1
|
Cross L, Kendrick A. Notetaking among nursing students. Int J Nurs Educ Scholarsh 2024; 21:ijnes-2024-0002. [PMID: 38661172 DOI: 10.1515/ijnes-2024-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this review was to determine the current state of the literature for notetaking among nursing students and identify implications for future nursing education and research. Notetaking is frequently used by college students and is a proven learning strategy. There has been less research for notetaking among nursing students than students in other disciplines. CONTENT This narrative review was completed using the method described by Ferrari. Seven electronic databases were searched from 2018 to 2023 using the terms notetaking, students, and nursing. SUMMARY Seven of 65 articles were included in this review. Upon analysis, three categories of research findings were identified: learning style, notetaking skill, and notetaking and technology. OUTLOOK Nursing faculty should be aware of learning styles, notetaking strategies, and notetaking skill when designing assignments and course content for students. Future research should be done on this population to strengthen the findings of current literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Cross
- School of Nursing, 1825 MCPHS , Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amy Kendrick
- School of Nursing, 14598 Fitchburg State University , Fitchburg, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Oliver C, Biswas B, Blackman J, Busse M, Butters A, Drew C, Gabb V, Harding S, Hoyos C, Kendrick A, Turner N, Coulthard E. A systematic review on adherence to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in individuals with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease dementia. Sleep Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.05.641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
3
|
Kendrick A, Fantasia HC, Morse B, Willis DE. Food insecurity in college students: A concept analysis. Nurs Forum 2022; 57:898-904. [PMID: 35616363 DOI: 10.1111/nuf.12737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM This concept analysis provides an analysis of the concept of food insecurity among college students. The purpose was to support improved identification of the population and allow for targeted assessment and intervention strategies. BACKGROUND Food insecurity is a problem among college students. College students experience this more than the general population and have a unique set of risk factors and consequences. This requires a comprehensive understanding of this concept to design effective interventions. DESIGN Concept analysis using Walker and Avant. DATA SOURCES Databases were searched for articles in English related to food insecurity among college students. Government reports and gray literature were also reviewed. No date limit was set. REVIEW METHODS Articles and reports were read and reviewed. Thirty-nine sources were included in the analysis. RESULTS Five defining attributes were identified: Lack of sufficient food, negative academic implications, negative physical health impacts, negative psychosocial health impacts, learning to identify, and use food resources. Definitions, antecedents, consequences, and empirical referents are described. Cases are presented. CONCLUSIONS The proposed definition expounds upon current definitions and identifies the unique experiences and needs of college students who experience the phenomenon. This allows for early identification and support of college students' needs regarding food.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy Kendrick
- Department of Nursing, Fitchburg, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Brenna Morse
- Solomont School of Nursing, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Don E Willis
- Division of Community Health and Research, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bolte B, Bryan CS, Sharp PP, Sayyahi S, Rihouey C, Kendrick A, Lan P, Banwell MG, Jackson CJ, Fraser NJ, Willis AC, Ward JS. Total Syntheses of the 3H-Pyrrolo[2,3-c]quinolone-Containing Alkaloids Marinoquinolines A–F, K, and Aplidiopsamine A Using a Palladium-Catalyzed Ullmann Cross-Coupling/Reductive Cyclization Pathway. J Org Chem 2019; 85:650-663. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Bolte
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Christopher S. Bryan
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Phillip P. Sharp
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Soheil Sayyahi
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Charly Rihouey
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Amy Kendrick
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Ping Lan
- Institute for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Martin G. Banwell
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- Institute for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Colin J. Jackson
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Nicholas J. Fraser
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Anthony C. Willis
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Jas S. Ward
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cropper S, Kendrick A, Goodbourn P, Bruno A, Johnston A. The perception and meta-perception of time within and between modalities. J Vis 2018. [DOI: 10.1167/18.10.326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Cropper
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 3010
| | - Amy Kendrick
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 3010
| | - Patrick Goodbourn
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 3010
| | - Aurelio Bruno
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University College London, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
West MA, Loughney L, Ambler G, Dimitrov BD, Kelly JJ, Mythen MG, Sturgess R, Calverley PMA, Kendrick A, Grocott MPW, Jack S. The effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy on exercise capacity and outcome following upper gastrointestinal cancer surgery: an observational cohort study. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:710. [PMID: 27589870 PMCID: PMC5010720 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2682-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In 2014 approximately 21,200 patients were diagnosed with oesophageal and gastric cancer in England and Wales, of whom 37 % underwent planned curative treatments. Potentially curative surgical resection is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. For operable locally advanced disease, neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) improves survival over surgery alone. However, NAC carries the risk of toxicity and is associated with a decrease in physical fitness, which may in turn influence subsequent clinical outcome. Lower levels of physical fitness are associated with worse outcome following major surgery in general and Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery (UGI) surgery in particular. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) provides an objective assessment of physical fitness. The aim of this study is to test the hypothesis that NAC prior to upper gastrointestinal cancer surgery is associated with a decrease in physical fitness and that the magnitude of the change in physical fitness will predict mortality 1 year following surgery. Methods This study is a multi-centre, prospective, blinded, observational cohort study of participants with oesophageal and gastric cancer scheduled for neoadjuvant cancer treatment (chemo- and chemoradiotherapy) and surgery. The primary endpoints are physical fitness (oxygen uptake at lactate threshold measured using CPET) and 1-year mortality following surgery; secondary endpoints include post-operative morbidity (Post-Operative Morbidity Survey (POMS)) 5 days after surgery and patient related quality of life (EQ-5D-5 L). Discussion The principal benefits of this study, if the underlying hypothesis is correct, will be to facilitate better selection of treatments (e.g. NAC, Surgery) in patients with oesophageal or gastric cancer. It may also be possible to develop new treatments to reduce the effects of neoadjuvant cancer treatment on physical fitness. These results will contribute to the design of a large, multi-centre trial to determine whether an in-hospital exercise-training programme that increases physical fitness leads to improved overall survival. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01325883 - 29th March 2011.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M A West
- Anaesthesia and Critical Care Research Area, NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, CE93 MP24, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK.,Integrative Physiology and Critical Illness Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, UK.,Academic Unit of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - L Loughney
- Anaesthesia and Critical Care Research Area, NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, CE93 MP24, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK.,Integrative Physiology and Critical Illness Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, UK
| | - G Ambler
- Department of Statistical Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - B D Dimitrov
- Academic Unit of Primary Care and Population Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, UK
| | - J J Kelly
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Tremona Road, Southampton, UK
| | - M G Mythen
- Centre for Anaesthesia, Institute of Sport Exercise and Health, University College London Hospitals NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - R Sturgess
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Aintree, Longmoor Road, Liverpool, UK
| | - P M A Calverley
- Department of Respiratory Research, University of Liverpool, University Hospitals Aintree, Longmoor Road, Liverpool, UK
| | - A Kendrick
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - M P W Grocott
- Anaesthesia and Critical Care Research Area, NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, CE93 MP24, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK. .,Integrative Physiology and Critical Illness Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, UK.
| | - S Jack
- Anaesthesia and Critical Care Research Area, NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, CE93 MP24, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK.,Integrative Physiology and Critical Illness Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gayer CC, Crowley MJ, Lawrence WF, Gierisch JM, Gaglio B, Williams JW, Myers ER, Kendrick A, Slutsky J, Sanders GD. An overview and discussion of the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute's decision aid portfolio. J Comp Eff Res 2016; 5:407-15. [PMID: 27298206 DOI: 10.2217/cer-2016-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Decision aids (DAs) help patients make informed healthcare decisions in a manner consistent with their values and preferences. Despite their promise, DAs developed with public research dollars are not being implemented and adopted in real-world patient care settings at a rate consistent with which they are being developed. To appraise the sum of the parts of the portfolio and create a strategic imperative surrounding future funding, the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) tasked the Duke Evidence Synthesis Group with evaluating its DA portfolio. This paper describes PCORI's portfolio of DAs according to the Duke Evidence Synthesis Group's analysis in the context of PCORI's mission and the field of decision science. The results revealed a diversity within PCORI's portfolio of funded DA projects. Findings support the movement toward more rigorous DA development, assessment and maintenance. PCORI's funding priorities related to DAs are clarified and comparative questions of interest are posed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew J Crowley
- Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke Evidence Synthesis Group, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Jennifer M Gierisch
- Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke Evidence Synthesis Group, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Bridget Gaglio
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | - John W Williams
- Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke Evidence Synthesis Group, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Evan R Myers
- Duke Evidence Synthesis Group, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Amy Kendrick
- Duke Evidence Synthesis Group, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jean Slutsky
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Gillian D Sanders
- Duke Evidence Synthesis Group, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Al-Khatib SM, Gierisch JM, Crowley MJ, Coeytaux RR, Myers ER, Kendrick A, Sanders GD. Future Research Prioritization: Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Therapy in Older Patients. J Gen Intern Med 2015; 30:1812-20. [PMID: 26014894 PMCID: PMC4636565 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-015-3411-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) is highly effective therapy for preventing sudden cardiac death, there is considerable uncertainty about its benefits and harms in older patients, especially in the presence of factors, other than old age, that increase the risk of death. OBJECTIVE To develop a prioritized research agenda for the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute as informed by a diverse group of stakeholders on the use and outcomes of the ICD in older patients. DESIGN The existing literature was reviewed to identify evidence gaps, which were then refined by engaged stakeholders. Using a forced-ranking prioritization method, the stakeholders ranked evidence gaps by importance. For the highest-ranked evidence gaps, relevant recent studies were identified using PubMed, and relevant ongoing trials were identified using ClinicalTrials.gov. PARTICIPANTS Eighteen stakeholders, including clinical experts and researchers in the prevention of sudden cardiac death and ICD therapy, representatives from federal and non-governmental funding agencies, representatives from relevant professional societies, health care decision-makers and policymakers, and representatives from related consumer and patient advocacy groups KEY RESULTS The top 12 evidence gaps prioritized by stakeholders were related to the safety and effectiveness of ICDs in older patient subgroups not well represented in clinical trials, predictors of SCD, the impact of the ICD on quality of life, the use of shared decision-making, disparities in ICD use, risk stratification strategies, patient preferences, and distribution of modes of death in older patients. CONCLUSIONS In this paper, we identify evidence gaps of high priority for current and future investigations of ICD therapy. Addressing these gaps will likely resolve many of the uncertainties surrounding the use and outcomes of the ICD in older patients seen in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sana M Al-Khatib
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer M Gierisch
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Evidence Synthesis Group, Duke Clinical Research Institute, 2400 Pratt Street, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
- Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Matthew J Crowley
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Evidence Synthesis Group, Duke Clinical Research Institute, 2400 Pratt Street, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
- Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Remy R Coeytaux
- Duke Evidence Synthesis Group, Duke Clinical Research Institute, 2400 Pratt Street, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Evan R Myers
- Duke Evidence Synthesis Group, Duke Clinical Research Institute, 2400 Pratt Street, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Amy Kendrick
- Duke Evidence Synthesis Group, Duke Clinical Research Institute, 2400 Pratt Street, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Gillian D Sanders
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
- Duke Evidence Synthesis Group, Duke Clinical Research Institute, 2400 Pratt Street, Durham, NC, 27705, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Myers ER, Moorman P, Gierisch JM, Havrilesky LJ, Grimm LJ, Ghate S, Davidson B, Mongtomery RC, Crowley MJ, McCrory DC, Kendrick A, Sanders GD. Benefits and Harms of Breast Cancer Screening: A Systematic Review. JAMA 2015; 314:1615-34. [PMID: 26501537 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2015.13183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 364] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Patients need to consider both benefits and harms of breast cancer screening. OBJECTIVE To systematically synthesize available evidence on the association of mammographic screening and clinical breast examination (CBE) at different ages and intervals with breast cancer mortality, overdiagnosis, false-positive biopsy findings, life expectancy, and quality-adjusted life expectancy. EVIDENCE REVIEW We searched PubMed (to March 6, 2014), CINAHL (to September 10, 2013), and PsycINFO (to September 10, 2013) for systematic reviews, randomized clinical trials (RCTs) (with no limit to publication date), and observational and modeling studies published after January 1, 2000, as well as systematic reviews of all study designs. Included studies (7 reviews, 10 RCTs, 72 observational, 1 modeling) provided evidence on the association between screening with mammography, CBE, or both and prespecified critical outcomes among women at average risk of breast cancer (no known genetic susceptibility, family history, previous breast neoplasia, or chest irradiation). We used summary estimates from existing reviews, supplemented by qualitative synthesis of studies not included in those reviews. FINDINGS Across all ages of women at average risk, pooled estimates of association between mammography screening and mortality reduction after 13 years of follow-up were similar for 3 meta-analyses of clinical trials (UK Independent Panel: relative risk [RR], 0.80 [95% CI, 0.73-0.89]; Canadian Task Force: RR, 0.82 [95% CI, 0.74-0.94]; Cochrane: RR, 0.81 [95% CI, 0.74-0.87]); were greater in a meta-analysis of cohort studies (RR, 0.75 [95% CI, 0.69 to 0.81]); and were comparable in a modeling study (CISNET; median RR equivalent among 7 models, 0.85 [range, 0.77-0.93]). Uncertainty remains about the magnitude of associated mortality reduction in the entire US population, among women 40 to 49 years, and with annual screening compared with biennial screening. There is uncertainty about the magnitude of overdiagnosis associated with different screening strategies, attributable in part to lack of consensus on methods of estimation and the importance of ductal carcinoma in situ in overdiagnosis. For women with a first mammography screening at age 40 years, estimated 10-year cumulative risk of a false-positive biopsy result was higher (7.0% [95% CI, 6.1%-7.8%]) for annual compared with biennial (4.8% [95% CI, 4.4%-5.2%]) screening. Although 10-year probabilities of false-positive biopsy results were similar for women beginning screening at age 50 years, indirect estimates of lifetime probability of false-positive results were lower. Evidence for the relationship between screening and life expectancy and quality-adjusted life expectancy was low in quality. There was no direct evidence for any additional mortality benefit associated with the addition of CBE to mammography, but observational evidence from the United States and Canada suggested an increase in false-positive findings compared with mammography alone, with both studies finding an estimated 55 additional false-positive findings per extra breast cancer detected with the addition of CBE. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE For women of all ages at average risk, screening was associated with a reduction in breast cancer mortality of approximately 20%, although there was uncertainty about quantitative estimates of outcomes for different breast cancer screening strategies in the United States. These findings and the related uncertainty should be considered when making recommendations based on judgments about the balance of benefits and harms of breast cancer screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evan R Myers
- Duke Evidence Synthesis Group, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina2Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Patricia Moorman
- Duke Evidence Synthesis Group, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina3Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Jennifer M Gierisch
- Duke Evidence Synthesis Group, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina4Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina5Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical
| | - Laura J Havrilesky
- Duke Evidence Synthesis Group, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina2Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Lars J Grimm
- Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Sujata Ghate
- Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Brittany Davidson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Ranee Chatterjee Mongtomery
- Duke Evidence Synthesis Group, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina4Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Matthew J Crowley
- Duke Evidence Synthesis Group, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina4Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina5Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical
| | - Douglas C McCrory
- Duke Evidence Synthesis Group, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina4Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina5Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical
| | - Amy Kendrick
- Duke Evidence Synthesis Group, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Gillian D Sanders
- Duke Evidence Synthesis Group, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina4Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Buchan K, Badlan K, Fletcher M, Kendrick A. S123 Does Exercising With Domiciliary Non-invasive Ventilation (niv) Improve Quality Of Life (qol) In Patients With Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (copd)? Thorax 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2014-206260.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
11
|
Gierisch JM, Myers ER, Schmit KM, Crowley MJ, McCrory DC, Chatterjee R, Coeytaux RR, Kendrick A, Sanders GD. Prioritization of research addressing management strategies for ductal carcinoma in situ. Ann Intern Med 2014; 160:484-91. [PMID: 24567146 DOI: 10.7326/m13-2548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ductal carcinoma in situ is a common finding in women having mammography screening, and there is considerable uncertainty about the balance of harms and benefits of different management options. This article outlines the process for developing a prioritized research agenda for the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute as informed by a diverse group of stakeholders on the management of ductal carcinoma in situ. Evidence gaps were identified by reviewing existing literature and engaging diverse stakeholders to refine these gaps. Stakeholders ranked evidence gaps by importance from their perspectives using a forced-ranking prioritization method. PubMed was searched for relevant recent studies, and ClinicalTrials.gov was searched for relevant ongoing trials for the 10 highest-ranked evidence gaps. Strengths and limitations of different study designs were assessed to address gaps. Stakeholders prioritized evidence gaps related to incorporation of patient-centered outcomes into future research, development of better methods to predict risk for invasive cancer, evaluation of a strategy of active surveillance, and testing of decision-making tools. The degree to which prioritized evidence gaps may have already been addressed is uncertain because a comprehensive systematic review has not been done.
Collapse
|
12
|
Barratt S, Kendrick A, Buchanan F, Whittle A. Central hypoventilation with PHOX2B expansion mutation presenting in adulthood. Case Reports 2009; 2009:bcr09.2008.0946. [DOI: 10.1136/bcr.09.2008.0946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
13
|
King E, Kendall K, Wiles R, Rosenvinge H, Gould C, Kendrick A. General practice critical incident reviews of patient suicides: benefits, barriers, costs, and family participation. Qual Saf Health Care 2005; 14:18-25. [PMID: 15691999 PMCID: PMC1743966 DOI: 10.1136/qshc.2003.007344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIM To explore the feasibility of holding critical incident reviews (CIRs) after patient suicides in general practice and their ability to change practice. METHODS Thirteen practices were invited to conduct a facilitated CIR on 18 current patient suicides. Next of kin views were sought. All staff attending a CIR were interviewed after the review. RESULTS Ten practices reviewed 12 deaths. Twenty six staff attended reviews; all were interviewed. Next of kin contributed to six reviews; only one criticised care. Changes following the reviews included steps to improve internal communication and bereavement support to set up internal CIRs and review prescribing policies. Communications between practices and other agencies were clarified. CONCLUSION Practices were willing to hold CIRs and appreciated the potential positive value but need reassurance that they will not be blamed for suicides, and that the cost in time and resources will be recognised.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E King
- University of Southampton, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kaye J, Buchanan F, Kendrick A, Johnson P, Lowry C, Bailey J, Nutt D, Lightman S. Acute carbon dioxide exposure in healthy adults: evaluation of a novel means of investigating the stress response. J Neuroendocrinol 2004; 16:256-64. [PMID: 15049856 DOI: 10.1111/j.0953-8194.2004.01158.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Acute hypercapnia was studied to assess its potential as a noninvasive and simple test for evoking neuroendocrine, cardiovascular and psychological responses to stress in man. A single breath of four concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO(2)), 5%, 25%, 35% and 50%, was administered to nine healthy volunteers in a randomized, single-blind fashion. Although no adverse effects occurred, most subjects were unable to take a full inspired vital capacity breath of 50% CO(2). In response to the remaining exposures, subjective and somatic symptoms of anxiety increased in a dose-dependent manner. Unlike 5% and 25% CO(2), 35% CO(2) stimulated significant adrenocorticotropic hormone and noradrenaline release at 2 min and cortisol and prolactin release at 15 min following inhalation. This same dose also provoked a significant bradycardia that was followed by an acute pressor response. No significant habituation of psychological, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) or cardiovascular responses following 35% CO(2) was seen when this dose was repeated after 1 week. A single breath of 35% CO(2) safely and reliably produced sympathetic and HPA axis activation and should prove a useful addition to currently available laboratory tests of the human stress response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Kaye
- University Research Centre for Neuroendocrinology, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Rauch SL, Whalen PJ, Savage CR, Curran T, Kendrick A, Brown HD, Bush G, Breiter HC, Rosen BR. Striatal recruitment during an implicit sequence learning task as measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging. Hum Brain Mapp 2000; 5:124-32. [PMID: 10096417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Prior research has repeatedly implicated the striatum in implicit sequence learning; however, imaging findings have been inconclusive with respect to the sub-territories and laterality involved. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we studied brain activation profiles associated with performance of the serial reaction time task (SRT) in 10 normal right-handed males. Behavioral results indicate that significant implicit learning occurred, uncontaminated by significant explicit knowledge. Concatenated fMRI data from the entire cohort revealed significant right-lateralized activation in both the caudate and putamen. Analysis of fMRI data from individual subjects showed inter-individual variability as to the precise territories involved, including right as well as left caudate and putamen. Interestingly, all seven subjects who manifested robust learning effects exhibited significant activation within the putamen. Moreover, among those seven subjects, the magnitude of signal intensity change within the putamen correlated significantly with the magnitude of reaction time advantage achieved. These findings demonstrate right-sided striatal activation across subjects during implicit sequence learning, but also highlight interindividual variability with respect to the laterality and striatal subterritories involved. In particular, results from individual subjects suggest that, during the SRT, the reaction time advantage garnered via implicit sequence learning might be predominantly associated with activity within the putamen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S L Rauch
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston 02114, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
Hidden on the ward: the abuse of children in hospitals While there have been a small number of high profile cases of the abuse of children by hospital staff, there has been relatively little attention paid to the child protection issues for children staying in hospitals. Drawing on a conceptual framework from work on institutional abuse, we identify three types of abuse: physical and sexual abuse; programme abuse; and system abuse. Physical and sexual abuse can be perpetrated by medical professionals and hospital workers, it can be perpetrated by other children, or it can be perpetrated by the child's own parent(s). Research evidence from the United States of America (USA) suggests that the rate of abuse in hospitals is higher than in the family home. Programme abuse occurs when treatment and care falls below normally accepted standards. Recently, a tragic case of programme abuse concerned the unacceptably high death rate of babies undergoing heart surgery at Bristol Royal Infirmary. System abuse is the most difficult to define but concerns the way in which child health services fail to meet the needs of children. Recent reports have highlighted inadequate services for children and young people, lack of priority given to children's services, and geographical inequalities in the provision of services. Three crucial aspects in safeguarding children from abuse are highlighted: listening to children; the selection support and training of staff; and external systems of inspection, monitoring and standards. The recent British government agenda which has placed quality at the centre of National Health Service (NHS) developments are discussed. Only by addressing the abuse of children in hospital openly and honestly will effective child protection be possible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Kendrick
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Social Work, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland; Researcher/Lecturer, School of Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland.
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kendrick A, Vaclav M, Jeske A. The 1998 TDA membership survey. Tex Dent J 1998; 115:8-10. [PMID: 9927948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
|
18
|
Abstract
We examined the effect of oral midazolam premedication on postoperative behaviour. Seventy children (ASA Physical Status 1 and 2; aged 1-10 yrs) were assigned randomly in a prospective, blinded fashion to receive either midazolam 0.5 mg.kg-1 (maximum 10 mg) or placebo. Behaviour assessments were made prior to medication, during induction of anaesthesia and 15 min following arrival to recovery room. The baseline behavioural evaluation scores were not significantly different. The children receiving midazolam cried significantly less during induction (P < or = 0.02). At one week follow-up, eight of 35 subjects receiving placebo had experienced adverse behaviour changes (nightmares, night terrors, food rejection, anxiety, negativism); 19 of 35 of the midazolam group experienced these changes (P < or = 0.02). At four week follow-up, most behaviour changes had resolved. Children given preoperative oral midazolam were less likely to cry and fight while being anaesthetized, and preoperative sedation was associated with increased incidence of adverse postoperative behaviour changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T McGraw
- Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland 97201, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Rauch SL, Savage CR, Alpert NM, Dougherty D, Kendrick A, Curran T, Brown HD, Manzo P, Fischman AJ, Jenike MA. Probing striatal function in obsessive-compulsive disorder: a PET study of implicit sequence learning. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 1998; 9:568-73. [PMID: 9447498 DOI: 10.1176/jnp.9.4.568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography was employed to contrast the brain activation pattern in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) to that of matched control subjects while they performed an implicit learning task. Although patients and control subjects evidenced comparable learning, imaging data from control subjects indicated bilateral inferior striatal activation, whereas OCD patients did not activate right or left inferior striatum and instead showed bilateral medial temporal activation. The findings further implicate corticostriatal dysfunction in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Furthermore, when OCD patients are confronted with stimuli that call for recruitment of corticostriatal systems, they instead appear to access brain regions normally associated with explicit (conscious) information processing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S L Rauch
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown 02129, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Affiliation(s)
- J P Wynn
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Hull, U.K
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
Sesamol, a nonoil component of sesame seed oil, inhibited growth, fatty acid synthesis, and desaturation by Mucor circinelloides in vivo. Although sesamol also inhibited the growth of other fungi and yeasts, its effect on the lipid metabolism of M. circinelloides was exceptional. An enzymological study demonstrated that sesamol affected lipid synthesis primarily by the inhibition of malic enzyme activity, thereby limiting the NADPH supply for fatty acid synthesis and desaturation. Sesamol itself had no inhibitory effect on malic enzyme activity in vitro. A metabolite of sesamol is therefore probably responsible for the in vivo effects of sesamol on lipid metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J P Wynn
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Hull, United Kingdom.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
|
23
|
|
24
|
Rauch S, Savage C, Alpert N, Dougherty D, Kendrick A, Curran T, Brown H, Manzo P, Fischman A, Jenike M. Probing striatal function in obsessive compulsive disorder using PET and a sequence learning task. Neuroimage 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s1053-8119(96)80509-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
25
|
Taylor A, Kendrick A. Finance. PAYE day. Health Serv J 1995; 105:27. [PMID: 10143691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
|
26
|
Smith A, Kendrick A, Maben A, Salmon J. Effects of fat content, weight, and acceptability of the meal on postlunch changes in mood, performance, and cardiovascular function. Physiol Behav 1994; 55:417-22. [PMID: 8190755 DOI: 10.1016/0031-9384(94)90094-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of fat content and meal size on postlunch changes in mood, performance, and cardiovascular function. Forty-six subjects (20 males, 26 females) were tested before and after lunch. Subjects were assigned to one of the following lunch conditions: a) low fat (23 g), large meal (860 g); b) low fat (18 g), small meal (600 g); c) high fat (84 g), large meal (840 g); d) high fat (79 g), small meal (530 g). The results showed only small effects of fat composition and meal size, with no cardiovascular effects being observed and no evidence of fat content or the weight of the meal influencing performance of logical reasoning or cognitive vigilance tasks. A few effects of meal type were significant in the mood data, but given the large number of analyses conducted, these could represent chance effects. Results from two selective attention tasks showed that subjects given the high-fat meals responded more slowly but more accurately, which differs from the effects of carbohydrate, protein, and calorie content reported in earlier papers. Weight of the meal influenced the degree of distraction from near and far distractors and also the accuracy of responses to central and peripheral targets. However, both the effects of fat and meal size were modified by task parameters, and further research is required before firm conclusions can be drawn about the functional importance of the influences of nutrient content and meal size on performance. The high-fat and large meals were rated as more acceptable than the low-fat and small meals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Smith
- Health Psychology Research Unit, School of Psychology, University of Wales College of Cardiff
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
Two experiments examined the effect of breakfast (1.89 MJ) and caffeine (4 mg/kg) on cognitive performance, mood and cardiovascular functioning. In the first experiment, breakfast had no effect on performance of sustained attention tasks, but it increased pulse rate and influenced mood. The mood effects after breakfast differed between a cooked breakfast and a cereal/toast breakfast. In contrast to the effects of breakfast, this relatively high dose of caffeine improved performance of the sustained attention tasks, increased blood pressure and increased mental alertness. In the second experiment, effects of a breakfast and caffeine on mood and cardiovascular functions confirmed the results of the first study. The breakfast improved performance on free recall and recognition memory tasks, had no effect on a semantic memory task and impaired the accuracy of performing a logical reasoning task. In contrast to this, caffeine improved performance on the semantic memory, logical reasoning, free recall and recognition memory tasks. Overall, these results show that breakfast can improve performance in some but not all cognitive tasks and that these changes are very different from those observed after lunch, and those produced by caffeine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Smith
- Health Psychology Research Unit, School of Psychology, University of Wales College of Cardiff, UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Smith A, Kendrick A, Maben A. Use and effects of food and drinks in relation to daily rhythms of mood and cognitive performance. Effects of caffeine, lunch and alcohol on human performance, mood and cardiovascular function. Proc Nutr Soc 1992; 51:325-33. [PMID: 1480627 DOI: 10.1079/pns19920046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Smith
- Health Psychology Research Unit, School of Psychology, University of Wales College of Cardiff
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kendrick A, Ratledge C. Desaturation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in Mucor circinelloides and the involvement of a novel membrane-bound malic enzyme. Eur J Biochem 1992; 209:667-73. [PMID: 1425673 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1992.tb17334.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
1. The component fatty acids of the endogenous phospholipids of microsomal preparations of Mucor, when shaken at 30 degrees C, increased in both chain length and in degree of unsaturation. The net effect was the production of gamma-linolenic acid which, over 2 h, increased from 17% to 32% of total fatty acids present. No further significant changes occurred after this time. 2. The major site for desaturation/elongation reactions was at the sn-2 position of PtdIns. PtdCho and PtdEtn were not implicated. 3. Of numerous metabolites and cofactors added to the microsomes, only malate could prolong the elongation/desaturation reactions for up to 6 h. This effect was shown to be due to a membrane-associated malic enzyme [malate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) NADP+] with the NADPH produced being used in fatty-acid desaturation. 4. Kinetic analysis of cytosolic and microsomal enzymes [both in 0.1% (mass/vol.) Chaps] could not distinguish between them. However, when the microsomal malic enzyme was dialysed to remove Chaps, it lost 90% of activity, although the cytosolic malic enzyme lost only 20% activity. 5. The structural analogue of malate, tartronic acid, which is an inhibitor of malic enzyme, also inhibited the malate-induced stimulation of fatty-acyl group desaturation and elongation in the microsomal membranes. 6. It is concluded that two distinct malic enzymes exist, one soluble and one membrane bound, with similar active sites. Both have different roles in the production of NADPH, for lipid metabolism. The former will produce NADPH for fatty-acid biosynthesis whilst the latter produces NADPH for fatty-acid desaturation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Kendrick
- Department of Applied Biology, University of Hull, England
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
The lipid classes and component fatty acids of seven fungi were examined. Three marine fungi, Thraustochytrium aureum, Thraustochytrium roseum and Schizochytrium aggregatum (grown at 30, 25 and 25 degrees C, respectively), produced less than 10% lipid but contained docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) up to 30% and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) up to 11% of the total fatty acids. Mortierella alpinapeyron produced 38% oil containing solely n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) with arachidonic acid (AA) at 11% of the total fatty acids. Conidiobolus nanodes and Entomorphthora exitalis produced 25% oil and contained both n-3 and n-6 PUFA, with AA at 16% and 18%, respectively. Saprolegnia parasitica produced 10% oil and contained AA and EPA, respectively, at 19% and 18%. The triacylglycerol fraction always represented the major component at between 44% and 68% of the total lipid. Each fungus, except T. aureum, had the greatest degree of fatty acid unsaturation in the phospholipid fraction. The triacylglycerol fraction of T. aureum was the most unsaturated with DHA representing 29% (w/w) of all fatty acids present. The presence of the enzyme ATP:citrate lyase correlated with the ability of molds to accumulate more than 10% (w/w) lipid when the fungi were grown in nitrogen-limiting media. In those molds that failed to accumulate more than 10% lipid, the enzyme was absent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Kendrick
- Department of Applied Biology, University of Hull, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
Protein binding of thiopental was studied in 21 samples of neonatal serum (from placental blood) and compared with protein binding in ten healthy volunteers. These infants ranged between 32 and 43 weeks of gestational age (mean, 37.7 weeks) and the adult age range was from 27 to 54 years (mean, 35.4 years). Because the unbound fraction of the drug is responsible for its pharmacologic effect, a marked difference in the protein binding between neonates and adults may be relevant to the clinician. Blood obtained from freshly delivered placentas or from adult volunteers was allowed to clot and the serum separated from the sample. A portion of the serum was sent for protein and bilirubin analysis and the remainder retained for study. This latter serum was combined with four concentrations of thiopental. These specimens were then ultrafiltered and the amount of thiopental in the ultrafiltrate (unbound) compared with the prefiltered amount (total), as measured by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The binding studies were repeated at pH 7.2, 7.4, and 7.6 in both the adult and neonatal serum. Total protein and albumin are significantly less in neonatal serum, whereas bilirubin (total and direct) is significantly higher in neonatal serum than in adult serum (P less than 0.01). Neonatal serum was associated with significantly more unbound thiopental than adult serum at all levels of pH studied (P less than 0.005). Increasing the pH resulted in less free drug in both groups, but this reached statistical significance only in the adult group (P less than 0.025). Drug concentration had no effect on binding in the range examined.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H G Kingston
- Department of Anesthesiology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland 97201-3098
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Kendrick A. Measurement of effective pulmonary blood flow by soluble gas uptake. Thorax 1988. [DOI: 10.1136/thx.43.4.344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|