahn F, Maurer K, Müller WE, Eckert A. Apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 is associated with an increased vulnerability to cell death in Alzheimer’s disease. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2006; 113:1753-61. [PMID: 16736246 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-006-0481-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2005] [Accepted: 03/13/2006] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The presumption to suffer from Alzheimer's disease (AD) accelerates with aging. One important risk factor seems to be the isoform epsilon 4 of the apolipoprotein E gene (Apo epsilon 4), which increases the risk to develop AD at an earlier age. Furthermore, convincing evidence is provided that apoptotic cell death mechanisms play an important role in neuronal cell death in AD. In the present study, we investigated whether abnormalities in apoptosis and caspase-3 activity can be found at the level of lymphocytes and a T cell subtype, CD4 T cells, from AD patients compared to aged sex- and ApoE genotype-matched non-demented controls. Under different experimental conditions (at baseline or after in vitro incubation in the presence of proapoptotic stimuli) increased levels of apoptosis and enhanced caspase-3 activity were detected in lymphocytes from AD patients. This difference was most pronounced in the CD4(+) T cell subtype. Notably, we found a significant increase of apoptotic cells and caspase-3 activity in lymphocytes from AD patients bearing one or two alleles of the ApoE4 compared to non-E4 carriers. Again, these effects were strongest in CD4(+) T cells. Circulating amyloid-beta (A beta) levels did not differ between AD patients bearing ApoE4 and non-ApoE4 and age-matched controls. Therefore, it is likely that circulating A beta is not responsible for the observed effects, which might rather reflect an ongoing systemic response in AD, e.g. an increase in CD95 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Frey
- Department of Pharmacology, Biocenter, University of Frankfurt, Germany
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40
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Steffan RJ, Matelan E, Ashwell MA, Moore WJ, Solvibile WR, Trybulski E, Chadwick CC, Chippari S, Kenney T, Winneker RC, Eckert A, Borges-Marcucci L, Adelman SJ, Xu Z, Mosyak L, Harnish DC. Control of chronic inflammation with pathway selective estrogen receptor ligands. Curr Top Med Chem 2006; 6:103-11. [PMID: 16454762 DOI: 10.2174/156802606775270279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of novel intervention points in the inflammatory pathway has been a focus of drug development in recent years. We have identified pathway selective ligands for the estrogen receptor (ER) that inhibit NF-kappaB mediated inflammatory gene expression causing a reduction of cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules and inflammatory enzymes. SAR development of a series of 4-(Indazol-3-yl)-phenols has led to the identification of WAY-169916 an orally active non-steroidal ligand with the potential use in the treatment of inflammatory diseases without the classical proliferative effects associated with non-selective estrogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Steffan
- Chemical and Screening Sciences, Wyeth Research, 500 Arcola Rd, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA.
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Leutner S, Schindowski K, Frölich L, Maurer K, Kratzsch T, Eckert A, Müller WE. Enhanced ROS-Generation in Lymphocytes from Alzheimer’s Patients. Pharmacopsychiatry 2005; 38:312-5. [PMID: 16342003 DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-916186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been implicated in neurodegeneration and seem to be involved in the physiology and pathophysiology of several diseases, including normal aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Enhanced ROS production in aging or AD is not restricted to the brain, but can also been seen in several peripheral tissues. The objective of the present study was to evaluate whether the mechanisms involved in the generation of oxidative stress in normal senescence and Alzheimer's disease are identical or not. METHODS We analysed intracellular basal levels of ROS in lymphocytes from AD patients and healthy young and aged not-demented subjects as well as ROS levels following stimulation with d-ribose and staurosporine in all three groups. ROS levels were measured by flow cytometry using the intracellular fluorescence dye dihydrorhodamine123 (DHR123). RESULTS Our study shows that AD lymphocytes have increased basal levels of ROS, low susceptibility to ROS stimulation by 2-deoxy- D-ribose (dRib) and an increased response to staurosporine when compared with age-matched controls. DISCUSSION The data suggest that the defect(s) responsible for enhanced ROS production in AD may involve different or additional biological pathways than those involved in enhanced ROS generation during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Leutner
- Department of Pharmacology, Biocenter, J. W. Goethe University of Frankfurt, Marie-Curie-Str. 9, 60439 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Chalimoniuk M, Głowacka J, Zabielna A, Eckert A, Strosznajder JB. Nitric oxide alters arachidonic acid turnover in brain cortex synaptoneurosomes. Neurochem Int 2005; 48:1-8. [PMID: 16216387 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2005.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2005] [Accepted: 08/24/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) and arachidonic acid (AA) and also its metabolites are very important inter- and intracellular second messengers. They are involved in mechanisms of learning and memory. However, liberated in excessive amount in brain ischemia, Parkinson and Alzheimer diseases they are responsible for cell degeneration and death. Previously, we could show that Alzheimer disease's amyloid-beta protein enhanced nitric oxide liberation. The role of NO in AA metabolism is till now not well understood. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanisms of NO-evoked activation of AA release and inhibition of AA incorporation into phospholipids of cortical rat brain synaptoneurosomes. The studies were carried out using NO donors, butyryl-cGMP (b-cGMP) and H2O2. All these compounds enhanced AA liberation from phosphatydilinositol (PI) and phosphatidylcholine (PC). Protein kinase ERK1/2, protein kinase C (PKC), cGMP-dependent protein kinase G (PKG) were involved in basal and NO-induced cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) activation. Moreover, NO donors, b-cGMP and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) exerted inhibitory effect on AA incorporation into PI and PC influencing arachidonyl-CoA transferase (AA-CoA-T) activity. AA-CoA synthase (AA-CoA-S) activity did not change. Specific inhibitors of protein kinase ERK1/2 (UO126), PKC (GF109203X), PKG (KT5823) had no effect on NO-mediated lowering of AA incorporation into PI and PC but inhibited the basal AA-CoA-S activity. Our data indicated that AA (10 microM) itself markedly decreased AA incorporation by about 50% into phospholipids of synaptoneurosomes membranes. Increasing release of AA and its metabolites causes the lowering of AA incorporation evoked by NO, b-cGMP and H2O2. Antioxidant, Resveratrol (100 microM) prevented NO- and cGMP-evoked inhibition of AA incorporation. These results suggest that NO affects the intracellular level of AA through alteration of cPLA2 and AA-CoA acyltransferase activities and may have an important implication in alterations of nerve endings properties and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Chalimoniuk
- Department of Cellular Signaling, Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego Street 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
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43
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Keil U, Scherping I, Hauptmann S, Eckert A, Müller WE. Stabilization of mitochondrial function by piracetam. Pharmacopsychiatry 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-918735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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44
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Savaskan E, Eckert A, Ravid R, Jockers R, Müller-Spahn F. Fas-associated phosphatase–1 (FAP–1) in Alzheimer’s disease hippocampus. Pharmacopsychiatry 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-918827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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45
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Eckert A, Scherping I, Bonert A, Hauptmann S, Müller-Spahn F, Müller WE. Mitochondrial failure precedes amyloid beta plaques deposition in APP transgenic mice. Pharmacopsychiatry 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-918670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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46
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Sonnenschein M, Brosig G, Eckert A, Engelke K, Jung M, Vogt C, Schlegel M, Polt A, Schultz H. Anforderungen an Werkzeuge und Methoden zum verbesserten Design von Wertschöpfungsketten in der chemischen Industrie. CHEM-ING-TECH 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.200590132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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47
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Vogt C, Allers T, Brosig G, Eckert A, Engelke K, Jung M, Polt A, Schultz H, Sonnenschein M. Paradigm Shift and Requirements in Enhanced Value Chain Design in the Chemical Industry. Chem Eng Res Des 2005. [DOI: 10.1205/cherd.04373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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48
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Mohammedi I, Eckert A, Thiebaut A, Piens MA, Malhière S, Robert D. Pneumopathie fatale à Aspergillus nidulans. Rev Med Interne 2005; 26:249-50. [PMID: 15777589 DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2004.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2004] [Accepted: 09/15/2004] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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49
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Steffan RJ, Matelan E, Ashwell MA, Moore WJ, Solvibile WR, Trybulski E, Chadwick CC, Chippari S, Kenney T, Eckert A, Borges-Marcucci L, Keith JC, Xu Z, Mosyak L, Harnish DC. Synthesis and activity of substituted 4-(indazol-3-yl)phenols as pathway-selective estrogen receptor ligands useful in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. J Med Chem 2005; 47:6435-8. [PMID: 15588074 DOI: 10.1021/jm049194+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pathway-selective ligands for the estrogen receptor (ER) inhibit NF-kappaB-mediated inflammatory gene expression causing a reduction of cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, and inflammatory enzymes. SAR development of a series of 4-(indazol-3-yl)phenols has led to the identification of WAY-169916 an orally active nonsteroidal ligand with the potential use in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis without the classical proliferative effects associated with estrogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Steffan
- Chemical and Screening Sciences and Cardiovascular/Metabolic Diseases, Wyeth Research, 500 Arcola Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, USA.
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50
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Steffan RJ, Matelan E, Ashwell MA, Moore WJ, Solvibile WR, Trybulski E, Chadwick CC, Chippari S, Kenney T, Eckert A, Borges-Marcucci L, Keith JC, Xu Z, Mosyak L, Harnish DC. Synthesis and activity of substituted 4-(indazol-3-yl)phenols as pathway-selective estrogen receptor ligands useful in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. J Med Chem 2004. [PMID: 15588074 DOI: 10.1021/jm049194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Pathway-selective ligands for the estrogen receptor (ER) inhibit NF-kappaB-mediated inflammatory gene expression causing a reduction of cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, and inflammatory enzymes. SAR development of a series of 4-(indazol-3-yl)phenols has led to the identification of WAY-169916 an orally active nonsteroidal ligand with the potential use in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis without the classical proliferative effects associated with estrogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Steffan
- Chemical and Screening Sciences and Cardiovascular/Metabolic Diseases, Wyeth Research, 500 Arcola Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, USA.
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